Document of The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 14888-IN
STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized ANNEXES
NOVEMBER20, 1995
Public Disclosure Authorized South Asia Department II Agriculture and Water Operations Division CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit - Rupees (Rs.)
US$1 = Rs. 32.3 (January, 1995)
FISCAL YEAR
Government of India, State - April 1 to March 31
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES (METRIC SYSTEM)'/
I meter (m) = 3.28 feet (ft) I kilometer (km) = 0.62 miles (mi) 1 hectare (ha) = 2.47 acres (ac) I million cubic meters (Mm3 ) = 810 acre-feet (ac-ft) I million acre-feet (MAF) = 1,235 Mm3 I thousand million cubic feet (TMC) = 28.32 Mm3 I cubic foot per second (cfs or cusec) = 0.028 Mm3 per second (cumec) I cfs = 102.9 m3/hr 1 ton = 1,000 kilograms (kg)
I/ The Metric System has been used in most cases. However, non-metric units are used in some instances, and were also used in this report in cases in which a conversion to the metric system may confuse the reader. INDEX OF ANNEXES
Annex 1 Letter of Development Policy...... 1 I Annex 2 Orissa State Water Policy ...... 6 Annex 3 Institutional Reorganization and Strengthening...... 15 Annex 4 Pricing and Cost Recovery ...... 38 Annex 5 Water Planning ...... 49 Annex 6 Systems Improvement and Farmer Turnover ...... 57 Annex 7 Scheme Completions...... 130 Annex 8 Water Resources Research Fund ...... 151 Annex 9 Agricultural Intensification...... 155 Annex 10 Resettlement and Rehabilitation ...... 162 Annex 11 Indigenous Peoples Development ...... 202 Annex 12 Sectoral Environmental Assessment Summay ...... 233 Annex 13 Training and Technical Assistance...... 254 Annex 14 Public Awareness and Information ...... 286 Annex 15 Criteria for Preparation and Selection of Investments ...... 288 Annex 16 Criteria for NGO Selection...... 291 Annex 17 Baseline Survey Terms of Reference ...... 292 Annex 18 Detailed Project Cost Tables ...... 295 Annex 19 Economic and Financial Analysis...... 335 Annex 20 Schedule of Disbursement ...... 370 Annex 21 Expenditure Prioritization...... 371 Annex 22 Implementation and Supervision Plan (with Attachments): ...377 Attachment 1 Implementation Schedule...... 385 Attachment 2 Implementation Responsibilities ...... 388 Attachment 3 Abstract of Procurement Schedule ...... 393 Attachment 4 IDA Supervision Inputs ...... 399 Attachment 5 Monitorable Indicators of Development Impact ...... 401 Annex 23 Documents in Project Files...... 407
Annex I Page 1 of 5
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Letter of Development Policy
(Letter of July 11, 1995 from Government of Orissa)
Annex 1 GOVERNMENT OF ORISSA Page 2 of 5 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
maJor-Irrg(I)'mB 0 9/95-16269 Dated 11th July, 1995 From: R.N.Das, Chief Secretary, Government of Orissa,Bhubaneswar.
To: Mr. Heinz Vergin, Director, India Department, The World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Dear Mr. Vergin,
Orissa Water Resources Proiect - Policy Reform Proaram
I am pleasedto confirm the commitmentof the Governmentof Orissato improve managementand development of the state's water resources, as per India's National Water Policy, through enhancing institutional capability of Orissa Departmentof Water Resources(D.O.W.R.).
Structural improvementin all the functional areasof D.O.W.R. will be carriedout in orderto enhance efficiency of public expendituresin the water sector by establishingmulti-sector water planning, requisite prioritisation in implementationof water sector projects and providing more productive irrigation services from the existing projects with the objective of improving agriculture productivity in the state. The State Government is also committed to develop an efficient cost recovery mechanism, and to involve the beneficiariesin operationand maintenance,thereby ensuringsustainability of the Irrigationsystems through adequatemaintenance.
The State Governmentproposes to achieve the above objectives through implementationof the Water ResourcesConsolidation Project, with the World Bank assistance.In this context, the Government of Orissa has approveda Policy Reform Programas detailed in the attached matrix, which also shows the implementa-ionschedule for completingthe proposed policy reforms.
TheState Governmenthas alreadytaken a few significant steps towards implementingthe proposed reforms, during the courseof project preparationfor W.R.C.P. A State Water Policy has beenestablished in line with the National Water Policy of 1987. State Water ResourcesBoard has been establishedwith representativesof key water using Departmentsof the state to ensure optimal use of the state's water resourcesfor various uses. A standing committee has been constituted to overseethe basin planning of water resourcesand environmentalimpact assessment.A new R&Rpolicy has beenintroduced in the state. A Water ServicesCost and ChargesCommittee has been set up by the State Governmentfor review of water charges on annualbasis to enhancethe water rates for all services in different sectors.
The State Governmenthas also agreedin principleto reorganisethe Orissa Irrigation Department, which has been renamedas Water ResourcesDepartment, by creating specialisedstaff and line units for water planning, designs, operation and maintenanceand project construction. The state has decided to adopt a policy of expenditureprioritisation in the water sector, by giving first priority to full funding of O&M of existing facilities, followed by rehabilitation and modernisationof Irrigation systems, and thereafter to viable investmentsto complete ongoing schemesexpeditiously.
With regards,
Attachment Yours Sincerely
IR.>N Annex 1 Page 3 of 5
Attachment ORISSA WATER RESOURCESCONSOLIDATION PROJECT PROPOSEDPOLICY REFORMS
Policy Issue Proposed Actions Current Status and Time Schedule
1. Institutional - Reformulation of Irrigation Reformulation has been Capability Department as Department done on March 31,1994 Enhancement of Water Resources (DOWR)
- Reorganisation of DOWR Reorganisation agreed along functional responsibility by State Government in and decentralised lines by principle. creating specialised staff and line units for water plannning, designs, operation and maintenance and project construction;
- issue of government orders orders to be issued by for reorganisation; July 15, 1995.
* completing transfers /placement to be completed by of officials in the organised July 30, 1995. set up;
f ormulating position and job to be completed by descriptions for each functionary; July 31, 1995.
- approval of a policy on delegati- to be approved by on of authority for selection, September 30, 1995. placement and discipline to appropriate Unit heads;
providing staff benefits and orders to be issued by incentives for work in specialised September 30, 1995. fields to provide continuity and expertise build up;
- improve management procedures to be introduced by in planning,financing &monitoring March 31, 1996. by introducing program & budget development, program tracking, cost accounting;
- establishing management to be established by information system (MIS) June 30, 1996.
constituting State Project Moni- to be constituted by toring Committee for WRCP July 15, 1995. Annex 1 Page 4 of 5
Po,icy Issue ProposedActions Current Status and Time Schedule
2. Water Resources- establishment of State Water established in October Policy & Planning ResourcesBoard; 1993 under the Chairmanshipof State Chief Secretary.
- declaration of State notified on April 25,94. Water Policy;
- establish Water Planning to be established by Organisation; July 31, 1995.
Basin Planning
- preliminary basin study of all completed for five river eleven river basins of the state;basins covering about 70% of the state, to be completed for two basins by June 1996; for two basins by June 1997 for two basins by June 1998.
- secondary study with to complete for one hydrologic, economic and basin by June 1995; environmental models; one basin by June 1996; three basins by June 1997; two basins by June 1998; & four basins by June 1999.
- basin wise final study of to complete for five all basins: basins by June 1997; two t5asinsby June 1998 & four basins by Dec.1999.
- integrated state river basin to complete by plan: January 2002.
3. Water Services - assign full funding for works from financial year component of O&M as first 1995-1996. charge in DOWR annual budget;
2 Annex 1 Page 5 of 5
Policy Issue ProposedActions Current Status and Time Schedule
4. Cost Recovery - constitute Water Services constituted on Costs & charges committee January 3, 1995. for annual review of water charges for all uses;
- enhance water charges from enhancement will be done all sectors for all services to in phases as follows; recover full O&M cost; by March 1996 - to recover 50% of. full O&M cost; by March,1998 - to recover 80% of full O&M cost and by March,2000 - to recover full O&M cost.
5. Beneficiary - issue of government Policy to be issued by September 30, participation and declaration along with model 1995. turn over to Bye-laws and Memoranda of farmers. Understanding.
6. Resettlement & - declaration of State Policy on Declared and effective from Rehabilitation. R&R of Project Affected September 1, 1994. Persons;
- establishing R&R Directorate directorate established in March with full staff; 1994, has been fully staffed by March 31,1995.
7. Environment - establish Environment units to be established by July 31, Protection in DOWR; 1995.
- placement of full staff in units; to be completed by Sept. 30, 1995.
3 - 6 - Annex 2 Page 1 of 9
INDIA ORISSAWATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
WATERPOLICY FOR ORISSA'
' Source: Governmentof Orissa. Issuedin November1994.
- 7 - Annex 2 Page 2 of 9
GOVERNMENTOF ORISSA
STATEWATER POLICY OF ORISSA
DEPATMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
-8- Annex 2 Page 3 of 9
STATE WATER POLICY OF ORISSA
PREAMBLE - The National Water Policy of 1987 recognizes that water is a prime natural resource and a basic need of human life. The planning and development of water and related land resources of the State shall be directed to improve in the quality of life as well as contAibutions -to environmental quality. In the State of Orissa, the principles enunciated in the National Water Policy shall be followed. In view of the relatively low status of water Lesources development and majority of the population being poverty strickern, it has become necessary to address the issues relevant to the State within the framework of national and global water policy through a State Water Policy. While significant expansion of the area under irrigated agriculture has been achieved during the past four and half decades, further expansion of irrigation and its sustainability would be constrained by several complex and inter-related factors in future. The deterioration of existing irrigation systems and the problems of waterlogging and salinization are areas of deep concern for the water planners. In the United Nations Water Conference hold in 1977 at Mardel Plata, it 'was agreed that accelerated, development and orderly management of water resources are prerequisites in- improving the economic and social conditions of human kind. Specific and concerted action are required to find solutions to various water problems and these need to be applied at national, regional and international levels in order to ensure better quality of life of all people in the Planet. Tfieconference I aid down stress on sustainable development of all sectors, which conseLrves land, water, plant and animal genetic resources, and is 'environmentally non-degrading, technically appropriate, economically viable and socially acceptable". OBJECTIVES Within the broad framework of the National Water Plan objectives, the specific objectives of-Ori-ssa are (i) Development of water resources available within the category of utilisable resource to the maximum possible extent for economic development, especially by efficient use of water for agriculture.
(ii) Maxinum econonic benefits through judicioiusconjunctive use of both surface and groundwater.
(iii) Judicious allocation of water resource to different sectors with d-inking water odcupyi'ng top-priority in order to satisfy the basic need of the.people. Annex 2 -9- Page 4 of 9
2
(iv) Promotion of equity, social justice and balance regional development. Special efforts should be made to extend the benefits of water use primarily by extending irrigation facilities to econonically backward areas and chronically drought prone areas. (v) Provision of adequate watez for drinking and industrial use. (vi) Provision of flood protection and drainage facilities.
(vii) Regulation of land use in flood and drainage prone areas.
(viii) Maintenance of water quality to internationally acceptable standards. (ix) Optimization of economic benefits by multipurpose use of water for hydropower generation.
(x) PreservAtion and enhancement of fisheries and wild life. (xi) Provision Of social jvustice and adhquate rehabilitation measures for persons displaced or adversely affected by project.constructionso that project affected persons are as well or better off than that of previous situation. (-xii) Planning procesRv and mechahisns should alm at resoldtion of - co0n,flcts .bptveen u.sers within and between inter-State river basins.
(xiii) Promotion of citizen participation in all aspects of water planning and management. - (xiv) Handing over of operation and maintenance of irrigation systems to the users in due course. (xv) Eoononic, firancial -and p'hysIcal sustainability thorough. effective operation, maintenance and management and also based on the principle that the beneficiaries pay for the services provided. (Xvi) Observance of safety standards in respect of storage dams and other water related structures. IMPLEMENTATICN
The implementation of Orissa's Water Resources Policy will be carried out by the Department of Water Resources (DOWR). The Water Resources Board (WRB), formed in October 1993, is the highest co-ordinating body on water planning and allocation between sectors and provides guidance to the DOWR. Representation on the Board covers the key Water using Departments of Government (inter alia secretaries of Water Resources, Urban Development, Industry, Rural Development, Agriculture, Energy, Environment, Fisheries, Panchayati Raj). Annex 2 -10- Page 5 of 9
.3 WRB will be assisted by DOWR's Water Planning Organisation (WPO) whose Director is the Member-Secretary of the WRB. The DOWR would make proper allocation of water to different users and to protect water from deterioration from established standard and upsetting ecological balance. The Government through appropriate agencies shall provide .aeans and measures to manage beneficially all aspects of water development' including timely control of ground-water levels, restriction or treatment of wastes and altered inflows, maintenance of appropriate water quality, preservation of the environmental and ecological balance, forecasting of supplies and_ directive of individual project operation to meet developmental goals and policies.
Actions needed for sustainable development of water. resources of the state are - (a) Assessment of water resources (b) Water use efficiency (c) Environment health and pollution control Cd) Policy, Planning and management (e) Hazard management
(f) Public information, education, training and research (g) Regional co-operation
The action needed for the intensification and improvement of water development in agriculture are s--
(.a)IIrproving existing irrigation with the objectives of raising productivity with minimum cost and delay, improving the efficiency Sof water use and preventing waste and degradation of water resources, (b) Developing efficient new irrigation for further expansion of production. (c) Improving and extending rainfed agriculture and improvinglive-stock production, through both better soil moisture management and opening up of new land through the provision of water supplies to human settlements and live-stock. (d) Protective agricultural land against the harmful effects of flooding and waterlogging, and where necessary.its reclamation; (e) Introducing,or Expanding fish rearing in conjunction with overall rural development activities. (f) Scheduling irrigation supply compatible with the varying cropping pattern as per policy decision of State Government. Annex 2 - 11 - Page 6 of 9
4
FRAMEVWORK WATER RESOURCES PLAN The Water Planning Organisation (WPO) will prepare a framework of water resources plan for the approval of the WRB. The purpose of the plan is to assess the full water resources development option fdr the whole State. The plan will be based on the basin studies carried out by Water Planning Organisation in keeping with the water policy of the State. This plan will set the framework for future planning activities of the DOWR. The plan will identify the needs for inter-basin transfer of water from water surplus to water-deficit areas of the ttate. Transfer of water from one basin to another basin is- to be considered only after fixing the planning time horizone as the time wherein the ultimate demand of donor basin is fully met and zero incremental demand is attained. MULTIPURPOSE RIVER BASIN PLAN
The DOWR apart from being the sole owner of the water resources is also a principal user in the agriculture sector. multipurpose river basin plans are to be prepared to guide decisions about future water development and basin management. The specific objective of the plan for multisectoral river basin water development are- (i) to assess the water resources within the basin in light of its present and future uses; (ii) to manage all basin water resources in a manner to secure maximum socio-economic benefits and least environmental degradation within the resource constraints. It should satisfy first of all the minimum nutritional per capita requirement (NPR) in the basin and poverty. The plan should also increase agricultural productivity as well as generate employment opportunity; and.
(iii) to plan project implementation programmes in accord- ance with legislation and regulations and on a schedule which can meet the changing future water needs. The river basin plans will also include the examination of water quality and environmental consequences of water use. Particular attention may be given to control the groundwater quality. The treatment of hazardous components of industrial wastes, sewage treatment, use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture and optimization of the use of water by recycling and effluent treatment of industrial water are to be taken care of through necessary legislation and public awareness. Water quality due to saline water intrusion into the coastal aquifers, soil conservation, afforestation measures to reduce soil loss on the upper reaches of the river and reducing the silting of the surface water impoundments will be considered in the basin plan. Annex 2 - 12- Page 7 of 9
5
The flood control and drainage components shall also be included in the basin plans in order to identify the extent and intensity of these problems along with the necessary measures to mitigate their effects. On completion, each river basin plan will be submitted to WRB for approval. These plans will serve as the basis for the State Water Plan.
STATE WATER PLAN The ultimate goal of the State's Water Policy is&to develop a State Water Plan which will be a blueprint for all water development in the State. The plan should provide appropriate use of water resources of the State for drinking water, municipal and industrial use, power, irrigation, flood mitigation, pisciculture and also recreation wherever possible. The preservation and enhancement of the quality of environment as well as maintenance of ecological,balance should be a prime consideration in its formulation. This would be a dynamic plan which would evolve overtime, incorporating new information, new technologies, new perceptions and changing objectives and priorities. The initial plan will be based upon the Framework Plan updated with the Integrated River Basin Plans. The Plan should be updated and submitted to the Water Resources Board from -time to time. The State Plan would then serve as the official document upon which investment portfolios and management decisions should be based. DROUGHTMANAGEMENT PLAN Due to the vagaries of rainfall drought are a permanent climatic feature in Orissa. Hence, it has become necessary to formulate Drought Management Plan for each of the river basin as a part of the river basin plan. The plan should include- (a).,..an integrated and comprehensive strategy for the -management of land and water for sustainable agricultural development under water scarcity -conditions; (b) appropriate land and water use policies and plans for economic development of drought prone areas ensuring that they remained compatible with prevailing socio-economic conditions and the environment; (c) effective drought preparedness measures with special emphasis on environmental protection and improving community resilience; (d) plans to release/regulate regenerated water flow in rivers and drainages flowing through the irrigation command areas for facilitating its use in the tail end areas by recycling. - 13 - Annex 2 Page 8 of 9
6 COMPUTERISED DATABASE AND INF-ORMATION SYSTEM The Water Planning Organisation shall maintain a centrally located computerised data bank to store all data relating to meteorology, hydrology, surface and groundwater availability, quality, actual water use and estimated future demands for water. T'he data will be updated from time to time and made available to other agencies. This organisation should also have access to the relevant data collected and stored by other state and central agencies. This computerised databAse will play a key role in effective water resource planning and management.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTPLAN
The lack of environmental consideration in -the planning of water resources projects may lead to severe adverse impacts resulting in ecological damage and degradation. Environmental management plans in respect of all likely adverse impacto re necessary to be prepared in advance at the planning_stage cn-dalit should become an integral part of the master plan of the river basin planning of the State. The environmental management'plans. should include rehabilitation measures, afforestation, relocation of historical/cultural monuments, relocation of sanctuaries and wild life habitats getting affected during the project, remedial measures to mitigate the effects of waterlogging and salinity. Due import>ce should also be given to watershed management as an integral part of environpmental management in order to control sediment inflows to the reservoir.
Also the DOWR will create an Environmental Cell in Water Planning Organisation with a view to integrating various environmental aspects with River Basin Planning. This Cell would also play a co-ordinating role between various Government bodies connected. with environmental issues and it would also identify/pursue sectoral and regional environmental issues concerning Basin Planning. Regionil assessment is necessary when a number of developmental activities are considered in localised geographical' area whereas sectoral assessment is necessary when multiple projects are planned in the same sector. The Environmental Cell will also undertake studies of various water related works for Environmental Assessment (EA) and submit report through Water Planning Organisation on Environmental Impact (EI) to WIRB for review and approval.
Another unit of Environmental Cell may be created under DOWR's Ptoject Forrnulation Directorate which will tackle project/Sub-projectgpif~cific Environmental Assessment '(EA) for water resources projects. It will formulate specific Environmental Assessment (EA) assistance for all new projects and give guidelines for inter-agency co-ordination for environmental clearance of projects.
FLOOD AND DRAItNAGE MANAGEMENT -
FLOOD MANAGEMENT
The scientific control and utilisation of flood water is an essential part of water resources. development planning. Flood management is divided in two parts 14- Annex 2 Page 9 of 9
7 (i) mitigation of flood damages; (ii) utilisation of flood water for beneficial uses. Flood control measures are mainly of two types, namely, structural and non-structural. Structural measures include reservoirs, embankments, levees, channel improvement, etc. Non- structural measures include flood plain zoning, watershed management, flood forecasting and flood warning. DRAINAGE MANAGEMENT Drainage of surplus water from-waterlogged areas and other stagnant, water bodies is a major problem in river basin planning. Waterlogging is detrimental to crop production and leads to salinization of soiis, which renders them unfit for cultivation. Sustained waterlogging *salsoanenvironmental and health hazard. Hence, proper preventive and remedial measures are necessary and they should be incorporated in the River Basin Master Plan. It should indicate appropriate preventive measures in areas where such conditions have not yet developed. Lining of water distribution system, efficient on-farm water management, proper maintenance of surface drainage system and conjunctive use of surface and groundwater can also reduce the drainage problem to a great extent. Proper irrigation scheouling should be resorted to as far as possible for controlling waterloqging in the command areas. The DOWR should formulate suitable Flood and Drainage plan for each basin.
OG,P- MP- E.T.S.(W.R.) 1 -1000.--15-9-1994
- 15 - Annex 3 Page I of 6 INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Institutional Reorganization And Strengthening
Introduction
1. Based on an Institutional Study undertaken by DOWR (formerly known as the Orissa Irrigation Department1 ) as part of its preparation for the WRCP, the decision has been taken by GOO to fundamentally restructure the department into a specialized state water agency. The new organizational structure of DOWR is contained in the organization charts attached to this annex. Figure 1 contains the overall structure, with detailing by sub-unit in the subsequent Figures.
2. The overall objectives of the reorganization are to:
e broaden DOWR's responsibilities to include technical responsibility for basin planning, and create a state Water Resources Board for multi-sectoral decisions regarding water planning and allocation;
- create functionally specialized line units for each key functional responsibility of the new DOWR (water planning, project planning and formulation, design and research, water services (i.e. O&M), hydrometry, etc.);
* create specialized corporate management and personnel management/training capabilities (management information systems, programming and budgeting, monitoring and evaluation, procurement, public information, personnel management, and training);
* decentralize management along river basin lines including substantial transfer of decision making to field managers (field activities would now be implemented under four basin region managers at Chief Engineer level); and
* create institutional capability for implementingwater sector related R&R and environmental management.
'IThe OrissaIrrigation Department (OID), renamed as Departmnentof Water Resources(DOWR) in March 1994, has been the lead agencyfor water resourcesdevelopment in the state, responsiblefor planning,developing and managingthe states water resourcesfor irrigation,bulk water supply,drinage and floodcontrol, with direct responsibilityfor implementationof Major and Medium Irigation projects,and their operationand maintenance.Implementation of Minor irrigationschemes and their operationand maintenanceas well as GroundWater exploitationhas been the responsibilityof the Rural Development Department,though the staff belongsto the cadre of IrrigationDepartment. CommandArea Development(CAD) Department of the State has been responsiblefor multi-disciplinaryactivities of irrigatedagriculture in the selectedcommand areas, below the outlet. Water resourcedevelopment for Hydro-poweris the responsibilityof the State EnergyDepartment The governmentowned Orissa ConstructionCorporation (OCC) carries out major workslike tunneling,barrages and manufacture of gates as a public sector agency. Waterand Land ManagementIlstitute (WALMI)provides irrigation sector tsining to officersand staff of irrigationdepartment and also to someextent of agriculturedepartment. - 16 - Annex 3 Page 2 of 6 This reorganization, currently underway2 , will be accompanied by strengthening of capabilities in all management units of the new DOWR through provision of staff training, consultancy assistance, and appropriate equipment, vehicles and facilities. Requirements by management unit are contained in the cost tables at Annex 18.
Need for Institutional Reform
3. The present organizational structure of OID/DOWR has numerous lines of authority and it's functional capabilities are diffused throughout the organization with overlapping technical and geographical jurisdictions: e.g. eight Chief Engineers have both construction and maintenance responsibilities with no specific unit for setting standards and monitoring program performance. Because of the frequent transfers of technical personnel without regard to functional expertise there is marked lack of specialization to meet the challenges of a technological world. A comprehensive institutional study was conducted by OID with assistance from consultants from the Snowy Mountain Engineering Corporation (SMEC) of Australia, and local advisors in administration with Indian experience. The study, which was completed in October 1993, concluded that "the department's present institutional arrangements can not adequately embrace modem management requirements which include devolution of decision making authority to the lowest possible level, personnel development, specialization and career structure for all staff'.
Elements of Reorganized Institutional Structure of DOWR
4. DOWR will continue to be responsible for planning, developing and managing the state's water resources for irrigation, bulk water supply, drainage and flood control, with direct responsibility for construction, operation and management of major and medium irrigation projects. The DOWR will have an expanded role of: (i) advising the newly formed Water Resources Board; (ii) developing and maintaining a state water plan; (iii) involving farmers in irrigation system operation and maintenance decisions; (iv) turning over certain responsibilities of O&M of irrigation systems to farmers; (v) strengthening environmental management; (vi) managing a new resettlement and economic rehabilitation structure for project affected persons; and (vii) maintaining a State Water Resources Data Center.
5. The reorganization will be implemented through redeployment of the existing staff to new defined positions, with minimal fresh recruitment. New recruitment will be limited to a few specialist disciplines where staff expertise is currently not available or in insufficient numbers. Principally, this is in the areas of R&R, environment, and basin planning. Discrete needs for individuals in such areas as economics, programming and budgeting, computer related skills and other areas as needed would also be filled. Staff relocation, and the subsequent drive to create the necessary specialized skills, will require a major training program, fully costed under the project.
2 The reorganizationis ongoing,and in terms of departmentalrestructuring was largelycompleted by August/September1995. Actionsalready completed include: (i) broadeningthe mandate and responsibilitiesof DOWRto includeplanning for all uses of water; (ii) creationof the Water ResourcesBoard (Nov. 1993); (iii) creationof the R&RDirectorate (Mar. 1994), and (iv) designation,in advanceof the formalrestructuring, of task heads for the major functionalactivities of DOWR. Issuanceof Govenment Orders putting into effect the remainingorganizational details of DOWRfollowing the organlizationcharts attached, was completed,as well as postingof key staff,prior to negotiations. Annex3 Page 3 of 6 Management and Organizational Principles
6. The Engineer in Chief (EIC) DOWR will be the singular head of the department and will be in overall charge of all activities in the Department. He will be responsible for mission, goals and objectives for the department and establishing and issuing policies, procedures and standards for efficient organizational performance, delegating authority and assigning responsibility to Chief Engineers and other staff and periodical review of organizational performance. He will he the principal technical advisor to the state government in all matters related to water resources development in the state. He will be assisted by the Additional EIC, Planning and Design, and other functional Chief Engineers in the office, and in the field. The EIC will delegate authority and assign responsibilities to these officials consistent with the DOWR Code.
7. In accordance with the principle of separating the DOWR operating units from regulatory functions, under the reorganized structure, DOWR functions would be carried out by "Staff Offices" and "Line Units". The Staff Offices would have regulatory and advisory functions and the Line Units would be responsible for operational activities in various institutional areas in the field.
STAFF OFFICES
8. The following specialist Staff Offices will be established under DOWR:
(i) Chief Engineer. Project Planning and Formulation
Responsible for preparing feasibility reports, investigations and final project reports of all major projects including project planning in all it's aspects, economic analysis, socio economic analysis, environmental assessment and clearance, and coordinating planning activities with Basin and other Chief Engineers.
(ii) Chief Engineer. Designs and Research
Responsible for designs of Civil, Mechanical and Electrical components of approved projects, preparation of detailed construction specifications and design reports, preparation of designer's operating criteria, detailed rules and regulations for dam safety, conducting hydraulic and other applied research, developing reviewing and updating construction specifications, policies and procedures as well standards for tenders, claims, and other contracting aspects and quality control procedures and standards.
(iii) Chief Engineer and Director. WALMI
Responsible for training staff of DOWR, Agriculture Department, and farmers, developing training strategies, carrying out studies on pilot projects of irrigated agriculture, conducting applied research on completed schemes.
(iv) Chief Engineer. Water Planning Organization - 18 - Annex 3 Page 4 of 6
Preparation of basin plans of water resources development for all uses for individual basins and the State Water Resources master plan, environmental impact assessment of water development in the river basins, providing technical advice/assistance to the State Water Resources Board, providing technical support to EIC and the state government in interstate water discussions and drafting proposed agreements.
(v) Chief Engineer. Water Services
Responsible for determining standards for operation and maintenance, establishing policies and procedures for effective operation and maintenance of irrigation and flood protection works, and for flood forecasting and flood mitigation activities. Approving operation plans of irrigation systems. Responsible for assisting the Water Rates Cost Recovery Committee to establish and update the water rates, setting standards for irrigation extension services, supporting OFD works, farmers participation, and providing guidance and technical assistance to the Basin Managers.
(vi) Chief Engineer. Mechanical
Responsible for procurement of construction and O&M machinery, equipment and spares, and it's maintenance, establishing and ensuring standards and procedures for quality control in upkeep and operation of machinery including preventive maintenance, preparation and review of designs, specifications, tender documents of mechanical and electrical components of the irrigation and flood control projects, including O&M activities, providing technical assistance to the Basin Managers and construction Chief Engineers in respect of Mechanical and Electrical functions of, their projects.
(vii) Director, Personnel
Responsible for human resource development activities including recruitment, posting, transfers, promotion, retirement, training, inquiries, removal and temporary employment. Responsible for assistance in developing, reviewing and updating establishment policies and rules, developing and maintaining service records of all personnel. Responsible for providing authorized information to public and maintaining public relations.
(viii) Director. Monitoring. Evaluation. Programme. Budget and Accounts
Responsible for monitoring and evaluation works of all projects and sending periodical reports to the state government, developing and maintaining Management Information System. Consolidation of all budget requests from various units, preparing annual Program and Budgets, cost accounting, allocation of funds to organizational units. Maintaining system of tracking expenditure to measure program progress, and corrective action when cost exceeds the estimates, and recommend fund transfer between projects. Preparing management reports. - 19 - Annex3 Page 5 of 6 (ix) Director. Procurement Unit
Developing, reviewing and updating procurement policies, standardizing procurement documents, and procedures for all organizational units. Providing liaison and training in World Bank related procurement activities. Procurement of equipment and material for headquarters offices and it's storage. Disposal of surplus equipment and material.
LINE UNITS
9. The following Line Units will be established in the field, reporting directly to the EIC, DOWR. These units will maintain close liaison with the functional units (or "staff offices") described above:
(i) Basin Region Manager (Four Basins, each headed by a Chief Engineer)
Responsible for developing goals and objectives for irrigation development and water use in the basin. Responsible for operation and maintenance, water user associations and Farmer Organization and Turnover program in the command areas of the basin. Responsible for construction of medium projects in the basin, including surveys and investigations of projects (except those entrusted to the C.E. Project Planning and Formulation) as well as designs (except those entrusted to C.E. Designs and Research). Procurement for works and machinery, equipment and materials required for construction and O&M in the basin. Responsible for ensuring sound resettlement and rehabilitation of project affected persons and environmental impact assessment and impact mitigation. Also responsible for establishing basin advisory comrnmitteesand coordination with other DOWR units and government agencies with regard to all matters connected with water resources development and use.
(ii) Chief Engineer Projects (four Chief Engineers)
Chief Engineer Units for specified major projects will be maintained for (a) Putteru Project, (b) Indravati Project, (c) Bengali Project and (d) Naraj Project. These units would be subject to change depending on the stage of construction of the project. The Chief Engineer Project will be responsible for construction planning, procurement of machinery, equipment and materials, sanctioning of estimates, finalizing of contracts, land acquisition, rehabilitation and resettlement, environment impact and it's mitigation, construction supervision, quality control, progress monitoring and reporting.
Policy and Procedural Reforms in Organization Management
10. To achieve institutional upgrading of DOWR, the following policy reforms have been agreed and would be implemented under the project in the areas of personnel and management procedures:
(a) developing functional descriptions for each unit of the organization and each sub- unit, including the support officials in the unit offices; - 20 - Annex3 Page 6 of 6
(b) prescribing for all positions, the qualifications for filling that position, in particular the specialized units (Job Descriptions) with regard to qualifications, technical skills and required number of years of experience in the field related to the particular position (specially), and the training needs;
(c) developing a policy of promotion to achieve some form of continuity in top management positions, i.e. EIC and Chief Engineers;
(d) approval of a policy on staff benefits and incentives, including training, for work in specialized fields to provide continuity and expertise build up;
(e) approval of a policy on delegation of authority for selection, placement and discipline to appropriate unit heads;
(f) improving management procedures in planning, financing and monitoring through program and budget development, program tracking and cost accounting; and
(g) developing a Management Information System. OMUAWATER NIJtS COISOUJATON CECT ORISSAW.R.C.P PROPOSEDNEW ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE ORDOWR
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CHIEF ENGINEER DESIGNS & RESEARCH, BHUBANESWAR.
DIRECIP DIRECTOR DRT DIREC DIRECTOR DIRECOR A C HEAD WORKS C A N A L AE CONUCT SSTEM SUPPORTSEVCSRESEARCH DAM SAFETY AINISTRATIO
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ORISSAWATER RESOURCES CONSOLIUDTION PROJECT
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- 38 - Am 4 Page I of 6
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Pricing and Cost Recovery of Water Services
Background
1. The Orissa Department of Water Resources (DOWR) provides water services within the state of Orissa. These services include water supplied for irrigation, urban domestic users, rural villages, industry, power stations and commercial users, drainage services to farmers and rural communities, and flood control along major rivers. At present, cost recovery for all services is significantly less than the cost of provision.
Government Objectives
2. The Government of Orissa (GOO) has a stated policy to recover the cost of O&M of water services from the beneficiaries over the five year period 1995 to 2000. This will entail an annual review and progressive annual adjustments of water service fees over the five-year period. Full cost recovery of O&M, thereafter, will be continued over the remaining OWRCPperiod and beyond. While possibilities may be available for increasing the service fees for non-agricultural users, as irrigation is the largest user, increased fees for this service will be an essential and primary component of the annual adjustments of water service fees. To achieve the above objectives a multi-faceted approach will be used:
(a) An Institutional Structure and analytical apparatus will be established for assessing service costs and fees, making annual recommendations on adjustments and reviewing such recommendations;
(b) A Public Information and Awareness Strategy will be fostered including publication of disaggregated service costs and fees, sharing of information with the general public and customers, particularly farmers at the command level, and involvement of irrigation commands, Apex Committees, and Farmer Councils, and other user groups in decisions on irrigation and other water services management and expenditures;
(c) Service Oualitv. Cost and Management:
(i) Ouality of service will be improved through better management of maintenance and full funding of maintenance works; rehabilitation and modernization of irrigation systems associated with farmer participation through the Systems Improvement and Farmer Turnover Component (SIFT); and Scheme Completions entailing conversion from rainfed to irrigated agriculture; and 3 9 - Annex 4 Page 2 of 6
(ii) Cost of services of each irrigation (or other water supply) facility will be carefully monitored, and data and recommendations shared annually with command-level Apex Committees or other user group representatives (e.g., municipalities). Opportunities for savings, improved quality and efficiency will be identified and implemented (e.g., staff savings, handling of some tasks by farmers, etc.); and
(iii) Participatory management under the SIFT component of areas below the distributary would be progressively turned over to Farmer Councils for O&M. Apex Committees would be formed as peak bodies to advise DOWR management.
Cost Model Development for Water Pricing and Cost Recovery
3. A consultant-assisted study has produced computerized cost models that give guidance to GOO and DOWR on allocating costs to the various service categories (e.g., irrigation, drainage, flood control, bulk water to municipalitiesand power plants) and the assessment of charges to be levied on each of the service categories. The models allow for incorporation of current charges and revenues from each service category, plus government contribution for services considered a public good (e.g., flood protection, drainage, and wastewater disposal). The result is the identification of the gap between current and required revenue to meet the overall cost recovery objectives and the rates to be struck for various services.
Basis of Cost Model
4. The process followed in developing the cost recovery model was, first, to identify categories of service provided by DOWR, then to quantify the service, either in terms of the annual volume of water provided to each class of beneficiary, or the area benefited by drainage or flood control (Table 1). Expenditure categories were then determined with O&M (non-plan) expenditures dominating. Other expenditure may in the future, include investment (plan) expenditure, debt, and emergency reserves. However, only the non-plan expenditure was allocated in this exercise and this will allow the primary objective to be met. In most cases activities are common to a number of users, such as major canals servicing many farmers as well as municipalities. Taking note of these factors, the costs incurred by DOWR were allocated appropriately among all services provided (Table 2).
5. The two factors (cost and quantity) provide an indication of the unit cost of the particular service. The final step in defining the allocation of the costs incorporated the quality of service as well as some customer groups' ability to pay. The primary factor in this assessment is reliability of supply. During periods of severe scarcity, priority services are provided to drinking water, industry and power plants, and some commercial users. This in turn requires a reduction in the diversions of irrigation supplies. Further, during annual periods of canal closures (for irrigation) the system is run periodically so as to meet the needs of non-agricultural users. An assessment of the above factors resulted in the determination of a rate factor for some services. 4 0 _ Annex4 Page 3 of 6
6. Three example model runs have been performed to demonstrate the versatility of the cost model. The runs are detailed in the attachments and show the following:
(a) Run I (Table 3) is a straight calculation of what rates would have to be for full cost recovery of the current expenditure which amounts to about 288 Rs/ha. The assessed revenue would be Rs 179.02 millions from direct beneficiaries or an equivalent 300 Rs/ha. This model run uses existing tariff rates not including recently approved increases for urban and industrial bulk water charges. The effect is to increase charges for irrigation water in both the khariff and rabi seasons by a large 229 percent and 208 percent respectively.
(b) Run 2 (Table 4) is a similar calculation aiming to raise enough revenue to cover existing costs only, but the new rates for urban and industrial water have been incorporated. The total revenue raised is Rs 175.66 millions or 294 Rs/ha equivalent. The effect of raising urban and industrial charges is to increase revenue from bulk water sales by 246 percent (Rs 38 to 131.6 millions) over model Run 1. This run leaves irrigation rates unchanged.
(c) Run 3 (Table 5) is a calculation based on the requirement to raise revenue equivalent to 418 Rs/ha which is the assessed need for efficient and effective O&M of the water supply systems. The calculation uses the new rates for urban and industrial services and further increases under this model run come from raising the rates for irrigation water services by 121 percent for khariff and 127 percent for rabi seasons respectively.
7. Revenues from other government services (flood control, storm water and agricultural drainage, and wastewater disposal ) would be collected by relevant Departments, and the DOWR reimbursed for the service provided. Revenue from these services is estimated at Rs 19.4 million.
8. Water charges for irrigation will be progressively raised from the present levels (which yield about Rs 44 million in revenue) to ultimately cover the shortfall in revenue between receipts from the above charges, and the cost of providing irrigation services. On average the real increase would be approximately 124 percent but would, of course, be dependent upon receipts from other sources. Further, irrigation water rates would depend on the cost of O&M, which may be reduced by increasing the efficiency of activities and other cost saving measures including the handing over to farmers of downstream parts of the system.
9. Significant progress has been made by GOO during OWRCP preparation in cost recovery analysis and implementation. As outlined above, GOO has already undertaken a first set of implementation actions. These include the raising in 1994 of the industrial rate fourten times to fully recovery costs associated with industrial water, taking into account the higher level of security of supply and benefits that accrue to industry. Rates have also been raised five-fold for bulk supply to municipalities and 20-fold to the construction industry. In addition, GOO has committed to fully recover O&M costs by the year 2000 in five annual steps. In accordance with - 41 - Annex4 Page 4 of 6 the analysis, this would require a doubling of irrigation rates to achieve revenue in the amount of Rs. 418 /ha, which is the assessed average cost of O&M. Of this amount, Rs. 200 /ha is the assessed requirement for maintenance works. The balance would fund establishment and maintenance of management information systems. The maintenance works funding side has already been addressed through progressively stepped-up funding levels for works over the past two years. For 1995/96, the allocation for maintenance works funding was set at Rs. 229/ha (main report para. 2.41).
10. In bridging the revenue gap, an option is for DOWR to move the cost of service at different rates to the point of full cost recovery based on the factors outlined above. For instance, new areas developed progressively under scheme completions should immediately attract the full price. Most areas under completions will not come into service until well into the implementation period of the project, and there is strong argument to support full charge of service provision, taking into account the farmer's adoption rates of on-farm irrigation practices. (It is recognized that a major communication and extension effort would be required during the transition period from rainfed to irrigated agriculture.) For schemes included for rehabilitation and modernization, the move from current rates to full charges might involve price increases at the same rate as under the project until rehabilitation is complete. Subsequently, the rate for rehabilitated scheme areas would be fast tracked to full cost in the first full year after works completion. For the group of irrigators that are outside the OWRCP the increase to full cost would be more gradual. Options based on other factors will also be considered by DOWR and the Water Rates Costs Recovery Committee (WRCRC).
Institutional Arrangements - Water Rates Costs Recovery Committee
11. An important contributing factor to inadequate cost recovery has been the absence of any mechanism or responsible party to annually review and make recommendations to goverrnent on service costs and fees. The GOO recently formed the Water Rates Costs Recovery Committee (WRCRC) with the primary objective of acting as the institutional body for the setting and annual review of water charges. The committee reports to the Water Resources Board, and the designated chairman of the WRCRC is the EIC DOWR. Committee membership comprises CE Water Services, heads of various Departments includingFinance, Revenue, Agriculture, Energy, Industries, Urban and Rural Development. The Committee would be constituted is a permanent body with a small compliment of staff and invested with a budget allowing for procurement of consultancy services as needed (such as for financial analysis and management, communications, or economic analysis). The committee would be strengthened by the addition of a full time economist, for whom consultancy assistance could be provided as needed. Such consultancy support would be funded under the Technical Assistance component of the OWRCP during the life of the project, as would the costs of an additional short-term consultant in PYI to strengthen economic analysis capabilities.
Communication of Water Pricing Strategy of Government
12. An important element of the water pricing and cost recovery process will be to communicate to customers, staff, and local politicians the pricing and cost recovery strategies and - 4 2 - Annex 4 Page 5 of 6
decisions once they have been agreed to at government level. There will be resistance from farmers directly and through political representation, but much resistance would be averted or at least significantly reduced if the process was transparent and involved farmers and other direct beneficiaries in a full and frank disclosure. The reasons for a move to full cost recovery and the benefits of sustained water systems need to be clearly articulated to all the stakeholders including the staff, and data and all decisions will be shared, discussed with and involve the participants.
Service Quality. Cost and Management
13. In order to meet the objective of full cost recovery it will be necessary to develop for all service categories, the cost of provision and the tariff structures for each. Steps are already being taken to differentially price services across categories on the basis of cost of provision as well as the relative levels of security enjoyed by the municipal and industrial customers. Following on from the work already done by the DOWR and the consultant, differential pricing of services will be refined further and opportunities for other revenue from new sources will be explored.
14. The dominant water service provided by DOWR is for irrigation. To bridge the gap between current revenue and full O&M costs, the bulk of additional revenue must come from this service category. The quantum of increase in water charges for this service shall be decided in the WRCRC's annual recommendations taking into account a number of interrelated factors including the relative improvements in the quality of service provided in the SIFT areas and under the Scheme Completions component. Account will also be taken of the change in the levels of responsibility for the lower end of schemes taken over by farmers for the management of O&M, thus reducing the financial liabilityof DOWR.
Revenue Collections - Transfer to DOWR
15. Under the OWRCP, DOWR will develop a new emphasis on the closer management of water supply schemes for the provision of high quality services. In doing this the organization will move closer to its main customer group, the farmers. This move will be assisted by the transfer of the rate collection function to the Department. This will link the service provider and the payment by irrigators for the services received. It will serve to strengthen the relationship between the organization and its core customer group and at the same time instill a greater level of accountability for the quality of services provided. At the same time Departmental management focus is moving downward toward the farmers, the involvement of farmers at Farmer Council and Apex Committee levels is moving participatory management upwards. The interrelationship between the Department and the irrigators is obvious. However, in resourcing the revenue collection function it will be important to put in place an efficient revenue process, taking into account staffing levels, the application of computer billing systems for customer property and cropping data, increased mobility for revenue staff, or using some of the existing collection process under the Finance Department. In the end, the customers will demand and deserve a cost-effective process.
16. Collection by Farmers and Incentives. Farmer Councils would be given incentives to collect fees on behalf of the Department in the form of discounts ranging in proportion to - 4 3 - Annex 4 Page 6 of 6 collection rates achieved (e.g., 18 percent retained if 100 percent collected, 12 percentretained if 95 percent collected, 5 percent retained if 90 percent collected).
Participatory Management - Involvement of Farmers
17. Farmer Councils will be formed at distributary level and below, and Apex Committees would be formed as umbrella organizations made up of a number of FarmerCouncils. These Committees would have an advisory function at medium scheme level; would advise on customer satisfaction through review of system operational performance; the adequacyof maintenance programs; the overall unit cost of service provision through budget review; and the price of services and overall cost recovery performance. The Committees would also be a strong liaison between canal command area managers and farmers. Ultimately, water will be suppliedon a volumetric basis in bulk at the head of Council areas. Councils would then collect fees from farmers within their areas to cover both the O&M costs of infrastructure below the distributary level, and the cost of bulk water supply from DOWR.
Attachments: Tables I to 5 -4 4 Annex 4 AttachmentI Page 1 of I Table 1. Onssa WRCP Cost Recovery Model Service Categories - Quantities
Area Water Allocation Irrigated (hectare-meters) (ha) I_Total SERVICE CATEGORIES 1 2 3 4 I. Bulk (wholesale) Water Supply and Distribution A. Urban (Municipalities) 2,083 2,083 B. Rural (Villages) 90 90 C. Industry 28,100 28,100 D. Power Plants E. Fisheries 300 300 F. Salinity Control 3,750 3,750 G. Construction/Misc. 275 275 H. Subtotal 34,598 34,598 II. Agricultural Water Supply and Distribution A. Irrigation
1. Khariff, gravity system 388,069 388,069 2. Rabi, gravity system 270,158 270,158 597,203
3. Subtotal 858,227 1658,227
B. Cattle Ponds C. Forestry D. Subtotal 658,227 658,227 I. + II. Subtotal 692,825 692,825 Ill. Drainage A. Flood Protection B. Stormwater 900 900 C. Agriculture Drainage 2,800 2,800 D. Wastewater Disposal E. Subtotal 3,700 3,700 IV. Other Services A. Road Maintenance =__
E. Subtotal I. + II. + III. + IV. Total 696,525, 696,525 Attachnant2 Page 1 of I
Table 2. Orissa WRCP Cost Recovery Model Service Categories - Expenditure Allocations (1993-1994)
New Enewgwcy Toal Aul NON-PLAN PLAN Dabt Invetnt Rese EX D Costa Eblshmert Cod lstblmuE 5 6 7 a 9 10 t1 12 SERVICECATEGORIES _ I. Beuk(wholesale) Water Supply and Distribuion _ A. Urban (Municapali) 2.00 1.20 _ 3.20 B. Rural (Vdlages) 0.44 0.44 C. lndusliy W6.60 86.60 D. Poww 0.00 E. Fsheres 0.15 0.15 F. Sali*y Caol = _ 0.00 G. Coraructionlsc. 17.42 9.00 26.42 H. Sub&obl 19.86 96.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 116.81 II.Agricultural Water Supply and Distfbuton _ _ A. InglbRion =
1. Khariff,gravi sysbem 539.71 253.76 793.47 2. Rabi. gravy syswn 391.68 22528 616.96 .n .______0.00 3. Subtoal 931.39 479.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.41043
______~~~~~~~~~~0.00 B. Call Ponds C. Foreby D. Subtotl 931.39 479.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,410.43 I. ii. Subttl 95125 575.99 = 1,527.24 Mil.Drainag _.__ A. FloodProcteon 90.00 30.00 120.00 B. Stomwr 7.92 7.92 C. Agrkuihj D n _g 17.00 17.00 D. WaWdhwue Disposal ______E. Subtl 114.92 30.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 144.92 IV. Ott w Services A. RoadM in 46.00 3.00 49.00
E. Subtobl 46.00 3.00 49.00 1 II.+1 ..IV. Totl 1,112.17 086.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,721.16 Annex4 Anachment3 Page I of I
Table3. Orissa WRCP Cost RecoveryModel Run 1 - Straight Rate Calculation
_ = Tot.Ann.- n. Sabd Rate Et per Rate Tobl CurrentRate IEXPENDITUREQuntityU nit EpnTiit Epn ir RedInte oma R nuc per Unit |CATEGO~ ~R1ES a. i(Rs.mil.)5. m1 (Ris.i)UF.) (Rs. mil.) (Rmi (Rs. ) SERVICECATE E 4_44 4 4 49 5 51 52 53 1. Rulk(whoksale) Water Sup andpFii 2 ______tton A- Urban (Municipalfies) 7,7 00 uI .2206 .45 B. Rural(Vilbags) 3,179 10000 cu-ll00 11 .4 .45 C. Industry _ 624__274 I aikhgal. 8.66 4 55 34.64 34.64 200 D. Paoer Plants O ___ __gal.1 0 .00 4 0 0 5 E. Fisheries 6,665_ i gal. 0.02 1 02-0 F. Salinity Conlrol _ _im_ 3,750 0.00 .n 0 00 G. ConstructMisc. 971,295 100 cubic het .64 t 2.64_2.6 H. SubbbolM11 O _ 37.98 37.9 L Aeuultub WWaterS Supplyandy __s_b _ A. UrKpbon ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Rs/ha
1. Khariff,gravity system ___ _ lm 7a.rn 1 279.35 79.35 133 2. Rabi,gravity system 270,158 hF61 1 228- - 6 . 61.70 7T O O. O.-W -- .1 3. S05EWl 658227 ham 141.04 OW141.04 141.04 26a
B. Catil Ponds O ha O.W O. C. Formly O D. Su 65B,227Nl 141.G4 O.W0 141.04 141.04 .411.Sibbbl 12 72 O.W 179.0 1790
k Fbod Pwoblon . 12.W 1. _ O B. Sbmnm6r 9 um0.79 0--O.7 O.W .7 C. AgncdtUM DaIage 2,__ h _T71._m 70 --- 170 -. O.W T 0
E. Subbl . 14.49 14.49 _.W O 14.49
Wrnce .90 4.S0 -4.9 O.W
O.W0
E. Sub6tul 4.90 4.90 ._O.W 4.90 1.*tl.oR.Td51__UV - -_ - - _ .. 121939-_.. . 3S1,24172m1 _ I - I 79.02 -_m_198.42U1- Annex 4 Anachcnt 4 Page I of I
Table4. Onssa WRCP Cost RecoveryModel Run 2 -Curent Rates
TaI oTdT.Ann. State Rate Etab t per R Total CurrentRate EN - .U Cor Facto Red.CoL U nit In c Revenue peUnit CATEGORIE (Rs.mil.) (Rs.mil.) T% Rs ) (Rs. il. (Ril.) Rs.) SERVICE CATEGOf t4750 44 48 51 52 1. Buk (whoele) Wate r Supply and D_stribution _ A. Urban(Municipalitess) 73,571 10000 032 5 3 3 50 B. Rural (Villages) 3,179 TaUt cu-gfal 0W 0 024.85124.15 20 C. Industry 624,274 1 bxh gal. 8.620 D. Power Plants - 0--IF kh gal. 00 5 0.00 0.00 5 E. Fisheries _- _ --- 665 1kh gal. -0 0.2 0.00 0.00 F. Salinity ntrol375 0.00 0.00 G. ConstuctioniMisc. __ 971T295 100cubic feet 2.6 3 2.91- 2.t 3 H. Subtotal 0 131.6 11.6 131.6 .AginculturalWater Supplyand DismrbuDuon _ A. lnigation -Rs/ha
1. Kharitf.gravity system h 79.35 622_4388, 2a0 24.6 62 40 2. Rabi,gravity system _ 27,58761.70 f74m_ ------1TOW 74 33
3. Subtotal 658,227 ha-Imi ~ 14. 0 44_0544.055 74
_ _ _ 0.00 0.00 O.W _ O.w ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0.00I -' O.W~~~~~~~~~~~--- O-.w O._ B. Cdlle Ponds ha-r 0 C. ForytuY D. Subbtol 658227 141.04 0.w0 __ 4 44. 1+11.Subtotal -152.7 175. 1175.66 Ill. Drainage A. Flood Protecbon 12.w_2.W__0.w 12.W B. Stormwater 9W ha-n0.W 0.79 C. Agriculture Drainage 2 . ha-nm 1.70 .70 O W17 D. WastewaterDisposal 0W W E. Subtl 14.49 14.49 _ 0.w_14.49 WV.Otwer Services A. Road Maintenance _ 4.90_ 40.4.90
I.+H.+IU .+IV. Total _ _~~ _ ___ 351,248 -11721 19.391 -_____ -175-.6 -____1-15.05 Armex4 Attachmnt Page I of I
Table5. Orissa WRCP Cost RecoveryModel Run 3 - IncreasedRates for AgriculturalUsers
|____EXPENDITURE Total Iot. Ann. State Rate Estab. Rabt FerRatei Total j CurrentRate ______U Quantrly --- UnI! - Ex-pen. Co-nt. Fjctor -Rd- U-nit Icm ~ eu _
SERVICECATEGORIESjCATEGORIES_ 4445i6i7(%) (Rs.m.) (Rs. mil.) -(Ri s. ml.) (Rs.mil) (Rs.)
I. Bulk (wholesale) Water Supply andDsistribubon _ _ _ _ A. Urban(Municipalities) _ 7 1 cu-ft 0 3 -1000t B. Rural(Villages) 3,179M1 0000cu-ft 004 6016S 6-OC C. _nIndIustry 11lkhgal -00 224,274 124.85 - 12485 20 . E Fhi _orPlants - - 1 lakh gal 0.02 |oj_ -,6 = = _.
F. SalinFtyControl 3,750 ha-m - O.X O.00 G. ConsVucbonNMisc. 9717295 100cubic feet 2764 3 2.91 2.91 H. Subtotal_ , _ 1168 0.00 . 131.61 13161 _ II. Agricultural Water Supzplyand D)istrbuiuon_.. A. Irrigation |.
1.K gravity_a_,system 388,9 317 53.171 62 1FiB 2. Rabi, gravity sys 270,158 h-m 63 45 39 74 7F 3. Subtotal 658,227 ha-m ... - 0 0.00 = 9BO505 98°5°5°...... 1 B50 4
0.0 _ 000 0.00 I- I~~~~~~~~~~~~~0-. 1 0 I:° 'oiWr
-- S-CaAPoncls 9 _h- O04 .0 -
D. Subtotal16B27| 114| 00| 9B5 85 j L+ _ _t __ _1 152.72 | 23016
A. FloodProtection | 12.00 120i i i 12.001 O0i B.Stormwater 1 90h- 0.79 1 07 0.79 0 C. Agriculture Drainage |-T 2,O a-m- | .1.70 .7 0.00 17 D. Wastewater DisposalI 0.00 11 1 11 0.00 1 00 i 1
IV lteervices | 000.|O 44 A. RoadMa-intenance 0 .0-i .0 4.90 I I 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1 1 1 ~~0.0011 ooI
E. Subtota_ ooo|l4 .9l0 00I 1 l1.11+V.Ttal 528| 1221 13 31 45 _~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~----- I - 49 - Annex 5 Page 1 of 8 INDIA
ORISSAWATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Water Planning
General i1. The OWRCP's water planningobjectives are to establishan institutionalapparatus for basin and state multi-sectoralwater planning,build up technicalexpertise in this area, and implementduring the project periodthe preparationof detailedmulti-sectoral basin plans and a state water plan. These initiativesneeded to be situatedwithin a supportiveState Water Policy (issued in 1994 - Annex2). Water planningwas also a central featurein DOWR's institutional reform describedin Annex3. Key actionsand decisionsrelated to water and land planningtaken during project preparationincluded:
* iEstablishmentof a Water ResourcesBoard (ORB) headedby the Chief Secretary,State of Orissa,a body created to ensure inter-departmentalcoordination of a wide spectrumof other departmentswithin the state that are involvedin water planningand development processes.
* Establishmentof the OrissaWater PlanningOffice (OWPO) in DOWR headed by a Chief Engineer,to be the nodal unit responsiblefor all phasesof multi-sectoralbasin planning. Designationof OWPOas the Secretariatto the WRB.
* Establishmentof two EnvironmentalCells of which one is under CE-OWPO(for macro & basinplanning) and one under CE (project) Planningand Formulation(project level environmentalassessments).
* Establishmentof the OrissaWater ResourcesData Center (WRDC) with provisionfor a greatlyimproved water resourcesdata base (both quantitativelyand qualitatively).The WRDC is to be fundedunder Orissa's componentof the (IDA funded)Hydrology Project (FY 96) which willbe implementedin parallelwith the OWRCP.
* Establishmentof comprehensiveTraining and TechnicalAssistance components directly applicableto basin-wideand projectspecific planning. These policyand institutionalactions have been paralleledby progressivebuild-up, through trainingand consultancy,of OWPOstaff capabilities. This has includeda technicalassistance contract with internationalconsultants (Euroconsult/Delft Hydraulics). As a result of these variousactions, the institutionaland policybasis for the componentis alreadyestablished and the technicalwork of basin planningis wellunderway, as describedbelow.
2. The DOWR's approachin attainingthe goal of a fullyfunctional integrated State Water Planby year 2002 has been to dividethe State into four majorhydrographic basin-regions, comprisingone or more riverbasins and sub-basins,and linkingthose basinsorganizationally and - 50 - Annex 5 Page 2 of 8 administratively within the Department in accordance with its overall responsibilities for water resources conservation and development. For basis planning purposes, these basin regions are further subdivided into eleven physiographic river basin locations (refer to map in the main report). Administrative groupings under the four regions are as follows:
I Kolab, Vansadhara, Nagavali, Indravati and Bahuda
II. Lower Mahanadi and Rushikulya
III. Upper Mahanadi
IV. Brahmani, Baitarani, Subarnarekha and Budhabalanga
OWPO's organizational structure of OWPO is shown on page 9 of Attachment 1 of Annex 3. Its situation within DOWR's overall structure is shown on page I of that attachment.
Orissa Water Planning Organization
3. The OWPO will be the nodal agency in preparing River Basin Plans within the State. Its basin planning responsibilities are strengthened by designation of its CE as Secretary to the WRB (headed by the Chief Secretary) assuring efficient interdepartmental coordination of future State Water Planning activities. In the development of its basin planning strategies, DOWR has adopted the general guidelines of the OWPO "Guidelines for the Preparation of River Basin Master Plan" dated April 1990. In some respects, existing OWPO staff are well prepared for undertaking computer based mathematical simulations of hydrology and physiographic conditions as are necessary for carrying out River Basin Plans. Various computer based planning initiatives have been or are being undertaken with the assistance of international consultants. In addition, the DOWR has participated in past exercises such as: in cooperation with CWPRS, Pune, physical modeling of part of the Mahanadi River delta; and, through more recent efforts under OWPO, initiation with Euroconsult of a comprehensive mathematical basin planning model of the Mahanadi River and Tributary systems. Thus, within DOWR a nucleus of modeling awareness has been created, including OWPO's specialized introduction to computer driven practice. Nevertheless, comprehensive upgrading of these highly skilled disciplinesthrough expansion of staff and its capabilities involving state-of-the-art modeling techniques will be necessary. Provision, under the WRCP, will be made for new building accommodations equipped with modem computer-based hard and software including Geographic Information System (GIS), remote sensing, additional mathematical and basin planning models, as well as installation of laboratory for testing and evaluating water quality samples in support of basin planning. Significant training and technical assistance will also be provided under the WRCP.
4. Planning Approach. The basic approach to basin planning will be to develop a conformed water and land resources data base and, using modem basin planning techniques and modeling capabilities, compare and analyze total water availability in each hydrological unit (catchment area) with current and future requirements. When planning is perfected through advancing stages of achievement and input, the basin catchment models comprising the State Water Plan will become a reliable and useful tool with which to guide and improve the states' water and related - 51 - Annex 5 Page 3 of 8 land utilization decisions of the future. The process will be one of evolving utility of such capabilities over time and will require skilled maintenance and upgrading of capabilities as the data base increases and improves qualitatively. The data base will include both quantitative and qualitative aspects of water resources data (stream flow, groundwater, rainfall, climate, solar radiation, etc.) and related land use data (physiographic, vegetation, agricultural, urban, industrial and other uses). These data will be needed to determine the balance between availability and demand (present and future, and their spatial distribution within each physiographic basin area.) Shortages and surpluses in quantitative terms will thus be monitored and trends established that will be useful in guiding water policies and practices along with consideration of social, economic and environmental impacts. Accordingly, availability of water resources for multiple use purposes would be determined under current conditions and under future conditions of development including (a) transfer of water from areas of excess to areas of shortage for use in irrigation, urban, industrial, power generation or other purposes, and (b) for satisfying the priorities among potential functional users, i.e., irrigation, domestic/urban, and industrial water supply, electric power generation, fisheries and wildlife conservation, minimum low flows for pollution controls, etc.
5. Rapid advancement of OWPO capabilities has been emphasized from the beginning of WRCP preparations. Preliminary basin studies for five river basins covering 70% of the state have already been completed. It will be important that the momentum already established is carried forward and further accelerated during OWRCP implementation. Established basin and state water planning would be the cornerstone for a new generation of improvements and advances in Orissa's water resources management practices. The importance of this planning exercise in the State's ability to fulfill and sustain the requirements of further generations cannot be overstated.
6. Implementation. All eleven basins, covering the entire State, will be studied. These will be reported in a multi-phased progression of increasingly detailed studies leading to an Integrated River Basin Plan (State Water Plan) by year 2002. The approach and terrminologyadopted by OWPO in delivering the integrated State Water Plan comprise four "Study Spirals" (or levels of achievement). Finalization of the Fourth Spiral will culminate with the proposed State Water Plan. Broad objectives for each spiral are:
* The First Spiral study involves the initial identification of all available water and related land resources as well as existing and planned uses in each of the State's 11 basins. First spiral studies of four of these basins including Baitarani, Mahanadi, Brahmani and Rushikulya, have been completed to initiallyadopted standards.
