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A New Genus from the Namaqualand Region of South Africa Matthew V

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A New Genus from the Namaqualand Region of South Africa Matthew V Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 156 (2013) 11–19 brill.com/tve Carinomezium (Coleoptera: Ptinidae): A new genus from the Namaqualand region of South Africa Matthew V. Wood & T. Keith Philips A unique new genus and species of spider beetle from Namaqualand from the Succulent Karoo Biodiversity Hotspot in South Africa is described. The genus Carinomezium gen. n. is characterized by pronounced longitudinal carinae on the elytra, four large rounded setal tufts that cover the pronotum, and the very small body size. The single representative species, Carinomezium namaquaensis sp. n. is diagnosed, described, and illustrated. The phylogenetic placement of this taxon is also discussed. Keywords: Carinomezium, Coleoptera: Ptinidae, new genus, Namaqualand, South Africa, Bostrichoidea, diversity. Matthew V. Wood, Systematics and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Blvd., Bowling Green, KY 42101–3576. [email protected] T. Keith Philips*, Systematics and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Blvd., Bowling Green, KY 42101–3576. [email protected] Introduction lations with restricted distributions; hence the fauna About 25 percent of the described genera of the is most likely still quite poorly known. family Ptinidae, sensu stricto (i.e., including only the South Africa has once again revealed a unique spider beetles and not the anobiids) are found in new taxon from Namaqualand, a western region of South Africa. This currently includes 13 endemic this country that is part of a well-known biodiversity genera, four additional widespread genera, and 47 hotspot containing many endemic taxa. We take this documented species (see Irish 1996a, 1996b; Philips opportunity to document this species making the & Foster 2004; Borowski 2006a, 2006b, 2009; Bell name available for completed but not yet published & Philips 2008; Akotsen-Mensah & Philips 2009; phylogenetic studies. Smiley & Philips 2011; Trimboli & Philips 2011). Spider beetles arguably are one of the most mor- phologically diverse coleopteran families, but they Carinomezium Wood&Philips,gen.n. are a relatively small group including only about 600 Type species: by monotypy: Carinomezium na- species. The recognition of so many genera (and each maquaensis sp. n. often with one or few species) in South Africa in- dicates that there is an amazing degree of morpho- Diagnosis logical diversity in this region. Additionally there is This genus can be recognized by the distinctive raised probably still a lack of biodiversity knowledge as well, carinae on the elytra as well as the inflated setal perhaps in part due to their small body size, incon- covering on the pronotum consisting of two large spicuous coloration, and often relatively small popu- rounded tufts on either side of midline and two Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 156: 11–19, Figs 1–16. [ISSN 0040-7496]. brill.com/tve © Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging. Published by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden. Published 15 July 2013. DOI 10.1163/22119434-00002019 Downloaded from Brill.com10/07/2021 09:57:39AM * Corresponding author via free access 12 Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, volume 156, 2013 smaller rounded lateral tufts. Additionally, this taxon Etymology is the smallest known in southern Africa with an Derived from the Latin “carin” (meaning keel), refer- average size of only 1.1 mm. ring to longitudinal ridges on the elytra; this is com- bined with the ptinid genus name Mezium,oneof Description the other genera that has setal tufts on the prono- Body. very small, average length 1.1 mm, ovoid, tum. convex. Head. Eyes not visible dorsally, small, ovoid, om- Carinomezium namaquaensis Wood & matidial surface facing upwards; vertex very slightly Philips, sp. n. convex, antennal fossae distinct, not continuous be- Figs 1–16 low eye; antennae short in length, distinctly shorter Type material. Holotype: South Africa; Namaqua- than body length, antennomeres stout, 11 anten- land, Soutpan dunes, 31.15S–17.52E/1.8.1989; E– nomeres, second antennomere inserted off center of Y: 2623, litter under bushes, Endrödy & Klimaszew scape near lateral edge; interantennal space between (Deposited in the Ditsong National Museum of antennal insertions narrow, thin carina projecting be- Natural History (formerly known as the Transvaal tween antennal fossae, peaking at middle; clypeus tri- ≈ Museum (TMSA))). – Paratypes: (37) with same angular, width 2/3 width of head below eyes, ante- data; (2) S. Afr.; W. Cape Prov., Lambertsbai coast, rior edge of labrum small and slightly emarginated in 32.07S–18.17E/30.7.1989; E–Y: 2620, litter in middle, mandibular apex is acutely pointed, mentum hummocks, Endrödy & Klimaszew; (1) S. Afr., SW is triangular, with cavity at middle. Cape, Papendorp dunes, 31.38S–18.12E/22.8.1981; Pronotum. Two large swollen setal convexities E–Y: 1830, groundtraps. 