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Matthew Effects and Status Bias in Major League Baseball Umpiring
This article was downloaded by: [128.255.132.98] On: 19 February 2017, At: 17:32 Publisher: Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) INFORMS is located in Maryland, USA Management Science Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://pubsonline.informs.org Seeing Stars: Matthew Effects and Status Bias in Major League Baseball Umpiring Jerry W. Kim, Brayden G King To cite this article: Jerry W. Kim, Brayden G King (2014) Seeing Stars: Matthew Effects and Status Bias in Major League Baseball Umpiring. Management Science 60(11):2619-2644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.1967 Full terms and conditions of use: http://pubsonline.informs.org/page/terms-and-conditions This article may be used only for the purposes of research, teaching, and/or private study. Commercial use or systematic downloading (by robots or other automatic processes) is prohibited without explicit Publisher approval, unless otherwise noted. For more information, contact [email protected]. The Publisher does not warrant or guarantee the article’s accuracy, completeness, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement. Descriptions of, or references to, products or publications, or inclusion of an advertisement in this article, neither constitutes nor implies a guarantee, endorsement, or support of claims made of that product, publication, or service. Copyright © 2014, INFORMS Please scroll down for article—it is on subsequent pages INFORMS is the largest professional society in the world for professionals in the fields of operations research, management science, and analytics. For more information on INFORMS, its publications, membership, or meetings visit http://www.informs.org MANAGEMENT SCIENCE Vol. -
Base Umpire Field Positioning
Base Umpire Field Positioning Responsibilities: Field Diagrams with Umpires ‐‐ small diamond base paths A position ‐‐ Base umpire will: •Watch for illegal pitches •Make the safe/out call at 1st •Be responsible for fail/foul calls from the bag and beyond Position of Base Umpire when Batter is up •If the batter‐runner gets a base hit that goes through the infield the base umpire will take the batter‐runner around the bases watching the batter‐runner touch bases and A position ‐‐ with no runners on base make any calls at the bases. B position ‐‐ with only a runner on 1st base B and C position –Base umpire will: • Be responsible for any pick off plays at any of the bases C position – all other runner combinations • Illegal pitches • Make calls on the bases unless the plate umpire is covering third base on certain Note: all positions are before each pitch – situations move accordingly during each play. • Be responsible for runners touching bases during a base hit and fly balls. Plate Umpire Movement will depend on where the ball is hit. • After the ball is hit the base umpire needs to move into different positions depending Range and Working Area of Base Umpire on the play. When moving into position, remember “Inside/Outside.” If the ball is in the infield, the base umpire will generally be outside the baseline. If the ball is hit to the outfield, you should move to the infield side of the baseline. = movement of position • Batted balls that stay in the infield, stay outside and cover 1st and 2nd base. -
Baseball Sport Information
Rev. 3.24.21 Baseball Sport Information Sport Director- Rod Rachal, Cannon School, (704) 721-7169, [email protected] Regular Season Information- In-Season Activities- ● In-season practice with a school coach present - in any sport - is prohibited outside the sport seasons designated in the following table. (Summers are exempt.) BEGINS ENDS Spring Season Monday, February 15, 2021 May 16, 2021 Game Limits- Baseball 25 contests plus Spring Break Out of Season Activities- ● Out of season activities are allowed, but are subject to the following: ○ Dead Periods: ■ Only apply to sports not in season. ■ Out of Season activities are not allowed during the following periods: Season Period Fall Starts the first week of fall season through August 31st. Winter Starts 1 week prior to the first day of the winter sport season and extends 3 weeks after Nov. 1. Spring Starts 1 week prior to the third Monday of February and extends 3 weeks after the third Monday of February. May Starts on the spring seeding meeting date and extends through the final spring state championship. Sport Rules: ● National Federation of High Schools Rules (NFHS)- a. The NCISAA is an affiliate member of the NFHS. b. National High School Federation rules apply when NCISAA rules do not cover a particular application. c. Visit www.nfhs.org to find sport specific rules and annual updates. ● It is important for athletic directors and coaches to annually review rules changes each season. Rule Books are available for online purchase on the NFHS website. ● Rules Interpretations- a. Heads of schools and athletic directors are responsible for seeing that these rules and concepts are understood and followed by their coaching staff without exception. -