* The Second Spiral generally would include a second, more detailed screening of resources and demands including more attention to their spatial distribution within each basin and would include environmental modeling analyses.
* The Third Spiral would include a more detailed or final river basin study with application of enhanced computer technologies for the evaluation of water availability in context of special - 52 - Annex5 Page 4 of 8 demands including present and projected long-term future demands, consumptive uses, and water quality, demographics, land use, etc. considerations.
* The Fourth Spiral would integrate the Third Spiral or Final Basin Plans for the 1 basins, as appropriate, into the State Water Plan which will include an array of development and conservation options leading to individual project selections, and policy decisions. This would provide the continuing bases for studying and rationalizing possible solutions to issues of intra- and inter-basin importance including current water availability (time-wise and spatially) and related utilization priorities.
7. The Integrated State Water Plan, or Fourth Spiral, is scheduled for completion in year 2002 inclusive of the completion of Master Plans at Sub-basin, Block and Village levels. Thereafter, the upgrading of the Integrated State Water Plan would be a continuous process involving new resources data and development and conservation issues as they arise.
Framework State Water Plan.
8. In order to have a broad framework for development planning of the state's water and land resources as early as possible, the Integrated State Water Plan would be preceded by a Framewo,: State Water Plan prepared by end PYI (March 31, 1997). Most first spirals (covering about 90% of the state's area and some second spiral basin plans would be completed by then, providing a good basis for an interim assessment. The Framework State Water Plan would summarize the results of the first spirals and provide broad guidance and early conclusions about potential future resource-based development potentials.
9. Other features in the exercises above include the following. The "Second Spiral" would include economic screening of potential projects and specific alternatives based on pre-feasibility cost estimates prepared by the CE-Plan Formulation (CE-PF). (OWPO would do the benefit assessments and ERR, etc.) Initial plans at "Second Spiral" would be based on computerized simulations and operational hydrology studies. The "Third Spiral" would include complex aspects of environmental modeling and economic assessment of disadvantages and externalities and mitigation proposals and costs. Initial multi-objective/multi-attributeselection criteria would be applied at this stage. Selected development projects would then be sent to CE-PF for feasibility study.
10. A variety of DOWR activities will interlink with OWPO's basin planning work. In particular, these include the work of project formulation, hydrological data collection and environmental analysis and are described below.
11. Project Formulation. The CE-PF, DOWR, would be responsible for individual water resource project date management, investigations and planning including the range of activities required from preliminary site assessment based on socio-economic feasibility criteria and evaluation. Feasibility level layouts and designs and formulation of project functions and size, etc. economic aspects of development and preparation of appropriate reports for management would be a major task under the CE-PF. The Plan Formulation Directorate would also be charged with the preparation of reconnaissance or pre-feasibility level cost estimates for screening of project - 53 -
Page 5 of 8 alternatives identified for initial consideration in formulation of Basin Plans by OWPO. The CE- PF would also be responsible for administering an Environmental Cell that would participate filly in project-level planning under the CE-PF and, also, perform environmental assessments and monitoring and evaluation tasks related to programs of DOWR's Design-Research and Construction, and Water Services (i.e. O&M) Directorates. The CE-PF would also establish and revise project planning criteria in compliance with GOI standards with emphasis on Orissa conditions. 12. Water Resource Data Improvements. The establishment of the Orissa Water Resources Data Center (WRDC), to be housed on the OWPO's proposed new building facility, is being financed under the Bank assisted Hydrology Project (FY96). This action will add significantly to the quantity and quality of the State's and GOI's surface and sub-surface water resources data base. The WRDC will: (i) initiate, set and maintain data collection, verification, dissemination and reporting standards in accordance with National norms; (ii) collect, verify and publish surface water and meteorological data; (iii) establish a computerized data bank; (iv) upgrade arrangements for data collection of reservoir operations and river diversions and levels and return flows from surface water diversions and ground water withdrawals and incorporate such data into National, regional and the state data banks; (v) report useful data to the National Surface Water Resources Data Center, and, procure groundwater data from the Ground Water Data Centers of the Rural Development Department and make these data available to DOWR organization users such as the OWPO and other users in the State. In addition, the WRDC will establish Basin Water Resources Data Collection Units to install and maintain collection sites, record the site data, make meteorological observations, collect water quality samples, and, in some cases, accomplish laboratory testing of water quality samples.
13. Environmental Assessment of River Basins. River Basin planning capabilities have also been enhanced by the creation of an Environmental Cell within the OWPO. The objective of Environmental Assessment (EA) in river basins would be to integrate environmental considerations fully with water development planning, basin management and project design selection and approval. The EA will provide an overview of environmental aspects of review and diagnostics of water related issues in the state. It will also present problems, issues and trends, causative factors and possible remedies including brief overview of institutions involved in water related environmental matters (water planning, implementationof projects, monitoring, regulatory, legislative, pricing, and examine the interlinkages between such institutions. The main functions, responsibilities and tasks of the OWPO's Environmental Cell are:
* Identify and prioritize projects for development, including consideration of environmental and water allocation constraints and mitigating measures such as downstream pollution assimilation.
* Set-up and operate an Enviromnental Data base management System (EDBMS) including Reference Library.
* Research applicable environmental assessment legislation, legal obligation, and EA techniques on behalf of DOWR. - 54 - Annex 5 Page 6 of 8
* Prepare environmental overviews and assessments as integral inputs to river basin and sub- basin plans.
* Advise DOWR senior management and WRB on environmental legislation, water conservation and environmental awareness policy and programs relevant to sectoral water resource interests.
* Prepare EA guidelines applicable to, and departmental procedures for, EAs for river basin planning and EAs for specific projects to be submitted for formal evaluation by state and federal authorities.
* Prepare EA Terms of Reference for priority projects for implementation by project formulation and planning Directorate.
* Research and advise DOWR senior management on departmental training requiremerts and internal environmental awareness programs.
3 Participate as requested by DOE in reviews of EAs for non-water resources sector projects affecting water allocation, pollution or regional planning.
14. Planning Capability. In order to successfully fulfillthe demanding requirements of Basin Planning, it will be essential that high quality experienced planning staff capabilities be maintained with the highest possible standards. Computer usage and hydrological/hydraulics modeling skills must be evident among staff as well as long experience in project planning. Required skills would include engineering, but would also include applied socio-economic, environmental, agricultural, irrigation, plan formulation and other disciplines as would be required in the skill mix of any successful planning organization. Maintenance of the high-tech skills required will require motivating incentives to maintain proper staff levels and long-term continuity of posting. Measures provided for under the project include staff accommodations, access to training and favored promotion prospects for staff willing to stay in the specialty. Continuous training in computer and computer related disciplineswill also be required.
15. Agreements Related to Basin Planning. Basin planning in Orissa is facilitated by the fact that there are no river basins that involve international waterways. However, there are basins affected by inter-state agreements for which full allowance has been made in the WRCP investment program. Allowance also must be made in the respective basin plans of the future. These basins and respective major Agreements are listed below: - 55 - Annex 5 Page 7 of 8
Agreement Date Affected State
The Machkund Power Agreement re. 14 Jan. 1946 Governments of Madhya Power Resources at Duduma Falls Pradesh and Orissa
Final Agreement re. use of Sileru River 4 Sep. 1962 GOO and GOAP Waters
Agreement on Godavari River 19 Dec. 1975 GOO, GOAP, GOK, GOM, GOMP
Agreement on use of Subarnarekha and 17 Jan. 1976 & GOO and GOB Kharkai Rivers 25 Oct. 1976
Agreement on use of Subarnarekha and 19 Jul. 1978 GOO, GOWB and GOB Kharkai Basin
Tripartite Agreement on Subarnarekha- 7 Aug. 1978 GOO, GOB and GOWB Kharkai Basin
Agreement on Indravati and Sabari Sub- 11 Jul. 1979 GOO, GOMP basins
Agreement to enable clearance of 2 Apr. 1980 GOO, GOAP and GOMP Polavaram Project.
A comprehensive listing of the above Agreements and proceedings, minutes, and summary of actions taken by Orissa with neighboring States and their respective purposes are contained in a publication of the Department of Irrigation, GOO, titled "Documentation of Interstate Agreements (up to June 1993)", prepared by the WALMI, Pratap Nagari.
16. Status of Mahanadi Basin Modeling Contract. In response to prior Bank recommendations, DOWR through OWPO has initiated a detailed mathematical study of the Mahanadi River Basin. M/s Delft Hydraulics (Netherlands) on behalf of M/s Euroconsult visited Orissa in November 1994 and conducted preliminary studies and submitted a Status Report. The basin planning model RIBASIM was also installed in the OWPO Directorate. This visit, and subsequent visits in 1995, resulted in the transfer of considerable technology including the following activities and planned tasks which, in turn, will be necessary for the continued attainment of WRCP basin planning objectives:
(a) application of the river basin simulation model RIBASIM to the Mahanadi basin: model implementation, schematization, set up of data base, simulation runs, analysis of results
(b) introduction to the other models of the computational framework - 56 - Annex5 Page 8 of 8 (c) preparation of water demand projections in Orissa
(d) application of a project scheduling model to the Mahanadi basin development
(e) setting up of an illustrative planning case for the Mahanadi basin
(f) outlining of a program for the water resources component of WRCP
This small consultancy, terminating in 1995, will be followed by invitation to consulting firms to submit offers for the larger consultancy over the full WRCP period. The consultant provisions for basin planning would form part of the overall consultancy arrangement described in Annex 13. - 57 - Annex 6 Page I of 17
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Systems Improvement And Farmer Turnover
Introduction
1. Existing irrigation development in Orissa is not performing well with average yield of clean rice at about 1.6 tons/ha compared to the national average of 3.2 tons/ha. Irrigation systems suffer from a lack of control during the monsoon season and reduced levels of maintenance have resulted in poor performance of the canal system. The efficiency of existing irrigation schemes should be substantially improved to increase agricultural productivity. Systems should be able to provide water services that are reliable, equitable, and sustainable in the long term. Through the System Improvement and Farmer Turnover (SIFT) component of the Project, selected existing irrigation systems will undergo structural improvements to enhance reliability and equity. Concurrently, there will be increased participation by irrigators in system enhancement and then turnover of the downstream parts of systems to Water User Associations (WUAs). Increased levels of service will then attract higher levels of water fees that will recover the cost of service provision. Operations and maintenance management and program delivery will also be strengthened.
Background
2. Organized irrigation in Orissa dates back about 130 years. However, many schemes have been constructed over the last 30 years and the area currently under irrigation is 1.155 million ha. Of this, the Department of Water Resources (DOWR) provides irrigation facilities to a total culturable command area (CCA) of 792,000 ha. Major irrigation projects serve 597,000 ha, and medium projects 195,000 ha. The remainder, 363,000 ha, is in minor irrigation projects under the management control of the Rural Development Department. A lack of non-plan funding for operations and maintenance over time has resulted in the deterioration of the physical infrastructure and a breakdown in systems capability to provide the designed level of service. This has contributed significantly to the low productivity of irrigated agriculture in the state.
Objective
3. The objective of the SIFT component is to raise agricultural productivity and ensure system sustainability in perpetuity through:
(a) rehabilitation and modernization of system infrastructure;
(b) reorganized institutional and management arrangements on a river basin approach for water services management; - 58 - Annex 6 Page 2 of 17
(c) adoption of a preventive maintenance philosophy;
(d) priority funding of the maintenance program on a needs basis;
(e) strengthening O&M program management capabilities and processes;
(f) moving over time to pricing water services at cost; and
(g) increased participation by farmers in system management by turning over the downstream parts of systems to water user groups.
System Deficiencies
4. This component of the project will target about 265,400 ha of CCA in 25 existing schemes. Eight of these schemes are the balance of work started under the National Water Management Project (NWMP) covering 109,800 ha, and the bulk of the work is in 17 schemes and one diversion weir headworks structure covering 155,600 ha. Existing system deficiencies have been identified by DOWR, with assistance from national and international consultants, and include design errors, lack of water regulating and control structures, lack of measuring devices, lack of access for operations and maintenance, and deteriorated structures and earthworks through lack of proper maintenance and old age. It is these structural problems that have led to the present situation of unreliability and inequitable water distribution. In more detail, the identified problems are:
(a) System Design Problems: Inadequate capacity of the main canal due to design and construction errors (Jayamangal); inadequate control structures (Baitarani, Dadarghati, Hiradharbati, Jayamangal, Kendrapara, Pilasalki, Rushikulya, and Sakhigopal); inadequate capacity of head regulators (Hiradharbati);
(b) Structural and Maintenance Problems: Damaged or deteriorated masonry and concrete structures including outlets, canal lining (all systems), cross drainage structures (almost all systems) and the major structures at the Baitarani anicut under sluice and the Janivilli anicut of the Rushikulya system; and
(c) System Capacity Constraints: Heavy siltation (almost all systems), drainage and flooding problems (Kendrapara, Sakhigopal).
5. The cumulative effect of these system deficienciesmanifests itself ultimately in poor agricultural productivity because of poor system performance. Systems suffer from inadequate water management and control, and poor maintenance and exhibit low operational efficiencies that do not provide farmers with water services that are reliable and equitable. On average, for the 17 schemes under the WRCP, only about 57 percent of the CCA receives full irrigation in the kharif This leaves about 42 percent, or 65,597 ha, receiving only partial irrigation. Sirnilarlyin the rabi season, 20 percent of the CCA receives full irrigation. Under the project all the CCA will receive full irrigation in the khariff, and the area receiving full service in the rabi will be increased - 59 - Annex 6 Page 3 of 17
from 30,383 to 60,439 ha. Overall cropping intensity will increase from 127 percent to 144 percent. Details are shown in Table 1.
Table I Odssa WbterResoumcs Consolidaton Proect Systemlniprovenrnt and FanmerTurnover Conponhint RehabIlitaon and ModemizationProject Details
Projed Locaton CCA Presentlmgation (ha) PlannedWRCP (ha) Est Cost Irivestml ERR % (ha) Khariff Rabi Tatal Khariff Rabi Summer Total M Rps Rps1ha (Samples) Full Partial Full Parial
A. WRCP Schemes(Newl
1 MahanadiDelta Sage I 18500 12580 5920 7400 5500 31400 18500 12950 31450 169.20 9146 24 2 MahanadiDelta Sage II 28200 15000 13200 15000 7000 50200 28200 22360 8460 50560 361.00 12801 18 3 Rushwkulya 21480 13765 7715 21480 21480 21480 310 60 14460 15 4 Baitarani 19700 60D0 13700 800 20500 19700 8900 28600 301.60 15310 21 5 Hirakud 10760 7968 2792 2982 13742 10760 6456 17216 133.10 12370 24 6 JanivillrAnicut (HeadworksStructure Commanding50,925 ha) 0 0 253 10 4970 7 Dadaraghati 4120 2560 1560 500 455 5075 4120 1650 5770 2010 4879 8 Pitamahal 2630 2080 550 459 3089 2630 1000 3630 1540 5856 9 Aunlk 1746 780 966 243 1989 1746 523 2269 10.50 6014 10 Kalo 4904 2494 2410 930 5834 4904 1500 6404 34 30 6994 11 Baldiha 3832 2000 1300 3300 3832 3832 17.60 4593 12 Jayamangal 7350 3900 3430 7330 7350 7350 61.80 8408 13 Hiradharbati 5717 3484 1641 5125 5717 5717 30.20 5282 19 14 Ghodahada 7203 3500 3703 7203 7203 7203 4Q10 5567 29 15 Pillasale 2268 1508 760 82 2350 2268 1200 3468 18.90 8333 16 Bhaskel 4250 2975 1275 830 5080 4250 1200 5450 23.60 5553 17 Utter 9626 6726 2900 1157 10783 9626 1350 10976 4630 4810 18 Budhabudhiani 3290 1515 1775 3290 3290 1350 4640 32.50 9878 Subtotal 155576 88835 65597 30383 12955 197770 155576 60439 8460 224475 1879.90 7643 Average lmgation Intensity% 100 57 42 20 8 127 100 39 5 144
. Ex-NMIIP Schemes
19 Rushkulya (DEsty2, 11, 12, 13, 14) 12618 27 10 20 Dhanei 3831 8.40 21 Salia 8445 24.70 22 Derjang 5970 11 60 23 Hrrakud 24171 6027 24 MahanadiDelta Stage I (Karandia& PurndaloBranch) 10222 22.40 25 Salandi (CharampaCaral) 10000 19.10 26 MahandiDelta Stage II (Gop Branch & PhulnakharaDisty) 34525 112.10 Subtotal 109782 285.67
GrandTotal 265358 65597 12955 197770 155576 60439 224475 2165.57
Institutional Arrangements for Water Services
6. The full range of water services provided by DOWR will be managed through a new senior management position of the office of Chief Engineer, Water Services, and by four new river basin line management units. Management at CE level will have responsibility for the program and budget for this function and the SIFT component. The office will concentrate on the overall direction, policy setting standardization of processes in the line units, and performance, monitoring and evaluation of O&M programs and service delivery. Management of the river basin units will be along functional lines and will bring together under one line of management the presently fragmented O&M functions of irrigation, bulk water supply, agricultural drainage, and flood control. The institutional modifications proposed under the project are at Annex 3. This reorganization would lead to improvements in the quality of service delivery through coordinated management of O&M programs across the range of services delivered within each water system. - 60 - Annex6 Page 4 of 17
The concentration of O&M functions would lead to cost savings through the more efficient use of resources such as labor, equipment, and vehicles. There would be less duplication of effort, and this will result in improvements in the efficiency of resource use.
Infrastructure Improvements
7. The system level improvements under the WRCP are a continuum of:
(a) Rehabilitation. Reestablishing original designed or agreed levels of service through the injection of funds as a one-time program of works that addresses deferred maintenance requirements;
(b) Modernization. Enhancing the performance and increasing the efficiency of water systems through investment in modernization programs over time; and
(c) Operations and Maintenance. Ensuring the long-term effectiveness of water system performance through adequate maintenance and timely replacement of assets.
8. Therefore the system level objectives are, first, to restore and enhance system performance to improve operational efficiency, and then, to institute a fully funded and effective maintenance program that will ensure the delivery of reliable and equitable services that farmers want and are prepared to pay for.
9. Rehabilitation and modernization works by scheme at main and distributary canal level are summarized in Table 2, and Table 3 summarizes the costs of civil works for each scheme. The civil works component for the 17 schemes covering 155,576 ha will involve 1,077 bridges, 1,033 regulators, 16.46 million cum of earthworks in desilting and bank strengthening, construction of 422 new water measuring devices, and lining of unlined canals to assist with canal bank stability in sidling country and waterway erosion. The average cost is Rs. 12,600/ha. Works for the balance of NWMP schemes cover 109,800 ha at an average cost of Rs. 2,785/ha. Farmers will have input into the design of works, particularly at the lower end of systems, and also implementation planning and execution of works to ensure minimum disruption to agricultural production.
Structured Design of Irrigation Networks
10. One of the keys in improving both equity and reliability is the adoption of the structured design concept for modernizing existing schemes. New water control structures will be constructed, or existing ones upgraded, to allow delivery of proportional flow to all segments of the canal below the structured level, which is usually the head of a distributary or, in some cases, a minor, without the need for manual regulation below that level. The objective is to ensure delivery of water to all offlakes below the structured level in proportion to the command area. - 61 - Annex6 Page 5 of 17
Table2 Orisse WerterReources ConsolidationProject System Improvementand FarnierTurnover _____ ~~~~~~RehetbltatlartandMdeoblloftaonCom nentaofPhysical Quantftles of Wok
SCHEME CCA BA-SECOST EARTHVORK3 BRIDGES REGULATORS OTHERSTRUCTIJRES Uning(km) MEASUR-IN-G - ______Ah!L (millionRe) (cum) Rep r Reheb Now Repar Reheb New Repair RehablNew Repar New OEVICES
A WRCP SCHEMES (NE) Main System Drstributor Systemn 1 MAHANADI DELTA STAGE 1 185001 1692 0 0 5 24 2 2 59 1s 9 0 6.00 0 (KendraparaCanal) 38___75 33_2_2_212_343_42___17__5_2 ___ ~~~~~~MainSystem4500
2 M~AHANADIDELTA STAGE 11 28200 361
- 3 - RSI-IIWKULYA 21480 3106 - - (Main.& Distributory No. 10)
4 BAITARANI 19700 301.6 1 111
~ PTMDistribuitary System 1_59_0_712 28__7_9_0____07__5721
13 HIRAKD-ABT 71076 133.2
14GHODA -- inSytem97HADA87203 42 5 14 8944006.51 -~~ - - ~~DistrbuLtorySystem 225,6000 12 13 09 1 2 0 193 198 01 0 1 50 20 16 JPANIVLLI 2268T 3218
Main Sysem 178,700 24 0 0 2 0 0 91 46 70 00090 3 - 18~ ~D,tnutrSystem 325 361.440 75 0 0 49 0 0 1392 4160 3 0 3756 MainiSystem 92,000 34 0 0 37 0 0 510 17 0 0 5.72 10] Distributory System 175.478 8 0 0l 5 0 3 1510 620i 0 2.51 0 TOTAULI 155746 1903 164219 64 16 2 3 3 28560387 ,4 0 2 Operationsand ~MainSytenance 0 4 00 51 03 11. The managiutryysemen of operat3on an0aitnac an 0srvcdeivr wil hav a new1
of system~Dstrandoryensuremsustainability of syteprfrmnc0ate reabliato an modenizaion - 62 - Annex 6 Page 6 of 17
An effective monitoring and evaluation system will be introduced that will monitor system operational performance against the daily, weekly, and seasonal water plans. Data collected will include water flow measurements and canal running levels, reservoir operational data, river flows, and rainfall. Other related data will include area cropped, crop type, and crop yield data. (Crop area, type, and yields in the selected parts of commands of Hirakud, Mahanadi Delta Stages I & II, Salandi and Rushikulya will be monitored using remote sensing techniques.) Maintenance equipment will be upgraded and new procedures implemented to ensure effective utilization of the equipment. Daily operations will be improved through the provision of better measurement and control of water, enhanced mobility of operators, improved communications and reporting procedures for the daily flow data.
Table ORtSSA WRCP SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT AND FARMER TURNOVER (COST IN MLLION RUPEES)
SCHEME CCA BASE MAIN DIST. MEASURING OFD PROCUREMENT CONSTN. OSM OSM (HA) COST SYSTEM SYSTEM DEVICES WORKS PACKAGE NO. DIVISIONS DEPLOYMENT
EXISTING ADDITIONAL
A WRCP SCHEMES (NEW)
1 Mahanacb Delta Stage I 18500 169 2 70 6 79 3 0.8 18.5 13 1 1 (Kendrapara Canal) 2 Mahandai Delta Stage II 28200 361 0 131.7 184.2 16.3 28.8 32 1 2 (Sakhigopal & Pun Canal) 3 Rushikulya (Main& Disty No. 10) 21480 310.6 1854 103.4 08 21 0 15 2 1 4 Baitarani (HLC 1II) 19700 301.6 186.9 94 0 1.0 19 7 18 1 1 5 Hirakud (Main & BMTKR Disty) 10760 133.1 88.6 33 2 0.5 10 8 10 1 1 6 JanMili Anicut (50.925 ha) 332.1 332.1 2 0 2 7 Dadaraghab 4120 20.1 6.3 9.2 0.5 4 1 2 1 0 8 Pitamahal 2630 15.4 2.4 9.9 0.5 2 6 1 9 Aunli 1746 10.5 4.8 3.7 0.2 1 8 2 1 0 10 Kalo 4904 34.3 19 2 9.4 0.8 4.9 3 1 0 11 Baldiha 3832 17.6 6.8 6.8 0.2 38 2 0 0 12 Jayamangal 7350 50.3 25.0 17 5 0.4 7 4 5 0 1 12a Jayamangal Headworks (7.350 ha) 12.9 12.9 1 13 Hiradharbati 5717 30.2 14.0 9.0 0.9 6 3 2 0 0 14 Ghodahada 7203 40.1 18.5 13.9 0.5 7 2 2 1 0 15 Pilasalb, 2268 18.9 13.0 3.3 0.3 2 3 3 0 0 16 Bhaskel 4250 23.6 13 3 5 4 0.7 4 2 3 1 0 17 Utte 9626 46.3 14.1 22 2 0.4 9.6 4 0 18 Budhabudhiani 3290 32 5 13.9 14 3 1.0 3 3 2 1 0
Subtotal 155576 19603 1159.5 618.7 258 156.3 122 12 9 B. Balance of onacoina NWMP Schemes proposad under WRCP 109782 305.7 86.0 214.7 5.0 30 8 2
GRANDTOTAL 265358 2266.0 1245.5 833.4 30.8 1563 152 20 11
Farmer Organization and Tumover
12. The farmer organization and turnover (FOT) component will be an integral part of the rehabilitation and modemization strategy of the overall project. Three important features of the WRCP approach to water user participation are:
(a) The implementationof organizingefforts willbe closelyintegrated with physical improvementsto be fundedunder the project. Organizationalefforts will precede - 63 - Annex 6 Page 7 of 17
implementation of minor-level rehabilitation works to ensure that farmers are committed to maintaining the improvements,
(b) The focus of organizing activities will be at the minor or small distributary level. A single WUA will be formed to manage the entire minor, or in the case of larger command areas, several WUAs may be formed. The size of WUAs will range from 300 ha to 600 ha. Turnover of O&M responsibilities at this level will result in significant cost savings to DOWR and improved water management;
(c) The terms and conditions of turnover will be specified out in a written contract (Memorandum of Understanding) between DOWR as well as the newly created distributary or minor-level associations.
13. The turnover program will be introduced initially in three schemes: Aunli, Ghodahada, and Rushikulya Distributary 11, comprising a total command area of 15,519 ha. Based on the experience gained in this first phase of organizing activity, the bulk of WRCP project areas (an additional 135,000 ha) will be taken up in two successive phases during years 2 through 7 of the project. The strategy is one of structured learning, with close monitoring and evaluation after each stage, resulting in reformulating the approach for the next stage.
Structured Systems
A key element in the WRCP approach to improved system design will be the introduction of a structured system to provide equitable water distribution with minimum operational complexity (Figure 1). Below the structured level, usually a distributary or minor, control structures will be provided at all offtake canals that distribute water in the desired proportion without manual control. These control structures are either of undershot or overshot type, depending on whether they function as an orifice or as a weir/flume. Above the structured level, gauged controls or long crested weirs will be used to ensure maintenance of water levels and discharges in the reaches as per seasonal requirements. Below the structured level the system will run either at full supply level or will be closed, i.e., run as an "on/off' system. Variations to water requirements will be met through changes in duration of supply. Isolation gates to operate the canal system on an on/off schedule would be installed at farmers' request to provide them the possibility to close offlakes when water is not needed.
The successful implementation of the system will depend upon three principal factors: (i) proper choice of the level of structuring; (ii) availabilityof an adequate margin of safety at the head regulator of the structured network, so that required full discharge below can be drawn under expected variations in the main canal water level; and (iii) proper design, construction, and maintenance of canal control structures at all offtakes of the structured network. - 64 - Annex 6 Page 8 of 17
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of Structured Irrigation Network
\XRegulated (C) \Ly Network Head Regulator
\~~~~~~~~~~
M- Main Canal | : :D) kB- Structured B - Branch Canal Structured_ Level D - Distributory _Network ' SD - Sub-distributory - \> Cross Regulator/ m - minor Duck bill weir
PD \ . OF
PD - Proportional Distributor | Measuring structure OF - Open Flume SM - Semi-module D;- TC -Tail Cluster SD SM
// ^ ~TC OF
/
rGated control structure or duck bill weir L Ungatedcontrol structures ®- Measuring Structure Open flume
Structure and Function of Farmer Organizations
14. A three-tiered organization is envisioned, with organizing activities focused at the minor or distributary level (300-600 ha). WUAs will be established based on hydraulic boundaries where possible. The WUA's executive body will comprise representatives from each field channel or sub-area; however, this lowest level of organization is intended to remain informal. At the scheme level, a federation of all WUAs will be established that will have a formal but non-binding advisory role in main system operations and maintenance.
15. The function of the WUAs will be:
(a) to advise the DOWR on minor-level improvements; - 65 - Annex6 Page 9 of 17
(b) to operate and maintain the distributary/minor canals and structures that will be improved under WRCP;
(c) to collect irrigation fees on behalf of the DOWR;
(d) to ensure equitable water distribution among the WUA members; and
(e) through the apex council, to advise the DOWR on main system operations as these affect operations within the WUA's management purview.
16. Along with added management responsibilities, WUAs would enjoy specific rights which would be included in the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) negotiated with the DOWR. A model MOU is given in Attachment 1. These rights will define the amount of water which the DOWR agrees to supply either in absolute or relative terms, and will specify the time frame within which the water is to be delivered. Additional provisions (e.g., use of DOWR equipment for maintenance) could also be included in the MOU.
Vision
17. The FOT component is seen as the beginning of a long-term process leading to a new relationship between irrigation farmers and the government. Through the WUA, farmers and the DOWR will have a vehicle for dialogue and negotiation. As the macro-policy environment changes, and in particular as farmers' irrigation fees are increased and the DOWR is rendered more financially accountable, both sides will have stronger incentives for management transfer from the department to farmers. As DOWR staffing intensity decreases and becomes more specialized, there will be a greater need for an apex organization representing individual WUAs and serving as an interface with the DOWR. The role of the apex organization is therefore anticipated to evolve from advisory to operational with complete management transfer from DOWR to the apex organization occurring in many of the medium systems at least.
Implementation Strategy
18. Because Orissa has almost no experience in water user associations, a phased introduction of FOT is proposed. The initial phase of the FOT program will be confined to three systems totaling 15,519 ha or about 10 percent of the area that will eventually come under the FOT program during the life of the WRCP. Phase 1 is anticipated to run for about two years. The experience of the program will be intensively monitored by the FOT Consultant attached to the DOWR CE Water Services and by WALMI staff. After about 18 months, an evaluation of Phase 1 will be conducted culminating in an FOT planning workshop which will define the approach to be taken in Phase 2. A similar evaluation of Phase 2 will be conducted about 3.5 years into the project and will provide the basis for planning for Phase 3.
19. The three pilot areas to be taken up under Phase 1 represent three categories of system as follows: - 66 - Annex 6 Page 10 of 17
(a) Aunli, at 1,746 ha is the smallest system within WRCP and is a fully independent system from both a hydraulic and economic perspective: within the river basin there are no other irrigation systems above or immediately below, nor is there any major source of employment in the immediate vicinity. Aunli represents the category of relatively small and discrete systems where management costs to the DOWR tend to be high, and full turnover to an apex organization would appear feasible even in the short-term;
(b) Ghodahada, at 7,203 ha is a medium-size scheme that comprises a discrete hydraulic unit but that is large enough that full turnover is probably not a short- term possibility. Here an apex committee would have the potential for serving an important advisory role in main system water distribution; and
(c) Rushikulya comprises some 34,090 ha in all, of which only one distributary (Distributary 11, totaling 6,570 ha) will be included in the Phase 1 FOT program. The hydraulics of this system are complicated by multiple water sources and tanks within the command area which function as additional storage. In this situation, the long-term objective of the FOT program would be apex committees for major hydraulic subdivisions.
20. During Phase I of the FOT program, two and possibly three concurrent approaches will be pursued: (i) a "DOWR approach" whereby the organizing of WUAs will be carried out through DOWR staff (JEs) supplemented by trained social organizers; (ii) an "NGO approach" whereby one or two NGOs will take responsibility for organizing WUAs in a sub-command (e.g., part of Rushikulya Distributary I 1) or an entire small command (e.g., Aunli system); and possibly (iii) an "agro-business approach" whereby an agro-business that is already active in an irrigated area would take responsibility for organizing WUAs to assume irrigation management within a particular zone.
Legal Arrangements
21. The WUAs would be registered under the state Societies Registration Act, for which there is already legal precedent through pilot activities of CADA and WALMI. The WUA will be guided by the provisions in its bylaws and by the Societies Registration Act. Model By-laws are given as Attachment 2. This document constitutes a suggested model which would be revised during the process of forming the WUA to meet any specific circumstances.
22. The agreement between the WJUAand the DOWR regarding rights and responsibilities for irrigation O&M will be spelled out in a MOU. This model MOU would be tailored to the specific circumstances of each WUA, and its provisions would be revised and negotiated in each case. The MOU will serve as a contract between the two legal entities. - 67 - Annex 6 Page 11 of 17
Financing Arrangements
23. Under the WRCP, farmers will be asked to share a larger proportion of the total management burden than is currently the case. Most of the increased burden will be in-kind, that is, through participation in the activities of management (attending meetings, keeping records, monitoring water levels, adjusting flows, resolving disputes, etc.). However, there will also be increased financial costs to farmers. To ensure a minimal level of O&M funding for the minor/distributary commands under their control, WUAs will be required to establish an O&M fund prior to management transfer.
24. While the arrangements will be flexible during Phase I of the FOT program, the suggestion is for Rs. 250/ha (Rs. 100/acre) to be collected and held in a fixed-deposit interest bearing account. The annual yield of roughly Rs. 30/ha would be supplemented by additional collections from the members if O&M costs exceed the interest payment. Based on the experience of Phase I, the financial arrangements will be finalized and will become a condition for signing an MOU between the WUA and DOWR.
25. In order to provide an incentive to farmers to enter into the higher cost management arrangements promoted through the WRCP, two types of rebate provisions are anticipated. The first type of rebate will accrue to WUAs that agree to collect irrigation fees on behalf of the DOWR. The precise amount will vary according to a sliding scale of collection rates (higher rebates for higher rates of collection) and will be specified in the MOU.
26. The second type of rebate will comprise a reduced fee structure for farmers in those minors/distributaries where the WUA has formally assumed management, thereby replacing some DOWR functions. The amount of the rebate will be negotiated as part of the MOU, but will be based on a principle of equal division of the DOWR's recurrent cost savings between the department and the WUA. For example, if the management costs to the DOWR are reduced by Rs. 200,000/year, the total reduction of irrigation fees to the WUA members should be about Rs. 1 00,000/year. Both types of rebate provisions will be reviewed on the basis of Phase I experience and may be revised and/or standardized for Phases 2 and 3.
Implementing the FOT Program
27. Developing the capacity to implement the FOT program will be the first step, followed by the actual implementation. All phases of this process will require substantial training inputs, the outline of which are contained in Attachment 3. In addition to training, technical assistance consultancies and inputs from NGOs will be necessary elements of implementation. A sample agreement between DOWR and an NGO is at Attachment 4. This section outlines the process leading to O&M turnover that will be followed under the DOWR approach. (The details of the NGO and agro-enterprise approaches would be determined by those organizations, in consultation with the DOWR.) The implementation process is subdivided into four phases: preparation, assessment, organization, and joint management, leading to turnover. - 68 - Annex 6 Page 12 of 17
(a) Preparation Phase (variable duration): Two dimensions of preparation are (a) institutional strengthening of the organizations which will implement the FOT program (e.g., DOWR, WALMI, and one or two NGOs), and (b) attitudinal change on the part of the DOWR. A series of training activities will help address both dimensions. Through the assistance of SOPECOM, an NGO based in Pune, WALMI faculty will be exposed to FOT concepts as practiced in Maharashtra. With the assistance of the same organization, the DOWR will recruit a senior consultant to advise on the FOT program, and report directly to the DOWR Engineer-in-Chief The FOT consultant will work with WALMI faculty in conducting a series of appreciation workshops for senior and mid-level DOWR staff, and orientation workshops for NGOs and social organizers who will become involved in the FOT program.
(b) Assessment Phase (about 3 months): This phase is preceded by a four-day training program at WALMI for the concerned SDOs, JEs, and social organizers. During this phase, the JEs and SOs will initiate discussions with farmers about the WRCP improvements, management needs, and the potential for establishing a W1UA. The JEs will be responsible for an area of 2,000-3,000 ha. Their initial activity will be to arrange participatory walk-throughs of each distributary, along with DOWR project staff and farmers, to begin a dialogue about priority improvements. Other tasks during this phase include compiling a list of actual farmers and the landholders, a detailed map of the official and actual command area (including unauthorized/authorized water use), and a rough assessment of the organizational capacity of farmers in each distributary area, including information on any existing formal or informal organizvtions).
(c) Organizing Phase (4-6 months): The process of organizing farmers will precede any construction activities at the distributary level or below. The logic for this is to ensure that farmers are committed to maintaining any improvements that will come under their O&M responsibility. The JEs, with assistance from the social organizers, will begin a long series of informal meetings with farmers throughout the command to discuss the turnover concept. The women organizers will meet with women farmers and encourage their participation in the WUA. A listing of proposed improvements will form part of the provisional MOU to be drawn up jointly by DOWR and farmers, with the help of the FOT team. This provisional MOU will serve as a common reference point in discussing the rights and responsibilities of the WUA and the DOWR. A provisional MOU will be drawn as a reference for discussing the details of the WUA's eventual rights and responsibilities. After delegates are selected, the JE will be able to work through the executive committee to help with Council registration. The executive committee will then negotiate the detailed terms of the MOU for transfer of O&M responsibility.
(d) Joint Management Phase (2-6 months): During this phase, the WUAs will learn how to manage the distributary. Farmers will work closely with DOWR field staff - 69 - Annex 6 Page 13 of 17
to understand how to read water levels, how to adjust gates (if needed in the particular distributary), and how to maintain the new improvements. With help from the JE and other DOWR staff, the WUA will also develop an operational plan for water distribution. Prior to formal turnover, a test of the water flows will be conducted to ensure that the physical facilities are in order. The DOWR Executive Engineer will then formally turn over responsibility to the WUA.
Staffing Requirements for FOT Implementation
28. While the bulk of the FOT program will be carried out by existing DOWR staff, there are several critical inputs that will be needed. These are given by institution:
(a) WALMI: At least two full-time staff will need during the implementation of the FOT program. One will coordinate a mobile extension campaign, and the other will coordinate the FOT training programs;
(b) DOWR Management: A full-time senior consultant will be required to work directly with the EIC in coordinating the FOT program. It is highly preferable that he or she have backstopping from an external organization (NGO or research institute) for M&E functions. A summary position description is given in Attachment 5.
(c) DOWR Field Implementation: During Phase 1 of the FOT program, the intensity of JEs in the pilot areas will be increased to about one JE per 1,500 ha. This will require an additional seven JEs to be re-deployed into the pilot areas during the two-year pilot phase. In addition, a team of two to three social organizers will be recruited on a temporary basis for Ghodahada and Rushikulya (total of five organizers). Since it is anticipated that Aunli system will be handled by an NGO, any social organizers would be provided through the NGO directly. Descriptions of the duties of the JEs and SOs is given in Attachment 6.
29. The proposed organizational arrangement for the FOT program is at Attachment 7.
Operations and Maintenance Equipment and Vehicles
30. The capacity to deliver O&M programs will be increased by the procurement of selected equipment, vehicles, and tools that improve the productivity and effectiveness of some key maintenance activities. The mobility of both operations and maintenance staff will be enhanced by the provision of trucks, jeeps, and motor bikes. The effectiveness of these vehicles will be further enhanced by the fitting of two-way radios. Other light equipment such as concrete mixers, air compressors, portable pumps, and survey equipment will support construction and maintenance activities. - 70 - Annex 6 Page 14 of 17
Financing Operations and Maintenance
31. The GOO has increased its annual budget for O&M with effect from the 1994/95 year and has allocated separate funding for the works component of O&M. Works will receive an average of Rs. 200/ha maintained in real terms.
32. The management of O&M programs through proper programming, budgeting, planning, and scheduling of O&M expenditure and activities will be strengthened under the project by the introduction of programming and budgeting at the center, and the development of specific plans of operations and maintenance for each project. A model POM for Sakhigopal command has been developed with consultant assistance during preparation. This will be used as a guide in the development of POMs for the other commands. Typical formats for inspection, budgeting, and planning and scheduling of O&M activities are shown at Attachments 8, 9 and 10 respectively.
33. Budgetary Procedures. The budget process within the DOWR is coordinated by the EIC. He coordinates all activities, obtaining government approvals and allocating the funds to Superintending Engineers and Executive Engineers responsible for O&M. The budget process starts early, usually in August of each year. The financial year runs from April through the following March. The process starts with the Executive Engineers responsible for O&M at irrigation system level compiling budget needs and submitting them for review by the Superintending Engineers in August. Consolidated budgets are submitted to the Chief Engineers and then to the EIC in September. The DOWR consolidated budget requirements for the next financial year are then submitted to the Secretary toward the end of September. The Secretary in turn submits the Departmental proposal to the Secretary Finance who prepares the budget for voting by the Assembly. Notification of the final budget bids for each scheme to be submitted to the Assembly is given to the DOWR by the Secretary Finance in November. The State Legislature votes on the budget in February/March and this decision is conveyed to the EIC. He in turn advises the SE/EEs of their respective allocations for the new financial year. EEs are then authorized to incur expenditure on O&M through a Letter of Credit issued by the Finance Department on a quarterly basis supported by a recommendation of the CE/EIC. The early allocation of budget helps the EEs in planning their O&M works activities.
Training
34. The overall training program will be managed by WALMI who will be the training provider, or will organize external providers where training is outside the scope of their capabilities. Existing capacity for promoting participatory irrigation management is limited to (i) WALMI's recently introduced action research program to create a few pilot water user associations, and (ii) the CADA program which has focused on small groups at the outlet level. Implementing the proposed FOT program will require a substantial and continuous training effort during the life of the project.
35. Training to Support FOT. The following outline of training activities comprises an action plan for the first phase of the FOT program. Based on the experience of this initial 2-3 year phase, the training program will be revised and refined to better meet the needs of the second and - 71 - Annex 6 Page 15 of17
third phases of the FOT program. Except where noted, all training activities listed here will be conducted by WALMI faculty, at the main training facilities near Cuttack. Details of each training activity are given at Attachment 11.
(a) Appreciation Workshop (Senior Level). A one- or two-day workshop to introduce the concepts and implementation plans for WRCP and discuss the farmer organization and turnover component.
(b) Field Reconnaissance. WALMI staff will conduct rapid reconnaissance visits to the three Phase I projects (Aunli, Ghodahada, and Rushikulya Dsty 11) to gain familiarity with conditions in each scheme as a first step in preparing training materials.
(c) Legal Training Workshop. A one-day training workshop for WALMI faculty to become familiar with the legal aspects of farmer organization and turnover.
(d) Appreciation Workshops (Middle Level). A two-day workshop for EEs, and SDOs from the systems to be taken up for Phase I FOT activities.
(e) Farmer Organization Guidelines. A practical handbook for JEs and other members of the organizing team (khalasis, patrols, and social organizers). In addition to providing guidance during implementation of organizing activities, the guidelines will also provide a common framework for the various training activities. They will be written in the Oriya language. An initial draft of the guidelines will be completed in time for the Assessment Workshop.
(f) PRA Training Workshop. A two-day workshop for WALMI faculty to gain exposure to principles and field methods of participatory rural appraisal, and to devise an approach that can be applied to participatory planning of distributary improvements.
(g) Assessment Workshop for JEs. The initial training workshop for the SDOs, JEs, and social organizers who will be implementing the FOT component.
(h) Participatory Design Fieldwork. A two-day field PRA for all SDOs, JEs, and social organizers working in the Phase I project areas. The training will be led by one WALMI faculty and one resource person from an experienced NGO.
(i) Organizing Workshop (JEs). A nine-day training workshop for Junior Engineers to impart the basic skills needed for helping farmers organize distributary or minor- level WUAs to assume O&M responsibilities.
36. Irrigation Management Training. This training component will have the objective of strengthening the capacity of DOWR to better manage and deliver O&M programs. Training will cover the following skills areas. - 72 - Annex6 Page 16 of 17
(a) Management and Supervision. Aimed at improving skills of middle and senior managers and supervisors in the areas of general management and program delivery.
(b) System Performance Monitoring and Evaluation. Aimed at middle and senior managers to improve skills in analysis of system and program performance as part of the management cycle.
(c) Water Distribution and Measurement. Aimed at water distribution officers, supervisors, and junior engineers to improve water service delivery and system efficiency.
(d) Construction and Maintenance. Aimed at C&M workers, supervisors and junior and assistant engineers to improve the effectiveness of CAM programs, quality of construction, and programming and scheduling skills. Training will include concrete, earth and steel construction and maintenance.
(e) Limited national and international study tours. As an adjunct to the above training subjects. These tours will be planned as part of the annual program of training, and will be reviewed each year during the formal annual review process.
Monitoring and Evaluation
37. DOW1Rwill set up systematic program monitoring of the rehabilitation and modernization works program using project management software. The projected expenditure by year for each scheme is given in Table 4.
38. System Improvement. O&M performance will be evaluated annually through the program and budget and cost accounting and cost allocation management systems to be introduced under the project. O&M program performance at scheme level will be reviewed in association with FCs and other farmer groups. Annual reports for each command will be published by Basin Managers. A suggested report format is at Attachment 12. The report will detail O&M achievement, actual and budgeted expenditure, and planned and actual water delivery performance across the year. Rehabilitation and modernization programs will be monitored using the program and budgeting system as well as computer supported project management tools.
39. The project would also support the introduction and use of modern tools and techniques to strengthen DOWR's monitoring and evaluation capability. Remote sensing will be used to monitor impacts of the project in selected commands during the first two rabi seasons after project start-up. Terms of reference for this remote sensing work are at Attachment 13. A baseline survey using these techniques is being carried out in the major commands of Hirakud, Mahanadi Delta stages I & II, Salandi, and Rushikulya. Data will be gathered on cropping patterns and yields for the 1995 rabi crop. - 73 - Annex 6 Page 17 of 17
Table 4 Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project System Improvement and Farmer Turnover Component Rehabiliation and Modernization Project Details Cost in Millions of Rupees
Project Location Base Cost Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7
WRCP Schemes (New)
1 Mahanadi Delta Stage I 169.20 15.50 20.90 30.20 33.40 33.00 23.00 13.20 2 Mahanadi Delta Stage II 361.00 32.20 43.70 45.00 56.90 66.30 62.50 54.40 3 Rushikulya 310.60 14.70 38.00 57.60 67.60 61.90 42.20 28.60 4 Baitarani 301.60 41.30 56.80 62.80 58.10 51.40 25.80 5.40 5 Hirakud 133.10 14.80 18.20 20.50 22.30 25.60 19.40 12.30 6 Janivilli Anicut 332.10 0.00 10.00 40.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 102.10 7 Dadaraghati 20.10 2.80 4.70 4.80 2.00 2.80 1.40 1.60 8 Pitamahal 15.40 5.00 5.80 2.80 1.80 9 Aunli 10.50 3.30 3.60 1.80 0.60 0.60 0.60 10 Kalo 34.30 6.00 9.40 7.90 5.50 5.50 11 Baldiha 17.60 3.50 5.30 5.30 3.50 12 Jayamangal 50.30 2.30 10.30 7.10 19.00 7.20 3.00 1.40 12a Jayamangal Headworks 12.90 1.00 6.00 5.90 13 Hiradharbati 30.20 1.70 5.50 11.20 5.50 2.00 2.00 2.30 14 Ghodahada 40.10 5.80 9.20 10.10 9.80 3.00 2.20 15 Pillasalki 18.90 3.20 5.10 5.40 2.90 0.80 0.70 0.80 16 Bhaskel 23.60 5.30 5.20 4.10 4.80 1.20 1.50 1.50 17 Uttei 46.30 2.80 5.90 14.90 10.90 3.70 2.80 5.30 18 Budhabudhiani 32.50 5.50 10.50 7.10 6.10 1.00 1.10 1.20 Subtotal 1960.30 166.70 274.10 344.50 370.70 326.00 248.20 230.10
Ex-NWMP Schemes under WRCP
19 Rushikulya (Dist 2, 11, 12, 13, 14) 36.60 17.50 16.00 3.10 20 Dhanei 9.40 8.40 1.00 21 Salia 26.20 10.40 12.30 3.50 22 Derjang 11.60 6.50 5.10 23 Hirakud 64.30 12.00 12.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.30 24 Mahanadi Delta Stage 1 22.40 11.00 11.40 (Karandia & Pundalo Branch) 25 Salandi (Charampa Canal) 19.10 17.00 2.10 26 Mahanadi Delta St&ge II 116.10 20.00 20.00 30.00 25.00 15.00 6.10 (Gop Branch & Phulnakhara Disty) Subtotal 305.70 102.80 79.90 46.60 35.00 25.00 16.40
Total 2266.00 269.50 354.00 391.10 405.70 351.00 264.60
- 74 - Annex 6 Attachment 1 Page 1 of 11
GOVT OF ORISSA
DRAFT MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING (MOU)
DEPARTMENTOF WATER RESOURCES
Annex 6 - 75 - Attachment I Page 2 of 11
DRAFT AGREEMENT (MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING) BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT AND THE WATER USERS' ASSOCIATION.
Draft of Agreementto be executed between the Water Users' Association and the Governmentof Orissa, Department of Water Resources.
On behalf of the Governor of Orissa, the Executive Engineer IrrigationDivision of the Depart- ment of Water Resources, and on behalf of the Water Users' Association(Regis- tration No. ) the Chairman of the said Association hereby execute the following agreemen; aL date
As per this agresment,the areaof Ha. underthe Command of the Distributary/Minor/Subminor - of _ canal of Irrigation Projectof the Depa-.ment of Water Resourcesis being handed over to above Water Users' Associa- tion for the periodof agreementfor the purpose of Irrigaticnmanagement. A copy of the map showingthe said commandarea is attachedherewith). However, the rght of ownership of such distributary/minor/subminorinclu- sive of all structures handed over to the Water Users' Associaticn fcr irrigationmanagement, the land acquired by the Governmentfor it ard also all other works executed,in the said area at Governmentcost shall remain vested with the Government.For the above purpose, the conditior.s laid down as under in this agreement are accepted by both the parties.These conditions may be modified if both the parties accord their consent.
OBJECTIVES:
The primary objective of Government in executing this agreement is to promctethe participationof the beneficiariesin irrigationmanagement so as to achieve optimum crop production by optimum utilisation of available water. It is necessaryin this regard to spell out the activities, rights and responsibilitiesof the Water Users' Association and the Government to which both the parties will bind themselves for successfulimplementation. The rules in respectof Water Users' Associationand the main objectiveswill be as under:- -76- Annex 6 Attachment 1 Page 3 of 11
(a) At the time of registration of the Water Users' Association, minimum 51% of the land owners in the command area of the concerned .)istributary/Minor/Sub-minor should have enrolled themselves as- member of the Water Users' Association or a minimum 51% of the area of the total command area of the said Distributary/Minor/ Subminor should have come within the jurisdiction of the Water Users' Association. Further, the Water Users' Association shall make all andeavour to enroil more and more land owners of the concerned command area as members so as to cover all of them within a reasonable time frame.
(b) The Water lJsers' Association shall take active part in the joint management phase of the irriga:.on system until its final 'urn over to them
(c) After turn over of the system, t-e Water Users' Associa:.On shall receive ,.a,er 'rom the Gove,-nent on volume:ric bas s (bulk supply) ar- shall distribute it amongst the water users, whether members or non-members accc-ding to their area under crops. It will obser.e economy and equi-ability in this regacd.
(d) The Water, Users' Association shall collect wate rates from the users within its jurisdiction and remit the Government dues on time.
(e) The Wate, Users' Association snall maintain and repair the field channels. 'i!d drains, minors, subminors distribu-aries a'eng with structures 'hereon under its jurisc.ction to the best satisfac:.cn of all concernec.
(f) The Wate; Users' Association s-all impart knowlecge of -he mod- ern techr1i.es !n water management to the mermriers, sc !hat the water is sea economically ard appropriate m-;hcds of water applicatic.- are adopted.
(g) The Wate; Users' Association ,/ill establish its cwn operation & maintenarce 'und (O&M fund) o: meet the opera: cn anc mainte- nance expenditure.
The Wate 'Jsers' Association will be at liberty to incorporate any other oblectives subject to concurrence of Government. For that
Page - 2 Annex 6 - 77 - Attachment 1 Page 4 of 11
matter the Water Users' Association will have its own bye- laws for its smooth functioning.
JOINT MANAGEMENT:
Joint management reters to operation and maintenance (O&M) carried out jointly by the Water Users' Association and Government. During this phase, the Water Users' Assoc!ation will learn how to manage the entire system that would be turned over to it. Joint management phase will begin when (i) the Water Users' Association has been formed and registered, thereby implying that informal outlet committees are in place (ii) office bearers of the Water Users' Associat?onhave been elected (iii) the operation and mainte- nance fund has been established with relevant bank 2ccount. Durinc this phase, the following actwvitieswill be undertaken.
(i) Close collaboran!onbetween the Government (Project Officials' and the Water Uscrs Association :hrough information exchange anad transfer of shills.
(ii) Government (Froject Officials) will prepare an operation plan fcr the entire irrigatiornsystem of the project concerned showing the wvater availability, elocation made for irrigation, drinking water, industrial and other uses. The Project off:cials will also prepare the me-hod of distributing water to various distributaries, i.e. opening/closing of canal and CNiOFF periods fcr all the distributaries and fcr the distributary cf Yheconcerned Water Users' Association. The Water Users' Assoc:a-ion in turn will prepare the operation plan fcr the distributary under its jurisdicticn. The respective operation plans will be discussed and modified as required.
(iii) The office bearers of the Water Users' Asscciation, its represer:a- tives or staff 'N:;l accompany the project officials during the c:era- tion of the gate and head regulator observing and reading gauges, accounting for wlater, working cut actual duty and depth of wa:er.
(iv) The Project officials will conduct hydraulic tests of the distributary to check the capacities at different points with the design. Similarly tests for measurements of actual seepage losses will be carried out by the inflow-outflow method. The methodology involved in such tests will be exolained by the project officials to the Water Users' Association. Page - 3 7 -, Annex 6 Attachment I Page 5 of 11
(v) The Water Users' Association will identify the shortage if any in the fall of levels in water supply in the distributary at the outlets and communicate to the project officials for follow up action.
(vi) An automatic stage level recorder (ALR) will be installed immedi- ately downstream of the head regulator of the distributary for continuous record of water flows. The Water Users' Association will be responsible for the safe custody of the ALR.
(vii) The distributary will be jointly inspected by the project officials and the Water Users' Association before the season to identify the status of maintenance and to list out items like silt removal and weed clearance needing immediate/regular maintenance. The list will also include items of repairs to earth work, raising of bund. and repair to structures. The project officials will prepare an estimate o. such works and discuss the list and related fundcngneeds with the Water Users' Association. The Water Users' Asscciaticn may suggest items to be added. If these items cannot be accommcdatec in the Departmental budget provision, th,en the Water Users Association may indicate its contributions before estimates are finalised. Contributions can be cash or in kind.
(viii) During the period of joint management, the Government will reserve the right to operate the heaoworks and the main system. Ownership of the system & related works will continue to vest with Govern- ment. Normally water supply to the distributary will be in accor- dance with the distributary operation plan prepared, discussed and agreed to by the Government and the Water Users' Associatiorn. However, supplies to the distributary may be increased or reduced in proportion to its share in case of short suppiy of water in the system. To carry out its responsibility the Government will deplcy necessary field staff. The Government will share with the Water Users' Association relevant data in respect of canal design/actual capacities and discharge, water levels at different cutlets, water allocation, design details of APMS where applicable, seepage ano operation losses. The Government will also maintain the main cana! and branches to ensure designed discharge at the head regulator. It will undertake repairs arising due to natural calamities such as earth quakes, heavy rains or other unforeseen events. During the joint management phase Govt. will train the Water Users' Associa-
Page- 4 Annex 6
- 79 - Attachment 1 Page 6 of 11
tion in irrigation management and will also learn about farmer perceptionof water and service needs for agricultural productivity.
(ix) The Water Users' Association will be responsible for equitable distributionof water among the outlets. In the joint management phase,the Water Users' Association will prepare itself for taking over the O&M responsibilitiesat the distributary level. To this end, it will collectall relevant data, prepare and implement O&M plans togetherwith the project officials and ensure collectionof adequate servicecharges for maintenance. It will also demonstratecapacity to conduct the affairs of the Water Users' Association in an organisedand satisfactorymanner with full a:tentionto recordsand accounis.
(x) After sa:isfactorycompletion of the join: maiagement ph-ase(nor- mally 3 'o 6 months),the turn over will cor-.mence.
TURN OVER
The ,ollowing procedurewill be followed in handing over of the irrigation system Tothe WaterUsers' Associationand taking over of the same by the Water Users' Association.
(i) The prc,ect officials will prepare an inventory of the works showing lengthsof lined and unlinedsections, structures,crossings. sluices, outlets and lands acquired for the above.
(iii The wor.-swill be jointly inspectedby the prc ect officials an.dWater Users' Associationto identify deficiencies, ommissions, substan- dard or ncompleteworks if any.
(iii) On cormoletionof repair works required, if a!.y, the projec: officials will organisehydraulic testing of the distribL:ary to ensurethat the designeddischarge can pass to the tail out^t. They will prepare a statementshowing the capacity of the distributary at differentsluice offtakesand the designed and actual water depths.
(iv) The projectofficials will also prepare completion records of all the works,the land plans, gauge discharge curves, and a map showing the command of the distributary and of the sluice/tank in the commana. Page- 5 - - Annex 6 Attachment 1 Page 7 of 11
(v) Finally the project officials will hand-over the system management alongwith the documents. maintained above to the Water Users' Association. In token of handing over and taking over, the proect official authorised for the purpose and the Water Users' Associa- tion will sign the agreement.
RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES:
A. Government (Project Officials)
(a) It will operate the head regulator of the distributary.
(b) It may suggest improvements, if any, for O&M below the d-s-ributary which is turned over to the Water Users' Assocdation.
(c) It will ensure supply of full quota of water to the Wa2 Users' Association at Distributary/Mincr/Sub-minor head on vz umetric basis as agreed upon. For that matter different quantity zf water may be fixed for Kharif, Rabi and Hot weather irriga--n. This fixation may be made after assessing the crop requireme-: clearly. However, if in any year water available in the reservc barrage pond of the project concerned is less, then as per the Gc.'ernment policy, quantum of water so fixed may be proportionately c-urtailed Intimation in this regard will be given to the Water Users Associa- tion at the beginning of each season. Intimation regardinc :.jrigation schedule, rotation programme etc. will also be intimated vw;l before their commencement.
(d) It will inspect the position of water supplies, irrigation wc-
(e) It is the discretion of Government to sanction or reiect extra demand for water if any from the Water Users' Association. This is ceoendant upon availability of water in the reservoir/barrage/anicut .ond.
(f) Water will be supplied to the Water Users'-Association oriy for the irrigation purpose. Water, if required by the Water Users' Associa- tion for any other purpose, it will obtain specific orders in that regard. Page - 6 Annex 6 - 81 - Attachment 1 Page 8 of 11
(g) The rates of water supplied on volumetric basis for irrigation (Kharif, Rabi and Hot Weather) and for other purposes and any other fees/cessetc. chargeable,will be fixed by the Government from timeto time and the WUA will abide by that. Governmenthave also got the right to review the water rates, cess etc. at such intervals as it deems proper.
(h) Percolationwater within the command area of the Water Users' Associationwill be assessedto water rate too like normal irrigation water.
(i) The rights of ownershipof the distributary including all struc:ures, land acquired by Govt. and all other works executed in Water Users' Associationarea will remain with the Government.
B. Water Users' Association (WUA)
(i) The Water Users' Association will assume full responsi- "y for operation and maintenanceof the distributary/minor/submi.-^rand all structuresturned over to it. It will also ensure cons' ction/ maintenanceand repair of all the water courses, field c..annels, field drains within the jurisdiction of the Water Users' Asss&cation. Beforeformal turn over is made it will be ensured that th^ above systemsare madefully operational.The following items of w-,k are included in maintenancework.
(a) Removalof silt from distributary/minor,sub-minorWVaterczursesi fieldchannels and field drains and proper upkeepof the same. (b) Maintenanceof inspection path and service roads irn good condition. (c) Rermovalof grass, shrubsand bushes from t.s canal -- oank- ments,canal beds etc. (d) Maintenanceof the structures in good condition. (e) Maintenance of Head regulators, cross regulators, outlets gates etc. in good condition. (f) Earth work to restore banks. (g) Repairsto lining, pointing, plastering, replacingdarnaged por- tions, repairs to masonryand other structures etc.
(ii) !t will protect the entire system within its jurisdiction frcm any damagewhatsoever. Page- 7 - 82 - Annex 6 Attachment 1 Page 9 of 11
(iii) It will undertake/suggestmeasures for improvedwater management at the level of distributary.
(iv) It will organisebetter and improved water managementmethods at- the farm level. The Water Users' Associationwill have full right for internal distributionof water.
(v) It may ask for and obtain from the Govt. informationon planned operation & maintenanceactivities in the entire systeminc!uding at the concerneddistributary.
(vi) Etmay obtain permissionto utilise the land accu:redby toe Govt. but not being utilised fcr any fruitful purposes. Fcwever, due care -./ill be taken tc protect environment and damace to the system.
(vii) it Nill nctify the oroject authorities promptiy if th.Ee is any damace due to unforeseennatural calamities like earthc.ake, heavy rains etc.
(viii) it will collect water rates from the members/nc--rnembersof the Water Users' Associationas per the rate presc-ted by t;-e Asso- c:ation, for eventual deposit with Govt. within -e date':ne pre- scribed by Govt.
MISCELLANEOUS:
(i) n case of negligenceby the Water Users' Asscc'ationir mainte- nance of the system (excludingthe water courses,field channels and field drains, whose construction & mainterance is the sole responsibilityof the farmers) turned over to it, -e Govt. -,uillhave ne riaht to stop the supply of water with 15 days -ctice cr :o carry out the repair work on behalf of the Water Users Associa-.onand ,o recover its cost from the Water Users' Association.
