Open DATA for Resilience Initiative FIELD Guide
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open data for resilience initiative field guide About GFDRR The Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) helps high-risk, low-income developing counties better understand and reduce their vulnerabilities to natural hazards, and adapt to climate change. Working with over 300 national, community level, and international partners GFDRR provides grant fi nancing, on-the-ground technical assistance helping mainstream disaster mitigation policies into country-level strategies, and thought leadership on disaster and climate resilience issues through a range of knowledge sharing activities. GFDRR is managed by the www.gfdrr.org World Bank and funded by 21 donor partners. version: 4 June 2014 open data for resilience initiative field guide © 2014 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank Rights and Permissions 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license (CC BY 3.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0. Under the Creative This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt Note that The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: included in the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of the content contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of third parties. The risk Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. 2014. Open Data for of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. Resilience Field Guide. Washington, DC: World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or Translations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. 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Dedicated to those who envision a more resilient future for their communities contents acknowledgements vi foreword ix executive summary xi preface 1 1. introduction 5 2. open data for resilience 15 3. method 21 4. scoping 27 5. collating existing data 37 6. collecting new data 55 7. catalyzing an open data ecosystem 71 8. epilogue 83 appendix a: personnel 93 appendix b: documents 107 resources 115 glossary 117 Photo: Community mapping in Indonesia. Credit: Abby Baca, The World Bank Group, 2013. acknowledgements The effort to create a first version of the Open Data for Resilience Boutin connected GFDRR into the UNICEF Innovation workshops, Field Guide has drawn upon a wide range of experts from several enabling us to see how a UN agency is building on the collective institutions around the world. GFDRR would like to thank all those intelligence of its dedicated and brilliant field staff. who contributed their wisdom, experience, and insights to the initial drafts of this guide as well as this first publication. At Geoscience Australia (GA), Matt Jakab and Andrew Jones spent hours on Skype calls at odd hours to help us see the importance Core support came from GFDRR and World Bank Group staff of GA’s bespoke approach to building open data and helping who built the Open Data for Resilience practice within GFDRR ministries build risk assessment programs. We hope some of Labs. This Field Guide is the product of John Crowley, who their collective wisdom is now embedded in this guide. A long researched and wrote this publication, and Dustin York, who conversation with John Schneider at the Global Platform provided built the information graphics. Robert Soden put many hours a deeper understanding of how to position this guide in the explaining how practices worked in the field, commenting on ecosystem of risk assessment. At the Australia-Indonesia Facility for drafts, and guiding the writing process to the final product—all Disaster Reduction, we would like to thank Trevor Dhu and Kristy while balancing the start of a doctoral program. We owe him deep Van Putten, whose pioneering work fed directly into the framework gratitude for his work building OpenDRI and the fraction of his of this guide, as well as Ole Nielsen, whose code and documentation wisdom that we have managed to collect into this guide. Vivien were instrumental in understanding how to teach underlying Deparday helped the writers clarify implementation details. Alanna concepts to a lay audience. Simpson kept us focused on the big picture while making sure we nailed down all the details. Ariel Nuñez provided insight into At UNISDR, Craig Duncan gave freely of his time and insight into the technical workings of the GeoNode and the approaches to its how open data fits into UNISDR mission and how we might partner deployment. Emma Phillips and Keiko Saito provided collective towards building an open data ecosystem across the disaster risk memory about OpenDRI and insight into Africa and the Middle management cycle. Julio Serje helped us see how open data fit into East. Abby Baca and Liana Razafindrazay guided our exploration UNISDR strategy. of community mapping and data catalogues in the East Asia and At USAID, Carrie Stokes, Shadrock Roberts, Albert Gembara, Pacific. Through many conversations over coffee, Bishwa Pandy Amy Noreuil, Joe McSpedon, and Chad Blevins provided constant and Bradley Lyon helped us to see how they build communities support and encouragement for the OpenDRI and Open Cities of practice and data catalogues in the Caribbean. Mark Forni and projects. Without their insights, the final structure of his guide Sonam Sultanali provided critical information about Open Cities would have missed important elements of needs of programming projects in Nepal, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. Tariq Khokar gave officers, including the way that we approached explaining how to advice on many occasions on open data and the policies at The build contracts/terms of reference for program implementation. World Bank. Shadrock provided innumerable hours of advice and mobilized This guide would not exist without the efforts of our growing list of efforts around mapping Kathmandu that exceeded all expectations. partners. We owe them more thanks than can fit into a few words. We would like to thank Kate Gage, Robert Baker, and Haley Van Dyck for insights into how the US and USAID open data policy At UNICEF, Chris Fabian provided us with the initial idea to came to be and for partnerships which are now unfolding around write a field guide, which is based on the Do-It-Yourself Guide to open data. We would also like the thank the George Washington UNICEF Innovation Labs. His support and insight into the design University Department of Geography and Environmental Studies and content of this OpenDRI Field Guide were invaluable. Stuart for its support in remote mapping of Kathmandu. Campo detailed his experiences building an innovation lab in one of the newest countries in the world, South Sudan. Geneviève vi At OCHA, Sarah Telford linked our efforts at describing OpenDRI Mike Migurski at Code for America helped with the early vision with her efforts to build a Humanitarian Data Exchange Project and of the guide. Eric Gundersen and Nate Smith at MapBox helped was a constant voice of support. CJ Hendrix connected us with the explain Jekyll and prose.io, which provided the contributors to Humanitarian Exchange Language, which might well become the this guide with a way to see unfolding ideas on the Web within a IATI standard for humanitarian action. Craig Williams provided version-controlled, simple site. us with links into years of risk thinking he has pursued within humanitarian action. Richard Tyson and David Megginson showed The GFDRR team would like to thank Miki Fernandez of Ultra us where OCHA is taking open data, and Imogen Wall kept us Designs for his energy, enthusiasm, and willingness to move his focused on communities affected by disasters. entire shop to our conference table so as to help us make our ideas more clear and beautiful. At the American Red Cross, Dale Kunce, Robert Banick, and Maya Kapsokavadis tag-teamed GFDRR to help us see a parallel approach to By transitive property, Paul Erdos’ quip that mathematicians are community mapping to connect readiness to response and resilience. machines for turning caffeine into algorithms also holds for those Their insights (with wholehearted support from Ghotai Ghazialam) who write about data. This publication is the byproduct of many contributed greatly to the section on community mapping. hand-crafted cups of coffee.