DOCSLIB.ORG

Metal Geochemistry of Nerus River,Terengganu

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Metal Geochemistry of Nerus River,Terengganu The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 12, N0 3 (2008): 593 - 599 METAL GEOCHEMISTRY OF NERUS RIVER,TERENGGANU . Poh Seng Chee 1*, Suhaimi Suratman 1, Chew Choon Keat 1, Noor Azhar Mohamed Shazili 2 and Norhayati Mohd Tahir 1. 1Environmental Research Group (ERG)/ Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty Science and Technology 2Institute of Oceanography, University Malaysia Terengganu, Mengabang Telipot, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu *Corresponded author: [email protected] Abstract The Nerus River passes through the Setiu and Kuala Terengganu districts, on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. It passes through the populated urban area of northeastern Kuala Terengganu and receives and carries different kinds of agricultural and urban solid and liquid wastes produces by agricultural based industries and domestic sewage. The objective of this study is to investigate trace metal concentration in suspended particulate and water of the Nerus River and relate this to the anthropogenic activities. Water samples were collected from nine sites during dry and pre monsoon seasons (from May to October). Water pH, temperature, electric conductivity and salinity were measured in-situ. The suspended particulate was separated from water by using 0.45 µm pore size acetate cellulose membrane filter. Water (filtered) samples were subjected to APDC-MIBK pre-concentration and particulate samples were totally digested by using strong acids. Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb were analyzed using GFAAS and ICP-OES. Although the overall concentration of the metals obtained were still within Class I limit of the INWQS, however the results indicated that there is an increasing trend of Cu and Zn concentration in Nerus River water compared to previous study done in 2001. High Cu and Zn concentration in suspended matter sampled at downstream station which received effluent from nearby factories. Keywords: urban river, dissolved metals, particulate metals Introduction The changes in quality and quantity of river water resources are accelerating due ever increasing human- induced pollution and shift in land use. Population and economic growth continue to increase the demand on clean water; hence protecting high quality water resources has become local authorities’ foremost concern. It is well known that, river pollution is most commonly associated with the discharge of effluents from the sewers, drains or factories (Yuce et al. , 2006). Apart from point sources, diffuse sources such a storm water and agricultural runoff and atmospheric fallout also significantly contributed to water pollution. Off the list of the river pollutants, heavy metals continue to be one of the most frequently occurring and toxic group of contamination. Their compounds are not subjected to destruction in the water body. Furthermore, the ability of some organism to accumulate heavy metals in their tissues would potentially lead to movement of these metals to higher tropic in the food chain (Chapman, 1997). The present study, carried out at the Nerus river basin, is aimed at compiling the spatial and temporal trends of heavy metals concentration in both dissolved and particulate forms in their river system. This work forms part of the long term water quality project for main river basins in Terengganu carried out by UMT researchers since 1999. Methods and Materials Sampling sites The Nerus River passes through the Setiu and Kuala Terengganu district, east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The river basin extends about 77km and stretches between latitude 103º00’ E to 103º06’E and longitude of 05º13’N to 05º23’N. Its catchments area totals 851 km 2. Its source is at Gunung Sarut and flows southeastern in towards the mouth of Nerus River which discharges its water into Terengganu River estuary before finally discharging into the South China Sea. Nerus River basin comprises of tributaries namely Tepuh River, Pelung River, Telemong River, Las River, Tong River, Linggi River, Tayur River, Temiang River and Semelang River (Shazili et al ., 2004). The river flows through villages, farms and palm oil factories. It also passes through the populated urban area of northeastern Kuala Terengganu and receives and carries different kinds of agricultural and urban solid and liquid wastes produces by agricultural based industries and domestic sewage. 