Vol. II, No. 6 Issued Weekly by the National Recovery Administration, Washington February 8, 1935 I
Auto Industry Is Board Bans Use of" Shop" Employment Provisions ·of Granted Code to Avoid Code Homework Provisions Prohibitions Codes Discussed at Hearings Extension The National Industrial Recovery Board has issued an administrative in Organized Labor Presents Views Calling for a Reduction of Executive Order Calls for Overtime terpretation that use of "shops" set up in private apartments, rooms, or the Basic Maximum Work Week Hours to 30; Industry Wage Rate for Work Done living quarters is a violation of indus Over 48 Hours a Week try Codes having provisions for the Contends Move Would Not Absorb Unemployed abolition of homework. Although no complete statistics are and Would Lower Living Standard of Those Presidential approval of an amendment to available, it Is estimated that several the Code of fair competition for the automo llUndred tbonsand workers are all'ected Millions Now Employed bile manufacturing intlu try was granted in by the approximately 100 Codes with prohibitions against homework. an Executive order, January 31, 1935. Leaders of organized labor and industry and represe~tatives of the con The amendment provides for: In Administl'fitive Onler X-134 the Board interpr>tecl the phrase "home sumer made oral statements and filed briefs during the National Industrial An extension of the Code until June 16, or li\•ing quarters" appearing in Codes Recovery Board's public hearings on employment provisions in Codes which 1935, or until the emergency has ended; providing for the abolition of home Payment of time and a half overtime rates work. It means "the private house began J an~ary 30, and continued through February 2. ' for nil work done by employees over 48 hours Pl'ivate apartment, or privnte room' A d~II?and for a 30-ho';lr week was presented basic and the more fundamental purposes of a '''eek; whichever is the most extensive, occu: by Wilii_Hm Green, president of the American the recovery program", and that the faults Authorization of members of the indust'ry pied as a home by the employee and/or Federation of Labor, and supported by John under the present administrative set-u p were to agree runong themselves to announce new his family.'' L. Lewis, pre!lident of the United Mine Work- due to the lack of benefit "of full participa- ers of America; tbe Reverend Father Francis tion of organized labor in Code making and automobile models in the fall of the year, as The administrative order stated that " the practice of processing articles, the J. Haas, of the National Oatholic School of in Code administration." a means of facilitating regularization of em material for which has been furnished Soci~l Service; Miss Rose Sch.1eiderman, "I need remind no one", Mr. Green con- ployment; by 'the employer, whether performed in president of the National Women's TI·ade tinned, "that the National Industrial Recov- Confirmation and continuation of the auto the home or living quarters of the em Union Leagu~; David Dubinsky, president of ery Act was, in a large sense, a substitute mobile labor board, as a means for the settle ployee, or the so-called shop, operated the. Internatwnal Ladies Garment Workers measure for the 30-hour bill, which had ment of labor controversies. within the home or living quarters of Umon; Arthur 0. Wharton, president of the already passed the Senate by an overwhelm Te.'l:t of the Executive order and the state the employees, as the term • home or Intern.ational Association of Machinists; ing vote when the recovery bill was introduced ment of the Pre iclent in connection there living quarters' is defined, constitutes Fra~c1s J. Gorman, .. international first vice in the House early in 1933. Nor do I need to prest~ent of the Umted Textile Workers of say that labor expected the act with are as follows : a violation of Codes which provide for * * • to the abolition of homework, except as Amenca, and others. accomplish substantially the same results as "An application having been duly made in provided in Executive Order 6711-A Industry was represented by Ralph El. those which would have been accomplished ~y llehalf of the automobile manufacturing in dated !\lay 15, !1934." ' Flanders, machine manufacturer; W. R. Web- the 30-hour week bill, bad that bill become dustr:~::, pursuant to and in full compliance That Executive order permits persons ster, brass manufacturer; Robert West, tex- law. . with the pro\•isions of title I of the National · to engage in homewoi·k at the same tiles; H. H. Anderson, oil production; Noel Supports 30-Hour Bill Industrial Recovery Act, approved June 16, rate of wages as is paid for the same Sargent, economist; Hal B. Moore, woolen type of work performed in the factory, mill; Frederic,k W. Aldred, retailer; Charles "The American Federation of Labor is this 1933, and the provisions of the Code of fair year supporting with all strength at its com competition for the automobile manufactur If an employment certificate is obtained R. Hook, steel; Roscoe Edlund, consumer; C. H. Janssen, foodstuffs; Prof. 0. G. Saxon, mand the Black-Connery bill, providing for a ing industry duly approved on August 2-6, from the United States Department of Labor, and provided the person is phys business administration, Yale University; 80-hour week. It is taking this action prima 1933, for my approval of an amendment to ically incapacitated, or is needed at Peter Van Horn, silk industry, and others. rlly because the recovery program has not ful said Code of fair competition for the automo home for attendance upon an invalid, filled what labor considered its two primary bile manufacturing industry, and it having or bedridden. It does not apply to Codes Procedure is Outlined purposes-a reduction in the hours of work been found that the said proposed amend In opening the hearings, Ohairman S. Olay sufficient to absorb at least a majority of the covering food or allled products trades, unemployed, and an Increase in mass purchas ment complies in all respects with the perti industries or subdivisions, which con Williams, of the Board, announced the pro tain provisions prohibiting the manu cedure would be limited to consideration of ing power sufficient to create a market fer t.~ nent provisions of title I of said act and that products of industry and to give the workers the requirements of clauses .fl) and (2) of facture and/or processing of food prod the general aspects of employment provisions, not including section 7 (a) of theN. I. R. A., of this country the minimum goods and serv subsection (a) of section 3 of said act have ucts in homes. The text of the interpretation order and there wonld be no consideration of the ices to Which any human being is entitled. been met, and the National Industrial Recov is as follows : advisability of amending or modifying any "I submit first of all that a drastic reduc ery Board having made certain recommenda tion in the hours of work fixed by the Codes INTERPRETATION.- Application particular Code. tions to me: The Board's present position, Mr. Williams must be made, if we are to meet our problem of homework provisions as contained of unemployment. • • • Until we solve it, "~ow, THEREFORE, I, Franklin D. Roosevelt, said, is that a minimum-wage structure is in various Codes. we can hope for little in the way of recov President <;~f the United States, pursuant to socially beneficial not only as a safeguard to FACTS.-Complaints have been re the worker but also as a wage floor for the ery. • • • I believe sincerely that the the authonty vested in me by title I of the adoption of the 30-hour week in Codes of fair National Industrial Recovery Act, approved ceived that certain employees are en operation of tbe competitive system and there gaged in the practice of processing arti fore should be maintained. competition would solve this problem, would Jll;De 16, ~933.' and otherwise, order that the return to industry the major portion of our smd applicatiOn be, _and it is hereby, ap. cles, the material for which has been He pointed out that it is important "to de furnished by the employer, such proc termine the effect which inequalities in wages unemployed and would be the first step in the Pr?ved, and that, effective immediately the creation of the purchasing power' which is said. Code of fair competition for the ~uta essing being performed either in the above the minimum have upon competitive home or living quaxters of the em and other conditions and to ascertain what essential to recovery." mobile manufacturing industry be, and it is Answering a question by Blackwell Smith, hereby, amended as follows: ployee, or in a so-called shop operated the solution should be. * • • That geo within the home or living quarters of graphic and population and other wage dif counsel and ex-officio board member, as to "1. In article I, the seventh paragraph how a drastic limitation of bours, with com which has heretofore read as follows : ' the employee. ferentials, being concomitants of our indus QUESTION.-!. What is meant by trial developments, are to be treated as pensating pay increase, would effect unit cost "'The term "expiration date" as used of production, Mr. Green said: herein means February 1, 1935, or the earli "home or living quarters" as the term siguificant realities of the present situation." is used in Codes of fair competition The chairman urged that these "call for "We have shifted from the 12-hour day to est date prior thereto on which the President the 10-hout day and from the 10-hour day to shall by proclamation or the Co1.:gress shall which provide 'for the abolition of home constructive treatment of a character which work? will not violently disrupt productive and em the 8-hour day, and, strange and contradictory by joint resolution declare that the emer as it may seem, we have reduced unit costs gency recognized by section 1 of the 1ational 2. Does the practice noted above ployment conditions." He declared that the under "facts" constitute a violation maximum-hour provisions of the Codes "have as we have shifted. • ~ * Because of the ~ndush·ial Recovery Act has ended.' efficiency of the worker developed during the shall be modified to read as follows : of such Cocles of fair competition? made a definite contribution of reemployment and that the principle of limitation of hours shorter work week, and the resourcefulness of "'The term "expiration date" as used INTERPRETATI0N.