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Unitarian Members of Parliament in the Nineteenth Century
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Stirling Online Research Repository Unitarian Members of Parliament in the Nineteenth Century A Catalogue D. W. Bebbington Professor of History, University of Stirling The catalogue that follows contains biographical data on the Unitarians who sat in the House of Commons during the nineteenth century. The main list, which includes ninety-seven MPs, is the body of evidence on which the paper on „Unitarian Members of Parliament in the Nineteenth Century‟ is based. The paper discusses the difficulty of identifying who should be treated as a Unitarian, the criterion chosen being that the individual appears to have been a practising adherent of the denomination at the time of his service in parliament. A supplementary list of supposed Unitarian MPs, which follows the main list, includes those who have sometimes been identified as Unitarians but who by this criterion were not and some who may have been affiliated to the denomination but who were probably not. The borderline is less sharp than might be wished, and, when further research has been done, a few in each list may need to be transferred to the other. Each entry contains information in roughly the same order. After the name appear the dates of birth and death and the period as an MP. Then a paragraph contains general biographical details drawn from the sources indicated at the end of the entry. A further paragraph discusses religious affiliation and activities. Unattributed quotations with dates are from Dod’s Parliamentary Companion, as presented in Who’s Who of British Members of Parliament. -
Voting Patterns in the Cave Family, 1800-1865
Trading Stories, Working Lives Graham Barker pores over poll books to discover the politics of his ancestors, the Cave family of St Mary’s ‘Never discuss politics or religion’ advises the old adage; and as we’ve seen from the Brexit vote, politics has the potential to divide families and finish friendships. So I feel somewhat intrusive as I work my way through poll books, trying to piece together the voting patterns of my ancestors, four generations of the Cave family from 1800-1865. On the face of it, the Caves were unremarkable – framework knitters and loom hands, living amongst the courtyards and side streets of St Mary’s parish – but by virtue of them being freemen of Leicester, and therefore having the right to vote, I’m hoping to get an insight into their political thinking. But surely a person’s vote should be between them and their conscience, not a matter for public scrutiny? Remarkably, prior to the introduction of secret ballots in 1872, individual electors’ votes were published as a matter of public record, and there was scope for all manner of interference from family, employers or landlords. Were my ancestors Tories or Whigs, I wonder? I trawl through 15 or so poll books – variously available at Leicestershire Records Office, and online at Ancestry and Find My Past – and try to seek out patterns. Along the way, I encounter tales of excessive election expenses, sleazy tactics and ‘fake news’. The techniques and technology may have changed over the past 200 years, but in many ways the controversies are still familiar today. -
THE BIGGS FAMILY of LEICESTER by R.H.EVANS
THE BIGGS FAMILY OF LEICESTER by R.H.EVANS The attempts of historians to rescue from oblivion the names of lesser men prompted a bitter comment from the poet Cowper: Oh fond attempt to give a deathless lot To names ignoble, born to be forgot! In vain, recorded in historic page, They court the notice of a future age: Those twinkling tiny lustres of the land Drop one by one from Fame's neglecting hand: Lethaean gulphs receive them as they fall, And dark oblivion soon absorbs them all.1 Outside Leicester, oblivion has indeed absorbed the reputation of the Biggs family; few, apart from professional historians, are likely to be aware of the leading part the family took in the political and commercial life of this town between the two · Reform Acts. Connoisseurs of our local history will, no doubt, have picked up the four references made to the family in the Life of Thomas Cooper, the Chartist, and will certainly be aware of the frequency with which they are mentioned in the relevant chapters of the Victoria History of the County of Leicester, and the valuable pages of A. Temple Patterson's Radical Leicester.2 Yet, in the minds of the general public, even in Leicester, the name of Biggs is probably preserved from the "Lethaean gulphs" not by anything "recorded in historic page", but by more solid and demonstrative evidence-that of a public monument, the statue of John Biggs, which looks out over Welford Place as it did when first unveiled nearly one hundred years ago.3 Public memorials to local notables have been rare in Leicester and the statue of John Biggs commands deeper respect as a rarity even among them. -
The Radical Experiment in Liverpool and Its Influence on the Reform Movement in the Early Victorian Period
THE RADICAL EXPERIMENT IN LIVERPOOL AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE REFORM MOVEMENT IN THE EARLY VICTORIAN PERIOD Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy by Anthony Nicholas Foggo School of Histories, Languages and Cultures April 2015 ii Declaration I hereby declare that the work within this thesis was entirely composed by myself and does not include material previously published. Anthony Nicholas Foggo iii iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis has been a long voyage for all concerned. In the best tradition of Cavafy there has always been a destination in mind but arrival there has not been something to be hurried: much better for the journey to last years, so that when you finally reach port you are old but have grown rich with all that has been learned along the way. Consequently, I owe a vast debt to my supervisors who, whilst not discouraging me from pursuing avenues that will at some point in the future deliver additional fruits, have gently steered me in the proclaimed direction and stuck with it for many years. To John Belchem, who accompanied me almost to journey’s end, I am grateful for widening my historiographical aspirations and instilling in me a regard for “proper history”. To Graeme Milne, who has sailed with me for the entire journey, I can only express my amazement at his stamina and gratitude for his having ensured that the final stages were completed with due rigour. To Will Ashworth, who has welcomed me at his seminars and latterly, as a supervisor, has provided a timely reminder that research should always be an enjoyable process, I am also most grateful. -