Suggestions for Improving Pace of Play
SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING PACE OF PLAY 1 SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING PACE OF PLAY ON THE TEE Be early for your tee time. Proper pace of play begins with teeing off at the appointed time. Allow time for unloading your equipment, putting on your golf shoes, any desired practice or warm-up, purchasing any refreshments and driving your cart to the first tee. Play the right course for your ability level: Choose a set of tees with a rating of your handicap index. Or just tee it forward (Apply Legends Rule.) Establish a position on the course. If your round begins on a par 4, wait until the group ahead of you has gotten to the green before teeing off. If your round begins on a par 5, wait until the group ahead of you has hit their second shot and moved toward the green. On subsequent holes when waiting on the tee for the group in front to clear the fairway, don't be so strict about order of play. Let the short hitter - who can't reach the group ahead anyway - go ahead and hit. PLAY READY GOLF— Pick your line of play once and trust yourself. Hit when ready and safe regardless of who has the honors. Try to take no more than one practice swing, then set up to the ball and play your shot. Be ready to hit when it is your turn. Take 30 seconds, maximum, to hit your shot. Pay attention to your partners' drives. If they lose sight of the ball, you can help direct them to it and avoid any searching. -
The Jurisprudence of the Infield Fly Rule
Brooklyn Law School BrooklynWorks Faculty Scholarship Summer 2004 Taking Pop-Ups Seriously: The urJ isprudence of the Infield lF y Rule Neil B. Cohen Brooklyn Law School, [email protected] S. W. Waller Follow this and additional works at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/faculty Part of the Common Law Commons, Other Law Commons, and the Rule of Law Commons Recommended Citation 82 Wash. U. L. Q. 453 (2004) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by BrooklynWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of BrooklynWorks. TAKING POP-UPS SERIOUSLY: THE JURISPRUDENCE OF THE INFIELD FLY RULE NEIL B. COHEN* SPENCER WEBER WALLER** In 1975, the University of Pennsylvania published a remarkable item. Rather than being deemed an article, note, or comment, it was classified as an "Aside." The item was of course, The Common Law Origins of the Infield Fly Rule.' This piece of legal scholarship was remarkable in numerous ways. First, it was published anonymously and the author's identity was not known publicly for decades. 2 Second, it was genuinely funny, perhaps one of the funniest pieces of true scholarship in a field dominated mostly by turgid prose and ineffective attempts at humor by way of cutesy titles or bad puns. Third, it was short and to the point' in a field in which a reader new to law reviews would assume that authors are paid by the word or footnote. Fourth, the article was learned and actually about something-how baseball's infield fly rule4 is consistent with, and an example of, the common law processes of rule creation and legal reasoning in the Anglo-American tradition. -
2021 Safety Plan “Play Safe”
2021 Safety Plan “Play Safe” Board of Directors Position Name Phone # Email Chairman Kevin Zynn 717.475.6503 [email protected] Co-Chairman Adam Brown 484-678-2218 [email protected] Treasurer Joe Flaim 717.768.7989 [email protected] Secretary Heather Zynn 717.821.0227 Safety Officer Jessica Good 717-951-3231 Board Members Name Phone # Email Steve Temple 717.687.3705 [email protected] Dean Coates Table of Content Pequea Valley Youth Baseball Safety Program .................................................3 Manager’s Responsibility ..................................................................................4 Safe Behavior .....................................................................................................5 Safe Equipment ..................................................................................................5 Field Maintenance ..............................................................................................6 Unsafe Conditions ..............................................................................................6 Heat Illness.........................................................................................................8 Injuries ...............................................................................................................8 Accident Reporting Procedures .........................................................................9 Injury Report ....................................................................................................10 -
MLB Statistics Feeds