Note:- In case of repeated negligence and when the WUA fails to take correctiveaction within a specified period to bring in improvement n the system, Governmentmay decide to take back the manage- ment and maintenanceresponsibilities from the WUA.
Page - 8 Annex 6 - 8 3 - Attachment 1 Page 10 of 11
(ii) In the event of violation of any of the provisions containedin the agreement with regard to water management also, Govt. may take similar action as In (i) above.
(iii) The concerned irrigation office (Executive Engineers/Asst. Engi- neers or their authorised representative) shall have the right to inspect the position of water supply to the Water Users' Association and to inspect the area under its jurisdiction and to verify whether the agreement entered into by the Water Users' Association with the Govt. is being implemented properly or othervise. The Water Users' Association will be duty bound to comply with the observa- tions made by the Government Officers in course cf visitinrspection
(iv) With a view to achieving optimum utilisation of availab:a water, check on unauthorised irrigation, extension of irrication to as much area as possible Govt. may also make provisicn ,or allc.ving the following concessions to the Water Users' Asscciations:
(a) Benefits of special schemes if any floated by Govt.
(b) Discount/concession in water rate. This maJ be ir form of financial assistance to the extent of a certain perce^tage as would be fixed by Gcvt. (may be 20% of the :vater ra:es) and will be given as outright grant from the water rates collected;
(c) Over and above this provisions as in (b) above, tn- Water Users' Association may be given rebate on the a-.ount of waterbill (say upto5%), if paymentis madetefore -..e dates prescribed for different irrigation seasons. On the o0-er hand if the amount of the bill is not paid within the dc'3 dates, surcharge (say 10% on the bill amount) or in?srest default as prescribed by Govt. may be paid by tIn Wate- Users' Association.
(v) Without prejudice to the provisions of Orissa Irrigation Act and Rules made thereunder, the Govt. will have the right to stop the water supply if Water Users' Association does not pay the water rates within stipulatedlextended time limit, supp:y will be resumed on clearance of all arrear dues.
Pae.- 9 - 84 - Annex 6 Attachment 1 Page 11 of 11
(vi) All disputes in respect of various provisions made under this agreementwill be resolvedby a Committeecomprising one nomi- nee from the Apex Committee and the SuperintendingEngineer concerned.In case of difficulty in resolvingit, matterwill be referrec[ to concernedChief Engineer/andGovernment in appropnateDe- partment.
This agreementwill remain in force for a period of years u th effect from the date of signing the agreement. Further continuationor c'herwise will be decided with the consent of both the parties.
Chairman ExecutiveEnc-eer
Water Users' Associatiorl IrrigatiorDivision.
MNSPW/TRG3,;PIN/DRAFT.WRD.
Page- 10 - 85 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 1 of 21
.. S X -_~L~~)e
GOVT OF ORISSA
DRAFT BYE-LAVVSOF WVATERUSERS' ASSOCATION'
DEPARrNMENTOF WATER RESOURCES
- 86 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 2 of 21
D-R A FT BYE-LAWS OF WATER USERS' ASSOCIATION
1. NAME:
The name of the Society shall be the Water Users' Association. It is registered as a Society under the Societies Registration -Act, 1860, bearing registration No._ Dt._ For all purposes, the Society referred to hereunder shall be identified as the "Association".
2. ADDRESS:
The registereu office of the "Association" is situated in t-.e vil-
lage _ __ . _Police Station_ _ Tehsil Block Distrc ic, Orissa.
3. AREA OF OPERATION:
The "Associaticn' will ftction having jurisdiction in the ertire commrrnd of distributary/mincr.'Sub-mi-or offtaking from disty./Brarc-nCa- nal_ of _ Irrigation Project.
4. OBJECTS:
The main objec:s of the Association shall be to:
(i) prepare O&M : ans for the supply of water and monitoring ,f the same.
(ii) provide reauirec talents, skills and management practices n the best ir, srest of ne farmers and undertake all reasonable steos to maintain the sys:em transferred to the "Association" efficiently and economically wi n active participation of the members of the Asso- ciation'. Maintenance wi i include:
(a) Sit c!eararce; (b) WVesdciea'ance; - R7 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 3 of 21
(c) Repairs to structures, APMS, self recording gauges, tail gauges etc. (d) Maintenance of service roads; and (e) environmental protection.
(iii) Construct. maintain and operate all the water courses, FIC (Field Irrigation Channels i.e. the channel constructed from the outlet upto turnouts including all structures, turnouts, road crossings etc.) and the FDC (Field Drainage Channels) i.e. the channel constructed from the field to tbe link/common drain to remove excess irrgation/ rain water and all structures in the Chaks. Technical support of Govt. in appropriate Department may be availed of in this regard.
(iv) co-ordinate with Government in appropriate DePartment regarding availability of water at the head control point.
(v) distribute water from canals as per schedule prepared for different rotation of water supply (Warabandi) in an orderly manner to all farmers. strictly according to entitlement and to enforce discipline in water use ampng the users.
(vi) disseminate quickly all the information messaces received from various Departments in respect of canal wa-er supplies, opening/ closing dates of canals, agronomical aspects, to all the members.
(vii) educate the farmers/members and train them in creparing the fields suitably for receiving irrigation water. adopticn cf modern methods of irrigation to conserve water and attain high ap-:ication efficiently:
(viii) educate farmers on irrigated agriculture, ssitab e crop varieties, sowing times, crop combinations package c. pra_tices fc, optimal and efficient use of water for increasing agrLcuL,uralproc=ction as well as productivity and profits of the farmers.
(ix) receive water in bulk from Government in aporcoriate Department at prescribed rate, at the head of the Minor/Distnoutary and distrib- ute the same equitably and timely as per the prccedure laid down/ approved by the Govt. to all the users either on volumetric basis or area basis as per prevailing rules prescribed by the Government.
Page-2 - 8 8 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 4 of 21
(x) aid and advise farmers to adopt planned cropping pattern consis- tent with schedules of water deliveries:
(xi) observe the gauge/measuring device of water supply in the Minorl. Distributary, laterals and outlets and to check the same as per authorised discharge stipulated by Government in appropriate De- partment and to take up the matter with the Department in case of variations. p. (xii) prepare an annual report showing (a) water received and water utilised (b)'area irrigated under different crops and (c) a balance sheet of the amount received in the year a,,d the amount spent on various items;
(xiii) adopt frequencies. rotat ons, opening and c!osing time of canals in view of the cropping pat;ern actually deve!coing in the cor,-,.and. in consultation with Govt. in appropriate Department;
(xiv) make best use of raturai precipitation and ground water in corijuction with the canai water;
(xv) resolvedisputes 'n shar,ngof water by the individualfarmers under the outlets or group of farmers under the outlets of lateral.'Minor/ Distributary
(xvi) co-ordinate with al! the ccncerned agencies.departments ccnnected .Nith water supply for improved irrigated agriculture:
(xvi!) collect water chargesfor the use of water from caraJsas ser rules orescribedby Governm,entfrom time to time.
(xviiii raise funds for the O&M fund by way of:
'a) Contributionfrom the members at unif.'rm rate per heczareof holding from all the users. o) Donations/Grants/Subsidiesreceived from the Govt. or other welfare funas and Institutions.
(xix) maintainaccounts of the managementcos, and O&M costs sepa- *atelyand have them audited annually by appropriateAcency as tirected by ExecutiveBcdy. Page- - 89 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 5 of 21
(xx) Any other work as would be delegated by Government/decided by the 'Association".
5. MEMBERSHIP:
(i) All land owners, within the area of operation of the Association" will have the rght to become members. All members will be the members of the General Body of the "Association", Enrolment as member will be by individual application on payment of enrolment fees and other fees as prescribed by the Governmentr'Association" from time to time. At least 51% of the registered land owners in the command area covered by the "Association" should be enrolled as members or the :and holdings of the members should cover at least 51% of the total area under the proposed "Association" before registration. Every member will have to place his water demand to the "Associaticn" in the prescribed forma' and it is obligatory ,or the "Association" to review all such demands of the members and to inform the decision taken. Every memrner sh,all have the richt to receive water in each rotation and in eaco, season as per the policy laid down by the "Association" and as Per the seasonwise quota sanctioned foCtne "Assoication".
Note: The membershipfees may be Rs.10.00 per member or as would be determined by the "Association".
(ii) Upon any land owner selling his land cr absolutely convevira the same by way of gift under his will or c;herwise,;he purchaser or donee shall automaticallybecome a member of the "Association" and shall be admittedas member on paymentof the share arrount, if not paid by -he land owner.
Note: (i) In the event of transfer of the entire holding, the land owner so transferringthe land will automaticallycease to be a memberof the "Association".
(ii) A memberof the "Association"can authorisein writing any of his share cropperslholdersto perform on his behalf all or any of the functionsof a memberrequired of his in the bye-law.
Page - 4 - 90 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 6 of 21
6. SHARE:
Holding of shares is compulsory: Every member shall hold a share on per hectare contribution basis as determined by the "Association".
Note: A sum of Rs.250.00 per hectare may be ideal rate of share.
7. DISQUALIFICATION:
A member who fails to pay his/her water charges to the Association consecutively for a period of two Kharif seasons shall cease to be a member of the "Association". However, the members,eip may be restored on payment of all the arrear dues alongwith re-enrolment fee.
8. ORGANISATIONAL SET UP:
Chak Committee:
(i) A "Chak" is the area commanded zy an outlet. Al me.nbe s whose land is situated in the Chak, shall be members cf the outet group. Each outlet group will elect three members to form the 'Chak Committee", one of whom will be selected as leader. As far as possible, one of the members snall be from :s..oren, S.C/S.T. Community. Representation shou'd be distributed between head reach, middle reach and tail-er. reach of t-e sYsteEM(must necessarily one from each reach).
(ii) Water Users'Association:
A water Users Assoc;ation is Pi "Association' o4 ali oersons owning land within a hydrologica: delineated pc-.:or. of T-e com- mand area ranging in size from "03 - 600 Ha. It may be .or each distributary or minor or sub-minor canal area including direct outlets clubbed to thern. The Associatior. will be formec and registered after enrolment of minimum 51% c, members. All :he fanc owners within the jurisdiction of the "Asscc ation will have rght tc become members of the "Association".
Page - 5 -91 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 7 of 21
(iiI) Appex Committee.
The irrigationproject level/scheme level committeewill be a federa- tion of all "Associations"represented by their respectiveChairman.
9. FUNCTIONAND POWERS OF THE "ASSOCIATION".
The "Association"will have the responsibilityfor receivinga2lotted bulk supply of water from the irrigationproject authoritiesin appro- priate Deptt.of Governmenton paymentat the prescribedrate and distributethe same to all the Water Users; whethermembers or not within the jurisdictionof the "Association"as per plan and sched- ule. Water so received will be for irrigation purpose only.
(ii) Maintain and operate the MinoriDistributary/laterals,FIC/FDCetc. includinglining, earth work, struc:uresetc. alreadyturned cx.er by Governmentto ,he cnntrol of "Associaticn"to the satisfacticr of all concernedby meetingthe expenditurefrom out of the O&M.fund created by the "Association".
(iii) Demonstrateand practise improvementon farm water manage- ment, method for improving field applicationefficiency in the indi- vidual farmer'sfield.
(iv) Makebest use of naturalprecipitation and groundwater in con'ction with the canal water for increasingirrigation and croppingin-ansity in the ccmmand.
(v) Develop sense of economy in water use amongst the -sers. Besides,it will control wastage or misuse or unauthorised-- se of water.
(vi) Co-ordinatewith Water Resources,Rural Development, Agricalture & AnimalHusbandry Department etc. in connectedmatters, prepare water budget, decide the date of supply of water and frequencies etc.
(vii) The Association would be responsible for levying charges for maintenanceand repair of irrigation/drainagechannels, strucmures within commandof concemed "AssQciation".
Page- 6 Annex 6 - 92 - Attachment 2 Page 8 of 21
(viii) Ensure collective and community responsibility of the farmers to collect water charges from water users and payment Govemment as per rules prescribed by Government from time to time.
Note:-1.
The "Association" shall have the right to charge water rate to the members of the 'Association" as is to be decided by the 'Associa- tion" itself. The "Association" may charge higher water rate tc the non-members and will have right to collect such water rate from ,hem. Higher rate to be charged to the non- members sha!l be Drescribed by !-e "Association", however, it shall not be n-or^*than 30% extra of t.ne rate applied to members of the 'Assoc ation'.
2. Farmers whether members or not of the "Associa: en,, will be 'evied w%ithwater rates ior use of water percolating thrsc.n the c s--bu- zary/minor/sub-minor/drains etc. within the commaarnar-a of the "Association" cn par with members and non-memnr-rs usirg -C-mal .rrigationwater.
(ix) The "Associaron' may set up different working cmmrni:essfor cistribution,maintenance and repair of Minor/Ds-...b;uta,mSa:sral, FIC/FDCetc. .vithinthe jurisdiction of the "Assoc:ation".
(x) The "Associat:o,' will resolve disputes amongstfa-mers S-osect ,. water distr. Stcn and allied matters.
Except other.wi,seprovided, resolution of the "Associai.On"sha!l requireapproval oy majcrity of members, casting /^sts ir p^son.
10. GENERALBODY:
All personsowning land and using water and who have ceen errc,'^z as members of the "Assccia!ion"shall constitute the General Bod,/ o the 'Association".
11. EXECUTIVE BODY/MANAGEMENTCOMMITTEE:
(i) The day to cay affairs of the "Association"shall be governedby the ExecutiveBoy !'ManagementCommittee.
Pa,c. - - 93 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 9 of 21
(ii) The Executive Bodywill consist of following members. (a) Chairman. (b) Vice-Chairman. (c) Secretary. (d) Treasuerer. (e) All the leadersof the Chak Committeesas members.
(iii) Chairman,Vice-Chairman, Secretary and Treasurerwill be elected. The posts will not carry any remuneration. The 'Association"by resolution may also co-opt any officer of GovernrmentDepartment, NGOs. or representativeof any other institutiongenuinely inter- ested in irrigated agriculture as member of the ExecutiveBody. Besides,one representativeof the Govt. (irrigat:cnDivision within which the "Association"is operative) will be on ti- ExecutiveBody of the 'Association"as an ex-officio honorary member.
12. TRANSACTIONOF BUSINESS:
Subjectto the controland directionof the General Bcdy,:-- businessof the "Association" shall be transacted by the Executive B-:y by rmeansof resolutionspassed at a duly convened meeting or by mea=.sof resolutions by circulation.
13. FUNCTIONS & POWERS OF EXECUTIVE BODY:
(i) The ExecutiveBody shall have the powers and d..:.esnecessary for the administrationof the affairs of the "Assccatic-' in 'keepingwith the prcvisions of the bye-law. For that matter, i, ..l set cut policy frame work for the "Association",and make rules of businessfor the ExecutiveBcdy for its smooth functicning.
(ii) Enter into agreementwith the Govt. in apprspria:- Deparmnentfor obtaining irrigaticn water in bulk.
(iii) Decide the cropping pattern and area to be irr,c=:edunder each crop within the "Association's"area of operation.
(iv) Decide the irrigation scheduleand distribute water outlet- wise.
(v) Take care, upkeepand surveillanceof irrigation',re area of opera- tion of the "Association"and the common areas ano facilities. Page - 8 Annex 6 - 9 4 - Attachment 2 Page 10 of 21
(vi) Designate, employ on remuneration and dismiss personnel neces- sary for the operation, maintenance & repairs of irrigation and drainage system.
(vii) Levy charges (for members and non-members) for operation, main-, tenance and repairs of irrigation and drainage system.
(viii) Collect water rates/charges, contributions from water users and remit Govt. dues.
(ix) Raise/obtain funds from various approved sources for the smooth functicning of the "Association".
(x) Sanct!cn working expenses, count cash balance, engage labour. organisa labour contribution from land owners or award cor.:racts for OM.1 of irrigation and drainage system.
(xi) See t at cash book is written promptly and is signed by the Treasurer.
(xii) Provide manner in which audit and accounts of the 'Association' shou!d be carried out.
(xiii) Inspec, irrigation and drainage system, distribution of water and ensure prevention of wastage, misuse or unauthorised use of water.
(xiv) Scrutirise accounts kept by Secretary and/or Treasurer and exam- ine the registers and accounts Books and take steps fcr the recovery of all sums due to the "Association".
(xv; Prepare annual budget and get approval from the General Body.
(xvi) Hear and deal with complaints of land owner and resolve disputes.
(xvii) Correspond with concerned Departments and agencies ir con- cerned matters and keep good rapport with them.
(xviii) Allow, Chak Committees and others to organise and carry out repairs of irrigation and drainage systems under their respective
Page- 9 Annex 6 9 5 - Attachment 2 Page 11 of 21
outlets, if so desired by themselves through labour and materials contributions.
(xix) Make best use of natural precipitation and ground water in conjuction with irrigation water.
(xx) Educate farmers in cropping pattern, water management. optimal and efficient use of water and inputs for increasing agricultural production, yields and their profits through trained irrigation com- munity organise.
(xxi) Take any other action to ensure and help fulfillinrc .he objectives of the "Association". For that matter the "Associatic1' may suspend supply of water to the detaulting member'non-rme-oer and resume t on fulfilment of the terms and conditions.
14. FUNCTIONS & POWERS OF CHAK COMMITTEE:
The Chak committee will be an intormal organisation and v.1 be resPonsible *for:
(i) Distribution of water below the outlet as per plan and prcgramme prepared by the committee.
(ii) Operation & maintenance of all the channels, str-nztures.,'thin the Chak command.
(iii) Any other activity as assigned by the "Associaticl'.
15. FUNCTIONS OF THE APEX COMMITTEE.
It will have non-binding advisory..e only on over all water -anage-.ent and on issues of inter-Association relevance. Further, this comr- ttee wi.: work as the go-in-between the "Association" and the Govt. in apccprriate Deptt.
16. ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE.
The office bearers and other members of the Executive Body shall be elected by members of the "Association". One of the elected members of the Chak committee will work as Chak leader and he will also work as member of the Executive Body.
Page- 10 - 96 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 12 of 21
The tenure of the office of the elected Executive Body (office bearers) shall be three years. With regard to members of the Executive Body, the term of one third number of members shall be fixed for three years in the first annual meeting of the 'Association". The term of Office of the other one third number of members will be for two years and the term of office of the remaining one third for one year.
The members who will relinquish as such form the Executive Body will be decided by lottery. On such relinquishment they will automatically cease to be the leaders of their respective Chak Committees. However, they will continue to be the members of this said committees. Vacancies caused due to expiry of term of the members of the Executive Body will be filled up by selection from among c her members of the respective Chak committee, who will also autosma:icallvbecome leaders ofMhe Chak committees for the pericd they coninue to be the members of the Executive Body.
However, any member of the Executive 2cdy shall not cease to hold office until his.her successorassumes office.
17. VACANCIES:
(i) Any of the office bearers may at any time on noticein writing to the ExecutiveBody retire from office.
(ii) Any member c:her than the of.fce bearers of the Executive Bccy failingto attend three consecutivemeetings of the ExecutiveBo&t withoutsufficient reason given in writing to the ExecutiveBcdy, w., automaticallycease to be a member of the ExecutiveBody.
(iii) Any casual vacancyarising in any of the office shall be filled up by the Executive3ody by co-opticn to hold office *or the res: of t. e period in respect of persons ceasing to hold office.
(iv) The office bearers shall be eligible for reappointment.
18. REMOVALOFOFFICEBEARERS:
Upon an affirmative vote by a majority (more than 50% of the members oresent) of membersof the General Body of the 'Association" any of the office bearersmay be removedwith cause and his successorelected as pe~' procedure laid down. Page)-) Annex 6 - 97 - Attachment 2 Page 13 of 21
19. PERSONS ON REMUNERATION:
The Executive Body may engage any person on remuneration as it deems proper to transact special business like construction, technical, advice,-audit and similar other business. The engagement will be purely temporary an1d time bound.
20. DUTIES OF OFFICE BEARERS:
(i) Chairman
(a) The Chairman shall be the Chief Executive O''icer of 'Associa- tion". He/She shall have the general powers and duties which are vested in the office of the Chairmar. of "Association" including but not limited to the pcwers tc appoin: various committee and sue-committees frorr amonrc the members of the "Assocation" from time to timre as h she may in his discretiondecide to be appropriate *e assis- .n the condcct of the affairs cf the 'Association".
(b) He/She shall presideover the mee;:ngsof -..e GeneraiBody and Executive Body and all other meetingsof the 'Associa- tion" and conduct the proceedings.
(c) If there be any legal dispute, the Chairmran.ill handlesuch cases on behalf of the "Association'.
(ii) Vice-Chairman
The Vice-Chairmansh1!i take the place of th,e Chairman and perform his/her duties whereverthe Cha man is absentcr r,able to act under vaid grourds. If neither the Chair-an nor -ine Vice- Chairman is able to act, then the Executive Ecdy sha!, appoint some other memberof the Executive Body to act on an interim basis. The Vice-Chairmanshall also perform sucn other cuties as shall from time to time entrusted to him/her by General Body/ Executive Body.
Page- 12 Annex 6 - 98 - Attachment 2 Page 14 of 21
(ili) Secretary
He/She shall convene all meetings of the Association and shall maintain the minutes of all meetings. He/She shall issue general circulars and notices and carry on all correspondences on behalf of the "Association". He/She shall remain in charge of such books and papers as the General Body/Executive Bcdy may direct and shall in general perform all duties incidental to :-e office of Secretary i.e. execution of orders and resolutions of Executive Body, recording proceedings of meeting etc. He/She snall incur expenditure on approval of the Executive Body.
All suits ard matters instituted by or on cehalf of the "Association" shaUlbe irstituted in the name of the S-cretary and all pleadings, warrarns. power of attorney, Vakalatnra-.a. petitions, statements etc. shall ce signed by the Secretary a-_ likewise in all suits and matters acainst the "Association", the Sezreary shall represent the 'Asscc.ation".
(iv) Treasurer:
The T._asurer shall be responsible for -reeipt of all subscriptions, fees, ra-es and charges, donations, gra.-ts and money etc. from differen: sources as provided in the bye- a'w and issue receipts for the sa-m. He shall receive, disburse a-r, maintain daily accounts and s,.ail at the end of the financial yea, get the same aLdited by the au:n7-onsedAuditor and furnish an audited statement of all receipts and expenditures to the Execut /i Body.
21. MEETINGS:
Meeting of the Executive Body of the "Associatior. shall be held in ;-.e office of the 'Associa: cn' or at any other suitable olace convenien: to the members from .me to time, but at least once in a ,onth during the irrigation season. The firs- rmreetingof the newly constitutec Executive Body shall be held within ten cays of election of office bearers.
(ii) Annual General Body meeting of the 'Association' be held in the month of May (preferably on second Saturday) each year. The elected Executive Body members shall bc present at such meeting
Page - 13 -99- Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 15 of 21
in accordance with the bye-laws. The General Body will decide on policy matters and alloc-ate funds for O&M. The members may also transact such other business of the "Association- as may prjoperly come before them, approve annual budget contribution from mem- bers and audited accounts of the previous year. The Secretary of the "Association" shall prepare the annual report and read out in the meeting.
(iii) Two general seasonal meetings of the 'Association" shall be convened one month before every Kharif and Rabi season for preparing crop plan, water budget, maintenance and repair of Minor/Distributary, FIC/FDC etc.
(iv) Special meetinas of the "Association" shall be called by the Chairman as decided by,.the Executive Body, cr upon a petition signed by at least ten percent of members havinc been presented to the Secretary or at the request of the project a-zhorities respon- sible for the supply c. water to the "Association",Gov-. in the appropriate Deptt. or any other officer duly authorised by CGovt.The notice of any special meeting shall state the time and place o. such meeting and the purpose thereof.
The minutes of the meetings shall be recorded, prepared and kept by the Secretary and shall be signed by the perscn presicing over the meetings. The minu-es shall he read out and confirmez at such respective subsequent meetings.
22. NOTICE OF MEETINGS:
It shall --e the duty of the Secretary to inform or send notice of each General/ Seasc,._./special meetings statirg the purpose thereof as ,ve!l as .ne time and place of meetings to each member at least seven cays oricr co such meetincs with copy to the Gcvt. in appropriaie Deptt. and ccncerned irrigation project authorities.
23. ADJOURNED MEETINGS:
If the meetings of members could not be organised for want of qucrum, the members who are present, may adjourn the meeting to a time not !ess than 24 hours from the time of the original meeting was called.
Page - 14 Annex 6 - 1 00 - Attachment 2 Page 16 of 21
24. ORDERSOF BUSINESSOF MEETINGS.
The orders of Business at all meetings of the "Associat:on"shall be as follows:
(i) Signature/Thumbimpression of all members present. (ii) Proof of notice of meeting. (iii) Readingout the minutesof the precedingmeetir- and ratification thereof. (iv) Report,if any, of committeesset up. (v) Electionof the committee (in case of annual mee:ings). (vi) Unfinishedbusiness, if any. (vii) New businessas per agenda and passing reso!u::on. (viii) vote of thanks.
25. QUORUM:
At all rmeetings.one third of total strength of the mrmbas shall constitute quorumfor the transactionof business and the acts of m -bers presentat a meeting at which quorum is present shall be the acts ^f the Executive Body/GeneralBody. KlZeting having no quorumshall be acz'urnedfrom time
to time and at any such adjournedmeeting any business'.. -ich might have been transacted as originally called may be transacte: without further notice, providedthere is a quorum present.
26. VOTE:
Every membershall have the right to vote and shall nave c- y one vcte. The Chairman,shall have a casting vote in case of tie. The cz-optedmembers will not have any voting right in electing the office bearers- z. or in passing different resolutionsbut may guide the members in :'-e r,.-tirgs regarding allocation of water, general procedures for distri.nncn. :rovision in the different Acts & Rules and other legal matters and 'inalisaecrn of cropping pattern, irrigaticn scl'edule, crop intensification and divers cation etc.
27. ASSESSMENT:
(a) All the land owners withinthe area of operationof .he 'Association' and irrespectiveof the fact that they are enrciledas membersof the "Association' or not, shall be obliged to pay the assessments imposedby the "Association"so as to meet all expensesrelating
Page - 15 - 101 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 17 of 21
to the 'Association" in Village P.O. Block Tahsil Dist. which may include per hectare share contribution in respect of the agricultural holding, water charges prescribed by the Govt. in appropriate Deptf. for the use of such water from any particular irrigation project and any other sums as assessed by the Govt./ "Association".
(b) The land owners in the area of operation of the `Associa'on' are obliged to strictly follow the operation rules and proced_;res pre- scribed by the Govt. In appropriate Departments or the 'Asso&a- tion" in respect of water supplies, water use and conse-vaticn, protection of the assets as entrusted to the "Association.,.
28. MIAINTENANCE AND REPAIRS:
1. Every member/non-member land owners in the area cf ope-a^rn of the "Association' shall carry out periodical maintenance of ecualiser i.e. irrigation channel constructed in his field by the memba- in self or Government to supply water from turnout to individual c= ?!c:.s and the FIC in cood order. The land levelling/shapinc;bou--s s .all also be protected/repaired for uninform distribution and c-.-seria- tion of water.
2. Every member 1 non-member land owner shall close the tu ^ ^i of the FIC after ccmpleting the irrigation of his field.
3. Every member/non-member shall take water from the irrica: o r._- work oniv from the authorised turnout provided in the FIC ^^o s all take water stric:iy according to the time allotted to him by Gc.':. n apprcopiate Departmenm or by "Asscciation" if volurre:ric y n bulk is undertaken by the "Association".
4. Every rmemberinon-member shall take due care not to graze a .e, cross the lateral, minor, distributary, FIC/FDC or bunds cor-smr.c-ed in the fields by carts/tractors, vehicles or animal and ine road bridges provided shall only be made use of for the crossing.
Page - 16 - 102 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 18 of 21
29. RIGHT OF ENTRY:
Every member shall get the right of entry to the Chairman, the \Vice- Chairman, the Secretary, Member of the Executive Body or to any other person authorised by the Executive Body for inspection, supervision or for any enquiry in respect of disputes regarding sharina of water of for mainte- nance and repairs of irrigation and drainage net works.
30. FUNDS:
There xvill be raised a fund called "Operation & Maintenance Furd' (O&M Fund) by the 'Association" in all or any of the fc&'ov',ingways.
(i) by shares,
(ii) b c_^: 'ionst per ha. from the mem rs and n,,n-mer- rs.
(iii) by cora:icns from the members.Land cn.-rs v.,ih:in th^ area of operat.^n or any other Institution, Trust, S,ate Govt.
(iv) by receiving subsidies, grant-in-aid from the. State Government.
(v) trom prcr.:s which shall arise from the hi-.^, .mplements/ecuipme!- to the fa,rmers or from the margin of wa-er rates in receiving bulk cuaiti:y cl water on volumetric basis a t;-e rates prescribed bv State Govt. in appropriate Deptt. from tirme to time a^d rates cnargec .c the members after getting the-n aoproved fr^r.^ Govern- ment i, appropriate Department.
(vi) Comrnrss _n charges received frorm the S:--e Go''vernme-r in co'- !ectirc :a-er charges from the members anc rer-;-::rg thn :o the Gcvt. in a^propriate Department.
31. INVESTMIENTAND OPERATION OF FUNDS:
The "Associaticn'' may keep its funds under intersSt bearing fixed ceposits in the Nationalised,Gramya Bank authorised by the Government in appropri- ate Department/Irrigation Projects authorities in joint account of Secretary and Chairman/Member authorised by the Executive Body. The interest accrued from 'he fixed deposit amount shall be soent on operation and
Page - 17 - 10 3 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 19 of 21
maintenance of the system and other allied activities as decided by the Executive Body.
The Secretary may retain in his personal custody an amount of not exceeding Rs.1,000/- for petty expenses (exigency office expenses). All payments other than wages above a certain amount as decided by the Executive Body shalt be made by cheques signed by the Secretary and the Chairman or any other member authorised by the Executive Body.
32. ACCOUNTS:
(i) The accounts fcr maintenance and repair of irrigation and drainage net-works should be kept separately for eacn Unit sc as to satisfy the members about the fair and equal atteniion paid by the "Assocation" to the upkeep of the distribution and crainage net- work urcar eacn unit. The Chak Comrmit:ee shcu.d verify the accounts of resoective Chak.
(ii) The accountina years will be from 1st APril to 31st '.larch of the next year. The "Association" shall on or before 30th September in each year publish and audited annual financial s ate,r.ent contain- ing the following:
(a) The profit and loss accounts.
(b) The receiots and expenditure of the previcus year and;
(c) A summary of the property and assets and lia-:lities giving such partculars as will disclose the general rnature of the liabiiit,es and assets and how the value o' fixez assets has been arrived at. Copies thereof shall oe sucr-;tec to the irr,gation project authorities/Governmenz n a:prc -:ate Depart- ment not later than 1St October, every year. 7he following reciszers are to be maintained and presented to -,e appropri- ate officer for inspection.
1. Daily cash transaction account. 2. Receipt Book. 3. Members and non-members register. 4. Farmers' demand for water register and irr;gation schedule. Page- 18 - 104 - Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 20 of 21
5. Minutes book. 6. Monthly cash transaction account. 7. Permanent term deposit account. 8. Assets account. 9. Bank account. 10. Complaint Register. 11. Visitor's Book.
33. PUBLICATION OF ACCOUNTS AND REPORTS:
A copy of the last financial statement and of the report of the Auditcr. if any, shall b- kept, in a cons.:cuous olace.in the Office of the "Asscc atcn".
Receip- and'exocenditure accoun:s, balance sheet, togetrer with a ,e,oort shall be o'aced Deforethe general body meeting aiter the exDiratic- z, each financ:; year.
34. APPOINTMENT OF AUDITORS.
The "Association" shal! aopoint a, its General meeting an Auditor ;.c shall audit the accounts of tre "Ass^ciation" prepared by the Execu-..ve Body herein before provided a-d shai! examine the annual return and .e `y the same %-.whthe accounts relating thereto and shall either sicn the sar7e as found bv him to be correc:ed, du!y vouchered and in accordance wv;h 'aw or special:y report to the ,,sscciat:cn" in what respect he finds it inc -. un- vouche-rd cr no, in aczz dance ith law.
35. POWER OF AUDITOR:
The Aucitor shall be entitled :o call for and examine any pa:Vs or docur,,-^s be!cnging to .-e "Association" and shall make a spec a: -. ort to the Association"upon any matter connected with the accou:s .vnhich appears necessaryfor such repcrting.
36. SUITSAND LEGALPROCEEDINGS:
The "Association"shall sue and shall be sued in the name of the S^cretary of the "Association".
Page- 19 105 Annex 6 Attachment 2 Page 21 of 21
37. AMENDMENTSOF BYE-LAWS:
The Bye-lawsmay be amended by the 'Association" in a duly constituted meeting for such purpose and no amendment shall take effect unless approvedby absolute majority i.e. two thirds of the membersof the "Asso- ciation" and the modifiedby-laws will be effective only after approvalby the Govt. in appropriateDepartment and Registrarof Co-operativeSccieties.
38. LIQUIDATION/DISSOLUTION:
The "Association"may by special resolution determine that it shall be dissolved and for that purpose two thirds of the members of the General Body shall confirmin wrting. Upon such liquidation/dissolutionthe property of the "Association"will be handed over to any other nearby Water Users' Associationor to Governmentafter satisfactionof all its debits and ' abilities, cr to the Court and actionrtaken as per direction of the Court.
39. INTERPRETATION:
In case of conflict arising out of the reading of the bye-laws of the `Association` the interpretationas given by the Govt. in appropriateDepart- ment sha!l be final.
40. SPECIALPROVISION:
For the mattersnot specifically proposed for in these bye-iaws,1.t3 provi- sions of the Societies, RegistrationAct, 1860 and rules made thereunder shall app;y.
- Page- zo - 106 - Annex 6 Attachment 3 Page 1 of 2
Farmer Organization and Tumover Program IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE for Phase I Schemes
Month Activities
I -- Study tour to Maharashtra to familiarize WALMI and DOWR staff in turnover process (WALMI/Orissa and WALMI/Aurangabad)
-- Conduct orientation workshop for NGOs (WALMI)
2 -- One-day appreciation workshop for senior DOWR staff (DOWR)
-- Begin recruitment for FOT Consultant (DOWR)
- Begin recruitment for additional WALMI staff for FOT training (WALMI)
3 -- Conduct reconnaissance survey of Phase I schemes to identify training needs for FOT teams; (WALMI)
-- One-day legal training for WALMI staiT (WALMI)
-- Begin drafting Farmer Organization Guidelines for JEs, SDOs, and NGOs in Phase I areas (WALMI)
4 -- Finalize agreements with NGOs (DOWR)
-- Project-level appreciation workshops for EEs and SDOs in Phase I areas (WALMI)
5 -- PRA training workshop for WALMI faculty (WALMI/NGOs)
6 -- Deployment of NGOs in pilot areas (DOWR)
-- Complete draft of Farmer Organization Guidelines (WALMI)
-- Identify and deploy suitable JEs to Phase I areas (DOWR)
-- Depute social organizers to work with SDOs in Phase I areas (NGOs) - 107 -
Annex 6 Attachment3 Page 2 of 2 -- Training workshop on sociotechnical assessment for JEs, SOs, and NGOs in Phase I areas (WALMI)
7 -- Participatory design fieldwork (WALMI/NGOs)
7-8 -- Implement assessment activities (JEs, SOs, and NGOs)
9 -- Conduct training workshop on organizing skills for SDOs, JEs, and SOs (WALMI)
9 -- Draft handbook for WUA leaders (WALMI)
9 -- Implement organizing activities (JEs, SOs, and NGOs) onwards -- Conduct farmer training activities (WALMI and FOT Teams)
-- Conduct half-yearly seminar to share experiences in organizing (WALMI, NGOs, DOWR)
Begin discussions on MOU with DOWR (WUA and DOWR)
-S Sign MOU (WUA and DOWR)
- O&M apprenticeship training for WUA leaders (DOWR)
= Initiate discussion of apex body (FOT Teams)
Conduct hydraulic test of new structures (DOWR and WUA Leaders)
-- Formal handing over ceremony (DOWR and WUA Leaders) - 108 - Annex 6 Attachment4 Page I of 4
SAMPLE AGREEMENT between Govemment of Orissa Department of Water Resources and an NGO
[NOTE: In Rushikuliya Distributory I I and Godhahda systems, an NGO will be assigned a single minor in which the NGO will organize farmers into one or more WUAs. In Aunli, either a portion of the system or the entire system will be organized with NGO assistance. These NGO areas will serve as a training ground for the JEs working elsewhere in the same system, and for JEs and other DOWR staff in other projects. The NGOs will document their organizing experience, and this will be incorporated into WALMI training programs. ]
This Memorandum of Agreement made and entered between (1) , a non- governmental organization (NGO) registered in r city j, Orissa as a society under the Societies Registration Act with registration no. and represented herein by its chairman/president duly authorized by the NGO on the one side and (2) the Executive Engineer, Division of the Department of Water Resources (DOWR) on behalf of the Government of Orissa on the other.
2. The objective of this MOA is to provide a written agreement between the NGO and the DOWR on the activities, rights and responsibilities of the two organizations during the phase of organizing water users associations a.nong the farmers iinthe command of _minor/distributory taking off from main canal of the irrigationsystem in District, and assist the DOWR and the WUAs in turning over the entire responsibility of operation and management of the said minor/distributory to WUAs.
DZefinitions
NGO refers to the non-governmental organization as defined in the Societies Act. WUA refers to a water user association which is an organization of farmers in the said area. DOWR refers to the Water Resources Department of the Government of Orissa. Joint management refers to the operation and maintenance carried out jointly by the WUAs and the DOWR. Turnover defines the point in time when the WUA assumes full responsibility for the operation and maintenance of the minor/distributory and downstream system. - 109 - Annex 6 Attachment4 Page 2 of 4 Background
The Government of Orissa intends to rehabilitate the existing irrigation systems with a view to provide equitable, timely, and assures water deliveries to all the farmers in the command of the respective irrigation schemes, and introduce participatory water management with the farmers. The participatory approach will entail establishing water users associations of farmers at the minor level, who will work jointly with the DOWR and share rights and responsibilities. The DOWR will operate and maintain the main system, whereas the WUA will assume full O&M responsibilities below the minor. This arrangement will improve service and promote an increase in irrigation coverage, while enhancing productivity and production of irrigated crops.
Responsibilities
1. DOWR
Rehabilitate irrigation systems, restore canal capacities as per design, install adequate control structures to provide water to all sub-commands proportionate to area;
Provide all information related to irrigation, water availability, command areas, canal capacities, rainfall, and water requirements of different crops;
Execute Memoranda of Understanding between the DOWR and WUAs indicating water supply levels, periods of supply, and spelling out rights and responsibilities of DOWR and WUAs;
Joint inspections of the minors/distributories before executing rehabilitation work to ascertain users' views;
Conduct hydraulic tests of minors/distributories prior to handing over O&M responsibility to the WUA.
2. NGO
Motivate farmers in the command of the said minor/distributory to form WUAs, undertake responsibility for operation and repairs of the minor/distributory and field channels, distribute water equitably, resolve disputes, collect water fees and remit same to government;
Assist farmers in organizing WUAs with at least 51 percent of farmers enrolled as members;
Provide assistance to farmers in respect of: - joint inspection of the distributories/minors/fieldchannels; - negotiating and signing the MOU with DOWR, - 110 -
Annex6 Attachment4 Page 3 of 4 - managing water equitably and solving disputes; - conducting the business of the WUA in passing resolutions and policy decisions; - financial management and accounts;
Training farmers and developing their capacities and skills to assume full responsibilities of O&M;
Monitoring the performance of the WUAs after turn over in respect of water distribution, equitable supply, and increase in productivity, production, and irrigated area;
Documentation of the process of organizing WUAs, registration, building of skills and capacities of the farmers, assistance provided during joint inspections, MOU, turnover, and monitoring, as well as problems encountered and how they were resolved.
Furnishing quarterly reports and subrnitting a final report proposing improvements and modifications in the program, including suggested changes in the draft MOU, Bylaws of the WUA, and participatory water management between DOWR and farmers.
Period of Agreement
The period of the agreement will be _ years but may be extended if there will be any delay in completing rehabilitation works or executing the MOU.
General Terms
The NGO will work in close coordination with the Sub-Divisional Officer in the area, and take up issues on legal or irrigation problems with the CE (O&M) and the FOT Consultant.
The NGO will share their experience with DOWR in organizing, assisting farmers in the turnover process through half-yearly seminars held in cooperation with WALMI.
Reporting
The final report submitted by the NGO will include discussion of the following issues:
1. General - geographical and topographical features of the area - land classification and land use - land holding classification - canal system before and after rehabilitation - water distribution before the formation of WUAs - 111 - Anne 6 Attachnet 4 Page4 of 4 - problems in getting equitable and reliable water - disputes in sharing water and how they were resolved
2. Organizing Process - how data were collected on - canal system details - land ownership - methodology and procedures in motivating farmers - farmers' perceptions of participatory management - numbers and period of organizers deployed for - registration - turnover - monitoring - problems in organizing farmers, and how solved - process of identification of potential leaders - adjustments in deciding area of WUA operation - registration of WUAs (process, period, difficulties) - negotiation and interaction with DOWR in - finalizing MOU - completion of rehabilitation works - turnover - assistance and cooperation from DOWR field staff - formal and hands-on training imparted to farmers - period of rehabilitation and turnover
3. Performance of the WUA - increase in membership - irrigation efficiency and irrigated area - increase in productivity/production - conducting business of the WUAs - financial management - management costs - employees of WUA and functions - distribution equity and supply of water - maintenance and repair of infrastructure
4. Recommendations - suitable size for WIUAs - revisions to model MOUs and Bylaws - rights and responsibilities of DOWR and WUA - share capital or corpus fund for WUA - 112 - Annex 6 Attachment5 Page 1 of 1 CONSULTANT ON FARMER ORGANIZATION & TURNOVER Job Profile
The Farmer Organization and Turnover (FOT) Consultant will assist the DOWR in the operational planning and implementation of the FOT Program as part of the System Rehabilitation and Modernization component of the Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project. The FOT Consultant will report to the CE (Water Services). Until this post is established, the FOT will report directly to the Engineer-in-Chief, or to another Chief Engineer as designated by the E in C. Specific duties and responsibilities of the consultant will include:
* Promote and facilitate the FOT program for the WRCP and propose and help implement any necessary revisions or additions to the implementation program;
* Assist the DOWR to identify suitable NGOs for obtaining manpower, training, research, and evaluation assistance. He will help in preparing an inventory of such institutions and in providing Terms of Reference for their possible involvement;
v Assist the CE (Water Services) in formulating and implementing an annual action plan with detailed schedules of farmer organization, training and administrative action in line with the rehabilitation/modernizationinvestments;
* Assist the Director (WALMI) in planning, reviewing and implementing the training activities for DOWR staff;
- Coordinate and monitor the inputs of WALMI, NGOs, and other organizations involved in implementing the FOT program;
* Monitor the organizing process in the Phase I locations through regular field visits and discussions with concerned agency staff, farmers, and NGOs;
* Analyze and prepare monthly reports on specific aspects of the FOT program that require the consideration of the CE (Water Services) and Government of Orissa;
* Evaluate effectiveness of the FOT program in turning over O&M responsibilityto users, and help DOWR evaluate the performance impact on water management in the main system.
Oualifications
Advanced degree in social science preferred; practical experience in irrigation and specifically in organizing water user associations required. Experience in training and research highly desirable. Must be able to speak Oriya, or willing to learn. Must be able to interact easily with farmers, and willing to spend long periods in the field. - 113 - Annex 6 Attachment6 Page 1 of I
POSITION DESCRIPTIONS FOR JUNIOR ENGINEERS AND SOCIAL ORGANIZERS
Junior Engineers(Farmer Organization/Turnover)
1. The JE will comprise the key link in the FOT process. Tasks:
(a) meet with farmers and discuss the FOT program (individually,small groups, and large meetings) (b) compile list of landowners and delineate WUA boundaries; (c) act as liaison with the SDO (O&M) and SDO (construction) to ensure farmer involvement in planning and implementing minor-level improvements; (d) conduct participatory canal walk-throughs of distributories; (e) explain registration process to farmers and help in WUA formation; (f) act as liaison between EE and WUAs to negotiate MOU; (g) oversee joint management arrangements and farmer training in O&M; (h) work with WUAs to establish a federation of WUAs (apex organization) at the scheme level.
Social Organizers (SOs)
2. Under the supervision of the SDO and the FOT Consultant, the SOs will be responsible for ensuring broad participation in the WUAs. One or two SOs will be assigned to each SDO in the areas where FOT work is ongoing. Tasks:
(a) meet and discuss with farmers, farm families, and village leaders to discuss the purpose and potential benefits of the FOT program; (b) work with farmers to nominate representatives for the WUA; (c) act as liaison among farmers, DOWR, and, where appropriate, CADA staff to ensure farmer involvement in implementing OFD works; (d) work closely with other members of the FOT team, project staff, and farmers to discuss/plan minor-level improvements; (e) particularly for woman SOs, meet with women farmers to elicit their suggestions for the WUAand enlist their support for the turnover program; (f) advise farmers on process of registering the WUA; (g) discuss with farmers the options for collecting and investing an O&M fund; (h) assist farmer leaders and, when named, the WUA presidents in conducting the work of the new organization; (i) other duties as determined by the SDO or the FOT Consultant. JI?1j9o UOIWBZIU1oJO101J
j Jo I age L 1UOUXIpeBv 9 XOUUV Annex6 Attchment 8 Page I of I ANNUALINSPECTION PROGRAM TYPICALCOMMAND
ITEM COMPONENT FREQUENCY JULY IAUGUST, SEPT OCT NOV I DEC _JAN FED MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE BRANCHCANAL WATERWAY 2:1yr., on dailyrounds I X XXX I = WW WWI I I 0QQ 0 0Q I Banks 1:1yr., on daityrounds X XXX 0000 QQ Drainage _ 1:1yr. X XXX 0 CIO0 0Q0 Regulalors 1:1yr., on dailyrounds X XXX 0 0QQQ OtherStrudures 1:1yr. X XXX 0Q Q000 Outlets 1:1yr, ondaily rounds…X XXX 0 00 0Q SRoadwors 1:3yrs. SSS SSSSSS ______~Roadworks 1:1yr. X XXX Bridges 1:3yrs., on dailyrounds X XXX Q0 Q00 QQ tINOR CANALS Waterway 2:1yr., ondaily rounds = =_ X XXXP PXX WW WW 00 00 0Q B__ankks _ 1:1yr., on dailyrounds XXX XXXXXX =_ __ =Q Q oa 000Q000I _____ ~~~Drainage 1:l yr. XXX XXX XXX ……… Regulators 1:1yr.. on daily rounds X XXXXXX XXX I 00 000 QQ I OtherStructures 1:1yr. =XX X XXXXXX I 00 00 00 Q 000Q 0 ______~Outlets 1: r.o al onds X XXX XXX xxx Syphons 1:3yrs. SSS SSSSSS InspectionPalhs 1:1yr. X XXXXXX XXX Bndges 1:3 yrs., on dailyrounds… _ XXXXXPX … 00_ QQ DRAINS Waterway 1:1 yr. manodator xxx tIbd______Banks. 1:l yr. xmm m Structures 11 yr.__ XXx …====M M-_ n ______~~Sluices 1:1yr. xxx mm14 mm EMffANKMENTSEmbankMent 11 yr.andatory MbM_ 1 ______Esca~pes 1:1 yr. mmnatm Pl mma Sklios 1:1yr mandatory WA LOAU ______*'Rooway 1:1 yr. ffandatory mmd14 Sp_ 1:1 yr. mrandatory mm IM_ FACILl1ES Offces- 1:1yr _== ______~Housing 1:1yr. x ______~Depots 2:1yr. ResSheds 1 r PLANT FixedPlant 1:1 yr. x PLANT _ FMobilPlant As permanual RRRRRR RRM RRRR RR RRRR RRRRRR R RR RRFRRR MMRMMRRR RR RR RR Vehicles As permanual RRRRRR R RRR RRR RRF MR RRFRRRR RR RRRRRR Equipmeot As per nanuel RRR RRRR RR RFR RRF RRRRR MF RRRRRRRRRRR ELECTRKCAL Facilit es Asper regulations MR MM MM RM MMRR MF RRRRR RR M RRR RRRRRR RRM RRFM RR RRR Plant As required RRRRRR R RM RM RRR RR R RR R R RRR R RRRRRR RRR RRRR ELECTRONIC Dda Coieolon 4:1yr. = I u£_x=___ _OffieEqLdp-ert 4:1yr. __ R aRPoutns X aPr* uddInseto 3 m sptin WeaWeeds. Seepage MaroOM n Q * Dry hnspeCtonasNedd ______- 116 -
Annex 6 Attachment 9
ANNUAL BUDGET Page I of I TYPICAL COMMAND MAIN AND BRANCHCANALS
ROUTINE MAINTENANCE COMPONENT WORK QUANTITY RATE COST TOTAL CANAL PRISM Desilting 6 kmJyr, 1:7.5 yrs. 16/cu.m. 460,800 Reslore Cross-section 2km./yr, 1:20 yrs. 1B/cu.m. 28,800 Latentb lining repairs 200 m.lyr. 500/m. 100,000 Bank scouring 400 m.ryr. 18/cu.m. 64,000 Remove obstructions 10/yr. 300/tem 3,000 Erosion downstream of structures 2/yr.. 1:5 yrs.. 300 cu.m. 130/cu.m. 39.000 ______695,600 WEED CONTROL Aquatc 5 km. on condibon, 10% p.a. 8,000/km. 40,000 Terrestrial 5 km/yr. on condition 1,000/km 5,000 ______~~~~~~~~~45.000 BANKS Earthworks repair 3 km./yr., 7% 14/cu.m. 18,900 Seepagecontrol 200 m.. 600 cu.m. 14/cu.m. 8,400 Repair breaches 1/yr., 1,000 cu.m. 166/trip 166,000 Stone pitching 300 cu.m/yr. 130/cu.m. 39,000 TurnIng 1.000 sq.m./yr. S/sq.m. 5.000 Grade access tracks 3 kmlyr. 1.000/hr. 8,000 Improve machine access 5 km./yr. 1,000/hr. 20.000 ______265,300 DRAINS Install catchwater drainage 200 m2yr. 15/M. 3,000 Maintain berm drainage 200 m./yr. 5/m. 1.000 Desilt cross drainage 12/yr., 1:1 yr. 1,000/unit 12.000 Dest downstream channel 500 m., 5,000 cu.m. 16/cu.m. 80,000 96,000 STRUCTURES Inspect as per schedule REGULATORS Lubricate, paint, repair 7 CRs/yr., 1:1 yr. 1,830/CR 11,400 ESCAPES CMI maintenance AJI25 structures, 1:1 yr. 5.780unit 144.000 FALLS Remove rocks and rubbish 2/yr. on condibon 500 SYPHON Replace shutters 2/yr. on conditon, 1:20 yrs. 10,000/unit 20.000 Replace lifting gear 4/yr., 10% p.a. 5,000/unit 20,000 Repair stone pitching 1/yr., 20 cu.m. 130Wcu.m. 3,000 Repaint canal gauges 1:1 yr.. 14 units 500/unit 7,000 Desilt Shargavi syphon 1:5 yrs. 60,000/tme 12,000 .______217.900 OUTLETS Replace outlet pipe 10/yr., 1:7 yrs. 2.000/unit 20.000 Repair outlet structure 25/yr., 1:3 yrs. 500/unit 12,500 Repair joints 20/yr. 200/unit 4,000 Replace outlet 5/yr.. 1:15 yrs . 3.00Wunit 15.000 Relocate outlet 4/yr. 5,000/unit 20.000 71.500 ROADWORKS Inspect as per schedule Grading 45 km.,1:1 yr. 1,000/hr. 90,000 Earthwork, potholes, patches 10,000 cu.m/yr. 13.75/cu.m. 137,500 Replace topcourse 4,800 cu.mJyr. 52/cu.m. 249.600 Signs 8yr.1:5 yrs. 500/unit 4,000 481.100 BRIDGES Inspect as per schedule Approach repairs 5/yr.,25% p.a. 23,600/unit 118,000 Structural repairs 3/yr., 1:6 yrs. 11,000/unit 33,000
2,023,400
SPECIAL REPAIRS SYSTEM Replace structure Replace bridge 1/yr. 300,000/unit 300,000 Scheme enhancements 2/yr. 100,000/unit 200,000 500,000 500,0001 Annex6 Alachmedt tO Page I ofl
ANNUAL WORKS PROGRAM TYPICAL COMMAND
COMPONENT WORK QUANTITY JULY AUGUST SEPT I OCT I NOV DEC JAN FE MARCH APRIL IMY JUNE SYSTEM Inspectas perschedule ______= CANAL PRISM Desiting km yr., 1:5yrs _ _ XXX Restorecross-section 2 km.hr 1 20 yrs _ _ ___ Lateritelinin re airs 200 m hrr - _y ___ Bank scounng 400 m iyr = = ==_ Removeobstructions 10hiyr ______XXX x00 Erosiondownstream of structures 2hVr, 1.5 yrs - _ __ = X-===_ 3 00 XXX WEED CONTROL Aquatic 5 km on condition,10% 0 p a _ X _ _ xx_ XXI XXX = _ OO _ I__ X( Terrestrial 5 km hyr on condition I ______XX _O _ _=_ I__ BANKS Earthworksrepair 3 km 1/yr7%1 14 _- -- I XX XXX XXX XKX XXX XXXXXXI XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX S^ee a e control _ 200 m i I XXX XXX xxX Rea_Repir breaches 1ivr _ - | XXXX-XXXX _ |OXXXXXX XXX XXX XXXXXXX XXX XCXX> XXX)OO Stone pitching 300 cu m /yr. _ izjz - _ XX) 00__ __ X_)(X OOI xoXXlx ZO(x Turfing 1,000sq.mh.yr XXX XXXXXX Grade accesstracks 3 km./yr I < i T XXX|XXX XXX X XXXXX X XXX XXX _ Improvemachine access 5 km yr - I i i XXX|XXX XXX XXXX XXXXXXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX DRAINS Installcatchwater drainage 200 ryrm TI xxxIxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxlxxxx|>- xx xxx _- Maintainberm drainage 200 mr/yr I _ i_ __ x XXX|XXX | XXX XXXX Desiltdrainmag ashons 2/r.i X)OO( XXX Desilt downstream channel 500 m T IIxxxxx> xxx STRUCTURES Inspectas per schedule ______i__ ] ==T xxxxxxxx = REGULATORS Mechanicalmaintenance 7CRshr 11 £ i X X ESCAPES Civilmaintenance All 25 structures,1.1 yr - XXX XXX XXX = ___ XXX X= X FALLS Removerocks and rubbish All 25 stnjctures, 11 yr - - i - X i i - i i X Replaceshutters 2hVr.on condnion, 1 20 yrs XXX __ xxx XXX… xxx XXXX Replacelrfting gear 4/yr, 10%p a 3……)( _ XX xxx I_ XXXXXXXX Repair stonepitching 1tyr, 20cu. m. ……XXX _ XXX XXX I XX XX )6. Repaitntcanal gauges 1 1 yr, 14 unis XXXIXXX XXX Desit tBarghavisyphon 1 5 yrs XXX i I XXX|XXXXXX OUTLETS Replaceoutlet pipe 10hr, 1 7 yrs I lXXX XX = I I xxx Repair outletstructure 25ty, 1:3 ysxxx lXXX XXX I_ XXX )XXXX tepair joints 20yr. XXX XXX XXX i XXX XX> XXX Replae outlet 5 1 r i xxX xxX i i xxx xxX xxx Relocateoutlet 4)yr. XXX xxx _ XXX CXXX )( ROADWORKS Inspe as per schedule X XXX Grading 45 km, 1 1 yr i XXXXXX XXX XXX XXX XXx xxXXX x XXXxxX xxXXXX XXXXXX Earthworks,pothols, patchin 20,000cu.m /yr. XXXXXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXXX XXX XXXXXX XXX XXX XX X|XXXXXXXX)X XXX XXX XXX Renewtopcourse 5 km./yr, 1:10yrs. i i XXX |XXXXXX |XXXXXXX X )= XXX|XXI XXX|XXX XXXXXX XXX 'gns 8.yr 1:5 yrrO( XXXlXxO XXXOO O XXX XzXX X)O X XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX X BRIDGES Inspe as Per schedule I XD= I I I XXX X xx= Apprach repairs 5/yr, 25% p.a XXX XX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX) XXX XXXXXX|X XXX ,XXX )OO XX X )OXXXX|XXX )XXX Structuralrepairs 3Wr, 1.5 yrs XX|XXX X XXX XXX|XXX XxxX XXXX X xxXX XxXX X) xXXX XXXXXX)XX )OO XXX|X)O XXX _ SPECIAL REPAIRS RepWastructure XXX xxx = Re lace 1ndgeyr XX XXXXXX Scrw enhancements 2 yrX XXX
I ~~~~~~~~~~~~Timeformainrtenance XX - 118 -
Annex6 Attachment11 Page I of 9
Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project OUTLINE OF TRAINING ACTMTIES Farmer Organization and Turnover Component
The following outline of training activities comprises an action plan that will be revised and refined as circumstances dictate. Except where noted, all training activities listed here will be conducted by WALMI faculty, at the main training facilities near Cuttack.
Training Activities Month
Appreciation Workshop (Senior Level) I
Field Reconnaissance 2
Legal Training Workshop 2
Appreciation Workshop (Middle Level) 3
Farmer Organization Guidelines 3/4
PRA Training for WALMI Staff 4
Assessment Workshop (JEs) 5
Participatory Design Fieldwork 6
Organizing Workshop (JEs) 8
Handbook for WUAs 8 - 119 -
Annex 6 Attachment I I Page 2 of 9 APPRECIATION WORKSHOP (Senior Level!
A one- or two-day workshop to introduce the concepts and implementation plans for WRCP and discuss the farmer organization and turnover component.
I) Need and Concept of WRCP - Basin level approach - Rehabilitation & Modernization - Role of farmer organization/turnover - O&M under the new arrangements
2) Importance of Farmer Participation - Key concepts - Examples (state, national, international) - Participatory approach under WRCP
3) Process of Turnover a) Identification/recruitment of staff/consultants: - SDOs and Junior Engineers - Role of khalasis and patrols - NGOs and Community Organizers b) Training Needs/Activities c) Implementation Plan - Assessment (including identification of existing organizations) - Participatory Design - Organizing and Registration - MOU - Joint inspection/decision on distributary works to be undertaken; - Joint management and hydrological testing; - Turnover to WUA
4) Discussion of MOU - Process of reaching agreement - Terms and conditions - Legal implications of awarding contracts to WUAs - 120 -
Annex 6 Attachment 11 Page 3 of 9 FIELD RECONNAISSANCE
WALMI staff will conduct rapid reconnaissance visits to the three Phase I projects (Aunli, Godhahada, and Rushikuliya Dsty I 1) to gain familiarity with conditions in each scheme as a first step in preparing training materials. The rapid reconnaissance visits will be conducted by a team of three to four WALMI faculty. The methodology will be based on a rapid rural appraisal (RRA) approach. Faculty will formulate a suitable set of reconnaissance guidelines which the team will apply to each location. It is anticipated that team members will spend two to three days at each system. The work will be completed by the end of February, and results presented at the mid-level Appreciation Workshop to be held later in March.
LEGAL TRAINING WORKSHOP
A one-day training workshop for WALMI faculty to become familiar with the legal aspects of farmer organization and turnover.
1) Panchayati Raj Act [Legal Expert] Implications of this act on rights and benefits to pani panchayats;
2) Society Registration [Registrar of Societies (or rep)] Process of registering a society; rights and responsibilities of a society; items to be incorporated into bylaws.
3) Memorandum of Understanding [Legal Expert] The terms and legal implications of the MOU
4) Work Contracts for WUAs [Legal Expert] Legal implications of awarding construction and/or maintenance contracts to pani panchayats - 121 -
Annex 6 Attachment I I Page 4 of 9 APPRECIATION WORKSHOPS (Middle Level)
A two-day workshop for EEs and SDOs of the systems to be taken up for Phase I FOT activities.
1) Critical review of irrigation system management in the [SE/EE] concemed systems 2) Need and Concept of WRCP [WALMI faculty] 3) Role of WALMI, NGOs 4) Case Study and Discussion [WALMI faculty, based on rapid reconnaissance of concemed systems]
1) Roles and responsibilities of farmers and DOWR - Executive Engineers - SDOs - Junior Engineers - Water User Associations - Apex Organizations
2) Process of Tumover a) Identification and recruitment of staff: b) Training Needs/Activities c) Implementation Plan - Assessment - Participatory Design - Organizing and Registration - MOU - Joint inspection/decision on distributary works to be undertaken; - Joint management and hydrological testing; - Turnover to Farmers
3) Discussion of MOU - Process of reaching agreement - Terms and conditions - Construction and maintenance contracts - 122 -
Annex 6 Attachment II Page 5 of 9 FARMER ORGANIZATION GUIDELINES
A practical handbook for JEs and other members of the organizing team (khalasis, patrols, and SOs). In addition to providing guidance during implementation of organizing activities, the guidelines will also provide a common framework for the various training activities. They will be in Oriya language. An initial draft will be completed in time for the Assessment Workshop.