-1. The term management, we will find within a very short herein means June 16, 1935, or the earliest "home or living quarters" means the should be upheld. The maximum hours limits actually set in the various Oodes may or may time that the unit cost of production will be date prior thereto on which' the President private house, private apartment, or decreased rather than increased." shall by proclamation or the Congress shall • private room, whichever is the most not be the gest or optimum limits. However, any suggestion for change either in the direc Again answering a question propounded by by joint resolution declare that the emer extensive, occupied as a home by the Mr. Smith, the labor leader asserted it was his gency recognized by section 1 of the National , employee and/or his family. tion of shortening or of lengthening the work week should be supported by e:vidence." opinion that a basic shorter work week and. Industrial Recovery Act bas ended:' 2. The practice of processing arti the shorter work day should be established in "2. Work by an employee in excess of 48 cles, the material for which has been :• Speaking generally with respect to the bou rs and wages provisions of the Codes," he all lines of industry. hours in any week shall be paid for at the furnished by the employer, whether "I do not mean that it should be applied in rate of time and one-half for such overtime. perfoiwed in the home or living quar added, "greater simplicity, flexibility and uniformity are possible and desirable. These a rigid way", he explained, "because it ap Any pro,·ision of said Code inconsistent here ters of the employee, or the so-called pears to me in the establishment of the basic With is hereby modified to conform to this shop operated witbin the home or liv should be secured under conditions which will safeguard labor, facilitate the operations of 30-hour week that some fiexlble plan will have requirement. This requirement shall not be ing quarters of the employee, as the to be developed so that it can be applied in a construed to authorize or permit work in term "home or living quarters" is de industry, stimulate compliance, and make for fair competitive conditions as among related fair, just and equitable, and reasonable way." ~c~ss of 48 hours when such work is pro fined herein, constitutes a violation of industries. * • • As to how to bring about this flexibility, Mr. hibited under any of the provisions of the Oodes which provide for the abolition Green suggested the creation of a national Code. of homework; except as provided in "An increased volume of production is now board with power to consider and pass upon "3. The members of the industry are re Executive Order 6711-A, dated May 15, the most important means of securing reem quested and authorized to enter into agree 1934. • ployment, and it (the Board) will welcome appeals for exemptions because of unusual evidence with respect to appropriate measures conditions. ments with one another with respect to fall for the stimulation of increased volume." announcements of new models of passenger 30-Hour Week Opposed automobiles and the holding of automobile Green is First Speaker sho.ws in the fall of the year, as a means of ber I expressed the desire that something be Ralph E. Flanders, president of the Jones facilitating regularization of employment in done to regularize employment to the end Leading off the list of speake~s. William & Lamson Machine Co., Springfield, Vt., said the industry. that the annual earnings of employees in the Green, president of the American Federation automobile plants be increased as much as of Labor, said : "The achievements of the in opposition to the 30-hour week: "* * • "4. The members of the industry will com A recovery, to be real, must be expressed in ply with the provisions and requirements for possible by steadier and more continuous NRA have been many. * • * It has dem the ,settlement of labor controversies which work throughout the year. The manufactur onstrated the basic soundness of bringing terms of an increase in the production and ~ere established by the Government and have ers bad indicated to me their serious purpose about reemployment through the shortening of distribution of goods and services. A. fur een in operation since March 1934, and to bring about a greater regulatization and I hours, of increasing the aggregate purchasing ther reduction of hours cannot possibly pro- Which are hereby confirmed and continued. was informed at that time that they were power through minimum-wage provisions and . duce such an increase. A further shortening "Th"(Signed) FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT. already engaged in studies to accomplish it. of eliminating some of the worse features of I also instit,uted an investigation by the Re cutthroat competition." would obviously produce a decrense. It would e White House, be a death blow to recovery. "January 31, 1935." search and Planning Division of NRA and " More than a million and a half wage earn In connection with signing the foregoing the Bureau of Labor Statistics to develop the ers went back to work as a result of reduced "At the peak of production in 1928 and 1929, ostarder, . the President issued the following facts which might enable me to suggest rec hours", the labor leader added. "There has with our normal productive capacity 80 per tement: · ommendations looking toward greater sta been an appreciable Increase in pay rolls as a cent engaged, with our available labor supply "Renewal of the automobile manufactur bility of automobile employment and other result of the operation of the hours provisions more than 80 percent employed at an aYerage Ing Code brings with it two distinct and im improvements in labor conditions. of the Oodes. The NRA has abolished child of hours per week at least 25 percent greater labor. It has largely eliminated home work Portant advances which are designed sub "This investigation and accompanying than the hours set by the Oodes, we were still :ntlally to improve employment conditions studies have been prosecuted diligently. In and set the sweatshGp on its road to final line with recommendations already made and extinction." unable to provide a standard of living for the this major industry. No backward steps mass of the people which was up to onr phy- aretaken with conclusions reached independently by The speaker asserted that the NRA, how (Contlnucd on p!lllc 3, column 3) "When· the Oode was renewed last NO'Vem- (Continued on palle 3, column 1) _ ever, had failed " to make effective t'be more
• l _ .... 2 THE BLUE EAGLE February 8, 1935 SCHEDULE OF CODE HEARINGS, FEBRUARY 8 TO F'EBRUARY 27
Important Information Concerning Notices of Hearings and PLACE AND DEPUTY PROPOBRD ACTION INDUSTRY OR TRADE .ADlUNlSTRATOR Opportunity to be Heard - Bearings are of two types: (1) Oral hearings, OPPORTUNITY TO BE BEARD (In writing) : Monday, Feb. 11, designated "hearing " on cnlendar; and (2) "op Facts, criticisms, objections , or s uggestions con 1935-Contd. cet·ning the s ubject matter of such notices n;>ust portunity to be heard " by the tiling of written Wire Rope and Strand Room 610, 1518 K Street Opportunity to be heard on application submitted by the IU statements of fact, briefs, or criticisms dealing be submitted on or before the final date spec1fted Manufacturing Indns· NW., Washington, D. plementary Code Authority, on behalf of certain members ortt. in the notice, addressed to the proper D eputy Ad· 0., H. Ferris White. industry who soU direct in the oil country in competition with tb: with the subject matter of such notice. try, 84-Hl-12 (Division mlnlstt·ntor or other ofl:lcin l intlicutcd. Such com of the Fabricated Metal memhers of the American petroleum distributing trade lor munica tions must state: (1) Name of industry; Products Manufacturing exemption from the provisions of sec. 4, art. VI, of the supple- The subject rna tter of these notices Is , abbre (2) nnme of corresponde nt and group represented; and Mota! Finishing and men tary Code. · viated In the schedule published below. A com ( 3) facts supporting criticisms, objections, or Metal Coating Indus plete official copy of any notice may he obtained s uggestion s. try). on reques t from the National Recovery Administra Woolens and trimmings Sun parlor, Washington Hearing on application or the divisional Code Authority on addl tiona! amendments to ar t. Ill and art. LV, or the supplementar; tion, Room 3316, Department ot Commerce Build- The subject matter re!errM to In elther t ype Distributing '£rnde <:p i Hotel, 10 a. m ., F rank o( notice may be revised in any reasonably ger vision or Wbolosahnt: E. Crockard. Code. Recon vsued hearing, adjourned from January 28. It is ing, Washington, D . C. ' lllld Distributing Trade). now proposed to consider amendment of soc. 4, art. Ill (admfn. ma ne particular on the basis of such !nets, criti- istration) and amendments to sees. 1, 2, and 3 o! art. IV (supple HEARINGS (oral) : Those wishing to be heard 1 cisms, a nd other considerations as are properly menting provisions of art. VII ol the general Coda). must file a written request with the proper Deputy before the .Administr a tor. Administrator at least 24 hours before the date Calendar I$ chronologica l, with alphabetical Tues;day, Feb. 12, 1935 set for the hearing, which request must state: arrangement by trade or industry for each clay. Colfoo Industry, 265-29____ Room 506, Barr Building, Opportunity to be hoard on application of the Code Anthoritf (1) Name of industry and elate of hearing; Washington, D. C., for the amendment or art. V ol the Code by adding a new section (2) names of persons wishing to ~estify and groups NOTE: Since a ll notices must be in the printer's hands by Fridny evening next pt·cceding the pubU· Weld M. Stevens. ~~ aY:h~e!lgnated as sec. u; providing standards of sa!ety lllld r-epresented; (3) definite alternative proposal or ca.tiou or The Blue Elagie, the calendar below does specific objections, without argument. Hearings not sh ow notices posted on the Ofl:lciai Bulletin Electric and Neon Sign In· Room 411, 1518 K Street, Opportunity to be heard on application or Code Authority for a.re confined · to factual presentation. Written Bourd after that date, nor does this calendar ebow dustry, 50&-12. Washington, D. 0., approval or its budget and basts of contribution for tbe perio4 briefs containing arguments as well as fact may other hearings for the same dates which may have C. R. Nicklason. Sept. 3, 11l34 to Mar. 31, 1935, and for termination or exemption\ appeared in prior isr.u es o·f this publication. under par. Ill of Administrative Order X -36. · be filed. Tho total budgot is $58,156.00. Basis; Each member is assessed at tho rate or ~~ or 1 percent of his total sales for 1Q33. Gross sales is defined to be gross dollar volume, i. e. sales contract value ol all PLACE AND DEPUTY INDUSTRY OR TR.I.DE PROPOSED ACTION electric Neon signs sold, routed or leased, Invoice value ol all ADMINISTRATOR tuhing and accessories sold as such, the invoice value for malnt& .nance and repair work and/or.other sales or the industry. Leather Ind111try, 21-12 __ _ Room 4036, l:)()t)artment Opp...,.