The Thorny Path Linking Cellular Senescence to Organismal Aging Christopher K
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Disruptive Chemicals, Senescence and Immortality
Disruptive chemicals, senescence and immortality Carnero, A., Blanco-Aparicio, C., Kondoh, H., Lleonart, M. E., Martinez-Leal, J. F., Mondello, C., ... & Yasaei, H. (2015). Disruptive chemicals, senescence and immortality. Carcinogenesis, 36(Suppl 1), S19-S37. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgv029 10.1093/carcin/bgv029 Oxford University Press Version of Record http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse Carcinogenesis, 2015, Vol. 36, Supplement 1, S19–S37 doi:10.1093/carcin/bgv029 Review review Disruptive chemicals, senescence and immortality Amancio Carnero*, Carmen Blanco-Aparicio1, Hiroshi Kondoh2, Matilde E. Lleonart3, Juan Fernando Martinez-Leal4, Chiara Mondello5, A.Ivana Scovassi5, William H.Bisson6, Amedeo Amedei7, Rabindra Roy8, Jordan Woodrick8, Annamaria Colacci9, Monica Vaccari9, Jayadev Raju10, Fahd Al-Mulla11, Rabeah Al- Downloaded from Temaimi11, Hosni K. Salem12, Lorenzo Memeo13, Stefano Forte13, Neetu Singh14, Roslida A. Hamid15, Elizabeth P. Ryan16, Dustin G. Brown16, John Pierce Wise Sr17, Sandra S.Wise17 and Hemad Yasaei18 http://carcin.oxfordjournals.org/ Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS/CSIC/HUVR/Univ. Sevilla), Oncohematology and Genetics Department, Avda Manuel siurot sn, 41013 Sevilla, Spain, 1Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Experimental Therapuetics Department, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain, 2Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8507, Japan, 3Institut De Recerca Hospital Vall D’Hebron, Passeig Vall d’Hebron, 119–129, -
The Emergence of Senescent Surface Biomarkers As Senotherapeutic Targets
cells Review The Emergence of Senescent Surface Biomarkers as Senotherapeutic Targets Martina Rossi and Kotb Abdelmohsen * Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, RNA Regulation Section, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Senescence is linked to a wide range of age-associated diseases and physiological declines. Thus, senotherapeutics are emerging to suppress the detrimental effects of senescence either by senomorphics or senolytics. Senomorphics suppress the traits associated with senescence phenotypes, while senolytics aim to clear senescent cells by suppressing their survival and enhancing the apoptotic pathways. The main goal of these approaches is to suppress the proinflammatory senescence- associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and to promote the immune recognition and elimination of senescent cells. One increasingly attractive approach is the targeting of molecules or proteins specifically present on the surface of senescent cells. These proteins may play roles in the maintenance and survival of senescent cells and hence can be targeted for senolysis. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledge regarding senolysis with a focus on novel surface biomarkers of cellular senescence and discuss their emergence as senotherapeutic targets. Keywords: senescence; surface proteins; surfaceome; senolytics; senolysis; senostatic; senescent cell clearance; senotherapeutics; senotherapy Citation: Rossi, M.; Abdelmohsen, K. The Emergence of Senescent Surface Biomarkers as Senotherapeutic Targets. Cells 2021, 10, 1740. 1. Introduction https://doi.org/10.3390/cells Cellular senescence is a phenotype associated with limited replicative capacity and 10071740 irreversible growth arrest of primary cells first described by Leonard Hayflick in the early 1960s [1]. -
Does Senescence Promote Fitness in Caenorhabditis Elegans by Causing Death?
