Office of the Historian U.S. House of Representatives https://history.house.gov

Changes in State Delegation Party Majorities Last updated January 5, 2021

Last Democratic Majority Last Republican Majority Last One-Party Delegation

Congress Congress Congress

Democrats Democrats Democrats

Republicans Republicans Republicans Independent/3rd Party Independent/3rd State Party Independent/3rd Alabama 4 3 0 104th (1995–1997) 1 6 0 117th (2021–2023) 8 0 88th (1963–1965) Alaska 1 0 0 92nd (1971–1973) 0 1 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 1 117th (2021–2023) Arizona1 5 4 0 117th (2021–2023) 4 5 0 115th (2017–2019) 0 4 102nd (1991–1993) Arkansas 3 1 0 111th (2009–2011) 0 4 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 4 117th (2021–2023) California2 42 11 0 117th (2021–2023) 25 26 0 104th (1995–1997) 0 8 61st (1909-1911) Colorado 4 3 0 117th (2021–2023) 3 4 0 115th (2017–2019) 4 0 89th (1965–1967) Connecticut 5 0 0 117th (2021–2023) 2 3 0 109th (2005–2007) 5 0 117th (2021–2023) Delaware 1 0 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 1 0 111th (2009–2011) 1 0 117th (2021–2023) Florida 12 7 0 100th (1987–1989) 11 16 0 117th (2021–2023) 8 0 83rd (1953–1955) Georgia3 7 4 0 103rd (1993–1995) 6 8 0 117th (2021–2023) 10 0 95th (1977–1979) Hawaii4 2 0 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 1 0 101st (1989–1991) 2 0 117th (2021–2023) Idaho5 2 0 0 102nd (1991–1993) 0 2 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 2 117th (2021–2023) Illinois6 13 5 0 117th (2021–2023) 8 11 0 112th (2011–2013) 0 22 54th (1895–1897) Indiana7 5 4 0 111th (2009–2011) 2 7 0 117th (2021–2023) 11 0 74th (1935–1937) Iowa 3 1 0 116th (2019–2021) 1 3 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 5 104th (1995–1997) Kansas8 5 3 0 65th (1917–1919) 1 3 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 4 115th (2017–2019) Office of the Historian U.S. House of Representatives https://history.house.gov

Last Democratic Majority Last Republican Majority Last One-Party Delegation

Congress Congress Congress

Democrats Democrats Democrats

Republicans Republicans Republicans Independent/3rd Party Independent/3rd State Party Independent/3rd Kentucky 4 2 0 103rd (1993–1995) 1 5 0 117th (2021–2023) 9 0 73rd (1933–1935) Louisiana 4 3 0 104th (1995–1997) 1 4 0 117th (2021–2023) 8 0 92nd (1971–1973) Maine9 2 0 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 2 0 99th (1985–1987) 2 0 117th (2021–2023) Maryland10 7 1 0 117th (2021–2023) 3 4 0 104th (1995–1997) 7 0 86th (1959–1961) Massachusetts11 9 0 0 117th (2021–2023) 6 8 0 83rd (1953–1955) 9 0 117th (2021–2023) Michigan12 8 7 0 111th (2009–2011) 5 9 0 115th (2017–2019) 0 13 72nd (1931–1933) Minnesota13 5 3 0 116th (2019–2021) 3 5 0 97th (1981–1983) 0 9 71st (1929–1931) Mississippi 3 1 0 111th (2009–2011) 1 3 0 117th (2021–2023) 5 0 103rd (1993–1995) Missouri 5 4 0 106th (1999–2001) 2 6 0 117th (2021–2023) 13 0 73rd (1933–1935) Montana 1 0 0 104th (1995–1997) 0 1 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 1 117th (2021–2023) Nebraska14 4 1 0 75th (1937–1939) 0 3 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 3 117th (2021–2023) Nevada 3 1 0 117th (2021–2023) 1 3 0 114th (2015–2017) 0 2 105th (1997–1999) New Hampshire15 2 0 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 2 0 112th (2011–2013) 2 0 117th (2021–2023) New Jersey16 10 2 0 117th (2021–2023) 5 6 0 113th (2013–2015) 0 8 55th (1897–1899) New Mexico17 2 1 0 117th (2021–2023) 1 2 0 110th (2007–2009) 3 0 116th (2019–2021) New York18 19 7 0 117th (2021–2023) 20 21 0 88th (1963–1965) N/A N/A North Carolina 7 6 0 112th (2011–2013) 5 8 0 117th (2021–2023) 12 0 82nd (1951–1953) North Dakota 1 0 0 111th (2009–2011) 0 1 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 1 117th (2021–2023) Ohio 10 8 0 111th (2009–2011) 4 12 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 22 67th (1921–1923) Office of the Historian U.S. House of Representatives https://history.house.gov