-tunity to be heard on•application of tho Code Authority Friday, Feb. S, 1935 ol Oommerce1 Washing for amendment of art. XV, par. 2, providing for modltlcation and ton, D. C., Harry B. to add a new article to be designated as art. Ill-A, conrlng Roofing and Shoot Metal Room 614, Albee Building, Opportunity to be heard on appllcatiotl submitted by the dl• Berry. assessments. Contracting Industry, Washington, D. C., Yisional Code Authority Cor approval of its budget and baois o! Men's Clothing Industry, Room 4067, DeJ.)Ilrtmmt Opportunity to be heard on appliCiltion or the Code AtJthor!ty 244-H-16 (Division of Robt. N. Campbell. contribution for the period from Jo.n. 26 to Milt. 15, 1935. lHo. of Commerce, W118hlng on budget and basis or contribution far the period from Jan. 1 to Construction Industry). 'Toto! buMet is $158,100. Basis of assessment is l4 or 1 percent for ton, D . C., M. D . Vin· June 30, 1935. Nationaf Code expenses ll3Sessed on the basis <11 the provioug CGDt. The total budget for the periad &fote111ild ·iS $221,000.00. Basis or months' ~ross bu.~iness and a varying rate of assessment for State contribution: Labels sold at tl!.' t~te- of $3 and $5 per thousand. and/or regional nnd{or local Code e.'penses from ;io of 1 percent Replacement .Ax!.. Shalt Room 4310, Commerce Opportunity to be heard on R:Pplic;1tion submitted by the \ to ;~ of 1 percent in accordance with local rates as sat Cortb in Manuiacturin~: Indw Building, Washington, Code Authority for approval o( lts budget and basis of COB· exhibit D of schedule .A. attached to the budg<~t. try, lllO-B-j). D. 0., JoG. Roberts. tribution for the period from Sept. 1, 1934, to Ang. 31, 1935. Smoking Pipe Manufac 1518 K Street NW., Wash- Opportunity to be heard on application submltted by Wm. Total budget is $6,000. Basis oC contrlbtrtion Is ~ o of I percent of turing Industry, 225-23. Mcif,~~. D. 0., W. L. DeMuth & Co. New York City for exemption !rom the p ro ' the gross sales volume. visions ol art. fi/, sec. I (b) or the Code, for a period of G months1 Saddlery Mnnufacturinr; Room 4035, Commerce Opportunity to be heard on application submitted by tbe on the ground that there is no surP.lus of skilled labor experiencea Industry, 46-11. Building, W asbington, Code Authority for approval or its budtet and basts or con· in the manuJacture of pipes available in the location in which D . C., Harry S. Berry. trihutlon for tbe period !rom Jan. 1 to Junl! M, 1935. their plant is located. Total budget is $7,333.33. Basis or assessment is as follows: !II members shall be assessed ~i o or 1 percent of their sales or their Saturday Feb. 9, 1935 own manufactured saddlery sold during tbiJ period beginning Jan. 1 and ending Jnne 15. 1935, but witb t!ie provision that ·Oan Manufacturing Indus- Room 510, 1518 K Street Opportunity to be heMd an application submitted by the Code when * o or 1 percent amounts to less tban $11.4e for that period thero shall be a minimum of $11.46, and when ~~ or 1 perCODt try, 152-13. , ii."ie!~fv~t~~· D. c., Authority for the canned .almon industry, Seatt!e1 Wash., on behalf or the members of that industry located in tne Territory amounts to more than $%8.33, there shall be a maximum of ot Alaskll, for exemption trora all of the provi$lons of the Code $458.33. Cor the can manufacturers industry insofar as it ap'pfie! to Alesktut salmon packers,. manufacturing cans for their own use as an inel tl dent or their salmon canning operations. Exemption is asked until June 16, 1035. Brush Manufacturing' :m Room 402, 1518 K Street Opportunity to (;s h • • February 8, 1935 THE BLUE EAGLE 3 SCHEDULE OF HEARINGS, FEB. 8 TO 27-Con. Employment Provisions· of Codes PLACE A 'Nn D ErUTY INDUSTRY OR TRADE ADMINISTRATOR PROPOSED ACTION Discussed at Hearings Friday, Fob. 12, (Continued from page 1) 1935-Contd. commercial Relief Print Room 4064, Commerce Opportunity to be heard on o.mendment to Administrative ing Industry, 287--131. l3uildin; Wnshington, Order No. 287-315 dated Oct. 25, 193<1, by changing the proposed sical possibilities or to their deserts. By what caused further stagnation and added im D . C., l\a.. D. Walsh. Rllnun! rn~o ~f assessment to be pnld by members of this industry magic process can we hope even to equal that mensely to the country's burdens." located w1thm the fifteenth zone, whose jnrisdiclllon covers the unsatisfactory record, if we cut 40 percent John L. Lewis, president of the Unite41 States of ~nliiorrua , Nevada, and Arizona, for regiona.l Code nd mWJstratiOn axpensoo, covorlng the county of San Diego, Calif., or more off the working week, as is nO'W Mine Workers, attacked the 40-hour work from $15 for each $1,000 of n~ual mcchllllical pay roll to $18 for proposed?" week provisions in Codes on the ground th I 4 THE BLUE EAGLE February 8, 1935 BUDGETS APPROVED DURING 1934 be made prior to October 15, subsequent as the period from March 1 to tile first of the STEEL PACKAGE MANUFACTUR. sessment levied to be determined by experi month in which the budget is approved, sub ING.-Budget, $4,800, for May 26, 1934 to This is the sixth of a series of lists ence gained from first 6 montlls of budget sequent assessments to be made up monthly November 26, 1934; assessment, collected In of Code budgets approved during 1934. operations. ' tllrough the remaining budgetary period. monthly installments in proportion to th ' Another list will appear in the February Division No. 14.-Budget, $24,000; assess Division No. 34.-Budget, $44,500; assess dollar volume of yearly shipments for 19~ ment, 2 cents per ton on the estimated col of the products of the industry made by each 15 issue of the Blue Eagle. ment, 3 cents per ton based on 1933 retail sales, to be levied monthly, first assessment lectible 1933 retail sales of 2,500,000 tons. of the various companies covered by the SU() to include the mouths from March 1, 1934, Division No. 35.-Budget, $27,420; assess plementary Code, which rate is computed until tile montll in which tile budget is ment, total assessment of 2 cents per ton, to be equivalent to the annual rate of tw one-half times the norlnal rate of pay. The ardous occupations from which minors under order requires that a copy be posted in a con 18 years of age shall be excluded. Official Orders of NRA Relating ~ spicuous place in the corporation's plant or plants. JOB GALVANIZING METAL COATING INDUSTRY, Code No. 84 B-1: Order 12, to Particular Codes t7'le Order 212, granting exemption to Brohard granting a stay of tbe provisions of article IV, Rui ner Shirt Co., Cincinnnti, Ohio, from the section 1, of the Code, insofar as these provi HE Blue Eagle prints in each issue summaries of administrative p1·ovisions of article Ill, section A, and arti sions required the election of a Code Author cle V, section A, of the Code, to the extent that ity at the time of the annual meeting of the T orders, interpretations, appointments, and bylaws approved by the it Is permitted to operate its plant and worlt National Industrial Recovery Board. National Galvanize1·s Association held October the employees thereof 4 hours overtime weekly 25, 1934, and ordering that the members of Official orders are of two types, final and provisional. Where an order from December 11 up to and Including Decem the supplementary Code Authot·ity first elected ber 31, 1934, provided n II overtime in excess shall continue in their respective cnpacities as is provisional, the time within which objections may be filed is indicated · of 36 hours per week shall be paid for at the below. members of this Code Authority until June 16, rate of one and one-half times the normal mte 1935. All protests against provisional orders should be addressed to National of pny. The order requi1·es thnt li. copy be Recovery Administration, Washington, D. C., attention Deputy Admin posted in n conspicuous place in the company's LEGITIMATE FULL LENGTH DRA plant or plants. MATIC AND MUSICAL THEATRICAL istrator for Code concerned; and such protests should be received before INDUSTRY, Code No. 8: Order 10, extending final date indicated. COTTON TEXTILE INDUSTRY, Code No. the time for the committee named in Adminis 1: Order 101, granting a stay for a period of (For Code approvals, ame~dments, interpretations, budgets and trative Order No. 8-6 to make a report and 4 months f rom the date of this order, of "the · recommendations to the board for the legiti assessments, bylaws, Code Authonty members, and tr11;_de complaints and operation of the pt·ovisions of section III, sub mate full length dramatic and musical the other committees, see elsewhere.) section {c), of tlle Code, to the extent of 26 atrical industry. This extension is granted jacquard looms in each plant in the industry for a period. of 15 days from January 20, 1935. as of the date of this order. when such looms are engaged in the production of jacquard LINSEED OIL MANUFACTURING IN AIR TRANSPORT INDUSTRY, Code No. CLOTH REEL INDUSTRY, Oode No. 289: woven bedspreads, provided th!l total number DUSTRY, Code No. LP 11: Order 6, approv U1: Order 13, denying application of Branifr Order 8, terminating exemption conferred in of loom hours per week of all jacquard looms ing list of occupations deemed hazardous to Airways, Inc., Oklahoma City, Okla., for ex paragraph III of Administrative Order X-36, in a plant making jacquard woven bedspreads persons under 18 years'of age. emption from the proYisions of article III, so that all members are requi1·ed to contribute shall not exceed the total number of loom the! r proportionate share of the expenses of hours per week permitted by this section of LUMBER AND TIMBER PRODUCTS section 3, and artie!