Filey Flood Alleviation North Yorkshire
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Filey Flood Alleviation North Yorkshire Archaeological Desk-based Assessment Report no. 2555 January 2014 Client: Royal HaskoningDHV Archaeological Services WYAS Report No. 2555 Filey Flood Alleviation Filey Flood Alleviation North Yorkshire Archaeological Desk-based Assessment Summary An archaeological desk-based assessment was undertaken on land surrounding the seaside town of Filey, North Yorkshire in advance of proposed flood alleviation works. It is proposed to establish two large ponds at the north of town and to create a series of channels, embankments and culverts in the north and the south of the town. There is evidence for prehistoric activity in the area and a signal station was built on Carr Naze in the later Roman period. The settlement of Filey was probably established in the Anglo-Saxon period and it remained a small fishing village throughout the medieval and post-medieval period. The increase in popularity of seaside tourism and the building of the railway in the 19th century resulted an increase in the size and population of the town. Archaeological Services WYAS Report No. 2555 Filey Flood Alleviation Report Information Client: Royal HaskoningDHV Address: WestOne, 114 Wellington Street, Leeds, LS1 1BA Report Type: Desk-based Assessment Location: Filey County: North Yorkshire Grid Reference: TA 1126 8086 Period(s) of activity Prehistoric to Modern Report Number: 2555 Project Number: 4154 Site Code: FFA13 Date of report: January 2014 Project Management: Jane Richardson BSc MSc PhD MIfA Report: Alexandra Grassam BA MSc Illustrations: Alexandra Grassam Photography: Alexandra Grassam Research: Alexandra Grassam Authorisation for distribution: ------------------------------------------------------ © Archaeological Services WYAS 2014 PO Box 30, Nepshaw Lane South, Morley, Leeds LS27 0UG Telephone: 0113 383 7500 Email: [email protected] ISOQAR ISO 9001:2008 Cert. No. 125QM8003 ii Archaeological Services WYAS Report No. 2555 Filey Flood Alleviation Contents Report information ................................................................................................................ ii Contents ................................................................................................................................ iii List of Figures .......................................................................................................................iv List of Plates ..........................................................................................................................iv Acknowledgements ...............................................................................................................iv 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 Site location and topography ........................................................................................ 1 Geology and soils .......................................................................................................... 1 2 Information Sources ................................................................................................... 1 Archaeological archives and databases ......................................................................... 1 Designated heritage assets ............................................................................................ 2 Published and unpublished sources .............................................................................. 2 National Mapping Programme data .............................................................................. 2 Site visit ........................................................................................................................ 2 3 Assessment Criteria .................................................................................................... 2 4 Archaeological Baseline .............................................................................................. 3 Study area...................................................................................................................... 3 Designated heritage assets ............................................................................................ 3 Previous investigations ................................................................................................. 4 Archaeological background and heritage assets ........................................................... 4 5 Catalogue of Heritage Assets and Investigations ..................................................... 8 6 Impact Assessment and Mitigation ......................................................................... 25 Recorded heritage assets ............................................................................................. 25 Potential sub-surface remains ..................................................................................... 25 Further assessment and mitigation recommendations ................................................ 26 7 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 26 Figures Plates Bibliography iii Archaeological Services WYAS Report No. 2555 Filey Flood Alleviation List of Figures 1 Site location 2 Plan of the proposed flood alleviation works showing study area and catalogued heritage assets 3 Extract from a reproduction of the 1788 Filey Enclosure Map (East Riding Archives Ref. IA61) showing the showing the study area and the proposed works 4 Combined extracts from the 1852 Ordnance Survey Map 6 inch edition (sheets 110 and 94) showing the study area and the proposed works 5 Combined extracts from the 1913 Ordnance Survey Map 6 inch edition (sheets 110 NE and 94 SE ) showing the study area and the proposed works 6 Combined extracts from the 1928 Ordnance Survey Map 6 inch edition (sheets 110 NE and 94 SE ) showing the study area and the proposed works 7 Combined extracts from the 1938 Ordnance Survey Map 6 inch edition (sheets 110 NE and 94 SE ) showing the study area and the proposed works List of Plates 1 Proposed site of Pond A, facing east 2 Proposed site of Pond A, facing north-west 3 Proposed site of Pond B, facing south-west 4 Proposed site of Pond B, facing south 5 Proposed location of channel running east into Pond A, facing west 6 Proposed location of culvert running east from Pond B, facing west 7 Proposed location of culvert running east from Pond B, facing east towards caravan park 8 Proposed location of channel and embankment at south-west side of Filey, facing south-east towards Filey School 9 Proposed location of channel at south-east side of Filey, facing north-east along playing field boundary 10 Proposed location of channel at south-west side of Filey, facing north-west towards Filey Dams 11 View along Carr Naze and site of Roman Signal Station, facing east 12 View from Country Park south towards Filey town Acknowledgements ASWYAS would like to thank Scarborough Borough Council for the provision of the modern Ordnance Survey mapping for the project. iv Archaeological Services WYAS Report No. 2555 Filey Flood Alleviation 1 Introduction Archaeological Services WYAS (ASWYAS) was commissioned by Royal HaskoningDHV, to undertake a desk-based assessment on land around Filey, North Yorkshire in advance of flood alleviation works. The works comprise the creation of two ponds, embankments, drains and culverts around the outskirts of the town. An assessment of the significance of any recorded heritage assets within 250m buffer zone around Filey has been undertaken, together with an assessment of any potential impacts, in line with the requirements of National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF; Chapter 12: ‘Conserving and enhancing the historic environment’, paragraph 128). Site location and topography The town of Filey is located on the east coast, approximately 15m north of Bridlington and 12km south of Scarborough (centred at TA 1129 8086). The proposed development areas all lie on the outskirts of the town (Fig. 2) in areas used for agriculture, predominately arable cultivation. The land here lies at a height between approximately 40m and 45m AOD. Geology and soils The solid geology in Filey comprises Ampthill Clay and Kimmeridge clay formations. A band of upper calcareous grit formation sandstone runs east-west to the north of the town. A superficial deposit of Devensian Till occurs throughout the study area (http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home.html). The soils in the study area are of the Bulingham 2 classification, described as deep fine loamy soils with slowly permeable subsoils and slight seasonal waterlogging (Soil Survey of England and Wales 1983). 2 Information Sources The following sources of information have been consulted in order to meet the requirements of the desk-based assessment and are in line with guidelines laid down by the Institute for Archaeologists (IfA 2011). Where sites listed in the catalogue (Section 5) are mentioned in the text, the relevant catalogue numbers are given in bold-type. Archaeological archives and databases Information on recorded heritage assets and archaeological investigations within a 250m buffer around the edge of Filey was obtained from the North Yorkshire Historic Environment Record (HER) and the English Heritage’s National Monuments Record (NMR) through PastScape (http://www.pastscape.org.uk/). The holdings of the North Yorkshire County Record Office, Northallerton, and the East Riding Archives, Beverley,