Last Democratic Majority Last Republican Majority Last One-Party Delegation

Congress Congress Congress

Democrats Democrats Democrats

Republicans Republicans Republicans Independent/3rd Party Independent/3rd State Party Independent/3rd Oklahoma 4 2 0 103rd (1993–1995) 0 5 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 5 117th (2021–2023) Oregon19 4 1 0 117th (2021–2023) 1 2 0 93rd (1973–1975) 4 0 96th (1979–1981) Pennsylvania20 9 8 0 116th (2019–2021) 5 13 0 115th (2017–2019) 0 35 71st (1929–1931) Rhode Island21 2 0 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 2 0 101st (1989–1991) 2 0 117th (2021–2023) South Carolina22 4 2 0 102nd (1991–1993) 1 6 0 117th (2021–2023) 6 0 89th (1965–1967) South Dakota 1 0 0 111th (2009–2011) 0 1 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 1 117th (2021–2023) Tennessee 5 4 0 111th (2009–2011) 2 7 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 8 41st (1869–1871) Texas 17 15 0 108th (2003–2005) 13 23 0 117th (2021–2023) 23 0 89th (1965–1967) Utah 2 1 0 103rd (1993–1995) 0 4 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 4 117th (2021–2023) Vermont 1 0 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 1 0 101st (1989–1991) 1 0 117th (2021–2023) Virginia 7 4 0 117th (2021–2023) 4 7 0 115th (2017–2019) 9 0 82nd (1951–1953) Washington23 7 3 0 117th (2021–2023) 3 6 0 105th (1997–1999) 6 0 77th (1941–1943) West Virginia 2 1 0 111th (2009–2011) 0 3 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 3 117th (2021–2023) Wisconsin 5 3 0 111th (2009–2011) 3 5 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 10 80th (1947–1949) Wyoming 1 0 0 95th (1977–1979) 0 1 0 117th (2021–2023) 0 1 117th (2021–2023)

Office of the Historian U.S. House of Representatives https://history.house.gov

Sources consulted:

Kenneth C. Martis, The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the Congress, 1789–1989th (New York: MacMillan, 1989).

Congressional Directory (Washington, DC: Government Publishing Office, various editions).

Biographical Directory of the , 1774–Present, https://bioguide.congress.gov.

Office of the Historian, U.S. House of Representatives, “Vacancies and Successors, 1997 to Present.”

Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives, “Official List of Members by State,” https://clerk.house.gov/.

[1] Arizona had a one-party delegation for a brief period during the 102nd Congress, after the resignation of Morris Udall (D) and before the special election of Ed Pastor (D) to fill the vacancy. The last time a one-party Arizona delegation was elected on Election Day was in 1950, when voters chose 2 Democrats to serve in the 82nd Congress.

[2] 's last Republican majority was in the 104th Congress. Democrats started with a narrow majority on Opening Day. But when Norman Mineta (D) resigned and Tom Campbell (R) won a special election to succeed him, the delegation was split, 26 to 26. Later, Walter Tucker III (D) resigned and left Republicans with a slim majority before the special election of Juanita Millender-McDonald (D) to fill Tucker’s vacancy. The last majority-Republican California delegation elected on Election Day was in 1956 when voters chose a delegation of 17 Republicans and 13 Democrats for the 85th Congress.

[3] Georgia’s House delegation was last tied 6-6 in the 111th Congress after the resignation of Nathan Deal (R) and before the special election of Tom Graves (R) to fill the vacancy.

[4] ’s House delegation was last tied 1-1 in the 111th Congress after the resignation of (D) and the special election of Charles Djou (R). Hawaii’s House delegation had a 1-0 Republican majority for a brief period in the 101st Congress after the resignation of (D) and before the special election of (D) to fill the vacancy. The last majority-Republican Hawaii delegation elected on Election Day was in 1954 when voters chose Mary Farrington (R) as the territory’s lone Delegate for the 84th Congress, before Hawaii was a state.