Draft Table of Contents
1. Introduction to WRCP
2. Importance of Farmer Organization/Turnover
3. Functions/Roles of Team Members a) Junior Engineer b) Khalasis c) Patrol d) Social Organizers
4. Process of Organizing a) Analyzing the social and physical environment b) Building rapport - Communicating with farmers - Reaching consensus on plans for the WUA c) Participatory design process - Walk-through survey - Priofitization of improvement works d) Training farmer leaders e) Procedures for registering WUAs f) Preparing MOU
5. Role of the JE during Construction Phase a) Work with WUAs to monitor/implement construction in distributories/minors b) Evaluation of system performance
6. Joint Management Arrangements a) Formulating an operational plan for O&M b) Arranging training for farmer leaders - Operational plans - Monitoring water flows/deliveries
7. Turnover - 123 -
Annex 6 Attachment11 Page6 of 9 PRA TRAININGWORKSHOP
A two-day workshop for WALMIfaculty to gain exposure to principlesand field methods of participatoryrural appraisal,and to devisean approachthat can be appliedto participatory planningof distributaryimprovements. The workshopwill be held at a field location.Resource persons willbe invitedfrom Gram Vikas, MYRADA,or similarorganizations to providethe training.
Day I Field visit to the selected distributoryand walk-throughof major sections
Classroomdiscussion: - Concepts of PRA - Cases of PRA application - Application to distributary context
Field applicationof PRA in selecteddistributary Evening:de-briefing about experience
ASSESSMENTWORKSHOP (J=Es)
The initialtraining workshop for the SDOs,JEs, and socialorganizers who will be implementingthe FOT component.
Day-I Introductionto WRCP Need for Farmer Organization/Tumover - Concepts - Role play How to talk with farmers
D&y2 Case studies of farmer organization/tumover(state, national,international) Process of Turnover under WRCP - 124 -
Annex 6 Attachment 11 Page 7 of 9
Data Collection: - Map of command area - Details of supply channels/tanks - Water allocation for past five years - Irrigation intensity/area for past five years - Current operational plans - Physical and organizational status of distributories, - Outlets (checklist) - Status of existing irrigation organizations - Land ownership/holdings - Leadership (formal/informal) - Transport facilities - Accommodation - Local support services (credit, extension, other)
Prepare an action plan (practical exercise) Assign responsibilities to khalasis, patrols
PARTICIPATORY DESIGN FIELDWORK
A two-day field PRA for all SDOs, JEs, and social organizers working in the Phase-I project areas. The training will be led by one WALMI faculty and one resource person from an experienced NGO.
Day!
Initial meeting with farmers: - Discussion of WRCP planning process - Graphic representation of distributary - Discussion of key problems/priorities - Arrange for walk-through
Field visit and walk-through De-briefing with JEs/SDOs about method. - 125 -
Annex 6 Attachment I1 Page 8 of 9 ORGANIZING WORKSHOP (JEs)
A nine-day training workshop for Junior Engineers to impart the basic skills needed for helping farmers organize distributory/minor-level WUAs to assume O&M responsibilities. Outside resource persons will be brought in to supplement WALMI faculty, particularly on days 2, 3, 6.
Da1
Irrigation system O&M: Problems of current practices Basic elements of WRCP Specific elements of WRCP turnover process leading to distributary/minor-level WUAs and apex organizations
Day 2
Analyzing the social environment Presentation by JEs from each system with discussion about the social environment in each scheme Case study presentation of farmer organization experience (outside resource person/NGO)
Day3
Principles of community organization/organizational development including role of women Case study presentation of farmer organization experience (outside resource person/NGO)
Day 4
Effective communication (presentations and exercises)
Dav 5
Building rapport with farmers Discussion of strategies Case study presentation of farmer organization experience (outside resource personlNGO)
Day6
Strategies of achieving consensus Pre-requisites for the formation of WUAs Case study presentation of farmer organization experience (outside resource person/NGO) - 126 -
Annex 6 Attachment 11 Page 9 of 9 Day 7
Discussion of MOU (including arrangements for WUA contracts) Procedures for registering a society Case study presentation of farmer organization experience (outside resource personlNGO)
Day 8
Introduction to work plan: roles and responsibilities of each member of the FOT team Preparations of work plans
Presentation and discussion of work plans
PREPARATION OF HANDBOOK FOR WUAs
Provisional Table of Contents
Introduction to WRCP
Main features of the FOT process
Role of the WUA
Procedures of Registration
Preparation of MOU
Rules of Business - Conducting meetings - Recording of minutes
Accounts for property and finances - 127 - Ann 6 Attachment12 Page 1 of 2
OUTLINE FOR A SEASONAL/ANNUAL REPORT
Introduction - Outline of the Operational Plan - Major events during the year/season - Summary of outcome
2. Organizational and Institutional Aspects
3. Water Availability - Rainfall and climate - Water receipts - Comparison with past conditions - Groundwater and other sources
4. Reservoir Operations - Planned operations - Actual out-turn - Reasons for deviations - Comparison with earlier years
5. Water Distribution - Planned water schedule - Actual outturn - Reasons for deviations - Major variations between different subcommands - Comparison with earlier years - Sowing dates in relation to historical rainfall/canal opening date - Extent of sowing in relation to discharge let in main canal/distributary
6. Cropping Pattern - The Agricultural Plan - Actual out-turn: crop calendars, cropped areas - Reasons for deviations - Comparison with earlier years
7. Water Use - Evaluation of water use per ha. by crop, subcommand, period - Evaluation of response to rainfall - Evaluation of system losses and drainage - Comparison with earlier years - 128 - Annex6 Attachment12 Page 2 of 2 8. Agricultural Yields and Production - Crop yields and production, by crop and subcommand - Relationships between fields and water use - Comparison with earlier years
9. Farmer Attitudes - Farmer views on adequacy of water supply - Farmer knowledge of, and views on, the Operational Plan
10. Conclusions - Implications for the following years/season - Other implications - Validity of caveats - Value of water (financial price basis) - 129 -
Annex 6 Attachment 13 Page 1 of I
TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR MONITORING BY REMOTE SENSING
1. To provide distributary level statistics on paddy, non-paddy, and total irrigated area for one rabi season prior to WRCP and during the first two rabi seasons of WRCP implementation.
2. To assess the trends in total irrigated area and area under major crop groups prior to and during WRCP rabi seasons.
3. To assess the trends in condition of major crops prior to and during WRCP rabi seasons.
4. To provide crop cutting experiments design for the major crop, based on satellite acreage and crop condition, after the flowering/heading stage of the crop for the first two rabi seasons of WRCP implementation.
5. To conduct crop cutting experiments by the project authorities as per NRSA design.
6. To conduct confirmatory crop cutting experiments in selected sites for the first two rabi seasons of WRCP implementation.
7. To develop yield prediction model for major crop, based on CCE results and satellite data.
8. To assess the trends in yield and production of major crops prior to and during WRCP rabi seasons using yield prediction model developed.
9. To identify problem distributaries, whose performance is below par. Performance indicator would be total irrigated area, major crop area, yield and production per unit of water and equitable improvement in tail reach of long distributaries.
10. To provide training in remote sensing applications to DOWR officers at NRSA.
11. To conduct end-of-season workshop for the project engineers at Bhubaneswar. - 130 -
Annex 7 Page 1 of 17
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Scheme ComDletionsComponent
A. GENERAL
Introduction
1. Following a review" in 1992 and 1993 of the expenditure programme of the Orissa Irrigation Department, as the Department of Water Resources (DOWR) was then known, IDA selected from DOWR's portfolio five medium irrigation projects' and parts of four major projects3", which were then under construction for finance under the WRCP. Criteria for selection included that: (a) construction was in progress, (b) adequate investigations had been made to demonstrate the technical and economic viability, and (c) the estimated ERR for completion was greater than 12%.
2. A mission from FAO/CP visited Orissa in September and October 1992 and, on the basis of reports prepared by DOWR and visits to site, prepared formulation reports for two medium irrigation projects (Working Paper 1 - Harabhangi and Working Paper 2 - Badanallae) to act as examples for DOWR to prepare similar reports for other schemes. The mission also prepared summarized descriptions of the other ongoing irrigation projects in Orissa (Working Paper 3). Working Paper 4 provided material for a review of OID investment programme, and divided projects into five categories:
(a) Extemally funded (Upper Indravati and Upper Kolab irrigation);
(b) Large individual projects (e.g. Rengali);
(c) Projects more than 90% complete (five majors, including Rengali and Upper Kolab dams, and 9 medium projects);
(d) Ongoing medium projects (six projects); and
(e) Proposed new projects in DOWR's future portfolio which included 11 major and 12 medium projects. The only new project on which construction had begun was Mahanadi-Chitrotpala Island but the need for replacement of Naraj weir was also recognized.
See FAO/CP Reports 164/92 CP-IND 95 WP4 dated I December 1992 and 76/93 CP-IND 98 WPs dated 14 May 1993. 2v Medium irrigation projects are defined as having command areas between 2,000 ha and 10,000 ha. 3 Major irrigation projects are defined as having command areas greater than 10,000 ha. Q Report No. 164/92 CP-IND 95 WPs dated I December 1992. - 131 -
Annex 7 Page 2 of 17
3. A mission from FAO/CP, which visited Orissa in April 1993, further reviewed the expenditure programme and prepared an identification report on Naraj barrage5'. Following a World Bank mission in October and November 1993, the completions component of WRCP was provisionally determined to comprise parts of Rengali, Upper Indravati and Upper Kolab major irrigation projects6', construction of Naraj barrage and completion of five medium projects (Badanalla, Harabhangi, Hariharjore, Upper Jonk and Baghua Stage II)". This mission also reviewed resettlement and rehabilitation of project-affected people (see Annex 10), operation and maintenance of completed schemes, and improvement of existing schemes and turnover of schemes to farmers (see Annex 6). An environmental assessment of Orissa WRCP was prepared by Department of Irrigation and Snowy Mountain Engineering Corporation6 '. The OWRCP's Environmental Assessment was further updated by DOWR in consultation with the World Bank in February/March 1995. Resettlement and Rehabilitation has been handled by separate specialist consultants and DOWR's new R&R Directorate in consultation with the Bank (Annex 10). Each eventually chosen sub-project under the Scheme Completions component has had a detailed Socio-economic Survey and Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) prepared, as well as an Indigenous Peoples Development Plan (IPDP).
4. Preparation of the scheme completion component was further advanced and the Mahanadi-Chitrotpala Island subproject was reviewed by missions in March 19949' and June and July 1994 "' and visits from World Bank consultants and staff in August to October 1994. A mission to appraise the scheme completion component, which visited Orissa from 22 November to 7 December"', reviewed project reports prepared by DOWR and agreed to the request of DOWR for the omission of the Upper Kolab subproject from WRCP. At Appraisal, Upper Indravati was excluded as the investment proposal was not ready for Appraisal.
The Scheme Completion Component
5. The component would include a prioritized and selected group of uncompleted major and medium irrigation projects in Orissa. The component, which is summarized in Table 1, would comprise eight subprojects, shown on Figure 1 and described in Sections B to H of this Annex and summarized below:
(a) Construction of part of Rengali irrigation project, including completion of Samal barrage, completion of the first 30 km of the left bank main canal and construction of irrigation and drainage works for 8,483 ha.
Report No. 76/93CP-IND 98 WPs dated 14 May 1993. 6' Report No. 3/94 CP-IND 104 WPs dated 10 January 1994. Seepara 10of Aide-memoireof OrissaWRCP World Bank mission, October 28-November 5 1993. " OrissaWRCP Environmental Assessment, October 1993, OID & SMEC,updated March 1995. 9/ See Back-to-OfficeReport dated 18 April 1994from Mr. T. Herman. IO/ See Back-to-OfficeReport dated 4 August 1994 from Mr. T. Herman. I'I See Aide-memoiredated 7 December1994. - 132 - Annex 7 Page 3 of 17
(b) Completion of Mahanadi-Chitrotpala irrigation and drainage scheme in the Mahanadi delta including remodelling of Kendrapara canal, excavation and lining of a link canal, balance works for Chitrotpala syphon and completion of the distribution and drainage network on an command area of 15,342.
(c) Construction of Naraj barrage to replace the dilapidated existing weir in the Mahanadi delta.
(d) Completion of five medium irrigation projects:
Badanalla 8,650 ha Harabhangi 9,150 ha Hariharjore 9,450 ha Upper Jonk 9,425 ha Baghua Stage II 6,240 ha (including 3,000 ha in Stage I).
(e) Technical assistance and training as needed (Annex 13) and establishment of organizations for operating and maintaining the completed subprojects.
Resettlement and rehabilitation of project-affected people, also funded under the OWRCP, are described in Annex 10.
6. The salient features of the component are summarized in Table 1, past and estimated future expenditures in Table 2 and the main engineering features are summarized in Table 3. The total area to be newly irrigated would be about 52,000 ha and incremental annual production would include about 77,000 tons of paddy, 25,000 tons of oilseeds, 25,000 tons of groundnuts, 77,000 tons of vegetables and about 57,000 tons of sugarcane. Base cost would be about Rs. 4,643 million (US$144 million) and total cost Rs. 6,958.4 million (US$189 million - see Annex 18). The ERR of the component has been estimated to be 22% (see Annex 19).
Design Principles
7. Hydrology and Crop Water Requirements. Water availability has been based on 75% reliability calculated from simulations of reservoir operation based on measured or calculated flows for periods of at least 20 years. Crop water requirements have been based on potential evapotranspiration calculated for each month using the Penman-Monteith method. Assumed cropping patterns and cropping calendars have been approved by the Orissa Department of Agriculture. Crop water requirements were calculated for each period of ten days, taking account of effective rainfall. Irrigation efficiencies were assumed to be 64% for wet paddy and 42% for other crops.
8. Earth Dams. The Badanalla, Harabhangi, Hariharjore, Upper Jonk and Baghua irrigation subprojects include earthen dams with gated ogee spillways. The earth dam - 133 -
Annex 7 Page 4 of 17 sections are of homogeneous rolled earthfill of low permeability material and with a vertical chimney drain and horizontal drainage blanket connected to the rock toe and draining into a toe drain. These sections were approved by the Directorate of Designs of DOWR on the basis of test results of samples from the borrow areas and after checking the suitability of the shear parameters from the embankment and foundation material. Control of seepage through foundations is achieved by a cut-off trench which has either been tied to the rock or taken to impervious strata. However, where it was not possible to provide a positive cut-off, extensive grouting has been done and an impervious clay blanket provided on the upstream side to minimize the possibility of seepage. The chimney drains will intercept seepage through the dam body to keep the downstream slope free from seepage forces. The factors of safety of slopes are adequate both under the static as well as seismic conditions. Relief wells are provided on the downstream toes of the dams with piezometers between the relief wells.
9. Spillways have an ogee cross-section with crest radial gates for impoundment as well as releases and roller buckets for energy dissipation. The main body of spillways consists of stone masonry with 1.5 m thick concrete facing on both sides anchored to the masonry with dowels. Geotechnical investigations were made by geologists of the Geological Survey of India who also helped in evaluating foundation treatment measures including the pattern of consolidation and curtain grouting. A drainage grouting gallery has been provided in the spillway body at Baghua, Upper Jonk and Hariharjore to provide internal drainage of the structure and the foundation, and to check the development of uplift pressures. The omission of this provision in the Hariharjore and Badanalla spillway designs is not a good feature but nothing can be done now since the spillways are nearing completion; however, deep inclined drainage holes will be drilled from the downstream face of the glacis at 3.0 m spacing in addition to other measures for providing effective drainage.
10. Dam Safety Review Panel. The Government of Orissa (GOO) has constituted a Dam Safety Review Panel (DSRP) with the objectives of examining and reviewing the adequacy of investigations, designs and construction of dams and related structures, and to propose modifications needed to ensure safety and integrity. DSRP is functioning well and had visited Harabhangi, Badanalla, Baghua and Upper Jonk dams at time of Appraisal, and subsequently visited and reported on the other project sites. It has examined quality control records and has found the overall designs and factors of safety to be adequate. With these technical inputs and GOO's commitment to construction quality, the safety and integrity of headworks should be ensured.
11. Main Canal and Structures. The main and branch canals are mostly unlined except in short reaches upstream and downstream of structures. The relevant Indian Standards have been adopted for the design of unlined canals. A ratio of 4 to 5 has been kept for bed width to depth as far as practicable. Protection and slope stability measures are being provided on canal slopes (through stone masonry in suitable panels and catchwater drains), in reaches with erodible and kaolinized soils, which are vulnerable to sloughing and slippages. Designs of structures, including cross-drainage and regulating structures, conform to acceptable design standards. Major structures have been designed for ease and efficiency of operation and maintenance by isolating barrels in the multi-barrel aqueducts and providing of - 134 -
Annex 7 Page 5 of 17 grooves for stoplogs in addition to service gates in head regulators, cross regulators and escapes.
12. Distributary and Minor Canals. DOWR has agreed to adopt continuous or rotational water delivery below the level of a distributary or minor canal through ungated proportional dividing structures. The conveyance system will be divided into two portions, regulated and structured, at the level where the canal has a design capacity of about 2 m3/s (or commands about 2,000 ha). The main and branch canals (above about 2 m 3 /s) will constitute the regulated portion; distributaries, minors and watercourses (below 2 m3/s) will be the structured portion. The main and branch canals will operate continuously throughout the cropping season with full or less than full discharge but the distributary and minors will either operate full or be dry depending on the crop water requirement, rainfall pattern and water availability.
13. The head regulator of a distributary will be a gated structure to pass the design discharge at full supply level (FSL) in the main/branch canal. Adequate control or regulating structures (duckbill weirs or cross regulators) will be provided in the main/branch canal to maintain design FSL. Important regulation points will be manned and connected by radio communication/telephone system.
14. Below the head regulator of a distributary, there will be no gated structure. A proportional distributor will be constructed at the head of each off-taking minor or subminor and a semi-modular outlet (open flume or semi-modular orifice) at the head of each watercourse. Provision of stoplog grooves will be made in the side masonry walls. The flow in distributary and minor canals will be automatically subdivided into chak outlets simultaneously without any manual gate operations. A standing wave flume will be provided in the head reach of every distributary to measure flow. A distributary/minor will end into two or more outlets in the form of a tail cluster. A gauge will be fixed at the tail for monitoring flow. The water level at the tail gauge being at the design level is an indication that the distributary is operating satisfactorily throughout its entire length. No direct outlet will be allowed from a main/branch canal, as a matter of design principle. Such areas will be clubbed with the upstream minor or a parallel minor will be constructed to irrigate this area.
15. Chak and Watercourses. Within the chak, the entire flow of the watercourse will be rotated between subchaks (each about 5 ha) and individual farm holdings by framing a weekly time roster allocating a fixed time and duration to each subchak in proportion to its area. Each farmer will be free to plant crops of his choice and make conjunctive use of groundwater resources, if any.
16. A well-defined operational plan or delivery schedule will be prepared well in advance before the start of the irrigation season (kharif or rabi) in consultation with the Agriculture Department and water users' associations (Apex Committees and Farmer Councils). The available supplies will be released into the conveyance system to meet crop water requirements of the predominant crops in all the critical stages of the plant growth from pre-sowing to maturity. - 135 -
Annex 7 Page 6 of 17
Status of Design
17. Survey and design for headworks (dams, spillways, dykes) is generally substantially complete but some minor design changes have been agreed to take account of recent recommendations of the DSRP. Design of earthworks for main, branch and distributary canals are generally substantially complete. Designs of major structures for main and branch canals are generally substantially complete except that, for some repetitive structures, existing designs will need to be slightly adapted to suit the different location-specific conditions. Sufficient designs for structures on distributaries and for all aspects of minors and subminors have been completed to assess the likely cost of completing the works. Work on survey and design of watercourses has only recently started.
Estimated Costs
18. Costs, which are shown in detail in Annex 18, have been estimated in accordance with the DOWR 1994/95 schedule of rates, with updating as appropriate based on analysis of tenders received in 1994/95 compared with the 1994 schedule.
19. Physical contingencies have been assumed to be 15% for civil works and 10% for equipment and vehicles. No physical contingencies have been allowed for land acquisition, technical assistance, training, engineering and administration.
Procurement
20. ICB. Naraj barrage would be divided into two International Competitive Bidding (ICB) contracts: one for civil engineering works and one for gates, hoists and related electro- mechanical equipment. It is not expected that there would be any other contracts under the Scheme Completions component large enough to warrant ICB. The bid documents have been received and approved by the Bank.
21. NCB. Wherever practicable, other than at Naraj barrage, construction contracts would be awarded following National Competitive Bidding (NCB). DOWR had prepared two typical bid documents for civil works at appraisal, using the World Bank Standard Bidding Document, one for contracts valued at less than Rs. 3 million and one for contracts valued at more than Rs. 3 million. On the basis of approved models, bid documents for other works have been prepared and reviewed as appropriate. Contracts for design, fabrication and erection of spillway gates for Badanalla, Harabhangi, Hariharjore and Upper Jonk have already been awarded. Detailed procurement schedules prepared by DOWR for each subproject are shown in the Project Reports for each subproject.
B. RENGALI IRRIGATION SUBPROJECT
22. Rengali dam on the Brahmani river is 71 m high with a catchment area of 25,250 2 3 km and forms a reservoir with a live storage of 3,414 million m , some 23% of the mean annual flow. Rengali dam was initially considered primarily as the means to provide flood - 136 -
Annex 7 Page 7 of 17 relief for 2,600 km2 in the Brahmani delta but later provisions for power generation and irrigation were included. The fifth and last 50 MW generating set was commissioned in 1992. A barrage has been constructed at Samal, 34 km downstream of the dam, to divert water released from the powerhouse at Rengali darn, together with water from the intermediate catchment of 4,780 kM2, to two main canals, construction of which has begun.
23. The proposed subproject would involve the development of the first 8,483 ha, out of the proposed 399,800 ha of irrigation. The predominant crops now grown in the subproject area are paddy (about 73%) and pulses (24%) but average crop yields are quite low at about 2.25 t/ha and 0.5 t/ha respectively. Lack of irrigation water constrains agricultural production.
24. Approval was given by GOO for development of 114,300 ha from a left bank canal (LBC) on 24 July 1979 and for 121,200 ha from a right bank canal on 5 August 1981, together known as the Phase I area. Approval for a possible Phase II area (164,300 ha) at the downstream end of the left bank canal has not yet been given.
25. Rengali dam was completed in 1985 and the downstream barrage at Samal is now nearing completion. The dam (of composite masonry and concrete) is not included in WRCP. The internal drainage system of the dam is becoming choked. Also, almost all instruments provided in the dam body to monitor its structural behaviour are out of order. GOO has been apprised of this and an action plan is to be initiated by the Government, including commissioning of a specialized consultancy to rectify these problems and restore the dam to good health in order to ensure long-term reliability and sustainability of both irrigation and power. Funding is to be provided under the Dam Safety Project. Samal barrage, which is 560 m long, has 17 spillway bays with radial gates, each 20 m wide by 9.2 m high. In addition, there are four similar undersluice bays on the left and three on the right. The surface area of the pond formed by the barrage is about 2,888 ha. The average yield of water from Samal barrage has been estimated to be 11,760 Mm3/yr; the 75% and 90% dependable yields have been estimated to be 7,856 and 6,612 Mm3/yr respectively. About 3.7 million m3 of excavation, 2 regulators, 11 cross-drainage structures and 4 road bridges have been constructed on the first 30 km of the left bank canal. Substantial excavation has also been done for the first 12 km of right bank canal. Despite the major past investments in Rengali Dam and Samal barrage, no irrigation water has yet been supplied from these works.
26. Following a review by FAO/CP in November 1993 (see Working Paper 1, Report No. 3/94 CP-IND 104 WPs dated 10 January 1994), it has been agreed by DOWR and IDA that WRCP would include the completion of construction of Samal barrage and related works and of the reach from km 0 to km 30 of the left bank main canal together with Parjang distributary, minors, subminors, watercourses and other works necessary to provide reliable gravity irrigation to a cultivable command area of 8,483 ha.
27. Construction of the subproject works started in 1978 and a total of Rs. 1,825 million has been spent up to 30 September 1994. Expenditures in the last three years were Rs. 133, 131 and 78 million respectively. The peak expenditure was Rs. 133 million in 1992/93. The main works required for the subproject include afflux and guide bunds and other works for Samal barrage, about 3 km of the main canal (awaiting permission from the Department of - 137 -
Annex 7 Page 8 of 17
Forestry and the Environment to occupy land), 14 km of branch canal, 28 km of distributary, 233 km of minor canals and about 300 km of watercourses. The structures needed are:
Main & Branch Canals Distributaries & Minors Number % complete Number % complete
Cross-drains 35 0 171 0 Regulators 22 0 Falls 75 302 0 Duckbill weirs 4 0 Bridges 28 0 332 0 Escape 2 0 1 0 Other 1,767 0
28. Survey, investigation and design for the barrage and main LBC from km 0 to km 30 have been completed. Private land needed for 0 to 73 km of LBC, 0 to 60 km of RBC and 0 to 20 km of Parjang distributary has been acquired. Some forest land through which the canal would pass has not yet been released by the Department of Forestry and the Environment. Survey and design for sample areas of the distribution system have been completed. Survey of India have completed topographical survey for the whole command area and maps with contours at 2 m vertical interval are available. More detailed maps with 0.5 m contour interval are available for 54,000 ha. DOWR proposes to award a contract to Indian consulting engineers for the survey, investigation and design of watercourses.
29. The estimated cost of the outstanding works after 30 September 1994 for construction of the subproject is Rs. 1,167 million based on the 1994 schedule of rates, including an allowance of 10% for physical contingencies for Samal barrage where work is well advanced and of 15% for physical contingencies on most other works. This cost corresponds to about Rs. 138,000/ha (US$4,400/ha). If the cost of Samal barrage and the left main canal are spread over the ultimate area to be irrigated, the cost of the WRCP reduces to Rs. 46,700/ha (US$1,500/ha). The subproject area is near a heavily industrialised area, Talcher, which provides a market for the high value crops that would be grown. There are six divisions on site. Completion is expected in 2001.
30. The increase in annual agricultural production, five years after the completion of the subproject (full development), has been estimated to include about 15,000 tons of potatoes, 21,000 tons of paddy rice, 6,500 tons of unshelled groundnuts, 19,000 tons of vegetables, 1,100 tons of pulses and 37,000 tons of sugarcane. The estimated benefits are based on assumptions that the cropping intensity would increase from the present 110% to 193% at full development, there would be a shift to higher value crops and crop yields would increase due to the availability of irrigation water and increased use of agricultural inputs. Based on an average farm size of 1.90 ha, net annual farm income from crops would increase from the current Rs. 10,300 to about Rs. 56,900 at full development. The value of aggregate incremental production is estimated to be Rs. 183 million per year at full development. The economic rate of return has been estimated at 21%. - 138 -
Annex 7 Page 9 of 17
C. MAHANADI-CHITROTPALA ISLAND SUBPROJECT
31. The subproject comprises the construction of irrigation works to take water from the existing Kendrapara canal to irrigate 15,342 ha on Mahanadi-Chitrotpala Island (MCI) and on Paika-Mahanadi Island. Kendrapara canal is supplied from Mahanadi Barrage. Both islands are protected by existing embankments on high land around their edges. The land slopes inwards towards drains, which discharge to the main river through existing sluices near the downstream ends of the islands. The downstream ends of Mahanadi-Chitrotpala Island and Paika-Mahanadi Island have in the past suffered from flooding but this now happens seldom due to construction of improved drainage and new sluices, which would be further improved under the project.
32. The predominant crops now grown in the subproject area are paddy (about 86% in kharif) and pulses (48% in rabi) but average crop yields are quite low at about 1.7 t/ha and 0.8 t/ha respectively. Lack of irrigation water constrains agricultural production.
33. Construction of the subproject works started in 1988/89 and a total of Rs. 290 million has been spent up to 31 December 1994. A length of about 10.4 km of the Kendrapara canal, between km 1.65 and km 12.08 would be remodelled to increase the capacity. A new link canal, 8.7 km long with a capacity of 27 m3/s, would be constructed between the Kendrapara canal and an inverted syphon at Harichandanpur, 834 m long, which is now under construction under the Chitrotpala river. Canals would be constructed along the inside of the existing embankments, often using the embankment as one side of the canal. All main, distributary, minor and subminor canals, field channels and on-farm development, service roads, improved drainage and additional drainage sluices, would be constructed. Provision of appropriate air relief valves and manholes has been made in the syphon for their smooth operation and maintenance. The remodelling protion of Kendrapara Canal for a length of 10.4 km and link canal for 8.6 km, are proposed to be lined with in-situ cement concrete. These two canals, being situated in close proximity of the Mahanadi river, have been provided with side slope of 2:1 from consideration of slope stability and 15 cm. sand layer underneath the lining for satisfying the filter criteria. Adequate pressure relief valves for effective release of pore pressure have also been provided.
34. Construction of Chitrotpala syphon, Paika syphon and excavation of main canals for 33 km are in progress. Construction of canal syphon-cum-bridge across the Chitrotpala and Paika rivers are, respectively, about 40% and 65% complete.
35. The estimated cost after 31 December 1994 of completing the construction of the subproject is Rs. 749 million in 1994 prices, including an allowance of about 15% for physical contingencies. This corresponds to Rs. 50,000/ha (US$1,600/ha). There are three civil and one mechanical division on site. Completion is expected by 2001.
36. The increase in annual agricultural production, five years after the completion of the subproject (full development), has been estimated to include about 29,000 tons of paddy rice, 14,606 tons of unshelled groundnuts, 184,080 tons of sugarcane, 11,505 tons of Irish potatoes - 139 -
Annex 7 Page 10 of 17 and 16,000 tons of vegetables. The estimated benefits are based on assumptions that the cropping intensity would increase from the present 178% to 196% at full development, that there would be a shift to higher value crops, and that crop yields would increase due to the availability of irrigation water and increased use of agricultural inputs. Based on an average farm size of 1.13 ha, net annual farm income from crops would increase from the current Rs 11,300 to about Rs. 30,700 at full development. The value of aggregate incremental production in economic prices is estimated to be Rs. 264 million at full development. The economic rate of return has been estimated at 21%.
D. NARAJ BARRAGE SUBPROJECT
37. The Mahanadi river, which is the largest river in Orissa, drains an area of 141,600 kM2, 93% of which is above the head of the Mahanadi delta at Naraj. At Naraj, the river bifurcates into the Mahanadi and the Kathjori rivers. The area of the delta below Naraj is about 9,000 kM2. In the 1860s, three weirs (Naraj, Mahanadi and Birupa) were constructed to control levels and flows in the rivers downstream of Naraj. Naraj weir was built across the Kathjori river between 1866 and 1874 in order to maintain adequate water level in the Mahanadi branch to supply water to two irrigation systems, the headworks of which are located about 8 km downstream of Naraj. At that point, the Mahanadi again bifurcates into the Mahanadi and Birupa rivers. The Mahanadi and Birupa weirs were built between 1866 and 1883 across these two branches and for more than 100 years diverted water into irrigation systems, with total cultivable command area of about 163,000 ha (known as the Stage I area) before deterioration of the weir structures became severe. In 1980, an IDA Credit (Cr. 1078- IN) for US$83 million was signed for the construction of two barrages just downstream of the old Mahanadi and Birupa weirs. The credit closed in March 1990, three years later than planned and was fully disbursed. The barrages have been completed to satisfactory engineering standards with only minor work on the Mahanadi gantry outstanding.
38. The Naraj weir, which is in Cuttack district, is now showing signs of distress; there is appreciable seepage through the foundation, some erosion of the downstream face and many irregularities in the weir profile. Serious damage caused by a heavy flood in 1982 was quickly repaired but it is feared that another severe flood could destroy the weir. GOO proposes to replace the weir with a barrage in order to: (a) prevent catastrophic failure of Naraj weir which would result in a loss of irrigation in an area of about 183,000 ha in Cuttack district and severe flooding in the area downstream of Naraj weir in Puri district, as well as adverse environmental impact to Chilika Lake due to additional silt deposition and negative impact on its brackish water content;'2 ' and (b) control flood flows in the Kathjori so that flood damage, which at present occurs almost every year, would be avoided in about 9 years out of 10.
12' As discussed in the Environmental Assessment (SMEC/DOWR)of March 1995 (refer EA Executive Summary at Annex 12) and further analyzed in the supplementary EA for Naraj barrage (Euroconsult/Delft Hydraulics/DOWR) conducted in June 1995. - 140 -
Annex 7 Page 11 of 17 39. Naraj Barrage would be located about 565 m downstream of the existing Naraj weir across the Kathjori river in the Mahanadi delta. The barrage would be 940 m long between abutments and would be designed for a flood of 29,500 m3/s (about 1 in 100 years frequency). It would be very similar to the existing Mahanadi barrage and would have 28 spillway bays and 18 bays for flushing. Each bay would be 18 m wide with a vertical lift steel gate. The barrage would include a 2 m wide fish pass and a 10.7 m wide road bridge, which would provide road connection between Cuttack and Bhubaneswar via National Highway 5. The barrage would require some 130,000 m3 of earthwork, 320,000 m3 of concrete and 43,000 m2 of steel sheet piling. The location, layout, and waterway have been finalized on the basis of detailed geotechnical studies of foundations revealed by subsoil exploratory data through 29 boreholes and the hydraulic model studies carried out by Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS), Pune. Central Water Commission (CWC) is the design consultant for the design of Naraj barrage and has issued specification drawings for almost all the civil work components. DSRP has also critically reviewed and approved the hydrology, layout, waterway and broad design aspects of the barrage. Bid documents for the main civil engineering ICB contract have been prepared by DOWR and reviewed and cleared by the Bank.
40. The cost of the proposed new barrage including physical contingencies has been estimated at Rs. 1,412 million in March 1994 prices and the ERR at 24%. Completion is expected in 2001. The subproject would not require the acquisition of land. Part of one division is engaged on the work.
41. The predominant crop now grown in the area that would benefit from the subproject is paddy (about 97% in kharif and 24% in rabi). About 20% of the area grows pulses in rabi. At present about 183,000 ha receives irrigation that would be affected by the failure of Naraj weir. The benefits from the subproject would be as described in para 33.
E. BADANALLA SUBPROJECT
42. A reservoir with a catchment area of 352 km2 now under construction on the Badanalla River in the Vansadhara basin would form a 930 ha reservoir to provide live storage of about 67 million m3 (some 45% of the mean annual flow of 150 million m3) to enable an average of about 112 million m3 of water per year to be diverted from the reservoir and used for irrigation of a cultivable command area (CCA) of 8,650 ha.
43. The predominant crops now grown in the subproject area are paddy (about 85%) and pulses (34% of the area) but average crop yields are quite low at about 1.5 t/ha and 0.5 t/ha respectively. At present, about 2,000 ha receives run-of-the-river irrigation in the kharif season from the subproject works but this is not reliable. Shortage of irrigation water constrains agricultural production.
44. Construction of the subproject works started in 1981 and a total of Rs 657 million has been spent up to 30 September 1994. Expenditures in the last three years were Rs75, 85 and 76 million respectively. The peak expenditure was Rs85 million in 1992/93. Progress - 141 -
Annex 7 Page 12 of 17 has been severely constrained by lack of funds. The main works required for the subproject include a 48 m high dam, 325 m long, three dykes with a combined length of 1,850 m and a spillway 110 m long with 8 radial gates, each 8 m high and 12 m wide designed to pass a peak flood flow of 3,934 m3/s. The dam is substantially complete but not yet storing water because the spillway is only about 30% complete. Other works include 73 km of main and branch canals (73% complete), 151 km of distributaries and minors (46%) and the following structures:
Main & branch canals Distributaries & minors Number % complete Number % complete
Cross-drains 175 0 174 0 Regulators 57 0 22 0 Drop structures 92 62% 647 37% Highway bridge 2 0 1 0 Village road bridge 67 0 112 0 Escape 7 0
45. Designs of the headworks as well as earthworks for main, branch, distributary and minor canals have been completed. Thirty-nine structures (out of 400) on the main and branch canals remained to be designed and 201 out of 956 structures on distributaries remained to be designed at appraisal, but the balance designs have since been largely completed. Survey for watercourses has begun.
46. A 600 kW hydroelectric power station is under construction at the head regulator of the main canal.
47. The estimated cost, after 30 September 1994, of completing the subproject under Orissa WRCP is Rs. 420 million in 1994 prices including physical contingencies. This corresponds to about Rs. 49,000 (US$1,500) per ha of CCA. There are two divisions on site. Completion is expected by 1998/99.
48. The increase in annual agricultural production, five years after the completion of the subproject (full development), has been estimated to include about 3,200 tons of oilseed, 140 tons of chilies, 14,000 tons of paddy rice, 3,600 tons of unshelled groundnuts, 10,000 tons of Irish potatoes, 12,000 tons of vegetables and 3,700 tons of sugarcane; this would be offset by a drop of about 1,400 tons in the production of pulses. The estimated benefits are based on assumptions that the cropping intensity would rise from the present 131% to 154% at full development, there would be a shift to higher value crops and crop yields would increase due to the availability of irrigation water and increased use of agricultural inputs. Based on an average farm size of 2.07 ha, net annual farm income from crops would increase from the current Rs 5,600 to about Rs41,400 at full development. The value of aggregate incremental production in economic prices is estimated to be Rs136 million per year at full development. The economic rate of return has been estimated at 23%. - 142 -
Annex 7 Page 13 of 17 F. HARABHANGI SUBPROJECT
49. A reservoir with a catchment area of 504 km2 now under construction on the Harabhangi River in the Vansadhara river basin would have a surface area at FSL of 1,215 ha and provide live storage of about 120 million m3 (some 43% of the mean annual flow of 273 million m3) to enable an average of about 187 million m3 of water per year to be diverted through a tunnel into the adjacent Padma/Rusikulya river basin for irrigation of 9,150 ha. The predominant crops now grown in the subproject area are paddy (about 59%), pulses (25%) and millet (33%), but average crop yields are quite low at about 2.1 t/ha, 0.2 and 0.5 t/ha respectively. Shortage of irrigation water constrains agricultural production.
50. Construction of the subproject works started in 1979 and the dam is now substantially complete but not yet impounding water because the spillway is only about 40% complete and excavation and lining of the tunnel is still in progress. A total of Rs570 million has been spent up to 30 September 1994. Expenditures in the last three years were Rs71, 62 and 36 million respectively. The peak expenditure was Rs71 million in 1991/92. The main works required for the subproject include a 49 m high dam, 690 m long and a spillway 117 m long with 8 radial gates, each 9 m high and 12 m wide designed to pass a peak flood flow of 4608 m3 /s. Other works include:
Main & branch canals Distributaries & minors Number % complete Number % complete
Canals 40 km 89 140 km 37 Structures 141 89 935 33 Outlets 841 1
About 300 km of watercourses will be required.
51. Water diverted through the tunnel would flow into the Padma River and be diverted by a weir at Gokulpur into an irrigation network. Construction of the Gokulpur weir was completed in 1991 and the irrigation network is about 60% complete. If water was available, irrigation could be provided to outlets from minors/subminors for about 2,000 ha: this would increase to about 3,000 ha on completion of ongoing contracts. However, outlet structures to watercourses and the watercourses themselves have not yet been built. About 6,590 ha of the area to be irrigated drains to Sorada reservoir. Return flows from this area would be reused in the Rusikulya system. There is potential for generating about 120 GWh per year of electricity if a series of seven small hydropower stations was constructed on the Padma River between the tunnel inlet and Gokulpur weir. The costs and benefits of this are not included in the subproject.
52. The estimated cost, after 30 September 1994, of completing the subproject is Rs450 million in 1994 prices including an allowance for physical contingencies. This corresponds to about Rs49,000 (US$1,600) per ha of CCA irrigated from Gokulpur weir. There are two divisions on site. Completion is expected by 1998 but this depends on accelerating work on the tunnel. - 143 -
Annex 7 Page 14 of 17
53. The increase in annual agricultural production, five years after the completion of the subproject (full development), has been estimated to include about 16,000 tons of paddy rice, 5,500 tons of unshelled groundnuts, 7,600 tons of Irish potatoes, 27,000 tons of vegetables, 500 tons of pulses and 19,800 tons of sugarcane; this would be offset by a drop of about 1,100 tons in the production of millet. The estimated benefits are based on assumptions that the cropping intensity would increase from the present 122% to 193% at full development, there would be a shift to higher value crops and crop yields would increase due to the availability of irrigation water and increased use of agricultural inputs. Based on an average farm size of 1.70 ha, net annual farm income from crops would increase from the current Rs5,950 to about Rs37,000 at full development. The value of aggregate incremental production has been estimated in economic prices at Rs148 million per year at full development. Based on the benefits obtained from the 9,150 ha directly irrigated from Gokulpur weir and the benefits from return flows into Sorada reservoir in rabi, but ignoring costs incurred up to September 1994, the ERR of the subproject is estimated to be 21%.
G. HARIHARJORE SUBPROJECT
54. A reservoir with a catchment area of 425 km2 under construction on the Hariharjore river in the Mahanadi river basin would provide live storage of 59 Mm3, 40% of the mean annual flow in the river of 145 Mm3, for irrigation of a cultivable command area of 9,450 ha. Planning Commission approval was obtained in 1978 and construction started in 1978/79. A total of Rs434 million has been spent up to 30 September 1994. Expenditures in the last three years were Rsl6, 30 and 28 million respectively. The peak expenditure was Rs3O million in 1992/93. The predominant crop now grown in the subproject area is paddy (about 86%), but average crop yield is quite low at about 1.4 t/ha. The 75% reliable flow at the dam site has been estimated to be 137 Mm3/yr, which should be adequate to supply the estimated crop water requirement for the subproject area of 95 Mm3/yr. At present about 1,000 ha receives irrigation but this is not reliable. Shortage of irrigation water constrains agricultural production.
55. The main works required for the subproject include a 18.5 m high dam, 2,424 m long including a spillway 128 m wide with 9 radial gates, each 6 m high and 12 m wide designed to pass a peak flood flow of 2,855 m3/s. Earthworks for main, branch and distributary canals are substantially complete and for minors approximately 46% of the 81 km are complete. Other works include: - 144 -
Annex 7 Page 15 of 17 Main & distrib. canals Minors & subminors Number % complete Number % complete
Cross-drains 66 98 88 0 Regulators 39 90 41 0 Drop structures 17 97 427 0 Bridges 27 100 86 38 Escape 5 93 0 Outlets 48 100 698 0
The headworks are about 85% complete and the distribution system about 69%.
56. The estimated cost, after 30 September 1994, of completing the subproject is Rs235 million in 1994 prices, including an allowance for physical contingencies. This corresponds to about Rs25,000 (US$790) per ha. There are two divisions on site. Completion is expected in 1999.
57. The increase in annual agricultural production, five years after the completion of the subproject (full development), has been estimated to include about 1,100 tons of mnillet/maize, 700 tons of mustard, 6,000 tons of paddy rice, 3,500 tons of unshelled groundnuts, 3,500 tons of Irish potatoes, 5,600 tons of vegetables and 2,200 tons of pulses. The estimated benefits are based on assumptions that the cropping intensity would increase from the present 95% to 145% at full development, there would be a shift to higher value crops and crop yields would increase due to the availability of irrigation water and increased use of agricultural inputs. Based on an average farm size of 1.74 ha, net annual farm income from crops would increase from the current Rs2,800 to about RsI9,900 at full development. The value of aggregate incremental production in economic prices has been estimated to be Rs87 million per year at full development. The economic rate of return has been estimated at 27%.
H. UPPER JONK SUBPROJECT
58. A reservoir with a surface area of 1,085 ha at FSL and a catchment area of 342 km2 now under construction on the Jonk river in the Mahanadi river basin would provide live 3 3 storage of about 64.5 million m (about 53% of the mean annual flow of 120.6 million rn) to irrigate 9,425 ha, including 810 ha in Madhya Pradesh.
59. Construction of the headworks began in 1980 and about 95% of the earth dam, 10% of the spillway and about 60% of the distribution system have been completed. A total of Rs509 million has been spent up to 30 September 1994. Expenditures in the last three years were Rs86, 75 and 89 million respectively. The peak expenditure was Rs89 rmillion in 1993/94. The predominant crops now grown in the subproject area are paddy (about 48%), groundnuts (22%) and pulses (15%) but average crop yields are quite low at about 1 t/ha, 0.85 and 0.6 t/ha respectively. At present, about 4,000 ha receives run-of-the-river irrigation in kharif but this is not reliable. Shortage of irrigation water constrains agricultural production. The main works required for the subproject include a 25 m high earth dam, 647 - 145 -
Annex 7 Page 16 of 17 m long, which is now substantially complete, and a spillway 102 m wide now under construction with 7 radial gates, each 8.5 m high and 12 m wide designed to pass a peak flood flow of 3,555 m3/s. Other works include about 44 km of main canals and about 147 km of minor canals and the following structures:
Main & branch canals Distributaries & minors Number % complete Number % complete
Cross-drains 89 100 170 57 Regulators 69 48 80 40 Drop structures 1 100 571 66 Aqueducts 1 100 Road bridge 37 97 144 51 Escape 5 40 Open flume 39 - 605 0 Other 3 3 1 0
Progress has been seriously restrained by lack of funds.
60. The estimated cost, after 30 September 1994, of completing the subproject is about Rs493 million in 1994 prices, including an allowance for physical contingencies. This corresponds to Rs49,600 per ha (US$1,600/ha). There are two divisions on site. Completion is expected by 1999.
61. The increase in annual agricultural production, five years after the completion of the subproject (full development), has been estimated to include about 100 tons of mustard, 16,000 tons of paddy rice, 1,200 tons of unshelled groundnuts, 80 tons of wheat, 13,600 tons of vegetables and 300 tons of pulses. The estimated benefits are based on assumptions that the cropping intensity would increase from the present 97% to 138% at full development, there would be a shift to higher value crops and crop yields would increase due to the availability of irrigation water and increased use of agricultural inputs. Based on an average farm size of 1.26 ha, net annual farm income from crops would increase from the current Rs4,000 to about RsI4,800 at full development. The value of aggregate incremental production in economic prices has been estimated to be Rs108 million per year at full development. The economic rate of return has been estimated at 19%.
I. BAGHUA STAGE II SUBPROJECT
62. Stage I of this scheme, which was completed in 1980, comprised the construction of a weir on the Baghua River in the Rusikulya river basin and the distribution system on the left bank for 3,000 ha. Under Stage II, it is proposed to construct a reservoir upstream of the weir and a new irrigation system for a proposed CCA of 5,000 ha on the right bank, which would also supply water to the existing weir and thence to the left bank area. However, the total area proposed for irrigation in kharif is only 6,400 ha, 3,000 ha of which is already - 146 -
Annex 7 Page 17 of 17
receiving irrigation from the weir and 2,400 ha in rabi. The incremental irrigated area would therefore be 3,240 ha in kharif and 2,400 ha in rabi. The predominant crops now grown in the subproject area are paddy (about 51%), maize (26%) and pulses (26%) but average crop yields are quite low at about 1.3 t/ha, 0.5 and 0.5 t/ha respectively. At present, about 3,000 ha receives run-of-the-river irrigation in kharif but this is not reliable. Shortage of irrigation water constrains agricultural production.
63. A reservoir under construction on the Baghua river has a catchment area of 171 km2. This includes a subcatchment of 21 km2 which has already been developed; this has been omitted in calculating water availability which is based on an assumed catchment areas of 150 km2 (2.3 times the total CCA of 6,400 ha). The live storage in the reservoir would be 31 Mm3, 49% of the mean annual flow of 63.7 Mm3. Planning Commission approval was obtained in 1978. Construction of the subproject works started in 1988/89 and a total of Rs192 million has been spent up to 30 September 1994. Expenditures in the last three years were Rs3O, 40 and 35 million respectively. The peak expenditure was Rs4O million in 1992/93. The headworks are about 10% complete and the distribution system about 31%.
64. The main works required for the subproject include earth dam about 18 m high and dykes with a total length of 1,460 m and a spillway 140 m long with 6 radial gates, each 6 m high and 12 m wide designed to pass a peak flood flow of 2,227 m3/s. Other works include:
Main & Branch Canals Distributaries & minors Quantity % complete Quantity % complete
Canals 4.95 km 68 38.5 km 12 Structures 15 no. 80 648 no. 4
About 135 km of watercourses will be required.
65. The estimated cost, after 30 September 1994, of completing the subproject is Rs343 million in 1994 prices, including an allowance for physical contingencies. This corresponds to Rs55,000 (US$1,700) per ha for the full area of 6,248 ha or RslO6,000/ha (US$3,400/ha) for the incremental area. There is one division on site. Completion is targeted for 1998.
66. The increase in annual agricultural production, five years after the completion of the subproject (full development), has been estimated to include about 2,900 tons of millet/maize, 3,500 tons of paddy rice, 4,200 tons of unshelled groundnuts and 400 tons of pulses; this would be offset by a drop of about 3,000 tons in the production of sugarcane. The estimated benefits are based on assumptions that the cropping intensity would increase from the present 128% to 142% at full development, there would be a shift to higher value crops and crop yields would increase due to the availability of irrigation water and increased use of agricultural inputs. Based on an average farm size of 1.15 ha, net annual farm income from crops would increase from the current Rs5,200 to about RsI4,200 at full development. The value of aggregate incremental production in economic prices has been estimated to be Rs56 million per year at full development. The economic rate of return has been estimated at 17%.
- I 47 - Annex 7 Attachment I Page Iof 4
India Orissa Water ResourcesConsolidation Project
Table I. Salient Features of Subprojectsfor Completion
Rengali Naraj Mahanadi- Badanalla Harab- Hari- Upper Baghua Total LMC&barrage BarTage Chitrotpala hangi harjore Jonk Comnmandarea(ha) 8,483 167,000 15,432 8,650 9,150 9,450 9,425 6,240 233,830 Balance Costs: Base (Rs M) 1,254 1,171 601 281 381 172 389 222 4,471 Base+phys.cont.(RsM) 1,407 1,321 671 311 413 196 443 250 5,012 Base + all cont. (Rs M) 2,039 1,914 922 384 535 237 545 304 6,880 Base+phys.cont.($M) 44 41 21 10 13 6 14 8 155 CosUiha.Rs/ha2/ 165,861 7,910 43,481 35,954 45,137 20,741 47,003 40,064 21,434 S/ha 2/ 5,135 245 1,346 1,113 1,397 642 1,455 1,240 664 ERR/% 21 24 21 23 21 27 19 17 22 Econ. incr. prod. (RsM/yr) 183 277 136 148 87 108 58 997
Percent cornplete (approx) 9 0 22 60 60 70 75 40 Time to completion(years) 6 6 6 4 3 4 4 4
CroppingintensityWOP % 110 140 178 131 122 95 97 128 137 WP% 193 140 198 154 193 145 138 142 149
Averagefarn size (ha) 1.90 1.72 1.13 2.07 1.70 1.74 1.26 1.15 1.35 Incrementalproduction: Paddyequivalent(t/yr) 39,538 53,102 24,291 30,740 15,315 20,815 10,521 194,322 Paddy equivalent(t/ha/yr) 4.7 3.4 2.8 3.4 1.6 2.2 1.7 0.8 Cost (USS/fyr) 2/ 1,102 391 396 416 396 659 736 799
Net fain crop income: WOP(Rs/yr) 10,305 11,297 5,594 5,950 2,827 3,955 5,168 WP(Rs/yr) 1/ 56,882 24,242 41,436 37,002 19,932 14,829 14,221
Beneficiaryhouseholds 7,536 97,000 21,566 9,115 13,538 5,431 10,867 7,686 172,739 Costperhousehold(Rs) 2/ 186,704 13,619 31,114 34,120 30,507 36,089 40,766 32,527 29,015
Plannedwater use (ha.m/yr) 11,332 31,331 11,248 18,743 9,481 11,360 4,958 98,453 (mr/yr) 1,336 2,030 1,300 2,048 1,003 1,205 795 1,473 Cost/ha.m(Rs/ha.m) 2/ 124,162 21,416 27,649 22,035 20,673 38,996 50,424 50,908
Note 1. Assumes water charges are double the existing rates. Note 2. Unless stated otherwise,costs are base costs + physical contingencies. Note 3. Costs in USS have been convertedfrom Rs at the rate of Rs31.5/US$. - 148 - Annex 7 Attachment I Page 2 of 4
Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project
Scheme Completions Component
Table 2. Actual and Future Estimated Expenditures per Scheme (Rs million)
Hara- Hari- Upper Baghua Subproject Rengali Naraj MCI Badanalla bhangi hariore Jonk Stage II Total Actual 1991/2 235 52 74 73 28 86 28 576 expenditure 1992/3 235 67 77 64 40 71 40 594 1993/4 173 6 82 82 40 34 89 40 546 1994/5 Ql 37 2 23 22 11 15 12 5 127 Q2 29 2 27 16 18 22 15 6 135 Q3 28 4 16 15 15 27 13 7 125 Estimated Q4 28 5 48 23 26 15 33 16 194 expenditure Total 122 13 114 76 70 79 73 34 581 1995/6 96 103 96 80 105 42 88 67 677 1996n 142 113 98 82 127 47 93 84 786 1997/8 189 166 111 31 124 37 84 46 788 1998/9 291 268 109 26 13 59 766 1999/2000 315 264 110 689 2000/01 158 242 50 450 2001/02 65 Annex 7 Attachment I Page 3 of 4
India Orissa Water ResourcesConsolidation Project Table 3. Main Engineering Features of Subprojectsfor Completion
Hara- Hari- Subproject Rengali Naraj MCI Badanalla bhangi harjore Upper Baghua Barrage Jonk Stage ll Headworks Samal Height m 22 20 Syphon 48 49 18.5 25 18 Length m 560 940 834 325 690 2424 647 740 Spillwaybays: number 17 28 ra 8 8 9 7 6 width m 20 18 na 12 12 12 12 12 height m 9.2 7 na 8 9 6 8.5 6 Catchment area km.2 30,030 132,080 na 352 504 425 342 171 Cultivable commandarea ha 8,483 19,542 8,650 9,150 9,450 9,425 6,240 CA/CCA 354.0 na 4.1 5.5 4.5 3.6 2.7 Live storage Mm3 20.1 0 na 67 120 59 64.5 31 Mean annual flow Mm3/yr na 150 273 145 120.6 63.7 Live storage/MAF na 0.45 0.44 0.41 0.53 0.49 Design flood m3/s 24,632 29,500 na 3,934 4,608 2,855 3,555 2,227 Area of reservoir ha 2888 na 930 1215 1845 1085 869
Distribution svstem LBC 0-30km Main & branch canals km 44 24 73 40 15 44 5 structures: no 91 212 400 141 154 244 15 Ditrib. & minors km 261 158+ 151 140 257 147 38 structures: no 2573 455 956 935 642 1571 648 na = not applicable I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I' - ;. - INDIA i . @ OrissaWiler ResourcesConsolidalion Projeci LOCATIONOF SUDPROJECTSFOR COMPLETION / BIHAR ~~~~~~~~~CALCUTTA0
. ;1 ' 11AD H Y A P AH D E S H EICWIA b~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~%l
1*Xg'sU) 0 Z 5. \ I, . *r
I .6 I AB~ s s t .-t Sj- t '*. ' MIMAI-NTDPL WI
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Maprtk1i m projcts o W Prop,osedWIOCw k"agan FeEs
in e4* at. i m ~E119W42 6-'~~~~~~~~~~~~lshel - 151 - Annex 8 Page 1 of4 INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Water Resources Research Fund
Introduction
The OWRCP's investments provide Orissa the opportunity to establish and build-up modernized institutional capability in key technical and managerial areas. To ensure full utilization of this opportunity and its perpetuation beyond the OWRCP period, the Government of Orissa (GOO) will want to instill in DOWR a culture of learning and innovation, and receptivity to technological advances outside DOWR in Orissa's non-governmental sector, or from elsewhere in India and overseas. The Water Resources Research Fund (WRRF) will provide GOO a mechanism for catalyzing change and seeking innovation in the water sector through: (i) funding on a grant basis carefully screened and approved research and technology transfer proposals from Orissan research or technology entities; (ii) active encouragement of collaboration between an Orissan and other Indian or international organization; and (iii) fostering linkages between DOWR and academic institutions in both the private and public sectors. The WRRF is deliberately formulated to be flexible in orientation to allow for adaptation as DOWR's knowledge and awareness of worldwide expertise and best practices grows, and as the needs and objectives of the Orissa's water sector evolve.
Water Resources Research Fund (WRRF)
The Water Resources Research Fund (WRRF) will fulfill an essential need under Orissa's program to modernize management, planning and development of its water and land resources. A specified amount of the total credit allocation for the WRCP will be earmarked to fund high quality applied research and technology transfer activities relevant to Orissa's present and future water sector. The WRRF objective will be to:
i) promote the culture of applied research among irrigation professionals in the field;
ii) identify and support applied and problem solving research, specifically addressed to land and water production and sustainability in the irrigation sector, especially at the river basin level;
iii) promote research on social issues, such as farmer's and women's and disadvantaged groups participation in field level activities and decision making for better management; and
iv) promote cooperation between DOWR and research institutions from Orissa, India, and overseas.
Organizational Framework.
The WRRF would be administered by a project officer in the office of the Engineer in Chief. The project officer would convene quarterly meetings, in consultation with the EIC and - 152 - Annex 8 Page 2 of 4 the Research Advisory Committee (RAC). He will prepare the invitation, circulate proposals and the agenda to the committee members.
The Research Advisory Committee (RAC) would be established to ensure the quality, and the applied nature of the research and to advise the Engineer in Chief on research projects. The RAC would not have administrative responsibilities but provide scientific and professional advice to DOWR on research matters. The RAC would review research proposals for their quality and relevance, assess the capability of each applicant to carry out the research, advise on modifications to the proposal as needed, review the proposed cost submitted by the applicant, monitor the research progress and suggest mid term corrections if necessary. Based on the number of received proposals, the RAC would recommend a priority list of proposals to the EIC (DOWR) who would make the final decision on selection, priority and funding. The RAC would also take a proactive role in identifying and promoting problem solving research and technology transfers in the water sector of the state.
The RAC would consist of not more than five experts with outstanding capabilities in the following areas of specialty:
i) water resource/hydraulic engineering,
ii) agricultural science,
iii) environmental science,
iv) economics and social science,
v) other areas of relevance.
The members of the RAC would present a mixture of those with practical experience and those with academic experience and at least one member with experience in the urban and industrial sector. Members should not include active govemment staff or be actively employed by any of the institutions eligible for funding. Members would be appointed by the EIC.
Methodology.
The RAC would have the following responsibilities:
i) organize workshops with participation from reputed universities, including agricultural universities, individual researchers, as well as water users, and identify problems relevant to Orissa's water use and to specific river basins;
ii) identify problem areas based on their experience and critical review of water and river basin issues;
iii) short-list research proposals and identify researchers and institutions for support;
iv) publicly advertise and invite research proposals from within the state as well as conjunctive research of state institutions with either Indian or overseas institutions; - 153 - Annex 8 Page 3 of 4 v) review the research and special study program of DOWR under the responsibility of WALMI; and
vi) submit its recommendations to the EIC, DOWR.
Research proposals emanating from the different streams suggested above would be considered by the RAC, and discussed in detail with the applicants. A two stage application process will be adopted. The first stage will provide the RAC the opportunity of screening relatively brief proposals, and giving feedback to promising applicants on content, scope or methodology of proposed research. The second stage will involve review of detailed research plans requested of applicants whose proposals passed the initial screening stage. The proposed research should normally be no longer than 2 years duration, with a possible extension to a third year. In exceptional cases the research could continue for a fourth and final year.
Each proposal should include a background and needs statement, and provide full justification of estimated costs, e.g. laboratory equipment, salary of research scholars, research assistants, enumerators, etc., recurring costs for chemicals, glassware, etc., costs of demonstrations and pilot plants, travel costs including national and international travels but excluding the purchase of vehicles, participation in seminars and workshops, and contingencies. Research plans would expand on the proposals to include: detailed literature search outlining available knowledge; research objectives and detailed methodology; identification of expected beneficiaries of research findings; staffing needs by specialty; CVs of key researchers to be involved in the work; evaluation procedures or arrangements for independent review by experts and/or beneficiaries of research findings; and detailed cost estimates and implementation schedule by research work item.
The WRRF suggests priority research topics in Orissa such as:
i) cross-sectoral (municipal, industrial, agricultural etc.) issues in water management and planning;
ii) hydrology, system design and engineering;
iii) water resource allocation, water markets and water prices;
iv) ground water regulation and pricing;
v) basin management and basin planning,
vi) farmer and local participation in water management and system turnover;
vii) water efficient irrigation systems; and
viii) environmental impacts of irrigation, drainage, urban and industrial use.
Research proposals submitted to the WRRF have to originate from research and related institutions located in Orissa. However, the WRRF actively encourages research proposals jointly prepared by research institutions from Orissa with other Indian or overseas institutions. Such - 154 - Annex 8 Page 4 of 4 conjunctive research facilitates the transfer of technologies and expertise from abroad to further improve the water sector. Financing. IDA funding of the WRRF under the WRCP would cover 100% of the grants awarded by the EIC and 100% of honoraria of the RAC and other reasonable RAC costs. Disbursement would be against expenditures on contracts or against certificates of expenditures under such contracts. To enable the progressive build-up of a permanent fund, GOO would provide matching grants to an interest earning account for the WRRF with contributions to the account made quarterly equivalent to one-third of IDA disbursements in the preceding quarter. - 155 - Annex 9 Page 1 of 6 INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROGRAM
Agricultural Intensification Program
Introduction
1. The Agricultural Intensification Program (AIP) would complement the irrigation irnprovements funded under the OWRCP with parallel efforts to improve farmer's agricultural practices. With reliable and timely water delivery, agriculture can be significantly intensified. The capability of the extension service to transmit innovatory advice to farmers would, however, need upgrading. At present, budgetary constraints hamper the quality of the Department of Agriculture's (DOA) extension services, by limitingthe mobility of staff (particularly of Subject Matter Specialists) between headquarters and the field, and forestalling provision of on-farm demonstrations and applied research. It also restricts DOA's internal training program and its collaboration with related training and research providers (such as WALMI, the Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT) and the Central Rice Research University (CRRU)).
