Kerstin JOHANNESSON (Janson)
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(Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the Temperate Southern Hemisphere: the Genera Nodilittorina, Austrolittorina and Afrolittorina
© Copyright Australian Museum, 2004 Records of the Australian Museum (2004) Vol. 56: 75–122. ISSN 0067-1975 The Subfamily Littorininae (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the Temperate Southern Hemisphere: The Genera Nodilittorina, Austrolittorina and Afrolittorina DAVID G. REID* AND SUZANNE T. WILLIAMS Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom [email protected] · [email protected] ABSTRACT. The littorinine gastropods of the temperate southern continents were formerly classified together with tropical species in the large genus Nodilittorina. Recently, molecular data have shown that they belong in three distinct genera, Austrolittorina, Afrolittorina and Nodilittorina, whereas the tropical species are members of a fourth genus, Echinolittorina. Austrolittorina contains 5 species: A. unifasciata in Australia, A. antipodum and A. cincta in New Zealand, and A. fernandezensis and A. araucana in western South America. Afrolittorina contains 4 species: A. africana and A. knysnaensis in southern Africa, and A. praetermissa and A. acutispira in Australia. Nodilittorina is monotypic, containing only the Australian N. pyramidalis. This paper presents the first detailed morphological descriptions of the African and Australasian species of these three southern genera (the eastern Pacific species have been described elsewhere). The species-level taxonomy of several of these has been confused in the past; Afrolittorina africana and A. knysnaensis are here distinguished as separate taxa; Austrolittorina antipodum is a distinct species and not a subspecies of A. unifasciata; Nodilittorina pyramidalis is separated from the tropical Echinolittorina trochoides with similar shell characters. In addition to descriptions of shells, radulae and reproductive anatomy, distribution maps are given, and the ecological literature reviewed. -
Mild Osmotic Stress in Intertidal Gastropods Littorina Saxatilis and Littorina Obtusata (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda): a Proteomic Analysis
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Saint PetersburgFULL State University COMMUNICATION PHYSIOLOGY Mild osmotic stress in intertidal gastropods Littorina saxatilis and Littorina obtusata (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda): a proteomic analysis Olga Muraeva1, Arina Maltseva1, Marina Varfolomeeva1, Natalia Mikhailova1,2, and Andrey Granovitch1 1 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7–9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation; 2 Center of Cell Technologies, Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky prospect, 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation Address correspondence and requests for materials to Arina Maltseva, [email protected] Abstract Salinity is a crucial abiotic environmental factor for marine animals, affecting their physiology and geographic ranges. Deviation of environmental salin- ity from the organismal optimum range results in an osmotic stress in osmo- conformers, which keep their fluids isotonic to the environment. The ability to overcome such stress is critical for animals inhabiting areas with considerable salinity variation, such as intertidal areas. In this study, we compared the reac- tion to mild water freshening (from 24 to 14 ‰) in two related species of inter- tidal snails, Littorina saxatilis and L. obtusata, with respect to several aspects: survival, behavior and proteomic changes. Among these species, L. saxatilis is Citation: Muraeva, O., Maltseva, A., Varfolomeeva, M., Mikhailova, N., more tolerant to low salinity and survives in estuaries. We found out that the Granovitch, A. 2017. Mild osmotic response of these species was much milder (with no mortality or isolation re- stress in intertidal gastropods Littorina saxatilis and Littorina obtusata (Mollusca: action observed) and involved weaker proteomic changes than during acute Caenogastropoda): a proteomic analysis. -
Phd / Species Recruitment and Succession on Coastal Defence
The influence of engineering design considerations on species recruitment and succession on coastal defence structures by Juliette Jackson, Plymouth University A thesis submitted to Plymouth University in partial fulfilment for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre School of Marine Science and Engineering December 2014 I II This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and that no quotation from the thesis and no information derived from it may be published without the author's prior consent. III IV AUTHOR'S DECLARATION At no time during the registration for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy has the author been registered for any other University award. Work submitted for this research degree at the Plymouth University has not formed part of any other degree. Relevant scientific seminars and conferences were regularly attended at which work was often presented; external institutions were visited to forge collaborations and a contribution to two collaborative papers made, which have been published. Further papers with the author of this thesis as first author are in preparation for publication. Publications: Firth, L. B., R. C. Thompson, M. Abbiati, L. Airoldi, K. Bohn, T. J. Bouma, F. Bozzeda, V. U. Ceccherelli, M. A. Colangelo, A. Evans, F. Ferrario, M. E. Hanley, H. Hinz, S. P. G. Hoggart, J. Jackson, P. Moore, E. H. Morgan, S. Perkol-Finkel, M. W. Skov, E. M. Strain, J. van Belzen, S. J. Hawkins (2014). “Between a rock and a hard place: environmental and engineering considerations when designing flood defence structures” Coastal Engineering 87: 122 – 135 Firth L.B., Thompson, R.T., White, F.J., Schofield, M., Skov, M.W., Hoggart, S.P.G., Jackson, J., Knights, A.M. -
