Republic of Latvia, Acting Through the Treasury
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Latvian Foreign and Security Policy
Supported by: In cooperation with: The Latvian Foreign and Security Policy Yearbook 2018 aims to contribute to the understanding of Latvia’s foreign and security policy decisions and considerations in 2017, as well as assess the opportunities and concerns that await Latvia in 2018. During the past year Latvia saw considerable improvements in its security situation, while simultaneously met with new international and regional challenges. 2018 promises to be a similarly dynamic year full of opportunities and tests. Latvia will have to make brave and strong choices in its foreign and security policy. Supported by: the Parliament of the Republic of Latvia and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia In cooperation with: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Editors: Andris Sprūds, Ilvija Bruģe Authors: Māris Andžāns, Kristiāns Andžāns, Aldis Austers, Reinis Āboltiņš, Una Aleksandra Bērziņa-Čerenkova, Sintija Broka, Ilvija Bruģe, Kārlis Bukovskis, Alina Clay, Lolita Čigāne, Mārtiņš Daugulis, Justīne Elferte, Ilze Garoza, Ojārs Ēriks Kalniņš, Andis Kudors, Imants Lieģis, Žaneta Ozoliņa, Gunta Pastore, Diāna Potjomkina, Edgars Rinkēvičs, Uģis Romanovs, Ojārs Skudra, Andris Sprūds Project coordinators: Ilvija Bruģe, Sintija Broka The opinions expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the positions of the Latvian Institute of International Affairs, Parliament of the Republic of Latvia, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia or Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung or represent the opinion of any government authority or ministry. Translation from Latvian: Ingmārs Bisenieks English language editor: Līvija Uskale Layout: Oskars Stalidzāns Cover design: Kristīne Plūksna-Zvagule This book is published in collaboration with the Publishers Zinātne © Authors of the articles, 2018 © Translation: Ingmārs Bisenieks, 2018 ISBN 978-9934-567-18-6 © Layout: Oskars Stalidzāns, 2018 UDK 327(474.3)”20”(058) © Cover design: Kristīne Plūksna-Zvagule, 2018 Sp950 © Latvian Institute of International Affairs, 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD Andris Sprūds . -
Volume 28, Issue 1 (Spring-Summer 2020)
Volume 28, Issue 1 (Spring-Summer 2020) Volume 28, Issue 1 (Spring-Summer 2020) HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES LATVIA Volume 28, Issue 1 (Spring-Summer 2020) University of Latvia Press Journal Humanities and Social Sciences: Latvia Volume 28, Issue 1 (Spring-Summer 2020) Founded by the University of Latvia Published in collaboration with: Latvian Academy of Culture Latvian Academy of Sciences Latvian Association of Scientists Latvian Writers Union World Federation of Free Latvians Editorial Board Ausma Cimdiņa (University of Latvia) Ainārs Dimants (Turība Business University) Vasudha Garde (University of Pune, India) Hans Jörgensen (Umeå University, Sweden) Raita Karnīte (EPC Ltd.) Janīna Kursīte (University of Latvia) Boris Mattoš (University of Economics in Bratislava, Slovakia) Dali Sekhniashvili (Georgian Technical University) Roberts Škapars (University of Latvia) Ērika Šumilo (University of Latvia) Aivars Tabuns (University of Latvia) Jaak Valge (University of Tartu, Estonia) Andrejs Veisbergs (University of Latvia) Pēteris Zvidriņš (University of Latvia) General Editor Viesturs Pauls Karnups (University of Latvia) Layout Andra Liepiņa Cover design Ieva Krieviņa Correspondence and Contributions: Manuscripts are accepted only in English Publisher: University of Latvia Press Aspazijas 5–132, Rīga, LV-1050, Latvia www.apgads.lu.lv Printed by SIA “Drukātava” © University of Latvia, 2020 ISSN 1022-4483 https://doi.org/10.22364/hssl.28.1 CONTENTS From the Editor .......................................................................................... 4 Karina Viskuba, Veronika Silinevicha Wind Farm Project Results and Innovative Business Models ................... 5 Biruta Sloka, Kate Čipāne, Sabīne Anete Vasina, Emīls Volgasts Digitalisation in Regions of Latvia – Problems and Challenges ................ 30 Kaspars Mucenieks Company Merger and Acquisitions Financial Result Evaluation ............... 46 Matthias Kretschmar Leadership Goes Beyond Management ..................................................... -
Nordic and Baltic Grid Disturbance Statistics 2017
Nordic and Baltic Grid Disturbance Statistics 2017 Regional Group Nordic European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity Table of contents 1 Introduction 5 1.1 History .......................................................... 5 1.2 The Scope and limitations of the statistics ...................................... 7 1.3 Available data in the report ............................................... 8 1.4 Definitions ........................................................ 8 1.4.1 Fault categories ................................................ 8 1.5 Voltage levels in the Nordic and Baltic networks ................................... 9 1.6 Contact persons ..................................................... 10 2 Summary 11 2.1 Summary of Denmark ................................................. 11 2.2 Summary of Estonia .................................................. 11 2.3 Summary of Finland .................................................. 12 2.4 Summary of Iceland .................................................. 12 2.5 Summary of Latvia ................................................... 13 2.6 Summary of Lithuania ................................................. 13 2.7 Summary of Norway .................................................. 14 2.8 Summary of Sweden .................................................. 14 3 Disturbances 15 3.1 Annual number of disturbances during the period 2008–2017 ........................... 15 3.2 Disturbances distributed -
Nordic and Baltic Grid Disturbance Statistics 2017
Nordic and Baltic Grid Disturbance Statistics 2017 Regional Group Nordic European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity Table of contents 1 Introduction 5 1.1 History .......................................................... 5 1.2 The Scope and limitations of the statistics ...................................... 7 1.3 Available data in the report ............................................... 8 1.4 Definitions ........................................................ 8 1.4.1 Fault categories ................................................ 8 1.5 Voltage levels in the Nordic and Baltic networks ................................... 9 1.6 Contact persons ..................................................... 10 2 Summary 11 2.1 Summary of Denmark ................................................. 11 2.2 Summary of Estonia .................................................. 11 2.3 Summary of Finland .................................................. 12 2.4 Summary of Iceland .................................................. 12 2.5 Summary of Latvia ................................................... 13 2.6 Summary of Lithuania ................................................. 13 2.7 Summary of Norway .................................................. 14 2.8 Summary of Sweden .................................................. 14 3 Disturbances 15 3.1 Annual number of disturbances during the period 2008–2017 ........................... 15 3.2 Disturbances distributed