593 Poh Seng Chee et al: METAL GEOCHEMISTRY OF NERUS RIVER,TERENGGANU. Sampling procedure Water samples were collected in polyethylene bottles from nine stations along the waterway (Figure 1). All sampling bottles were cleaned using detergent followed by soaking in diluted nitric acid for one week and finally thoroughly rinsed with double deioned water. A total of 5 sampling trips were carried out at each sampling stations, between May to October 2004. pH, salinity and electrical conductivity were measured in-situ with YSI Multiparameter Hydrolab. During water sampling, the pre-cleaned sampling bottle was first rinsed with the river water before collecting the actual sample. Upon collection, samples were temporarily stored in an ice cooled container and transported back to the laboratory for further chemical analysis. Fig. 1: Location of sampling sites in Nerus River. Samples preparation and analysis Total suspended solid was analyzed by filtering a know volume of water through a pre-weighed 0.45 µm pore size Milipore filter paper and the resultant filter paper dried at 105ºC till constant weight (APHA, 1992). Samples were vacuum-filtered through 0.45 µm Millipore filter paper in a class 100 laminar flow hood. Both filter papers and filtrates were retained for particulate and dissolved metals analysis respectively. For particulate metals, the filtered suspended particulates were digested with a mixture of HNO 3-HCl-HF acids (4:3:2 ml ratio) in a microwave digestion system (Ethos Plus, Milistone) at 210ºC for 30 min. Excess HF in samples were neutralized using 10 ml of saturated H 3BO 3 (Hussain et al. 2002 and Pruseth et al., 2005). For dissolved metals, the filtrate samples were preconcentrated and the matrix removed from water using APDC-MIBK solvent extraction method. A 200ml aliquot of the sample was placed in a 250ml teflon separatory funnel and the pH adjusted to 3-3.5 with ammonia solution and nitric acid. Then, 5ml of 1% (w/v) APDC (ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate) was then added, shaken for 1 min and left to settle for 2 min. 594 The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 12, N0 3 (2008): 593 - 599 Later, 6 ml of MIBK (methyl isobutylketone) was added, the separatory funnel shaken for 1 min and the aqueous and solvent layers left to separate for 2 min. The aqueous layer was then transferred to another separatory funnel and the extraction procedure repeated. The aqueous layer was discarded and the MIBK layers from the first and second extractions were then combined. Trace metals were back-extracted into 5ml 2M HNO 3 by shaking the acid with the MIBK for 30 s and the acid layer collected after 2 min of standing. This method provided a 40-fold preconcentration factor. Additionally, to check the accuracy efficiency of the extraction method, standard solutions with known concentrations were analyzed. In general, recoveries for Cd were 84.7 ± 0.87%, Cu 101.2 ± 0.38%, Pb 82.6 ± 1.17% and Zn 80.3 ± 0.51%. Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb in the acid extracts were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (Vista Pro, Varian).The Vista Pro features a custom designed charge coupled device (CCD) detector, which provided true simultaneous measurement and full wavelength coverage from 167 to 785 nm. The CCD detector contains continuous angled arrays that are matched exactly to the two-dimensional image from the echelle optics (Calderon, 2000). These features allowed both trace and major levels analytes to be measurement in the same measurement. The radio-frequency (RF) robustness of the instrument also permits the analysis of difficulty samples up to 5% total