2. The AIP would fund activities to enhance the quality of extension services in irrigated commands, including adaptive research and field demonstrations in key areas of water management and irrigated agronomy. The AIP would pull together initiatives of DOA, WALMI, OUAT and CRRU to strengthen agricultural development services, provide specialized irrigation agronomy and water management courses, and disseminate the extension messages to the farmers. Field implementation would center on farmer organizations, including the use of "Apex Committee Centers" as fulcrums for contact, training and demonstrations.
Implementation Through Farmer Organizations and Apex Committee Centers
3. The cornerstone of the field implementation of the AIP will be through farmer water user associations and their "Apex Committees". Commands with successfully operating "Apex Committees" would be provided by DOWR with a simplebuilding or "Apex Committee Center" comprising a large multi-purpose room and four small offices. The objective of the Centers would be multi-purpose:
* To provide a center for meetings of Apex Committees to foster communication and interaction among farmers in the command areas;
* To provide space and equipment for multi-purpose farmer training;
* To encourage and provide the means for regular communication between farmers and government staff (DO WR, DOA, Agricultural Engineering, etc.);
* To encourage field level communication, through close proximity, of DOWR and agricultural extension staff, and - 156 - Annex 9 Page 2 of 6 * To act as centers for adaptive agronomic research, field trials and demonstrations, and for connections with marketing agencies and input and equipment suppliers.
In addition to the main meeting/training room, these centers would accommodate an office each for DOWR, DOA, the Apex Committee and an extra office for possible marketing tie-ups. Basic furnishings and equipment would be provided for demonstrations and training.
4. The AIP and its Apex Committee Center program would start on a pilot scale and progressively build up as experience is gained. For the first two years, four commands have been chosen, as described in para 19. Thereafter, using lessons learned in the first two years, four to five new Centers are targeted to be established annually as the OWRCP's Farmer Organization an Turnover (FOT)Program builds up. Actual progress will depend on the success of the pilot program and the build-up of the FOT program. If proceeding to schedule, some 25 Apex Centers would be established by PY6, covering most of the OWRCP commands.
Training and Technical Assistance
Training
5. All phases of AIP will require substantial training inputs, broad details of which are discussed below.
6. Training of agricultural extension staff to upgrade their professional competence in irrigated farming and of farmers in water management, fertilizer application, crop planning, plant protection, farm mechanization and post harvest technology is presently being organized by OAUT, WALMI and CRRU. There is need for the three institutions undertaking training to collaborate to strengthen agricultural development services by providing specialized courses in irrigation agronomy and water management to DOA staff at all levels including for the training of trainers. The nodal department for undertaking such training will be WALMI which will draw experts in various fields from the three institutions and from outside.
7. At command levels, the training of farmers and most of the extension staff will normally be organized at the Apex Center, although facilities at the above three institutions will also be used. All extension staff including senior officers, members of Apex Committee, Farmers Councils and Outlet Committees will be given initial orientation training in OWRCP concepts, and the role of the different functionaries involved in AIP. This will be followed by training of extension staff and farmers in various aspects of irrigated agriculture.
8. Each Apex Center will be equipped with necessary facilities to organize such training programs, seminars and workshops:
* basic furnishings (chairs, tables, etc.);
* audio-visual aids (television set, video cassette recorder, video and ordinary camera, overhead projector, slide projector); - 157 - Annex 9 Page 3 of 6 * basic library facilities and teaching aids (posters, charts, slides, bulletins, journals, and publications on irrigated agronomy, etc.); and
* Minibus for transport of farmers to demonstrations and use by subject matter specialists (para 10).
Training opportunities in irrigated agriculture agronomy for agriculture scientists and subject matter specialists will also be provided in reputed universities and organizations both within and outside India.
Technical assistance
9. A full time consultant experienced in irrigation management will work directly with the Director of Agriculture in the DOA. Specific to the AIP, he will coordinate agricultural extension services to the farming community and the development of packages of agricultural practices. These would be based on the results of adaptive research of OUAT. The consultant would assist farmers in use of improved agricultural implements to accelerate the speed of farming operations (e.g. land preparation, transplanting, and de-weeding in the case of paddy, sugarcane ridging, spraying of insecticides), and also with technology to improve the quality of harvesting operations (e.g. power threshing and groundnut decortication). The AIP will support the appointment of this consultants.
Extension Services
10. With the formation of farmer organizations, the interaction with farmers to disseminate water use and crop production technologies can be organized through farmer groups rather than through contact farmers as is being done at present. This will enable DOA and CADA staff to improve their capacity to outreach farmers and provide accessible field demonstrations and enhanced impact from extension services. Existing staff from DOA and CADA will be re- allocated to enable adequate focus on OWRCP commands:
* Village Agriculture Workers (VAWs). VAWs will be primarily responsible for providing extension services to farmers. The work of VAWs will be supervised by agriculture officers, subject matter specialists in agronomy and plant protection, additional district agricultural officers, and district agricultural officers.
* Subject Matter Specialists (SMSs). An SMS for water management will be provided in OWRCP commands by redeployment from the existing state wide cadre of 16 SMSs specialized in water management.
* CADA Staff. The existing staff of the Command Area Development Agency (CADA) will, in addition to assisting the farmers in the alignment of water courses, field channels and field drains, provide advice in on-farm water management.
11. Transport Facilities. The mobility of VAWs and SMS in water management has been a serious constraint in providing timely services to the farmers. The mobility of VAWs would be enhanced by providing them bank loans on attractive terms to induce them to buy motorcycles - 158 - Annex9 Page 4 of 6 and mopeds. The mobility of SMSs in water management will be improved by providing a minibus at each Apex Center. The minibus will be used for transportation of farmers, office bearers of the farmer organizations and the SMS, DOWR and other staff.
Adaptive Research and Field Demonstrations
12. The responsibilities of OUAT and DOA will include taking a proactive role in identifying and promoting problem solving research and technology transfer in the water sector and irrigation agronomy. Broad water management and irrigated agronomy issues requiring refinements through adaptive research programs by OUAT would include but not be limited to:
* Economic use of irrigation water through efficient management of rainfall, ground water and irrigation;
* Development of sufficient land and water management practices to spread irrigation water uniformly for lands of varying slope and plot sizes;
* Crop choices linked to available water that can enable farmers to obtain higher level of farm incomes; and
* Any other item linked to improvement of water use efficiency and generation of higher levels of farm incomes.
13. The effectiveness of such research would depend upon farmers' abilitiesto best use the related agricultural practices to intensify their agriculture production and increase their farm income. The responsibility of DOA will be to develop sound and innovatory packages of practices based on the results of such research. DOA will conduct on-farm demonstrations or on- farm technology testing of various crops under scheme specific irrigation conditions. Research trials and demonstrations will normally be organized over about 15 hectare areas in select commands, each plot normally not exceeding 5 hectares in area. The total cost of conducting adaptive research is estimated at Rs. 8000 per hectare spread over a period of three years.
14. The DOA will conduct on-farm demonstrations in about 5 hectare areas to train farmers in practical skills and promote the use of research findings in the development of proper package of agricultural practices for adoption by the farmers. Normally, such demonstrations will be three to four in a command covering about 15 hectares area. The estimated cost of each such demonstration is about Rs. 3000 per hectare.
Input and Equipment Marketing Linkages.
15. The Apex Centers would also be used to hire and sell farm implements, machinery and other equipment needed by the farmers to economize on labor intensive agricultural operations and to control pest and disease incidence. The State Agricultural Engineering wing of the Directorate of Agriculture have over the years developed many useful and economical farm implements and has recently intensified manufacturing and sales promotion program in farm - 159 - Annex 9 Page 5 of 6 implements. A list of such implements recommended by the Engineering directorate for use by farmers in irrigated commands along with their latest ex-factory price is given below:
1. Transplanter/Multi crop seed drill Rs. 5,000 2. Weeder Rs. 450 3. Power thresher Rs. 8,000 4. Power winnower Rs. 6,000 5. Pedal thresher Rs. 3,000 6. Ground nut decorticator Rs. 800 7. Ground nut digger Rs. 2,000 8. Sugarcane ridger Rs. 1,000 9. H.C. Sprayer Rs. 1,600
A few sets of the above categories of implements will be stocked at the center in numbers sufficient to service about 3 5 hectares per day. The total estimated cost of such a set for each center is about Rs. 100,000. The agricultural engineering wing of the DOA will demonstrate and assist the farmers in the proper use of the equipment.
16. Facilities to sell agricultural inputs through authorized input dealers/distributors and credit supply through commercial banks will also be promoted by providing suitable space within the center premises or at a suitable location close to the center. Marketing and processing of agriculture produce through private entrepreneurs/farmer consortiums and reputed industrial concerns will be supported by the center in collaboration with related government departments. A provision of Rs. 100,000 has been made as seed money for each center to promote marketing tie- ups with industries/private entrepreneurs/farmer consortiums.
Implementation Arrangements
17. The AIP would be funded through DOWR. Responsibility for implementation of the AIP will primarily be with DOA. A special cell will be established in the DOA to assist the Director of Agriculture to supervise and monitor the implementation of ALP. The cell will be headed by a full time consultant advisor as described in para 9. Coordination of the different agencies involved (DOA, DOWR and its WALMI, CADA, OUAT, and CRRU) would be through a special multi- disciplinary committee under the chairmanship of the Secretary DOWR, with members from all the above agencies.
Costs
18. The total estimated base cost of the program spread over six years is Rs. 82.21 million. The details of the cost of the component and its implementation are given in the attached table. IDA funds under the OWRCP will be provided for funding of construction of Apex Committee Centers and other facilities, equipment, furnishingsand materials for Apex Centers, vehicles and motorcycle/moped loans, costs of research and demonstrations, material, equipment and other associated costs related to the AIP's training programs, consultancies, and India or overseas study tours and training. GOO will finance all staff salaries, vehicle and building operations and maintenance and other overheads. - 160 - Annex 9 Page 6 of 6 Phasing
19. The AIP will be concentrated in 4 of the 25 SIFT commands during the first two years of the project (Rushikulya distributaries 2 and 11, Ghodahada, and Derjang, covering a total command of about 20,000 hectares). During this piloting phase, paralleled by intensive staff training, all aspects of the program and the benefits will be intensively monitored by DOWR and DOA. Based on the lessons learned during these years, the program will be suitably modified and gradually expanded to cover other commands. During the 6 years of the project period, AIP is expected to cover all the rehabilitated/modernized commands of 25 schemes covering about 265,400. As the program gains momentum, it can be extended to new schemes where farmer organizations are established and water deliveries are reliable. PRDJECrCOSTING ADJ NPLEMEWTATIONSCHEutLE - OFSsAW6ATEhIESOULE CONSOUJDATOIDPFO.LECT 0OSSA -A ArxWVLTUPALf8WrENSAUW PWGFkM
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- 162 - Annex 10 Page I of 15
INDIA ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) Action Plan A. INTRODUCTION 1. The primary objectives of the WRCP's Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) Action Plan (RAP) is to provide a record of tangible and sustainable gain for the WRCP project affected peoples (PAPs), including the special needs of tribals, and also to establish permanent capability and state-wide experience for handling all future R&R in Orissa's water sector. The project's R&R component would thus have benefits going well beyond the specific needs related to the WRCP investments. In preparation for the WRCP, two major initiatives were taken by the Govemment of Orissa (GOO). On the policy front, a comprehensive Orissa State R&R Policy was issued in 1994. Secondly, an institutional structure was established to handle R&R in the water sector. The WRCP's R&R Action Plan incorporates these and other features highlighted below: (a) promulgation of the new State R&R Policy to ensure that persons affected by land acquisition for water resources projects are restored to their former living standard or better; (b) strengthening of the new institutional structure in the Department of Water Resources Department (DOWR) to handle R&R; (c) expansion of the definition of project affected persons (PAPs) to include, unmarried daughters thirty years or older, widows with no source of income, sharecroppers and encroachers, and the landless; (d) improved entitlements to project affected persons (PAPs) and enhancement of the rehabilitation and maintenance assistance to help restore incomes, including targeting of existing government programs and other poverty alleviation schemes for specific benefit of PAPs; (e) provision for the specific needs of tribals, based on the Indigenous People's Development Plans (IPDPs) (refer Annex 11); (f) assistance provided by non-govemment organizations (NGOs)for implementation;and (g) monitoring and evaluation including evaluations of development impact by independent consultants to enable adjustments and corrections as needed during implementation. For each field site involving PAPs, a detailed socio-economic survey has been undertaken covering all PAPs. On this basis, a Resettlement and Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP! has been prepared for each field site which will form the detailed basis for implementation of R&R. Socio-economic surveys, R&R Action Plans, and IPDPs have been prepared for each project site, providing details by site and by family/PAP, and are in separate supporting documentation. The RAPs will be supplemented by Indigenous People's Development Plans (IPDPs) (refer Annex 11). also prepared for each site. The WRCP will provide the full support required to implement the RAPs and IPDPs. Project support will also be provided for training assistance, underway since 1994, and consultancies for implementation, supervision, and monitoring and evaluation (M&E). - 163 - Annex 10 Page 2 of 15
2. The paragraphs below and supporting attachments provide summary background of R&R in Orissa, description of R&R needs, component objectives, description of institutional strengthening measures, definition of PAPs, entitlements, special measures for indigenous peoples, role of NGOs, training, project support and financing, and assessment of benefits and risks. The R&R Action Plan Matrix is at Attachment 1. The Implementation Schedule is at Attachment 2. The new Institutional Structure for R&R is at Attachment 3. Attachment 4 provides summary data on the extent of Land Acquisition and Attachment 5 on Project Affected Persons. Attachment 6 summarizes the fisheries income-generating scheme. Finally, Attachment 7 provides Monitorable Indicators of R&R Progress and Impact. 3. The Orissa R&R policy which includes procedural, entitlement, institutional, and other measures described in the action plan was approved under Government Order No.25296 on August 27, 1994 and will be the basis for implementation of the R&R component of the WRCP project. A copy of Orissa's 1994 R&R Policy is provided in separate supporting documentation. B. BACKGROUND AND PAST PERFORMANCE 4. Orissa is a state rich in water resources and has the potential for substantial water resources development for irrigation and other uses. The majority of this can be achieved through investments in major and medium surface irrigation schemes (a major scheme is over 10,000 hectares of net irrigated area and a medium scheme is 2,000-10,000 hectares of net irrigated area). One of the consequences of developing this potential is the displacement of people, primarily through the storage of water, construction of headworks, and other infrastructure. In addition to those persons displaced, the process of land acquisition for these irrigation schemes can result in significant numbers of additional persons having their incomes adversely affected through the loss of their cultivable land and economic opportunities as a result of development of irrigation networks like canals and drains.
5. Since 1947, Orissa has undertaken construction of about 70 major and medium irrigation projects. Using data available for 44 of these projects, the total number of persons displaced by irrigation projects (data not available for persons affected but not displaced), has been about 380,000. About 40 percent of these persons displaced have been tribal; another 15 percent have been scheduled castes. Orissa has a large tribal population; 22 percent of its total population are tribal, many of whom are still forest-dependent to varying degrees. Thus, scheduled castes and tribes, who are among the poorest segments of the population, constitute more than half of those displaced by water sector development projects in the State.
6. Although Orissa did not have an R&R policy for the irrigation sector, the State's Irrigation Department, responding to problems posed by resettlement in the irrigation sector, began in 1977 to issue a series of Government Resolutions which provided the basis for identifying PAPs, defining their entitlements, and setting out guidelines for planning of resettlement. In terms of institutional responsibility, land acquisition officers in the Revenue Department handled payments to PAPs and were responsible for working with the Irrigation Department Engineers to ensure that displaced persons were resettled according to the prevailing Government Resolutions. For major irrigation schemes, land acquisition officers were also responsible for R&R. Still, the main issues faced by R&R were: lack of R&R planning; lack of census data or socio-economic surveys; poor quality land under the "land-for-land" rehabilitation option; inadequate compensation for lost assets; inadequate measures to ensure PAPs' restoration of incomes; significant time gaps between payment of compensation and actual displacement; inadequate consultation with, and participation of, PAPs in R&R; and lack of grievance procedures.
7. The lack of an institutional apparatus to plan, fund, implement and monitor R&R, together with gaps in the policy provisions were the two central weaknesses causing these problems. - 164 - Annex 10 Page 3 of 15
C. PREPARATION OF ORISSA'S NEW R&R POLICY AND R&R ACTION PLAN 8. During 1992-93, an intensive series of missions to review R&R performance in the field and the supporting legislative and administrative environment were conducted by Bank-funded consultants in association with the Government of Orissa (GOO) and supported by visits of Bank R&R specialists.
9. In early 1994 the Orissa Government constituted an Inter-Departmental Working Group' to review its existing compendium of Government Resolutions governing resettlement. The primary task of the Working Group was to prepare a revised R&R policy for the irrigation sector in the State consistent with the requirements of the Bank's Operational Directives on Involuntary Resettlement (Operational Directive 4.30) and Indigenous Peoples (Operational Directive 4.20). The draft policy was circulated for discussion in March 1994, and was approved by GOO on August 27, 1994 (Government Order No. 25296) and took effect on September 1, 1994. Issuance of the policy establishes Orissa as one of the few states in India to have issued an R&R policy aiming at comprehensive coverage of land acquisition and involuntary resettlement needs and the needs of indigenous peoples. 10. Another recognized key need was to establish a state institutional structure to implement R&R in the water sector. In August 1994, GOO established an R&R Directorate in the DOWR to be responsible for carrying out GOO's R&R policy for PAPs in the water resources sector (refer para. 16). 11. These initiatives have been paralleled by intensive field work at each of the WRCP's seven field sites where R&R is involved. This has involved Socio-Economic Surveys at each site and preparation of site specific Resettlement and Rehabilitation Action Plans (RAPs) and Indigenous Peoples Development Plans (IPDPs). Other preparatory actions included training of R&R Directorate Staff and DOWR engineers, and selection and training of NGOs for field implementation of RAPs. D. THE 1994 ORISSA R&R POLICY 12. The new R&R policy represents significant improvement from GOO's previous policy ("Land for Land" to be allotted by government, to the extent possible within the comnmandarea of the irrigation). It now provides greater recognition to women, tribals, and other persons economically affected, including landless, sharecroppers, tenant farmers, laborers and encroachers. Some of these improvements are: expansion of the definition of displaced families to include unmarried daughters thirty years or older, widows, sharecroppers and encroachers, enhancement and adjustment for inflation of cash grant to be provided in lieu of homestead land, and house construction and maintenance assistance, enhancement of rehabilitation assistance, reimbursement for registration fee and stamp duty, and rehabilitation assistance grant in lieu of land for purchase of productive assets. In recognition of the need to empower women, GOO's new R&R policy also mandates issuance of ownership titles for homestead and agricultural land jointly in the names of the project affected person and his/her spouse, and that cash payments in lieu of homestead land, house construction and maintenance allowances, and rehabilitation assistance are to be paid jointly in favor of the entitled PAP and his/her spouse. In contrast to the old policy, GOO's new R&R policy contains a number of provisions for tribals with the objective of allowing
I This WorkingGroup was chaired by the AdditionalSecretary, DOWR, with membersrepresenting the Departmentsof Revenue,Forests, Rural Development,Harijan and Tribal WelfareDepartments, and the Engineer-In-Chief of Planningfor the DOWR. The WorkingGroup also includedan NGO representativewith experiencein tribal matters, a lawyer with R&R experience, two district collectors with R&R experience, a sociologist/anthropologistwith tribal experience,and a consultantinvolved in the preparationof the RAPs for some of the WRCP subprojects. - 165 - Annex 10 Page 4 of 15 tribals to retain their previous way of life. This includes providing resettlement sites as close to their area of displacement as possible and in surroundings which are similar to the area from which they were displaced. The policy also provides that priority be given to tribals for allocation of agricultural land, development of wastelands, and employment in the project. Additionally, the new policy has much stronger provisions relating to economic rehabilitation in general, and the specific role of NGOs in this aspect of R&R, including strategies for alternative income-generating activities. Provisions are also made for grievances related to the payment of compensation for land acquired under the project. The R&R Action Plan Matrix at Attachment 1, summarizing salient features of the Action Plan, makes reference to key features of the R&R Policy in relation to the guidelines provided by the Bank's Operational Directive 4.30. E. DESCRIPTION OF LAND ACOUISITION UNDER THE WRCP 13. Socio-economic surveys prepared by consultants have reviewed all of the seven project schemes comprising Badanala, Harabanghi, Hariharjore, Rengali, Upper Jonk, Baghua, and Mahanadi-Chitrotpala to determine the extent of land acquisition involved, the needs and aspirations of the PAPs and communities involved, and the nature of compensation, resettlement and economic rehabilitation required. On the basis of these surveys, detailed RAPs were prepared in conjunction with GOO and in consultation with, and participation of PAPs. No land acquisition is required for the Naraj Barrage and is therefore not covered in the R&R component. The surveys covered land acquisition for both the reservoirs to be constructed and/or completed and new canals and other distribution infrastructure, as well as persons affected by works involved in construction and/or completion of structures. In total, about 1799 ha of private lands would need to be acquired for the WRCP, plus about 1680 ha of government lands, primarily unused wastelands, and about 1636 ha of forest lands, distributed over 7 project schemes as presented below (Attachment 4). Statewide, about 2,596 persons would be displaced (PDPs) by the WRCP investments and about 31,207 persons (PAPs) will be affected in varying degrees though not expected to be displaced (Attachment 5). Over 75 percent of the PAP/PDPs would be in the command areas for the new irrigation, generally with only small parts of their holdings affected by canals or drains. Such persons would be direct beneficiaries of irrigation, with substantially improved yields and incomes. 14. Socio-economic surveys and detailed resettlement and economic rehabilitation action plans have been followed up by subproject-specific Indigenous Peoples Development Plans for Tribal Communities (IPDPs) carried out by consultants. The primary objective of the IPDPs is to implement additional measures as required for the specific social, economic, and cultural needs of indigenous peoples affected by the project. The Indigenous Peoples Development Plan (IPDP), also funded under the WRCP, is at Annex I l. - 166 - Annex 10 Page 5 of 15
Project Project Land to be Acquired under WRCP Displaced Affected ------(ha) ------Persons Persons Forest Govt. Private (PDPs) (PAPs) Construction Completion Sub-Project (Ha) (Ha) (Ha) (Nos.) (Nos.) Start Compl. of RAP of IPDPs
Harabanghi 333 188 297 164 1373 78/79 96/97 May-95 Jul-95 Badanala 0 131 50 0 1649 81/82 97/98 May-95 Jul-95 Upper Jonk 186 398 81 42 1843 77/78 97/98 May-95 Jul-95 Hariharjore 912 637 165 499 3406 78/79 98/99 May-95 Jul-95 Rengali 0 0 695 803 10758 72/73 99/00 May-95 Jul-95 Baghua Stage It 202 230 174 1088 1588 78/79 97/98 Jul-95 Jul-95 Mahanadi- Chitrotpala 3 96 337 0 10590 89/90 00/01 Aug-95 Aug-95 Totals 1636 1680 1799 2596 31207
F. OBJECrIVE OF R&R COMPONENT 15. The general objective of this component is to ensure that persons affected by land acquisition under the Project are left as well off or better off than their previous situation. Additionally, it is also the objective of this project that tribals do not suffer adverse effects during the development process and that they receive culturally compatible social and economic benefits. To meet these objectives, the following measures have been adopted: (a) strengthening of the institutional capacity to expedite R&R through the establishment of an R&R Directorate within DOWR, and appointment of a Resettlement and Rehabilitation Officer (RRO) and a Special Land Acquisition Officer (SLAO) at each major/medium irrigation scheme. (b) assistance to PAPs, with consideration of special needs of tribals, through NGOs, for purchase of productive assets, for self- employment, and for other income-generating activities, including associated funding through house construction and economic rehabilitation assistance, and maintenance allowance. (c) assistance to PAPs with special focus on tribals' special needs, to facilitate their access, through NGOs' assistance, to existing government programs, and poverty alleviation and other income-generating schemes. G. INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING 16. R&R Directorate, To establish a permnanentinstitutional capability within DOWR to deal with R&R matters, in 1994 GOO created a Directorate of R&R headed by a Director from the Indian Administrative Services (IAS) with the senior rank of Additional Secretary and reporting directly to the Secretary, DOWR. The R&R Directorate is responsible for carrying out government policies on land acquisition and resettlement and economic rehabilitation for the water resources sector. These include the planning, coordination, implementation and monitoring of all land acquisition and resettlement and economic rehabilitation activities under the WRCP. In carrying out these functions, the R&R Directorate is also responsible for contracting with NGOs to carry out site-specific resettlement and economic rehabilitation for each subproject, for overseeing NGOs' functions, and for setting up and providing approval for the joint accounts established under the R&R Action Plans. To support the R&R Directorate's functions at Headquarters in Bhubaneswar, it is supported by a Land Acquisition and R&R Unit headed by an Orissa - 167 - Annex 10 Page 6 of 15
Administrative Service (OAS) Officer of Joint Secretary Rank, a Socio-Economic Unit headed by an Anthropologist and supported by an Agricultural Economist, and a Statistical Unit headed by an Assistant Conservator of Forest, supported by a Research Assistant. 17. Field Implementation Arrangements. Project level Rehabilitation Advisory Committees (RACs) have been constituted and functioning in each of the subproject areas. For major projects involving more than one district, the concemnedRevenue Division Commissioner is the Chairman of the committee, otherwise the District Collector chairs the RACs. Its members are drawn from all concerned District Level Development departments, in addition to peoples' representatives of the local area. The RACs main functions are to review all aspects of the site-specific RAPs to ensure effective implementation, to identify bottlenecks encountered and, to propose measures to resolve them. In addition, the RACs also undertake inspection of land earmarked for resettlement of displaced persons, dispense advice for improvement of common facilities at resettlement colonies, and achieve resolution of PAP grievances related to resettlement and economic rehabilitation. The RACs will also play an oversight role against deterioration of physical and social environment. Access to the courts for redressal of grievances is built into the Land Acquisition Act of 1894. However, for speedier out-of-court disposal of grievances of PAPs relating to awards and payment of compensation, the PAPs have recourse to the local Lok Adalats which are constituted for this specific purpose. Monitoring and evaluation arrangements are described in para 35. 18. On-Site Arrangements. At the field level, the Directorate and its District level RACs are supported by a Resettlement and Rehabilitation Officer (RRO) and/or a Special Land Acquisition Officer (SLAO) assigned to every major irrigation scheme. The RRO would have primary responsibility for implementation of RAPs and supervision of NGOs. For schemes with more than 500 affected families (whether major or medium) a separate RRO would be assigned. For schemes with less than 500 affected families, the SLAO would also be responsible for the RRO's functions. A Consultant NGO (and/or Community Worker) would be assigned to each RRO/SLAO at a ratio of one NGO/Community Worker for every 250 displaced/adversely affected families, to assist with the resettlement and economic rehabilitation of the PAPs (refer paras. 30 and 31). The above Institutional Arrangements are shown in the organizational chart at Attachment
H. H . PROJECT AFFECTED AND DISPLACED PERSONS 19. Definitions. Project Affected Persons (PAPs) or Project Displaced Persons (PDPs) include all persons who stand to lose all or part of their land and/or homestead, or whose livelihoods, trade or occupation, and other economic opportunities have been adversely affected, directly or indirectly, due to the construction of a water resources project. This includes:
(a) land-owning persons losing all or part of their land and/or homestead; (b) landless persons such as laborers, sharecroppers, encroachers, and tenant farmers losing all or part of their cultivated and/or homestead land; (c) major children including unmarried daughters more than 30 years of age;
(d) widows and divorcees with no source of livelihood; and (e) minor orphans and physically and mentally retarded persons regardless of sex and age. - 168 - Annex 10 Page 7 of 15
20. A Project Displaced Person (PDP) is a PAP who loses his/her land including homestead land, or who loses his homestead. A Project Affected Person (PAP) is a person who loses part of his/her land, but does not lose the homestead land. I. ENTITLEMENTS
21. Compensation for Land Acquisition. Under the Land Acquisition Act of 1894 (LAA), as amended in 1984, the State commits to pay the market price for the land to be acquired, and, recognizing the involuntary nature of acquisition, provides for a 30 percent solatium, including interest at the prevailing rate in case of delays in payment of compensation for land acquisition. Under the LAA, district level Negotiating Committees are authorized to conduct negotiations with landowners to establish full and fair valuation of land and speedier settlement. If the negotiating process does not result in a "consent award", then land acquisition proceedings continue using the normal procedures established under the Act. 22. Entitlements under the R&R Action Plan. Additional to the above compensation, the R&R Action Plan provides the following entitlements, applicable to PAPs/PDPs:
(a) Land-for-Land/Rehabilitation Assistance Grant. Provision of productively comparable replacement land on the basis of one acre of unirrigated land lost to one acre of unirrigated replacement land, or one half acre of irrigated replacement land, up to a maximum of two acres of replacement irrigated land or four acres if unirrigated. Alternatively, at PAPs/PDPs request, provision of Rehabilitation Assistance Grant (RAG) of Rs.20,000 per acre of irrigated land or Rs. 10,000 per acre of unirrigated land, up to a maximum of two acres of replacement irrigated land or four acres if unirrigated.
If the land-for-land option is chosen, the land would be identified by the PAP within a well defined geographic area near the village or in the command area within a specific time frame. Ownership would be recorded jointly in the name of the PAP and his or her spouse. Where the land offered is not acceptable to the PAPs on valid grounds, the State will assist PAPs to purchase appropriate land from private sources with assistance from a Purchase Comnuitteechaired by the subproject Resettlement and RehabilitationOfficer (RRO) with members representing the local community and the PAPs concerned. In cases where the Rehabilitation Assistance Grant is chosen by the PAP/PDP, the RAG will be awarded jointly in favor of the PAP and his or her spouse. The amount would be deposited in a joint bank account with withdrawal against signatures of the PAP and his or her spouse, the NGO and the RRO. Withdrawals would be for purchase of productive assets, excluding land, such as farm animals, agricultural implements, or for self-employment (e.g. equipment for establishing a small business) or other income-generating activities. The RAG will be adjusted for inflation.
(b) Reimbursement of Registration Fee and Stamp Duty. The State will provide reimbursement of registration fee and stamp duty, if replacement land is purchased within three years of receipt of the rehabilitation assistance. (c) Homestead Land. Provision of 0.2 acres of homestead land (or at PDP request, Rs. 20,000 cash grant in lieu of homestead land). - 169 - Annex 10 Page 8 of 15
(d) Home Construction Allowance (HCA). Rs. 20,000 for construction of new house. (e) Maintenance Allowance. Rs.500 per month from the date of displacement through a period of one year. In all WRCP subprojects in the scheme completion category, for PDPs being given land in the command area, the Maintenance Allowance would be extended to two additional years to provide support during the period when irrigation is not available. The purpose of the Maintenance Allowance would be to compensate for the PDPs' lost incomes during the transition period, so as to meet basic necessities to ensure that PDPs are not obliged to sell existing family assets pending restoration of earning ability. In addition to the above entitlements the R&R Action Plan will also target existing Government Programs and Poverty Alleviation Schemes (refer paras. 28 and 29) to all sites where R&R is taking place. At each site an NGO will have responsibility for facilitating access by all PAPs/PDPs to the various entitlements and benefits above. 23. Entitlements for Land-Owning PAPs/PDPs. Land-owning project-displaced persons (PDPs) whose land or homestead have been acquired for the purpose of the Project are entitled, in addition to the compensation for the land acquired, to the following entitlements: (a) land-for- land/rehabilitation assistance grant; (b) registration fee and stamp duty exemption; (c) homestead land; (d) home contruction allowance; (e) maintenance allowance; and (f) access to government programs and poverty alleviation schemes. A land-owning PAP whose home is not acquired but who loses part of his agricultural lands is entitled, in addition to compensation for the land acquired, to: (a) land-for-land/rehabilitationassistance grant; (b) registration fee and stamp duty exemption; and (c) access to government programs and poverty alleviation schemes. 24. Entitlements for Landless PAPs/PDPs. The landless category includes tenant farmers, sharecroppers, encroachers and landless laborers. A landless person who is displaced (PDP) is entitled to: (a) 4 acres of unirrigated land or 2 acres of irrigated land or the rehabilitation assistance grant equivalent to this area; (b) registration fee and stamp duty exemption, if he elects to purchase land; (c) homestead land; (d) home contruction allowance; (e) maintenance allowance; and (f) access to government programs and poverty alleviation schemes. If a tenant farmer, sharecropper or encroacher loses his cultivated land in such a way that he becomes landless or he loses a portion of his only holding and thereby would be compelled to lead an uneconomic living, he would be entitled to: (a) provision of land equal to the cultivated area actually lost if unirrigated or half the area if irrigated, subject to a maximum of 4 acres of unirrigated land or 2 acres of irrigated land (or, alternatively, at PAP's request, provision of rehabilitation assistance grant); and (b) access to govemment programs and poverty alleviation schemes. 25. Entitlements for Encroachers Losing Only Homestead or Becoming Landless Through Loss of Encroached Land. Encroachers would receive the same entitlements as indicated in para. 24 above. About five percent of the lands to be taken up under the project is estimated to represent encroached land on land in the "objectionable" category (i.e. government-owned land defined by GOO as lands set apart for the common use of villages, for notified development schemes, for govemment corporations, etc.). For encroachers on such "objectionable" lands, GOO has provided additional clarification regarding their entitlements under the R&R Policy. If the encroacher loses his encroached homestead land, he will be treated as a displaced persons irrespective of the legal status of his occupation of the land. Therefore, he is entitled to the full R&R entitlements under the R&R Action Plan as described for landless PDPs in para 24 above. Similarly, if he loses all or part of his encroached agricultural lands, but not his homestead, he would be treated as a landless PAP who is not displaced and be eligible for the benefits described - 170 - Annex 10 Page 9 of 15
for landless PAPs in para 24 above. The specific entitlements for encroachers on objectionable lands are listed in Appendix 1 of Attachment 1 of this Annex. J. INDIGENOUS PEOPLE 26. About 22 percent of Orissa's population are tribals. Historically, they have been forest- dependent, but with forests disappearing in Orissa over the last decades, the majority of tribal (indigenous) people sustain their livelihood by a combination of podu (shifting) cultivation, collection of forest produce, and settled agriculture and wage labor, with the two latter occupational categories gaining importance. Tribal PAPs and PDPs will be entitled to the full R&R benefits of the R&R Action Plan, described in this Annex. As indicated in the various sections of this Annex, special features have additionally been built into the R&R Action Plan to cater to the particular socio-cultural and economic needs of tribal peoples. These have as a basis the special socio- economic survey and interview techniques employed in the socio-economic surveys to ascertain the particular needs of tribals and other potentially vulnerable groups, based on participatory interview techniques involving the individual families and family members, tribal communities as a whole, and sub-groups within such communities (eg., tribal women). Measures adopted are specific to the needs at each site. They include particular attention to relocation sites, where, for instance, access to forest lands is an important need, and design of site-specific RAPs catering to the individual and community needs of tribal families. Infrastructure facilities at relocation sites have also been determined based on the identified tribal needs. A key feature is the selection of appropriate economic rehabilitation activities, tailored to the individual needs of each tribal family, and also the selection of government development schemes, in particular the ones with a poverty/tribal development focus (para 28). The R&R Plan's Organizational features also build in the staff and institutional capabilities to handle the needs of indigenous peoples, including linkages with GOOs Tribal Welfare Department, an anthropologist heading the R&R Directorate's socio- economic unit, and use of NGOs chosen for their practical capabilities to handle the needs of vulnerable groups including tribals. Additional special organizational features for indigenous peoples are described at Table 2 of Annex 11. Support from consultants experienced with indigenous peoples will also be provided during implementation. 27. Additional to the above, an Indigenous Peoples Development Plan (IPDP) has been prepared in accordance with the Bank's Operational Directive 4.20 based on comprehensive socio- economic studies specifically designed for IPDP purposes carried out in all sub-project areas with a tribal population (the IPDP is at Annex 11). These supplementary surveys covered the WRCP sub- projects of Harabanghi, Badanala, Upper Jonk, Hariharjore, Rengali and Baghua; the total tribal population in these commands is 56,808 persons. The tribal population in Mahanadi-Chitrotpala is only 55, equal to 0.1 percent of the total population in the sub-project area and therefore not included in the IPDP. The purpose of the studies was to anticipate and assess the impact of the project on tribals and their felt needs, and to propose mitigation and community development activities to be carried out according to specific plans in each subproject. Accordingly, support activities to improve tribals's environment and standard of living, based on their own participation were developed. The IPDP supplements other project activities under the OWRCP and GOO's ongoing development programs for tribals, and will be funded under the project. Tribal communities and tribal neighborhoods within a larger mixed community/caste villages will be the target group for implementation of the IPDP. The strategy will have a poverty focus benefitting all the weaker communities. Infrastructural improvements, such as schools and public health facilities, will be designed and planned accordingly. Activities will also address the particular vulnerable situation of tribals, e.g. land rights, literacy, health care, capacity-building and empowerment. Details of these activities are provided in the Indigenous Peoples Development Plan at Annex 11. Mitigating measures identified by the IPDP will be additional to the entitlements provided to all WRCP PDPs/PAPs, including tribals, as spelled out in paras. 21-25. Thus, tribal PDPs/PAPs will be entitled, as appropriate, to all the benefits available to PAPs/PDPs: for - 171 - Annex 10 Page l 0of 15 instance, to land compensation under the Land Acquisition Act, and, under the R&R Action Plan, rehabilitation assistance (including "land for land" option), maintenance allowance, homestead land and home construction allowance, access to government programs and access to NGO assistance for economic rehabilitation. Additionally, as indicated above and in Annex 11, special additional features for indigenous peoples also apply. K. ACCESS TO GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION SCHEMES.
28. Under the WRCP, existing government development or poverty alleviation programs will specifically target PAPs in all WRCP R&R sites. There are many such programs, some common to all locations, and others specific to particular areas. A primary activity of the R&R Directorate, the district collectors, the rehabilitation advisory committees, and the government block development officers in the localities cncerned will be to harness available prograrns and target them in particular on project affected/displacedpersons. The NGO at each site will be the primary catalyser for the targeting exercise, providing a two-way flow of information and influence specific to the particular needs and aptitudes of each PAP/PDP. Specific programs are identified in each RAP. Examples of government development programs include the horticulture, dairy, smallholder forestry, sericulture, and other agriculture-based schemes; self-employment schemes under the Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP); the Drought Prone Area Program (DPAP); the Modified Area Development Program; and several artisanal and skill development/training programs. Many of these have adaptive features to cater to the needs of tribals, minorities, and women. Additionally, focus and specific targeting would be made on those programs catering specifically to the needs of women and tribals. These include for instance, the Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA) scheme, the Integrated Tribal Development Program, Scheduled Caste Development Program, and the Forest Farming for Rural Poor Scheme.
29. Supplemental to the above, an additional scheme would be specifically assisted under the WRCP, exploiting the interesting opportunity of linking fresh-water fisheries on created reservoirs with R&R. Together with similar initiatives in the Tamil Nadu WRCP, this would be the first such formal linkage for India. Under the ongoing Shrimp and Fish Culture Project (Credit 2329-IN), the Fisheries Department would target WRCP PAPs for its fisheries income-generating schemes in the following districts and reservoirs that the project is currently operating in, namely: Harabanghi Reservoir in the District of Gajapati; and Badanala Reservoir in the District of Rayagada. Such activities will also be funded in the following reservoirs to be included in the project's expanded scope (restructuring currently under consideration): Baghua Reservoir in the Kalahandi District, Upper Jonk Reservoir in Nawapara District, Rengali Reservoir in the Dhenkanal District, and Hariharjore Reservoir in the Sonepur District. Incomes anticipated from fisheries are substantial with the added desirable feature that benefits will primarily be to the reservoir-affected persons, representing the bulk of the project displaced persons. Details are provided in Attachment 7. L. ROLE OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (NGOs) 30. NGOs will play a crucial role in implementation of the site-specific RAPS and IPDPs. Suitable NGOs with hands-on experience in rural development community organization and tribal affairs would be contracted by the R&R Directorate to undertake primary responsibility for implementing the RAPs and IPDPs. On two of the sites, NGOs have already been contracted and have commenced work, and the NGO identification/contractingprocess is advanced on the other sites. The NGOs would represent the interest of PAPs, the special interests of tribals (rights and entitlements), organize community participation, handle women's needs and facilitate PAPs' access to ongoing government programs and poverty alleviation schemes. - 172 - Annex 10 Page I I of 15
31. The NGOs, in conjunction with concerned rural development and line departments, would work with the PAPs and the RROs to assist the PAPs in obtaining benefits from mainstream government programs and ongoing poverty alleviation schemes. They would be working with individual families, and, under the supervision of the Scheme RRO/SLAO, would be mainly responsible for ensuring that project affected families:
(a) are adequately informed of their entitlements under the 1994 Policy and receive their full entitlements; (b) participate in the planning process and are adequately informed of resettlement schedules and plans; (c) are physically resettled in a manner which respects their rights and dignity as individuals; (d) are informed of alternative economic rehabilitation opportunities; (e) have access to agencies and resources which can help them restore their previous standard of living; (f) are generally assisted in their resettlement and rehabilitation and provided with continuous follow-up assistance.
Criteria for NGO selection are at Annex 16 of the Staff Appraisal Report. M. TRAINING 32. Training has been provided to a number of DOWR engineering staff both at headquarters and in the field and to selected NGOs to increase their knowledge and skills to deal with the social and economic dimensions of land acquisition, resettlement and economic rehabilitation. Training courses included concepts of economic rehabilitation, women's development, linkage with other government schemes, community organization and participation, and the role of NGOs. It also covered preparation of model rehabilitation action plans and setting up indicators for monitoring and evaluation. The methodology for training was by seminar presentation and experience-based learning through group work and discussions. It was supplemented by hands-on training in the field in participatory rural appraisal, participation in meetings with project-affected villages and communities, interviews with project affected peoples, tribals, women and other vulnerable groups, and mock coordination meetings between NGOs, block development officers, RROs and LAOs. The objective is to help sensitize course participants, DOWR engineering staff and NGOs alike, to hardships facing project affected persons. During project implementation additional training and refresher courses along similar lines will be provided periodically and funded under the project. The main aim of the training program is to expose DOWR's engineering staff to the R&R aspects of irrigation projects to provide them with the basic tools that will enable them to work effectively under the R&R Directorate's guidance, with the NGOs and the PAPs in effective implementation of the WRCP's R&R component. Training will also be provided to the NGOs. This would focus primarily on entitlements under the policy and R&R procedures, as the initial experience with the NGOs already contracted indicates good existing expertise with social organization and development activities. Opportunity for visits and seminars, in India or overseas, would also be provided for senior R&R Directorate and other selected DOWR staff, and, as appropriate, to selected NGO personnel. - 173 - Annex 10 Page 12 of 15
N. RETROFIT SURVEY FOR INCOME RESTORATION 33. Rengali Hydropower Project. The earlier constructed Rengali hydropower dam had a large resettlement scheme which was completed during the last ten years. There is a need for more follow-up work with the project affected peoples in existing relocation villages to ensure that they are economically rehabilitated. Retrofit measures could take the form of income generating activities for PAPs, or more specific measures such as electrification. The R&R Directorate is undertaking a Retrofit Survey of the existing relocation villages from earlier investment at Rengali to determine the need for follow-up assistance and to identify specific retrofit measures. 34. Subernarekha Irrigation Project. With the aid of technical assistance provided by consultants, GOO has made significant progress with R&R on Subernarekha. However, additional measures are likely to be needed to restore the livelihoods of project affected peoples in existing relocation villages to a sustainable level. The focus of these measures would be mainly on community infrastructure for the relocation villages and economic rehabilitation measures directed at project affected peoples. A supplementary survey will be undertaken under the project for the purpose of identifying additional intervention, and a retrofit action plan as needed. 0. MONITORING AND EVALUATION 35. To safeguard against shortfalls due to possible implementation weaknesses, and to ensure the welfare of PAPs and PDPs, monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of the R&R progress and impact will be undertaken on a regular basis (refer Implementation Schedule at Attachment 2). As part of its R&R management function, the R&R Directorate will undertake routine M&E of the program's progress and impact, with assistance, as needed of consultants. Additionally, more in- depth M&E will be undertaken by independent consultants. Attachment 7 provides Monitorable Indicators of Progress and Impact of R&R. Monitoring and evaluation will cover the physical, economic and social, and financial and administrative aspects of R&R. The Independent Monitoring and Evaluation Consultants will review all aspects of R&R, but in particular, will focus on independent assessment of the standard of living and sustainability of PAPs/PDPs. Reports will be prepared annually by the independent consultants until it is assessed that the economic rehabilitation process is complete. As needed, special supplementary surveys would also be conducted. All M&E reports would be furnished to the State Project Monitoring Committee and IDA. P. PROJECT SUPPORT 36. Government would finance land acquisition, homestead land, as well as the maintenance allowance. IDA funding would be for related civil works, equipment, vehicles, in-country and overseas training and consultancies, incremental staff and operating costs of the R&R Directorate, and contracts with NGOs for implementation of the RAPs and IPDPs, including, within the NGO contracts, provision of rehabilitation assistance to PAPs for purchase of productive assets, excluding land, such as farm animals, agricultural tools and implements, or for self-employment (e.g. equipment for establishing a small business) or other income generating activities. Consultancy provisions include allowance for additional socio-economic surveys, indigenous peoples development plans, resettlement and economic rehabilitation action plans for future subprojects, project supervision, and monitoring and evaluation. R&R monitoring and special auditing procedures would apply to ensure that the rehabilitation assistance is used for creation of productive assets. Consultancy assistance would include an annual review by an independent consultant of the status of PAPs at all sites. - 174 - Annex 10 Page 13 of 15
Q. R&R COMPONENT COST AND FINANCING PLAN 37. Total cost of the R&R Component, including physical and price contingencies, is estimated at Rs.781 million base cost. The summary breakdown of project costs (refer Annex 18, Tables 26 to 32 for full details) are as follows:
R&R Component Cost Rs. million
(a) Support to R&R Directorate 152 (b) Upper Jonk Subproject 34 (c) Badanala Subproject 19 (d) Hariharjore Subproject 83 (e) Rengali Subproject 174 (f) Harabanghi Subproject 35 (g) Baghua Subproject 134 (h) Mahanadi-Chitrotpala 150
Total 781
R. BENEFITS UNDER THE R&R ACTION PLAN 38. Over 75 percent of PAPs/PDPs would be direct beneficiaries of new irrigation provided under the project. As with other beneficiaries of new irrigation, their incomes would thus be expected to increase some four-fold under the project (para 39). Provisions under the R&R Action Plan cater both to such direct beneficiaries and to those for which new irrigation is not possible. For those who are not direct beneficiaries of new irrigation (as well as for those who are), the R&R Action Plan provides benefits enabling Project Affected (PAPs) and Project Displaced Persons (PDPs) to be substantial beneficiaries from the project, even without new irrigation. This would stem from the package of benefits provided under the R&R Action Plan (land-for- land/economic rehabilitation grant, maintenance grant till earnings restored, homestead land, home construction allowance, stamp duty and registration tax exemptions, targeted government development programs, community infrastructure at all sites, NGO assistance, etc. (refer paras. 21 to 25). This gain in living standards would be particularly marked if the PAPs/PDPs are currently in the landless category (including encroachers [refer para. 44]), or if they are tribal persons for which additional benefits are provided under the IPDPs (refer Annex 11). 39. Benefits from Irrigation. Seventy five percent of private land acquisition relates to land needs for canal and drainage construction within the new command areas. While compensation is paid for all such land acquisition, and PAPs/PDPs get the full R&R benefits for which they are entitled, disruptions are usually small in such cases, involving only part of the holdings and with subsequent increased yields from irrigation. To the extent possible, land provisions under the R&R program will be located in the new irrigated areas. Thus, actual direct beneficiaries from irrigation may exceed 75 percent. This situation would be the typical one for most canal-affected persons, and to the extent possible, reservoir affected PAPs/PDPs would also be provided with irrigated lands, making the possible actual percentage of transformation to irrigated conditions higher than the above estimate. The direct project benefits to farmers indicated in the table at para 5.13 of the SAR would apply to all such PAPs/PDPs, with an expected increase in net incomes from farming of over four-fold. 40. Benefits for Landless PAPs/PDPs including Encroachers. For landless persons including encroachers, the gain in living standards would be more substantial than for landed - 175 - Annex 10 Page 14 of 15 persons. A landless displaced laborer or encroacher would be entitled to four acres of unirrigated land or two acres of irrigated land, thus establishing the PAP/PDP as a landowner. The PAP/PDP would now have his/her own landholding, and with an area above the average private landholding area in Orissa.2 Hence, landless persons and encroachers, generally in the poorest segments before being project affected/displaced, would subsequently have above average assets as sources of livelihood (refer to paras. 24 and 25 and Appendix 1 of Attachment 1).
41. Benefits for Tribals. Tribal (indigenous) people have the full entitlements available to other non-tribal PDPs/PAPs. Thus, the various benefits described in Section R and other sections of this annex apply in full to indigenous people. Beyond this, the special socio-cultural and economic needs of tribals and their generally vulnerable situation in the development process, need to be catered to. To this end, socio-economic surveys and resultant RAPs have been specifically designed to cater to the special needs of indigenous people. The resultant provisions for tribals under the R&R action plan, as described in this Annex, and in particular at paras. 26 and 27 above, have been especially adapted to the needs of tribals. Supplementing the RAPs, additional surveys have been conducted on the special community needs of tribals, and an Indigenous Peoples Development Plan (IPDP) is provided at Annex 11. This further enhances the measures under the R&R action plan, with the additional measures as described at Annex 11, also funded under the OWRCP.
42. Benefits for Women. Female-headed households would be entitled to the same benefits as male-headed households as the policy provides for their full status as PAPs/PDPs. The R&R Action Plan is also designed to be particularly adaptive to the needs of women in the design of vocational training programs and access to government income-generating schemes (a number of government schemes which are targeted for emphasis in the R&R sites are, for instance, specifically geared towards women's needs [paras. 28 and 43]). On-site NGO assistance would be the primary vehicle through which such focus would be provided. The R&R Plan, based on detailed social surveys including the needs of women and children, also provides for facilities particularly important to women and families. Amongst identified needs, convenient access to safe drinking water through wells (an important time-saving as well as health measure), and access to schools and health services were common identified needs that have been provided for. Success with the objective of catering to the needs of all categories of PAPs/PDPs, including such vulnerable groups as landless, encroachers, indigenous peoples and women, would be monitored through the R&R Directorate, independent consultants, and special surveys. 43. Benefits from Targeted Government Programs. An important thrust area for all R&R sites is the specific targeting of existing Government development or poverty alleviation programs on PAPslPDPs (refer paras. 28 and 29). There are many such programs, some common to all locations, and others specific to particular areas. A primary activity of the R&R Directorate, the district collectors, the rehabilitation advisory committees, and the government block development officers in the localities concerned will be to harness the available programs and target them in particular on project affected/displaced persons. The NGO at each site will be the primary catalyser for the targeting exercise, providing a two-way flow of information and influence specific to the particular needs and aptitudes of each PAP/PDP. Specific programs are identified in each RAP. 44. Examples of government programs include the horticulture, dairy, smallholder forestry, sericulture, and other agriculture-based schemes; self-employment schemes under the Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP); the Drought Prone Area Program (DPAP); the Modified Area Development Program; and several artisanal and skill development/training programs. Many of these have adaptive features to cater to the needs of tribals, minorities, and women. Additionally,
2 The averageunirrigated landholding for the R&Rsites is 3.9 acres,but this figure masks a lower modal (t; .iral) landholding,due to the presence of some larger holdingsand their impact on the average. - 176 - Annex 10 Page 15 of 15
focus and specific targeting would be made on those programs catering specifically to the needs of women and tribals. These include for instance, the Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA) scheme, the Integrated Tribal Development Program, Scheduled Caste Development Program, and the Forest Farming for Rural Poor Scheme. Finally, reference may be made to the Fisheries R&R Income Generating Scheme: an innovatory program to be introduced for funding of specific facilities under OWRCP (which, with TNWRCP, would be the first such R&R-related fisheries program in India) described at para 30, and Attachment 6 to this Annex. Reservoirs under the OWRCP's scheme completions will have an attached fisheries development program specifically targeted to project affected persons. Incomes anticipated from fisheries are substantial, as indicated in the attachment, with the added desirable feature that benefits will primarily be to the reservoir-affected persons. 45. Summary of Benefits. Properly implemented, the OWRCP's R&R Action Plan summarized in this Annex and represented in fuller and site-specific detail in the individual scheme- level RAPs (Project File), would enable PAPs and PDPs to have their incomes maintained or enhanced under the project. A large percentage, estimated at over 75 percent would also be direct beneficiaries of the irrigation provided under the project, achieving even higher incremental earnings. The R&R Action Plan also contains special provisions catering to the needs of landless, encroachers, women and tribals (provisions for tribals are developed further in Annex 11). The creation, during project preparation, of a govemment institutional structure for implementing the R&R program, coupled with use of NGOs at each site, has established the capacity for implementing the program, and a permanent institutional capability thereafter. 46. Risks. A potential risk might be lack of govemment commitment during implementation. The major initiatives taken by GOO during the long preparation phase for the R&R Action Plan demonstrate, however, that commitment is strong. Achieved major actions include issuance of the Orissa State R&R Policy with substantially improved entitlements, and creation of the R&R Directorate, both the result of careful considerations and workshops by GOO. That the Directorate is headed by a senior officer (Additional Secretary rank) is also a measure of the importance that Orissa now places on R&R. The program is ready for implementation at all sites and has commenced on most. Over the past three years of OWRCP preparation, clear consensus has developed within GOO that good R&R is an essential concomitant to water sector development. Orissa has large remaining potential for such development, and it is inherently in Orissa's best interests that the social aspects are well-catered for, not only for the primary and well-recognized reason that it is intrinsically right and socially just to do so, but because infrastructure development options are constrained when this aspect is not well handled. Sustained commitment is thus intended by GOO. 47. An important need to safeguard against shortfalls due to possible implementation weaknesses will be that the program is well monitored and regularly evaluated for its impact, so that adjustments and remedial actions can be taken by GOO as needed. This need has been integrated in the R&R Action Plan, which includes both monitoring by the R&R Directorate and use of Independent Consultants (para 36) for regular M&E and special evaluations. S. ATTACHMENTS Attachment I - R&R Action Plan Matrix Attachment 2 - Implementation Schedule Attachment 3 - R&R Institutional Arrangements Attachment 4 - Extent of Land Acquisition Under WRCP Attachment 5 - Number of Project Affected Persons Attachment 6 - Fisheries Income Generating Scheme Attachment 7 - Monitorable Indicators of Progress and Impact - Y77 - Annex 10 Attachment 1 Page lof 12
India
Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project
Resettlement and Rehabilitation Action Plan Matrix
(Summary of Objectives and Action Points)
Overall Objectives:
- Ensure that WRCP project affected persons are restored to their former living standards or better on a sustainable basis.
- Ensure that indigenous peoples do not suffer adverse effects resulting from the project and that they receive culturally compatible social and economic benefits. (Refer also to Indigenous Peoples Development Plan at Annex 11).
Under the WRCP,an additional objective is to establish an institutional and procedural capacity for any future land acquisition, resettlement and economic rehabilitation in the water resources sector, thus providing benefits beyond the specific needs of the WRCP.
Overall Actions:
- Establish a complete institutional structure within the Department of Water Resources to handle Land Acquisition. Resettlement and Economic Rehabilitation. (completed)
- Includes creation of a government structure at the Department, District, Project and field levels, with staff, equipment, training and technical assistance, coordination mechanisms and implementation support for NGOs.
- Adjust policies, procedures, and entitlements for PAPs/PDPs (including tribals. landless, tenant farmers and encroachers) to ensure full and fair compensation. prompt and just resettlement, and economic rehabilitation for sustainable welfare and livelihoods. (completed in the new Orissa State Policy issued September 1994 and as further clarified by GOO for encroachers in September 1995.)
- Implement land acquisition. resettlement, economic rehabilitation and indigenous people's action plans at all WRCP project sites. Completed site-specific socio-economic surveys. resettlement, rehabilitation and indigenous people's action plans (finalized for all project sites). To be fully implemented. funded and monitored under the WRCP. - 178 - Annex 10 Attachment I Page 2 of 12
Objectives Actions Under WRCP
(a) Develop the organizational Organizational Structure Established framework for managing land during Project Preparation (refer acquisition and resettlement and organigram at Attachment 3). This rehabilitation. Project to provide comprises an R&R Directorate in adequate resources to implement DOWR, assisted by Negotiation the resettlement and economic Committees and Rehabilitation Advisory rehabilitation action plans (RAPs). Committees at the District Levels, special staff allocated to each project site and use of NGOs for field implementation of site-specific resettlement action plans (RAPs). Summary details are: (i) an R&R Directorate within DOWR headed by a Director of senior rank (Additional Secretary) reporting directly to the Secretary DOWR. The Directorate is responsible for carrying out GOO policies on land acquisition and resettlement and economic rehabilitation for the water resources sector, including planning, coordination, implementation, and monitoring (with evaluation by independent consultants, for contracting with, and overseeing NGO's implementation of the RAPs for each field site, and assisting PAPs in investing in productive assets. (ii) A Purchase Committee chaired by the subproject Resettlement and Rehabilitation officer with members representing the local community and the PAPs concerned will assist PAPs to purchase appropriate lands from private sources in cases where the state is unable to provide land or where the land offered is not acceptable to the PAP on valid grounds. (iii) Project Level Rehabilitation Advisory Committee (RACs) chaired by the Revenue Division Commissioner or the District Collector is responsible for - 179 - Annex 10 Attachment 1 Page 3 of 12
reviewing all aspects of site-specific RAPs to ensure effective implementation, to identify bottlenecks and propose measures to resolve them, to undertake inspection of land earmarked for resettlement colonies, dispense advice for improvement of common facilities at resettlement colonies, resolve PAP grievances related to resettlement and rehabilitation, and safeguard against deterioration of physical and social environment. (iii) PAPs access to courts for redressal of grievances is built into the Land Acquisition Act, but for speedier out-of-court disposal of grievances relating to awards and payment of compensation, PAPs have recourse to local Lok Adalats which are constituted for this specific purpose. (iv) On-Site implementation is under the direction of a Resettlement and Rehabilitation officer/Special Land Acquisition Officer with support from NGOs/Community Workers for field implementation of site-specific RAPs, and assistance to PAPs in obtaining access to existing government poverty alleviation programs.
(b) Community Participation and PAPs including local host communities Integration with Host Population have been integrally involved in the preparation of socio-economic surveys and RAPs. Census survey of PAPs was based on personal contacts and interviews with individuals and families affected, including women, and all categories of landless. Detailed discussions were held with PAPs, individuallyor in groups, to elicit their inputs, particularly with regard to their preference for the type of economic rehabilitation interventions. These have been incorporated in the RAPs. - to0 - Annex10 Attachment1 Page4 of 12
(c) Socio-Economic Survey Detailed baseline socio-economic surveys have been completed for all sites: Badanala, Harabanghi, Hariharjore, Rengali, Upper Jonk, Baghua and Mahanadi-Chitrotpala. The socio- economic surveys covered full inventories of PAPs and their socio- economic profile, household characteristics, full resources base, extent of land loss, and impact of land loss on incomes and on public and social infrastructure. In the case of landless PAPs including landless laborers, encroachers, tenant farmers and sharecroppers, the surveys also included a measurement of impact and extent of lost economic opportunities as a result of the project. The surveys involved PAPs participation and included focus group discussions with PAPs or their representatives, and community leaders.
(d) Legal and Institutional Framework The State uses the Land Acquisition Act of 1984 (LAA) as a basis for determining land compensation. In early 1994, GOO constituted an Inter-Departmental Working Group to review its existing compendium of Government Resolutions governing R&R. The Working Group's primary objective was to prepare a revised R&R policy for the irrigation sector consistent with the requirements of the Bank's ODs on involuntary resettlement and indigenous peoples. The R&R policy took effect on September 1, 1994. The R&R policy provides a legal framework for defining project affected persons, their rights, privileges and entitlements to benefits and remuneration, grievance procedures, involvement of non-governmental organizations and community groups and others, representing project affected - 181 - Annex 10 Attachment 1 Page 5 of 12
persons in all stages of the R&R and economic rehabilitation process. The R&R policy contains a number of provisions for tribals to allow them to retain their previous way of life, ie. providing resettlement sites as close as possible, and similar to their area of displacement. Another felt need was creation of an institutional structure to implement R&R in the water sector. In August 1994, a permanent R&R Directorate was established in the DOWR that would be responsible for carrying out GOO's R&R policy in the water resources sector. In the course of project preparation further institutional strengthening was achieved. The R&R Directorate was fully staffed and Rehabilitation Advisory Committees, and field implementation and on-site arrangements were established.
(e) Alternative Sites and Selection As far as possible, adequate and suitable resettlement colonies are to be situated in the command area of the water resource project to enable project affected persons to benefit from irrigation and as close as possible to the area of displacement and in as similar surroundings as possible where income-earning opportunities exist. Where this is not possible, the project will provide for development of land, where technically feasible, for irrigation facilities (minor, lift pumps), for commercial and other forest-based income opportunities, etc. The R&R policy advocates involvement of project affected persons or their representative, and non-governmental voluntary organizations, in the selection process for resettlement colonies. Initial experience with this approach under the project indicates that R&R is much more satisfactory if the PAPs and PDPs - 182- Annex 10 Attachment 1 Page 6 of 12
themselves, with assistance of NGOs, make these choices.