Updated 07.17.17 MLB Statistics Feeds 2017 Season 1 SPORTRADAR MLB STATISTICS FEEDS Updated 07.17.17 Table of Contents Overview ....................................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. MLB Statistics Feeds.................................................................................................................................................. 3 Coverage Levels........................................................................................................................................................... 4 League Information ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 Team & Staff Information .......................................................................................................................................... 7 Player Information ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 Venue Information .................................................................................................................................................... 13 Injuries & Transactions Information ................................................................................................................... 16 Game & Series Information .................................................................................................................................. -
Lock Out/Tag
WHAT’S INSIDE LOCK OUT/TAG OUT Energy Isolation Most industrial accidents are caused by the unexpected energization or start-up of machines or equipment or by the uncontrolled release of energy. Many of these accidents can be prevented by proper LOCKOUT/TAGOUT procedures. OSHA standards 29 CFR 1910.147 & 1910.269 are designed to prevent deaths and serious injuries to maintenance personnel by controlling unauthorized or accidental use of energy. To perform work on industrial equipment safely, you must know how to apply energy isolation. LOTO Application and Uses STEPS TO SAFELY PERFORM MACHINE MAINTENANCE: • A disconnect switch, circuit breaker, valve or other energy isolation mechanism is put in the safe or off position. • A device is often placed over the energy- isolating mechanism to hold it in the safe position. • A lock is attached so that the equipment can’t be energized. In a TAGOUT, the energy- isolating device is placed in the safe position and a written warning is attached to it. APPLY LOTO FOR SAFE SITUATIONS: • When you must remove or bypass a guard or other safety device. • When you must place any part of your body where you could be caught by moving machinery. • When repairing electrical circuits. • When cleaning or oiling machinery with moving parts. • When clearing jammed mechanisms. REMEMBER! Locks and Tags by themselves do not de-energize equipment. Attach them only after the machinery has been isolated from its energy sources. 110 | www.honeywellsafety.com/ca | Lock Out/Tag Out ELECTRICAL LOCKOUTS North C-SAFE – Pole -
Here Comes the Strikeout
LEVEL 2.0 7573 HERE COMES THE STRIKEOUT BY LEONARD KESSLER In the spring the birds sing. The grass is green. Boys and girls run to play BASEBALL. Bobby plays baseball too. He can run the bases fast. He can slide. He can catch the ball. But he cannot hit the ball. He has never hit the ball. “Twenty times at bat and twenty strikeouts,” said Bobby. “I am in a bad slump.” “Next time try my good-luck bat,” said Willie. “Thank you,” said Bobby. “I hope it will help me get a hit.” “Boo, Bobby,” yelled the other team. “Easy out. Easy out. Here comes the strikeout.” “He can’t hit.” “Give him the fast ball.” Bobby stood at home plate and waited. The first pitch was a fast ball. “Strike one.” The next pitch was slow. Bobby swung hard, but he missed. “Strike two.” “Boo!” Strike him out!” “I will hit it this time,” said Bobby. He stepped out of the batter’s box. He tapped the lucky bat on the ground. He stepped back into the batter’s box. He waited for the pitch. It was fast ball right over the plate. Bobby swung. “STRIKE TRHEE! You are OUT!” The game was over. Bobby’s team had lost the game. “I did it again,” said Bobby. “Twenty –one time at bat. Twenty-one strikeouts. Take back your lucky bat, Willie. It was not lucky for me.” It was not a good day for Bobby. He had missed two fly balls. One dropped out of his glove. -
Supplemental Rules (Supercedes MLB Rules), and the Municipal Sports Section Participant’S Code of Conduct
