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Reproductive Module - Phase I 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 Reproductive Module - Phase I Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Sri Jayewardenepura 2 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 Introduction The reproductive system is a unique system in three aspects. 1. The reproductive system is specialized to perpetuate the species and transfer genetic material from generation to generation whereas the functions of the other systems are to sustain the individual. 2. The structure and the functions of the reproductive organs differ significantly in males and females. 3. The reproductive system is not functional at birth but matures only at a certain period in life in contrast to the other systems which are functional at birth or shortly thereafter. The sexual reproduction requires the production of two types of gametes, the species has a male and female forms, each with its own unique reproductive system. The functions of the female reproductive system are more complex than the functions of the male reproductive system. The functions of male reproductive system are to produce the male gametes, spermatozoa and to transfer them to the female through the process of coitus (sexual intercourse). The female produces her own gametes called ova and her reproductive organs are specialized to receive male gametes provide a site for fertilization, development of the embryo and fetus and delivery of a baby. The reproductive system of the female also provides means of nourishing the baby through the secretion of the mammary glands in the breast. This is a very exciting module where you would learn not only about your own sex but about the opposite sex which will be important to you in future. In order to facilitate you learn the reproductive system case scenarios are given based on problems you are likely to encounter as a medical student. During this module a wide variety of teaching/learning methods will be used i.e. lectures, small group discussions, tutorials, audiovisual presentations, practicals, 3 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 cadaver dissections, prosected specimens, models, IT laboratory based activities, language, communication skills and laboratory based activities. Good luck and all the best for you and hope you would enjoy this module! Module committee Dr. W.A.N.Y. Silva (Chairperson, Department of Physiology) Dr. Varuni Tennakoon (Convener , Department of Anatomy) Prof. S. G. Yasawardene (Department of Anatomy) Prof. D. M. S. Fernando (Department of Physiology) Prof. S. Suresh (Department of Biochemistry) Dr. Sajith Edirisinghe (Department of Anatomy) Dr. K. A. Athukorala (Department of Physiology) Dr. P.P.R. Perera (Department of Biochemistry) 4 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 General Objectives At the end of the respiratory module, the student should be able to: 1. describe the normal structure, function and regulation of the female and male reproductive systems, the process of fertilization, pregnancy, partus, puerperium and lactation by learning and applying the basic sciences. 2. apply the above knowledge to a few common clinical situations (subfertility, labour) to explain how the anatomy physiology and biochemistry are altered in the given situations. 5 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 Main content areas Main content area Lectures Practical/Dissections Tutorials/SGD (Hours) No. of (3hrs) No. of (2hrs) sessions sessions 06,01 - - 1. Sexual differentiation and development of the female and male reproductive systems (Anatomy, Physiology) - 01 - 2.External genitalia (Anatomy) 02 - 01 3.Puberty (Physiology) 01 01(1hr session) 01 4.Breast (Anatomy) 5.Pelvis and Perineum (Anatomy) 03 03 01 03,00 01,02 6.Female reproductive system (Anatomy, Physiology) 01,03 03,02 04,01 01,01 7. Male reproductive system (Anatomy, Physiology) 05 01 01 8. Fertilization, pregnancy, partus, pueperium and lactation (Physiology) 6 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 Real life situations 1. Sexual differentiation and parturition 2. Puberty 3. Sub fertility 4. Menopause 5. Prostate Cancer 7 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 Reproductive Module - Phase I A-Essential to know B- Good to know C- Nice to know 1. Sexual differentiation and development of the female and male reproductive systems Intermediate Objectives Broad Content Areas Activity Duration Department Describe the process of sexual differentiation Define genetic male and genetic Lecture 1hr Physiology female (A) Sex chromosomal abnormalities (A) The process and the regulation of development of internal genitalia (A) Cells that secrete testosterone, MIS, and explain how they regulate the development of internal genitalia (A) Development of internal genitalia(A) Abnormalities of sexual differentiation. (A) 8 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 1. Sexual differentiation and development of the female and male