(! IV, section 1, of the Code. INDUSTRIES, Code No. 9: Order 305, a~ administering the Code. notwithstanding their the Code. proving Code Authority budget and basis of AMERICAN MATCH INDUSTRY, C.ode prin<'ipal line of business is in some other No. 195: Order 8, granting a stay, for a period industry. DOG FOOD INDUSTRY, Code No. 450: contribution for the wooden pail and tub divi of 6 months from the date of this order, of the Order 12, approving Code Authority budget sion of the WQOden package division of these operation of the provisions of section 1 {e) of COLD STORAGE DOOR MANUFAC and basis of contribution for the period begin industries, for the period from August 1 to article VIII. Section 1 (e) provides that no TURING INDUSTRY, Code No. 479: Order ning May 31, 1934, and ending June 16, 1935. December 31, 1934. m.,ernber of the industry shall guarantee prices 6, terminating the exemption conferred in Order 306, granting exemption to Enochs FERTILIZER INDUSTRY, Code No. 67: Lumber & Manufacturing Co., Jackson, Miss., and floor stocks against decline prices. Order paragraph UI of Administrative Order X-36, Order 44, approving lists of grades of ferti 1s dated January 25, 1935. so that all members are required to contribute from the provisions of article VI, section {b), lizer for the States of Virginia, West Virginia, of the Code, to the extent necessary to permit their proportionate share of the expenses of Maryland, District of Columbia, and Delaware. AUTOMOTIVE PARTS AND EQUIP administering the Code notwithstanding their not more than 37 employees to work not more MENT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, Order 45, granting exemption to the Davison than 48 hours in any 7-day period, for a pe principal liue of business is in some other Chemical Co., Baltimore, Md., from the provi Code No. 105: Order 35. granting exemption industry. riod of not more than 4 weeks beginning to the Ternstedt Manufacturing Co., Detroit, sions of article IV, section 2, subsection {a) December 29, 1934, on operations necessary to , 3, of the Code to the extent that It may Mich., from the provisions of article I II, sec CORRUGATED ROLLED-METAL CUL 1 prevent cancelation of millwork orders then tion 1, of the Code, to the extent that two VERT PIPE INDUSTRY, Code No. 511: employ 10 accountants unlimited hours during on band, provided each such employee shall men may work n.,ot more than 42 hours in 1 Order 8, approving Code Authority budget and the period from J anuary 10 to June 30, 1935, be paid not less than one and one-half times week, nor 8 hours in 1 day beyond tl!e 2,184- basis of contribution for the period from Sep inclusive, provided that during t11e period his normal rate of pay for all hours worked in hour proYision of the Code, provided the rate tember 1, 1934, to August 31, 1935. from January 10 to February 15, 1935, such excess of 40 hours in any 1 week or 8 hours in employees shall be paid one and one-third any 1 day. of pay shall be not less than one and one-half times their regular rates of pay for all hours times the regular rate of pay for snell empl~y COTTON GARMENT INDUSTRY, Oode ees. T-his exemption is for the period from No. l18: Order 200. granting exemption to the worked in excess of 40 hours per week, and MANUFACI'URING AND WHOLESALE November 6 to miduight, November 16, 1934. Gerstman Manufacturing Co., Inc., Dull'nlo, that during the period from February 16 to SURGICAL INDUSTRY, Code No. 501: Order 36, granting exemption to the Na N. Y., from the provisions of arti<:le Ill, sec June 30, 1935, such employees shall be paid Order 6, terminating exemption conferred in tional Stamping Co., Detroit, Mich., from the tion A, and article V, section A, of the Code, one and one-hn If times their regular ra fes of paragraph lii of Administrative Order X-36, provisions of article I II, section 1, of the Code, to the extent that it is permitted to operate pay for all hours worked in excess of 40 hours so that all members are required to contribute to the extent that five die makers may work its stitching department and work the em per week. The order requires that a copy be their proportionate share of the costs of ad not more than 42 hours in any 1 week and not ployees thereof 8 hours overtime weekly from posted in a place readily accessible to all ministering the Code, notwithstanding their more than 8 hours in 1 day beyond the 2,184- November 15 up to and including Nove:mber employees affected thereby. principal line of business in some other hour provision of the Code, provided the rate 30, 1934, provided such overtime is puid for at t>'LEXIBLE METAL HOSE AND TUB industry. the rate of one and one-half times the normal of pay shall be not less than one and one-half ING MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, Code MARBLE QUARRYING AND FINISH times the regular rate of pay for such em rate of pay. The order requires that a copy be posted in a conspicuous place in the com No. 84 G-1: Order 14, approving Code Author ING INDUSTRY, C.ode No. 421: Order 10, ployees. This exemption is for the period ity budget and basis of contribution for the recognizing the following as members of the from November 13 to midnight, November 18, pan~·· s plant or plants. Order 202, grunting exemption to the Oak period from October 1, 1934, to March 31, 1935. New York regional committee for this indus 1934. try: G. Gilbert Brown, president, George Order 37, granting exemption to the Tropic-. Brand Manufacturing Co .. Omaha, Nebr., from FUR MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, the provisions of article III, section A, and Code No. 436: Order 17, denying termination Brown & Co., Newark, N. J.; Richard J. Aire Incorporated, Minnenpoiis, Minn., from Miller, president. Miller-Druck Co., New York the provisions of article III, section 1, of the article V, section A, of the Code, to the extent of exemption granted in paragraph III of that it may work its employees on the same Administrative Order X-36. City; Oscar Bauer, president, Charles M. Code, to the extent that three specialized ma Gray Marble & Slate·Co., Long Island, N.Y.; chine operators .may work not more than 40 basis as provided in order 200, above quoted. FURNITURE MANUFACTURING IN Order 204, appointing industry members to David Stein, vice president, P. Tassinni & Co., hours in any 1 week and not more than 8 DUSTRY, Code No. 145: Order 40, denying Brooklyn, N. Y. ;' and Thomas P. Sciacca, hours in any 1 day beyond U1e 2,080-hour pro represent the sectional or geogrnphicn I dis application of Lewittes & Sons, Inc., Beacon, tricts as follows: Pacific coast: Mr. H. Eloes executor, J. Sciacca Marble Works, New York vision of the Code, provided the rate of pay N. Y., for exemption from article IV, section City. shall be one and one-half times the regular ser, of San Francisco, Calif., us member and 2 (a). of the Code. rate of pay for such employees. This exemp Mr. Oscar Groebl, of New York City, as alter MILLINER¥ INDUSTRY, Code No. 151: tion is for the period from November 2 to nate. Southeast: Mr. Evan McConnell, At GALVANIZED WARE MANUFACTUR Order 34, approving temporary budget for the November 13, 1934. lanta, Ga., as member. Midwest: Mr. Olayton ING INDUSTRY, Code No. 84 A-1: Order Code Authority to cover the period from Janu Smith, of St. Joseph, Mo., as member and Mr. 10. approving plan for sale of products which ary 1 to June 15, 1935. This order shall ter BAKING INDUSTRY, Code No. 445: Order G. H. Norris, St. Paul. Minn., as alternate. are classed as " seconds." minate automatically upon the final approval 31, denying application of Kearn's Bakery. Order 205, g1·anting exemption to the Crest GASOLINE PUMP MANUFACTURING or disapproval of a budget to cover the above Auburn, Nebr., for exemption from the provi Shirt Corporation, Chicago, Ill., from the pro INDUSTRY, Code No. 26: Order 16, grant period, or for any other period specified by sions of article IV, section 1 {h), of the Code. visions o( article Ill, section A, and article ing exemption to S. F. Bowser & Co., Fort the National Industrial Recovery Board, and Order 32, denying application of Williams V, section A, of the Code, to the extent that Wayne, Ind., from the provisions of article III in no event later than February 15, 1935. Bakery. Scranton, Pa., and R. Z. Spaulding, it is permitted EO operate its plant and work of the Code, for the period from J anunry 8 Inc., Binghamton, N. Y., for exemption from the employees thereof 4 hours overtime on MOTION PICTURE INDUSTRY, Code through February 16, 1935, insofar as said No. 124: Order 44, confirming telegraphic the provisions of article VII, sections 3 and 4, Saturdays, December 15 and 22, 1934, pro provisions apply to flO especially skilled em of the Code. vided such overtime in excess of 36 hours per ployees engaged in an urgent rush order; pro order dated· November 26, 1934, granting ex Order 33, denying application of the Quaker week shall be paid for at the rate of one and vided that the additional working hours of emption to Radio City Music Hall, New ;y"ork Baking Co., Council Bluffs, Iowa, fol: exem~ one-half times the normal rate of pay. The City, from a provision of article IV, part 2; said skilled employees shall not exceed 8 hours section 4, subsection {b)', of the Code, insofar tion from the provisions of article VII, section order equires that a copy be posted in a con per week in excess of the 40 hours permitted 6, of the Code. spicuous place in the corporation's plant or by the Code and that at least one and one-half as Thanksgiving morning,"'November 29, 1934, plants. times the regular rate shall be paid these was concerned. This exemption permitted the BARBER SHOP TRADE, Code No. 398: Order 206, granting exemption to Robitshek, Radio City Music Hall, to call chorus persons skilled employees for such additional hours, for rehearsal at 8 a. m., Thursday morning, Order 7, denying application of the Sheraton Schneider Co., Minneapolis, Minn., from the and that if the work on this special rush Barber Shop, High Point, N. C., for exemption provisions of article I II, section A, and arti order is completed in less than the period November 29, 1935, provided time and one- , from the provisions of article III, section 1, of cle V, section A. of the Code, to the extent specified, this exemption automatically termi half be paid for such overtime. the Code. that it is permitted to operate its plant and nates on the date the work is completed, pro Order 45, confirming letter order dated De work the employees thereof 8 hours overtime cember 17, 1934, granting exemption to Radio BREWING INDUSTRY, Code No. LP 10: vided employment is granted available men during the week ending December 22, 1934, capable of performing the operations specified. City Music Hall, New York City, from a pro Order 8, approving plan of procedure of labor provided all overtime worked in excess of 36 vision of article IV, part 2, section 4, subsec complaints committee and regional boards. hours per week shall be paid for at the rate GRAPHIC ARTS INDUSTRY, Code No. tion {b), of the Code. This exemption per of •one and one-half times the normal rate of 287: Order 433, denying application of Straw mitted the Radio City Music Hall to call cho CANDY MANUFACTURING I N D U S rus persons for rehearsal at 8 a.m., Thursday, TRY, Code No. 463: Order 29, granting exemp pay. The order requires that a copy be posted bridge and Clothier, Philadelphia, Pa., for ex in a conspicuous place in the company's plant emption ft·om the provisions of the Code. December 27, 1934, provided time and one-half tion to the National Candy Co .. Inc., Chicago, be paid for such overtime. Ill., from the provisions of article III, section or plants. HAT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, 4, of the Code, for a period of 3 weeks begin Order 207, granting exemption to R. & M. Code No. 259: Order 22, terminating exemp MOTOR BUS