WMSDB - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base
WMSDB - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base Family: TURBINIDAE Author: Claudio Galli - [email protected] (updated 07/set/2015) Class: GASTROPODA --- Clade: VETIGASTROPODA-TROCHOIDEA ------ Family: TURBINIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 (Sea) - Alphabetic order - when first name is in bold the species has images Taxa=681, Genus=26, Subgenus=17, Species=203, Subspecies=23, Synonyms=411, Images=168 abyssorum , Bolma henica abyssorum M.M. Schepman, 1908 aculeata , Guildfordia aculeata S. Kosuge, 1979 aculeatus , Turbo aculeatus T. Allan, 1818 - syn of: Epitonium muricatum (A. Risso, 1826) acutangulus, Turbo acutangulus C. Linnaeus, 1758 acutus , Turbo acutus E. Donovan, 1804 - syn of: Turbonilla acuta (E. Donovan, 1804) aegyptius , Turbo aegyptius J.F. Gmelin, 1791 - syn of: Rubritrochus declivis (P. Forsskål in C. Niebuhr, 1775) aereus , Turbo aereus J. Adams, 1797 - syn of: Rissoa parva (E.M. Da Costa, 1778) aethiops , Turbo aethiops J.F. Gmelin, 1791 - syn of: Diloma aethiops (J.F. Gmelin, 1791) agonistes , Turbo agonistes W.H. Dall & W.H. Ochsner, 1928 - syn of: Turbo scitulus (W.H. Dall, 1919) albidus , Turbo albidus F. Kanmacher, 1798 - syn of: Graphis albida (F. Kanmacher, 1798) albocinctus , Turbo albocinctus J.H.F. Link, 1807 - syn of: Littorina saxatilis (A.G. Olivi, 1792) albofasciatus , Turbo albofasciatus L. Bozzetti, 1994 albofasciatus , Marmarostoma albofasciatus L. Bozzetti, 1994 - syn of: Turbo albofasciatus L. Bozzetti, 1994 albulus , Turbo albulus O. Fabricius, 1780 - syn of: Menestho albula (O. Fabricius, 1780) albus , Turbo albus J. Adams, 1797 - syn of: Rissoa parva (E.M. Da Costa, 1778) albus, Turbo albus T. Pennant, 1777 amabilis , Turbo amabilis H. Ozaki, 1954 - syn of: Bolma guttata (A. Adams, 1863) americanum , Lithopoma americanum (J.F. -
2020 Annual Report
EMBRC: 2020 annual report Marine biodiversity is becoming an increasing concern with climate change and marine pollution, and, as a result, is of high relevance in the forthcoming UN Decade of the Ocean and Europe’s Green Deal. One of EMBRC’s principal activities is the provision of access to marine biodiversity, in all its forms. EMBRC Operators include some of the oldest marine institutes in the world and operate long-term observations, host biodiversity monitoring activities, and conduct research. In order to provide holistic information on biodiversity composition at these sites, EMBRC will establish EMO BON, a coordinated European Marine Omics Biodiversity Observation Network across its partners. This will constitute a new approach for EMBRC, and a step in a new direction, toward data generation and long-term observation. EMO BON presents an important need for the EMBRC user community and the opportunity to start filling the void in biological observation that we currently face in regard to physical and chemical observation. This is also an exciting opportunity to generate data for the marine microbiome studies currently in progress, and support Atlantic strategies, such as the Atlantic Ocean Research Alliance (AORA). Knowledge-based management of our blue planet is only possible by unified global monitoring using comparable data, which, in the case of biodiversity, cannot currently be assessed by remote sensing. In this context, EMBRC wishes to contribute to the global coordination of marine biodiversity by –omics approaches, integrating forthcoming technologies as appropriate. We aim to reach and interact with other relevant initiatives, offering the advantages of a sustainable RI that can support active research and underpin the development and optimisation of new methods. -
Plants and Ecology 2013:2
Fucus radicans – Reproduction, adaptation & distribution patterns by Ellen Schagerström Plants & Ecology The Department of Ecology, 2013/2 Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Fucus radicans - Reproduction, adaptation & distribution patterns by Ellen Schagerström Supervisors: Lena Kautsky & Sofia Wikström Plants & Ecology The Department of Ecology, 2013/2 Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Plants & Ecology The Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University S-106 91 Stockholm Sweden © The Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences ISSN 1651-9248 Printed by FMV Printcenter Cover: Fucus radicans and Fucus vesiculosus together in a tank. Photo by Ellen Schagerström Summary The Baltic Sea is considered an ecological marginal environment, where both marine and freshwater species struggle to adapt to its ever changing conditions. Fucus