dissolved solids, using axially viewed plasma (Bridger and Knowles, 2000). The instrument also equipped with a concentric glass nebulizer and a glass cyclonic spray chamber and the entire system was controlled by ICP Expert software (Varian, Australia). The practical limit of detection for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn were 0.5µgL -1, 0.06 µgL -1, 0.6 µgL -1 and 0.6 µgL -1 representatively. Results and Discussion Table 1 presents the results obtained for dissolved and particulate metals analyzed in this study. Selected physical parameter measurements were also included in the table. Figure 2 and Figure 3 shows the spatial and temporal distribution of metals for the nine sampling stations respectively. The concentrations for dissolved fractions were in the range of 0.03-1.14 µgL -1 Cd, 0.23-1.59 µgL -1 Pb and 1.54-21 µgL -1 Zn. The levels for particulate Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn varied from 0.23 to 0.97 µgL -1 , 0.15 to1.85 µgL -1 , 0.53 to 5.29 µgL -1 and 0.84 to 12.5 µgL -1 respectively. Generally, higher concentrations of Cd in particulate form compared to dissolved form were observed in Nerus River. Similarly for Cu, with exception of S1 and S6, particulate Cu is the dominant species in Nerus River. Zn on the other hand showed the reverse trend, where higher Zn concentration in the dissolved forms was found in all stations compared to the particulate form. In the case of Pb and Cu, no obvious trend could be seen between dissolved and particulate forms, some sampling sites like S1, S3 and S9 showed high contents of Pb in particulate forms whereas the remaining sites showed opposite trends. Table 1. Statistical results of pH, salinity, electric conductivity and metals concentrations in water of the Nerus River. Parameter Mean Median Std.Dev. Minimum Maximum pH 5.49 5.38 0.36 4.55 6.44 Salinity 0.10 0.01 0.38 0.01 1.99 EC (mV) 69.0 72.0 21.0 16.8 123 TSS (mg/L) 18.8 12.8 23.4 0.33 140 Dissolve form ( µgL -1) Cd 0.06 0.06 0.02 0.03 0.14 Pb 0.87 0.91 0.38 0.23 1.59 Cu 1.39 1.42 0.60 0.36 2.44 Zn 5.17 3.57 4.85 1.54 21.0 Particulate form (µgkg-1) Cd 0.60 0.66 0.21 0.23 0.97 Pb 0.80 0.74 0.41 0.15 1.85 Cu 1.71 1.68 0.91 0.53 5.29 Zn 3.26 2.90 2.19 0.84 12.5 595 Poh Seng Chee et al: METAL GEOCHEMISTRY OF NERUS RIVER,TERENGGANU.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • J. Collins Malay Dialect Research in Malysia: the Issue of Perspective
    J. Collins Malay dialect research in Malysia: The issue of perspective In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 145 (1989), no: 2/3, Leiden, 235-264 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl Downloaded from Brill.com09/28/2021 12:15:07AM via free access JAMES T. COLLINS MALAY DIALECT RESEARCH IN MALAYSIA: THE ISSUE OF PERSPECTIVE1 Introduction When European travellers and adventurers began to explore the coasts and islands of Southeast Asia almost five hundred years ago, they found Malay spoken in many of the ports and entrepots of the region. Indeed, today Malay remains an important indigenous language in Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, Thailand and Singapore.2 It should not be a surprise, then, that such a widespread and ancient language is characterized by a wealth of diverse 1 Earlier versions of this paper were presented to the English Department of the National University of Singapore (July 22,1987) and to the Persatuan Linguistik Malaysia (July 23, 1987). I would like to thank those who attended those presentations and provided valuable insights that have contributed to improving the paper. I am especially grateful to Dr. Anne Pakir of Singapore and to Dr. Nik Safiah Karim of Malaysia, who invited me to present a paper. I am also grateful to Dr. Azhar M. Simin and En. Awang Sariyan, who considerably enlivened the presentation in Kuala Lumpur. Professor George Grace and Professor Albert Schiitz read earlier drafts of this paper. I thank them for their advice and encouragement. 2 Writing in 1881, Maxwell (1907:2) observed that: 'Malay is the language not of a nation, but of tribes and communities widely scattered in the East..