INDUSTRY, Code No. 66: ning January 7, 1935, provided that employees Kaufmann, Aurora, Ill., from the provisions tion conferred in paragraph III of Adminis Order 20, granting exemption to the Mary affected by this exemption shall not be per of article III, section A, to the extent that it trative Order X-36, so that all members are land- Delaware Stages, Inc., Selbyville, Del., mitted to work in excess of 56 hours in each iS permitted to work its cutting department required to contribute their proportionate from certain of the provisions of subsection week or 10 hours in each day, and that time for 4 hours overtime weekly for a pe~;:iod of share of the expenses of administering the {b) of section 1 of article VII, to the extent and one-half shall be paid for the 8 hours in 30 days from December 17, 1934, provided such Code notwithstanding their principal line of that it i authori?.ed to register its operation excess of 48 hours per week, that no employee overtime in excess of 36 hours per week shall business is in some oilier inclnstry. from Pocomoke City, Md., to Milford, Del., by shall be permitted to work more than 6 days be paid for at the rate of one and one-half way of Maryland-United States Highway, in any 7-day period, and that this exemption times the normal rate of pay. The order HOG RING . AND RINGER MANUFAC Route No. 113, with the Code Authority with shall not interfere with State labor laws. The requires that a copy be posted in a consi)icuous TURING INDUSTRY, Oode No. 84 F- 1: out being required to file with it n certified order denies application of this company for place in their plant or plants. Order 11, approving supplementary Code Au copy of a certificate of convenience and ne exemption from the provisions of article III, Order 208, granting exemption to J. P. thority budget and basis of contribution for cessity (rom t11e State of Delaware authoriz section 6. Goettel, Inc., Syracuse, N. Y., from the provi the period from September 10, 1934, to June ing intrastate trnn ·portation on that portion sions of article III, section A, and article V, 16, 1935. of said operation lying withing the State of section A, of the Code, to the extent that it is CELLULOID BUTTON, BUCKLE, AND IMPORTED DATE PACKING INDUS Delaware. I NOVELTY MANUFACTURING IN D U S permitted to work 3 stitchers and 1 button TRY, Code No. 490: Order 9, approving ele TRY, Oode No. 400: Order 11, staying for a hole operator and t he machinery necessary for ments of cost pursuant to article VII, section MOTOR VEHICLE RETAILING TRADE period of 90 days from the date of this order, such operalions 8 hours overtime weekly dur 5 {a), of the Code. Oode No. 46: Order 57, denying application of or untll such time as an amendment to a rticle ing. the pe1iod from December 18 up to and the following dealers in Richmoud, Ky., for III, section 10, is approved, the operation of including December 29, 1934, provided such INDUSTRIAL OIL BURNING EQUIP-· exemption from the wa(Te nnd hour provisions the provision of article III, section 10, of the overtime worked in excess of 36 hours per MENT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, of this Oode: Canfield Motor Co., Johnson Code. week shall be paid for at the rate of one and Code No. 439: Ot·der 7, approving list of haz- (Continued on paQc 6, column 1) 6 THE BLUE EAGLE February 8, 1935 ADMINISTRATIVE ORDERS-Continued (Continued from pall,e 5) RETAIL SOLID FUEL INDUSTRY, Code retail establishment is permitted, for the pur to the extent that it be permitted to employ Motor Co., Witt Motor Co., R ichmond Motor No. 280: Order 150-A, modifying lowest rea pose of taking the January or February 1935 1 messenger or junior clerk at a salary of not Co., Sturgil Motor Co., and Woods Motor Co. sonable costs for division No. 17, for the inventories, to work employees who are es less than $12 per week. The order reqnil'es Atlanta trade area comprising Fulton and pecially skilled, any number of hours per day that a copy be posted in a place accessible to NEEDLEWORK INDUSTRY IN PUER DeKalb Counties, Ga. for a period not to exceed one ;veek during all employees. TO RICO, Code 1 o. 474: Order 13, supplement Order 152-.A., approving mine coots of an January or February, provided the maximum Order 54. amending Order Nos. 83-36 and ing Administrative Order 474-11, relating to thracite coals and plant costs of coke and weekly employees' hours presctibed in that 391.,.7, provides that the W. D. Carpenter Co piecework rates for infants' and children's petroleum carboo for division No. 32 fot· the group of article V, section 1, shall not be ex Inc., manufacturing chemists, Syracuse, N. y:• dresses, established by the piece-rates com St. Louis, Mo., trade ru·ea. ceeded; that all hours in excess of the maxi shall submit a confidential report to toe Ex: mission. Order 152-B, modifying lowest reasonable mum daily hours specified in said article, ecutive Secretary of the Code AutllOrity, giv. NOVELTY CURTAINS, DRAPERIES, costs for division No. 14 for the Roanoke, Va., under which t11e employer has elected to op ing the same information as specified in BEDSPREADS, AND NOVELTY PILLOWS trade area. erate on December 31, shall be paid on a time order 48 above quoted. INDUSTRY, Code No. 79: Order 25, approv Order 152-C, approving mine costs of an and one-third basis and that in no case shall Order 55, granting exemption to the Hart. ing statistical forms for this industry. thracite coals and costs of coke and petroleum any peak period allowance as permitted in man-Leddon Oo., Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. carbon for division No. 26 for the Chicago this article be used concunently with ·the from the provisions of articles III and IV, and PAPER BOX MACHil\TERY INDUSTRY trade area. overtime granted in this orde·r. This stay terminating Order No. 83-25, provided it su]). AND TRADE, Code No. 72-B : Order 12, Order 152-D, modifying lowest reasonable shall become effective on January 18, 1935, mit a confidential report to the Executive Sec. granting exemption to George W. Swift, Jr., costs for division No. 26 for the Chicago, Ill., and shall terminate February 28, 1935. 'l'he r etary of the Code Authority, giving the same Inc., Bordentown, N. J., from the provisions of trade area. order further provides that a copy shall be information as specified in Order 48 above article VIII, section 1, of the Code, for the pe Order 153-E, approving lowest reasonable posted in a conspicuous place no :essible to all quoted. riod from January 8 through March 9, 1935, costs for division No. 48 for the trade area of employees affected thereby. SOLID BRAIDED CORD INDUSTRY, insofar as these provision apply to 45 skilled Des Moines, includin"' all that area within the Oode No. 309: Order 14, terminating exemp. assembly employees engaged in an urgent rush SAW AND STEEL PRODUCTS MANU city limits of Des Moines, Fort Des Moines, FACTURING INDUSTRY, AND THE TOY tion conferred in paragraph III of Adminis. order, provided that the additional working Urbandale, and Valley Junction. Iowa. h·ative Order X-36, so that all members shall hours of snid skilled assembly employees shall AND PLAYTHINGS INDUSTRY, Codes Order 153-F, modifying lowe t reasonable Nos. 274, 86: Order 15, granting exemption to be required ·to contribute their proportionate not exceed 8 hours per week in excess of 40 costs for division No. 25, State of Illinois ex hours permitted by the Code, and that at least the Pennsylvania Stamping Corporation, New share of the expenses of administering the cept counties of St. Clair and Madison, lllld York City, from the provisions of articles III, Oode notwithstanding their principal line of one and one-half times the regular· rate shall areas included and defined as division No. 26. business is in some other industry. be paid said skilled assembly employees for Order 153-G, approving lowest reasonable IV, and V of the Code for the Saw and Steel such additional hours. The order also pro costs for division No. 38 for the trade area of Products Manufacturing Industry, and from TEXTILE PRINT ROLLER ENGRAV vides that if the work on this special rush Denver, Colo. the provisions of articles III and IV of the ING INDUSTRY, Code No. 324: Order 22, order is completed in less than the period f rom Order 169, approving mine costs of anthra Code for the toy and playthings industry, on approving Code Authority budget and basis of Janunry 8 through March 9, 19'35, this exemp cite coals and plant costs of coke for division conclition that it will comply ln all of its labor contribution for the period from .A.ptil 1, 1934 tion automatically terminates on the date the No. 11 for the Wilmington trade area. operations to the provisions of article III of to March 31, 1935. work on the rush order is completed, provided Order 176, modifying lowest reasonable the Code for the fabricated metal products employment is granted available men capable manufactnting and metal finishing and metal TOLL BRIDGE INDUSTRY, Code No. costs for division No. 26 for the trade area of 431 : Order 11, terminating exemption con· of performing the operations specified in this Chicago, Ill. C0>1ting industry, and that it will comply with all other applicable provisions of the above ferred in paragraph III of Administrative "rder. Order 177, modifying lowest reasonable Order X-36, so that all members shall be re costs for division No. 22 for the Cleveland, named Codes in the manufacture of its prod PERFORATING MANUFACTURING IN ucts which are subject to said Codes. quired to contribute their proportionate share DUSTRY, Code No. 84 V-1: Order 6, approv Ohio, trade area. of the expenses of administering the Code not. ing circumstances under which goods shall be Order 178, modifyin"' lowest reasonable SCREW l\1ACillNE PRODUCTS MANU withstanding their principal line of business shipped on consignment. · costs for division No. 3 for the trade areas FACTURING INDUSTRY, Cede No. 84-R: is in some other industry. of Albany and Rensselaer Counties; Onondaga Ordec 8, granting exemption to the White Sew PHOTOGRAPHIC AND PHOTO FIN County; Westchester County; Dutchess and ing Machine Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio, TRUCKING INDUSTRY, Code No. 278: ISHING INDUSTRY, Code No. 362: Order Putnam Counties; Columbia County; Erie from the provisions of article III of the Code, Order 147, denying application of the Mer· 19, canceling order approving determination County; Niagara County; Orange County; provided in the operation of its entire plant it chants Deliver·y Service, Raleigh, N. C., for of trade area, Dallas, Tex. Cayuga County; Chautauqua County; Gene~ will conform to the wage and hour provisions exemption from the provisions of article V, PICTURE MOULDING AND PICTURE see County; Oswego County; Jefferson and of. the Sewing Machine Industry Code. section .A., subsec.'tion 3, and sectiGn B, subsec. Lewis Counties; Fulton, Warren, ·washington, tion 1 of the Oode. FRAME INDUSTRY, Code No. 208: Order SET-UP PAPER BOX MANUFACfUR 17, denying application of Larsen Richter Co., and Saratoga Counties; and Broome, Cort Order 148, denying application of Girault land, Chenango, Otsego, Delaware, Sullivan, ING INDUSTRY, Code No. 167: Order 24, Delivery Co., Inc., Little Rock, .A.rk., for ex Elkhart, Ind., for exemption from section 1 denying application of the Erie Paper Box Co., of articles III and IV, of the Code. Chemung, Tioga, Tompkins, and Schuyler emption from the provisions of article V, Counties, the southern part of Seneca Oounty, of Etie, Pa., for exemption from the provisions sections A, B, and C of the Code. PUMP MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY, New York, and the townships of South Wav of article IV of the Code. Order 149, extending to F ebruary 1. 