This Ibis Nesting Colony on Carson Lake Pasture., South of Fallon, Will
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•»1 STILLWATER WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AREA *ANAHO ISLAND WWR FALLON NWR REFJGE NARRATIVE REPORT CALENDAR YEAR 1970 FISH AMD WILDLIFE SERVICE BUREAU OF SPORT FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FALLON, NEVADA Refuge Manager, SHI I water Wildlife Management Area March 5, 1971 Fallen, Nevada Assistant Regional Refuge Supervisor Portland, Oregon , Annwat Narrative Report - L*" We found after review that your recent Narrative Report was well prepared and a meaningful summary of last year's activities. Some notes have been taken which we wilt discuss with you during the next refuge Inspection. These are not notes of criticism/, but some questions as to how we might better assist you with on-going projects. Jerold J. Wilson JJWilsonftls COVER PHOTOGRAPH WHITE-FACED IBIS AT CA&SQN IAKE PAST0R1 This ibis nesting colony on Carson lake Pasture., south of Fallon, will be studied more intensively in the future* Colonies in Utah and Texas have ejcperieaced sharp drops in the breeding population and also nesting success. These losses have been attributed to pesticides. Similar losses were not found in the Carson Igtke Pasture colony. These three areas have the largest toowa nesting concen- trations of this species. BTapier * July, 1970 WILDLIFE MAHAGEBfEBT ASIA *A!JAHQ ISLAM) FALLQN HWR KEFUGE HASRATIVS KEPOET XEAH 1970 FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE BUREAU OF 0POET FISBEtlEg AHD WILDLIFE SPATES PEFAHTMiro OF THE IBTERI0H FALLOI., KEVADA IT A B. R A T I V B E 1? f 0 B T WTIDLIFS Year 1970 M. £Lair Aldotis «---***-* lefiage Manager* Jjarry H. Worden - «- -,-.«---• •* lefnge Maaager** tarry D. Hapler «--*.-,*-* Wildlife Biologist Ilia E^ Oress - ^— «..**.,,.»* lefiage 01erk Eugene E. Buffney - *• * - * — - * Biological OJeehaiGiaa Sonald 0, Drifka- -*.*,-*--- gfradent Trainee David g. faullin- --*.-*--- gtiadeat Trainee Manuel Olano>- --_-,--.--.- ~ J^tistenaaceman Foreman 0oy 0. |)yer - - - « * ~ - ~ - - - ©perator deneral (Heavy Duty) Ernest J. Brooks- - - » * - ~• <* -- JfeintenaflGemam iaymond BrazzaTaovia^ **.*--- Bagineerimg Sfiaiianent Operator Delvin 0, Heftry - — _,,.*__-> j^igiiaeeriag %iaipment Operator Marilyn Bliss « - - •» ~ - - * — Seig^borlaood loutm Corps (KI0) transferred from McBary fiefuge, Atagust Zk, 1970 Transferred to Camas Eefugej, Augast 2k, 1970 0 0 22? E I 5 § . ~* " "" "" "" *~ ~* Page I, (Several A. Weather Conditions » «»,.,.*,..,..»..,, l B. Habitat Conditions. „<,.,.......».,,.. 2 II . Wildlife - A. Migratory Birds ,,..»».,«..»*,..,,,. 5 B. tlplaad Game Birds «.,.,..».«. .» . , . , 13 G. Big Game Animals- « . * . „ . * « > * . , ,....», 14 B. Fur Animals,, Predators > EodentSj, Otliej? Animals * ..... Ik 1. Predaeedws Birds. *.*,.» .. , . « . ... , . , » 15 f. Other Birdi; ».,.*»*.,«.,,.,..*..,, li G. Fish. ^ ».,*..,.«..»....,,.,.,, 16 H. Beptiles. «,,,......, 4 .*.,»,..... 17 I» Rare and Eadwagered Species »..-.«.»,.,,«, 17 «T. Blsease .....»» ^ »,,»,........,.« 17 III. Befuge Developiaeiat and Hainteaaace A* Physical Developaent and }feintenaia<s<6* ^ »«,...,. 17 B. Plaatisgs ,.«..*,...,.,,,,.» t ..., a 19 C. ColleQtions and Receipts. .»..,*<,«...,». 19 D. Cmtrol of Vegetatien «..;«...»......... 19 E. PUmaed Baming ,....».........,,, . 20 t* Fires . .,,,.*....,,. , . ..»..,.. 20 IV. Resowree Manage»eiit A. drawing ...,*...»,,., . .».,...,.« go B« Baying,. ,...'»,.,.,».«.,.»»..... ,; , .: ,gi C* Fur larrest ,,........«....,.,..,, 21 D. Timber Reaoval* ..................... gi S. CcwnerGial Fishing. ,,.»,..,.... ...)«» . si Field imveBtigatiQias and Applied Research A. Wildlife Management &b«dy 1 .... ..... ..... ai B. Banding ........................ 22 G, Wood Bueic Kest Boxes, ................. §2 D. Vegetative Survey ....,..«,.,.,.,...* ag E. Shorefeird Stady .,»,..,».»...,..,.,, 2t F» l&isirat trapping. ........... 4 ,...,.,, gij, VI* Public Relations A. Reoreational Uses .».....»,*.,....*,.. 2^ B. Refuge Visitors .,,„......«....»..., 26 C. partiaipatioa ,..,.....»,...*.... , 26 D. Consauniaation With and Serviee fo Ihe Publics, ..... %$ .E. Huating » . , . , :. .. « » .' « « .,..,.» * * * .29 F. Violations, .....*...».„.,.,.„>„.. 30 .....*..*..«..»..»....»* 32 VII* Other Items A* Items of Interest • » <• « ................ 33 B. Anaho Islsmd JTatiomal Wildlife Refuge ......... 36 C, Fanon satioaal Wildlife Refuge .,.....,,,.. \Q D» Signature Page. .,,..*.».,.....«.