    [Show full text]
  • Carving Motifs in Timber Houses of Kelantan and Terengganu: Sustaining Malay Architectural Identity
    CARVING MOTIFS IN TIMBER HOUSES OF KELANTAN AND TERENGGANU: SUSTAINING MALAY ARCHITECTURAL IDENTITY Ismail Said and Zumahiran Binti Kamarudin Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima University May 2010 Introduction • Malay traditional timber houses are normally decorated with excellent carvings with distinctive feature such as on external walls, over doors and windows and fascia board of gable end to provide ventilation as well as decoration,. • Woodcarving is considered as an integral component to the vernacular Malay houses in the northeastern states of Peninsular Malaysia, namely Kelantan and Terengganu. • Carving motifs of flora, geometry, Arabic calligraphy and cosmic features are depicted on carved panels of doors, walls, railings and ventilation components in different shapes and sizes. Aims of the Study • To highlight the visual interpretation of the carving motifs which were applied in the house components. This study provides a significant pattern of carving motif and its application in the carved components of the timber houses of Kelantan and Terengganu which were built in the years of 1850s to late 1940s. Its configuration and distribution in the building fabric were also examined. • The pattern of architectural embellishment could serve as a framework which could be considered as part of invaluable Malay heritage and they were indeed of historical and cultural importance. The woodcarving was a traditional art that reflected the local traditions and customs. Research Questions 1. What are the types of carving motif and contents of carved elements found in the traditional timber houses? 1. What are the uses, styles and pattern of regularity of carving motifs that signify the regional identity? Methods of Research The required data was gathered from the following three research methods: (1) Measured drawings and reports of timber houses from the Centre for the Study of Built Environment in the Malay World (KALAM) at the Department of Architecture in the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM).
    [Show full text]
  • Fishes of Terengganu East Coast of Malay Peninsula, Malaysia Ii Iii
    i Fishes of Terengganu East coast of Malay Peninsula, Malaysia ii iii Edited by Mizuki Matsunuma, Hiroyuki Motomura, Keiichi Matsuura, Noor Azhar M. Shazili and Mohd Azmi Ambak Photographed by Masatoshi Meguro and Mizuki Matsunuma iv Copy Right © 2011 by the National Museum of Nature and Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu and Kagoshima University Museum All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission from the publisher. Copyrights of the specimen photographs are held by the Kagoshima Uni- versity Museum. For bibliographic purposes this book should be cited as follows: Matsunuma, M., H. Motomura, K. Matsuura, N. A. M. Shazili and M. A. Ambak (eds.). 2011 (Nov.). Fishes of Terengganu – east coast of Malay Peninsula, Malaysia. National Museum of Nature and Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu and Kagoshima University Museum, ix + 251 pages. ISBN 978-4-87803-036-9 Corresponding editor: Hiroyuki Motomura (e-mail: [email protected]) v Preface Tropical seas in Southeast Asian countries are well known for their rich fish diversity found in various environments such as beautiful coral reefs, mud flats, sandy beaches, mangroves, and estuaries around river mouths. The South China Sea is a major water body containing a large and diverse fish fauna. However, many areas of the South China Sea, particularly in Malaysia and Vietnam, have been poorly studied in terms of fish taxonomy and diversity. Local fish scientists and students have frequently faced difficulty when try- ing to identify fishes in their home countries. During the International Training Program of the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (ITP of JSPS), two graduate students of Kagoshima University, Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Inspection Procedures: an Introduction
    120 Graeme Parkes Inspection procedures: an introduction FAO/NORWAY GOVERNMENT COOPERATIVE PROGRAMME – GCP/INT/648/NOR78 REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES MONITORING, CONTROL AND SURVEILLANCE Kuala Lumpur and Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia, 29 June – 3 July 1998 INSPECTION PROCEDURES: AN INTRODUCTION Graeme B. Parkes79 These notes cover: ñObjectives and Activities ñSurveillance Facilities ñLegal basis and Rules of Procedure ñInformation ñCollection of Evidence - Pre-boarding (at sea) - Boarding (at sea) ñIndicators of fishing (past, present or future) ñPresentation of Evidence ñInspection procedures on land ñKey areas to be inspected ñInspection Manual and Training OBJECTIVE To implement the provisions of the fisheries law and deter activities which are in contravention of that law. ACTIVITIES 1.The inspection of licensed vessels to verify compliance with the terms and conditions of licensing. 2.The collection of evidence from vessels suspected of operating in contravention of the fisheries law. 3.The apprehension and escort of such vessels. CIVILIAN OR MILITARY? 78. Programme of Assistance to developing countries for the implementation of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries – Sub-programme C: Assistance to developing countries for upgrading their capabilities in monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) 79. MRAG Americas Inc., 5445 Mariner St., Suite 303, Tampa FA 33609, USA GCP/INT/648/NOR – Field Report C–1/Supp.2 121 Technical papers presented at the Regional Workshop on Fisheries Monitoring, Control and Surveillance. Kuala Lumpur and Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia, 29 June - 3 July 1998 SURVEILLANCE FACILITIES At Sea: ñPatrol vessel and boarding craft ñAircraft ñOn-board Observers ñCoastal radar and VMS On Land: ñHarbour control office ñCoastal patrol ñFacilities for discharge of cargo ñCold store LEGAL BASIS AND RULES OF PROCEDURE Prerequisite: Legislation must be clear and transparent.
