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Background Paper QP2 Heritage Heritage Background Paper JULY 2014 Preface Title of Document Heritage Background paper. Purpose of Document This document provides part of the technical evidence base that informs the Local Plan. Consultation Whilst there is no statutory obligation to consult on Local Plan background papers, it is considered best practice for this process to be undertaken. As such, the document will be made available on the Borough Council’s website www.eastleigh.gov.uk, and the Borough Council’s consultees have been informed through the Planning Policy Newsletter. Statement of Publication The Ordnance Survey mapping included within this publication is provided by Eastleigh Borough Council under Licence from the Ordnance Survey in order to fulfil its public function to make available Council-held public domain information. Persons viewing this mapping should contact Ordnance Survey Copyright for advice where they wish to Licence Ordnance Survey mapping/map data for their own use. The OS website can be found at: www.ordsvy.gov.uk. All mapping ‘© Crown copyright and database rights (2012) Ordnance Survey (LA100019622)’ ii Heritage Background Paper Contents 1 - Introduction Background 1 Definitions 1 2 - Legislative and policy and context Legislation 3 National policies 4 Local policy and guidance 7 3 - History of Eastleigh Borough General 10 A history of each parish: 10 4 - Heritage assets in Eastleigh Borough – a future Built heritage 29 Green heritage 30 Transport heritage 31 Appendix A - Heritage assets in each parish area and Eastleigh List of Assets 33 Appendix B - Historic Parks and Gardens – Eastleigh Borough Hampshire Gardens Trust 42 Historic parks and gardens in Eastleigh Borough 42 Heritage Background Paper July 2014 iii Eastleigh Borough Council N Parish Map J12 Chandler’s Ford Allbrook M3 J13 Eastleigh Bishopstoke R iv J14 e Fair Oak r I t c h e M27 n Horton Heath J4 J5 M27 Key: Borough boundary Parish boundary West End J4 Motorway & junction Railway & station Airport Hedge End J7 Botley J8 Bursledon M27 Hound - Netley Abbey J9 Southampton Water le b m a H r e v i Hamble- R le-Rice © Crown copyright and database rights (2012) Ordnance Survey (LA100019622) Not to Scale Map 1. Map of Parishes in Eastleigh Borough iv Heritage Background Paper Introduction 1 - Introduction Background 1.1 This paper is one of a number of background papers that have been written to provide information about different issues that will need to be understood to develop of the Council’s Local Plan. It assesses the borough’s historic assets to help guide policy and future decisions that may impact on heritage assets, (these terms are defined in the ‘Context’ section of this document). 1.2 The Government’s Statement on the Historic Environment for England 20101 offers their vision ‘that the value of the historic environment is recognised by all who have the power to shape it; that Government gives it proper recognition and that it is managed intelligently and in a way that fully realises it contribution to the economic, social and cultural life of the nation.’ 1.3 This paper forms part of the evidence base constituting part of the Borough’s Local Plan. The Local Plan will provide the Council with a vision and guidance for the future planning of the borough until 2029. 1.4 The paper sets out the current national and local policy context and guidance relating to heritage assets and the historic environment, including the legislative background for statutorily designated assets. 1.5 The paper then briefly reviews the history of the settlements in Eastleigh borough, split into the parish areas. This leads into an assessment of the heritage assets of the borough. Lists of the recognised assets are in Appendix A, p33. Definitions 1.6 There are numerous terms relating to heritage and historic assets that are used for similar purposes. To avoid confusion, the definitions used in this paper are as set out in annex 2 of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF): − Heritage asset – a building, monument, site, place, or area of landscape positively identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions. Heritage assets are the valued components of the historic environment. They include designated heritage assets (see below) and assets identified by the local planning authority during the process of decision-making or through the plan-making process (including local listing). − Designated heritage asset – a world heritage site, scheduled monument, listed building, protected wreck site, registered park and garden, registered battlefield or conservation area designated as such under the relevant legislation. 