Bulletin 105 1
GREATER WIGSTON HISTORICAL SOCIETY White Gate Lodge, 97 Newton Lane, Wigston Magna, Leics. BULLETIN 105 1st JULY 2016 PROPERTY OF GWHS Foxton Locks Basin by Linda Forryan PROGRAMME OF MEETINGS – AUGUST 2016 TO JUNE 2017 Wednesday 17th August 2016 Leicestershire & Rutland Photographers 1839-1939 – Mark Gamble 7.30p.m. the Dining Room, Age UK, Paddock Street, Wigston Wednesday 21st September 2016 The History of Leicester Prison – Richard Foster 7.30p.m. the Dining Room, Age UK, Paddock Street, Wigston PROPERTYWednesday 18th October 2016 Leicester City Football Club, with Wigston connections – John Hutchinson 7.30p.m. the Dining Room, Age UK, Paddock Street, Wigston Wednesday 16th November 2016 Leicester in World War II, Hidden Histories – Vince Holyoak 7.30p.m. the Dining Room, Age UK, Paddock Street, Wigston Wednesday 21st December 2016 Victorian Christmases in Leicester – Cynthia Brown 7.30p.m. the Dining Room, Age UK, Paddock Street, Wigston Wednesday 18th January 2017 Rise & Fall of Leicester’s Trams – Malcolm Riddle 7.30p.m. the Dining Room, Age UK, Paddock Street, Wigston Wednesday 15th February 2017 AGM followed by a Quiz - Virginia Wright, Leicester Blue Badge Guide 7.30p.m. the Dining Room, Age UK, Paddock Street,OF Wigston Wednesday 15th March 2017 Belgrave Churchyard, Living Memories – Sandra Moore (in costume) 7.30p.m. the Dining Room, Age UK, Paddock Street, Wigston GWHS Wednesday 19th April 2017 The Victorian Army, the men & campaigns – Jed Jaggard (in costume) 7.30p.m. the Dining Room, Age UK, Paddock Street, Wigston Wednesday 17th May 2017 Coach Trip – To be advised Wednesday 21st June 2017 Guided Walk – To be advised The Bulletin is published three times a year on 1st March, July and November. -
Unitarian Members of Parliament in the Nineteenth Century
Unitarian Members of Parliament in the Nineteenth Century D. W. Bebbington Professor of History, University of Stirling In 1857 the bustling industrial city of Manchester was divided by a fiercely fought election. The contest did not divide Liberal from Conservative, as might be expected in the mid-nineteenth century, but Liberal from Liberal. The sitting members, John Bright and Thomas Milner Gibson, were believers not only in the principle of free trade under which Manchester’s cotton mills flourished but also in the associated axiom of a pacific foreign policy. Trade would prosper, they held, if Britain avoided bellicose gestures such as those beloved of the Prime Minister, Lord Palmerston. Bright, a Quaker, opposed all aggression; Milner Gibson had just seconded a parliamentary motion censuring Palmerston’s aggressive Chinese policy. Bright and Milner Gibson represented the classic position of the Manchester school of politicians. They were challenged, however, by two local men without previous parliamentary experience. James Aspinall Turner was a cotton manufacturer who held, in the manner of Palmerston, that Britain should have ‘means of defence against injury or insult’ by foreign nations.1 Sir John Potter, a cotton merchant and a former mayor of Manchester, shared that view. They were duly elected in a Palmerstonian victory at the polls that allowed the Prime Minister to continue in office. The outcome of the Manchester contest was seen a major setback on the national stage for the more pacific and progressive type of Liberalism. 2 The event aroused particular acrimony. Turner was an angular man who, according to a sympathetic obituarist, often forgot ‘the suavity which lessens the painfulness of a blow, and was not quick in seeking reconcilement’;2 Potter was resented as something of a snob who had ostentatiously hosted the Tory Duke of Newcastle. -
THE HISTORY of PARLIAMENT TRUST Review of Activities in The
THE HISTORY OF PARLIAMENT TRUST Review of activities in the year 2009-10 Annual review - 1 - Editorial Board Oct 2010 Objectives and Activities of the History of Parliament Trust The History of Parliament is a major academic project to create a scholarly reference work describing the members, constituencies and activities of the Parliament of England and the United Kingdom. The volumes either published or in preparation cover the House of Commons from 1386 to 1868 and the House of Lords from 1660 to 1832. They are widely regarded as an unparalleled source for British political, social and local history. The volumes consist of detailed studies of elections and electoral politics in each constituency, and of closely researched accounts of the lives of everyone who was elected to Parliament in the period, together with surveys drawing out the themes and discoveries of the research and adding information on the operation of Parliament as an institution. Twenty-eight volumes covering eight periods have already been published. They deal with 1386-1421, 1509-1558, 1558-1603, 1660-1690, 1690-1715, 1715-1754, 1754-1790 and 1790- 1820: in all about 20 million words, 20,000 pages, 17,000 biographies, covering 281 years of parliamentary history. With the exception of the 1690-1715 volumes published in 2002, the other twenty-three volumes with revisions and additional material were reissued in 1998 as a CD-ROM in collaboration with Cambridge University Press. The History’s staff of professional historians is currently researching the House of Commons in the periods: 1422-1504, 1604-1629, 1640-1660, 1820-1832 and 1832-1868.