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Mainstreaming Open Data in Transport Projects in St TRANSPORT & ICT GLOBAL PRACTICE OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES FOR MAINSTREAMING OPEN DATA IN TRANSPORT PROJECTS IN ST. PETERSBURG DECEMBER 2014 1 Contents Acknowledgments...................................................................................................................... 2 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction and Context............................................................................................................ 5 Urban transport in Russia and St. Petersburg......................................................................... 5 The National Urban Transport Improvement Project............................................................... 6 This Study .............................................................................................................................. 7 A Brief Primer on Open Transport Data...................................................................................... 8 Open Data.............................................................................................................................. 8 Open Transport Data.............................................................................................................. 8 International examples of Open Transport Data relevant to the St. Petersburg project........... 9 Parking Management.........................................................................................................10 Traffic Management System ..............................................................................................10 Passenger Information System ..........................................................................................11 World Bank and Open Transport Data...................................................................................12 Transport data in St. Petersburg ...............................................................................................13 Overview of municipal structure in St. Petersburg transport sector........................................13 Local supply of transport data - assessment and opportunities..............................................15 Local demand for transport data............................................................................................18 Potential barriers and perceived risks of Open Transport Data..............................................20 Overall Assessment of Transport Data in St. Petersburg.......................................................22 Potential contribution of Open Transport Data to St. Petersburg’s Transport Objectives...........25 Recommendations....................................................................................................................28 Recommendations for St. Petersburg....................................................................................28 Recommendations for the Federal Ministry of Transport .......................................................31 1 Acknowledgments: This report was prepared by James Wong, Vitaly Vlasov, Andrew Stott, and Alla Morrison. Thanks to colleagues within the World Bank and external experts who have contributed to and commented on this paper in draft. It is based on discussions with officials in the transport bodies in St. Petersburg, with the developer and business community in St. Petersburg and a meeting with the Federal Ministry of Transport. It also draws on the increasing body of evidence and examples in the value of Open Transport Data from other cities worldwide. We would like to thank all of them for their time and their willingness to share their views and expertise. Standard Disclaimer: This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. Copyright Statement: This report, created by The World Bank, is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CCBY3.0) license. 2 Executive Summary The World Bank conducted this study of the potential for Open Transport Data in St. Petersburg as part of the preparations for the National Urban Transport Improvement Project in Russia. It is principally intended for use by the St. Petersburg transportation authorities, the Federal Ministry of Transport and the Project Implementation Unit in considering and implementing open data as part of the new systems being developed as part of the Project. There are already good examples of transport information systems in St. Petersburg. Most of this information is not currently available for external use, but in the cases where it has been made available - for instance by the Agency “Organizer of Transportation” for real-time bus information - this has been welcomed and well-used by citizens and authorities, despite some current limitations. Within the St. Petersburg component of National Urban Transport Improvement Project there are plans for more transport information systems, including parking information, traffic management and passenger information systems. The conclusion of this report is that the social, economic and environmental benefits of the St. Petersburg project would be enhanced by the greater availability and use by travelers and others of the information collected by these planned systems. Making the information available as Open Transport Data and allowing it to be used for development of innovative third-party applications would be a relatively easy and cost-effective way of leveraging the planned investment to ensure that the information reached the largest number of travelers. Doing so would maximize the desired behavioral changes that drive the benefits and improve the overall return on investment. It is a highly opportune time to consider this as it will be much easier and more secure to implement Open Data in an integrated way with the development of the new information systems themselves. A policy of Open Transport Data would also be consistent with St. Petersburg’s existing policies and program for Open Data as a whole as well as with the Federal Government’s Open Government policies and program. The report identifies a number of potential concerns about Open Transport Data including the need to ensure that the public get reliable and up to date information about the transport system, and the report suggests how these risks could be managed or mitigated in ways which protect and strengthen the overall transportation strategy for St. Petersburg and the reputation and operations of the Committee and subordinate bodies. The report makes six strategic recommendations for the consideration of the St. Petersburg authorities: 3 Develop a coherent Open Transport Data strategic framework and plan for St. Petersburg. Make Open Transport Data an integral part of St. Petersburg’s Urban Transport Improvement project. Engage with developers and potential business data users to understand their needs and priorities. Build capacity among decision-makers and engineers, and consider how to generate innovative solutions to the specific issues of St. Petersburg. Use Open Transport Data to accelerate progress towards an Intelligent Transportation System in St. Petersburg. Work with the Federal Ministry of Transport and with other leading cities in the Russian Federation on common policies and standards for Open Transport Data in Russia. The report also makes five recommendations for the consideration of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation: Promote the use of Open Transport Data to improve passenger information, reduce time and costs of journeys, optimize the use of transport infrastructure and promote economic growth, job creation and innovation in transport applications and services. Set legal and technical policies and standards for the publication of Open Transport Data by the responsible municipalities and other public bodies in the Russian Federation. Set legal and technical policies for standards for the publication of Open Transport Data by relevant Federal bodies including Russian Railways. Include responsibilities for technical standards and for promoting best practice in transport information and Open Transport Data in the terms of reference of the Federal Center for Development of Urban Transport Systems to be established as part of the Urban Transport project funded by the World Bank. Support the release of Open Transport Data by St. Petersburg as a pilot of the use of Open Transport Data in support of Federal Transport policy. The World Bank is well positioned to assist the Transport authorities of St. Petersburg and the Federal Ministry of Transport in taking forward the recommendations of this report. 4 Introduction and Context Urban transport in Russia and St. Petersburg Urban transport is a matter of growing concern not only in great metropolises but also in many medium-sized cities of Russia. Traffic congestion has consistently worsened in many cities, making the commute longer and business costly1. Congestion is symptomatic of the rapid increase of car ownership and use, lack of maintenance of the legacy public transport system2, which has lost and is losing its competitiveness over private cars, and inefficient traffic management. Under
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