Institute of Healthy Ageing Preprint 1st Nov 2018 Essay Does senescence promote fitness in Caenorhabditis elegans by causing death? Jennifer N. Lohr1, Evgeniy R. Galimov1 and David Gems* Institute of Healthy Ageing, and Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. 1These authors contributed equally. ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (D. Gems). 1 Institute of Healthy Ageing Preprint 1st Nov 2018 Abstract A widely appreciated conclusion from evolutionary theory is that senescence (aging) is of no adaptive value to the individual that it afflicts. Yet studies of C. elegans and S. cerevisiae are increasingly revealing the presence of processes which actively cause senescence and death, leading some biogerontologists to wonder about the established theory. Here we argue that programmed death that increases fitness could occur in C. elegans and S. cerevisiae, and that this is consistent with the classic evolutionary theory of aging. This is because of the special conditions under which these organisms have evolved, particularly the existence of clonal populations with limited dispersal and, in the case of C. elegans, the brevity of the reproductive period caused by protandry. Under these conditions, death-promoting mechanisms could promote worm fitness by enhancing inclusive fitness, or worm colony fitness through group selection. Such altruistic, adaptive death is not expected to evolve in organisms with outbred, dispersed populations. The plausibility of adaptive death in C. elegans is supported by computer modelling studies, and new knowledge about the ecology of this species. To support these arguments we also review the biology of adaptive death, and distinguish three forms: consumer sacrifice, biomass sacrifice and defensive sacrifice. -
Cellular Senescence Promotes Skin Carcinogenesis Through P38mapk and P44/P42mapk Signaling
Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on July 8, 2020; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-20-0108 Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Cellular senescence promotes skin carcinogenesis through p38MAPK and p44/p42 MAPK signaling Fatouma Alimirah1, Tanya Pulido1, Alexis Valdovinos1, Sena Alptekin1,2, Emily Chang1, Elijah Jones1, Diego A. Diaz1, Jose Flores1, Michael C. Velarde1,3, Marco Demaria1,4, Albert R. Davalos1, Christopher D. Wiley1, Chandani Limbad1, Pierre-Yves Desprez1, and Judith Campisi1,5* 1Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA 2Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir 35340, Turkey 3Institute of Biology, University of the Philippines Diliman, College of Science, Quezon City 1101, Philippines 4European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands 5Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA *Lead Contact: Judith Campisi, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA; Email: [email protected] or [email protected]. Telephone: 1-415-209-2066; Fax: 1-415-493-3640 Running title: Senescence and skin carcinogenesis Key words: doxorubicin, senescence-associated secretory phenotype, squamous cell carcinoma, microenvironment, inflammation, transgenic mice, tumorspheres Conflict of Interests JC is a co-founder of Unity Biotechnology and MD owns equity in Unity Biotechnology. All other authors declare no competing financial interests. Downloaded from cancerres.aacrjournals.org on September 25, 2021. © 2020 American Association for Cancer Research. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on July 8, 2020; DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-20-0108 Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. -
Understanding the Molecular Interplay Between Senescence, Rejuvenation, and Healthy Ageing. Eleanor Tyler
Understanding the molecular interplay between senescence, rejuvenation, and healthy ageing. Eleanor Tyler A thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2016 Supervisors: Dr Cleo L. Bishop Prof. Mike P. Philpott Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research The Blizard Institute Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London Statement of originality I, Eleanor Tyler, confirm that the research included within this thesis is my own work or that where it has been carried out in collaboration with, or supported by others, that this is duly acknowledged below and my contribution indicated. I attest that I have exercised reasonable care to ensure that the work is original, and does not to the best of my knowledge break any UK law, infringe any third party’s copyright or other Intellectual Property Right, or contain any confidential material. I accept that the College has the right to use plagiarism detection software to check the electronic version of the thesis. I confirm that this thesis has not been previously submitted for the award of a degree by this or any other university. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without the prior written consent of the author. Signature: Eleanor Tyler Date: 19.12.16 1 Abstract Senescence is classically defined as an irreversible cell cycle arrest. There is now convincing evidence that senescent cells accumulate during human ageing, potentially driving age-related dysfunction through depletion of mitotically active cells and stimulation of chronic inflammation. -
Dissecting Aging and Senescence—Current Concepts and Open Lessons
