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Android in Lazarus

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Android in Lazarus Custom Drawn Interface/Android Contents 1 Architecture 2 Roadmap 3 Using the Android SDK, Emulator and Phones 4 Android Programming 5 Configuring the Free Pascal Compiler for Android o 5.1 Use the ready Virtual Box Image with FPC and Lazarus o 5.2 Building the compiler yourself in Windows o 5.3 Using the pre-compiled compiler in Windows o 5.4 Building the compiler yourself in Linux o 5.5 Using the pre-compiled compiler in Linux 6 Install the Java JDK and the Android SDK and NDK 7 Compiling the example LCL Android Application 8 How to create an LCL Android Application o 8.1 Step 1 - Creating the LPI o 8.2 Step 2 - Building the library o 8.3 Step 3 - Create the Android project structure o 8.4 Step 4 - Creating the APK package . 8.4.1 Step 4 - Creating the APK package in Linux . 8.4.2 Step 4 - Creating the APK package in Windows o 8.5 Building an LCL Android application with debug info 9 Oh no! My LCL Android application doesn't work o 9.1 The Pascal executable was compiled for a wrong architecture, operating system and/or widgetset o 9.2 My Pascal application crashed. How to get a stacktrace? o 9.3 The indispensable build options o 9.4 Wrong package name 10 Free Pascal Bugs on Android Support o 10.1 FPC4Android Branches . 10.1.1 FPC4Android 2.5.1 . 10.1.2 FPC4Android 2.6.1 11 Android SDK and NDK bugs o 11.1 Android NDK for Windows broken linker o 11.2 Error while calling DX: Trouble processing: bad class file magic (cafebabe) 12 Development Notes o 12.1 The mysterious JNI Crash o 12.2 NDK Libraries available in Android 2.2 (API level 8) o 12.3 Native text drawing o 12.4 Flood of garbage collector messages when the caret is visible o 12.5 Why the caret of a TEdit keeps blinking after clicking on the form o 12.6 Android ComboBox o 12.7 Using the Native ListView Dialog o 12.8 LazDeviceAPIs Architecture LCL-CustomDrawn-Android utilizes a minimal Java application which communicates with our Pascal library and sends all events to it and also obeys commands from it. The communication is done via JNI as supported by Google. The controls are not native, instead they are all drawing using TRawImage+TLazIntfImage+TLazCanvas and events and the painting are clipped using LazRegions. The drawing itself is done in Pascal using jnigraphics to draw on a Bitmap Java object which is then drawn by the minimal Java activity on a SurfaceView. Our previous and short-lived attempt to write an LCL Interface for Android (LCL-Android) utilized a non-standard method of using native executables which communicated with a Java machine via Pipes. This method was abandoned because it was considered unsupported by Google. It is considered obsolete and people should use LCL-CustomDrawn-Android instead. This older interface was documented in Android Interface. Roadmap Part 1, until March 2012: 1. Build the set of Lazarus Custom Drawn Controls 2. Initial bindings for the Android APIs 3. Create an application to automatically generate the bindings 4. Start the new widgetset 5. Implement support for JNI 6. Merge the Lazarus Custom Drawn Controls into the LCL and use them to implement all basic controls 7. Add text support for Android 8. Implement basic window client area scrolling 9. Add mobile emulator for desktop platforms 10. Improve the mobile scrolling 11. Add text support in X11 12. Add DPI awareness and adaptation in the LCL 13. Add non-native text support via pasfreetype Part 2: April, May, June 2012: 1. TButton improve the Android visual 2. TBitBtn 3. TRadioButton finish the native look 4. Calendar dialog -> Problematic as the LCL has no calendar dialog, it just opens a normal form and puts a calendar on it, so we need a TCDCalendar widget 5. MaskEdit 6. Improve TComboBox 7. TMemo 8. TListView as a list with columns 9. TMainMenu 10. Database with sqlite 11. Barcode reading 12. Windows add-on installer 13. Using the Android SDK, Emulator and Phones Custom Drawn Interface/Using the Android SDK, Emulator and Phones Android Programming Configuring the Free Pascal Compiler for Android NOTE: The cross-compiler instructions below are probably obsolete, since support for the Android target is present in the trunk (development) version 2.7.1 of FPC. Here are up to date instructions: building a cross-compiler for Android target. Use the ready Virtual Box Image with FPC and Lazarus The fastest way to configure Free Pascal and Lazarus for Android development is simply using a pre- configured virtual machine image which already includes Mageia Linux 1, KDE, Lazarus 0.9.31, Subversion, Free Pascal for both x86-linux and arm-linux (targetting Android), the Android SDK, the Android NDK, Java, Ant, Gtk2 and all it's development packages, the GNU debugger (GDB), subversion and everything else necessary for building Android