64 days, leg. Endrödy- on either side of median line and smaller similar Younga/groundtrap with feces bait; (1) S. Afr., SW convexity on lateral margin formed from densely Cape, Papendorp dunes, 31.38S–18.12E/22.8.1981; packed setae, cuticle surface not visible. E–Y: 1828, groundtraps, 64 days, leg. Endrödy- Elytra. Convex, distinct carinae running length of Younga/groundtrap with feces bait; (1) S. Afr., each elytron dorsally, surface with rows of distinct SW Cape, Nortier farm, 32.03S–18.19E/25.8.1981; large rounded punctures. × E–Y: 1845, groundtraps, leg. Endrödy-Younga/ Thorax. Prosternal process narrow, about 3 as groundtrap with meat bait [NOTE: correct longi- long as wide, approximately parallel sided, apex tude for Nortier Farm is 18.32E]; (1) S. Afr., Cape- slightly expanded, not quite exceeding the pro- Karoo, Zwartskraal farm, 33.10S–22.32E/5.9.1979; coxae posteriorly, slightly extending into mesoster- E–Y: 1640, groundtraps, 50 days, leg. R. Oost- num; mesosternum slightly longer than wide, 2/3 huizen/groundtrap with feces bait (Paratypes in Dit- the length of metasternum at middle, mesoster- song National Museum, National Collection in Pre- nal process between mesocoxae anteriorly adjacent toria (SANC), South African Museum (SAMC), and to procoxae with ventral projections on either side collection of the second author (TKPC)). of apex of prosternal process; posterior margin One should be aware that the last single specimen of metasternum broadly emarginated; mesosternal- record is almost certainly the result of a mislabeled mesepisternal suture absent. specimen and has been omitted from the distribution Abdominal Ventrites. Ventrites very narrow, ap- map (Fig. 16). proximately 1/4 total width of body, first three su- tures visible, 4th less apparent (viewed in glycerin), first abdominal ventrite longest at middle, narrowed Diagnosis This species can be recognized by the three distinc- laterally, 2nd–4th slightly shorter than 1st and sub- nd th tive strongly raised carinae on the elytra and the equal, lengths at middle of 2 –4 ventrites approx- shape of the inflated setal covering on the pronotum th imately equal with some variance laterally, 5 nearly consisting of two large tufts on either side of midline as long as all others combined. and two smaller lateral tufts. With an average size Legs. Short, femora and tibia expanded toward of about 1.1 mm, this spider beetle is the smallest apex, tibiae proportionally similar in length to known in southern Africa. their respective femora; tarsomeres short, 5th the longest; procoxae approximately rounded, meso- × Description coxae more so, nearly 2 diameter of procoxae, Color tan on head and pronotum, dark reddish metacoxae approximately subtriangular; trochanters brown on elytra; body oval, very small, stout, and slightly rounded, protrochanter small, mesotrochan- convex. Length 0.99–1.31 (1.14 ± 0.08) mm (n = ter slightly larger, metatrochanter distinctly larger 46). than either. Downloaded from Brill.com10/07/2021 09:57:39AM via free access Wood & Philips: Carinomezium: a new genus from South Africa 13 Figs 1–4. Carinomezium namaquaensis, adult. – 1, Dorsal habitus; 2, Ventral view; 3, Lateral view; 4, Frontal view. Head dorsally uniformly covered in light brown, Elytral surface lacking setae; three prominent cari- elongate, ovoid shaped scales, vertex anteriorly and nae dorsally extending entire length of each elytron, antennal fossae glabrous; striae visible between an- smaller 4th carina laterally, indistinct small carina terior edge of antennal fossae and vertex (when im- along sutural margin; large punctures in two rows mersed in glycerin), distinctly lighter in color; anten- between each carina, and extending slightly onto nae densely setose, second and apical antennomere ridges; punctures relatively uniform in size, broadly about 2× as long as wide, remainder subequal. gradually concave, shallow in depth, at middle each Pronotum with four setal convexities, apices of puncture separated longitudinally by no more than these rounded, outer covering appearing porous and 1/4 diameter of puncture, rows separated by similar sponge like, stout spike-like setae protruding from distance. some pores, convexities on either side of midline pro- Pro-, meso-, metasternum, and abdominal ven- jecting at ≈30° angle, convexities on lateral mar- trites covered with setal scales, similar to those on gins projecting at ≈45°, medial convexities approxi- head, largely obscuring surface. Metasternum with mately twice the size of lateral convexities. Downloaded from Brill.com10/07/2021 09:57:39AM via free access 14 Tijdschrift voor
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