cells Review Dissecting Aging and Senescence—Current Concepts and Open Lessons 1,2, , 1,2, 1 1,2 Christian Schmeer * y , Alexandra Kretz y, Diane Wengerodt , Milan Stojiljkovic and Otto W. Witte 1,2 1 Hans-Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Thuringia, Germany; [email protected] (A.K.); [email protected] (D.W.); [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (O.W.W.) 2 Jena Center for Healthy Ageing, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Thuringia, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] These authors have contributed equally. y Received: 2 October 2019; Accepted: 13 November 2019; Published: 15 November 2019 Abstract: In contrast to the programmed nature of development, it is still a matter of debate whether aging is an adaptive and regulated process, or merely a consequence arising from a stochastic accumulation of harmful events that culminate in a global state of reduced fitness, risk for disease acquisition, and death. Similarly unanswered are the questions of whether aging is reversible and can be turned into rejuvenation as well as how aging is distinguishable from and influenced by cellular senescence. With the discovery of beneficial aspects of cellular senescence and evidence of senescence being not limited to replicative cellular states, a redefinition of our comprehension of aging and senescence appears scientifically overdue. Here, we provide a factor-based comparison of current knowledge on aging and senescence, which we converge on four suggested concepts, thereby implementing the newly emerging cellular and molecular aspects of geroconversion and amitosenescence, and the signatures of a genetic state termed genosenium. -
Cellular Senescence and Apoptosis: How Cellular Responses Might Influence Aging Phenotypes
Experimental Gerontology 38 (2003) 5–11 www.elsevier.com/locate/expgero Cellular senescence and apoptosis: how cellular responses might influence aging phenotypes Judith Campisia,b,* aLife Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA bBuck Institute for Age Research, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA 94945, USA Received 20 May 2002; accepted 28 May 2002 Abstract Aging in complex multi-cellular organisms such as mammals entails distinctive changes in cells and molecules that ultimately compromise the fitness of adult organisms. These cellular and molecular changes lead to the phenotypes we recognize as aging. This review discusses some of the cellular and molecular changes that occur with age, specifically changes that occur as a result of cellular responses that evolved to ameliorate the inevitable damage that is caused by endogenous and environmental insults. Because the force of natural selection declines with age, it is likely that these processes were never optimized during their evolution to benefit old organisms. That is, some age- related changes may be the result of gene activities that were selected for their beneficial effects in young organisms, but the same gene activities may have unselected, deleterious effects in old organisms, a phenomenon termed antagonistic pleiotropy. Two cellular processes, apoptosis and cellular senescence, may be examples of antagonistic pleiotropy. Both processes are essential for the viability and fitness of young organisms, but may contribute to aging phenotypes, including certain age-related diseases. q 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Antagonistic pleiotropy; Apoptosis; Cancer; Cellular senescence; DNA damage response; Neurodegeneration; p53; Telomeres 1. -
Aging, Life Span, and Senescence
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 95, pp. 11034–11036, September 1998 From the Academy This paper is summary of a session presented at the Ninth Annual Frontiers of Science Symposium, held November 7–9, 1997, at the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Center of the National Academies of Sciences and Engineering in Irvine, CA. Aging, life span, and senescence LEONARD GUARENTE*, GARY RUVKUN†, AND RICHARD AMASINO‡ *Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139; †Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114; and ‡Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 Research in the field of aging recently has entered a new era. in old sgs1 mother cells were enlarged and fragmented, Model systems have begun to provide insight into cellular, changes that are also found in very old wild type cells. molecular, and organismal changes that are related intimately What is the molecular basis of this fragmentation and does to aging. One important approach has been the identification it cause aging? Examination of the rDNA in old cells revealed of genes that determine the life span of an organism. The very an accumulation of extrachromosomal rDNA circles (ERCs) existence of genes that when mutated can extend life span of discrete sizes representing oligomers of the rDNA unit (7). suggests that one or a few processes may be critical in aging and ERCs arise from recombination within the rDNA of chromo- that a slowing of these processes may slow aging itself. some XII in the early part of the life span (Fig. 1). Each subsequent cell cycle, the ERCs replicate via the replication Yeast sequence in the rDNA repeats and then segregate asymmetri- cally into mother cells. -
Cellular Senescence and the Senescent Secretory Phenotype: Therapeutic Opportunities
Cellular senescence and the senescent secretory phenotype: therapeutic opportunities Tamara Tchkonia, … , Judith Campisi, James L. Kirkland J Clin Invest. 2013;123(3):966-972. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI64098. Review Series Aging is the largest risk factor for most chronic diseases, which account for the majority of morbidity and health care expenditures in developed nations. New findings suggest that aging is a modifiable risk factor, and it may be feasible to delay age-related diseases as a group by modulating fundamental aging mechanisms. One such mechanism is cellular senescence, which can cause chronic inflammation through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). We review the mechanisms that induce senescence and the SASP, their associations with chronic disease and frailty, therapeutic opportunities based on targeting senescent cells and the SASP, and potential paths to developing clinical interventions. Find the latest version: https://jci.me/64098/pdf Review series Cellular senescence and the senescent secretory phenotype: therapeutic opportunities Tamara Tchkonia,1 Yi Zhu,1 Jan van Deursen,1 Judith Campisi,2 and James L. Kirkland1 1Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. 2Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA. Aging is the largest risk factor for most chronic diseases, which account for the majority of morbidity and health care expenditures in developed nations. New findings suggest that aging is a modifiable risk factor, and it may be feasible to delay age-related diseases as a group by modulating fundamental aging mechanisms. One such mech- anism is cellular senescence, which can cause chronic inflammation through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). -