CITY OF LOS ANGELES DEPARTMENT OF RECREATION AND PARKS MUNICIPAL SPORTS BASEBALL SUPPLEMENTAL RULES VALLEY MUNICIPAL SPORTS OFFICE 6911 Laurelgrove Ave. North Hollywood, CA 91605 (818) 765-0284 (818) 764-5794 fax e-mail: [email protected] Game Status e-mail: [email protected] (Revised September 2021) I. RESPONSIBILITIES OF ALL TEAM MANAGERS 1. The manager is personally responsible for all of the players on his roster. The managers must set a good example for his players and fans. The manager must be able to control all players on his roster, (an uncontrollable player(s) on a team may cause an entire team to lose its forfeit bond or be suspended from the league). It is the responsibility of the manager and the players, to the best of their ability, to show respect for the umpires and for the umpires’ judgment. Under no circumstances will verbal or physical abuse of the umpires be tolerated. The manager must make a concerted effort to gain cooperation from the fans. If a manager fails to control his fans, he faces the possibility of losing a game by forfeit. ALCOHOL: Any team or participant reported with alcoholic beverages before, during or after a game on Los Angeles City, Department of Recreation & Parks facilities (including the parking lots), or any game site, will be subject to automatic forfeiture of their bond. The second time this occurs the team will be suspended from further participation. 2. The manager must attend all required meetings or send a representative. An up-to-date address and telephone number of the manager and the assistant manager must be on file in the Municipal Sports Office. -
Pitch-Count and Its Effects on Shoulder Injuries. How to Keep a Pitcher Healthy Alexander Malek Alexander Will Graduate in June 2015 with an Honors Biology B.S
Pitch-count and its Effects on Shoulder Injuries. How to keep a Pitcher Healthy Alexander Malek Alexander will graduate in June 2015 with an Honors Biology B.S. degree. Abstract Baseball is currently the fourth most popular sport in high schools across the country. However, pitchers are at a high risk to develop career ending injuries. Overuse can result in SLAP tears as well as torn rotator cuff muscles that can end a dream of pitching professionally. Major League Baseball has teamed up with leading sports medicine researchers to de- termine safe pitch-count guidelines for pitchers of all ages. Articles were found using Touro’s e-Journal database as well as Pubmed.gov to find pertinent research on this topic. Studies on ball velocity and scapular kinematics were done on three different levels of pitching. Data showed that over time fatigue sets in and pitching mechanisms change. It is important for pitchers to realize this and to act in a safe manner. Introduction Methods Baseball, America’s Pastime, is a sport enjoyed by men and women Journal articles were found by searching the terms “pitcher of all ages. The look of joy on a young child’s face when receiv- fatigue causes”, “pitch-count”, and “fatigue related injuries”. ing his first baseball glove is testament to the love of the game. Articles were accessed using the Touro Library databases of Who doesn’t remember going to their first baseball game? The EBSCO, ProQuest, and Sage Premier Collection. As the topic is a glamour of the game as well as the part time relaxation of lazing sports medicine related issue, the index of The American Journal around in the field allows for baseball and softball to be among of Sports Medicine was utilized as well. -
Key Concepts for Injury Prevention in Baseball Players
Baseball Key Concepts for Injury Prevention What kind of injuries occur in baseball? Traumatic injuries occur suddenly. These are typically prevented with proper equipment, rules, regulations and fair play. Overuse injuries occur over time. These can be prevented by knowing early warning signs, general conditioning and following recommendations for rest. What is forced rest? Body tissues can become worn out and painful when they get too much stress with certain activities. Forced rest is taking a strategic break from motions or activities that cause damage and sometimes pain. What else can be done to reduce injury risk in baseball? • Avoid playing on multiple teams in one season • Be smart about side session work, this counts toward pitch counts too. • Play multiple sports • Take 2-3 months off from pitching each year • Cross train during season and in the off-season • Ramp up slowly in pre-season Cross training ideas for young baseball players? • Flexibility exercises • Sprinting drills • Strength training with body resistance • Core stabilization and shoulder blade stabilization Who is more likely to get an overuse injury? • Pitchers that also play in other heavy throwing positions when not pitching, i.e. catcher, shortstop • Pitchers who play year-round or on multiple teams • Players who continue throwing through fatigue and/or pain. 469-515-7100 • scottishritehospital.org Continued on reverse Baseball Training Tips Balance baseball skills training with cross training. Focus on Proper Technique Age Recommended for • HOW is as important as HOW MANY Learning Various Pitches • Too many pitches leads to fatigue and poor form Pitch Age • Limiting total pitch count allows proper technique Fastball 8 during practice and games Change-up 10 See Little League recommendations for pitch counts and rest periods Curveball 14 Flexibility Exercises Knuckleball 15 Dynamic stretching activities or static stretching of major Slider 16 muscle groups including: hamstring, calf, shoulder, trunk Forkball 16 rotation.