1935, Code No. 57: Order 17, denying application of erly, Sayre, and Athens in Bradford County, Order 25, denying application of Hoague time for submission by the National Code Au· Layne & Bowler, Inc., Memphis, Tenn., for Pa. Sprague Corporation of Lynn, Mass., for ex thority of. report on 8-hour day required by exemption from the provisions of paragraph Order 179, approving lowest reasonable emption from the provisions of article III, article V-.A., sectiori 4 of the Code. (c) of article V of the Code but granting it section 1 (b), of the Code. costs for division No. 20 for the trade areas of WHOLESALE AND RETAIL FOOD AND exemption from the provisions of article V, 2, Knox County; 2-A, Blount County; 2-B, SILK TEXTILE INDUSTRY, Code No. 48: paragraph (b) on condition that no employee GROCERY TRADE, Cod-e No. 182: Order 57, Loudon County, Tenn. Order 25, approving Code Authority's revised approving Code Authority interim budget for shall be paid less than 32 cents per hour. Order 180, modifying , lowest reasonable budget and basis of contribution !or the period ~~- Order 18, terminating the stay granted to the month of January 1935. pending approval costs for division No. 42· for trade areas ~os. from October 7, 1933, to December 31, 1934. of longer term buclget. the Hardie-Tynes Manufacturing Co., Bir 1, 3, 6, and 8 of Washington. mingham, .A.la., from the minimum wage pro Order 181, approving lowest reasonable SLIT FABRIC MANUFACTURING IN WHOLESALE AUTOMOTIVE TRADE, visions of the Code. costs for division No. 3 for the combined trade DUSTRY, Code No. 214: Order 14, approving Code No. 163: Order 18, approving a disinter· Order 19, p·anting exemption to the Hardie areas of Rensselaer and Albany Counties, Code .A.uth01ity budget and basis of contribu ested agency to examine relevant records of Tynes Manufacturing Oo., Birmingham, .A.la., N.Y. tion for the period from February 1, 1934, to each member of this trade, as may, subject to ·from the provisions of article V (b) of the January 31, 1935. the approval of the National Industrial Re Code, to the extent that no employee shall be RESTAURANT INDUSTRY, Code No. Order 15, terminating exemption conferred • covery Board, be necessary for the purpose of paid less than 32 cents per hour. 282: Order 103, denying application of the Bee in paragraph III of Administrative Order verifying the accuracy of reports submitted Order 20, terminating the stay granted to Bee Cafe, Omaha, Nebr., for exemption from X-36, so that all members shall be required to in accordance with article VIII, section D of the provisions of article V, section:.; 1 and 2, contribute their proportionate share of the ex Layne & Bowler, Inc., Memphis, Tenn .. from and·article VI, section 1 of the Code. the Code. The choice of i\Ir. Daniel J. Ryan the minimum wage provisions of the Code. penses of administering the Code notwith as the disinterested agency is approved and Order 104, denyiog application of Harlan & standing their principal line of business is in his appointment shall become effective 10 days RADIO BROADCASTING INDUSTRY, Shelton Restaurant, Columbia, Tenn., for ex some other industry. Code No. 129: Order 13, confirming telegraphic emption ft·om the provisions of article V, sec from the date of this order. Order is dated order dated December 19, 1934, granting tion 1, of the Code. SOAP AND GLYCERINE MANUFAC Januuy 16, 1935. exemption to Radio Broadcasting Station Order 105, denying application of the Bat TURING INDUSTRY, Code No. 83: Order WHOLESALE FOOD AND GROCERY WT.A.M of the Na,tional Broadcasting Co., lo tery Park Lunch Room, Inc., New York City, 48, granting exemption· to the Sherwin-Wil TRADE AND RETAIL FOOD AND GRO· cated in Cleveland, Ohio, from the provisions for exemption from the provisions of articles liams Co., Cleveland, Ohio, from the provisions CERY TRADE, Codes Nos .. 182 and 196: of article VII, section 1, subsection (b), of V and VI of the Code. of articles III and IV of the Code, on condi Order 58, amending Administrative Orders the Code, insofar as the Christmas fund show Order 106, denying application of Welch's tion that its employees engaged in the manu Nos. 182-57 and 196-43, by striking out the last and radio broadcast of that station, which was Cafe, Fremont, Nebr., for exemp1ion from the facture of soap and/ or gl~' cerine aodjor five lines of the order and inserting in lien to be held in the month of December 1934, provisions of article V, section 1, and article cleansers made with soap aud insoluble min thereof the followin": "be and it is hereby was concerned. VI, section 1 (a) of the Code. erals as essential ingredient shall be paid not approY~d as of Janu7try 1, 1935, unless goOd less than a minimum wage equal to the mini cause to the contrary is shown to the National RAW PEANUT MILLING INDUSTRY, RETAIL FOO·b AND GROCERY TRADE, Industrial Recovery Board, on or before Jnnu· Code No. 203 : Order 9, approving list of occu mum wage provided in the Code for the Paint, Code No. 182: Order 60, denying application Varnish. and Lacquer .Industry; that the ary 31, 1935, and the aid Board issues a ub· pations deemed hazardous in nature or detri of Paul J. Fiedler, Marion, Iowa, for exemp maximum hours for such employees shall be sequent order modifying or rescinding such mental to the health of persons under 18 years tion from the maximum hour provisions of the of age. not more than the ma~"imum hout·s provided approval or moclifying or disapproving su,h Code. in the Code for the Paint, Varnish, and Lac interim budget." RAYON AND SILK DYEING AND RETAIL SOLID-FUEL INDUSTRY, Code quer Industry; that once each yenr it shall WHOLESALING OR DISTRIBUTING PRINTING INDUSTRY, Code No. 172: No. 280: Order 138-A, requiring that all future submit to the Executive Secretary of the Code TRADE, Code No. 201 : Order 32, denying Order 13, certificate on the application o:f order.· by the Special Committee on Lowest Authority, a confidenlinlreport stating the net application of Smith & Herrick Co .. Alban)', Chromite Textile Printing Co., Inc., New York Cost Determinations, shall be signed for the sales of oap, soap products, and/ or glycerine N. Y., for exemption from the provi ions of City, for the installation of 4 chromite print~ Special Committee by F . A. Hecht, chairman, for the preceding calendar year, the net sales article III, set:tion 1, sub ection (d) of t.lle ing machines and 2 flock and beading units. provided that a record be kept of the individ of clean ·ers made with soap and insoluble Code. Order 14, certificate on the application "f ual votes of the members of the committee. minerflls as essential ingredients for the pre Waverly Piece Dye Works, Inc., Elizabeth, Order 153-.A., approving lowest r easonable cedin" calendar year, whether ·uch sales Order 33, denying application of D. &. F. N. J., for the installation of four 4-foot dye costs as determined by Divisional Code Au amonnlecl to more or less than 10 percent of Mu el Co., Watertown, \Vis., for exemption boxes, one 5-foot dye box, two 8-foot dye boxes, thority No. 4 for the Tmde .A.rea No. 1, Man the total sales of all products and/ or . ervi.ce from the provisions of article Ill, section 1, one 12-foot dye box, one l(),. foot dye box, and hatt Em ploy men t Provisions Code Authority Members Approved .Amendments and Modifications of Codes Discussed The rational Industrial Recovery Board Dougherty; and Lester Johantgen, vice chair Tbe Na tiona! Industrial Recovery Board, approyed, during the past week, the following man and Lawrence Cohen, chairman. at Hearings ~e l ect10ns and appointments of Code Author during ,the past week, approved amendments Ity members. RETAIL JEWELRY TRADE (Local Re (Continued from page 3) tail Code Authority of Mobile, Ala.). to Codes of fair competition as follows: ANTIFRICTION BEARING INDUS Heyman Gabriel, Mobile, Ala., as a representa .Asbestos Ina1~strv (BnJ-lce LitnVng Di-vi The steel indu::;t rialist declared the only TRY.-W. E. Umstattd, Canton, Ohio; F. G. tive. sion) .-Amendment approved January 21, waY to get renl employment is to " unfreeze " Hughes, Bristol, Conn. ; A. C. Davis, James RETAIL TRADE.-Rose Schneiderman, town, N. Y. ; G. A. Strom, Cicero, Ill. ; H. A. 1935, 2 amendments to the merchandising the cap ital goods securities market by modify vice Dr. Leo Wolman, resigned, to serve dur plan designed to remove certain restrictionB ing restrictions placed upon the lending of Schatz, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; and F. 0. Burk ing the pleasure of the National Industrial holder, Chicago, Ill. as to the sn le of friction materials OCCUlTing capital to e.:~:ploit the durable goods industries, Recovery Board. in the Industrial field; 2 amendments de such as the securities and security exchange CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY DIS RETAIL TRADE (Local Retail Code Au acts. TRIBUTING TRADE.-Carl E. Baker Los thority of Longmont, Colo.).-R. D. Scott as signed to remote restrictions which would in "We have to depend upon capital if we are A!lgeles, Calif., as chairman, vice E. K. Hurst, secretary, vice Fred W. Sager. terfere with the development of new prod to maintain the American standard of living"., S10ux F alls, S. Dak., resigned. RETAIL TRADE (Local Retail Code Au ucts; 1 amendment was changed to clarify he a erted. GRAPHIC ARTS INDUSTRIES.-J. F. thority of Tampa, Fla.).-Placing the' local the meaning; and the fifth amendment is for Although the Iron and Steel Code estab Wolter•. Huntington, Ind.; .John F. Calhoon, retail Code Authority for Lake Wales, Fla., the purpose of clarification and to prevent the lished a maximum 40-hour week, averaged East Liverpool, Oh io; D. E. Rheutan Rich under this jurisdiction. use of subsidiaries to circumvent the purposes o1er a 6-month period, Mr. Hoole said experi mond, Va.; Cyril Taylo1·1 Chester, W. Va.; RETAIL TRADE (Local Retail Code Au of this provision. This amendment becomes ence during the last 17 months has been that A. M. Farnswot·th, Cnmden, N. J.; J . .A.. Pid effective 15 days from the date of approval it is not po Sible " to give employees the ma:l..i thority of Laconia, N. H.).