«., 41 GENERAL A* "{feather Conditions The year 1970 started out to be very typical with the first week of January producing our low temperature for the year. Baring February we had our usual break in weather and daytime temperatures were recorded in the 6Q-degree bracket on 13 of the 28 days-^the mercury even shot up to 71 degrees one day, Rights remained cold, however, the whole month. March, and April followed a normal pattern for this area. The wind blew and it seemed that warm weather would never arrive although temperatures were occasionally recorded in the 70'sWbtit never for more than one day. Our last frost was experienced May 12 and daytime temperatures rose into the 80 to 100-degree bracket with 100-degree temperatures recorded in June, July* and August. Hot many 100-degree days occurred this year, but there were only five days in the July-August period when the mercury failed to climb into the upper 90's. September daytime temperatures cooled afi,d our first frost of the year occurred September l4j giving 197° & 139-"day growing season. October ushered in another of fallen's "fabulous falls" and daytime temperatures continued warm throughout November. December, as is to be expected, had colder days with corresponding low nighttime temperatures. The monthly extremes for December, 60 and 9 degrees respectively, occurred only once during the month, A new norms,! precipitation,, based on a 60-year period, has been estab- lished for the Fallen area. This normal increases precipitation from the ty.90 inches we have used since inception of the Stillwater Area to 5.01 inches. The following chart summarizes weather data obtained from the U.S. Weather Bureau Station maintained at the Nevada State Experiment Farm at Fallen. Precipitation Temperatures 1970 Normal Max. Min. January 0-57 0,5^ 68 3 February ,23 ^2 71 15 March .31 .k& 72 ill- April .05 .47 75 16 my .09 -59 9i 29 Juae 1.75 ,ln 101 38 July .43 -18 101 46 August .13 .14 100 k6 September »22 91 25 October .1*5 87 13 November -31*- -34 76 17 December ,g6 .g? 60 9 Total 4.16 5.01 101 3 Extremes Bi Habitat Conditions Water* Precautionary drawdown on Lahostan Kesearvoir "began in January* *Ehis water usually goes down the rivej* to the Carson Sink, Only a small portion of it can be channelled into Indian Lakes and then to Stillwater Mursh* However, this year Coleman Dam on the river was being repaired so most of the releases during January and February were sent through canals to Stillwater Point fieservoir. All milts were filled and West Pasture was flooded* Cool and sometimes rainy weather prevailed into July which reduced water consumption is the marsh, Ifost units were maintained near operating level until August and September when hot temperatures increased water losses. At this time inflows to Willow-Millen and Swan Lake were stopped because all units eould not be maintained. With these units out of production, the others were raised to desired levels prior to the hunting season, la iovember water was again sent to Willow-Millen and Swan lake. All units were full at the end of the year. 53ie table on the following page Summarizes water receipts and require- ments by the month for Calendar fear- 1970, Annual net receipts were above minimum refuireme&ts but are not surplus to our meeds* !Ehe table shows deficiencies in the primary marsh all during spring and summer months, but surplus water from January through March actually maintained the marsh at operating levfl through part of July. Even with the large figure of nearly 18,000 aere feet surplus to the marsh, aetual defieien- aies did occur in July and August so that inflow had to be stopped from nearly 2,300 acres of habitat, 1<&ter was then siaffieient to maintain the rest of the "units at desired levels and salinities, and good eondi- tions resulted* Jtefieieacles at Pelican Island are shown only for May ant July* Actually, it was almost without water «H avamex and fall. $he large flows durigg the spring months out deep openings in the check dike so that small summer flows could not be Contained in the marsh. OSie total net receipts for the year show a surplus over 80,000 acre feet. However, 59,71^ aere feet of this iasouat cannot be charged to Stillwater* This amount passed the Lower Carson water recorder and went through the pelieaa Islafid area omto the Carson Simk, where it canmot be used. If tiie Paittte Reservoir in Indian Lakes were built, this lost water could be used to maintain units through the summer* It should be pointed out that significantly more water was received from the Canvasback Sun Club this year and less water was delivered to them, '(This is probably a temporary situation as the Club changed care- takers and the new man has not learned their water management practices yet. STIIZ,WATEH MAHASEMEHT AREA WATER SUPPLY CALENDAR YEAR 19?0 (Acre Feet ) JAB FEB MAE APR MAY JUH JPL ATJG SEPT OCT HOY DEC TOTAL CABSOir RIVER BELOW LAHOHTAH 28960 49100 29750 42680 58980 48980 61320 65160 49100 30220 12710 169 477>129 PRIMARY MARSH WATER SUPPLY Diagonal Drain 6400 11630 3210 3530 4ioo 6380 7410 6280 4270 4980 3090 1180 62,460 Canvasbaek Club 375 700 850 1360 3240 2844 2476 950 1022 1790 3354