applications with Lazarus. The download like for the virtual machine image is: https://sourceforge.net/projects/p- tools/files/Lazarus_for_Android_VM_Image/snapshot_30_dez_2011/ (warning: the VirtualBox image was created using the Mac OS X default Zip utility and not all zip applications can handle it. The Mac OS X default zip application can, and PeaZip too and WinRAR too. Both 7-Zip and the Windows 7 default unzipper fail. The virtual machine image is composed by two files: “Android Devel VM.vbox” and “Android Devel VM.hdd”. Both need to be located in the same folder and also note that the source forge download is a zipped file, so it needs to be unzipped. After unzipping the VM image has 5,2GB. To use this virtual machine one should install Virtual Box and then use it to open the .vbox file. Then one can already use this Linux virtual machine to build Android applications. The process of building an application involves first opening Lazarus and building the application in Lazarus, for example the example project available on ~/Programas/lazarus/example/androidlcl/ and then going into the Linux terminal, navigating to ~/Programas/lazarus/example/androidlcl/android and issuing the command “ant debug” which will generate the APK file in ~/Programas/ lazarus/example/androidlcl/android/bin/LCLExample-debug.apk. There are two users in the virtual machine: “root” and “pascaldev” and both of them use the password “root”. Note that the virtual machine contains the Lazarus source code from when it was created, but one can also use svn update to get the latest code. Note that this involves some risks, however, as the trunk version might ocasionally contain problems. Building the compiler yourself in Windows Step 1 - Install the Android SDK and NDK Download from Google and install both the SDK and the NDK for Windows. Check your path to the binutils installed by the NDK. For example, for NDK r7 installed in C:\Programas\android-ndk-r7\ the path is C:\Programas\android-ndk-r7\toolchains\arm-linux- androideabi-4.4.3\prebuilt\windows\bin Also check your path to the libraries installed by the NDK. For example, for NDK r7 installed in C:\Programas\android-ndk-r7\ the path is C:\Programas\android-ndk-r7\platforms\android-8\arch- arm\usr Step 2 - Download FPC 2.5.1 from January 19th Create a folder to store the FPC trunk source code and checkout revision 16790 Or if you want support for database and many other nice fixes use the branch fpc4android from here: svn co https://p-tools.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/p-tools/fpc4android fpc4android Step 3 - Install FPC 2.4.4 An easy way to obtain a good FPC 2.4.4 is installing Lazarus 0.9.30.2. For example, let's say you install this Lazarus version in C:\Programas\lazarusfpc244 Step 4 - Create the build script and built it Create the output directory, for example: C:\Programas\fpcandroid\output Next create a file called build.bat in the fpc root folder, in our example C:\Programas\fpcandroid and copy to it: SET PATH=C:\Programas\lazarusfpc244\fpc\2.4.4\bin\i386-win32\ make crossinstall CPU_TARGET=arm OS_TARGET=linux CROSSBINDIR=C:\Programas\android- ndk-r7\toolchains\arm-linux-androideabi-4.4.3\prebuilt\windows\bin OPT=-dFPC_ARMEL BINUTILSPREFIX=arm-linux-androideabi- INSTALL_PREFIX=C:\Programas\fpcandroid\output pause Next run this batch script and you should have FPC installed into C:\Programas\fpcandroid\output Step 5 - Copy some cross-binutils into the bin dir You now should have a FPC binary in C:\Programas\fpcandroid\output\bin\i386-win32 Now get these 3 files: C:\Programas\android-ndk-r7\toolchains\arm-linux-androideabi-4.4.3\prebuilt\windows\bin\arm-linux- androideabi-as.exe C:\Programas\android-ndk-r7\toolchains\arm-linux-androideabi- 4.4.3\prebuilt\windows\bin\arm-linux-androideabi-ld.exe C:\Programas\android-ndk-r7\toolchains\arm- linux-androideabi-4.4.3\prebuilt\windows\bin\arm-linux-androideabi-strip.exe And copy and then rename to have: C:\Programas\fpcandroid\output\bin\i386-win32\arm-linux-as.exe C:\Programas\fpcandroid\output\bin\i386-win32\arm-linux-ld.exe C:\Programas\fpcandroid\output\bin\i386-win32\arm-linux-strip.exe Step 6 - Merge this into a Lazarus FPC setup Let's say you have the following Lazarus C:\Programas\lazarus31 with the following fpc installed inside it: C:\Programas\lazarus31\fpc\2.6.1\bin\i386-win32 and C:\Programas\lazarus31\fpc\2.6.1\units\ Now create a directory C:\Programas\lazarus31\fpc\2.5.1\units\arm-linux and copy C:\Programas\fpcandroid\output\units\arm-linux there Copy all .exe files from C:\Programas\fpcandroid\output\bin\i386-win32\ into C:\Programas\lazarus31\fpc\2.6.1\bin\i386-win32 (! copy the exe-files to FPC 2.6.1 !) Now you can already build the example project androidlcltest.lpi using the Windows-Release build mode Using the pre-compiled compiler in Windows
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