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They Shall Grow Not Old, As We That Are Left Grow Old. Age Shall Not Weary Them, Nor the Years Condemn

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They Shall Grow Not Old, As We That Are Left Grow Old. Age Shall Not Weary Them, Nor the Years Condemn IN THE LEAD-UP TO ANZAC DAY, THIS SPECIAL PRESS SERIES LOOKS AT THE CONFLICTS THAT ARE COMMEMORATED ON APRIL 25. APRIL 2010 PART 1 They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old. Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn. At the going down of the sun and in the morning, WE WILL REMEMBER THEM. Words: Mike Crean Photo: Waiouru museum Graphics: Mark Cornell, John Cowie AT HOME ABROAD Black NZ Volunteers peaked cap with gold braid NZ NOTABLE EVENTS Volunteers badge. NOTABLE EVENTS Circ 1880 THE WARS AT HOME AND ABROAD The Wairau Incident was a THAT CHANGED THE FACE The NZ Regiment won plaudits skirmish between Maori and from the British for its part in armed settlers over claims to the advance through the land near Blenheim, in 1843. It OF NEW ZEALAND Transvaal to Johannesburg left four Maori and 22 settlers and Pretoria in 1900, during dead and sent a scare through the Boer War. European settlements around Painting by, J McMaster, 1901 , Confidence was high and the the country. South African War first contingent was withdrawn The sacking of Kororareka Courtesy: National Collection from battle to be sent home. of War Art. (now Russell) in 1845 caused However, near Pretoria, the great alarm in Auckland. Nga regiment met well organised Puhi chief Hone Heke chopped resistance, at Rhenoster Kop. down the flagpole at the Bay Boer fire killed five New of Islands town and prompted NORTHERN WAR Zealanders and residents to leave. A British THE NEW 1845-46 THE BOER WAR wounded 21. ZEALAND naval ship then bombarded the Rhodesia WARS 1 Sth African Republic Bechuanaland Protectorate Worse fate town, which Heke further (Transvaal) annexed by 1884-1964 awaited the New ransacked. British 1904 Main campaigns Zealanders at War in the Waikato reached a and conflicts 2 British Bechuanaland Langverwacht East Africa East peak in 1863 when General Annexed 1885, absorbed SOUTH1 Portuguese Hill, near the Duncan Cameron led a large 1840’s EASTERN BAY into Cape Colony 1895 Transvaal Orange Free army contingent into the heart OF PLENTY AFRICA State border. 1860-64 & EAST COAST 3 Swaziland, British Pretoria of the district. After several INVASION 1866-68 Protectorate from 1907 to Mafeking Johannesburg Swaziland The Boers OF WAIKATO 1967 engagements, a major battle 1865-72 1863-64 2 Naauwpoort 3 mounted a was fought at Rangiriri, near British Bechuanaland 4 Griqualand West, 5 breakthrough of Huntly. Victory there opened absorbed into Cape Colony 1885-1895 8 Orange Free State the British lines. the way for the British to push 1880 Griqualand Natal 6 An advance party 4 West Kimberly further south. The final Maori Ladysmith destroyed a series of 5 Orange Free State 7 Zululand defenders withdrew from 1854-1901, British Orange Bloemfontein New Zealand defence Orakau, near Te Awamutu, River Colony 1901-10 TARANAKI Durban posts, allowing the in 1864, ending the 1860-61 6 Zululand annexed by Cape Colony Basutcland larger Boer force to Waikato British 1881, absorbed by 1885-1895 escape. In fierce fighting, 24 campaign. Natal 1907 East London New Zealanders were killed 7 Basutcland, British and 41 wounded. Port Elizabeth SOUTHERN TE KOOTI Protectorate from Cape Town TARANAKI 1868-72 1884 1865-69 8 Natal, annexed HUTT VALLEY by British 1843 1846 Memorial service for Canterbury officers and soldiers killed in the South African Boer War, Victoria WAIRAU Square, Christchurch. 1843 NOTABLE PEOPLE THE THE NOTABLE PEOPLE English-born Sergeant artist and NEW ZEALAND BOER William surveyor Hardham Charles Heaphy WAR S WAR won New was the first Zealand's Treaty with raids that escalated New Zealander Masses of people poured out New Zealand's first overseas only VC in to receive the of Europe in the 1800s to to war. British Army units were military involvement was in the Boer Victoria Cross. escape poverty and over- deployed and an armed militia South Africa, where tensions War. crowding. They sailed to “New of settlers was raised. between Boer (of Dutch Although hit Source: The Canterbury times, 11 June 1913 Spurring his World” lands, which they saw descent) farmer communities several times The New Zealand Wars were horse on, he as