- IDdwin H. geon, Salem, Ohio; and. H. W. Hilliard, Buf Shannon, chairman and Mrs. G1·ace N. Maloou, unless good cause to the contrary is shown. mum botH'S of work permitted under the pres fulo, N. Y., as administrative agency for the ent limitntion." secret:ary-trensuret·, to serve for a period of 1 church envelope systems national product year which began October 31, 1934. BitW»''Iinous Ooa~ Inaustry.-.A.mendment He said "Last year our employees actunlly group. app1·oved January 25, 1935, amends article VI averaged only 32 hours a week. Thls is pri RETAIL TRADE (Local Retail Code Au marily due to the fact that with better than HAIR AND JUTE FELT INDUSTRY. thority of Newburgh, N. Y.).-Frank ID. by adding a preamble and modifying sections avera"'e operations we must cuny a large Theodore Wilde. Chicago, Ill.; Sidney J. Forsyth, treasurer, vice Charles E. Forsyth, 2, 3, and 4. Defines the fair market prices of number of men who are not normally required. Allen, Det1·oit, Micll.; Charles Lachman and deceased. coal and the methods of administering the Tllu , in average or low periods of operation, Joseph Scholes, Jr., both of Philadelphia, Pa.; RETAIL TRADE (Local Retail Code Au Code provisions relating to such :fair market the available work must be spread over this and Jack Chapman, Chicago, Ill. thority of Oklal10ma City, Okla.).-Ed. 0. prices. The amendment also changes article excess force as well as over the normal MARKING DE VI C E S INDUSTRY- Sturm, chaitman. vice J. F. Harbour, resigned. VII, section 2, by providing an impartial permanent force. * • • " J. R. Swift, chn1rman, and Henry J. Hans~n, Mike Monroney as representative of the :fur board of arbitration to settle disputes and "1'he 30-hour week would proouce an aver both of Chicago, Ill.; John Schweizer St. niture division to succeed Mr. Harbom·. EJ. L. controversies with respect to fair competitive Manley, executive secretary, vice H. G. Mit age 24-hour week in the steel industry. Be Louis, Mo.; Herman Anderson, Plttsb~rgh, prices and practices relating thereto. cause of the 40-hour limitation and the Pa.; Charles 0. Lee, Detroit, Mich.; Harry chell, resigned. depressed stnte of the steel markets in 1934, Jonas, New :fork, N. Y.; Homer E. Willard, RETAIL TRADE (Local Retail Code Au Oomp~ete Wire wna Iron Fence Industry (.A. average earnings of steel employees amounted Tol~do, Ohio; J. M. Patrick, San Francisco, thority of Dyersburg, Tenn.).-W. M. Fowler, Dilvision ot the Fabricated Meta~ Prodlucts to only $18.39 weekly, even with hourly rates Cahf. ; Herman Seefried, Cleveland Ohio· chairman, M. J. Rosenbloom, vice chairman, ManufarJturmg ana Metal F -inis'Mng wna at a level higher than the average for all in PhHip Sheridan, New York, N. Y.; and Frank M. W. Elwell, secretary-treasurer, W. M. Fow Meflal Coating Inltuatry) .-Amendment ap dustrial workers. The 3().hour week would J. Spaeth, Boston, Mass., to serve as the tem ler, C. H. Honeycutt, W. M. Helmer, W. J. freeze this income at existing levels and de porary Code Authority 90 days more or until Inman, M. J. Rosenbloom, Wm. Salenfriend, proved January . 22, 1935, incorporates the prive steel workers of the opportunity to their successors are elected and/or appointed. and W . .A.. Sigman. principles in office memorandum 228 relating to the fillng of prices.' increase their earnings as business improved." MICA INDUSTRY.-Grover H. Wilsey. adc SAFETY RAZOR AND SAFETY RAZOR Sees Rise in Production ministration member, vice Francis E. Lee, BLADE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY. Cotton Te:ctile bu.Wtstry.-Amendment ap resigned, to serve during the pleasure of the S. C. Stampleman, Boston, Mass., vice G. B. proved January 22, 1935, amends the trade frof. 0. G. Saxon, who said he was not rep Lambert. National Industrial Recovery Board. practices governing the merchandising of resenting Yale Univei'Sity, but expressing his TOY AND PLAYTHINGS INDUSTRY. own opinion, charged a 3().hour week would. MOTOR VEHICLE MAINTENANCE carded cotton yarn by removing the obliga TRADE.-Har!Jld R. Pinkerton, Yakima, W. 0. Coleman, Chicago, Ill.; W. . A. Coventry, either bring about a great increase in prices Mount Joy, Pa.; T. S. Dowst and H. H. Elliott, tion upon a selling a~ent to furnish the spin to be passed on to the consumer or another Wnsh. ; Manly S. Harris, San Francisco ning mill with the name of the prospective Calif. ; Be'n F. Englander, Denver, Colo. ; both of Chicago, Ill. ; B. E. Fleischaker, New dcnvnward "deflationary spiral." York, N.Y.; .A.. C. Gilbert, New Haven, Conn.; customer where the selling agent guarantees He expressed the belief that already under Louis H. Reamer. Willmar, Minn. ; M. L. Clay ton, Dallas, Tex.; P. Harvey Reis, St. Louis, F. J. Hannon, Cleveland, Ohio; W. C. Leh performing of a contract. Also liberalizes the way there are "natural" forces aided by de man, Cannelton, Ind.; and H. C. White, North discount and dating provisions. yaluation of the dollar, which, ban-ing infla Mo.; Alvin L. Belle Isle, Atlanta, Ga.; P. C. On,• Charlotte, N. C.; Joseph P. Werner, Bennington, Vt. ponary moves, would bring about a lower Dress Manutactw·vn.g Indl!,stry.-.A.mend plateau of prices, and which, in turn, would Peoria, Ill.; Sam Frank, Newport, Ky.; Frank WAXED PAPER INDUSTRY.-Leo E. C. Just, Akron, Ohio; .John Lamberti, Scran Oroy, Menasha, Wis. ; R. B. Donnelley, Chi ment approved January 23, 1935, grants au mduce reemployment and increase production thority to the Code Authority and/or the reasserting a parity between all the ele ton, Pa.; A. Robert ren-y, Syracuse, N. Y.; cago, Ill.: W. J. Eisner and Walker Hamilton, py National Industrial Recovery Board to re plen t of production. and Lyman H. Johnson, New Haven, Conn., both of New York, N. Y.; Le lie L. Jacobs, In support of hi contention against the to serve as the temporary Code Authority. Dall , Tex.; H. 0. Nichols, New York, N. Y.; quire members of the industry to keep such 30:hour week, Dr. Saxon criticized the use of PAPER BAG MANUFACTURING IN V. E. Nunez. 1\a.·bua, N. H.; Homer l\1. Sin necessary records as may be required, and figures in 'a pamphlet published by the .A.meJ'i DUSTRY (Executive Authority for the clair, H olyoke, Mas . ; L. 0. 1'umer, River pr6vides that falsifying such records or with can Federation of Labor. He asserted that Coffee Bag Division).-Gordon H. Friend, Rouge, Mich .; and V. H. Wilshire, Dayton, holding information be a violation of the the author used a very selected group of in Philadelphia, Pa. ; W. L. S. Alexander, New Ohio, Code. dustries in showing that the income of the York, N. Y.; S. N. Williams, Devon, Pa.; QANVAS GOODS INDUSTRY.-I. P. wage earner dropped during the depression B. W. McGrath, New York, N. Y.; and Sam Smith, 'Ioledo, Ohio; H. B. Marbury, Atlanta, Ea.rthenwa1'e lJIOir11,factU?·ilng Ind1,Stry. more than twice as much as property incomes. Kardon, Philadelphia, Pa. Ga.; and J. J. Daus, IDvans\'ille, Incl. .A.mendment approved January 23, 1935, cor The speaker gave his support to the profit PERFUME, COSMETIC, AND OTHER WOOLENS AND TRIMMINGS DISTRIB rects certain typographical errors; eliminates motive in industry, declaring there were TOILET P.REPARATIONS INDUSTRY. UTING TRADE.-Ross F. Bergh, Chicago, the maintenance and repair employees fr·om tendencies in some quarters to discredit it" on Herman L. Brooks, New York, N. Y., vice Ill.; F. F. Falkenbach, New York, N. Y.; the maximum hours provisions; changes the the grounds it is unsocial and should be elimi C. S. Welch, resigned. Samuel R. Lippincott, Jr., Philadelphia, Pa.; term " apprentices" to the word "learners"; nated." While he said he would not quarrel Hll.l'Old Milbank and Frederick Willis, both of and redrafts Code provisions relating to RETAIL TRADE (Local Retail Code Au New York, N. Y., to represent the National with those who wanted State socialism, he thority for Athens, Ohio).-Charles 0. Bur handicapped persons, standards of safety said it would be impossible to maintain the Woolens and Trimmings Association. nett, as presid~t. and health, posting of labor provisions, and capitalistic system, without the profit motive, WOOLENS AND TRIMMINGS DISTRIB and " we will never be able to come out of this REFRIGERATED WAREHOUSING IN UTING TRADE (A Division of the Whole dismissal of employees. DUSTRY~-George D . .Liles, Buffalo, N. Y., depression as a capitalistic Nation-the result saling or Distributing Trade) .-Thomas E. H01f.8ehold I ce Reff'i,g~rat or Inlitlutry. vice J. R. Shoemaker, Elmira, N. Y., resigned. would be Fascio::m, Hitlerism, or Communism, Ochiltree to represent nonassociation mem .A.mendment approved January 19, 1005, bers, vice R. Ellison Thompson, to serve dur between which there would be little choice." . RETAIL JEWELRY TRADE (Local Re amends article III, section 1, to read as fol In commenting upon the desired revival in tail Code Authority of Minneapolis).-Mau ing the. pleasure of the National Industrial the producers goods field, Dr. Saxon said it is rice .A.delsheim of S. Jacobs & Co., vice J. D .