(f) Valuation and Compensation for Under the Land Acquisition Act the state Lost Assets and Entitlements commits to pay the market price for the (including land-for-land provisions land to be acquired, and, recognizing the and benefits for landless laborers, involuntary nature of land acquisition, tenant farmers, sharecroppers and provides a 30 percent solatium, including encroachers) interest at the prevailing rate in case of delays in payment of compensation for land acquired. The LAA also provides for land-owning PAPs whose land/and or homestead or part thereof have been acquired for the purpose of the project have (personally or through an NGO representing them) the option to request negotiated settlement. If it does not result in a "consent award" then normal land acquisition procedures are followed. Under the R&R policy, land-owning PAPs are also entitled to two other forms of remuneration, namely: Rehabilitation Assistance and Maintenance Allowance. The displaced landless, including landless laborers and sharecroppers, encroachers, and tenant farmers are also entitled to the Rehabilitation Assistance and Maintenance Allowance. Under the Rehabilitation Assistance, there are two options available to PAPs. One option is the provision of productively comparable land for land identified by the PAPs within a specific time frame and well- defined geographic area near the village or in the command. The terms of replacement would be on the basis of one acre of unirrigated land lost to one acre of unirrigated replacement land or one half acre of irrigated replacement land, up to a maximum of two acres of replacement irrigated land or four acres if unirrigated. As a second option, PAPs may elect to receive Rehabilitation Assistance - 183 - Annex 10 Attachment 1 Page 7 of 12
Grants (RAG) of Rs. 20,000 per acre of irrigated land or Rs. 10,000 per acre if unirrigated, for purchase of productive assets. The rehabilitation assistance, which will be adjusted for inflation, will be awarded jointly in favor of the PAPs and his or her spouse. The amount would be deposited in a joint bank account with withdrawal against signatures of the PAP and his or her spouse, the NGO, and the RRO. Withdrawals would be linked to purchase of productive assets, excluding land, such as farm animals, agricultural implements, or for self-employment, or other income- generating activities (e.g. transport, equipment for small business or craft, etc.) These two options are also available to all project affected persons including those affected by partial land acquisition and whose remaining land is deemed uneconomically viable or completely inaccessible. Landless PAPs including landless laborers, tenant farmers, sharecroppers and encroachers who lose their right to cultivate land they are encroaching upon will be provided agricultural land. Where no agricultural land is available, they will be provided wasteland or degraded forest land up to four acres per head of household for commercial plantation with cost of plantation development to be borne by the project. Land cost will be borne by GOO. Encroachers on objectionable lands will be treated as landless PAPs/PDPs under the policy and will be entitled to full R&R benefits. These are spelled out in Appendix I to this matrix. Where the land offered is not acceptable to PAPs on valid grounds, the State will assist PAPs to purchase from the proceeds of their Rehabilitation - 184 - Annex 10 Attachment I Page 8 of 12
Assistance Grant appropriate land from private sources with assistance from a Purchase Committee chaired by the subproject Resettlement and Rehabilitation Officer with members representing the local community and the PAPs concerned. The cost of land will be borne by the project. (government - financed). The State will provide reimbursement of registration fee and stamp duty if replacement land is purchased within three years of receipt of Rehabilitation Assistance Grant. Displaced PAPs choosing either the land-for-land option or the Rehabilitation Assistance Grant option will also be entitled to a supplemental Maintenance allowance of Rs. 500 per month from the date of displacement through a period of one year. For PAPs being provided land in the command area, the maintenance allowance would be extended for two additional years to provide support during the period when water is not available for irrigation. The purpose of the Maintenance Allowance, which would be funded by GOO, would be to compensate for the affected persons' lost earnings during the transition period to meet basic necessities and ensure that the PAPs are not obliged to sell existing family assets pending restoration of earning ability. Displaced PAPs losing their homestead will be entitled to either: 0.2 acres of homestead land or a cash grant of Rs. 20,000 in lieu of homestead land, to be borne by GOO, and Rs. 20,000 home construction allowance funded under the project. Under the WRCP project, PAPs who are still currently in possession of their land, regardless of payment of compensation or rehabilitation assistance, - 185 - Annex 10 Attachment1 Page 9 of 12
are eligible to the R&R assistance provided under the 1994 policy. Tribal PAPs/PDPs will be entitled to the full R&R benefits spelled out in the RAPs, and as described above, as for non-tribal PAPs/PDPs. Based on the socio-economic surveys, special features have been built into the RAPs to cater to the particular socio-cultural and economic needs of tribal PAPs/PDPs. Measures adopted include particular attention to relocation sites, where access to forest land is an important need, and specific features in the RAPs catering to the individual and community needs of tribal families. These include infrastructure facilities based on identified tribal needs, selection of economic rehabilitation activities tailored to the individual needs of each tribal family, selection of government development schemes with a tribal development focus, and selection of NGOs with experience in working with tribals. Additionally, at each project location an Indigenous Peoples Development Plan (IPDP) has been prepared, catering to the additional community and other needs of indigenous peoples (refer IPDP at Annex 11).
(g) Land Tenure, Acquisition and Based on the results of socio-economic Transfer surveys, many landless persons will be affected by the project, among them sharecroppers, encroachers and tenant farmers. As such they will be entitled to rehabilitation assistance either in the form of land or cash grant for purchase of land or creation of productive assets. In addition, landless displaced persons losing their homes will be entitled to homestead land or cash grant in lieu - 186 - Annex 10 Attachment 1 Page 10 of 12
thereof, plus home construction allowance in cash. Landless PAPs, including encroachers, tenant farmers, and sharecroppers, who lose their right to cultivate land they are encroaching upon will be provided agricultural land. Where no agricultural land is available, they will be provided wasteland or degraded forest land up to four acres per head of household for commercial plantation with cost of plantation development to be borne by the project. Land ownership will be recorded jointly in the name of both the PAP and his/her spouse. (Refer para. (f) above.)
(h) Access to Training, Employment NGOs and RROs working with Rural and Credit Development Department and other line departments will assist PAPs in obtaining access to existing government programs (forestry, dairy, extension, etc.) and poverty alleviation schemes. These include, among others, self-employment schemes under the Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP), and various special developmental schemes. The ongoing Shrimp and Fish Culture project will target WRCP PAPs for its fisheries income-generating schemes in Harabanghi and Badanala where the project currently operates, and in the following reservoirs to be included in the ongoing project's expanded scope: Baghua, Upper Jonk, Rengali and Harijharjore.
(i) Shelter, Infrastructure and Social Displaced PAPs have the option to Services resettle in government-sponsored colonies or in resettlement areas of their choice. The object is to complete resettlement way in advance of commencement of impounding of the reservoirs. Thus, preparation of the Annex 10 Attachment1 Page11 of 12
resettlement action plans have been a well-orchestrated effort by DOWR consultants, R&R Directorate Staff and Project Engineers, and Field Resettlement and Rehabilitation Officers with PAPs or their NGO representative. In government-sponsored colonies, the following civic amenities, funded under the project, will be provided: schools, drinking wells, village ponds, community centers, dispensaries, linkage to main or all-weather roads, and electrification. Strengthening of infrastructure near or around resettlement colonies to cater for the needs of host population will also be provided and funded. Displaced PAPs opting to resettle in areas of their choice in groups or clusters would be provided with drinking water wells, tubewells, and tanks, at the minimum, funded under the project, and other amenities identified in the socio- economic surveys and by the NGOs. In both cases strengthening of infrastructure near or around resettlement colonies to cater for the needs of host population and increased demand on existing physical and social infrastructure resulting from the resettlement will be funded under the project.
(j) Environmental Protection and (This topic is comprehensively discussed Management in Annex 12 of the SAR.)
(k) Implementation and Schedule, The R&R Directorate in the DOWR will Monitoring and Evaluation be responsible for maintaining a system of physical and financial reporting to track progress on resettlement and rehabilitation. Resettlement Action Plans for each subproject include an implementation action plan for land acquisition, resettlement and economic rehabilitation activities with clear Annex 10 Attachment 1 Page 12 of 12 linkages with construction schedules. The implementation schedule is at Attachment 2. Arrangements for monitoring of implementation of the RAPs will be developed by the R&R Directorate and carried out during the course of the project supervision. This will be supplemented with independent monitoring and evaluation by independent consultants funded under the project. Such independent monitoring and evaluation will include an assessment of the impact of resettlement and rehabilitation on the livelihood of PAPs, identifying constraints, and recommending corrective actions. Monitorable indicators are shown at Attachment 7. Socio-econornic data obtained in the course of the socio- economic baseline surveys will form the data base for annual and mid-term reviews, as appropriate, and for an impact evaluation study of the project - 189 -
Annex 10 Attachment1 Appendix I Page 1 of 2
INDIA Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project Entitlements for Different Categories of Landless Encroachers (Encroachers on Objectionable Lands)
Case A: Where the person loses his encroached homestead land as well as the encroached agricultural lands used by him, in such a way that he becomes landless or he loses a portion of his only holding and thereby would be compelled to lead an uneconomic living. Treatment as a landless Project Displaced Person (PDP) with entitlements as follows: - provision of 4 acres of unirrigated land or 2 acres of irrigated land (or, alternatively, at PDP's request, provision of rehabilitation assistance) - provision of 0.2 acres of homestead land and building assistance
- provision of maintenance allowance
- access to government programs - access to OWRCP's NGO assistance for economic rehabilitation Case B: Where the person loses his encroached homestead land for the project but not the encroached land cultivated by him. Treatment as a landless Project Affected Person (PAP) for purposes of homestead land acquired: - provision of 4 acres of unirrigated land or 2 acres of irrigated land (or, alternatively, at PDP's request, provision of rehabilitation assistance) - provision of 0.2 acres of homestead land and building assistance
- provision of maintenance allowance
- access to government programs
- access to OWRCP's NGO assistance for economic rehabilitation - 190 -
Annex 10 Attachment I Appendix I Page 2 of 2
Case C: Where the person does not lose his encroached homestead land but loses the cultivated encroached land in such a way that he becomes landless or he loses a portion of his only holding and thereby would be compelled to lead an uneconomic living. Treatment as landless Project Affected Person (PAP) for purposes of cultivated land acquired:
- provision of land equal to the cultivated area actually lost if unirrigated or half the area if irrigated subject to a maximum of 4 acres of uninigated land or 2 acres of irrigated land (or, alternatively, at PAP's request, provision of rehabilitation assistance). The land lost as on September Ist, 1994 (date of inception of R&R policy) will be determined by the baseline survey conducted by the NGO engaged in RAP implementation under the project.
- access to government programs * access to OWRCP's NGO assistance for economic rehabilitation - 191- Attachment 2 Page1 of 2
PatiA. State-LcvellImplern-niarin
1T994/95 __TN95p9+ 1996/97 andonwards Project_Year-I Year ) I rjc er n nad jPro,ject 3 QL12Q2 Q3 I Q .__ndInQards ProjecQYear p
______~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - 41 A Q Q P __L
LAEAulictsityCmain ..
surveys/RAA - -- ,- __ _s_
Approintenof CGnOltatsR
sMafftandi-hNGnpla-s
LARRAPPubiciy _CmpagnlA P
Revgaies-P7 BaghCAmbinedIID inoprtsAlsceelvlIDs A-MtalaaiCitopl PPlannedaoyuaApaias - 192 - Annex 10 Attachment 2 Page 2 of 2
______~~~~|, H I INDIA f ______- 2Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project ______- __ r + ' R&R Implementation Scheodulej I ______i Part B. Scheme Level Implementation 1/_
PY0-1995/96 PYpYI-1996/97 I 1 PY2-1997/98 1994 MONTHS MONHS MONTHS =- ___ 1995AMlIAIS O|N D J F M A A F A J A NDJ F N
A. CONSTRUCTION PROGRAM (Ongoing) TtT__ Headworks Distribution Systems Reservoir Submergence-
B. LAND ACQUISITION Headworks (ha) Canals (ha) W_9ho< Displacement (persons) 2l64s 1164
C. PREPARATIONPHASE t Consultants* uvy A~ _Socio-Economic Surveys -A¢ll-Pl!4 ,Resettlement Action Plans "A l (prepare/finalize) rI IPDP (prepare/finalize) A Appoint Spl. LA/RR Officer A Appoint NGO A
D. IMPLEMENTATION PHASE On-Site Arrangements- T R&R staff appointments - . NGOs A
Baseline Surveys by NGOs j (to firm up PAP Rehab needs)
Publicity campaign Issuance ID Cards to PAPs Estab. Entitle. for PAPs/PDPs - -
Selection of Resettlement Sites
Relocation
E. PROVISION OF ECONOMIC REHABILITATION Land Compensation Maintenance Allowance Provision of Homestead Land ,HomesteadConstruction Asst. Provision of Agric. Land Provide Social Infrastructure OrganizeAnstitute Govemment programs for income generat. Implement income-generation activities Vocational Training
F. MONITORING & EVALUATION Monitoring and Evaluation by I__ R&R Directorate
Monitoring and Evaluation by _ Extemal Consultants |
1/ Scheme Level Implementation Schedules are specific in timing to each scheme. The above refers to Harabangi Scheme. Refer to individual RAPs for other scheme level implementationschedules
A= Actual/Completed Action Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project R&R Institutional Arrangements
Principal Secretary DOWR
R&R Directorate Headquarters Director,Rehabilitation and Resettlement *Addtl.Secretary, DOWR
LA& R&R Unit Socio-EconomicUnit MiMsellaneoussUnit OAS Officer * Anthropologist/ * Asst. Dir. Statistics Joint SecretaryRank Sociologist * Asst. Cons. of Forests
Project Level For each Main Project For each Medium Project Rehabilitation R&ERStaff * Spi. LAO LAO and/or RRO Advisory (Zone Officers) * Deputy LA/RRO Committee RRO * Asst./Jr. Engineer (Zone Officers) Asst__Jr__Engineer (Engr. Staff) (Extension Officers) NGOs at each projectsite
rtn r-t I The project level RchabilitationAdvisory Coitunittie will consist of RcvcinueDivisional Commissioner (for major projects) or n x DistrictCollector (for medium projects), Heads of the Dcpartments otResettlementand Rehabilitation,Forests and Environment, and Tribal Welfare, peoples' representatives, ProjectEngineer, NGO, Lead Bank, Representativesof District Departnents for m o Rural DevelopmentAgriculture, Animal Husbandry,Forest, Soil Conservation,Health and Education. n - 194 -
India Annex 10 Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project Attachment 4 Land to be Acquired under WRCP (in hectares)
Forest Lands Government Lands Private Lands Total
Harabanghi: Headworks 333 188 2 523 Canals 0 0 295 295 Badanala: Headworks 0 0 0 0 Canals 0 131 50 181 Upper Jonk: Headworks 144 273 0 417 Canal 42 125 81 248 Hariharjore: Headworks 870 517 150 1537 Canal 42 120 15 177 Rengali: Headworks 0 0 234 234 Canal 0 0 461 461 Baghua Stage II: Headworks 198 220 39 457 Canal 4 10 135 149 Mahanadi- Chitrotpala: Canal 3 96 337 436
Totals 1636 1680 1799 5115
Source: GOO - 195 -
India Annex 10 Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project Attachment S Number of Project Affected/Displaced Persons
Total PAPs affected Population PDPs to be dis- Population but not to be affected PDPs placed during to be dis- displaced but not Already WRCP Project Total placed 2/ under the to be dis- Displaced 1/ period PDPs under WRCP WRCP 3/ placed 2/3/
Harabanghi 62 164 226 586 1373 6865
Badanala 104 0 104 0 1649 8245
UpperJonk 361 42 403 155 1843 9215
Hariharijore 244 499 743 1624 3406 17030
Rengali 0 803 803 2585 10758 53790
Baghua Stage 11 163 1088 1251 3571 1588 7790
Mahanadi- Chitrotpala 0 0 0 0 10590 52950
Totals 934 2596 3530 8521 31207 155885
I/This includes DPs/PAPs who have already been paid compensation for their land that have been acquired under previous irrigation projects, and also received R&R assistance under the old policy, and are eligible for differential R&R assistance under the new policy.
2/ A PDP ("project displaced person) or PAP ("project affected persons") is as defined, eligible for benefits under the policy (see R&R Annex 10). A PDP or PAP may contain more than one individual in the family or sub-family group.
3/ PAPs under WRCP who will receive compensation (as required) and rehabilitation assistance.
Source: GOO - 196 - Annex 10 Attachment 6 Page 1 of 4
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT R & R Income Generatina Scheme fFisheriesl Obiective
1. The objective of the fisheries sub-component would be to develop freshwater fisheries and aquaculture employment opportunities for some project displaced families (DF) in the vicinity of six reservoirs suitable for fisheries enhancement. The total water area for the six reservoirs that would be developed by the project is 8,835 ha (Table 1). In addition to the direct beneficiaries taking up fish production activities, it is anticipated that others conducting support activities (hatchery operators, feed suppliers, fish traders, ice suppliers, etc.) in the project area would also be indirectly benefited. The fisheries sub-component would be implemented by the Orissa State Project Unit (OSPU) of the India: Shrimp and Fish Culture Project (SFCP) (Cr. 2329). Of the six reservoirs listed in Table 1, the first two had been previously identified to have fisheries developed under the SFCP with the last four proposed for addition to that project's activities.
Table 1. Water Areas Proposed for Development Displaced Direct Beneficiary District Reservoir Area(ha) Households (no.) Households (no.) Gajapati Harabanghi 1,215 160 100 Rayagada Badanala 930 -- 77 Kalahandi Baghua 870 1,093 72 Nawapara Upper Jonk 1,085 42 90 Dhenkanal Rengali 2,890 803 239 Sonepur Hariharjore 1,845 499 153 Total 8 ,835 2,597 730
Fish Production Technoloav
2. The fish production strategy would involve two stages. The first stage would concern the culture of suitably sized fingerlings (12.5 - 15 cm) for stocking the reservoirs, and the second would involve the release and grow-out of fingerlings to market-size (0.5 - 1.5 kg each) fish of several species stocked in a proportion that would optimally exploit the natural feeds available in the reservoirs. The approximate, initial stocking ratio of fish species include catla (Catla catla) stocked at 40%, and rohu (Labeo rohita) and mrigal (Cirrhinus mriaala) stocked at 30%. The catla, rohu, and mrigal are endemic to India and are known as the Indian Major Carp (IMC). All of these species are riverine and do not successfully spawn in still waters which thus requires annual restocking with the seed derived from hatchery produced hatchlings or fry.
3. Finaerlina Rearina. There are three options that could be used for the culture of fingerlings -- pond, pen, or floating cage culture. If suitable ponds (in good condition or needing minor improvements) are available in the vicinity of the reservoirs, it would be best to use these for the culture of fingerlings followed by pens and then cages. If suitable areas (seasonal water depth and appropriate soil conditions) are available, pens would be the next best option. Successful pen culture has been demonstrated in Orissa. If ponds are not available and pens are not feasible, floating cages could be used. Effective cage culture techniques for fingerling production have been developed by the Central Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA) facility in Bangalore. For the project, calculations have been made for the pen culture option for which a technically and - 197 - Annex 10 Attachment 6 Page 2 of 4 cost effective methodology has been developed in Orissa under the SFCP. The investment and operating cost provision could be used for pond improvement (if available) or cage culture (if necessary). The cost for pen construction is about Rs. 44,000/ha divided into average 0.25 ha units, and the annual operational cost is about Rs. 85,000/ha, including all inputs as well as labor. Fry (3-4 cm) of all species (para. 2) are stocked at a density of about 250,000/ha-pen with an estimated survival rate of 50% to 12.5-15 cm size. Approximately 35.2 ha of pens would be required for the 8,835 ha mean reservoir area.
4. Reservoir Fisheries. One production model for reservoir fisheries would be used. For this model, fingerlings would be stocked at a density of 500 per ha with a production target at full development of 80 kg/ha/yr. The annual survival/recovery rates are estimated to be 10% of the number stocked each year. The number of fingerlings required for all six reservoirs each year would be about 4.4 million (165 t), and the total incremental fish production at full development would amount to about 700 t/yr at a value of approximately Rs. 11.2 million. Growth would be the result of the fingerlings consuming natural feeds available in the reservoirs. The types and quantities of fishing gears (i.e. gill nets and fishing boats) to be used would be specified by the OSPU, and a closed fishing season would be enacted for two months following the stocking of fingerlings. Each year's production output, marketed via fish traders at each site, would be evaluated to determine the following year's stocking proportion. Each reservoir has a pre-existing approach road to a landing site in the proximity of the dam. To facilitate marketing, a provision has been provided to construct a 36 square meter, fish landing shed at each reservoir at a cost of approximately Rs.100,000 each.
Number of Potential Beneficiaries
5. Approximately 1 traditional country boat would be required per 30 reservoir area at a cost of about Rs. 7,500/boat. This would amount to a total of 295 boats. If the boats, which usually have two occupants, are shared, approximately 590 households could benefit. In addition, the 35.2 ha fingerling rearing pens, divided into 0.25 ha units, would provide employment for 140 more households with 1 boat provided per 2 households for pen management. The total number of households that could be employed by the sub-component would be 730. As noted in Table 1, the potential employment at some reservoirs exceeds that of the number of DFs and at others there is a shortfall. Should interest exist among other people in the area, or if some DFs where there is a shortfall would be interested in moving to another site, priority would be given to DFs with provision from the resettlement and rehabilitation component for their relocation.
6. The average net income would be about Rs. 5,540 per fishing household per year and about Rs. 2,600 per pen culture household for about 3 months labor. If it is not feasible for 2 DFs to share 1 boat, then the number of beneficiaries would be reduced to 435 households. The beneficiaries would largely be derived from tribal people adversely affected by the project due to resettlement. The OSPU has had success with recruiting, training, and engaging men and women from this social group in reservoir fisheries under the SFCP. Preference for fingerling rearing would be provided to interested women or groups of women from the DFs.
Oraanization and Manaaement
7. The implementation of the fisheries sub-component (reservoirs and pens) would be coordinated by OSPU with the Orissa Department of Fisheries (DOF) and district- level Fish Farmers Development Agencies (FFDA). The reservoirs, with fishing rights transferred to the DOF, would be leased for a period of 10 years to groups (cooperatives) of DFs/fisherfolk who would pay an annual lease fee. The annual - 198 - Annex 10 Attachment 6 Page 3 of 4 lease fees should be set high enough to cover government management costs, including (a) those for technical extension, management, and monitoring of the reservoirs by district DOF officers; and (b) a fee to the Orissa Irrigation Department at the rate of Rs. 2.5/ha/yr for use of the reservoirs. All fees would be collected as a fixed, comprehensive fishing license fee of about Rs.10,000/yr paid by each fisher that would be collected on a quarterly basis by the cooperatives for loan repayment, annual fingerling stocking costs, landing shed maintenance, and other management costs. The license fee could be reduced following the initial loan repayment period. The DF groups would be responsible for rearing and stocking fingerlings and harvesting from the reservoirs. The OSPU would coordinate overall fisheries management including fingerling stocking and fish landings.
8. The OSPU would also involve non-governmental organizations (NGO) working in the project area to assist with the identification and organization of groups of DFs that would lease and manage the fishery in the reservoirs. The NGOs would also assist the beneficiaries with establishing savings accounts to cover the closed fishing season, expenditures required for fishing license fees, replacement costs for boats, nets, pens, and for fingerling production costs. Fees paid for NGO services would be derived from "Technical Assistance and Training' (Table 2) which includes Rs. 1,000/DF/yr for the first 4 years at each reservoir.
Technical Assistance
9. In addition to the training provided to the beneficiaries by the Fisheries Department's District Fisheries Office staffs and the NGOs under the direction of the OSPU, domestic training (i.e. by CIFA and a management institute) would be provided for the involved Fisheries Officers and NGO staff in technical, organizational, and managerial aspects of reservoir fisheries development. The funds for this training would also be derived from that allocated for "Technical Assistance and Training.,
Phasina
10. It is anticipated that fisheries activities at each reservoir would be initiated upon completion of their construction once filled with water after the next fish spawning season. Table 2 has been organized on the basis of all fisheries activities beginning in the same year.
Prolect Cost and Financina
11. Table 2 provides investment, operating costs, and financing requirements for the sub-component. All costs for the first 4 years would be financed by the IDA credit for the SFCP with a cost estimate of Rs. 23 million (US$719,000) with estimated physical (10%) but without price contingencies for the 8,835 ha reservoir area. The investment and working capital loans at an interest rate of about 14%/year would be arranged via a tripartite agreement between a Fishers' Cooperative or individual fishers in the case of nets and boats, a participation bank, the Orissa DOF, and an NGO as has been followed for reservoirs under the SFCP. There would be a two-year grace period with the respective interest charges capitalized. - 199 - Annex 10 INDIA Attachment 6 Page 4 of 4 Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project Table 2. Estimated Financial Rate of Return, NPV, and Cash Flow of Proposed Fisheries Component for Six Reservoirs (Rs. 000.) Before Iltem\Year Project 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Revenue Fish (t) 1/ 88 350 525 700 700 700 700 Income (Rs.16/kg) 1,414 5,600 8,400 11,200 11,200 11,200 11,200
Investment Costs Pens (5.5 ha total) 1,408 1,408 Fishing nets 2/ 738 1,475 1,475 Fishing boats 3/ 445 1,050 1,950 1,050 Landing sheds (Rs.J00,000 each) 600 TechnicalAssistance and Training 4/ 730 730 730 730 TotalBase 1,183 3,188 730 4,755 730 1,408 1,050 PhysicalContingencies(10%) 118 319 73 476 73 141 105 Total 1,301 3,507 803 5,231 803 1,549 1,155 Operating Costs Fingerling culture costs 5/ 2,992 2,992 2,992 2,992 2,992 2,992 2,992 2,992 DOF Management 6/ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Irri. Department Royalty (Rs. 2.5/ha) 7/ 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Fishers Cooperative Management 8/ 44 35 35 35 53 70 70 70 70 Fishing labor (Rs.8/kg-fish caught) 9/ 707 Total 46 3,129 3,129 3,129 3,146 3,164 3,164 3,164 3,164
Net Revenue 66 (6,635) (3,932) (2,759) 4,451 6,488 8,036 6,881 8,036 Incremental Net Revenue (6,702) (3,998) (2,825) 4,385 6,421 7,970 6,815 7,970 Financing of Investment and Working Capital World Bank (90%) 5,972 3,538 7,523 3,554 Government of India (10% at 14%/yr for 7 years) 664 393 836 395 Total 6,635 3,932 8,359 3,949
Debt Servicing Local Bank (14%-interest/yr for 7 years) 10/ 4,975 5,990 5,990 5,990 5,990 5,990
Net Annual Cash Flow 66 66 67 625 2,410 497 2,046 891 2,046 Cummulatlve Cash Flow 66 66 133 758 3,168 3,665 5,711 6,602 8,648 FIRR (15year) 32% NPV (Dbcount Rate = 12%) 19,057
1. Based on a total area of 8,835 ha for six reservoirs. 2. 20 kg/boat at Rs. 250/kg with useful life of 2 years. 3. Boats with 5-yr useful life 0 Rs.7,000each for two people each. PYI with 140 boats for pen management. 4. Estimate (Rs.1000/PA household/yr) requires breakdown for technical (DOF) and 0 & M (NGO) aspects. 5. Based on recent experience with pen culture in Orissa and includes labor. 6. Licence fee estimate in part to include cost of extension by Orissa Fisheries Department and NGO. 7. Charges to irrigation department for use of reservoir. 8. Flat fee estimate for fisherfolk group management based on Rs. 0.1/kg fish production. 9. Half of catch turned over to DOF to pay for stocking, technical and mangemenL 10. Repayment over 7 years with grace period and interest capitalized for first 2 years. - 200 -
Annex 10 Attachment 7 Page I of 2
INDIA Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project Resettlement and Rehabilitation
Monitorable Indicators of Progress and Impact'
A. PHYSICAL
- No. of villages affected - No. of families by type of effect - Acquisition of properties by each PAP - No. of families resettled - No. of resettlement sites and no. of families relocated/settled - Infrastructural development in each site - No. of families by type of settlement land-based, self-employment, job, etc. - No. of training program organized-by type and no of PAPs trained B. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL
- Trends in land market - Entitlements provided to PAPs-land, cash - Use of rehabilitation assistance - Families purchasing land and extent of land purchased - Extent of land operated and cropping pattern - Crop yield farm income - No. of families covered under various development programs and type and level of assistance extended - Sources and levels of family income - Consumption levels and changes in consumption habits
- Area and type of house and facilities - Morbidity and Mortality Rates - Relationship between DPs and host communities - Women's time disposition C. GRIEVANCES No. of Rehabilitation Advisory Committee meetings No. of village level meetings
Monitoring and Evaluation by the R&R Directorate will cover all areas above supplemented by consultant surveys for the economic and social impact indicators. The Independent Monitoring and Evaluation Consultants will review all aspects and, in particular, provide independent assessment of the standard of living and sustainability of PAPsIPDPs. - 201 -
Annex 10 Attachment 7 Page 2 of 2
- No. of field visits by Resettlement/RehabilitationOfficers (R/RO) - No. of cases disposed by R/RO to the satisfaction of PAP - Cases of land acquisition cases referred to court, pending, and settled D. FINANCIAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
- Compensation for properties acquired - Rehabilitation grants - Maintenance grants - Expenditure on training - Cost of infrastructural development
- Establishment costs - staff positions/staff salaries - availability and use of office equipment - use of vehicles and maintenance - operational office expenses
- iExpensesincurred in engaging NGOs and M&E agencies
- Inspection/Auditing of NGO accounts
- Miscellaneous - 202 - Annex 11 Page I of 18
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCESCONSOLIDATION PROJECT
INDIGENOUSPEOPLES DEVELOPMENTPLAN
Introduction
1. In the State of Orissa, the tribal populationis 7.0 million, equal to 22.2 % of the total population, as per the census of 1991. The state has the third largest tribal populationin India amountingto 11% of the total tribal populationin India categorizedas Scheduled Tribes (ST). The tribals mostly inhabitthe western hillyregions of the state, mainlyin or in close proximityto forests. More than 50% of Orissa's tribal populationis found in the districts of Koraput, Sundergarh,and Mayurbhanj. Koraput alone has 25% of the tribal populationin the state.
2. Tribals in Orissa, and elsewhere in India, have historicallybeen dependent upon forests, as collectors of forest produce, hunters or as podu (shifting) cultivators,and have built up a mutually symbioticrelationship. The bulk of tribals in India are now settled agriculturalists. Only around 12% can be defined as purely shifting cultivators.In isolated pockets in South India one finds small band societies of food gatherers and hunters completelydependent on forests for their survival. Past governmentpolicies based on revenue earning and regulatoryapproaches have endangeredtribal way of life by restricting access to forests. At the same time, governmentpolicies have failed to protect reserve forests from uncontrolledexploitation and degradation.
3. With forests disappearingin Orissa over the last decades, for reasons outside the control of tribals, it is no longer possible for tribals to rely exclusivelyon forests for their livelihood. Settled agriculture, and wage labour in particular, are occupationsof increasingimportance. At present, the majority of tribals in Orissa sustain their livelihoodby a combinationof podu cultivation,collection of forest produce, settled agriculture and wage labour, with the two latter occupationalcategories gaining importance.Urban migrationis on a gradual increase,although still of limited significancewith only 5.1% of tribals livingin urban areas. In areas previouslyexclusively inhabited by tribals, general castes are now entering as settled agriculturalists. With entidementsand access to natural resources being increasinglycurtailed, the tribals of Orissa find themselvesin a downward spiral of impoverishment.
IndigenousPeople and the Orissa Water Resources ConsolidationProject
4. Orissa's future economic developmentand social welfare requires better managementof existing water resources, particularlyfor irrigation,the largest user of water. The project's primary objective is to improve the planning,management and developmentprocess for the state's water resources. The project'simmediate objectiveis to increase agriculturalproductivity through improvementof existingirrigation schemes and completionof viable incompleteschemes.
5. The beneficiariesof the project are farmers in the irrigatedcommand areas to be completed or rehabilitated. In additionto infrastructuralimprovements, the project aims at enhancingirrigation performance through participatoryarrangements and turnover of irrigationmanagement to farmers. By - 203 -
Annex 11 Page 2 of 18 definition it will reach tribal cultivatorsin the irrigated commandareas to be rehabilitated. It is assumed that they stand to benefit from the project on terms equal those of non-tribalfarmers. The project will address the specificsituation of tribals in these commandareas through the Farmer Organization and Tumover (FOT) component.
6. Special care will be taken to ensure that implementationof activitiesin sub-projects to be completed does not create adverse effects for tribals who are not immediatebeneficiaries of improved irrigationfacilities. The project will ensure that they receive culturallycompatible economicand social benefits which will allow them to maintainor improve their standard of living. The project will also support informed participationand empowermentamong tribals to sustain project induced benefits beyond the project period.
7. An IndigenousPeoples DevelopmentPlan (IPDP) has been prepared in accordance with the Bank's Operational Directive4.20. As part of preparation of the IPDP, a comprehensivesocio- economicstudy was carried out in all the sub-projectareas with a tribal population.The purpose of the study was to determine the present situationin the tribal communitiesvis-a-vis access to natural resources, land tenure, employment,farmer organization,women and gender relations, and poverty in general. The study applied several participatorytechniques, such as ParticipatoryRural Appraisal and Focus Group Discussions,to anticipateand assess the impact of the project on tribals, their felt needs, and to suggest mitigationand communitydevelopment activities to be carried out accordingto specific plans in each sub-project. Accordingly, support activitiesto improve tribal's environmentand standard of living,based on their own participation,were developed. The organizationalset-up for the implementationof the IPDP was prepared based on an assessment of the current institutional arrangementsfor tribal developmentprograms.
8. The IPDP supplements other project activitiesand GOO's ongoing developmentprograms for tribals. It contains mitigationmeasures for tribals negativelyaffected by the project through loss of land and livelihood, as well as communitydevelopment activities for those tribals, who are indirectly or marginally affected,to enhancethe likelypositive impact of project activities. The Plan supports activitiesadapted to the needs and environmentof tribal communities. It is expected to facilitatetheir participationon an informed basis, and early handoverof managementof project activitiesto them. Implementationarrangements will build on the existinginstitutions and communitygroups. NGOs will play a key role in coordinationand liaisonbetween communitiesand the governmentdelivery system. Training and capacity buildingof tribal communities,NGOs and governmentis given high priority.
9. The IPDP will be implementedin six sub-projectsto be completed under OWRCP: Badanalla; Harihajore; Harabhangi; Upper Jonk; Rengali; and Baghua. The target group includes: tribals living within a 5 km radius of the reservoirareas; tribals living inside the commandareas; and tribal communitieswithin a 2 km radius of the commandareas. The seventh sub-project, Mahanadi- Chitrotpala, located in the eastem coastal part of Orissa, is not included in the Plan since the tribal population is only 55 (11 households),equal to 0.1% of the total populationin the sub-project area.
Background of Tribal People in the IPDP Project Areas
10. There are 62 communitieslisted as ScheduledTribes (ST) in Orissa under the provision of the Indian Constitution. More than 80% of them live in designatedscheduled areas. There are 22 tribal groups in the six IPDP sub-projectareas. Out of these, five are in the categoryof major tribes. The - 204 - Annex 11 Page 3 of 18 total tribal populationin the six sub-projectsis 56,808 persons. The three sub-projectsof Harabhangi, Badanala, and Upper Jonk have the largest concentrationsof tribal population.The Khond, Gond and Saura are by far the largest tribal groups in the IPDP project areas.
Table 1. Tribal Populationin the IPDP Sub-Proiects
Sub-Project Major Tribes Population % of Total ('000)
Harabhangi Kondh, Saura, Sudha Saura 4.298 26%
Badanala Sabara, Saura,Kondh, Gond 25.310 48%
Upper Jonk Gond, Saura, Sahara, Kondh 12.237 36%
Harihajore Gond, Mirdha, Ghasi, Khond, 3.303 9% Saura, Sahara
Rengali Kondh, Sahara, Sabara, Munda 9.362 10%
Baghua Kondh, Sauntia, Lodha 2.298 45%
11. The Kondh populationin Orissa is about 1 million (1981). It is the largest tribal group in the state, constituting 17.5 % of the total ST populationin the state. Kondhs are subdivided into a number of endogamousgroups: Dongria Kondh; Kutia Kondh; Malua Kondh; Pengo Kondh; and Desia Kondh. The Gond constitute about 10% of the tribal population. They are divided into two different groups: the Hinduized and Oriya speaking Gonds in Sundergarh,Sambalpur, Bolangir and parts of Kalahandi districts, and the more traditionaland Gundi (Dravidian)speaking Gonds of Koraput and part of Kalahandi districts. The Saora is the oldest known tribe in Orissa. They live imall districts of the state and constitute about 6% of the total tribal population.Some have convertedto Christianity. There is a high concentrationof Saoras in Ganjam and Koraput districts,particularly in Paralekimrundi- and Gunupur subdivisionsforming a contiguoustract of "Saora land",part of which is within the OWRCP project areas of Harabhangi and Badanalla.
12. Tribal Communities: The tribal populationin Orissa is among the poorest, most vulnerable and exploited groups in the state. Most tribal communitiesare confinedto the more hilly and remote areas of the state. These areas have been the habitat for some tribes for centuries, whereas others have been slowly driven out of the more fertile plains by non-tribalsin more recent times. Historically,tribals have had a lifestylecharacterized by close dependencyon the forests for pgdu cultivation,collection of forest produce and hunting. Concepts of money management,savings and planninghave traditionally not been of major importance,although the highly developedmixed cropping strategies in podu cultivationwitness consciousstrategies of risk-aversionand ecologicaladaption. The average literacy rate among tribals is 22% (about 10% for tribal women), much lower than the state average of 41%. Matemal, child and infant mortalityrates are extremely high among tribal communities.
13. Tribals have never lived in total isolationfrom the surrounding society. During feudal times, many tribal communitieswere integrated as subjects, tenants and, in a few cases, even warriors under - 205 - Annex 11 Page 4 of 18 the smaller rulers and zamindars. The relationshipwas one between patron and client. Although it contained a good amount of exploitationof tribals through taxation in kind, it did not challengethe social and cultural integrityof the various tribal communities.In fact, the rulers and zamindars depended on the tribal communitiesfor territorialcontrol, access to forest produce, taxation and defense. With the abolitionof the zamindari system, and its feudal arrangements,tribals became the immediate subjects and tenants under the state. As such tribal communitieshave lost the feudal patronage and became exposed to non-tribalinfringement on their customary rights to land and forests. However, a number of national and state level legislativemeasures since Independencehave been enacted to protect the traditionalentitlements of tribals.
14. Land tenure. The livelihoodand survivalof tribals largely rests on their access to land and forests. The legal status of tribal land is at times complex,and takes many differentforms. Tenure may be in the form of individualownership based on legal rights (pattarvoti rights). It may constitute usufructuary rights (i.e. right to collect fruits, leaves, waste wood and timber, etc.) to common property lands, usually set aside for grazing or orchards. In additionto these two categories of tenure, tribals cultivate a considerableamount of so-called encroachedland Encroachedland is divided into two categories: govemment land not yet surveyedand settled. Such land is also labelled "non- objectionable"govemment land which is mainly cultivablewaste (Abada Yogva Anabadi). Podu (shifting) cultivationis often carried out on cultivablewaste or other categoryforest land on hill slopes. However, podu is not allowed on reserve forest land, except at the discretionof the Forest Settlement Officer. The law entitlesownership (patta) to tribals who have cultivatednon-objectionable govemment land continuouslyfor at least 12 years. Another categoryof encroachedland is labelled "objectionable",and include e.g. land set aside by governmentfor developmentpurposes, gochar (communitygrazing) land, orchard land, and other land for public use.
15. Tribal Economy: The tribal economyis primarilysubsistence orientedand based upon a combinationof agriculture, forestryand wage labour. Althoughtribals are mainly dependenton agriculture, collectionof forests continueto play a major role in householdconsumption and income generation. But the dependenceof tribals on forest resources varies from area to area In some areas with serious deforestation,such as Koraput district, collectionof forest produce is now of declining importancefor the tribal economy. In other areas, typically in the interiorvalleys of dense forests, cash earnings from non-timberforest produce such as sal and tendu leafs (for plates and bidis) is still of some importancefor the household economy. The general pattem is that there is more dependenceon forests among the podu cultivators,pastoralists and hunter-gatherers,and least among the settled agriculturalists.
16. With the decline in output from forest produce, as well as podu cultivation,tribals are increasinglybecoming dependenton seasonal wage labour, both as agniculturaland unskilled constructionworkers. Tribals are usuallypaid the minimumdaily wage of Rs 25 (fixed by govemment), although there is evidenceof tribal women being paid less than that. Althoughdifficult to establish in monetaryterms, the incomeof most tribal households is substantially lower (4-5.000 Rs annual income) than the officialpoverty line of Rs I 1.000.
17. Natural Resources and Agriculture: Forests are considered commonproperty by tribal communitiesand are shared equally. Tribals have a strong sense of attachmentto the forest as their ancestral territory. They maintainde facto usufructuaryrights to the forests products and to podu cultivationin certain designatedzones on hill slopes, irrespectiveof the legal status of the land/forest. - 206 - Annex I I Page 5 of 18
However, tribals do not usually practise podu in forests declared as Reserve Forests and their collectionof forest produce is restricted. Apart from firewoodand wood for house construction,the other major forest products upon whichtribals are dependent,are honey,tendu and sal leafs, mahula (madhuca indica), tola (oil seeds). As an example of communityforest management,tendu trees are pruned by the entire village and leaves collectedby individualsare sold to the Forest Department or in the local markets.
18. Both podu and settled agricultureis characterized by poor soil quality,traditional technology, crop rotation, and fallow periods. Apart from indigenoussystems of terracing and check dams (munda) in the up-hillareas, tribals have little access to governmentsponsored irrigationschemes. Most settled agriculture is carried out on the lower hill slopes which are usuallynot includedin the larger irrigationschemes. Agriculturalpractices are characterized by rain-fed annual cropping, both on settled agriculturalland and podu land on the higher hill slopes. The common annual food crops are millet,sorghum, maize and pulses.
19. Hill slopes suitable for podu cultivationare usually defined as common property of a particular village community, and the boundariesof the particular area is well defined in relationto neighbouring areas cultivatedby other villages. The individualhouseholds cultivation on the podu land have usufructuary rights. The area cultivatedby a householddepends on a mixture of the followingfactors: (i) availablehousehold work force; (ii) status in the community; and (iii) mutual agreement between household,often govemed by the village elders or leader(s). There is a clear, and unequal, gender division of labour in podu cultivation,with men doing the land clearing and women doing all other agriculturaloperations. A householdtypically cultivates more than one small patch of land at a time. When soil fertilityis reduced, the cultivator shiftsto another area. The ideal regenerationperiod for the land is 10-12 years, but with increasingpressure on land cultivatorsnow usually return to the same plot after only two to three years. In some cases cultivationeven becomes permanent, resulting in soil degradationand very low productivity.
20. Social Organization: Most tribal villagesin the project areas consist of compact settlements with close-knitand lineage based communitieslocated near or inside the forest. The habitationpattem itself reflects the strong social organizationin most tribal communities. Village leaders and elders, sometimesformally organized in traditionalvillage councils,are quite powerful in terms of intemal cohesionand jurisdiction. This leadershipcoexist with the statutory panchayats,but since a panchayat usually covers more than one village, authorityin each tribal village is still vested in the traditional tribal leaders. When a traditionalvillage leader is also sarpanch and member of a panchayat, this usually means mere prestige for the village and the possibilityof access to extemal resources for local development.
21. Status of Women: Tribal women play a more vital role for household affairs and the economic survivalof families,than non-tribalwomen. Tribal women contributethe major part of the labour required for agriculture and collectionof forest produce. In additionthey take up wage labour whenever available. In extreme cases, observed in the Harabhangi project area, tribal women even work night shifts in canal and tunnel excavationfor the irrigationproject. Women are usually paid less than men for the same labour time. In social and householdmatters, the status of tribal women is generally higher that of non-tribals. They are often viewed by outsiders as "strong" and "independent". But their relative "freedom",and visibilityfar away from villages,is tied to a very heavy work burden, and they usually have littleinfluence on village level decision making. - 207 - Annex 11 Page 6 of 18
Legal Framework
22. National level leeislationfor Scheduled Tribes in India. Scheduled Tribes of India are conceived as one of the weaker sections of the Indian population. The Constitutionof India provides an elaborate framework for the socio-economicdevelopment of Scheduled Tribes and for preventing their exploitationby other groups of the society. The three-prongedframework include: (a) goals and objectives are set out in Article 46; (b) legislativeand protective frameworkin Schedule; and (c) financial support in Article 275.
23. The Directive Principles of State Policy (Article46) directs the state to "promote with special care the educationaland economicinterest of the weaker sections of the people and in particular, of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and shall protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation".In article 41, the state is required to make effective provisions"for securing the right to work, to education and to public assistance in cases of unemployment,old age, sickness and disablement,and in cases of undeservedwant". Involuntary resettlementof tribal populationfrom originalhabitat, would constitutean "undeservedwant".
24. The FundamentalRights of the Constitution are applicableto all Indian people, and ensures equalitybefore the law (Article 14), prohibitsthe state to discriminateon grounds of religion,race, caste, sex or place of birth (Article 15), ensures equal opportunityof public employment(Article 16), abolished "untouchability",ensures freedom of speech and movement,etc. Both the Fundamental Rights and the DirectivePrinciples of State Policy apply to all peoples of India. However, the Constitutionalso provides specificprovisions for protection of the weaker sections from exploitation, and ensures that they can availof educationaland employmentopportunities. These special provisions are characterized sometimesas CompensatoryPrivileges, ProtectiveDiscrimination or Affirmative Action. Article 342 deals with mechanismof schedulingtribes by the President of India in consultation with the Govemor of the State, i.e. Govemmentof India in consultationwith the State Govenmment. The Constitutionmakes a distinctionbetween the tribal people to be administeredin Scheduled Areas and those to be administeredin Tribal Areas under the Sixth Schedule (North-EastemStates).
25. Schedulingin Orissa comes under the Fifth Schedule,which provides for:
(a) An annual report to be presented by the Govemorof the State to the President of India regarding the administrationof scheduled areas in that state, and the right of the Union Govemmentto give directionsto the states as to the administrationof the area.
(b) The establishmentof a Tribes AdvisoryCouncil at the state level to advise on matters such as the welfare and advancementof Scheduled Tribes that may be referred to them by the Govemor.
(c) The right of the Govemor to direct that any Act of Parliamentor of the State Legislature may not apply to the scheduledarea or any part thereof or could apply with modificationsas noticed.
(d) Framing regulationsprohibiting or restrictingthe transfer of land by or among members of STs in the area. - 208 - Annex 11 Page 7 of 18
(e) Framing regulationsto regulate money lenders to STs.
26. Article 275 provides for grants to be made to States by the Union Governmentto enable them to meet the cost of Government-approvedschemes to promote the welfare of STs or to raise the level of administrationof scheduled areas in the State. Besides the above, Article330, 332 and 243-D provides for reservation of seats in the House of the people and in the LegislativeAssemblies of the States and in local elected bodies (Panchayat).Article 164 makes a special provisionfor a Minister in charge of Tribal Welfare in Bihar, Orissa and Madhya Pradesh.
27. State Level Legislation in Orissa. Under the powers vested under the Fifth Schedule, the followingregulations have been promulgatedin the State of Orissa:
(a) The Orissa ScheduledAreas Transfer of Immovable Property (by Scheduled Tribes) Regulation, 1956, as amended in 1993. Under Section 3 (1) alienation of tribal land to other than ST is prohibited,unless pernitted in writing by competent authority.Under Sections 3(2) and 3(a), illegal alienationand unauthorizedoccupied tribal land shall be restores to the tribal owners. The competent authority,now vested with the Tahsildar,has been authorized to initiate proceedings on applicationby any interestedparty and to evict unauthorised persons occupying tribal land. In addition,Officers on SpecialDuty (Land Reforms) have been posted at Sundargarh,Panposh, Balliguda,Parlekhemundi and Koraput exclusivelyfor disposal of such land alienationcases.
(b) The Orissa Scheduled Areas Money lender's Regulation 1967 for controlling and regulatingmoney lending operative in scheduled areas. Besides these two Regulations,specifically enacted by the Tribes AdvisoryCouncil, the following Acts of Orissa State have been made operative in scheduled areas:
(c) The Orissa Debt Relief Act, 1980 provides relief to ST debtors, by making the loans contractedby small farrners, rural artisans and agriculturallabourers before the commencementof the Act as deemed to have been whollydischarged. The properties pledged by a ST debtor shall be released in favour of the debtor forthwithon commencementof the Act. The civil Courts have been barred from entertainingany suit or proceedingsin debt recovery.For this purpose, Sub- Collectorsand Tahsildarshave been empoweredto dispose of cases as Judicial Magistrates in summary trial.
(d) The Bonded labour System AbolitionAct, 1976 aims at liberating and rehabilitatingbonded labourers among the ST.
(e) The Orissa Land Reforms Act, 1960 (section 22 and 23) apply to the ST populationliving outside the scheduledareas and protects them from land alienation. No tribal land can be transferredto a person not belongingto the same communitywithout the written permissionof the Revenue Officer. (About 45% of the area of the state is declared as scheduled area with 62 differenttribal groups.) - 209 - Annex 11 Page 8of18
(f) The Orissa Reservationof Vacancies in Posts and Services (for SC (Scheduled Caste) and ST) Act, 1975 makes provisionof reservationof posts for SC (16.25%) and STs (22.50%) for initialappointments and promotionsin State Governmentand other authoritiesunder their control. The amended Section 4 of the Act reserves one third of posts in Class II, m and IV for women in direct recruitmentfrom these scheduled categories.
Existing Tribal DevelopmentAdministration
28. The Departmentof Welfare, headed by a Minister of State, is responsiblefor the development and welfare of Scheduled Tribes, ScheduledCastes and Other Backward Classes. Administrativelyit is headed by the Commissioner-cum-secretaryof the Department,under whom three Directors-cum- AdditionalSecretaries are heading the wings of the departmentfor the developmentof each of the above groups.
29. As stipulated in the Fifth Schedule of the Constitution,a Tribes Advisory Councilhas been existingin Orissa since 1950. The Orissa Tribes AdvisoryCouncil Rules of 1950 guide the functioningof the Council. The councilhas up to 20 members, of whom three fourths are Scheduled Tribal Members of the State LegislativeAssembly. The Chief Minister is the Chairman,the Minister of State the Vice-Chairman,and the Secretaryof the Department of Welfare is the Secretary.The Tribes Advisory Counciladvises GOO in all matters regarding tribal development and welfare. The councilwill examine the applicabilityof State and Central laws to the Scheduled Areas, delineatethe boundary of the Scheduled areas, recommendnew regulationsor propose revisionsof the Schedule of the Scheduled Tribes.
30. Scheduled Areas constitutemore than 44% of Orissa. They cover 67 per cent of the tribal population(118 Blocks in 12 Districts). All Blocks with a tribal populationof 50 per cent or more are defined as Scheduled Areas, and constitute a Tribal Sub-Plan(TSP) area. A TSP receives funds specially allocatedfor tribal developmentfrom all departments,and is administeredby the district level Integrated Tribal DevelopmentAgency (ITDA). Each IntegratedTribal DevelopmentProject under the ITDA is headed by a full-timeProject Administratorwho reports to a Project Level Committee,a sub- project under the District Welfare Committees(with the District Collector as Chairman and the District Welfare Officer as Secretary). The District Welfare Committeereviews the implementationof tribal projects. At the Block level, the Welfare ExtensionOfficer and the Block DevelopmentOfficer (BDO), execute the various tribal projects withinthe Block, and are responsiblefor residential schools for tribals.
31. In Blocks outside the TSP, where a populationpocket is 10,000 or more, and where 50% or more are tribals, the Modified Area DevelopmentApproach (MADA) is adopted to ensure the developmentand welfare of scheduled tribes. 47 Blocks in Orissa are covered by MADA. In still smaller pockets of tribal concentration(population of 5,000 of which minimum 50% are tribals are covered under the cluster approach. Presently 12 Blocks have identifiedsuch clusters. Besides these comprehensiveprograms, there are several other projects (e.g. 13 Micro Projects) assisting scheduled tribes in securing rights, maintainingtraditions and improve the socio-economicconditions. - 210 - Annex 11 Page 9 of 18
Effects of the OWRCP on IndigenousPeoples
32. As in the case of other large irrigationprojects in India, tribals in this project area are also affected since their traditionalhabitat is in the hills, where dams and reservoirsare located. Tribals are immediatelyaffected by the project by submergenceof their agriculturallands, forests, roads and pathways,village infrastructureand individualhomesteads as reservoirs build. The project is responsiblefor the R&R of tribals as PAPs from the submerged areas accordingto GOO's R&R policy. Tribals within a radius of 5 km of the reservoir are also affected in a number of ways, directly or indirectly.
33. In the downstreamcommand areas, the project will affect tribals directly by land acquisition for canal construction,for which tribals are compensatedaccording to the R&R policy. In one sub- project, Haribhangi,tribals are also affected by major land acquisitionfor the conveyancesystem (canal and tunnel) from the reservoir to the commandarea over a distanceof 8 km. Dependingon the land tenure situation,tribal cultivators within the irrigated command areas are assumed to benefit from irrigation facilitieson terms equal to those of non-tribals. However, some changes in access or ownership to land coming under irrigation,in favourof non-tribals, may occur. This will be monitored closely by the IPDP project (see below).
Objectivesof the IPDP
34. The overall objective of the IPDP is to secure developmentopportunities, and means and mechanismsto access such opporaunities,for the WRCP affected tribal populationtaking into account their particular vulnerable and marginalizedstatus. The IPDP does not only mitigatenegative effects of infrastructureworks (reservoirsand canals) resulting in submergenceand loss of tribal peoples land and assets. Project affected tribal people thereforeinclude: (i) all tribal people negativelyaffected by the loss of natural resources (land, forests) andlor communityassets essential to the well being of that community; (ii) all tribal people living withinor adjacentto the irrigated commandareas who will be directlyor indirectly affected (positivelyor negatively).
35 The specific objectives include:
(a) implementationof mitigationactivities (community assets/infrastructure) in response to negative effects of the OWRCP;
(b) implementationof communitydevelopment activities which will support and strengthen the economic and social status of tribals, their access and control over their natural resources,and improvethe productivityof tribal agriculturalland and forests in a sustainablemanner;
(c) empower tribals through capacity buildingof existingtribal institutions,tribal women's group and tribal leadership.
LmplementationStrategy for the IPDP
36. The target group for implementationof the IPDP will be tribal communitiesdefined as independent villagesor hamlets (habitations),and tribal neighbourhoods(sahi) within larger rmixed - 211 - Annex 11 Page 10of 18 community/castevillages. In all-tribalvillages the target group will be the communityas a whole. In the case of mnixedvillages, the strategy will have a poverty focus benefittingall the weaker communities(e.g. also SCs). Infrastructuralimprovements, such as schools and public health facilities, will be designed and planned for accordingly. However, activitieswill address the particular vulnerablesituation of tribals; e.g. land rights, literacy,health care, capacity buildingand empowerment. Such activitieswill be given priority and safeguardedthrough the innovativeNGO approach of the IPDP.
37. NGOs will have a key role in the IPDP project as intermediariesbetween tribals and government. NGO presence is considered the most important prerequisitefor successfulplanning, implementationand turnover of project assets, activitiesand results to tribals own management towards the end of the five year project period. The choiceof involvingNGOs and giving them a central role in IPDP implementationis generallyjustified as a supplementto govemment efforts which may not always have the capacityto reach all tribal communitiesin an area. NGOs will be the project's direct link with the tribal communitiesto facilitate their active participationin implementation and to support capacity buildingand empowermentof tribals.
38. There are many positiveexperiences with NGOs supplementinggovernment's development efforts. A recent case in point is NGO involvementin the R&R componentof the OWRCP in Harabhangi and Badanalla reservoirareas. In the two reservoirareas, local NGOs with the right credibilityand commitmentare buildingup a relationshipof trust and cooperationwith tribal communities. This will form the basis for assistance to R&R based on respect for the needs and concems expressed by tribals themselves. These experiences are of immediaterelevance for the NGO approach of the IPDP. In these particular areas the strategy will be to also involve the same NGOs in the implementationof the [PDP.
39. Obtaining legal rights to land and forests traditionallyused by tribals (based on customary rights) is another importantelement in the [PDP strategy.The project will build on experiencesfrom the IFAD supported Orissa Tribal DevelopmentProject in RayagadaDistrict where unsurveyedland is being surveyed and settled in favourof tribals. This is done in accordancewith a 1990 Govenmment Circular issued by the Revenue Department allowingfor individualryoti rights to land up to a 30 degree slope (in a catchment),and usufructuary rightsto land/forestsbeyond that point. A local NGO has been involvedin organizingtribals and assistingthem through the procedures of obtainingthe land rights. The NGO is also working in the R&R componentin the Badanalla sub-project of the OWRCP. This and other NGOs will be involvedin the implementationof the IPDP. The same "legal rights to land" strategy will be followedto secure the rights of tribals to their ancestral habitat and to stabilize the eco-systemthrough appropriatecropping and agro-forestrypractises. If successfulon a large scale, this activity will form an important milestonein tribal empowermentand developmentin the project areas.
40. The strategy will also emphasize continuoustraining and capacity building,not only for tribal community leaders and tribals women's groups, but also for Panchayatmembers, local voluntary organizations,and governmentdepartments involved in IPDP implementation.NGOs will guarantee that the process of identifyingand planning specific activitiesand communityprojects is participatory and consultative. - 212 - Annex 11 Page I I of 18
InstitutionalArrangements for Implementationof IPDP
41. The major stakeholdersin the projects are: Governmentof Orissa; tribal communitiesin the sub-projects; and NGOs. Each has a key role to play in the project implementation.An overview of institutionalarrangements is presented in Table 2. The R&R Directorate of DOWR will be overall responsiblefor the project, release of funds, and for coordinationat the state level. For proper coordinationand monitoring,a Special Officer IPDP (preferablywith a social science backgroundand field experience in tribal development)will be posted in the R&R Directorate.The thrust of project activitieswill be in the sub-project areas, from village to district level. In the Scheduled Areas (Badanalla,Haribhangi, Upper Jonk, Harihajore),the project will be implementedat district level as a Special (Micro) Project under the IntegratedTribal DevelopmentAgency (ITDA) of the Welfare Department and chaired by the District Collector. As a SpecialProject under the ITDA, the project will have its own separate budget and accounts which will appear within the overall district ITDP budget and the overall district developmentbudget, all of which is under the responsibilityof the District Collector.
42. A Special Officer IPDP (SeniorClass II Gazetted) will be posted (from the Tribal Welfare Department) in each of the four sub-projectsin Scheduled Areas to be directly responsiblefor IPDP execution and flow of funds to the implementinggovernment agencies at block level and to NGOs. Following regular governmentprocedures for Special Projects under 1TDA(GOO resolution of November 14th, 1975) with appropriatemodification, a Project Level Committee will be established at each district level for: (i) approval of annual IPDP plans and budgets; and (ii) periodical reviews. The committee will be chaired by the District Collector The Special Officer IPDP will be Member- Secretary-cum-Convenor.S/he will assist the committeein review of the project implementationby providing the necessary monitoringinformation. The compositionof the committee is shown in Table 2 below. In the two sub-projectsoutside Scheduled Areas and ITDA (Rengali and Baghua), the IPDP will be implementedas a SpecialProject under the direct responsibilityand supervisitonof the District Collector. All other implementationarrangements, including Project Level Committeeand NGO involvement,will be similarto the sub-projectsunder ITDA.
43. Approval of annual plan and budget. Each annual activity plan and budget at district level will be prepared followinga bottom-upprocess of participatoryplanning through village committees. NGOs will play an importantfacilitating role, and relevant officers at block level will also be consulted in the process. The Special Officer IPDP, in coordinationwith NGOs and concemed BDOs, will be responsible for consolidationof village plans into an annual sub-project/districtactivity plan and budget. The Project Level Committeewill then approvethe annual plan and budget, and forward it to the R&R Directorate for approval.
44. Flow of funds. The R&R Directoratewill release funds to the sub-projects biannually accordingto the approved annual budget for each district/sub-project.Funds will be transferred by cheque or bank draft to the concernedSpecial Project IPDP in the ITDA at district level. The Special Officer lPDP will then arrange for transfer of funds to the executing departments at block level, primarily for infrastructureprojects (communityassets). Funds will also be transferred directly to the NGO operating in each sub-project,primarily for activitieslike: capacity building; mobilization; liaison; and innovativecommunity based activities. - 213 - Annex 11 Page 12 of 18
45. NGOs will preferably come from the sub-project areas, or at least from the neighbouring districts. In case a suitable NGO cannot be identified,a state-levelNGO with experience in tribal affairs or other rural developmentexperience will be considered. NGOs will be selected by the R&R Directorate in consultationwith the District Collector. NGOs will sign an agreement with the concemed District Collectoror the R&R Directorate based on TOR to be finalizedby the R&R Directorate. NGOs will submit accounts of funds utilized to the ITDA/DistrictCollector through the Special Officer IPDP. - 214 - Annex 11 Page 13 of 18
Table 2. Functionand Roles of Afencies Involved in Implementation of IPDP
Function: Approval and Monitoring Execution, Supervision Coordination,Flow of Funds Admin. level:
State: IPDP Sub-Committee: DirectorateR&R: (Meets bi-annuallyfor review. Reportingto Director R&R the State Tribes AdvisoryCouncil) Special Officer IPDP DOWR PrincipalSecretary, Chairman Director R&R, Member-cum-Secretary Overall responsiblefor IPDP Secretary,Welfare Dept., Member implementation. Director (Tribal Welfare),Member Director THRTI, Member Release of funds to districts. Special Officer IPDP, Member NGO representative,Member Consultantsand NGOs for Staff 2 Tribal representatives,Member Training.
