Warsaw 2012 1 ABSTRACTS.indd 1 4/11/12 11:25 AM The Abstracts have been printed in the form submitted by their authors, with just the most necessary corrections or abbreviations. “Country” in the affiliations refers to the institution to which an ICAANE participant is affiliated, not to his or her nationality or citizenship. 2 3 ABSTRACTS.indd 2 4/11/12 11:25 AM CONTENTS PLENARY OPENING SESSION 5 THEMES ABSTRACTS 8 1. TOWNSHIPS AND VILLAGES 8 2. EXCAVATION REPORTS AND SUMMARIES 28 3. HIGH AND LOW – MINOR ARTS FOR ELITES AND THE POPULACE 68 4. ARCHAEOLOGY OF FIRE 81 5. CONSERVATION, PRESERVATION AND SITE MANAGEMENT 90 6. BIOARCHAEOLOGY IN THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST 95 7. ISLAMIC SESSION 108 WORKSHOPS ABSTRACTS 119 1. IRON AGE ARCHAEOLOGY IN THE LEVANT: THE VIEW FROM THE MICROSCOPE AND BEYOND. 119 RESULTS OF THE EUROPEAN RESEARCH COUNCIL-FUNDED PROJECT 2. CONTINUATION AND RUPTURE IN THE SETTLEMENT HISTORY OF LEBANON 123 3. DEFINING THE SACRED: APPROACHES TO THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF RELIGION IN THE NEAR EAST 129 4. "SEVEN GENERATIONS SINCE THE FALL OF AKKAD": THE SETTLEMENT AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE KHABUR PLAINS CA. 2200–1900 BC 141 5. SETTLEMNTS DYNAMICS AND HUMAN-LANDSCAPE INTERACTION IN THE STEPPES AND DESERTS OF SYRIA 147 6. UNLOCKING HIDDEN LANDSCAPES – SURVEY APPROACHES TO CHALLENGING AND MARGINAL LANDSCAPES IN THE NEAR EAST 158 7. SOCIAL THEORY IN THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST 164 8. BEYOND ORNAMENTATION – JEWELRY AS AN ASPECT OF MATERIAL CULTURE IN THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST 171 POSTER ABSTRACTS 176 PLENARY CLOSING SESSION 195 INDEX 196 2 3 ABSTRACTS.indd 3 4/11/12 11:25 AM 4 5 ABSTRACTS.indd 4 4/11/12 11:25 AM PLENARY OPENING SESSION APRIL 30TH, MONDAY MORNING SESSION HOUR NAME TITLE ADDRESS ON BEHALF OF THE RECTOR OF THE WARSAW 9.30-9.40 WłODZIMIERZ LENGAUER UNIVERSITY A WELCOME LETTER FROM MR. BRONISŁAW KOMOROWSKI, 9.40-9.45 PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND 9.45-9.55 KAZIMIERZ Lewartowski THE INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY 9.55-10.05 PIOTR BIELIński THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE OF THE 8TH ICAANE 10.05-10.15 PAOLO Matthiae THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF ICAANE 10.15-10.30 Oskar KAELIN 2014 - 9TH ICAANE IN BASEL, SWITZERLAND 10.30-11.00 COFFEE Break Midday SESSION : Key-Note LectUres HOUR NAME TITLE introducing theme 1: 11.00-11.30 Peter PFÄLZNER ATTRACTING PEOPLE: A STUDY ON THE RELATION OF CITIES AND HINTERLANDS IN THE 3RD MILLENNIUM BC introducing theme 3: 11.30-12.00 HOLLY PITTMAN CULTURES IN CONTACT: INTERACTION THROUGH IMAGERY ON THE IRANIAN PLATEAU IN THE BRONZE AGE introducing theme 4: 12.00-12.30 RÉmy Boucharlat FIRE IN RITUAL: FIRE ALTARS AND FIRE TEMPLES IN THE 1ST MILLENNIUM BC AND AD IN THE IRANIAN WORLD introducing theme 6: 12.30-13.00 Theya MOLLESON “THE WAY BACK”. BIOARCHAEOLOGISTS CAN TACKLE ARCHAEOLOGICAL QUESTIONS 4 5 ABSTRACTS.indd 5 4/11/12 11:25 AM RÉmy BOUcharlat Maison de l’Orient et de la Méditerranée, Université Lyon 2, France – [email protected] FIRE IN RITUAL: FIRE ALTARS AND FIRE TEMPLES IN THE 1ST MILLENNIUM BC AND AD IN THE IRANIAN WORLD Fire structures for pottery or used for metallurgical activities are generally easily recognizable in excavations. When dealing with fireplaces and hearths in houses or palaces or in open air, archaeologists are deeply influenced by the cultural context of the site. They usually interpret them as a domestic (for heat and cooking) fire in the earlier periods, but sometimes as a ‘ritual fire’, a function which is hardly obvious from the location, devices and related installations; more often than not, this function is the archaeologists’ interpretation. Both series of functions are well represented in the papers presented in this theme ‘Archaeology of fire’. My note belongs to the second group of fire, the ‘ritual fire’. The case-study considers fire installations in the late prehistoric and historical times (1st mill. BC – first half of 1st mill. AD) in the Iranian world. In that area, many excavated fireplaces and hearths are interpreted as sacred fires, therefore considering the building in which they are sheltered as Zoroastrian/ Mazdean temples. Some isolated large stone ‘altars’ without traces of fire in open areas are considered as fire altars. Until the beginning of that century less than half dozen of actual “fire-temples” were known in Sasanian Iran while in Central Asia several older buildings have been labelled pre-Zoroastrian or Zoroastrian (fire) temples. Today there is a larger series of excavated buildings which evidence that the fire was in the central place of the building, therefore of primary importance for the cult. Very often, if not always, there is a stand —with or without ashes— in the centre of a square room or a four-pillared building (called by archaeologists chahar taq ‘four