vesiculosus (bladderwrack) is commonly seen as the foundation species in the Baltic Sea, as it is the only large perennial macroalgae, forming vast belts down to a depth of about 10 meters. The salinity gradient results in an increasing salinity stress for all marine organisms. This is commonly seen in many species as a reduction in size. What was previously described as a low salinity induced dwarf morph of F. vesiculosus was recently proved to be a separate species, when genetic tools were used. This new species, Fucus radicans (narrow wrack) might be the first endemic species to the Baltic Sea, having separated from its mother species F. vesiculosus as recent as 400 years ago. Fucus radicans is only found in the Bothnian Sea and around the Estonian island Saaremaa. The Swedish/Finnish populations have a surprisingly high level of clonality. -
Swedish Lifewatch Asset Report 2010–2016
SwedishSwedish LifeWatch LifeWatch asset– a national report e-infrastructure2010–2016 for biodiversity data Swedish LifeWatch – a national e-infrastructure for biodiversity data Summary Report 2010–2016 2010–2016 Suggested citation: Swedish LifeWatch – a national e-infrastructure for biodiversity data. Summary report 2010–2016. ArtDatabanken SLU 2017. The pdf version of this publication provides interactive hyperlinks. ISBN: 978-91-87853-16-6 (print), 978-91-87853-17-3 (pdf) Print: Tabergs Media Group 2017 Layout and editing: Anna Maria Wremp, ArtDatabanken SLU Illustrations: Katarina Nyberg, ArtDatabanken SLU Cover photo: Frode Wendelbo Photo of bear p 26: Lars Svensson/Mostphotos Portrait photos p 17, 27, 59, 63: Johan Samuelsson. Other photos: Johan Södercrantz (p 4 and 28); Magnus Dahlberg (p 24); Anna Maria Wremp (p 34, 48 and 52) Download pdf at www.slu.se/lifewatch or contact [email protected] for a printed version. CONTENT SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................................................................5 FÖRORD på svenska .............................................................................................................................................................7 Open data – buzz word or virtual opportunities? ............................................................................................................9 Big data, new opportunities and virtual laboratories ..................................................................................................10 -
Complex Male Mate Choice in Marine Snails Littorina
Complex Male Mate Choice in Marine Snails Littorina Sara Hintz Saltin Licentiate thesis Department of Marine Ecology University of Gothenburg Till Mamma, Pappa och Hanna Abstract The ability to recognise potential mates and choose the best possible mating-partner is of fundamental importance for most animal species. This thesis presents studies of male mate choice within the genus Littorina. Males of this genus are sometimes observed to initiate mating with other males or with females of other species. How such suboptimal mating patterns can evolve is the theme of this thesis. In one study we investigated pre-copulatory- and copulation behaviour in L. fabalis and between this species and its sister-species L. obtusata. We found that males preferred to mount and mate with large and more fecund females rather than small females. Males also preferred to track the largest females mucus trails even though these were trails from another species (L. obtusata) although cross-matings were interrupted before completion. In a second study we found that males of three species (L. littorea, L. fabalis and L. obtusata) preferentially followed female trails. This suggests that females add a “gender cue” in the mucus. In the forth species, L. saxatilis, males followed male and female trails at random. Along with experimental evidence for high mating costs and abilities for male L. saxatilis to detect females of a related species, this suggests a sexual conflict over mating frequency. To reduce number of matings females avoid advertising their sex by disguise their mucus. The reason for the different species strategies is that L. -
The Causal Relationship Between Sexual Selection and Sexual Size Dimorphism in Marine Gastropods
Title Document The causal relationship between sexual selection and sexual size dimorphism in marine gastropods Terence P. T. Ng1,a, Emilio Rolán-Alvarez2,3,a, Sara Saltin Dahlén4, Mark S. Davies5, Daniel Estévez2, Richard Stafford6, Gray A. Williams1* 1 The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China 2 Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Vigo, 36310 Vigo Spain 3 Centro de Investigación Mariña da Universidade de Vigo 4 Department of Marine Sciences - Tjärnö, University of Gothenburg, SE-452 96 Strömstad, Sweden 5 Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, U.K. 6 Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, U.K. a Contributed equally to this work *Correspondence: Gray A. Williams, The Swire Institute of Marine Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong E-mail: [email protected] Telephone: (852) 2809 2551 Fax: (852) 2809 2197 Author contribution. TPTN obtained data from all species except L. fabalis and contributed to data analysis, SHS contributed to sampling Swedish littorinids, MSD, RS and GAW to sampling HK littorinids, DE to Spanish samples, and ER-A contributed to Spanish sampling and data analysis. Developing the MS was led by TPTN, ER-A and GAW and all authors contributed to writing the MS and gave final approval for submission. Competing interests. We declare we have no competing interests. Acknowledgements. Permission to work at the Cape d' Aguilar Marine Reserve was granted by the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department of the Hong Kong SAR Government (Permit No.: (116) in AF GR MPA 01/5/2 Pt.12). -