Directorate R&R: IndependentEvaluation. Approvalof annual plan and budget District: IPDP Project Level Committee: District Collector (Approvalof annual plan and budget) Project Administrator ITDA District Collector,Chairman Special Officer IPDP Special Officer IPDP, Member Secretary NGO ITDA Project Administrator,Member The Special IPDP Officer will: Executive Eng.(sub-project),Members (i) release funds to BDO/ block 2 Tribal representatives,Members level departments,and to NGOs; I NGO representative,Member (ii) coordinateall field activities; Block Dev. Officers,Members (iii) report to the Project Level Committee. Block: NGO coordinationwith BDO/Depts. for BDO/Depts. coordinationwith planning and budgeting. NGO for implementation. Village: Village Committee:Project identification, Village Committee: planning and monitoring implementation,operation and NGO: information,PRA, facilitatationof maintenance villagelevel planning, monitoring. NGO: capacity building,literacy, direct support to other community based activities - 215 - Annex 11 Page 14 of 18
Activities under the IPDP
46. IPDP activities will cover the followingactivity categories: communityassets (infrastructure); productive and innovativecommunity activities; trainingand capacitybuilding; legal rights to land; and water user associations. A preliminaryidentification of activitieshas been made as part of the study for preparation of the IPDP. During the five year project period, new activitieswill be identified and planned for prior to each fiscal year. The planningprocess will be village based, by the village commnitteesand facilitatedby NGOs and be deliberatelyadaptive in nature to incorporatelessons of experience and results of monitoring.
47. Criteria for prioritization. The selectionof communityprojects and activitieswill be based on prioritizationaccording to the followingbasic criteria:
(a) mitigationactivities and assets will be given priority over all other activities;
(b) degree of communitymotivation and initiative;
(c) degree of communitycontribution through labour or in kind;
(d) degree to which the activitywill improve tribals access to, control over and sustainableuse of natural resources;
(e) degree to which the activitywill positivelyaddress women's heavy work load;
(f) poverty situationin the village;
(g) level and kind of basic needs to be met (e.g. health, food security, literacy).
The R&R Directorate will be responsiblefor further operationalizationand field testing of these criteria, includingpreparation of detailed guidelinesfor inclusionof the criteria as a part of PRA. Prior to their applicationin villagelevel planning,NGOs and relevantblock level officers/extensionworkers will be trained in how to use the criteria duringPRA.
48. Communityassets include the followingphysical infrastructure:school, community centre, link road, pathway, culvert, tubewell, dug well, check dams, lift irrigation,public health centers/dispensary, market place (haat), temple. Communityassets have been identifiedaccording to the outcome of the prelirninaryPRA undertakenby consultantsas part of the backgroundstudy for the IPDP. The final decision on which assets to imnplementwill be determinedthrough the baseline survey, PRA and village level planning (refer steps 4 and 5 above). Implementationwill involve the relevantgovernment line departments represented at Block level. Flow of funds will go to the concemed departments from the District Collector throughthe SpecialIPDP Officer. There will be NGO involvementand community participation(through the establishedVillage Committees)in all stages of implementation:site selection, design, civil works/labourcontribution.
49. Communitv activitiesinclude: agro-forestryand mixed plantations/croppingon hilly slopes, small check damns(munda), soil conservation,restoration of grazingland, cooperative marketing (e.g. milk), village grain banks, fisheries,functional literacy and legalAandtraining, women's societies, - 216 - Annex 11 Page 15 of 18 preventivehealth care. Planning and implementationof these activitieswill to a larger extent depend on NGO and village initiatives,less on inputs from govermmentdepartments. Relevant govemrnment departmentsinclude forestry, soil conservation,horticulture, cooperatives. Their involvementwill be in the form of extension service and technicaladvise. In most cases, flow of funds will go to the NGOs from the District Collector through the Special IPDP Officer.
50. Training/skillsdevelopment and capacitv buildingof tribal communitieswill primarily be the responsibilitiesof NGOs who will invitetechnical expertise for special skills development(e.g. agro- forestry,literacy, health) from either govermmentdepartments or extemal sources on a case by case basis. The objective of these activitiesis three-fold:(i) to develop technicalskills for new productive sectors or niches; (ii) to enhance existingproduction systems and sustain tribals use of natural resources; and (iii) to raise awarenessand develop organizationalcapacity and strength (empowerment)at the tribal communitylevel, both for leadership, all-villageand women'sgroups.
51. Legal rights to land and forests traditionallyused by tribal communities(based on customary rights). NGOs together with Village Committeeswill proceed with securing legal rights to land within a defined 30 degree slope in a catchment(rvot rights based on individualtitles to land), and usufructuary rights to land beyond the 30 degree slope. The procedure already applied by an NGO in Rayagada District (AGRAGAMEE)in the IFAD supported Orissa Tribal DevelopmentProject (OTDP) will be followed.In this connection,also the OTDP approach to ecologicallysustainable land use, also called SustainableAgricultural Land Technology(SALT), will be followed as a joint effort of NGOs and the AgriculturalExtension and Forest Departments. This rather time consumingactivity will be ongoing during and beyond the project period. Its success rests on the NGO initiative,degree of tribal awareness and empowerment,and support by key officialslike the District Collector.
52. Water User Associations(WUAs) will be formed among tribals in the commandareas who will be the beneficiariesof the project'sirrigation facilities. NGOs and field level engineers of the DOWR will be responsiblefor this activity. Timingwill depend on the completionschedule for the canal and distributionnetwork in each sub-project. There will be close coordinationand joint planning with the FOT componentof the projectprior to and during the activitiesfor establishmentof WUAs and subsequent turnover of minor irrigationsystems to tribal farmers. IPDP Activities are defined as mitigationactivities (those in response to negative project effects), and activitiessupporting developmentof tribal communities,indirectly or marginallyaffected, or not benefittingfrom the project's irrigationfacilities. In cases where it is not possible to form all-tribalWUAs, special care will be taken to ensure tribal representationin the WUA committee.
ImplementationSchedule
53. The IPDP period will be five years. This period will allow for the implementationof mitigating and communitydevelopment activities based on tribal participationat all stages. It is assumed that assets and other community support activitieswill be taken over by the communitiesthemselves for management,maintenance and continuation.
54. The IPDP implementationschedule envisagesthe followingsteps/sequence of activities: mobilization; training and capacity building; identificationof communityactivities and projects; planning; implementation; monitoringand follow-up; turnover to community management. Some of these steps will overlap in their timing, some will be repeated during the life-timeof the project. - 217 - Annex 11 Page 16 of 18
Implementationwill start with the beginningof fiscal year 1996-97. The implementationschedule to be followed by each sub-project (with some sub-project specificvariations) is presented below. A bar chart showing the timing of activitiesover the five year project period is presented in Attachment 1.
Step 1. Mobilization(3 months)
- Identificationand contractingof NGOs - Constitutionof IPDP Committeesat District and State level. - Posting of Special IPDP Officers in four sub-projects(under ITDA), and one in the R&R Directorate.
Step 2. Training and Capacity Building (3-6 months, repeated at intervals)
- NGOs SpecialLPDP Officers (one in the R&R Directorate,four in sub-projects). - IPDP Project Committees - Government agency staff involved
Step 3. Orientationand Local Public Consultation(3-6 months, repeated at intervals)
- Meetings at Panchayat,Block and District Level - Publicationsby R&R Directorate and each sub-project - Informationdissemination in tribal villages
Step 4. Baseline survey and PRA at Village Level (3-6 months)
- Information/datacollection for baseline survey - Identificationof village leadershipand communityworkers - Identificationof communityactivities and projects through PRA - Establishment of Village Comnittees
Step 5. Village Level Planning(3 months, repeated annually)
- Identificationof new communityprojects and activities(based on criteria for prioritization). - Preparationof draft annual plan for each village by NGOs in consultationwith Special Officer IPDP and relevantofficers at block level. - NGO consultationwith each village on annual plan
Step 6. Annual Activity Plan and Budget (3 months,repeated annually)
- For each District/sub-project NGOs and SpecialIPDP Officer will jointly prepare annual plan and budget in consultation with block level officers. Plan approval by SpecialProject Committee/DistrictCollector - 218 - Annex 11 Page 17of 18
Step 7. Village Level Implementation(ongoing for the project period)
Communityassets (infrastructure):implementation of communityassets will take place over one fiscal year accordingto plan and budget. The majorityof communityassets will be implementedover the first 3 years of the project.
Some communitvactivities will be implementedover one fiscal year, others will be ongoing through the entire five year projectperiod. Activitiesin support of tribal legal rights to land will be ongoingduring the project period. Supportto water user associations (WUAs) will take place after completionof irrigationschemes and will take place in close coordination with the FOT componentof OWRCP.
Step 8. Monitoringand follow-up (quarterly)
Monitoringwill be carried out as follows: Ongoing:by VillageIPDP Committee,reporting to NGOs Quarterly:by NGOs, reporting to District Collectorand R&R Directorate Quarterly:by the Special IPDP Officer, reporting to the District Collectorand R&R Directorate. Through regular procedure:by BDO/lTDA/departments
Step 9. Turnover to community management (after year 2-3, then ongoing)
When communityassets are completed, they will be handed over to the village communityfor maintenanceand management(e.g. communitycentres, link roads, tubewells, dug wells, check dams, lift irrigationschemes). Althoughthere are departmental responsibilitiesfor maintenanceof major assets like schools and PHCs, community involvementin maintenancewill also be promoted. Similarly,assistance to community activitieslike plantations,agro forestry,WUAs and horticulturewill be phased out once the technicaland managementexpertise has developedin the community.At the outset (planning stage) of each activity,the NGO and the village communitywill agree on a tentative time for turnover of assets/activitiesto communitymanagement.
Step 10. Monitoringand Evaluation(year 2 and 4)
(refer paras. 55-57 below)
Monitoring and Evaluation
55. The physical progress and expendituresof IPDP will be monitoredby the SpecialIPDP Officer who will report to the Project Level Committee. Each annual Sub-Projector District plan and budget will form the baseline against whichprogress will be monitored. Both NGOs and the Special Project Officer will submit quarterlyreports to the District Collectorand the R&R Directorate according to a format to be developedby the R&R Directorate. Indicators for monitoringby NGOs and Special IPDP Officer are includedin Attachment2. Monitoringreports will also be made availableto the IPDP Sub-Committeeat state level. - 219 - Annex 11 Page 18 of 18
56. A third party evaluationof the IPDP project will be carried out in year two and four of the project. An ex-post evaluation,also by a third party, will be carried out one to two years after project completion. Both the Tribal and Harijan Research and Training Instituteas well as independentwill be considered for the evaluations. Both evaluationswill look at the immediateeffects and longer term impacts of the IPDP project. The baseline informationand PRA documentationproduced by NGOs will be used for the evaluation (refer Activity4 above). TOR for the evaluationswill be based on the major indicatorspresented in Attachment3.
57. The Bank will supervise the implementationof the IPDP accordingto the general supervision schedule of the OWRCP. The Bank will approve the TOR and selectionof consultants for the third party evaluations,scheduled for year 2 and 4.
Budget
58. The total budget for the five years period is Rs. 38 million(US$ 1.2 million).A summary budget and detailed budgets for each subprojectis presented in Attachment 4.
59. The first year's budget mainlycovers mobilizationand establishment,training, NGOs contract and consultancies,baseline survey and planning.Year 2 and 3 will be the peak activity years in terms of initiatingnew activitiesto be financedby the [PDP Tribal DevelopmentFund (TDF). The TDF budget for communityassets and communityactivities over year 2 and 3 has been calculated based on mitigationand other activitiesidentified during the PRA appliedby the consultantsassisting in the preparation of the IPDP. Year 4 and 5 will see a gradual reductionof the TDF budget (i.e. 60% and 40% of the TDF budget in year 2 and 3) as less activitiesare initiatedand many are phased out and turned over to the communities.
Financing.
60. IDA financingof the IPDP would be as indicated in Chapter 3 of the Staff Appraisal Report (SAR). Physical infrastructure(community assets, mixed plantations,and gochar land development) would be elegible for reimbursementat 90%. Consultancies,training, NGO contracts and skill developmenttraining would be elegible for 100% reimbursement. Office establishmentwould be funded on a decliningscale as for the R&R costs in this category(refer SAR).
Accounting and Auditing
61. GOO accountingand auditing procedures for ITDA will be followedat district and block level. As a Special Project under ITDA, the IPDP project will have its own separate budget and accounts in each district under the sub-projects. NGOs will have their own administrationand implementation budget. They will submit bi-annual accounts to the District Collectorthrough the Special Officer IPDP. The Special Officer IPDP will then be responsiblefor merging NGO accounts and accounts submitted by involveddepartments into the consolidatedSpecial Project accounts in each district/sub-project.In addition, independentauditors acceptableto the Bank by the R&R Directorate or District Collectorsto audit the NGO accounts. - 220 -
India Annex 11 Orissa Water Resources ConsolidationProiect Attachment 1 Indigenous PeoDlesDeveloDment Plan Page 1 of 3 Imolementation Schedule
SI Acivity Year I = iYear 1I | | Yeailar __ Agency No I 2 3 4 I 2 3 4 1 2 1 2 |343 4 | 2 3 4 Involved I MOBIUSAoN=== I-dentiuica ion and DOWR
contacttng NGO
_ Constitution of IPDP =DOWR I
Project conuittee
_ Appointment of spl DOWR IPDPofricers
2 TRAINING
- For NGO = NGOI Consultant
_ For Villae leaders & DO
Action Conmnttee
- For Spl IPDP Officers DO
f E~~~- - _ _ - _ _ _ -* _ -- -Govt. Staff involved DO
3 SKMLLDEVELOPMErNT & CAPACITY BUILDING | For eligible tnbals NGO/Gov.
On gouig proc_s as pe_ __ Dept | Orgauusumon of | [ [ NGO
Econonuc Actnvties activity chosen and need
- Monitonng & final corrective N=O
measkres
4 ORIENTATION & LOCAL PUBUC CONSULTATION - Meetins at Distric/Block IPDP Cmn, level NGOIIPDP OFFICEiR
P-ublicatuons DOWR
* Inforraton diseuminauon at INGC
village + IDOWR
5 BASELINE SURVEY -Information & data collection NGO/
for surve _ __ CONSULTANT - 221 -
India Annex 11 Orissa Water ResourcesConsolidation Proiect Attachment 1 Indiaenous Peoples Development Plan Page 2 of 3 ImplementationSchedule
- Identificatuon of village Noo
leadership A commun. workers ______
- Identification of community NG_O
_actties _VAG
6 VELLAGELEVEL PLANNING _ Establishment ofvillae EPDP NM__
conmittees VLC
_ Prepwsion of draR annual VAG/
plan for villate N_O
-NGO consultation with each NOCY
villae on nnual plan VAG
7 ANNUAL ACTIVIrY PLAN
- For each district & IPDP COt
WA- ub_projet [PDP OFF.
-For BlockLevel -DO
M-Approvaby pl project COLLECTOR
connmttcc/disuict collector
S VILLAGE LEV. IMPL_M. NGO(VAG
- Community asets PWD
_ Comnuzuty actvities __ _VAQ PFD
-LLep rin to land NWO/
_=_=_ CONCERNED
_ Waer usas Association NGOI WUA 9 MONrrORD'NG & FOLLOWUP
- Village IPDP commit4ee
- By NGO
- By Spil. IPDP officer______~ ~~_. L-- _ _-- _-- ______=__ - 222 -
India Annex 11 Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project Attachment I IndigenousPeoples Develooment Plan Page 3 of 3 Imolementation Schedule
_By BDO/Project Adnmistrtor, ITDA
10 TURNOVKR TO VAG COMMUNITY MANAGK=.
II EVALUATION Ev'a1uauonby extcnal aualcy -CONSULTANT_ - 223 -
Annex 11 Attachment 2 Page 1 of I
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Indicators for Bi-Annual Monitoring and Evaluation (by Special Officer IPDP and NGOs)
- Progress of ongoing community projects and activities (type and number) according to annual plans.
- Brief assessment of quality and success of activities/projects; brief assessment of problems encountered.
- Type and number of activities/projects completed and turned to the community for their own management.
- Progress of training and capacity building activities at the community level, for government officers, and for NGOs.
Progress of NGO activities according to their TOR and detailed activity plan.
* Number of village committees formed, activities undertaken by them, and a brief assessment of their performance.
- Number of women's groups formed, activities undertaken by them, and a brief assessment of their performance.
Location and amount of land surveyed and settled in favour of tribals.
- Number of WUAs formed and a brief assessment of their performance (coordinated with FOT monitoring). - 224 -
Annex 11 Attachment 3 Page I of 2
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Indicators for Monitorin! and Evaluation by Third Party (year 2 and 4, and ex-post)
The following indicators are formulated as preliminary TOR. As such, they should be further operationalized prior to the evaluation and formulated into TOR for the consultant to undertake the evaluation Relevant indicators/questions are:
- results from mitigation activities and creation of community assets: quality, maintenance after community turnover, current use pattern and villagers opinions of community assets (school, community center, link road, tubewell culvert, etc.);
- results from community activities related to agriculture, water supply and other natural resources: increased productivity, income and food security, more sustainable use of natural resources;
- degree of involvement of villagers in planning and implementation of community assets and activities: planning, design, labor contributiion, contribution in kind,
amount and types of land surveyed and settled in favor of tribals;
- gender dimension in planning and implementatiion of IPDP activities; to which extent have women been involved in identifying, deciding on and planning activities; their labor input in comparison to men; women's responsibility and workload in continuing an activity or maintaining an asset created; direct benefits to women from an activity;
- results from functional and legal literacy: kind and degree of consciousness developed, action taken to obtain and secure tribal rights and entitlements;
- benefits from village communittees established; impact on village leadership; women's involvement and role in commnittees;
- number and types of women's groups formed; their role in village decision making; types of and results from economic or other activities undertaken by women's groups; - 225 -
Annex 11 Attachment 3 Page 2 of 2
- changes in relationship to neighboring non-tribal communities as a result of the IPDP, if any;
tribal-non-tribal relationship and cooperation in relation to WOO formation;
- amount of tribal land under irrigation in the sub-projects as a result of OWRCP: on a sample basis;
changes in the value of land held by tribals as a result of the OWRCP;
- changes in land tenure pattern (land ownership and lease) among tribals, and between tribals and non-tribals, as a result of OWRCP and/or the IPDP: on a sample basis;
* >changesin availability of jobs (wage labor) for tribals in and outside agriculture as a result of OWRCP and/or IPDP;
pattern of out/in-migration from tribal villages and reasons why;
* Assessment of the role of NGOs in IPDP implementation, including the view of villagers, men and women;
- Assessment of the role of government agencies involved, including the view of villagers, men and women. - 226 - Annex 11 Attachment 4 Page I of 7
Table 1. IPDP Summary Budget Sheet
Name of Total Allocationof funds (Base costs in thousands) Total Sub-project Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Amount 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/2000 2000/01
Rengali 450.0 2,930.5 2,484.9 1,709.4 1,383.7 8,958.5 Badanalla 744.0 2,766.1 2,353.0 1,596.9 1,337.7 8,797.7 Harabhangi 553.0 1,266.4 1,201.4 712.8 720.7 4,454.3 Harharjore 505.0 2,056.4 1,821.9 1,235.8 1,064.8 6,683.9 UpperJonk 650.0 1,296.9 1,154.0 721.2 738.3 4,560.4 Baghua 160.0 1,385.0 1,228.7 842.3 744.2 4,360.2 Total 3,062.0 11,701.3 10,243.9 6,818.4 5,989.4 37,515.0 - 227 - Annex 11 Attachment 4 Page 2 of 7
Table 2. Rengali Sub-project IPDP Budget (in '000 Rs.)
Years Total 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/2000 2000/01
Earmarked/ IdentifiedNeeds A. CommunityAssets i. Communitycenter 120.0 60.0 - 180.0 ii. Checkdam 100.0 50.0 50.0 200.0 iii. Tubewell 150.0 90.0 60.0 300.0 iv. Culvert 1,200.0 400.0 400.0 2,000.0 v. L. I. Point 280.0 140.0 140.0 560.0 vi. Other needs - 354.0 973.8 639.0 740.5 2,707.3
B. CommunityActivities i. Mixed plantation 100.0 37.5 16.3 15.0 168.8 ii. Skill development 240.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 600.0 iii. Communityactivity needs - 18.4 50.7 33.3 38.6 141.0 iv. Skill development needs - 65.6 180.3 118.3 137.1 501.4
Administration/Implementation i. NGO Cost 100.0 200.0 100.0 50.0 50.0 500.0 ii. Training for NGO and Govt staff 250.0 62.5 62.5 62.5 62.5 500.0 iii. Evaluation 200.0 200.0 400.0 iv. Office establishment cost 100.0 40.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 200.0
Total 450.0 2,930.5 2,484.9 1,709.4 1,383.7 8,958.5 - 228 - Annex 11 Attachment 4 Page 3 of 7
Table 3. Badanalla Sub-project IPDP Budget (in '000 Rs.)
Years Total 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/2000 2000/01
Earmarked / Identified Needs A. Community Assets i. Community center - 120.0 120.0 240.0 ii. Link road - 500.0 250.0 250.0 1,000.0 iii. Tubewell - 30.0 30.0 iv. Dugwell - 15.0 15.0 v. Other needs - 132.0 329.3 270.2 200.8 932.3
B. Community Activities i. Mixed plantation - 640.0 240.0 104.0 96.0 1,080.0 ii. Gochar land - 128.0 32.0 160.0 iii. Skill development - 480.0 240.0 240.0 240.0 1,200.0 iv. Community activity needs - 127.4 317.7 260.8 193.8 899.7 v. Skill development needs - 123.3 307.5 252.4 187.6 870.7
Administration/implementation i. NGO Cost 194.0 288.0 194.0 97.0 97.0 870.0 ii. Training for NGO and Govt staff 250.0 62.5 62.5 62.5 62.5 500.0 iii. Evaluation - - 200.0 200.0 400.0 iv. Office establishment cost 300.0 120.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 600.0
Total 744.0 2,766.1 2,353.0 1,596.9 1,337.7 8,797.7 - 229 - Annex 11 Attachment 4 Page 4 of 7
Table 4. Harabhangi Sub-project IPDP Budget (in '000 Rs.)
Years Total 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/2000 2000/01
Earmarked / Identified Needs A. Community Assets i. Community center 195.0 120.0 60.0 375.0 ii. School building 175.0 - - 175.0 iii. Link road 250.0 250.0 150.0 650.0 iv. Other needs - 126.2 258.9 261.2 275.3 921.7
B. Community Activities i. Mixed plantation 120.0 45.0 10.0 10.0 185.0 ii. Gochar land 50.4 25.2 25.2 25.2 126.0 iii. Skill development 10.0 - - - 10.0 iv. Community activity needs - 32.7 67.1 67.7 71.4 238.9 v. Skill development needs - 1.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 7.7
Administration/implementation i. NGO Cost 33.0 66.0 33.0 16.5 16.5 165.0 ii. Training for NGO and Govt staff 320.0 160.0 160.0 80.0 80.0 800.0 iii. Evaluation 200.0 200.0 400.0 iv. Office establishment cost 200.0 80.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 400.0
Total 553.0 1,266.4 1,201.4 712.8 720.7 4,454.3 - 230 - Annex I I Attachment 4 Page 5 of 7
Table 5. Hariharjore Sub-project IPDP Budget (in '000 Rs.)
Years Total 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/2000 2000/01
Earmarked / Identified Needs A. Community Assets i. Community center 195.0 180.0 120.0 495.0 ii. School building 175.0 - - 175.0 iii. Link road 625.0 312.5 312.5 1,250.0 iv. Other needs - 205.1 517.6 379.0 424.0 1,525.6
B. Community Activities i. Mixed plantation 432.0 162.8 70.2 64.0 729.0 ii. Gochar land 40.0 10.0 - - 50.0 iii. Skill development 75.8 37.9 37.9 37.9 189.6 iv. Community activity needs - 83.2 210.0 153.8 172.0 619.0 v. Skill development needs - 20.3 51.1 37.4 41.9 150.7
Administration/implementation i. NGO Cost 30.0 60.0 30.0 15.0 15.0 150.0 ii. Training for NGO and Govt staff 300.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 600.0 iii. Evaluation 200.0 200.0 400.0 iv. Office establishment cost 175.0 70.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 350.0
Total 505.0 2,056.4 1,821.9 1,235.8 1,064.8 6,683.9 - 231 - Annex 11 Attachment 4 Page 6 of 7
Table 6. Upper Jonk Sub-project IPDP Budget (in '000 Rs.)
Years Total 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/2000 2000/01
Earmarked / Identified Needs A. CommunityAssets i. Communitycenter - 120.0 120.0 240.0 ii. Link road - 400.0 200.0 200.0 800.0 iii. Other needs - 107.5 224.6 209.9 223.3 765.3
B. CommunityActivities i. Mixed plantation - 160.0 60.0 26.0 24.0 270.0 ii. Gochar land - 32.0 8.0 40.0 iii. Skill development - 50.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 125.0 iv. Communityactivity needs - 32.0 66.9 62.6 66.6 228.1 v. Skill development needs - 12.9 27.0 25.2 26.8 92.0
Administration/Implementation i. NGO Cost 100.0 200.0 100.0 50.0 50.0 500.0 ii. Training for NGO and Govt staff 250.0 62.5 62.5 62.5 62.5 500.0 iii. Evaluation - - 200.0 200.0 400.0 iv. Office establishment cost 300.0 120.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 600.0
Total 650.0 1,296.9 1,154.0 721.2 738.3 4,560.3 - 232 - Annex 11 Attachment 4 Page 7 of 7
Table 7. Baghua Sub-project IPDP Budget (in '000 Rs.)
Years Total 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/2000 2000/01
Earmarked / Identified Needs A. Community Assets i. Community center 75.0 15.0 15.0 105.0 ii. Tubewell 60.0 60.0 120.0 iii. School 350.0 175.0 175.0 700.0 iv. Pathway 45.0 30.0 75.0 v. Ponds 40.0 40.0 vi. Link road 250.0 125.0 125.0 500.0 vii. Other needs - 165.0 406.7 304.4 355.5 1,231.5
B. Community Activities i. Mixed plantation 80.0 30.0 17.0 12.0 139.0 ii. Gochar land 80.0 20.0 100.0 iii. Skill development 80.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 200.0 iv. Community activity needs - 25.6 63.1 47.2 55.2 v. Skill development needs - 21.4 52.8 39.5 46.2
Administration/implementation i. NGO Cost 60.0 120.0 60.0 30.0 30.0 300.0 ii. Training for NGO and Govt staff 50.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 100.0 iii. Evaluation 200.0 200.0 400.0 iv. Office establishment cost 50.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 100.0
Total 160.0 1,385.0 1,228.7 842.3 744.2 4,360.3
- 233 - Annex 12 Page I of 21
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Sectoral Environmental Assessment & Environmental Action Plan
1. INTRODUCTION
The proposed Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project (OWRCP) is intended to upgrade the capabilities, management and efficiency of the Department of Water Resources through institutional strengthening, rehabilitation and modernization of existing schemes, as well as completion of ongoing viable projects. During preparation of the OWRCP, a Sectoral Environment Assessment (SEA) was carried out in accordance with World Bank guidelines. Orissa's SEA report is essentially a baseline status document covering the environmental situation in Orissa, Initial Environmental Examination of environmental impacts arising out of the implementation of the proposed OWRCP activities and an Environmental Action Plan to be funded under the OWRCP program, in order to integrate environmental concerns into water resources management. As part of the Environmental Action Plan two EA cells will be formed within the Water Planning (OWPO) and Project Preparation and Formulation (CE-PF) Units of the Department of Water Resources (DOWR). These two EA cells will be supported by an extensive training and technical assistance program. Supplementary EA and management work will be executed under the OWRCP, as part of the Environmental Action Plan and in the form of an on-the-job training program for the staff of the two EA cells and will be executed by internationally renown foreign and local consultants. The details of the Environmental Action Plan (EAP) are presented below.
The SEA was initially carried out by the Snowy Mountains Engineering Corporation (SMEC) of Australia, a consultant firm contracted by DOWR. The final report was prepared jointly by DOWR Staff and SMEC consultants after making a detailed and exhaustive review of the issues related to implementation of the OWRCP Program.
Though resettlement and rehabilitation (R&R) issues are often considered to be an integral part of Environmental Assessment, the World Bank has commissioned a separate evaluation of the R&R aspects and prepared an exclusive document within the frame work of the OWRCP. The social impact analysis and economic rehabilitation of the project affected persons has been carried out with the assistance of the operation Research Group and is described in Part II of this summary. Assistance and guidance provided by the World Bank officials and officials of various Departments of the Government of Orissa and different statutory bodies is gratefully acknowledged.
2. PART I - ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT & ACTIONS
The Sectoral Environmental Assessment report reviews the environmental situation in Orissa related to various key resources and particularly to the water resources sector of the state. This - 234 - Annex 12 Page 2 of 21 includes a review of the existing policies, legal and environmental legislation affecting various developmental activities related to the water resources sector of the state. An Initial Environmental Examination of environmental impacts of OWRCP investments under various sub-projects was undertaken to asses the overall environmental impacts on the water resource sector. Where supplementary EA work is needed, it will be executed in agreement with World Bank Policies. Necessary institutional strengthening and upgrading of environmental capabilities, including training, technical assistance and liaison with other agencies, were also reviewed.
An Environmental Action Plan (EAP) has been prepared. The key component of this EAP is the establishment of two environmental cells within the DOWR, which will be responsible for handling the environmental aspects of the present and future water resources development projects. The environmental issues related to the implementation of the OWRCP program were reviewed and presented in an SEA report. The SEA report was compiled according to the following broad framework and documented under the following sections:
I. Environmental Policy, Legal & Guidelines; 2. Project Objectives & Outline of the Orissa WRCP; 3. Environmental Overview; 4. Environmental Status and Impacts of OWRCP Sub-Projects; 5. Environmental Capabilities; and, 6. Environmental Action Plan.
This Executive Summary presents the synthesis of main points covered under the Sectoral Environment Assessment report prepared exclusivelyfor the OWRCP.
3. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, LEGAL & GUIDELINES
In this section review of policies and legislative Acts both at the Central and State Government level have been made concerning environmental issues and its likely impacts on developmental activities. The important acts are: Environment protection Act - 1986 and its recent notification of Jan '94, in which various aspects of environmental issues, procedures and guidelines for obtaining Environmental clearance have been outlined; the other important Act being the Forest Conservation Act - 1980 and its amendments in 1988, which has important bearing in the execution of projects; and, the National conservation Strategy and the statement on Environment and Development Policy issued in 1992 gives a broad outline with respect to the Environment Policy of the country. Besides these Acts, the National Water Policy issued in September 1987 has also laid emphasis on Environmental and Ecological conservation. In the State Water Policy, recently issued by the Government of Orissa, necessary provision has been made towards Environmental Management for sustainable development in the water resource sector of the state.
4. ENVIRONMENTAL OVERVIEW
The OWRCP project covers command areas throughout the state of Orissa and basin planning covers the surface waters of the entire state. An extensive study regarding environmental issues - 235 - Annex 12 Page 3 of 21
of water related and its allied matters was made and information was collected from various Government and NGO organizations. There was a need to prepare base line data for all environmental issues connected with the development of the water resources sector of the state. These base line data are briefly summarized below.
Baseline Data
4.1 Climate & Precipitation
Orissa is one of the richest states in terms of its natural resources. The climate of Orissa is of tropical nature with the presence of a high humidity in the coastal areas. The average annual rainfall of Orissa is 1,480 mm with 80% of its rainfall occurring from June to October. The rainfall is caused by the monsoon and variation in precipitation is significant, both spatially and temporally. The wide variation in precipitation results in drought and flood, shattering the economic backbone of state.
4.2 Water Resources
There are eleven river basins in Orissa. The major rivers are the Mahanadi, Brahmani, Baitarani, Subaranerekha, Bhudhabalang, Indravati, Rushikulya and others. Orissa is fortunate to have abundant water resources and is estimated to possess 7.81 M.ham of freshwater, which is 11.3 % of the total water resource of India. Orissa's land area is 4.7% of the total land area of India. Orissa has a population of 31.7 million which is 3.7% of the total population of India. As such Orissa has plenty of water resources, which could be developed in an environmentally sustainable manner for the development of the state. Orissa has so far developed 30% of its water resources.
4.3 Land Use
Out of total geographical area of 156,000 sq.km, 65,000 sq.km are cultivable, of which 90%, i.e. 59,000 sq.km, can be brought under irrigation. This is possible, because of the availability of large water reserves in the state during the monsoon period. Despite the availability of large quantities of water during the monsoon period, Orissa's irrigation coverage was only 21,200 sq.km in 1993, which is 36% of irrigable area, as compared to 71% coverage at National Level.
4.4 Irrigation & Agriculture
Orissa is predominantly an agro-economic based state, of which 86% of its 31.7 million people live in the rural area. The people of Orissa mainly depend on agriculture for their livelihood. The soils and climate of Orissa are conducive for favorable crop growth. The rural work force is agricultural oriented as cultivators and agricultural laborers constitute nearly 73% of the main work force of the state. Out of 5.9 million ha of irrigable areas of the state, only 1.2 M ha have been brought under irrigation. The maximum paddy production is recorded as 6.7 million ton in 91-92, which is much below the yield criteria for developed states. Rice is the main crop grown in irrigated areas of the state. - 236 - Annex 12 Page 4 of 21
4.5. Socio-Economic Status
In spite of all favorable conditions, Orissa is considered as the poorest state of India, as 44.7% of its population, the highest in India, lives below the poverty line according to the 1987-88 index, as reported by the expert group appointed by the Planning Commission. Nothing has changed much in the economic scenario since 1988. Orissa continues to remain under-privileged and under-developed. The irrigation coverage remains much below the desired level and the yield per ha is about half the yield obtained in Punjab or Haryana.
4.6. Forest Coverage
Orissa's forest coverage of 57,187 sq.km stands as 36% of total geographical area of the state and is endowed with rich treasures of Flora and Fauna. There is pressure on forest lands due to rapid urbanization, population explosion, and other factors. However, the Forest Conservation Act has helped to check the rate of deforestation and compensatory afforestation is being implemented for all loss of forest on account of developmental activities.
4.7 Eco-Sensitive Areas
There are endangered species of Flora & Fauna and the eco-sensitive areas like Similipal, Mahendragiri, Gandhamardan hills. Bhitar Kanika, Satakosia Gorge etc., are specially protected from the influence of developmental activity. Chilika lake, the biggest inland lake of the country, has been recognized for its biodiversity value at the International Convention held at Ramsar (Iran) in 1971, under auspices of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. The Chilika lake needs protection to maintain its ecological balance for the conservation of the high biodiversity value. The lake also needs environmental management for maintenance of the salinity gradient and the reduction of sediment inflow in order to preserve the socio-economic balance. This is necessary to be able to sustain the large population living on its shores, which are dependent on the lake for their livelihood. There are two national parks and fourteen sanctuaries in Orissa. Complex wetlands and aquatic ecosystems have developed in Chilika Lake and in the Bhitar Kanika estuary. These systems are at present degrading rapidly and need urgently protection.
4.8 Aquatic Ecology
As Orissa is endowed with a large coastline, interwoven by a large number of river systems, a substantial population depends on fisheries and pisciculture. A substantial potential exists in terms of freshwater and brackish water fisheries in Orissa. However, considerable alteration to the riverine aquatic ecology have been associated with water resources developments. Further water diversion for irrigation needs careful investigation and planning. The aquatic ecology and fisheries aspects are integral to water resources and river basin planning, which should be adequately addressed in future planning of the water resources sector. Necessary assistance of the Central Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA) will be requested for improving the production of aquacultural output, as well as to upgrade the knowledge and stimulate the integration of aquatic ecology considerations in the development of the water resources sector. - 237 - Annex 12 Page 5 of 21
4.9 Mineral Deposits
Orissa has rich mineral deposits of metallic & non-metallic ore with distinction of the largest producers of minerals, like chrome, manganese, dolomite, graphite and quartzite. Orissa has large reserves of low-grade coal deposits, which stimulated the setting-up of a large number of thermal power stations besidesestablishing iron and steel, alurninumand cement plantsat a strategic location.
4.10 Water Pollution
Due to above developments the Angul/Talcher and Rourkela mining and industrial zones of the Brahmani Basin are already adversely affecting local water resources. The Angul/Talcher zone, which is located in the central sector of the Brahmani Basin, is one of the worst 15 pollution problem areas in India. The State Pollution Control Board is preparing an Action Plan to protect this reach.
The water quality situation in certain parts of Orissa is becoming quite critical, particularly in view of the large potential expansion in the mineral and industrial sectors. The adversely affected polluted reaches being the upper and mid-Brahmani, lb River and the mid reaches of the Mahanadi, the lower reaches of Rushikulya and other water bodies.
4.11 Waterlogging and salinity problems
The waterlogging and salinity problems in the irrigated delta of the coastal zones in Orissa represent a substantial problem. Out of 300,000 ha CCA in the Mahanadi Delta about 85,000 ha have been adversely affected by waterlogging and salinity.
In view of the large areas becoming unproductive, an holistic and integrated approach is required for planning and management of all irrigated areas, including detailed assessments, conjunctive use of surface and groundwater, and providing of drainage to mitigate waterlogging and salinity problems.
5. SECTORAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
The sectoral environment impact assessment covers the overview of the present status of the water resources sector of the state and of future implications associated with developments envisaged under the OWRCP. A review of project wise environmental assessments, which identifiedpositive and negativeimpacts, monitoring and mitigationneeds, has been made. This along with a review of the rehabilitation of existing irrigation projects and suggested improvements, gives a detailed insight into the situation prevailing in the water resources sector of the state.
The summary of such assessments are given below. - 238 - Annex 12 Page 6 of 21
Environmental Impacts of Project Investments
5.1 Environmental Impacts of SIFT Projects
One of the major concerns of the OWRCP is the rehabilitation and modernization of the existing irrigation projects which are presently operating at a sub-optimal level. There has been disparity in delivery systems with unwarranted supply to the head reaches and scarcity of water in the tail ends, which resulted in chronic waterlogging and possibly salinization. The investments under the OWRCP in this component will bring relief to 240,000 ha of irrigated command area. The overall socio-economic and environmental benefits from the rehabilitation and improved O&M outweigh any potential adverse environmental effects. The dominant long term beneficial impacts associated with the rehabilitation and improved O&M of these sub-projects would be a reduction in disparities and an improved rationalization of irrigation water supply with direct economic benefits to water users and CCA communities. The reduction of over-irrigation in head reaches will increase yields, while reliable water supply to the tail ends will increase yields substantially. Because of improved water management waterlogging of the soil will reduce, soil salinity will decrease, since the process of leaching of salts out of the top soil to deeper layers is accelerated by increased supply of fresh irrigation water. The overall effect will be an increase in the agricultural productivity of both rice and other irrigated crops, which will be overwhelmingly beneficial for the farmer communities.
Improved water management will reduce the area of potential mosquito breeding habitats and will likely reduce the transmission rates of malaria, elephantiasis and other waterborne diseases. The health department will be responsible for monitoring the incidence of malaria and other waterborne diseases. In case of increased incidence rates the Health Department will take adequate curative and preventive actions to counter act the increase of malaria cases.
Increase in the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticides due to development of irrigated agriculture is expected to be at a modest level. The adverse effects due to contamination of groundwater are not apprehended. It is recommended that over time Integrated Pest Management (IPM) methods for rice could be further developed and implemented in the project area. This reduces the pesticide loading rates and makes the introduction of rice-cum-fish farming feasible in the paddy fields, which further enhances the socio-economic situation of the farmers (less expenses for pesticides and extra income and proteins from fish) and improves the nutritional status.
Although water quality in general is still good in Orissa, locally heavy water pollution occurs and the trend is a deterioration in water quality. Therefore it is recommended to monitor water quality in the irrigation water supply and drainage canals of each of the SIFT projects to obtain information in relation to irrigation water quality and to safeguard public health interests. Special attention has to be paid to heavy metals and other hazardous chemicals possibly discharged upstream by industries and mines. The establishment of a water quality base-line is urgent. Water quality data in the rabi (dry) season are most indicative, since pollutants are concentrated in this period. Water quality monitoring in drainage canals should be used for salt balance calculations and are indicative for status of salinization in the project areas.
The execution of these sub-projects under the OWRCP will be overall environmentally beneficial. - 239 - Annex 12 Page 7 of 21
5.2 Environmental Impacts of Scheme Completion Projects
The three medium scheme completions under the OWRCP are located in the southern and western parts of Orissa. These potential projects have been subjected to an environmental analysis. Impacts on flora and fauna, forest submergence, catchment treatment etc., were investigated.
The completion of medium sized projects, in overall, will be environmentally beneficial, as the production of foodgrains and the creation of employment opportunities will go a long way to alleviate the suffering of rural the populations. In one of the medium projects, i.e. Upper Jonk project some old archaeological monuments of Marauder Valley will be submerged in the reservoir. In order to rehabilitate the monuments, as well as to preserve archaeological findings a museum will be set up for which Rs. 1.0 million has been placed with the Department of Tourism, Sports and Culture.
In case of the three major projects candidates identified under the OWRCP, the Rengali Irrigation project, the Naraj Barrage and Mahanadi-Chitrotpala Island Irrigation project, the scope of work for two projects relates to the development of the command area. The loss of forest in the command area is marginal. The second project relates to replacement of century old Naraj barrage. There will be no submergence or loss of forest, rather it will ensure flood control and stabilize irrigation systems in the coastal districts of Puri and Cuttack of Orissa. The Naraj weir is now showing signs of distress and having many failure indicators. This structure is more than a centuries old and may give way at any point of time thereby may cause dislocation of 206,000 ha of irrigation systems. The environrmentalimpacts of the Naraj Barrage are dealt with in more detail below.
The establishment of irrigation command areas for the above projects will form a marginal potential health risk due to the spread of malaria and other waterborne diseases. Necessary preventive measure for control of malaria will be taken up by the Health Department. Any change in incidence rates of malaria or other waterborne diseases has to be followed by curative and preventive action from the side of the Health Department.
Also in these project areas it is recommended to start a water quality program in each of the completion projects in order to guarantee a safe irrigation water supply. Water quality samples in the rabi (dry) season are most important, since pollutants are more concentrated in this period. Special attention should be paid to heavy metals and other hazardous chemicals, discharged by upstream industries and mines. Water quality monitoring in drainage channels should be used for salt balance calculations and are indicative for the status of salinization in the project areas.
The Rengali Irrigation project, will affect some forest land in the barrage area and in the canal alignment. Adequate steps have already been taken or are in the process of negotiation for creation of compensatory afforestation as required to be complied under statutory provision of the Forest Conservation Act. The formation of a barrage for this project will displace around 2,450 persons, who are required to be resettled and rehabilitated as per policy of Government of Orissa. The R&R process is already well underway. - 240 - Annex 12 Page 8 of 21
Naraj Barrage
The replacement of the Naraj weir is urgently needed. It will be replaced by a barrage with gates for flow regulation. These gates will serve a triple purposes, i.e.:
(i) Increase the discharge in the Mahanadi arm; (ii) Control the discharge in the Kuakhai river; and, (iii) Manage intelligentlythe freshwater and sediment inflow into Lake Chilika, in order to maintain the brackish water state of this unique Ramsar site and to reduce salutation of the lake.
Positive impacts of the Naraj Barrage are:
(I) Ensure irrigation water to 206,000 ha of fertile land in delta stage-I command area of the Mahanadi Delta, which is otherwise vulnerable to disruption in any point of time; (ii) Providing flood protection and silt reduction loading to 160,000 ha in the delta stage II area; (iii) Ensuring regulation of floods in the Kuakhai arm to its safe bank full capacity up to a flood of 28,300 cumecs in the Mahanadi at Head of delta (i.e. Naraj); (iv) Providing a management tool for the management of Lake Chilika. Up to a flood of 28,300 cumecs at the Naraj Barrage, the freshwater and the sediment inflow into Lake Chilika can be regulated. The operational rules of the Naraj Barrage have to be developed in such a manner that intelligent operation of the Naraj Barrage will result into the conservation of this unique ecosystem with respect to the salinity gradient and the sediment loading rates. It should be noticed, that only around 50% of the freshwater inflow into Lake Chilika comes from the Mahanadi River the rest originates from the small rivers around the lake. Also the salinity gradient is further determined by the drainage cuts directly to the sea and by the width and depth of the mouth of Lake Chilika to the sea; (v) In case the Naraj Weir is not replaced by the new Naraj Barrage and the old weir collapses, there will be no irrigation water in Delta Stage I (most of the water will flow through the Kathjori Branch) and there will be extensive long term flooding in the Delta Stage II area and there will flow too much freshwater and sediment to Lake Chilika, which will cause the breakdown of the Chilika Lake ecosystem; and, (vi) Providing an alternate communication link from Cuttack to Bhubaneswar the state capital and reduce traffic congestion in the National Highway-5.
Negative Impacts of the Naraj Barrage are:
The Naraj Barrage itself has very limited, if any, adverse impacts. The adverse impacts might arise for Lake Chilika, if the operational rules of the Naraj Barrage do not take into account the freshwater needs (positive as well as negative needs) for Lake Chilika (preliminary estimates indicate that Lake Chilika needs are approximately 1,400 million m3/year of total freshwater inflow from the Mahanadi River to maintain the salinity gradient, as indicated by the Chilika Development Authority; these figures should be refined through a comprehensive monitoring program). An environmental study will be - 241 - Annex 12 Page 9 of 21
commissioned, executed by an international renown consultant, for the development of the operational rules of the Naraj Barrage in conjunction with the existing and planned drainage cuts, in order to achieve the 3 objectives of the Naraj Barrage, as mentioned above.
Monitoring and Evaluation
(i) The freshwater needs of Lake Chilika have to be based on the results of a salinity gradient monitoring scheme, which will be executed by the Chilika Development Authority (monthly monitoring is already ongoing for two years). This salinity gradient monitoring scheme forms part of an extensive monitoring scheme, which includes also sediment monitoring by means of remote sensing imagery. The Chilika Development Authority needs to be member of the Water Resources Board, where water allocations are discussed. An excellent communication line is necessary between the DOWR and the Chilika Development Authority in order to allocate the necessary quantity of freshwater for Chilika Lake. (ii) Water quality monitoring in the Mahanadi River just upstream of the Naraj Barrage in order to obtain information in relation to irrigation water quality and to determine pollution loading rates for the irrigation schemes and for Lake Chilika from the Mahanadi River. Special attention has to be paid to heavy metals and other possible hazardous chemicals discharged upstream by industries and mines. This is a precaution, since water quality in Orissa is in general still good, but in some river stretches heavy pollution occurs by unchecked industrial discharges and mine tail waters. (iii) Necessary fish pass ladder in the structure to be provided for movement of aquatic species. (iv) Survey of endangered aquatic species be taken up in Mahanadi River for preventing and extinction of rare species. Migratory behavior and breeding cycle of aquatic fauna to be studied. (v) To ensure adequate discharge downstream for following: - Mangrove ecosystem; - Aquatic flora fauna, - Fisheries resources in the estuary and the nearby coastal inshore area; and, - Salinity ingress.
All the five medium schemes and the three potential major schemes to be taken up under the OWRCPwill be environmentally beneficial,as assurance of food production and creation of employment opportunities will outweigh any marginal adverse impacts.
5.3 Other Water Sector Related Issues
Some of the works which do not involve physical execution, but have significant bearing on the development of the water resources sector, are also subjected to environmental impact assessment, are presented below. - 242 - Annex 12 Page 10 of 21
5.3.1 River Basin Multi-Sectoral Planning
The key issues involved in restructuring of DOWR is to create the Orissa Water Planning Organization (OWPO) with primary objective to tackle multi-sectoral demands with integration of environmental considerations.
The multi-sectoral approach to river basin planning with due considerations to environmental requirements such as protection of ecologically sensitive areas and retention of adequate pollution assimilative capacity would offer a basic frame work for integrated sustainable development planning for all natural resources. The integration of environmental considerations at the early planning stage will not only be helpful for allocation of water resources to multi-sectoral users, but ensure conservation and water quality protection and will help in monitoring all sensitive environmental issues by way of establishing an Environmental Management task force for each river basin. As such the up-front EIA work done for the planning of river basins and consequent multi-sectoral planning will increase the environmental sustainabilityconsiderably, as compared to the present approach.
5.3.2 Institutional Strengthening
Most aspects of the institutional restructuring of DOWR attempt to improve the capabilities and efficiencies of water resources planning and management. Substantial benefit would be obtained by creation of a broad based administrative machinery for development of water resources and integrating multi-disciplinaryapproaches to water resource planning. The most effective positive contribution will be the establishment and operation of the two Environmental Assessment cells in the River Basin Planning and Project Preparation and Formulation Directorates. This will build up the in-house environmental assessment capabilities for the water sector for the present set-up as well as for the future institutional set-up. The extensive training and technical assistance components are meant to strengthen the two EA cells in DOWR.
5.3.3 Ground Water Development
The total groundwater potential is estimated at 1,700,400 ham (hectare meter). Out of which annual utilization is limited to 143,914 ham, which less than 10% of the total potential available. As a vast groundwater resource remains untapped the development of a groundwater master plan is needed and its development has to be integrated with surface water utilization in the different river basins of Orissa, so that the adverse impacts are avoided and water resources are rationally and sustainably used.
5.3.4 Water Quality
The water quality situation in certain parts of Orissa is becoming very critical, particularly in the Angul/Talcher region of the mid-Brahmani Basin. This reach has become extremely polluted due to the concentration of large numbers of industries and calls for strategic planning to protect the water quality in this reach of the river. A necessary action plan will be drawn up in consultation with the State Pollution Control Board to protect this reach of the Brahmani Basin, as well as other critical areas of the Mahanadi and Rushikulya Basins. - 243 - Annex 12 Page 11 of 21
It can be said, that in general the water quality in Orissa is still good, although the situation is rapidly changing, as is indicated above.
5.3.5 Community Health
The growing incidence of malaria and other waterborne diseases among the rural mass is causing worry in recent times. The rehabilitation and modernization of existing projects under SIFT component of the OWRCP will go a long way in reduction of the above mentioned diseases, as better water management will help to reduce the number of breeding habitats for mosquitoes. Further necessary steps will be taken in consultation with health officials. A monitoring plan will be drawn up to take monitor changes in incidence rates of malaria. If changes are observed adequate preventive and curative measures for malaria control in the command areas of the irrigation systems will be taken.
5.3.6 Other Environmental Issues
Besides above issues, the river basin planning efforts to be taken up under the OWRCP will ensure an optimum use of water resources and integrate flood control and drought management. The catchment treatment program to be drawn up in consultation with the Soil Conservation Department will reduce silt inflow over time and protect the lifetime of the reservoirs in the state. Further, the OWRCP will ensure adequate funding of canal maintenance and the operational program of canal water supply will reduce the growth of aquatic weeds and ensure a better water management in the command areas.
6. ENVIRONMENTAL CAPABILITIES
The environmental expertise available amongst the various Government of Orissa Departments is very limited. Only a few Departments and organizations, like the Department of Forest and Environment, the State Pollution Control Board and the Orissa Remote Sensing Application Center and some others, have acquired some knowledge and have developed a methodology for environmental impact assessment, as they have been entrusted with routine environmental assessment work of projects related to their discipline. Besides some departments, like DOWR, Industries and Fisheries and others, have developed limited capabilities for processing their projects, so as to comply with the statutory requirements, as enforced under the Environmental Protection Act-1986, and the Forest Conservation Act-1980.
However with the commencement of the Sectoral EA study and the preparation of the Sectoral Environmental Assessment report for the OWRCP, a genuine and positive interest of integration of Environmental Management with Water Resource Development has developed, which will ultimately enhance the capability of DOWR officials. The formation of two EA cells in the DOWR, one under the Basin Planning Directorate and the other under the Project Preparation and Formulation Directorate will build up the capabilities of DOWR officials, which is one of the OWRCP's investment priorities for institutional restructuring and developing capabilities within the DOWR. - 244 - Annex 12 Page 12 of 21
7. ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION PLAN
An Environmental Action Plan has been prepared covering a period of 7 years, i.e. from 1995-2002 for developing the environmental assessment and management capabilities within DOWR. These environmental assessment capabilities will be utilized for the integration of environmental aspects into the State Water Plan, and into the River Basin and Sub-Basin Plans, as well as in the specific Project Formulation Plans. These capabilities will also develop awareness amongst the officers of DOWR for efficiently managing water allocations amongst the cross sectoral users with the objective of water conservation and the optimal use of water resources. The development of the water resources of the state will be in conformity with the policy of the Environmental Management Plan outlined in the State Water Policy.
7.1 Priority Environmental Action Plan Components
The overall priority of the Environmental Action Plan is the formation of the EA cells and the training of the EA staff in DOWR, in order to integrate environmental concerns into the project planning and river basin planning activities of DOWR, to achieve a more environmentally sustainable development of water resources in Orissa.
The two EA cells will be formed by incremental staff financed on a declining basis through the OWRCP(to increase sustainabilityafter the OWRCP is finished), each consisting of 6 professional and 2 technical staff members. This incremental staff will be partly recruited from within the DOWR, while special environmental, public health, water quality, forestry and other specialized staff will be recruited from other departments in Orissa or from all ovtr India. All the professionals will receive, during the seven years of the OWRCP, an intensive training in the fields related to their functions. These training programs will be in foreign and local universities, in local technical institutions (e.g. NEERI), in international seminars and conferences, special training courses within the state in the WALMI.
The staff of two EA cells will receive an on-the-job training by renown international consultants (30 man months), assisted by highly qualified Indian consultants (60 man months). These consultants come only a few months per year, in the form of twinning arrangement, to provide hands-on training. Both foreign (13 man months) and Indian(30 man months) consultants will be experienced water resources EA experts. The on-the-job training will be partly provided by elaborating real EA case studies, e.g. Upper Jonk, Harabhangi, Naraj Barrage and others.
The remaining 17 man months for foreign consultants and 30 man months for Indian consultants will be filled by consultants with a specific expertise required in that period by the DOWR. The Technical Assistance has been set up in such a flexible way that it caters maximallyto the needs of the DOWR EA cells.
The general functions and responsibilities of the two EA cells in the OWPO and the CE-PF are indicated in Table 7.1. However, there are certain specific components, projects, case studies and environmental data compilation tasks which should be designated as priority items. These have -245 - Annex 12 Page 13 of 21
been selected as they would provide key background data and appropriate experience for other OWRCP projects and future EA work within the Department (e.g. inputs to river basin plans and setting of project priorities).
7.2 State Water Policy
The State Water Policy was adopted by the Government of Orissa in April 1994. The State Water Policy has lid a specific emphasis on the implementation of an Environmental Management Plan. This plan includes identification of adverse impacts in the planning stage of a project and take mitigating steps to obviate or avoid these adverse impacts. The Environmental Management Plan will take steps for rehabilitation measures, afforestation, relocation of historical/cultural monuments, taking into account the water and other needs of sanctuaries and of wildlife habitats affected by the project, investigate downstream impacrs on estuarine and coastal fisheries and on salt intrusion of water diversions for irrigation, implement as well as taking remedial measures to mitigate the effects of waterlogging and salinization.
7.3 Institutional Strengthening
As a follow up action of the strengthening of the Department of Water Resources and the establishment of two EA cells, the Government of Orissa created the Water Resources Board (WRB) under the Chairmanship of the Chief Secretary of the state which will be the highest policy making authority for framing a strategy for the development of the water resources of the state. There is also need for a coordinated approach between the various water managers and users departments to inter-act and integrate environmental considerations into different sectoral uses of water resources. The WRB should meet once three months, even in absence of the chairman, to discuss new issues and take decisions on pending ones. The water Resources Board constituted a multi-disciplinaryenvironmental subgroup with departments, like the Departments of Water Resources, Agriculture, Energy, Industries, Urban Development, Rural Development, Planning & Coordination, and Forest and Environment Department, to which the Chilika Development Authority belongs (the Chilika Development Authority should also be a member of the WRB), for assisting the Water Resources Board for taking policy decisions on environmental matters conforming to the environmental needs laid down in the National and State Water Policies. There is strong need for a streamlined communication between the various organizations related to the water sector and it is recommended that the WRB should authorize the Environmental Sub-group to meet once in two months convened by the Chief Engineer for Water Planning, to prepare the agenda, sort out problems and settle issues for development of sound environmental management of the water sectors of the state. Development activities will fully integrate environmental and sustainability aspects, so that the overall impacts will be environmentally beneficial.
As already mentioned, one of the key issue involved in the strategy of the "Environmental Action Plan" is to set up two EA cells with the specific designated purpose to develop necessary managerial capabilities. The two environmental cells will be formed in:
1. Basin Planning Directorate; and, 2. Project Preparation and Formulation Directorate - 246 - Annex 12 Page 14 of 21
They will have the following specific objectives:
1) Basin Planning Directorate EA cell:
a) Setting up Environmental data base management system; b) Preparing EA guidelines conforming to Ministry of Environment Stipulation & other acts of state and central Government; c) Integration of EA Components in preparation of river basin plans; d) Preparation of water conservation management measures and multi-sectoral water allocations for integration in the state water plans; and, e) Integrating NHP activities related to Environmental Assessment; and;
2) Project Preparation Formulation Directorate EA cell:
a) Preparation of comprehensive baseline inventories of Environmental issues of all completed projects for storage into the Environmental Database; b) Undertake detailed EA assessments of ten projects undertaken in the OWRCP, c) Monitor and implement Environmental Management Plans of OWRCP sub- projects; and, d) Undertake required liaison with other state agencies, like the State Pollution Control Board for the preservation of water quality. Execute water quality analysis of the supply and drainage channels of individual projects, in order avoid public health hazards caused by polluted irrigation water supplies. Pay special attention to the measurement of heavy metals and other hazardous chemicals in irrigation supply water. Salinity data from the drainage channels can be used for the calculation of a salt balance of the area and are indicative for the degree of salinization in the area.
7.4 Measurement and Monitoring Capability
The Orissa Water Planning Organization (OWPO) will monitor and measure all aspects of surface water hydrology including water quality i.e. siltload, bedload, salinity, organic and inorganic pollutants, including heavy metals and other hazardous chemicals. The National Hydrology Project will set up central and field laboratories to monitor all aspects of water quality. The State Data Center will develop computerized facilities for storage, retrieval and dissemination of all relevant data for study and research purposes. The proposed OWPO will ensure the development of a comprehensive state hydrological and water quality data base for surface and groundwater and develop facilities for interaction with other state agencies. Euroconsult/Delft Hydraulics, the consultants engaged for river basin planning are installing two water quality models, like Delwaq (Water Quality) and WLM (Waste Load Model) for study and monitoring of the water quality status of Orissa rivers.
Both EA cells in DOWR will have their own laboratory for their own investigations, for the preparation of EA studies, to identify water quality problems in irrigation supply water and for other purposes related to their functions. - 247 Annex 12 Page 15 of 21
7.5 Ground Water Management
The ground water development agency, which is at present administratively under the Rural Development Department will be brought ultimately under the control of the Department of Water Resources, which will facilitate the conjunctive use of surface and groundwater, since it is under the same agency. The planning and management of all water resources by one agency will avoid waterlogging as well as excessive withdrawal of groundwater. The utilization of the groundwater potential is at present at a low level and only 10% of the available resources is utilized. As such there is a need for a master plan for the development of groundwater resources, which should integrate environmental concerns.
Since the level of groundwater utilization is still low, this is the right time to develop groundwater legislation, including the issuing of licenses and water charges, for the sustainable use of groundwater resources. If one waits with the development of groundwater legislation until the time groundwater resources are extensively used, it will be difficult to implement this type of legislation, since people are accustomed to the free use of the resource.
7.6 Catchment Management
Watershed management will form an integral part of environmental management in order to control sediment inflow into the reservoirs. Instead of a project specific approach, a detailed watershed management master plan will be prepared for each individual basin, in consultation with the Soil Conservation and Forest Departments of the Government of Orissa. The EA cells formed under the DOWR will be assigned with the task of preparing watershed management plans as part of environmental studies for river basins. The directives issued by the Central Water Commission in November 1993 for preparation of catchment treatment plans will be integrated in the above management plan.
7.7 Consultancy Services & Training
There are limited capabilities amongst DOWR officials to study and integrate environmental issues in the state water plan. The two environmental cells to be constituted will be headed by Engineers of DOWR, although environmental specialist staff will be recruited from other departments in Orissa or from all over India. As such it is very much essential and desirable to offer the necessary training facilities to engineers in the National Institutes of India and abroad. As mentioned before, the OWRCP includes an extensive training program and a strong Technical Assistance component, of local and foreign consultants, for technical advice and on-the-job training. These consultants will guide the DOWR EA staff in the preparation of EA studies. These local and foreign consultants, which will only come for a few months in a year, but for a period of seven year (a kind of twinning arrangement) will be engaged to guide the engineers and specialist staff in the development of master plans in which environmental issues related of water resources development are integrated and tackled. The Water and Land Management Institute (WALMI) of the Government of Orissa will play an active part in organizing seminars, workshops as well as acts as consultants for training the state engineers in environmental issues. - 248 - Annex 12 Page 16 of 21
7.8 Applied Research Program
Necessary basin development study has already been initiated under the OWRCP. Accordingly an international repute consultant "Euroconsult/Delft Hydraulics" of the Netherlands has been appointed to take up an in depth study of the development of the water resources of the state. The consultant commenced their work by the first week of November 1994. The consultant in their scope of work will take up studies for integration of environmental issues in the river basin plans and will identify topics for carrying out research by the state engineers. Necessary research program for above environmental studies will drawn up by WALMI under the OWRCP. Innovative applied and problem solving research, under certain conditions, can be funded under the OWRCP.