under-populated, under- and British imperial interests by bullets in a confined to the North Island, ran a gauntlet used and rich in resources. had erupted in the 1880s. The The New Zealand troops Maori ambush, mainly in the Waikato, Taranaki of Boer rifle Wherever they settled, first New Zealand troops included men from the small in 1864, he and Bay of Plenty districts. fire to reach a conflict with indigenous arrived in late-1899 for the regular army, with greater linked with his militia comrades Maori leaders devised clever comrade who had been wounded in people erupted into war. second phase of the war. numbers of territorial (part- and rallied them to mount a defensive techniques and used an ambush near Naauwpoort in time) soldiers, and many successful counter-attack. Great Britain, which assumed guerrilla fighting tactics. But 1901. Hardham lifted the wounded The Boers had settled in the volunteers. Men who were able sovereign power in New the might of British infantry, man onto his horse, then ran Te Kooti was an East Coast chief Transvaal region, on South took their own horses. They Zealand, tried to avoid the supported by artillery and beside him to safety, still under who fought on the British side but Africa's high veldt. Their conducted a mobile bloodletting associated with gunboats that dominated the fire. Hardham was a Wellington was suspected of being a spy. He resistance to British rule over anti-guerrilla campaign against colonisation. Brutal suppression great waterways and kept blacksmith. was exiled to the Chatham Islands South Africa led to revolt in an elusive enemy that moved but escaped in 1868. Returning to of native people in other supply lines open, was overpow- New Zealand forces 1880, in which pitched battles quickly in small numbers the mainland, he led countries was horrifying ering. operated under British were fought. Peace returned in through areas they knew many raids against the the British and sparking command but New Earlier incidents occurred in 1882 with Transvaal given well. This style suited the British. He was pardoned an evangelical Christian Zealand officers won the many parts of New Zealand but limited independence. Numbers Kiwis, who won a reputation in 1883. response. British authori- admiration of the British. the period of most concen- of British living in the region as good soldiers. ties made efforts to Gustavus Von Tempsky trated fighting was in the increased with the discovery of Major Alfred Robin, from safeguard Maori rights, was an international 1860s. British troops withdrew gold, raising tensions and Premier Richard Seddon Dunedin, led the first the Treaty of Waitangi adventurer who after this, leaving government leading to renewed fighting in used the Boer War to contingent of troops to being the prime expres- captured the public forces to deal with troubles that 1899. impress the Empire with South Africa. Six sion of this. imagination. He joined broke out in the 1870s and 80s. New Zealanders' fighting months later, he was the Forest Rangers, a The fighting that broke out given command of the A notable effect of the 1860s Great Britain mobilised and spirit, stamina and rugged guerrilla unit whose between Maori and NZ Regiment and fighting was the level of urged its empire to stand with it adaptation to outdoors fighting methods settlers was probably promoted to Lieuten- co-operation among formerly to ensure British rule over living. against the Maori in inevitable. The authori- South Africa. New Zealand ant Colonel. Reports of rival Maori tribes. Some Maori The Boers agreed to peace the 1860s suited his ties felt forced by political sprang to the cause, sending his leadership made did not fight; some fought on terms in mid-1902. By then, unorthodox style. He reality to bend to the 6500 soldiers in 10 contingents, him a celebrity in New the British side. But grievance 230 New Zealanders were was promoted to lead demands of ever-increasing with 8000 horses and support- Zealand. over loss of land brought many dead. However, only a third the unit but was killed numbers of newcomers for ing services. The last two tribes together in formation of of these were killed in in 1868. land. contingents arrived in South the Maori King movement. action or died of wounds, Africa too late to fight. Maori responded to the rest succumbing to New Zealand wars medal European breaches of the accidents or illness. Boer War medal.
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