arches’). This is not the unique form of a fire temple. Conversely, buildings with special layout, and especially the chahar taq buildings which are not excavated or does not yield a stand or a fireplace have long been interpreted as fire temples, without considering other possible functions such as kiosk or pavilion. Maybe the same cautious attitude should be considered for some cases of ‘ritual fires’ elsewhere in the Near East during the previous millennia. Theya MOLLESON Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom – [email protected] “THE WAY BACK”. BIOARCHAEOLOGISTS CAN TACKLE ARCHAEOLOGICAL QUESTIONS Each archaeological site is unique, in place at least and has its own identity, as did the community that lived there. To reconstruct the past the bioarchaeologist needs to address archaeological questions. However, the archaeologist doesn’t always know what can be done with the range of excavated material beyond the number count and the occasional case of pathology to keep the media happy. Yet bioarchaeologists can address some profound questions. Advances firstly in the standards of excavation, in imaging, statistical awareness and attention to comparative reference sources are enhancing results at many levels. The impacts of plant and animal domestication can be followed at sites like Abu Hureyra where there are long sequences. We can follow them from the human viewpoint at three levels of identity: the individual, the group and the community. Increases in the consumption of cereals in early Pre-Pottery Neolithic at Tell Abu Hureyra in 2A times are imprinted first on the dentitions, later on the human bones, when solutions had been developed to ameliorate the painful consequences of chewing whole grain; solutions that became role based. Animal domestication in 2B times could have developed in the aftermath of following migrating gazelle across the Syrian Desert as far as the Euphrates River. Over-production of young, which resulted once domestication was under control, was too good to waste and must soon have been exploited by exchange of surplus animals on the hoof and of animal products. Direct material evidence does not often survive but the fact of exchange created the need for specialist technology that was supplied by the arrival of a distinctive group of basket makers from across the Syrian Desert. Excavated bone does not travel well. The archaeologist should have a rapid response for ongoing field studies. Field recording is the most rewarding in terms of data and is the most cost effective, while inferences can be tested in subsequent analytical and molecular studies. Peter PFÄLZNER University of Tübingen, Germany – [email protected] ATTRACTING PEOPLE: A STUDY ON THE RELATION OF CITIES AND HINTERLANDS IN THE 3RD MILLENNIUM B.C. As has been documented in the Uruk Countryside survey by McAdams and Nissen the rise of the urban centres in the Early Dynastic city states in Southern Mesopotamia was characterized by a dramatic decrease in the number of towns and villages in the surroundings of the cities. The centres extracted population from the surrounding coun- tryside and incorporated them into the growing agglomerations. It will be investigated whether the same kind of 6 7 ABSTRACTS.indd 6 4/11/12 11:25 AM population trend existed in the north of Mesopotamia, particularly in the Syrian Jezireh. Obviously, different models of urban growth and population concentration can be observed in this region. A particular case is the expansion of the Kranzhügel-type of settlements into regions without a larger pre-existing agrarian population of towns and villages. Special measures were necessary in order to attract population to these new centres. The hinterlands of several Kranzhügel centres in the steppe region south of the Jebel Abd el-Aziz are explored through the study and interpretation of satellite images carried out by Luciano Giliberto at the University of Tübingen. HOLLY PITTMAN University of Pennsylvania, USA – [email protected] CULTURES IN CONTACT: INTERACTION THROUGH IMAGERY ON THE IRANIAN PLATEAU IN THE BRONZE AGE Among the minor arts in the ancient Near East, glyptic is closely associated with personal or corporate identity expressed through iconography and style. In settings where administrators from different communities interact, glyptic art can be a particularly sensitive marker of cultural identity when other evidence, textual or ceramic, is absent. This feature of glyptic makes it especially useful as window into cultural interaction during the 3rd millennium Early Bronze Age when the ancient world from the Euphrates to the Indus was linked together through a vast network of exchange and interaction along which merchants, craftsmen, emissaries and later soldiers and diplomats passed. While the Mesopotamian cuneiform texts provide us with hints of this interaction, we can evaluate it directly through the material traces left of the minor arts, especially the administrative residue of glyptic art.