• Recovery Board. lows: "No employee shall be permitted to dependent upon profitable operations in the work in excess of forty ( 40) hours in any 1 ~onsumers goods field. "Without this profit, week or eight (8) hours in any twenty-four which must be sufficiently large to have wiped He said the Consumers Advisory Board He said direct relationship between em (24) hour period, except as otherwise pro recommended the following policies : ployer and employee should be supervised by ~JUt impaired capitnl and set up adequate re Tided in this article III." Adds a new subsec (1) A maximum limit on hours, not on a Government "to the extent that such supervi ~~es against contingencies, no mannfac national basis but uniformity withln each sion is necessary." tion (c) to article III, sec.tion 1, permitting ~rer will feel justified ln e:x:pa.ndlng plant In stressing the necessity of establishing plant and factory employees to work 48 hours null equipment, or replacing obsolete plant grand division of related industries, with the limit determined on its merits for each these assured annual earnings, Father Haas per week during 8 weeks in any year under ~nQ equipment", the speaker explained. division: said "the lot ot the average worker, even certain conditions. .A.dd.s a new section 3 to ".Conjuring", !!llluggling or kicking out of when employed, is today far from satisfactory. wo,rf,ers from under " NR.A.'s big tent of maxi (2) Certain rigidities in the control of em article III, limiting the work week to six (6) ployment conditions, with minimum use of Even in the year 1929, 65 percent of those days. Amends article V, section 5, regarding lll,';l,m hours", was the theme of the state receiving incomes in this country received less ment by .A.rthnr 0. Wharton. The official tolerance and peak periods in maximum hours possible confiict with State or Federal laws. pro\·isians; and wider and more general use of than $1,500 durlng the year. The sharp re Amends article V, section 6, regarding reclas of the machinists' association asserted 8,575,- duction in wage rates and in working time 000 of all employees in codified industries are the device of overtime payment. sification of employees. Adds a new section (3) A minimum wage as a rock-bottom bul that has occurred during the depressiO'Il has 12 to article V, prohibiting the discharge of nnder Codes in which the basic work week is reduced the yearly income of many workers more than 40 hours, and there are some 50 wark far good citi7.enship, fixed at the " decent an employee for Code complaints. Amends living" levels spoken of by President Roose below the level of subsistence." article VI, section 3, regarding the powers and industries uncooified. Miss Rose Schneiderman said the most im He declared a maximum hour provision av velt when he signed the Recovery Act. duties of the Code Authority. Amends arti ( 4) Lengthening of the time period used as portant step that can be taken in the direction cle VI, section 10, substituting the word eraged over a long period is worse than no of establishing fair competition and beneficial limitation upon hours at all and that peak pe a base in the minimum wage provisions of the " prescribe " for the word " provide." Amends Codes. The usual Code provision is for an Code results, is by establishing fair wages in article VI, section 11, giving the National In riod provisions are another factor used to competing industries. Sbe recommended baS "conjure" workers from under code benefits. hour minimum. "'Vorkers do not live, that dustrinl Recovery Board the power of review is to say, consume by t1le hour." W'age min in'g points for common, semish"illed, and skilled after the Code Authority acts. Amends arti Consumer Viewpoint ima established in Codes, at first in the less labor as a step towards " clearing the present cle VII, secti,on 15, by permitting shipments morass of Code provisions for wages above the highly seasonal Industries. between October 1 and April 1 to be dated Thomas C. Blaisdell, Jr., executive director minimum." April 1. Deletes article VII, section 16. of the NR.A. Consumers Advisory Board, de (5) Geographical differentials should be She further recommended that "loose narrowed, usually by leveling up the minimum Amends article VII, section 19, by adding clared the National Recovery Administration clauses" covering readjustment of wages prohibition of subterfuge. Adds a new sec has taken only the first steps in the direction rates in low wage areas. above the minimum be rewritten so that a tion 20 to article VII, removing export trade of recovery ", and he issued a call for in (6) Classified wage scales should not be "real long pull balance" between labor and from Code provisions relating to prices or creased use of Code machinery for greater made a general feature of the present Code management be permanently establi. bed. terms of selling, shipping, or marketin ~. Production. sti1lCt'Ure. " If the minimum wage tends to Amends article VIII, section 1, relating to "More goods to be consumed, more services become the maximum, the remedy is to be filing of prices. Amends article IX, section 2, to be enjoyed, higher standards of living for found through collective · bargaining-not relating to the power of the Code Authority the masses of our people--these are the endux to suggest changes in or mt>diflcation of the ing Interests of the consumer", Mr. Blaisdell through Code machinery." Code Authority By (7) Adequate representation of labor and Code. said. He continued, " the major interests of labor consumers on Code Authorities. laws Approved Sanitar-y and Wate1·proot Specialties Man1t, taot1w~ug Indust1·y.-Amendmeut approved and the consumer are in harmony. The policy Unsatisfactory Incomes Academic Costume Industry (with excep ~ve urge in behalf of the consumer is precisely January 18, 1935, permits the Code Authority tions). to i ncoqJOl'a te. t.\le policy which American labor should urge Recommending a program to promote l,ligher 1 Book Publishing Industry (Trade Book Pub ili its own behalf. Both interests demand ia- annual earnings by the develot1ment of mutual Wann Ai.1· Register btltnstry.-.A.mendmait cooperation which comes from the free organi lishing Division) . . c!~.ased output, expanded and regularized Book Publishing Industry (Medical and approved January 7, 1935, permits the Code . employment, enhanced efficiency, lowered zation of workers with employers, Father Autho1ity to incur reasonable obligations nec Haas said labor wholeheartedly supports Allied Book). essary to support the administration of the 0 costs, and prices which are low enough to Candlewick Bedspread Industry (with ex mo Y"e goods and services to their ultimate use. other efforts looking toward social security, Code and to submit au itemized budget nnd but that "highly assured annual earnings as ception). equitable basis of assessment t.pon member Lalior has no more to gain than does the con Canvas Stitched Belt Manufacturing Indus of the industry to the National Industrial :sum.f.r from a or price policy which the result o·f such cooperation is to be desired wag~ try (with exception). Recovery Board for approval. resultsJn industrial stalemate." above everything else." ' It~ r:, -- 8 THE BLUE EAGLE , Fe bruary 8, 19 3) • Recent Trends tn the Leather Industry ______.., 60 ., A~~~AGE HOURLY WAGE IN CENTS _., I\. y \..)o - so "U' ~, f\. I .... ~~ y~ ~ _..., ~--... ----r;: ' 40 AVERAGE HOURS PER WEEK "' - - ~ v ' 30 A V ERAGE WEEKLY WAGE IN DOLLARS ,o.. ..-t:)••.. o --·~· -o"'--o- .. ..o.. .. "'o()oo .. ~-.o---.0'!'·-4...... 0 - _..1'"\- _o .. \ r-.... I -v - '"LT ·v · 20 ' ~-...... o- .... ~ 0~ I "0...... ,, ' I 0 0 INDEX OF \ II 110 1- ...... EMPLOYMEN T - m 100 - r1- I ""' ~ - (\J , - o~ ' o· o...-u m ... .;o-n_ I / ' 9 0 ..... ;_~... ,, _, - A> ..... 1-,.0 ~~~ 7 'r#,·-·---., C/) 8 0 ·--- ...,, ...... _,~ ,... ~" w -- - _r./ ""'-./ , --.. --· X 7 0 ,, ·I w 60 "''"~, l 0 ·~' ,, # !"""' i-'A' ,' z '•-' so ' .." ' _ INDEX . OF PAYROTLS 0 1 0 enII (\J INDEX OF en C/) w X w OF 0 60 z I --L. 110 100 0 90 0 80 ii 70~ 60~ so~ I >< 40W 0 I z I• INDEX OF HIDE AND SJ<:IN PRICESA I --~ 30 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I• I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1~ 1 I I lJ '1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I II I I 1'1 I I 11 1 11 11 1 11 1 M ..J S D M J S D M ..J S D M J S D M J S D M J S D M J S D 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 Sources: Bureau of Labor Statistics-Employment and pay roll indexes, NRA ad 0.9574. Bureau of the 1 Census-Production, shipments, and stocks through 1931. Justment to 1933 Census totals, and average weekly wa,ges; average hours, and average Tanner's Council of America- Production, shipments, and stocks fr.om 1932 to date. hourly wages from 1932 to date; and price indexes. National Industrial Conference Chart prepared exclusively for the Blue Eagle by the Division of Research and Board-Average hours and average hourly wages through 1931, the.latter multiplied by Planning, NRA. This week's chart presents a picture of developments during the past 6 years in the .Another interesting relationship appears in the comparison between the curve for weeklY industry which manufactures finished leather from raw hides and skins. In most re hours at the top of the chart and that for man-hours, which has varied very little spects the movements here indicated resemble the more moderate fluctuations which dis although the number of workers has increased some 25 percent. tinfuish basic consumer goods in years of clepression. And in those series suffering more In passing to the lower half of the chart, we find more consistently pronounced move pronounced declines, especially thO:Se for labor and production, there is evident a marked ments in the series for stocks and prices. We see first that inventories of finished leatber which had been accumulating earlier in the depression were reduced in the second quarter recovery; since the middle of 1933. of 1933 to a level lower than that even for l928. During the past year they have In the uppermost series of the graph three curves ~·eflecting data for the individual gradually increased but have not reached the average volume of 1929. Stocks of rnw worker show first that the hourly wage, after some decrease, had by November of last year hides and skins, on the other hand, although showing a depletion during 1934 still actually risen above the level of 1929. At the same time the usual " scissors" movement remain considerably larger than the average supply of 1929. associated with adoption of the Codes is apparent, as the curve of weekly hours crosses Some cdrrespondence between th'ese movements and the fluctuation of wholesale that for the hourly wage. As fo~: his total income, the wage earner, who has experi prices will be naturally assumed. F~r both finished leather and raw hides and skin5 enced some decrease and then substantial increase in his pay envelop., is still receiving prices rose rapidly in 1933 when in;ventocies decreased, but have ,since been falling. .A5- about 20 percent less than his predepression average. But in view of the lower cost of may be observed from the chart, fluctuations have been greater ,in the prices of raw living his wages have practically the same purchasing power as in 1929. hi-des and skins. One cause for the decline last year was the creation of abnormall1 In the next lower section of our chart, four curves of operation for the industry as a large stocks resulting from the slaughter of drought-stricken cattle on a large scale. unit indicate that employment and production figures have recovered almost all losses Whatever the future movements of prices in this industry, we should expect stabilitY of the worst depression years, while total pay rolls are about 15 percent below their 1929 at least in production, since 85 percent of all leather stocks are consumed in the manufac level. In these series one of the most significant features is the widening range between ture of footwear, for which, even at the worst period of depression, the demand (in terJDI production and man-hours, representing a clear increase in employee productivity, of quantity if not quality) maintained surprising uniformity.