    [Show full text]
  • Nutrient Distribution in the Besut River Basin, Terengganu, Malaysia (South China Sea)
    Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, Vol 23 No 3 (2019): 436 - 443 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2019-2303-07 MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL SCIENCES ISSN 1394 - 2506 Published by The Malaysian Analytical Sciences Society NUTRIENT DISTRIBUTION IN THE BESUT RIVER BASIN, TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA (SOUTH CHINA SEA) (Taburan Nutrien di Lembangan Sungai Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia (Laut China Selatan)) Suhaimi Suratman1,2*, Azyyati Abdul Aziz1, Tan Hock Seng1, Hee Yet Yin1, Fatin Adlina Md Nasir1, Dung Quang Le3, Norhayati Mohd Tahir1 1Institute of Oceanography and Environment 2Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia 3PETRONAS Twin Towers, Kuala Lumpur City Centre, 50088 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received: 19 August 2018; Accepted: 11 May 2019 Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of nitrogen (N)- and phosphorus (P)-based nutrients in the Besut River basin, Malaysia (South China Sea). The mean concentrations of ammonia, nitrate, total dissolved N and total particulate N were 43 µg/L N, 195 µg/L N, 485 µg/L N, 431 µg/L N, respectively. In contrast to N, lower mean concentrations of P were recorded with values of 2.30 µg/L P (dissolved inorganic P), 4.84 µg/L P (total dissolved P) and 8.35 µg/L P (total particulate P). In general, higher concentrations of nutrients were recorded in the middle and lower reaches of the river basin due to human activities. Elevated levels of both forms of nutrients were present during the wet season due to terrestrial run-off to the water column.
    [Show full text]
  • Potential of Global Solar Radiation in Terengganu, Malaysia
    International Journal of Energy Engineering (IJEE) Jun. 2013, Vol. 3 Iss. 4, PP. 130-136 Potential of Global Solar Radiation in Terengganu, Malaysia Abdul Majeed Muzathik Department of Maritime Technology, University Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia Faculty of Engineering, South Eastern University of Sri Lanka [email protected] Abstract- Accurate information on the intensity of solar radiation at a given location is essential to the development of solar energy- based projects. This information is used in the design of a project, in cost analysis, and in calculations on the efficiency of a project. As the solar radiation data are not available for most areas in Malaysia, this study is crucial in establishing the solar data for Terengganu, Malaysia. The geographical co-ordinates of the site are 50 10’ N latitude 1030 06’ E longitude and 5.2 m altitude. The data used in the present study were collected from the Renewable Energy Station, University Malaysia Terengganu from 2004 to 2010. In addition to these data, secondary data were obtained from Malaysian Meteorological Department from 2004 to 2009 at the Terengganu Airport station (5o 10.0’ N latitude 103o 6.0’ E longitude) which is nearly 2 km southeast to the study area. From the raw data, the mean, maximum and minimum hourly values were calculated. The highest 24 hours basis daily and monthly mean global solar radiation values were 314.9 W/m2 and 7556 Wh/m2/day, respectively. The highest hourly average solar radiation intensity was 1139 W/m2 during this study period. Yearly average daily solar energy was 18.93 MJ/m2/day.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 SDC 5: Systematic Review of Prospective, Hospital-Based
