NATIONAL BIORESOURCE DEVELOPMENT BOARD Dept. of Biotechnology Government of India, New Delhi

For office use: MARINE BIORESOURCES FORMS DATA ENTRY: Form- 1(general) Ref. No.: (Please answer only relevant fields; add additional fields if you require)

Fauna: √ Flora Microorganisms

General Category: Invertebrata (Zooplankton), Pelagic

Scientific name &Authority: atlantica Guerin – Meneville,1836 Common Name (if available): Synonyms: Author(s ) Status: Phronima atlantica Guerin – Meneville, 1836: 7 Phronima atlantica Voesseler 1901,p.2, pl.2, figs. 1-10

Classification: Phylum: Arthropoda Sub- Phylum:Mandibulata Super class: Class: Crustacea Sub- Class: Malaccostraca Super Order: Order: Amphipoda Sub Order: Super Family: Phronimoidea Family: Phronimidae Sub-Family: Genus: Phronima Species: atlantica Authority: Guerin – Meneville,1836 Reference No.: Guerin–Meneville,F. -E 1836: Description de quelques genres nouveaux de Crustac’es appartenant ‘a la famille des Hyperines. Mag. Zool., Vol. 6, No. 8, pp 1-12.

Geographical Location: Distributed in the tropics and subtropics of the Atlantic and Indian oceans, and in the Mediterranean Sea. Common in the western and eastern parts of the tropical zone of the Pacific Ocean; rare in the central part. Enters higher latitudes: reported south of New Zealand, up to 55°S. Latitude: Place: Longitude: State:

Environment Freshwater: Yes/ No Habitat: Salinity: Brackish: Yes/No Migrations: Temperature: Salt Water: Yes√/No Depth range :

Picture (scanned images or photographs of adult/ larval stages)

Phronima atlantica A – antenna 1 ; B – antenna 2; C – pereopod 1; D – pereopod 2; E – pereopod 4; F – pereopod 5; G – pereopod 6; H – pereopod 7; I – uropods and telson.

DATA ENTRY FORM: Form –2 (Fish/ Shell fish/ Others ) Ref. No.: (Please answer only relevant fields; add additional fields if you require) Form- 1 Ref. No.:

IMPORTANCE Landing statistics (t/y): from to Place: Ref . No.: Main source of landing: Yes/ No Coast: east/ west Importance to fisheries: Main catching method: Used for aquaculture: yes/ never/ rarely Used as bait: yes/no/ occasionally Aquarium fish: yes/ no/ rarely Game fish: yes/ no Dangerous fish: poisonous/ harmful/ harmless Bioactivity: locally known/ reported/ not known Details: Period of availability: Throughout the year – yes/ no If no, months:

SALIENT FEATURES: Morphological: Diagnostic characteristics: The first flagellar segment of the first antenna of the male is stout and profusely hirsute, this is followed by five segments, of which the third and fourth are long. Second antenna has a three- segmented peduncle. Pereopods one and two are sub similar, but the second is longer than first, but compared to those of P. sedentaria they are stout. Segments four to six are pectinate and the inner distal corner of the fifth segment is produced into a triangular spiny lobe, which in the first pereopod is larger than in the second. Second segment of third perepod is only slightly longer than the sixth segment, inner border of segments four to six is prominently hirsute. Fifth pereopod is stout, inner distal corner of segments two and three is not produced, sixth segment is nearly equal in length and breadth, inner distal angle is prolonged into a prominent slightly curved thumb about a third of the length of the segment proper, distal border is produced into two apically blunt process followed by two low triangular elevations, there are also about four submarginal long setae. The sixth and seventh pereopods are sub similar but show difference in length of the second segment just as in P. sedentaria, inner distal corner of the second and third segments is only a small elevation on the fourth segment, the claw is longer than in P. sedentaria and there is a strong spine originating from the inner distal angle of the sixth segment. Peduncle of the first uropod is the longest, about one and one – fourth times the length of that of the third, the latter is broadest and sub equal to that of the second in length, the rami of all the uropods are sub similar, the inner ramus being slightly longer than the outer, inner border of all the rami is serrate and the outer border smooth. Telson is nearly circular and deeply immersed in the abdomen. Sex attributes: Dimorphic Male: 1st antenna well developed , female: 1st antenna reduced. Descriptive characters:

Meristic characteristics: Feeding habit: Main food: Feeding type: Additional remarks: Size and age: Maximum length (cm) (male/ female/ unsexed) 9.0mm Ref. No.: Average length (cm) (male/female/unsexed) Ref. No.: Maximum weight: (g) (male/female/unsexed) Ref. No.: Average weight: (g) (male/female/unsexed) Ref. No.: Longevity (y) (wild): (captivity) Ref. No.: Length/ weight relation ships:

Eggs and larvae: Ref. No. Characteristics: Abundance: Biochemical aspects: Proximate analysis: moisture/ fat/ protein/ carbohydrate/ash Ref. No. Electrophoresis: Ref. No.

SPAWNING INFORMATION: Locality: Main Ref: Season: Fecundity: Comment:

MAJOR PUBLICATIONS (INDIAN): (Include review articles, monographs, books etc.)

Pillai, N.K., 1966a. Pelagic Amphipoda in the collections of the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, India, Part 1, Oxycephalidae. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Crustacea, I. Marine. Biological. Association of India: 169-204.

LIST OF INDIAN EXPERTS (Name, address, phone, fax, e-mail etc.) Dr.K.K.C.Nair Scientist-In-Charge R.C. of NIO, Post Box-1616 Kochi – 682 014

Dr. N. Krishna pillai “Radhika” 65- Champaka Nagar Bakery Junction Trivandrum-695 001