A Biomarker That Identifies Senescent Human Cells in Culture and in Aging Skin in Vivo (Replicative Senescence/Tumor Suppression/18-Galactosidase) GOBERDHAN P
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 92, pp. 9363-9367, September 1995 Cell Bioiogy A biomarker that identifies senescent human cells in culture and in aging skin in vivo (replicative senescence/tumor suppression/18-galactosidase) GOBERDHAN P. DIMRI*, XINHUA LEEt, GEORGE BASILE*, MEILEEN ACOSTA*, GLYNIS SCOrrt, CALVIN ROSKELLEY*, ESTELA E. MEDRANO§, MAARTEN LINSKENSI, IVICA RUBELJII, OLIVIA PEREIRA-SMITHII, MONICA PEACOCKEt, AND JUDITH CAMPISI* ** *Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; tDepartment of Dermatology, New England Medical Center, Tufts University Medical School, Boston, MA 02111; iDepartment of Dermatology and Pathology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY 14642; §Department of Cell Biology and IDivision of Molecular Virology, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030; and IGeron Corporation, 200 Constitution Drive, Menlo Park, CA 94025 Communicated by Arthur B. Pardee, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, June 12, 1995 (received for review March 28, 1995) ABSTRACT Normal somatic cells invariably enter a state The idea that cellular senescence is tumor suppressive stems of irreversibly arrested growth and altered function after a from molecular, cellular, and in vivo data. Immortality greatly finite number of divisions. This process, termed replicative increases the susceptibility to malignant transformation, in senescence, is thought to be a tumor-suppressive mechanism culture and in vivo (5, 6). Indeed, many tumors contain and an underlying cause ofaging. There is ample evidence that immortal cells or cells with an extended replicative lifespan (7). escape from senescence, or immortality, is important for In addition, some oncogenes act primarily to immortalize or malignant transformation. -
Revisiting the Hayflick Limit
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.03.442497; this version posted May 4, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Revisiting the Hayflick Limit: Insights from an Integrated Analysis of Changing Transcripts, Proteins, Metabolites and Chromatin. Michelle Chan, Han Yuan*, Ilya Soifer*, Tobias M. Maile, Rebecca Y. Wang, Andrea Ireland, Jonathon O’Brien, Jérôme Goudeau, Leanne Chan, Twaritha Vijay, Adam Freund, Cynthia Kenyon, Bryson Bennett, Fiona McAllister, David R. Kelley, Margaret Roy, Robert L. Cohen, Arthur D. Levinson, David Botstein**, David G. Hendrickson** *contributed equally **Corresponding Authors Abstract Replicative senescence (RS) as a model has become the central focus of research into cellular aging in vitro. Despite decades of study, this process through which cells cease dividing is not fully understood in culture, and even much less so in vivo during development and with aging. Here, we revisit Hayflick’s original observation of RS in WI-38 human fetal lung fibroblasts equipped with a battery of high dimensional modern techniques and analytical methods to deeply profile the process of RS across each aspect of the central dogma and beyond. We applied and integrated RNA-seq, proteomics, metabolomics, and ATAC-seq to a high resolution RS time course. We found that the transcriptional changes that underlie RS manifest early, gradually increase, and correspond to a concomitant global increase in accessibility in nucleolar and lamin associated domains. During RS WI-38 fibroblast gene expression patterns acquire a striking resemblance to those of myofibroblasts in a process similar to the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). -
Life Extension Pseudoscience and the SENS Plan
Life Extension Pseudoscience and the SENS Plan Preston W. Estep III, Ph.D. President and CEO, Longenity Inc. Matt Kaeberlein, Ph.D. Department of Pathology University of Washington Pankaj Kapahi, Ph.D. Buck Institute for Age Research Brian K. Kennedy, Ph.D. Department of Biochemistry University of Washington Gordon J. Lithgow Ph.D. Buck Institute for Age Research George M. Martin, M.D. Department of Pathology University of Washington Simon Melov, Ph.D. Buck Institute for Age Research R. Wilson Powers III Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington Heidi A. Tissenbaum, Ph.D. Program in Gene Function and Expression Program in Molecular Medicine University of Massachusetts Medical School Abstract Recent scientific advances have taken gerontological research to challenging and exciting new frontiers, and have given many scientists increased confidence that human aging is to some degree controllable. We have been on the front lines of some of these developments and the speculative discussions they have engendered, and we are proud to be part of the increasingly productive biomedical effort to reduce the pathologies of aging, and age-associated diseases, to the greatest degree possible—and to extend healthy human life span to the greatest degree possible. In contrast to clearly justifiable speculations regarding future advances in human longevity a few have made claims that biological immortality is within reach. One, Aubrey de Grey, claims to have developed a “detailed plan to cure human aging” called Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence (SENS) [1, 2]. This is an extraordinary claim, and we believe that extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidentiary support. In supplementary material posted on the Technology Review web site we evaluate SENS in detail.