reproductive systems (continuation) Intermediate Objectives Broad Content Areas Activity Duration Department Describe the development of female and male Embryology- external and internal Lecture 2hrs Anatomy reproductive systems. genitalia (A) Explain the embryological basis for Lecture 2hrs Anatomy the following common congenital anomalies (A) - Hypospadias, epispadias, bicornuate uterus, atresia of the genital organs Describe the development of placenta Implantation(A) Lecture 2hrs Anatomy Decidua(A) Formation of chorionic villi(A) Placental membranes(A) Anomalies of placenta(A) 9 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 2. External genitalia Intermediate Objectives Broad Content Areas Activity Duration Department Describe female and male external genitalia and Penis – root(crura and bulb), Dissection/ 3hrs Anatomy outline the blood supply and the lymph drainage body(corpus cavernosum and Demonstrations spongiosum), glans, prepuce (A) Scrotum (A) Vulva- labia majora and minora,vestibule of vagina, openings of urethra vagina & vestibular glands, clitoris (A) Nerve supply- illioinguinal nerve, pudendal nerve, posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (A) Arterial supply (A) Venous drainage (A) 10 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 3. Puberty Intermediate Objectives Broad Content Areas Activity Duration Department Describe the physiology of puberty Define puberty and adolescence (A) Lecture 1hr Physiology Male and female secondary sexual characteristics (A) Describe the other physiological changes that occur during puberty Lecture 1 hr Physiology (A) Define thelarche, adrenarche, pubarche and menarche (A) SGD 2hrs Physiology Factors that affect menarche (A) Explain the mechanisms that control the onset of puberty (A) 11 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 4. Breast Intermediate Objectives Broad Content Areas Activity Duration Department Describe the macroscopic and microscopic Situation, extent, deep relations, Lecture 1hr Anatomy structure of the breast structure of the breast, blood supply and the lymphatic drainage (A) Dissection/ 1 hr Anatomy Demonstrations Tutorial 2 hrs Anatomy 12 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 5. Pelvis and perineum Intermediate Objectives Broad Content Areas Activity Duration Department Describe the structures which form the pelvic walls Anterior pelvic wall,(A) Lecture 1hr Anatomy the floor and the general arrangement of pelvic Posterior pelvic wall,(A) viscera. Lateral pelvic wall (A) Describe the general arrangement of the perineum. Urogenital diaphragm - superficial Lecture 1 hr Anatomy perineal pouch, superficial perineal muscles, root of penis and bulb of Dissection/ urethra, bulb of vestibular glands, Demonstrations 3hrs Anatomy deep perineal pouch, apex of ischio rectal fossa (A) Tutorial 2 hrs Anatomy Describe the blood supply to the pelvis and Branches of the internal iliac artery, perineum structures supplied and describe the Lecture 1 hr Anatomy course of each branch. (A) - Posterior division- iliolumbar Dissection/ 3 hrs Anatomy artery, lateral sacral arteries and Demonstrations superior gluteal artery - Anterior division- obturator artery, internal pudendal artery, visceral branches- superior vesical, inferior vesical, uterine, vaginal and middle rectal artery. Venous plexuses in the pelvis and their communications. (A) 13 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 5. Pelvis and perineum (continuation) Intermediate Objectives Broad Content Areas Activity Duration Department Describe the main nerve plexus in the pelvis, Lumbar plexus - obturator nerve, Dissection/ 3hrs Anatomy course and the structures supplied lumbosacral trunk (A) Demonstrations Sacral plexus - nerve to the obturator internus and quadrates femoris, nerve to the piriformis, perforating branches of S2 and S3, posterior femoral cutaneous, superior and inferior gluteal nerves, sciatic nerve and the pudendal nerves(A) The origin course, distribution and functions of the autonomic nerves to the pelvis - sympathetic trunk, superior hypogastric plexus/presacral nerve, inferior hypogastric plexus(A) Pelvic splanchnic nerves para- sympathetic fibres from S2,3,4(A) Recall the knowledge on the anal triangle Boundaries, anus, external anal sphincter, ischiorectal fossa, Recall Anatomy pudendal canal(with nerve and vessels) (A) Recall the knowledge on attachments of the Obturatorinternus, piriformis, following muscles levatorani, coccygeus (A) Recall Anatomy 14 14/09/2017 Version 3.0 6. Female Reproductive system Intermediate Objectives Broad Content Areas Activity Duration Department Describe the structure, relations, function and Introduction to the female Lecture 1hr Anatomy regulation of female reproductive system reproductive system (A) Describe the uterus with its relations to the Parts - fundus, body, isthmus and surrounding structures cervix (A) Tutorial 1 hr Anatomy Cavity of the uterus - triangular, internal and external
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