    SDC 5: Systematic review of prospective, hospital-based rotavirus studies in Malaysia We conducted a systematic search of prospective hospital-based rotavirus (RV) surveillance studies in Malaysia. A meta-analysis was conducted to obtain pooled RV-detection proportions for acute gastroenteritis (AG) hospitalizations. Methods A systematic search was conducted to select studies conducted in Malaysia that comply with WHO recommendations for hospital-based RV surveillance [6]. Criteria for eligibility were as follows: (i) prospective, hospital-based study (ii) at least one year duration, (iii) conducted in Malaysia, (iv) on children under the age of 5 years, (v) stool tested for RV with an enzyme immunoassay test. The literature was searched systematically to locate published articles in three databases (PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science). Search terms used were ‘rotavirus’ AND (‘gastroenteritis OR ‘diarrhoea’ OR ‘diarrhea’) AND ‘Malaysia’. The search was limited to English language publications. Citation search and consultation with experts were conducted to identify additional publications. After removing duplicates, titles and abstracts were screened to identify prospective, hospital- based RV studies. Subsequently, full text articles were read to identify studies meeting the eligibility criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. A DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model [7] was used to pool outcomes from each individual study site and calculate the mean and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for RV-detection proportion. 1 Results The systematic search of three databases provided a total of 94 citations; 39 from Pubmed, 38 from Scopus and 17 from Web of Science. No further articles were identified from citation search or consultation with experts.
    [Show full text]
  • Data Utama Negeri I
    Main Data Terengganu Main Data Data Utama Negeri i kandungan contents DATA UTAMA NEGERI 21. Penduduk Mengikut Jantina, Isi Rumah dan Tempat Kediaman 2017 01 Main Data Terengganu Population by Sex, Household & Living Quarters 2017 23. 2. Keluasan, Bilangan JKKK, Guna Tanah & Penduduk Mengikut Daerah 2017 Penduduk Mengikut Kumpulan Umur 2017 Population by Age Group 2017 Area, Number of JKKK, Landused and Population by District 2017 24. 3. Keluasan Mengikut Daerah Penduduk Mengikut Kumpulan Etnik 2017 Population by Ethnic 2017 Area by District Main Data Terengganu Main Data 26. 5. Keluasan Tanah Mengikut Mukim 2017 Kadar Pertumbuhan Penduduk Purata Tahunan Average Annual Population Growth Rate Land Area by Mukim 2017 28. Taburan Peratus Penduduk, Keluasan dan Kepadatan Mengikut Daerah 12. Bilangan Kampung Mengikut JKKK Daerah 2017 Percentage Distribution of Population Area And Density by District Number of Village by District JKKK 2017 30. Penduduk Mengikut Strata 13. Gunatanah Mengikut Daerah 2017 Population by Stratum Landused by District 2017 14. Gunatanah Negeri 2017 Landused by State 2017 SUMBER 03 Resources 34. Sumber PENDUDUK 02 Population Resources 16. Data Penduduk Mengikut Negeri Population Data by State GUNATENAGA 04 Manpower Data Utama Negeri 18. Kadar Pertumbuhan Penduduk Purata Tahunan Mengikut Negeri Average Annual Growth Rate by State 36. Penglibatan Tenaga Buruh 19. Anggaran Penduduk Mengikut Daerah Labour Force Participation Estimated Population by District 37. Taburan Gunatenaga Mengikut Industri Manpower Distribution by Industry KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR 05 Gross Domestic Product 42 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KKDNK) Mengikut Sektor (Harga Malar 2010) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by Sector (Constant Prices 2010) ii kandungan contens PERINDUSTRIAN TERNAKAN 06 Industry 09 Livestock 48.