Sequencing a Gene Under Strong Selection Aspartate Aminotransferase in North Atlantic Littorina
Sequencing a Gene under Strong Selection Aspartate Aminotransferase in North Atlantic Littorina Felix Mittermayer Degree project for Master of Science (Two Years) in Biology Degree course in Marine Ecology 45 hec Spring and Autumn 2013 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Gothenburg Examiner: Kerstin Johannesson Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Gothenburg Supervisor: Marina Panova and Mårten Duvetorp Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Gothenburg ABSTRACT 3 INTRODUCTION 4 NATURAL SELECTION, LOCAL ADAPTION AND ALLOZYME VARIATION 4 SPECIES OF LITTORINA IN NORTH ATLANTIC 4 ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE ALLOZYME VARIATIONS IN L. SAXATILIS 6 AIM 7 MATERIAL AND METHODS 8 SAMPLING, SAMPLE PREPARATION AND PHENOTYPING 8 DNA AMPLIFICATION AND SEQUENCING 8 DATA ANALYSIS 10 RESULTS 10 DISCUSSION 11 FUTURE WORK 13 REFERENCES 14 FIGURES AND TABLES 17 2 Abstract Natural selection is one of the driving forces of evolution, to understand it we must gain inside into the molecular mechanics that create genetics variation. Allozymes are variants of an enzyme coded for by different alleles, they are generally considered to be under neutral or weak selection. Aspartate aminotransferase (Aat, EC 2.6.1.1) in the rough periwinkle, Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792), has however shown to be under a very stringed selection regime, Aat is an essential part of the anaerobe energy production is molluscs. The two variants of Aat are found over a vertical gradient, Aat100 is predominant (0.7-0.8) in the surf zone while Aat120 is mainly found (0.8-0.9) in the splash zone. After an extinction event of L. -
Rocky Shore Snails As Material for Projects (With a Key for Their Identification)
Field Studies, 10, (2003) 601 - 634 ROCKY SHORE SNAILS AS MATERIAL FOR PROJECTS (WITH A KEY FOR THEIR IDENTIFICATION) J. H. CROTHERS Egypt Cottage, Fair Cross, Washford, Watchet, Somerset TA23 0LY ABSTRACT Rocky sea shores are amongst the best habitats in which to carry out biological field projects. In that habitat, marine snails (prosobranchs) offer the most opportunities for individual investigations, being easy to find, to identify, to count and to measure and beng sufficiently robust to survive the experience. A key is provided for the identification of the larger species and suggestions are made for investigations to exploit selected features of individual species. INTRODUCTION Rocky sea shores offer one of the best habitats for individual or group investigations. Not only is there de facto public access (once you have got there) but also the physical factors that dominate the environment - tides (inundation versus desiccation), waves, heat, cold, light, dark, salinity etc. - change significantly over a few metres in distance. As a bonus, most of the fauna and flora lives out on the open rock surface and patterns of distribution may be clearly visible to the naked eye. Finally, they are amongst the most ‘natural’ of habitats in the British Isles; unless there has been an oil spill, rocky sea shores are unlikely to have been greatly affected by covert human activity. Some 270 species of marine snail (Phylum Mollusca, Class Gastropoda; Sub-Class Prosobranchia) live in the seas around the British Isles (Graham, 1988) and their empty shells may be found on many beaches. Most of these species are small (less than 3 mm long) or live beneath the tidemarks. -
Micro-Spatial Distribution of Two Sibling Periwinkle Species Across the Intertidal Indicates Hybrdization
Micro-spatial distribution of two sibling periwinkle species across the intertidal indicates hybrdization Andrei I. Granovitch, Alexei N. Maximovich, Alina V. Avanesyan, Zinaida I. Starunova & Natalia A. Mikhailova Genetica An International Journal of Genetics and Evolution ISSN 0016-6707 Volume 141 Combined 7-9 Genetica (2013) 141:293-301 DOI 10.1007/s10709-013-9728-3 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +Business Media Dordrecht. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self- archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com”. 1 23 Author's personal copy Genetica (2013) 141:293–301 DOI 10.1007/s10709-013-9728-3 Micro-spatial distribution of two sibling periwinkle species across the intertidal indicates hybrdization Andrei I. Granovitch • Alexei N. Maximovich • Alina V. Avanesyan • Zinaida I. Starunova • Natalia A. Mikhailova Received: 10 March 2013 / Accepted: 18 July 2013 / Published online: 26 July 2013 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 Abstract Populations of periwinkles Littorina saxatilis intertidal zone, where L. arcana was absent too; (c) there (Olivi 1792) and L.