[5] Idaho’s House delegation was last tied 1-1 in the 111th Congress.

[6] In the 54th Congress, two Illinois seats were initially held by Democrats, but both Members lost election contests, resulting in an all-Republican state delegation. Office of the Historian U.S. House of Representatives https://history.house.gov

[7] Indiana’s House delegation, on the opening day of the 74th Congress, was all-Democrat due to the death of the state's sole Republican Representative- elect, Frederick Landis, before the start of the Congress. Charles Halleck (R) was later elected in a special election to fill the vacancy. The last time a one-party Indiana delegation was elected on Election Day was in 1932 when voters sent 12 Democrats to the 73rd Congress.

[8] Kansas’s House delegation was last tied 2-2 in the 110th Congress.

[9] Maine’s House Delegation was last tied 1-1 in the 115th Congress.

[10] Maryland’s House delegation was last tied 4-4 in the 107th Congress. Maryland's House delegation had a 4-3 Republican majority for a brief period in the 104th Congress, after the resignation of Kweisi Mfume (D) and before the special election of Elijah Cummings (D) to fill the vacancy. The last majority- Republican Maryland delegation elected on Election Day was in 1952 when voters chose a delegation of 4 Republicans and 3 Democrats for the 83rd Congress.

[11] Massachusetts’s House delegation was last tied 7-7 in the 85th Congress.

[12] Michigan’s House delegation was last tied 7-7 in the 117th Congress.

[13] Minnesota’s House delegation was last tied 4-4 in the 117th Congress. Minnesota’s House delegation had a one-party delegation for a brief period in the 71st Congress, after the death of O. J. Kvale, the state's sole Farmer-Laborite Representative, and before the special election of his son, Paul Kvale (Farmer- Laborite), to fill the vacancy. The last time a one-party Minnesota delegation was elected on Election Day was in 1920 when voters chose 10 Republicans to serve in the 67th Congress.

[14] Nebraska’s House delegation was last tied 2-2 in the 86th Congress.

[15] New Hampshire’s House delegation was last tied 1-1 in the 114th Congress.

[16] New Jersey’s House delegation was last tied 6-6 in the 114th Congress. Republicans briefly held a 6-5 Republican majority in the 113th Congress, after the resignation of Robert Andrews (D) and before the special election of Donald Norcross (D) to fill the vacancy. The last time a majority-Republican New Jersey delegation was elected on Election Day was in 1996 when voters chose 7 Republicans and 6 Democrats for the 105th Congress.

[17] New Mexico’s House delegation was last tied 1-1 for a brief period in the 115th Congress, after the resignation of Michelle Luhan Grisham (D).

[18] New York has never had a one-party delegation.

[19] Oregon’s House delegation was last tied 2-2 for a brief period in the 104th Congress, after the resignation of Ron Wyden (D) and before the special election of Earl Blumenauer (D) to fill the vacancy. Oregon’s House delegation had a 2-1 Republican majority for a brief period in the 93rd Congress, after the resignation of Edith Green (D). The last time a majority-Republican Oregon delegation was elected on Election Day was in 1954 when voters chose 3 Republicans and 1 Democrat to serve in the 84th Congress. Office of the Historian U.S. House of Representatives https://history.house.gov

[20] Pennsylvania’s House delegation was last tied 9-9 in the 117th Congress. Pennsylvania’s House delegation had a 9-8 Democratic majority for a brief period in the 116th Congress, after the resignation of Tom Marino (R) and before the special election of Fred Keller (R) to fill the vacancy. The last time a majority- Democratic Pennsylvania delegation was elected on Election Day was in 2008 when voters chose 12 Democrats and 7 Republicans to serve in the 111th Congress. Pennsylvania's last one-party delegation was in the 71st Congress, after the death of the state's sole Democrat, John Casey. The last time a one-party Pennsylvania delegation was elected on Election Day was in 1924 when voters chose 36 Republicans to serve in the 69th Congress.

[21] Rhode Island’s House delegation was last tied 1-1 in the 103rd Congress.

[22] South Carolina’s House delegation was last tied 3-3 in the 103rd Congress.

[23] Washington’s House delegation was last tied 4-4 for a brief period in the 112th Congress after the resignation of Jay Inslee (D) and before the special election of Suzan DelBene (D) to fill the vacancy.