    [Show full text]
  • Wp Kuala Lumpur 8.00 Pagi
    JOHOR KEDAH KELANTAN MELAKA NEGERI SEMBILAN PAHANG PERAK PERLIS 8.00 PAGI - 5.00 PETANG* PULAU PINANG SABAH SARAWAK SELANGOR 8.00 PAGI - 5.00 PETANG* TERENGGANU WP KUALA LUMPUR Penerimaan bayaran sehingga 12.00 tengah hari sahaja WP LABUAN 8.00 PAGI - 5.00 PETANG* BAYARAN TUNAI & KAD ISNIN - JUMAAT 8.00 PAGI - 1.00 TGH HARI PUSAT BAYARAN KREDIT / DEBIT KUALA LUMPUR BAYARAN SELAIN TUNAI ISNIN - JUMAAT & KAD KREDIT / DEBIT 8.00 PAGI - 4.30 PTG *Berdasarkan*Berdasarkan harihari bekerjabekerja setiapsetiap negeri,negeri, BAYARAN TUNAI & KAD ISNIN - JUMAAT PUSAT BAYARAN kecualikecuali bagibagi NegeriNegeri Kedah,Kedah, Kelantan,Kelantan, KREDIT / DEBIT 8.00 PAGI - 1.00 TGH HARI TerengganuTerengganu & & Johor Johor di di mana mana waktu waktu operasi operasi KOTA KINABALU & Hari Khamis sehingga 3.30 petang sahaja. PUSAT BAYARAN Hari Khamis sehingga 3.30 petang sahaja. BAYARAN SELAIN TUNAI ISNIN - JUMAAT KUCHING & KAD KREDIT / DEBIT 8.00 PAGI - 3.00 PTG *Dikemaskini Dikemaskini pada pada 12 Mac 04 Mac2021, 2021, 12.13 5.12 pm pm WP KUALA LUMPUR PEJABAT DITUTUP ALTERNATIF No NAMA PEJABAT ALAMAT & NO. TELEFON NAMA PEJABAT ALAMAT & NO. TELEFON -NA- -NA- -NA- -NA- MUKA UTAMA SELANGOR PEJABAT DITUTUP ALTERNATIF No NAMA PEJABAT ALAMAT & NO. TELEFON NAMA PEJABAT ALAMAT & NO. TELEFON 1. -NA- -NA- -NA- -NA MUKA UTAMA NEGERI SEMBILAN PEJABAT DITUTUP ALTERNATIF No NAMA PEJABAT ALAMAT & NO. TELEFON NAMA PEJABAT ALAMAT & NO. TELEFON -NA- -NA- -NA- -NA MUKA UTAMA MELAKA PEJABAT DITUTUP ALTERNATIF No NAMA PEJABAT ALAMAT & NO. TELEFON NAMA PEJABAT ALAMAT & NO. TELEFON -NA- -NA -NA- -NA- MUKA UTAMA PULAU PINANG PEJABAT DITUTUP ALTERNATIF No NAMA PEJABAT ALAMAT & NO.
