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TAFSIR As-S'adi TAFSIR As-S’ADI [Surah Fatihah & Juz-30] By Shaykh Abdur-Rahman ibn Nasir as-Sa’di (Translated by Abû Rumaysah) Contents Tafsir of Surah al Fatihah - The Opening (Surah 1) ...............................................................................3 Tafsir of Surah al Naba - The Tidings (Surah 78) ...................................................................................6 Tafsir of Surah al Nazi'at - The Pluckers (Surah 79) ............................................................................ 11 Tafsir of Surah 'Abasa - He Frowned (Surah 80) ................................................................................. 16 Tafsir of Surah al Takwir - The Contracting (Surah 81) ....................................................................... 20 Tafsir of Surah al Infitar - The Fracturing (Surah 82) ........................................................................... 24 Tafsir of Surah al Mutaffifin - The Skimpers (Surah 83) ...................................................................... 27 Tafsir of Surah al Inshiqaq - The Ripping (Surah 84) ........................................................................... 32 Tafsir of Surah al Buruj - The Constellations (Surah 85) ...................................................................... 35 Tafsir of Surah al Tariq - The Night Visitant (Surah 86) ....................................................................... 41 Tafsir of Surah al A'la - The Most High (Surah 87) .............................................................................. 43 Tafsir of Surah al Ghashiyah - The Pall (Surah 88) .............................................................................. 46 Tafsir of Surah al Fajr - Daybreak (Surah 89) ...................................................................................... 49 Tafsir of Surah al Balad - The City (Surah 90) ..................................................................................... 53 Tafsir of Surah al Shams - The Sun (Surah 91) ............................................................................... 56 Tafsir of Surah al Layl - The Night (Surah 92) ............................................................................... 58 Tafsir of Surah al Duha - The Morning Brightness (Surah 93) ....................................................... 61 Tafsir of Surah al Inshirah - Solace (Surah 94) ............................................................................... 63 Tafsir of Surah al Tin - The Fig (Surah 95) ..................................................................................... 65 Tafsir of Surah al 'Alaq - The Clot (Surah 96) ...................................................................................... 66 Tafsir of Surah al Qadr - Power (Surah 97)......................................................................................... 69 Tafsir of Surah al Bayyinah - The Clear Proof (Surah 98) .................................................................... 70 Tafsir of Surah al Zalzalah - The Earthquake (Surah 99)...................................................................... 72 Tafsir of Surah al 'Adiyat - The Charging Horses (Surah 100) .............................................................. 74 Tafsir of Surah al Qari'ah - The Crashing Blow (Surah 101) ................................................................. 76 Tafsir of Surah al Takathur - Rivalry (Surah 102) ................................................................................ 77 Tafsir of Surah al 'Asr - Time (Surah 103) ........................................................................................... 79 Tafsir of Surah al Humazah - The Slanderer (Surah 104) ..................................................................... 80 Tafsir of Surah al Fil - The Elephant (Surah 105) ................................................................................. 81 Tafsir of Surah al Quraysh - The Quraysh (Surah 106) ........................................................................ 86 Tafsir of Surah al Ma'un - Common Kindness (Surah 107) .................................................................. 87 Tafsir of Surah al Kawthar - Abundance (Surah 108) .......................................................................... 88 Tafsir of Surah al Kafirun - The Disbelievers (Surah 109) .................................................................... 89 Tafsir of Surah al Nasr - Help (Surah 110) .......................................................................................... 90 Tafsir of Surah al Masad - Palm Fibre (Surah 111) .............................................................................. 92 Tafsir of Surah al Ikhlas - Purity of Faith (Surah 112) .......................................................................... 93 Tafsir of Surah al Falaq - Daybreak (Surah 113) ................................................................................. 95 Tafsir of Surah al Nas - Man (Surah 114) ........................................................................................... 97 Tafsir of Surah al Fatihah - The Opening (Surah 1) 1) In the Name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the Most Merciful. 2) All praise (and thanks) are for Allah, the Lord of the worlds. 3) The All-Merciful, the Most Merciful. 4) Master of the Day of Judgement. 5) You alone we worship and You alone we ask for help. 6) Guide us (to and on) the Straight Path. 7) The Path of those You have blessed, not of those who have incurred anger, nor of those astray. 1) “In the Name of Allah,” meaning: I begin with every Name belonging to Allah, Most High. This is because the word Name is singular and in the genitive form; therefore it subsumes all of Allah’s Beautiful and Perfect Names. “Allah,” He is the God who is worshipped: the one deserving worship to the exclusion of everything else because of His qualities of divinity, attributes, all of which are perfect. “The All- Merciful, the Most Merciful,” these are two Names proving that He, Most High, is one who possesses a great and all-encompassing mercy that includes everything and embraces every living being. He has decreed it for those who fear Allah, those who follow His Prophets and Messengers: these have unrestricted mercy; anyone else only has a portion of this mercy. Know that one of the principles agreed upon by the Salaf and their Imams is to have faith in Allah and His Attributes, and in the rules determining how they are to be received. So, for example, they believe that he is Rahman and Rahim, possessing the quality of mercy which is extended to its recipients. Therefore, all blessings are one of the resultant effects of this mercy. This principle holds true for all of His Names. It is said concerning the Name, All-Knowing: He is All-Knowing, possessing the quality of knowledge by which He knows everything. He is All-Powerful, possessing the quality of power which makes Him omnipotent etc. 2) “All praise (and thanks) are due to Allah,” this verse eulogises Allah through His perfect Attributes and His actions, all of which are based upon beneficence and justice. To Him belongs perfect and complete praise in every sense. “Lord of the worlds,” the Lord is the One who nourishes and sustains the whole of the creation, meaning everything besides Allah, by the very fact of His creating them, His granting them favour after favour, and His gracing them with immense blessings, the absence of which would preclude any possibility of creation surviving. Every blessing they possess is from Him, Most High. His sustaining creation is of two types: general and specific. The general refers to His creating the creation, providing for them, and guiding them to all that they need in order to have them survive in this worldly life. The specific refers to His sustaining His friends (awliya´) with faith, allowing them conform to it, perfecting and completing it for them, repressing all that would make them turn away from it, and curbing any barriers that may be set up between them and Him. The reality of this can be expressed as, ‘Granting them the divine accord to every good and safe-guarding them against all evil.’ Perhaps it was due to this that most of the supplications made by the Prophets employed the word ‘Lord’: all they wanted and asked for was covered by His specific lordship. His saying, “Lord of the worlds” proves that He alone is the Creator and that all affairs are regulated by Him as is the provision of blessings. It also proves that He is completely Rich Beyond Need and that creation is in total and dire need of Him alone in every sense and in every possible way. 3) “The All-Merciful, the Most Merciful.” 4) “Master of the Day of Judgement,” a master is a person who has the quality of ownership, from the consequences of which is the ability to command and prohibit, reward and punish, and to dispose of his subjects and possessions in any way he wishes. In this verse, mastery has been appended to the Day of Judgement, the Day of Rising, the Day on which man will be judged for his actions – the good and the bad. This is because on that Day the completeness and perfection of His mastery, justice and wisdom will be made clear to all. Moreover, man will realize that any mastery of created beings has ended, so much so that kings, ministers, slaves and the free-born will all be the same: all of them yielding to His greatness, rendered in complete submission before His magnificence, expectant of His recompense, hoping for His reward and fearing His punishment. The point
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