1 http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.culture.gov.uk/reference_library/ publications/6763.aspx Heritage Background Paper July 2014 1 Introduction − Historic environment – all aspects of the environment resulting from the interaction between people and places through time, including all surviving physical remains of past human activity, whether visible, buried or submerged, and landscaped and planted or managed flora. Those elements of the historic environment that hold significance are called heritage assets. − Significance – the value of a heritage asset to this and future generations because of its heritage interest. That interest may be archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic. 2 Heritage Background Paper Legislative and policy and context 2 - Legislative and policy and context Legislation Listed buildings and Conservation Areas 2.1 The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 gives specific protection to buildings and areas of special architectural or historic interest. This legislation provides protection through statutorily designated Listed Buildings (section 7) and Conservation Areas (section 72): - Listed buildings “Subject to the following provisions of this Act, no person shall execute or cause to be executed any works for the demolition of a listed building or for its alteration or extension in any manner which would affect its character as a building of special architectural or historic interest, unless the works are authorised”. - Conservation Areas “In the exercise (of planning functions), with respect to any buildings or other land in a conservation area, of any functions under or by virtue of any of the provisions mentioned in subsection (2), special attention shall be paid to the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character or appearance of that area”. 2.2 Appendix A of this paper sets out the location of listed buildings and conservation areas in Eastleigh Borough. There are approximately 180 listed buildings in Eastleigh Borough and eight conservation areas at Bishoptoke, Botley, Hamble, Old Bursledon, Old Bursledon Windmill, and Orchards Way at West End, Gaters Mill & Romill Close at West End and Netley Abbey. Scheduled monuments 2.3 Scheduled monuments are protected by The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. This act provides for nationally important archaeological sites to be statutorily protected as scheduled monuments (section 2): “(1) If any person executes or causes or permits to be executed any works to which this section applies he shall be guilty of an offence unless the works are authorised under this Part of this Act. (2) This section applies to any of the following works, that is to say— (a)any works resulting in the demolition or destruction of or any damage to a scheduled monument; (b)any works for the purpose of removing or repairing a scheduled monument or any part of it or of making any alterations or additions thereto; and (c)any flooding or tipping operations on land in, on or under which there is Heritage Background Paper July 2014 3 Legislative and policy and context a scheduled monument. (3) Without prejudice to any other authority to execute works conferred under this Part of this Act, works to which this section applies are authorised under this Part of this Act if— (a)the Secretary of State has granted written consent (referred to below in this Act as “scheduled monument consent”) for the execution of the works; and (b)the works are executed in accordance with the terms of the consent and of any conditions attached to the consent”. 2.4 Scheduled monuments in Eastleigh Borough are listed in Appendix A,p33. Protected historic wrecks 2.5 Protected wreck sites in the UK are designated by order under the Protection of Wrecks Act 1973 for their historical, architectural or artistic importance. This legislation controls activities on these sites. People wishing to dive, or undertake archaeological investigations and certain types of geophysical survey, on these wrecks can only do so with an appropriate licence. 2.6 Section 3 (para. 3.72) refers to an historic wreck event in Hamble River. Register of historic parks and gardens of special historic interest in England 2.7 The national register of historic parks and gardens lists designed landscapes considered to be of national importance to encourage appropriate protection. Although the inclusion of an historic park or garden on the register does not provide statutory controls, local authorities are required by government to make provision for the protection of the historic environment in policies and resource allocation. The National Heritage 1983 Act includes a reference to gardens in the context of ancient monuments. The inclusion of a site on the national register constitutes a material consideration in planning terms, and a local planning authority must take account of the historic interest of a site when determining a planning application. The heritage significance of the site will indicate the priority that is given to protection of the site. 2.8 There is one site in the borough on the national register at the Royal Victoria Country Park, Netley. There are several more on the local Hampshire register – see paras. 2.34-2.35 below and Appendix A. National policies NATIONAL PLANNING POLICY FRAMEWORK (NPPF) 2.9 On 27 March 2012, the Government published the National Planning Policy 4 Heritage Background Paper Legislative and policy and context Framework (NPPF).
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