    [Show full text]
  • Ukm-Itb 2002
    J. Agrobiotech. Vol X, 2015, p. X-XX. Nalini Arumugam and Rohaya binti Ibrahim. ©Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin An Exploration on Corn Industry ISSN 1985-5133 (Press) Marketing Channels. ISSN 2180-1983 (Online) An Exploration on Corn Industry Marketing Channels *Nalini Arumugam and Rohaya binti Ibrahim Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Tembila Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu Darul Iman, MALAYSIA. *Corresponding author; E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT This study was focus on the marketing margin analysis to deal with issues in relation to the marketing of corn produce in Terengganu. The price change in corn is the main problem in providing reasonable price to both farmers and consumers of products. The held up payment by the commission agents, rather high transportation cost to middleman and lack of education on definite marketing condition gave problems to the farmers in marketing their produce. The farmer suffered from high cost in corn production, while getting low economic return for their produce when the other members in the channel got higher profit. For this purpose this study had been conducted at all the districts of Terengganu and focusing the main location of corn production which is the Kuala Berang area. The data collected for this study were cost of production and net marketing margin of corn industry. The marketing margin analysis is used to interpret the data. The main factors that affects marketing margin in corn industry were marketing cost and the cost of production faced by the farmers. There were three channels that are involved in corn industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)
    Journal of Sustainability Science and Management e-ISSN: 2672-7226 Volume 14 Number 1, February 2019 : 11-28 © Penerbit UMT HERPETOFAUNA OF UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU CAMPUS: SUSTAINING BIODIVERSITY IN CAMPUS GREEN AREA BAIZUL HAFSYAM BADLI-SHAM1, NOOR SHAHIRAH-IBRAHIM1, GOH SHU XIAN1, HAYATUN SYAMILA-NOH1, NIK SITI AISHAH ABDUL SHUKOR1, FARAH ANIS SHAFIE1, NURASIKIN MD DAUD1, FARHA ASYIREEN ABDUL RAZAK1, ROSHA ROSLI1, ANIS AZIRA ABDUL AZIZ1, FATIMAH NOR FATIHAH MOHAMMAD1, MOHAMED FAHMI KAMARUZZAMAN1, SUHAILI MOHAMAD1, KHUNIRAH DZU1, AMALINA SHARIFFUDIN1, SITI NAJWA-SAWAWI1 AND AMIRRUDIN AHMAD1,2,* 1School of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 2Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) campus at Mengabang Telipot, Kuala Nerus has a considerable patch of pristine coastal mangrove forest, comprising more than 13 tree species, and associated fauna, such as bats, birds, insects, and herpetofauna. Over the years, many of the green areas, including mangrove vegetation have been replaced with built-up areas. The objective of this study was to determine the diversity of herpetofauna in green areas around the UMT campus. Samplings of amphibians and reptiles were conducted by using the visual encounter survey technique. A total of 237 individuals representing 22 herpetofauna species was recorded, comprising five amphibians and 19 reptiles. All of the amphibians were regarded as habitat generalist species, while the reptiles were represented by 13 generalist species and 11 habitat specialist species. These species assemblages could be the reflection of the severe degradation of natural habitats, in which the remnant mangrove forests serve as a refuge.
    [Show full text]
  • Bauxite in the Kuantan Area, Peninsular Malaysia
    GEOSEA V Proceedings Vol. I, Geol. Soc. Malaysia. Bulletin 19, April 1986; pp. 315-325 Bauxite in the Kuantan area, Peninsular Malaysia S. SENATHI RAJAH Geological Survey of Malaysia, Ipoh Abstract: An account is given on the search for bauxite in the Kuantan area, Peninsular Malaysia. Results ofthe reconnaissance survey indicate significant reserves offerruginous bauxite in the area that may be ofcommercial interest. The bauxite belongs to the tropical lateritic type. It has formed in situ by decomposition of the underlying basalt ofprobable Tertiary age, and occurs as blanket deposits and lenses in the residual rock mantle. Furtherdetailed prospecting is warranted to confirm whether the bauxite deposit is viable for exploitation. INTRODUCTION General.-The existence ofbauxite in the Kuantan area, Peninsular Malaysia was first recognized by the Geological Survey in 1937 (Fitch, 1952). Subsequently, preliminary investigations by Fitch (I952) have shown that its occurrence is confined to areas underlain by the Kuantan basalt. This paper is based on the results of the bauxite investigation undertaken by the Geological Survey in 1979 (Rajah 1980) by reconnaissance auger prospecting, over the general area following the recommendation of Robertson Research International Ltd. (1976). Location and Access.-The area of interest lies in the neighbourhood of Kuantan in the states of Pahang and Terengganu (Fig. 1). It is easily accessible via the highway to Kuala Terengganu, the new Kuantan bypass, and roads to Sungai Lembing, Bukit Goh Estate and Jabor Valley Estate. Topography and Vegetation.-The area is flat to undulating. Hills with flat tops and low ridges between 100 and 200 ft (30-60 m) in altitude constitute the main topography.
    [Show full text]