7.9 Funding
In the preliminary break up of investments under the OWRCP, a provision of around Rs. 58 million (including technical assistance) has been kept for funding of the environmental action plan. The OWRCP will fund the entire Environmental Action Plan, including incremental and specialist environmental staff, extensive training, and technical assistance, set-up of two laboratories and equipment. In summary, the cost of the Environmental Action Plan for the DOWR in the 1995- 2002 period based on setting up and operating the two EA cells as outlined above are:
Program for River Basin Planning EA cell US$ 485,097 Program for Project Planning and Formulation EA cell US$ 484,516 Training and Technical Assistance US$ 898,467
Total for the OWRCP Environmental Action Plan US$ 1,868,080
7.10 Overall Assessment
As a part of the institutional changes, the Department of Irrigation has already been re-designated as Department of Water Resources. The Government of Orissa, as a follow up action, has already constituted the Water Resources Board (WRB), the apex body of the state for development and management of water resources of the state. The WRB is headed by the Chief Secretary of the state. The WRB will decide about water allocation among the various water users. The above institutional changes along with the long term integrated river basin plans to be formulated, will be environmentally beneficial to the state. The rehabilitation of completed projects, to be taken up under the OWRCP, will provide the tools for equitable water distribution among the users and for a more sustainable development. This will facilitate upgrading and environmental protection for various natural resources in the state of Orissa. The completion of on going economically viable projects will ensure increase in food production and create employment opportunities in the rural areas. As a whole, investments made under the OWRCP will be environmentally beneficial to the state of Orissa. - 249 - Annex 12 Page 17 of 21
TABLE 7.1 SUMMARY OF MAIN FUNCTIONS, RESPONSIBILITIES AND TASKS FOR DOWR ENVIRONMENTAL CELLS
A. Orissa Water Planning Organization (OWPO)
1. Identify and prioritize projects for development, including due consideration for environmental and water allocation constraints and the development of mitigating measures (e.g. downstream pollution assimilation, freshwater allocation to conservation areas like Lake Chilika to maintain ecosystem functions).
2. Set-up and operate an Environmental Data Base Management System (EDBMS), including a Reference Library.
3. Research applicable environmental assessment legislation, legal obligations, EA techniques on behalf of DOWR.
4. Prepare environmental overviews and assessments (EAs), including mitigation and monitoring plans, as integral inputs to river basin and sub-basin plans.
5. Advise DOWR senior management and WRB on environmental legislation, water conservation and environmental awareness policy and programs relevant to water resource sectoral interests.
6. Prepare Environmental Assessment guidelines applicable to and departmental procedures for EAs for river basin planning and project EAs to be submitted for format evaluation by State and federal authorities.
7. Prepare EA Terms of Reference (TOR) for prioritized projects for implementation by the EA cell of Project Formulation and Planning Directorate.
8. Research and advise DOWR senior management on Departmental EA training requirements and internal environmental awareness programs.
9. Participate as requested by DOE (Department of Energy) in reviews of EAs for non-water resource sector projects affecting water allocations, pollution or regional planning.
10. Assist with planning for and supervision of the Department's National Hydrological Program's (NHP) water quality monitoring program; including liaison with the Project Formulation and Planning EA cell. - 230 - Annex 12 Page 18 of 21
TABLE 7.1 SUMMARY OF MAIN FUNCTIONS, RESPONSIBILITIES AND (Cont'd) TASKS FOR DOWR ENVIRONMENTAL CELLS
B. Project Planning and Formulation Directorate (CE-PF)
1. Undertake or commission any environmental reconnaissance or initial environmental examination for major or controversial projects.
2. Prepare EA plans, programs and budgets for projects under investigation by Project Planning and Formulation Directorate.
3. Negotiate, initiate and supervise preparation of project specific EAs by external consultants.
4. Undertake either internally or by external consultancy:
(a) project benchmark or background environmental and socio-economic surveys;
(b) project post-implementation environmental evaluation in liaison with OWPO, as necessary.
5. Prepare required proforma documents and supporting reports required for Forest and Environmental Clearances; including liaison and follow-up requests for additional data.
6. Prepare arrangements for implementation of project specific Environmental Monitoring and Management Programs (EMMP).
7. Liaise with District and Local authorities, DOE, Forest and Environment Department, Chilika Development Authority, SPCB and CPCB and CWC and/or MOEF regarding submission and approval EAs for specific projects being planned.
8. Participate as requested by DOE and other departments in EA reviews of non- sectoral projects affecting specific water resource projects being planned by CE- PF. - 25! - Annex 12 Page 19 of 21
TABLE 7.2 INDIA ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT RECOMMENDED ACTIONS AND IMPACTS
ISSUES/OBJECTIVES ACTIONS IMPACTS
State Policies required, integration of Formulation of Orissa State Water Policy (Issued in April Policy frame work now environmental management in policy 1994) established fully objectives. integrating environmental needs.
Improve water resources planning and Re-designated the Irrigation Department of Orissa as Creation of Orissa management (integrating Department of Water Resource in March 1994, Water Planning environmental management) incorporating total water planning and management Organization decided - Establish institutions. functions of the state. by the State Govt. - Undertake basin and state water planning and Water Resources Board (WRB) constituted as apex body Program for Water allocation of water through of the Government of Orissa in August 1993 to decide all Planning incorporating WRB. matters related to Water Resource Development of the enviromnental State. Sub-committee of WRB instituted to decide concerns established. exclusively environmental issues relating to multi- disciplinary aspects of development of Water Resources.
Out of 11 basins, 4 preliminary basin assessments are completed and work on the remaining 7 basins is in progress.
Induction of International Consultants "Euroconsult/Delft Hydraulics" approved and work commenced in November 1994.
lImprove Environmental Capabilities - Constituted Environmental Management To provide specific (in planning, management, Committee for irrigation, multipurpose high level attention monitoring, environmental assessment schemes within DOWR. and expertise to and implementation). environmental matters - Created Environmental Cell in River Basin in water planning. Planning and Project Preparation and Formulation Directorates. -Responsible for carrying out EIA for -l To set up two Laboratories, one for each EA ongoing and proposed cell. schemes. -Responsible for - To set up Laboratories at Central as well as at functional aspects of basin level under NHP. environmental activities at field level. - Create Water Resource Data Center under -Monitoring of water NHP. quality and point pollution episodes. -Measurement and monitoring capability would increase. - 252 - Annex 12 Page 20 of 21
Improve water management of System improvement, improved water management, Improved water irrigation systems (better distribution, farmers participation and improved maintenance. distribution, water use efficiency, drainage and rationalization in water maintenance) supply, reduction in waterlogging, soil salinity and disparities in water supply, improved drainage systems, reduction of health hazards by removal of stagnation of water.
Increasing coverage of irrigation areas Drawing of investment program of ongoing major and Increased output from of state by completion of potential medium projects, system development and enhancement agricultural sector, viable ongoing projects. of management of DOWR. reduction of pressure from rainfed areas, improving employment potentialities of the state.
Handle floods and manage droughts. Prepare basin flood and drought management plans. Security of life during floods. Prevention of environmental damages due to flooding. Helps to meet the drought, shortage of drinking water, food for the people and cattle fodder.
Catchment Management Preparation of basin plans and identifying degraded Reduces siltation, - Reduced Catchment Soil catchments. prevents erosion. Erosion and Siltation of Intensive investigation and development of improved Restoration of Reservoirs. watershed management plans. vegetative cover. - Eco-restoration of Drawing-up of immediate and long term soil conservation The capacity of the impoverished catchments and catchment treatment measures. reservoir is maintained and designed life of projects is ensured.
Applied research to solve sectoral Identifying and implementing research program at Water Help to prepare and problems. and Land Management Institute (WALMI) of Orissa on implement EAP and Engagement of consultants for basin subjects like: solve sectoral planning studies/environment - Environmental Management problems. management etc. - Improved Water Management - Euroconsult of the Netherlands appointed as Capacity to find consultants of basin Planning and they solutions to commenced work in November 1994. environmental problems.
Consultants to develop expertise and assist in research program and traing. - 253 - Annex 12 Page 21 of 21
|EAprocedures and guidelines Preparationand implementationof proceduresand EA proceduresand guidelinesfor enviromnentalassessment in conformity guidelinesintegrated with Nationaland StateWater Policies,Rules and in formulation,design LegislativeActs. and constuction of DOWR. EA Cells in OWPOand CE-PFestablished.
Availabilityof consultancyservices Engagementof internationalwater sector environmnental Help OWPOand Basin and training. expert, for 13 man months. Short-termenvironmental Managerto implement expert for 17 man months. Local water sector EAP Multi-disciplinary environmentalexpert for 30 man months. Short-term approachon environmentalexperts with specificexpertise, for 30 man environmentalmatters months. established. Environmnental These environmentaltechnical assistance will provide awarenessis created in on-the-jobtraining in generaland specialist other Govt. environmentaltopics and provideshort term courseson Departmentsand the specialistenvironmental topics to DOWR's general public. environmentalstaff. Awarenesstraining for staff. University(foreign and local) and local environmental institutionstraining courses. Seminarsand workshopsto create environmentalawareness in Government's Departmentsand in the generalpublic.
- 254 - Annex 13 Page 1 of 4
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Training and Technical Assistance
1. Training and Technical Assistance. The extensive reorganization and institutional strengthening to be undertaken under the project, and the major initiatives in the areas of water planning, farmer participation and turnover, systems improvement, environmental management and business skills such as management information systems and programming and budgeting, would require substantial training and technical assistance throughout the DOWR. Training and consultancy needs have been prepared by DOWR and the Bank for each management unit and are detailed in their respective cost tables at Annex 18. Each CE would be responsible for managing the specific training and consultancy relevant to his management unit, but would receive administrative support frorfi a Training and Technical Assistance officer in the EIC's office. Overall coordination of training for all management units would be through WALMI, using their own resources or contracted training providers. The EIC would provide general guidance and would balance the needs between DOWR units. Training would focus on strengthening skills in all engineering areas including operations and maintenance, systems rehabilitation and modernization (including major focus on the skills required for farmer organization and turnover) water planning, environmental management, design and construction, and supporting skill development associated with technologies or management techniques relatively new to DOWR such as financial management skills, programming and budgeting, computerization, computer aided design, remote sensing and management information systems. To allow for the transfer of appropriate skills from consultants to DOWR staff, technical assistance would be linked in all cases to staff training through association of staff with consultant assignments and interlinked formal training as practicable. National and international study tours, training courses and temporary assignments with experienced water agencies would also be used to provide first-hand exposure to successful farmer organization & turnover programs, new technologies in engineering, water planning, environmental management, etc., and new corporate management techniques. 2. Consultancy arrangements would include small consultancies with individuals or firms as needed, but would primarily be through a single contact throughout the project period under one main consultancy and training contract comprising a "twinning arrangement" with an experienced consultancy group. All consultancy selection would follow Bank guidelines. The twinning arrangement would be with a consortium of several firms or specialist institutions, likely including one international firm and one domestic firm, plus other firms/institutes as may be considered appropriate in the offers by consortia and as may be accepted in final selection of the most qualified offer. The central skill areas for an acceptable consortium, that might not be found in one firm or agency, would comprise all aspects of irrigation engineering, water planning and modeling, environmental management, and hands-on irrigation management, particularly in O&M, general and corporate management techniques, and beneficiary participation, plus capacity to provide or arrange training in all of the above areas. The international firm or principal international firm would be the lead partner and have overall responsibility for mobilizing the consultancy and training support required. The contract would provide a basic expertise and - 255 -
Annex 13 Page 2 of 4 training input annually, including some core senior staff providing continuity of visits, and access to other specializations and training on an "as needed" basis, with flexibility retained and provided for in the consultancy and training budget of the contract. Selection would be through an initial invitation and subsequent prequalification of'interested firms (in their prequalification offers the firms would advise of any intended partners), followed by short listing by DOWR of about 4 (range 3 to 5) firms or groups of firms for submission of detailed offers. A contract over the full project period would be agreed at the outset, with flexibilityfor annual variations based on an annual review of consultancy and related training needs between DOWR and the consortium in consultation with GOO's OWRCP Project Monitoring Committee, and IDA. The above procedures would provide the expertise required while limiting constraints frequently found in India of obtaining individual clearances, especially for consultants and training requiring foreign exchange. Suitably qualified and experienced NGOs would be recruited for implementation of the Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R) Action Plans (main report para 2.36 and Annex 10), and as community organizers for farmer participation and turnover (main report para 2.13).
3. Training. The DOWR has developed a flexible training program to satisfy its overall training needs based on the present staff complement of about 2500 Junior Engineers and about 1200 engineers at Assistant Engineer level and above. These engineers must perform a wide variety of technical and administrative duties related to water resource development and management. The key to a successful training program over the life of WRCP will be to provide for diversity among disciplines requiring training and to make the program flexible enough to meet changing requirements of the DOWR including planning, design, construction, operations and maintenance, the FOT program and administrative needs of an organization now poised for a rapid technological evolution as exemplified in its plan for attaining modem Information Technology status. Thus, reasonable contingencies in costing of an anticipated training program have been allowed in the broad areas of water planning and plan formulation, construction planning and design management, financial and administrative management, environmental management, irrigation management, systems operation and maintenance, rehabilitation and resettlement, telemetry and telecommunications, remote sensing and other advanced technologies, as well as incorporate management skills and some social science areas. The consultancy and training needs of the SIFT program, especially the farrmerorganization and turnover aspects, may require additional needs, particularly in training and staff visits in India and overseas to successful examples of community participation and turnover. Further definition of training specialties to be entered into are given in Attachment 1. As noted in para I above, it will also be incumbent upon providers of Technical Assistance to include technology and know-how transfer as a central feature within the TOR for OWRCP consultancies.
4. Training providers will be many and diverse ranging from individual training consultants to institutions, all of which have not as yet been identified. A summary of potential providers within Orissa follow:
(a) Water and Land Management Institute (WALMI)
(b) Engineering College of four State universities
(c) Gopandhu Institute of Administration Training (GIAT) - 256 - Annex 13 Page 3 of 4
(d) Institute of Engineers, Orissa Chapter
(e) Other private Firms and Institutions.
WALMI, which is also under administrative head of DOWR, conducts regular courses for the benefit of engineers but is presently deficient in a number of specialties that will be required throughout WRCP implementation. Nevertheless, it is intended that WALNI provide overall coordination and identification of training activities as may be possible. WALMI would also be strengthened in some core areas required for the OWRCP. It is also certain that all technical training needs cannot be met by the State's engineering colleges nor would administrative training by GIAT meet all requirements.
5. It is apparent that a considerable number of primary training providers necessarily will be from outside Orissa. These providers are many and diverse within India. A partial list being considered by DOWR (by no means exhaustive), follows: (a) Central Water Commission (CWC), Central Training Unit
(b) National Institute of Hydrology (NIH)
(c) Central Board of Irrigation and Power (NBIP)
(d) Water Resources Development Training Centre, University of Roorkee (UOR)
(e) School of Hydrology, UOR
(f) Water Technology Centers (various states)
(g) WALMI (various state)
(h) Indian Meteorological Department (IMID)
(i) Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM)
(j) Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS)
(k) National Informatics Center (NIC)
(I) Indian Institute of Technology (various locations)
(m) National Environment Engineering Research Institute (NEERI)
(n) National Council for Cement and Building Materials
(o) Central Soils and Materials Research Stations
In addition, training at overseas institutes, centers and successful implementing agencies is also envisaged, as well as the retention of overseas consultants for such purposes as may be necessary from time to time. - 257 - Annex 13 Page 4 of 4
6. The total estimated cost of training is Rs. 241 million of which Rs. 141 million would be training from expatriate sources. The basic approach to costing is the upward envelope that 7 to 10 % of a professional staff member's service should be spent in training for upgrading specific knowledge and skills. Due to the simultaneous nature of the DOWR's reorganization processes and implementation of the WRCP, this rationale has been accepted as a starting point for implementation. 7. Technical Assistance. As in the case of training, the technical assistance (or consultancies) program would be the administrative responsibility of the CE in charge of the respective DOWR units, each requiring specialized attention. The agreed technical assistance requirements are therefore envisaged in terms of the needs of the following principal DOWR management activities: Environmental Action Plan; Water Planning; Information Technology; Project Planning, Design, Construction and Quality Control; Systems Improvement and Farmer Turnover (SrFT); Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R); Training Consultant; Project Supervision; and Operations and Maintenance Planning Consultancy. Also as in the case of Training and the programmatic nature of the OWRCP implementation concept, which accepts a large degree of uncertainty and provides capability to adjust to uncertainties over the project period, provision for miscellaneous expenditures amounting to about 14% of total expatriate assistance and 17% of total local assistance needs have been included in the program.
8. Twinning Arrangements. Special provisions for Technical Assistance (TA) would be the management support and overview provided by the EIC through his Training and Technical Assistance officer. In addition, a continuous basis for the support to DOWR would be provided by a "twinning arrangement" with an experienced consultant group or consortium which would provide direct TA and training support or identify and arrange for services of other foreign or national entities for such purpose. The twinning group would undertake comprehensive annual review and report of TA and training needs and results, in consultation with the WRCP Project Monitoring Committee and IDA. The profiles of the consultancy skills required under the twinning arrangement is given in Attachment 2 and were agreed during negotiations.
9. Project Monitoring Committees. Following agreement (prior to negotiations) of the final membership and terms of responsibilities of the Project Monitoring Committee regarding future WRCP consultancies, it is envisaged that the Project Monitoring Committee would comprise the Secretaries of Water Resources (Chairman), Agriculture, Finance, Forest and Environment, Welfare (R&R), the EIC-DOWR, as well as leading professionals in the fields of agronomy, agricultural economics, engineering, finance, etc. In addition to its overall role in Orissa state's monitoring and supervision of the OWRCP, the Project Monitoring Committee would provide general guidance to DOWR on consultancy and training needs and performance. The EIC- DOWR would act as Member Secretary of the OWRCP Project Monitoring Committee and as such receive and distribute all consultancy reports for review and comments and issue directives regarding consultancy and training recommendations as necessary. - 258 - Annex 13 Attachment1 Page 1 of 4 AREAS OF TRAINING UNDER SPECIALIZATION TRAINING COURSE
The broad areas to be covered under specialization training courses are below:
FARMER ORGANIZATION AND TURNOVER:
* Participation, Community Interaction and Motivation Skills * Staff Visits in India and Overseas to Successful Examples of Community Participation and Turnover * Farmer, Community leader and NGO Visits as Above * Step-wise Details of FOT Program and its Implementation * Associated Skills Training (e.g., hydraulics, water management, maintenance, bookkeeping, etc.) * Refresher Training for Site Staff, NGOs and Farmers at Key Stages in FOT Process
2. WATER PLANNING:
* Hydrometeorology * Geohydrology * GIS and Computer Application * Remote Sensing Application * Water balance studies * Areal Photography and its Application to Project Planning * Economic Analysis, B/C, RR, ERR, Discounted Measure * Demography, Urban, Industrial and Public Health (Water & Sanitation) Planning * Environmental Aspect
3. CONSTRUCTION DESIGN
* Design of Canals * Design of Headworks, Dam, Spillway, Barrage/Weir * Design of Cross Drainage Works and Other Conveyance Structures * Design of Control Structures; Flow Control and Level Control * Design of Measurement Structures * Specification and Quality Assurance
4. CONSTRUCTION PLANNING
* PERT * CPM * Other Planning Tools * Geological Mappings * Computer Application on Construction Planning - 259 - Annex13 Attachmnent1 Page 2 of 4 5 CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
* Management Information System * Procurement Planning * Monitoring and Evaluation * Material Management and Inventory Control * Quality Control and Quality Assurance * Geological Exploration
6. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
* Budgeting * Accounting * Financial Audits * Procurement * Analysis of Rates - Computer Application in Financial Management - Use of Modern Tools in Financial Management
7. ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT
* Personnel Management * Water Policy and Implementation * Computer Application * MIS * Labor Welfare and Labor Management
8. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT
* Monitoring of Environment in Connection with DOWR Projects * Pollution and Control * Health Hazard and Preventive Measures * Catchment Treatments * MIS * Remote Sensing Application to Environmental Studies - 260 - Annex 13 AttachmentI Page 3 of 4 9. IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT
* Structured Irrigation: Concept and Planning * Irrigation Scheduling * Crop Scheduling * Micro Planning * Crop Water Requirement and Conjunctive Use * Management Information System * Remote Sensing Application * Computer Application Communication
10. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
* Asset Management * MIS * Diagnostic Analysis * Rehabilitation of Systems * Participatory Maintenance
11. REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT
* Socio-economic Surveys * Community (including tribals) Motivation and Organization * Rapid Rural Appraisal Techniques * Policy Guidelines * Resettlement and Rehabilitation Evaluation
12. COMPUTER APPLICATION
* Generic Software * Language Software * Application Software * GIS * CAD
13. CIVIL CONSTRUCTION
* Standard and Specifications * Construction Technique * Construction Machinery * Quality Control and Quality Assurance * Drilling Grouting * Foundation Engineering * Tunneling - 261 - Annex 13 Attahint 1 Page 4 of 4
14. TELEMETRY AND TELECOMMUNICATION
* Satellite Communication * Telecommunication * Automatic Weather Stations * Remote Sensing * Computer Application * Flood Forecasting
15. REMOTE SENSING APPLICATION
* Irrigation Management * Flood Management * Water Planning - Environmental Management - Groundwater Assessment
16. ADVANCE TECHNOLOGY
* Use of Advance Surveying Equipment MModeling * Mathematical * Physical 3 Analog * Sedimentation and Sediment Transport * Dam Safety * Risk Analysis - 262 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page I of 22
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Management Consultancy & Twinning Arrangements
Selection by DOWR, in consultation with the Bank, of Consortium members would be through prequalification based on capabilities of firms and institutions in fulfillingthe "twinning arrangement" requirements. This information would be obtained from interested candidates, and qualified entities would be short-listed by DOWR for invitation to submit formal offers in each TOR category (attached). - 263 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 2 of 22
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
IMPLEMENTATION CONSULTANCY SUPPORT - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
A. Technical Assistance Under OWRCP
A majority of technical assistance (TA) Positions (along with responsibilities and tasks) identified under the OWRCP would be taken up under the twinning consortium (TWC) arrangement as described above in para. 9 of Annex 13. As such, through the Bank's competitive bidding process, a consortium comprising a multi-disciplinaryinternational consulting firm (Lead Consultant) and an Indian multi-disciplinaryconsultancy firm would be formed and selected to provide administrative, technical and financial assistance to the GOO/DOWR continuously and/or periodically as required for the duration of the project. Indicative consultancy position descriptions are set out below giving the likely range of skills, experience and time allocations required to provide the technical assistance under the twinning arrangements. They are identified as a TWC (I) or International position, i.e., to be filled by the international provider and by TWC (N), or National position, to be provided by the National (Indian) firm. A requirement of all the ensuing interdisciplinary positions is the requisite education level in the respective disciplines with preference to advanced university degrees in each case of equivalent qualified experience. In addition, each position entails the specific responsibility of providing technology and skills transfer to counterpart DOWR staff including all training possible within available time and resources constraints.
Position No. 1. TWC (I): Consortium Leader - Institutional/Administrative Management Specialist. Consortium leader qualificationswould require long reputable experience in the field of water and related land resources development including the substantial career practice of detailed scientific-engineeringinputs into those development processes. In addition, career progress and experience should show steady growth into positions of increasing responsibilities culminating in that of principal in charge of the successful implementation of major public works programs and the management of organizations and/or institutions responsible for such programs and works. Accordingly, the candidate should have preferably 25-years of experience in practicing the above and related activities.
The Leader would be responsible for guiding overall assistance to the DOWR under the twinning arrangements and in providing introductions and access to modern/internationally available information, technical services and products (hard- and soft-ware) in the reformulation and modernization of the DOWR. The TWC (1) specialist-leader should hold a full university level and/or advanced engineering degree(s). Further, while the candidate must be intimately familiar with technical and institutional/managerial aspects of water and related land resources development, selection considerations would also be given to the variety and breadth of experience in water and related land resources formulation requirements and policy determinations. That is, experience in the overall strategic planning and coordination of water resources and related matters would be an important consideration including technical as well as - 264 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 3 of 22
socio-economic and environmental aspects as may be required in the undertaking of long range Basin and State level water planning inclucing policy and legislative matters (i.e., see Position No. 15). Specifically, in close coordination with the Institutional Strengthening Specialists (Positions Nos. 26-31), the leader would need to overview and make appropriate recommendations conceming DOWR's reorganization, assist establishment of position descriptions and appointments and assignments duly consistent with the agreed reorganization and assist/prepare codification of administrative/human resources including position classification requirements within the system. The Leader would also be responsible, in close coordination with the Training Advisor (Position Nos. 32-33) and the Chief Engineer-WALMI, for the Departmental review of and recommendations concerning counterpart DOWR technical training needs under all twinning arrangement consultancy disciplines. The intemational firm, represented by the Leader, will also assist the arrangement and coordination of all intemational consultancies required under TWC assistance arrangements as well as assure the transfer of technology and skills to counterpart DOWR staff of respective TWC consultants in accordance with their required inputs.
This position (with support of the lead firm) requires performance of administrative and management support responsibilities and tasks as given above, in close coordination with DOWR counterparts throughout. The TWC Leader would be required to work closely and frequently with the TWC (N) Deputy Leader (Position 2), as described below, including transfer of advanced institutional support/technology as part of the overall TWC assistance package. It is anticipated that the work load would decrease over the life of the project so that an estimated 26 weeks of input would be required in Project Year (PY) 1 during 4 visits. Thereafter, requirements would include: PY2-3, 4 visits/year of 4 weeks/visit or 16 weeks/year; PY4-5, 2 visits/year of 3 weeks/visit or 6 weeks/year; and PY6, I visit of 2 weeks duration.
Position No. 2. TWC (N): Deputy Consortium Leader--Water Resources Development Engineer. This position would require a minimum of 15-years experience in and principal responsibility for the performance of large water resources development institutions/departments and/or firms in India. The deputy, supported by his firm, would require a working knowledge of Advanced Technologies cited under TWC Position No. 15 (Planning Engineer) as well as having a reasonable knowledge of the state-of-the-art, institutional/technology requirements and related responsibilities of the Consortium as needed to realize agreed DOWR modernization reform objectives. Full university degree(s) would be required in related scientific disciplines, i.e., engineering and computer science.
The Deputy would be responsible for reviewing, administering and providing direct support for and coordination of the TWC-arranged twinning assistance in accordance with the agreed TOR. Intensive on-the-ground assistance in Orissa would be required on a full time basis for what is estimated to be a minimum of 240 days/year (48 weeks/year). Participation with DOWR and TWC (I) Lead firm in all components, goals and phases of OWRCP implementation would be required with gradual transfer of most leadership and administrative responsibilities to the Deputy position over the project life. - 265 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 4 of 22
B. Scheme Completions (SC) Component
Position No. 3. TWC (I) and Position No. 4. TWC(N): Civil Engineers-Design and Construction (Dams, Spillways, Canals, Distribution Works, Hydraulic Structures). Positions 3 and 4 would be similar in terms of responsibilities and tasks, but one would be filled by an expert from the international community on a short-term basis to ensure technology transfer and access to international practices and one from the Indian community on a longer-term basis to ensure continuity of modem practices. These participants would be accountable, respectively, for modernization of present design and construction practices to accepted international and national standards with focus on assistance needed under the Scheme Completions component and as would be required to modernize practices throughout the DOWR. Full participation with those having primary responsibility for implementation of modernization goals under the Institutional Strengthening/Capacity Building (IS/CB) component as well as full cooperation with the TWC' s Leader and Deputy Leader for such purpose also would be required. Work requirements in each case would be based on a minimum of 15-years of professional experience in combinations of the respective specialties listed below. Under technical assistance arrangements, transfer of technical capabilities and skills to DOWR staff would be accomplished earliest possible including modernization of the following specialty categories of civil works construction practices including recognition of: Indian and International standards and criteria; contract management and contractor relations; and, quality control and assurance including standards and criteria, and inspection and testing procedures. In addition, assistance would be required to establish a computer-based reporting system for M&E including all requirements for tracking works, materials, equipment and facilities. That is, the system would address and solve DOWR-wide report standards, level of detail, and frequency of reports covering: management and personnel decisions at all departmental levels including control/management of physical and financial progress through selection and installation of appropriate CPM-type management and scheduling hard- and soft-ware program capabilities.
This position, 3 (I), accordingly, would coordinate closely with position 4 (N), described below, in modernizing civil design and construction practices and in assisting selection and installation of a computer-based reporting system and in transferring modern technical standards, criteria and procedures and related technologies to the DOWR. Short term participation would be required including two (2) visits per year with average duration of 8 weeks/year for PY 1-3. Position 4 (N) accordingly, would require close coordination and cooperation with Position 3 (I) in all the above aspects of modernization responsibilities. Thereby, intensive long-term participation would be required for the life of project with increasing levels of responsibility being transferred progressively to the national position throughout implementation. This would comprise quarterly visits to Orissa from within India at a rate of 4 weeks/quarter; or, 16 weeks/year for PY1-6.
Position No. 5. TWC (N): Mechanical/Electrical Engineer. This consultancy would require the review of DOWR's current mechanical/electricengineering practices, criteria and standards followed by the provision of assistance in taking modernization steps as may be required including assurance that applicable national and international practices would be - 266 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 5 of 22
assimilated. A full university degree in mechanical and/or electrical engineering would be required. Close cooperation would be required with DOWR counterpart staff responsible for mechanical/electrical equipment installations and works. The transfer of state-of-the-art skills and practices would be required during the entire consultancy. For such purpose, a minimum applicable experience of 10 years would be required including combinations of experience in the following specialty areas:
(a) Mechanical/electrical engineering practices (fabrication/acquisition/installationof gates, valves, motors, generators, etc.); (b) compliance with Indian and International standards and criteria for mechanical/electrical works; (c) Contract and contractor relations; (d) Quality control/assurances including acceptable standards and criteria; (e) Design of inspection/testing controls and reporting requirements; and (f) Implementation of CPM -type management and scheduling practices.
This position would be short term and would employ a National (Indian) consultant for an estimated 2 visits/year to Orissa for PY1-2 of 3 weeks each and one visit/year thereafter (PY3-6) of 2 weeks/year.
Position No. 6. TWC (N): Engineering Geologist. This National consultant should have a suitable university degree in engineering geology or geological science and/or related specialties (soils, foundation engineering, etc.) and 15 years of specific work experience in applied engineering geology as it relates to design and construction of large civil engineering works. Accordingly, the consultant would be required to review and recommend possible improvements in geology related aspects of design and construction of all major hydraulic structures financed under the project. With respect to the DOWR's present and future goals of modernization, long experience and detailed famniliaritywith Indian standards and criteria for geologic investigations and designs for civil works (regarding both regional geologic and specific construction site conditions), would be required as the basis for a comprehensive review of present DOWR standards and their compliance with National practices. Such review would provide the basis for recommendations concerning introduction of international and National standards and practices as may be required.
Consultancy assignments would include one visit/year or an estimated total of 4-weeks/year over the life of the project (PY1-6).
Position No. 7. TWC (I): Hydrologist (Surface). Responsibilities of this position would require specific/detailed knowledge needed to review and make recommendations concerning DOWR's present applied hydrology practices. A working knowledge of the analyses of total water resources availability and requirements (quantitative and qualitative aspects) would be required as they relate to site-specific, regional and basin-wide surface and groundwater resources. Specific knowledge would be required of state-of-the-art hydrology/hydraulic (flood - 267 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 6 of 22 and yield) river basin/sub-basin mathematical modeling practices. Surface water considerations would include agreed modernization practices and requirements already being adopted through GOO's participation in the Bank-funded Indian Hydrology Project which has as a primary objective improvement of hydrologic data, facilities and practices. Total water resource analyses would apply to OWRCP's Basin Planning and Environmental Action Plan (BP/EAP) Component including State water planning initiatives and the plan/formulation requirements of individual water resources projects in the State. Specific requirements would include a full review of the status of planning for water resources and drainage development of the State's river basins and considerable delta areas and thereafter propose/recommend plans and designs of possible implementation steps including feasible improvement schemes. Accomplishment of both broad and detailed scope of technology transfer for the above purposes to counterpart DOWR staff would be expected throughout implementation. In addition, direct assistance is required in support of DOWR's staff who are assigned responsibilityfor determining hydrology needs of the site specific developments within the Scheme Completions (SC) and the System Improvements and Farmer Turnover (SIFT) components. Assistance from advanced experts in the following areas would be required for determination of: irrigation and village/domestic water requirements; utilization of reservoir/diversion facilities including surface water yields, effects of sedimentation yield on storage sites; and the effects of flood hydrology on basin and storage capabilities.
This position would require a minimum experience of 15-years as a practicing water resources development hydrologist including a working knowledge of state-of-the-art computer based analytic capabilities (both hard- and soft-ware aspects) in the above technical areas, especially river basin (hydrologic and hydraulic) modeling practices. The estimated consultations would be mid- to short- termnrequiring an estimated visitation schedule in Orissa of 2 trips/year of 4 weeks duration requiring 8 consultancy weeks/year for each of PY 1-3.
C. Systems Improvement and Farmer Turnover (SIFT) Component
Position No. 8. (N): Irrigation Engineer - Minor and Micro Water Distribution System Works Specialist. Because of the magnitude, extent and complexity of proposed irrigation works including schemes based on rotation/proportional distribution systems designs and operations, the principle purpose of these consultancies is to assist DOWR in the layout, design, construction, operation and maintenance and equitable management of water distribution among the farmers of the planned system of proportionally divided, free-flowing water deliveries. The importance of properly designed and constructed and operated minor and micro distribution works can not be overstated in terms of the ultimate economic and financial returns to the farmers. However, the minor and micro network design and operational principles are as yet not well understood by DOWR design, construction and O&M staff requiring considerable hands on implementation assistance and a very large simultaneous training program.
Responsibility of the position will entail the review and provision of appropriate recommendations regarding the current status of and capabilities for implementation of agreed minor/micro distribution systems under the project including direct guidance to DOWR - 268 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 7 of 22 counterpart staff as required in the successful layout, design and operations of the agreed system of proportional/rotational diversion of water through structured, free draining minor/micro- distribution networks. Minimum qualificationswould include 15-years of experience in all of the above phases of design, implementation and management of similarly derived minor/micro irrigation systems. This activity is estimated to take 30 weeks/year for PY1-4 plus 8 weeks/year for PY5-6 or a total of 136 weeks over the life of the project.
Position No. 9. TWC (I): Irrigation Operation and Maintenance Specialist. This consultant would participate in a review of present O&M conditions and act in an advisory capacity (uniformly and periodically) over the life of the project. The main objective will be to review and recommend concerning the DOWR's O&M practices and policies including their present and future adequacy and to provide assistance in the development of plans of operation for all irrigation/water supply schemes and systems within the State. For such purpose, the candidate should have a university level degree in Civil Engineering and a minimum of 15-years of hands-on O&M experience of which one-half would have been spent in responsible charge of a sizable irrigation/water supply facility or project(s). The consultant's further responsibility would be to review and make recommendations as appropriate to improve current O&M practices (and levels of O&M input) as would be required (both software and hardware aspects) to adequately maintain and replace facilities and operations, including maintenance of adequate staff and achievement of efficient operations and to ensure that, once replaced or repaired, all facilities remain utilizable on a long-term or sustainable basis. The transfer of state-of-the-art O&M data, information and skills/experiencesfrom outside Orissa to counterpart DOWR staff would be a primary responsibility. A further objective of this position would be the identification of specific training needs and, accordingly, the recommendation of special staff training exercises and programs. Such technology transfer would cover all aspects of O&M of irrigation and related water supply systems, facilities, maintenance, operations, including techniques, practices, information systems, staff motivation and incentive programs as practiced outside India for possible adoption within DOWR as may be advisable and possible. This consultant would be required to coordinate closely with other SIFT Component specialists enumerated below in the performance of his assignment(s). In order to carry out the prescribed duties and meet these objectives, it is estimated that 2 visits/year of 4-weeks/visit would be required during PY1-3.
Position No. 10. TWC (N): Irrigation Management Practices Specialist. This position includes the specific responsibility for assistance to DOWR in the accomplishment of irrigation water distribution in accordance with the adopted principles of a system designed for the proportional division of flows, but also for assistance in achieving the agreed Farmer Participation/Turnover Objectives and Practices under the OWRCP. This position requires a minimum of 15-years of experience in the operation/maintenance and, specifically, scheduling of irrigation water supplies in the above mentioned (Position 8) proportionally divided/structured- type distribution system. Experience would also be required in working directly with farmers, i.e., establishment and accomplishment overall of organizational turnover of irrigation operations to the farmer beneficiaries. An essential responsibility will be to assist transfer of all related skills and technologies of irrigation management of the adopted system to counterpart DOWR staff - 269 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 8 of 22 during implementation. It is estimated that a long-term/frequent input of about 24 weeks/year for PY1-3 and 12 weeks/year thereafter for the life of the project (PY4-6) would be required.
Position No. 11. TWC (N): Computer Aided Design Specialist (CAD). This position requires specific knowledge of state-of-the-art CAD hard- and soft-ware products, requirements and applications and understanding of the special design and operation related requirements of minor- and micro-irrigation water distribution systems as would be implemented under the SIFT and SC components, i.e., proportional division of flows through structured systems adopted for design under OWRCP. A principle focus will be on the earliest possible transfer of related technologies, including soft and hard-ware aspects, to DOWR staff and provision of adequate facilities and equipment for such purpose. In addition, transfer of this technology to the DOWR should be assisted by initial contractual inputs of providers of the software to be adopted. For purposes given above, a minimum of 5-7 years of CAD applications experience including knowledge of the adopted minor and micro- irrigation distribution networks would be required. It is estimated that early and relatively intensive short term visits of 4 weeks per quarter or 16 weeks/year would be needed in PYI, three visits of four weeks duration in PY2 and one visit of two weeks in PY5 to assist DOWR in attaining full capability for in-house coordination and timely completion of this activity
Position No. 12. TWC (N): Public Finance Economist. This consultant would require long experience in public finance, accounting and economic practices covering the private and/or public development sectors. An advanced university degree in economics with specialization in public finance would be required, plus experience in a corporate environment in public finance, accounting and economic practices. A minimum of 10-years of professional level experience with growing levels of responsibilitywould be required, of which 5-years should be specific experience in public sector/utility services environment. Experience should include: determination of service costs and user charges in the context of public service practices, with view to recovery of costs of service provision; determination of related facility investments and associated revenue collections; and, assessment of user ability to pay. The consultant would work closely with, and transfer knowledge to, an economist employed through DOWR's Water Rates Cost Recovery Committee in establishing models and parameters for analysis of cost and rate structure, articulating options for cost recovery, assessing ability to pay, and formulating associated standards, criteria and policies. It is estimated that 2 visits/year with a duration of 3-weeks/visit (or 6-weeks/year) for PY 1-4.
D. Agricultural Intensification Component
Position No. 13. AIP (N): Irrigation Agriculturist/Agronomist. This position would require detailed familiarization with and ability to advise and transfer the current status of knowledge and technology regarding present agro-climatic (soil/plant/water) conditions and prospects for future requirements within Orissa to responsible counterpart staff. The consultancy would require a minimum of 20-years of experience in field related activities and/or in an advisory status regarding agronomic conditions and requirements in East India including deltaic conditions - 270 - Annex13 Attachment2 Page9 of 22
as they pertainto Orissa conditions. This positionrequires periodic part time input in the area of irrigation-basedagronomy, along withinput of other disciplines,as neededto plan and achieve sustainableagricultural intensification (increases in production)objectives under the project. For such purpose it is estimatedthat an averageinput of one visit of 4 weeks per quarter or 16 weeks/yearwould be requiredthroughout PY1-6.
Position No. 14. AIP (N): AgriculturalMarketing Specialist. This position requires specificknowledge of and provisionof adviseconcerning agricultural marketing requirements of importanceto farmersof the State of Orissaregarding crops/markets/costs of irrigatedagriculture productionby crops/prices,etc. At least 15-yearsof experiencein related practiceswill be requiredfor this consultancy. In addition,it would be the consultant'sresponsibility to assist and encouragedevelopment of privatesector link-upswith farmersthrough associationwith farmer cooperatives,agro-industries, etc., as neededto facilitateand build marketswithin and available to Orissa farmers. This positionrequires periodicinput in the area of agriculturalproduction deliverysystems as requiredto enhancemarket opportunities and encourageincreased production/intensificationthrough improvedcropping practices and other improved agronomic/agriculturalpractices as needed. Coordinationwith other AEPspecialties would be needed includingthe SIFT component This close levelof coordinationwith DOWR, other agriculturaldisciplines of cooperatingGOO agenciesunder OWRCPwill be needed to achieve agriculturalintensification goals as agreed under the project. It is estimatedthat 4 visits/yearof 2 weeks per visit or 8 weeks/yearwill be requiredfor such purpose (PY1-6).
E. Basin Planningand EnvironmnentalManagement/Action Plan Component
Position No. 15. TWC (1): Water Resources Planning Engineer. This position would be based on a minimumof 15-yearsof handson multi-sectoralwater and related land planning, design, constructionand O&M experience. It requiresa workingknowledge of state-of-the-art computer-basedriver basin/regionalanalytic and modelingtools and subjectsincluding the following:
GeographicInformation Systems (GIS) Remote Sensing Rainfall/Runoff- Hydrologic/HydraulicModels and ModelingTechniques SurfaceWater - HydrometeorologicalData Bases Water Supply - Yield Determinations Multi-purposeWater Requirements/Evaluations/Projections Legal and LegislativeRequirements/Inter- and Intra-StateRights & Commitments Sub-surface- GroundwaterAssessments, Regulatory and LegislativeRequirements Land Use Data Bases Land use /Vegetative/Soil/etc./Classifications DemographicAnalyses/Projections Socio-PoliticalAnalyses - 271 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 10 of 22
This planning engineer position would be responsible for the production of the state and river basin plans under the project and would accomplish this through a task team consisting primarily of positions 16-25 working with DOWR staff. The position has an important secondary role of coordination with DOWR and other consultants who would have input into the planning process and adjusting arrangements from time to time as may be required. For such purpose, it is estimated that an average of one visit of 4 weeks per quarter or 16 weeks/year would be required in Orissa for PY1-2 and one visit per quarter of 2 weeks/visit or 8 weeks/year would be required for PY3-4.
Position No. 16. TWC (N): Irrigation Management (Advanced Technology) Specialist.
This position would require a minimum of 10-years of specific and detailed experience in the application of remote sensing procedures and methodologies which are currently being used in macro and micro water and related land use planning evaluations as well as expertise in computer- based Geographic Information Systems (GIS) methods and procedures as would be utilized to support and analyze basin and State water planning efforts, i.e., the BP/EAP Component, and to track and report all relevant physical, ec.onomic,social, environmental and other relevant data needed for such purposes. Assistance provided to DOWR under this position requires specialized and detailed input into advanced technologies including remote sensing (satellite based) and GIS. Intense but periodic assistance would be required during the first two years of implementation with emphasis on activities of the BP/EAP and SIFT components. Medium term assistance would be required thereafter throughout project implementation including periodic coordination with or input into the WRRF/AIP component. Accordingly, it is estimated that 2 visits of 4 weeks/visit or 8 weeks/year for PYI-4 would be needed and 2 visits/year of 3 weeks/visit or 6 weeks/year thereafter (PY5-6).
Position Nos. 17. and 18. TWC (I) and (N): Environmentalist (s). Minimum qualifications for these positions would require a full university degree in environmental science or equivalent and at least 15-years of experience in applied environmental sciences related to water and land resources utilization. These consultants would work with and assist environmental cells created under the EIC-Planning and Design and the Basin Managers for the implementation of: the agreed Environmental Action Plans for basin development; and, assist in the modernization of requirements for the formulation of new or revised project-level plans and designs and prescribe and regulate standards and criteria for environmental protection during construction and operation of water and related land resources projects and schemes. Transfer of skills and technology for design and implementation of Environmental Action Plans for water related projects would be required. A minimum of 10-years experience would be required of each of these consultants.
Position 17 (I), would require large commitment over the duration of the project to review and make appropriate recommendations regarding position responsibilities and tasks including transfer of state-of-the-art environmental technologies and methodologies during the consultancy. - 272 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 11 of 22
Focus would be on site implementation under the SC and SIFT components, the review of BP/EAP activities and coordination of WRRF/AIP activities. For such purpose, it is estimated that 4 visits/year of 4 weeks duration for PYI, 2 visits/year of 4 weeks duration for PY2 and one visit of 4 weeks duration in PY3-4.
Position 18 (N), would require a medium but continuous level of input during implementation of the SC, SIFT, BP/EAP and WRRF/AIP components and participation in special environmental areas/issues of interest affected by the project, i.e. the Chilika Lake Wildlife refuge protection and management scheme. Continuous/ongoing contact and coordination with the TWC 17 (I) consultant position and participation in Bank reviews would also be required. For such purpose, it is estimated that 4 visits/year of 4 weeks duration for PY1-2, 4 visits/year of 2 weeks duration for PY3-4.
Position Nos. 19. and 20. TMC (1) and (N). Environment Specialists (Lake Chilika). These positions should have the same level of qualifications as for positions 17 and 18 above. In addition, both positions would require a minimum of 15 years relevant experience in the field(s) of nature conservation/ aquaculture/ wildlife management. The consultants would assist DOWR Environmental Cell to address the environmental issues in and around the Lake. They would assist with the preparation of an overall Lake management plan with particular emphasis on: Bio-diversity; Fish management; Sedimentation Loads; Operating Regime upstream; and Salt balance
Position No. 19. (I) would require short term visits as follows. PYI: 1 visit of 4 weeks duration, PY2-3, I visit of 2 weeks duration. Position No. 20. (N) would require I visit in PY I and PY2 of 3 weeks.
Position No. 21. TWC (N): Project Economist. The responsibilities/tasks of this position would require close cooperation with DOWR counterparts, and transfer of new technologies and methodologies regarding the agricultural/social science/environmental, planning and design specialties required in the establishment of project-wide and project-specific duties inclusive of the initial establishment of appropriate data bases and their analyses during future phases of project implementation. This would include but not be limited to inclusion of all proposed and adopted evaluation and testing methodologies and procedures for the support and analyses of implementation activities as they progress. For such purpose, a minimum, of 15-years of Indian agro-economics and related social activities and directly related experiences would be required. Specific experience and follow-up in project-related objectives and tasks would be required as follows:
(a) Performance and design of regional and scheme-wise evaluations including design and use of agro-socio-economic data bases for pre- and post-OWRCP performance conditions (crop production, input quantities, costs, prices, etc.); (b) Scheme (incremental project) formulation and modifications evaluations/justifications; (c) Conduct/evaluate benefit/costs by sub-project and regional/basin schemes under the project; and - 273 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 12 of 22
(d) Assist establishlnent of standards and procedures for state-of-the-art econometric models and modeling techniques for accomplishment of economic and financial plan formulations for new schemes/increments(basin and project specific) and guide socio- economic evaluations/modifications of existing schemes as required.
This position requires part time participation with focus on overall project implementation support including the above listed activities entailing working with counterpart staff who are responsible for the SC and SIFT components as well as economic parameters and methodologies to be used under BP/EAP and WRRF/AIP component activities. For such purpose it is estimated that one visit of 3 weeks per semester or 6 weeks/year are required in PYI-3 and one visit of 3 weeks/year for PY4-5.
Position No. 22. TWC (N): Flood Control/Drainage Specialist. This consultant would assist in the establishment of flood control/drainage measures and procedures for flood control and drainage systems analyses and designs as well as establishment of O&M requirements. These procedures and guidelines would set the stage for structural/non-structural flood/drainage solutions as may be required at river basin and State level including proposals for new or amended legislation. The consultant's activities would emphasize but not be limited to basin and project- specific planning and operational requirements. A principle objective would be to impart the transfer of overall technologies and specific skills to DOWR counterpart staff and would require a working knowledge of state-of-the-art flood and drainage hydrology and hydraulic routing methods including mathematical modeling techniques. Assistance to DOWR would be required in the review of the status of data and investigations leading to development of Master Plans for drainage of the State's major river basin deltas including identification of and recommendations for specific drainage schemes and operational plans (modifications) as may be appropriate. Such drainage schemes would be identified and prepared in full recognition of the special environmental requirements associated with operational plans for the barrage replacement at the Naraj site on the Mahanadi River and the requirements for aquatic protection, fisheries, salinity control, etc., at Chilika Lake. Assistance to DOWR would also be required for preparation of emergency preparedness plans and schemes for river basin flood zones and the preparation of intra- and inter- State regulatory/legislative requirements for flood control and drainage as needed.
This position requires a minimum of 15-years of experience in planning, design, construction and O&M of flood control and drainage systems, structures, etc., for sites affected by monsoon and south Asian conditions. Activities would focus on SC, SIFT, and BP/EAP components with special attention on the latter component and in fulfillingthe opportunity to irnprove long term flood control and drainage capabilities in the State. For such purpose, it is estimated that medium to low levels of assistance would be required under the TWC arrangements amounting to one visit of 4 weeks per semester or 8 weeks/year for PYI-3 and one visit of 4 weeks/year thereafter, i.e., PY4-5.
Position No. 23. TWC (N): Groundwater Specialist. This specialist would assist DOWR in the building and consolidation of its groundwater evaluation capabilities including quantitative and qualitative aspects and in the analyses and derivation of conjunctive use schemes - 274 - Annex 13 Attachmnent2 Page 13 of 22
with surface supplies and drainage requirements as they apply to site specific irrigation schemes, river basins and deltaic regions within Orissa. In so doing, close cooperation and coordination would be required with GOO's Rural Development Department which is responsible for groundwater development (pumping) schemes in Orissa. The consultant would also be responsible for analyzing groundwater requirements at project and basin levels including special needs of deltaic regions of the State, especially as the latter relates to the river basin and State planning objectives under the project.
This position requires a minimum of 15-years of experience in the development and implementation of groundwater utilization schemes including analyses by computer-based modeling techniques regarding availabilityand yield determinations (from both quantitative and qualitative aspects) for purposes stated above. It is estimated for such purpose that low to medium input would be required under the SC, SIFT, BP/EAP and possibly the WRRF/AIP components as follows: one visit of 4 weeks per semester or 8 weeks/year for PYI-3 and one visit of 4 weeks/year thereafter (PY4-5).
Position Nos. 24. to 29. TWC (I&N): Basin Mathematical Modelers. (Note that assistance of River Basin Mathematical Modelers, Positions 24 through 29 could be provided through coordination with or assistance of the TWC or could be hired as individual consultants including a possible combined group of basin-type modelers through a specialized international or combined with a national firm or institution.) The principal purpose of such combined consultancy(s) would be to assist in providing a computer-based tool for use by the DOWR in achieving its overall BP/EAP component objective of an integrated, functional State Water Plan by year 2002.
Position No. 24. TWC (I): Urban and Agricultural Land Use Modeler. This position would require a minimum of 15-years of progressive experience in urban and agricultural land use modeling applications. Close coordination would be required with the BP/EAP Component's other river basin model consultants for purposes of evaluating, and thereafter making recommendations regarding availabilityand appropriateness of basic data and methodologies to be used and final goals to be attained during the planning process. A minimum of 10-years of directly related modeling experience would be required to qualify. The consultant would need to assist the evaluation of and make appropriate recommendations concerning the proposed land use model design including desired outputs as well as assist in its conformation and implementation. The consultant would also have to evaluate and take steps to ensure the availability of adequate staff capabilities within the DOWR to successfully complete basin planning requirements in a timely manner including provision on technology and skills transfer as necessary for continuance of in-house planning operations. This would include assistance in the use and implementation of satellite-based remote sensing and GIS computer applications.
It is estimated that this position would require variable levels of inputs into the overall planning process as follows: 4 visits/year of 4 weeks/visit or 16 weeks/year PYI-2, 4 visits/year of 2 weeks/visit or 8 weeks/year PY3 and 1 visit/year of 4 weeks/visit in PY5 would be required. - 275 - Annex 13 Attachmnent2 Page 14 of 22
Position No. 25. TWC (N): Socio-Economic Planning Modeler. This consultant would be required to initiate (scope and design and verify) a socio-economic model (computer based) suitable for interfacing with and affecting (modifying) results of ongoing physical river basin water and related land resources modeling, i.e. with emphases on the 2nd and 3rd stages of completion of the river basin water and related land use plans to be under taken sequentially as part of the State water Plan prior to its completion in year 2002. For such consultancy, a minimum of 10-years of econometric modeling and/or closely related experience would be required with at least 5-years of related computer based modeling required. Immediate provision of initial ground work will be needed to plan the proposed development model and identify and prepare the necessary econometric data bases in cooperation with the affected GOO departments and the DOWR in order to determine current status (base conditions) in socio-economic terms of basins and sub-basin conditions in Orissa and to develop sectoral projections therefore. This process will of necessity require the immediate and close participation of responsible counterpart DOWR staff in providing the required data bases and in the model's development and verification.
This position requires relatively intensive, long term input into the State water and related land resources planning effort. Assistance would be required of this International consultant in all of the above responsibilities/duties with full time support required of select counterpart DOWR Planning Unit staff. The effort would also require aggressive support of all other pertinent cooperating Departments of GOO through the previously established intradepartmental coordination arrangements. It is estimated that input at a rate of one visit of 3 weeks per quarter or 12 weeks/year will be required for PY1-2 and 2 visits/year of 4 weeks/visit or 8 weeks/year for PY3-5.
F. Institutional Strengthening /Capacity Building (IS/CB) Component
Position No. 26 TWC(I) & 27. TWC (N): Institutional/Organizational Specialists. In order to provide the level and depth of assistance to DOWR necessary for successful implementation of its agreed modernization objectives, these consultancies would require long experience (minimum of 20-years) in administering/managingand being responsible overall for the day to day operations of a major international public works development organization and/or private firm. Specific knowledge of government operations will be an important consideration in the selection of suitable candidates. The principle focus would be on assisting the smooth transition from present to modernized status of the DOWR during the multi-faceted implementation of its reorganization in terms of the overall administrative, managerial, technical and human resources (personnel) requirements. The position would take the lead in institutional reform and computerization of the department primarily through the coordination of activities under positions 28-3 1. Assistance would be required in continuing the detailed identification and description of all positions within the DOWR and thereafter in expeditiously filling such positions in context of the SAR agreed reorganization objectives and plans and, specificallyin context of achieving modernization objectives including the proposed computer-based Management Information System (MIS). Accordingly, this position, although critically needed for successful reorganization, would not require specific knowledge of computer based MIS networks. - 276 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 15 of 22
However, it would require very close coordination with those MIS and Information Technology (IT) specialists that are charged with responsibility for the Department-wide establishment of the computer-based MIS system and the requisite communications (voice and data transmission) networks for its implementation including provision of direct assistance to those experts in rationalizing, formulating and formatting position codifications/classificationsand scoping personnel job responsibilities and providing interfaces between quantitative (physical) performance and cost accounting/budgetary and administrative channels.
These consultancies would require substantial early input during position placement decisions and actions and during initial detailed MIS personnel, management, technical, cost accounting and budgeting codifications and classifications input. Therefore, it is estimated, that a minimum of Position 26 (I), 2 visits/year of 2 weeks duration in PY1-2 and I visit of 2 weeks in PY3. For position 27(N), the requirement is assessed at 4 visits/ year of 6 weeks duration PY1-2 and 4 visits of 2 weeks duration PY3.
Position Nos. 28. to 31.: Management/Technology/Communications Information System Specialists. Establishment of a functional modem (computer driven) MIS is a principally agreed objective and cornerstone of the agreed DOWR modernization steps including achievement of comprehensive, fully integrated and functional design, development and implementation of such system. As such the proposed MIS, upon completion and verification, would satisfy the Department's reorganization objectives and interface with and/or be compatible with overall administrative and reporting requirements of the GOO including all programming and budgeting, financial accounting management reporting and monitoring and evaluation requirements. Successful establishment of the proposed MIS would require qualitative and quantitative utilization including substantial input of the types and levels of administrative, financial and Information Technology (IT) consultancies herein described under Positions 28 through 31, respectively. A task team consisting primarily of these positions would have responsibility to design the information needs of the Department and supervision the procurement of equipment including computer systems and installation and commissioning of the management information system(s) including communication. This task has a high priority and should be completed by the end of PY4. The indicative allowance for the total task is 224 weeks, divided evenly at this stage between each position 28-31.
Position No 28. TWC (N): MIS Computerization Expert. This position would provide the lead detailed technical assistance to DOWR in the design of the overall computer- based MIS. Such assistance would be based on the above stated objectives including details of administrative, functional and financial steps including classifications and codifications necessary to achieve a fully integrated and functional computer driven system within and for the daily use of the entire Department. For such purpose, the lead MIS consultant would be required to have a minimum of 10-years of directly applicable experience of consulting about and/or managing large institutionaUGovernmentorganizations and/or large corporations including substantial experience in directing the actual steps and processes required for completed reorganization steps and modernization. The MIS lead consultant would have to work closely with the other modernization consultants, initially with the Institutional Specialists (Positions No. 29) and - 277 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 16 of 22 thereafter with all others (Position Nos. 31-33) who will be responsible for Financial Management, Communications and the M&E modernization assistance in completing MIS implementation. Such lead consultant would also of necessity coordinate/cooperate closely with DOWR counterpart staff, responsible for description, demonstration and selection of appropriate hard- and soft-ware for achieving computer-based MIS objectives including codification schemes (and their evaluation and selection) appropriate for use in DOWR's existing State financial/budgetary, human resources and physical monitoring systems with the goal of transferring the relevant technology and skills as quickly as possible.
Emphasis would be on the earliest possible establishment of a computer-based MIS to be further based on administrative, technical and financial management requirements that would support the agreed institutional reform objectives of the DOWR. Specific responsibilities would include the review, supervision and coordination of long term implications of the ongoing (or soon to be awarded) Consultancy on "Information Technology" and recommendations of any additional steps required to achieve the following objectives:
(a) Preparation of a strategic plan for the implementation/use of Information Technology (IT) throughout DOWR; (b) Planned actions to establish an integrated MIS with system specifications for all functions and levels of DOWR; (c) Design details of the system and its components; (d) Procurement of required works and equipment (hardware and software); (e) Training of personnel; and (f) Establishment of a fully codified and integrated operational system including hard-and soft-ware and a State-wide voice and data transmission communication network.
This position will require substantial input including intensive input during early years of implementation. Accordingly, it is estimated that inputs for PY1-2 would comprise one 4-week visit/quarter or 16 weeks/year for coordination and detailed assistance along with other information technologists; thereafter, it is estimated that levels of 4 visits/year of 3 weeks/visit or 12 weeks/year will be required for PY3-4 and one visit of 4 weeks/year for PY5-6 for fine tuning and upgrading.
Position No. 29. TWC (N): Financial Management Consultant. This consultant would assist the design, testing, integration, codification and verification of a DOWR-wide computer driven system for financial management and control of all DOWR activities and programs including cost/expenditure accounting, budget allocations and projections, and attendant reporting requirements for all effected units/activities within DOWR and GOO.
This position requires performance of duties mentioned above in close coordination with other MIS requirements and consultancies and counterpart DOWR staff as needed to establish its overall integration into a fully functional system. Accordingly, it is estimated that intensive inputs would be required in PY1-2 comprising up to 20 weeks/year. Thereafter, it is estimated that a further 28 and 8 weeks respectively would be required in PY2-3. - 278 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 17 of 22
Position No. 30. TWC (N): Communications System Expert. This consultant would require a minimum of 15-years of experience in state-of-the-art communication systems and devices. The consultant would also be responsible for review of and recommendations about the implementation details, content and procedures as may be required concerning the design and installation of an optimum State-wide intra-departmental communication network for transmission of data and voice communications as necessary to achieve a computer based MIS. Such establishment would encompass modem information technology goals/standards/criteria as needed within Orissa to achieve desired improvements in efficiency including increased staff productivity and responsiveness to client needs. Therefore, specific knowledge is required of existing and planned voice/data systems including telephonic, telemetry, VHF/UHF radio networks and satellite-based or other utilizable (combined) data and voice transmission systems, such knowledge to be transferred to DOWR counterpart staff as early and efficiently as possible during early project implementation stages.
This position would require performance of the above responsibilities and tasks in close coordination with all other MIS communication delivery requirements and with overall DOWR data and voice transmission needs. Accordingly, it is estimated that high intensity input would be required during early design and selection phases of implementation and would be reduced periodically until the integrated communication system is fully installed and proven functional. Accordingly, it is estimated that input as follows would be required: An allowance of 56 weeks has been made for this position to be programmed over PY1-3.
Position No. 31. TWC (N): Monitoring and Evaluation Consultant. This consultant would require a minimum of 10-years of direct experience in M&E related processes and products. The consultant would be responsible for proposing, evaluating and selecting/recommending a computer-based M&E system for purpose of tracking and controlling status and progress of project component implementation initiatives and cross-relating them within and across the newly established DOWR organization including: physical (contract administration/force account) and financial/budgetary (cost/budgetary accounting) progress as well as providing personnel (human resources)status at project-wide and basin levels, all of which would be aggregated upward from field units through Divisions and Directorates to the DepartmentaUSecretarial levels in a necessarily conformed report format and provide for top to bottom feed back as would be necessary to induce/motivate actions required as may be the case. This reporting system and format and its content would contain, with varying levels of detail, timely information as would be appropriate to advise each administrative level being addressed as to the status of progress and provide early warning of pending shortfalls (physical and/or financial) and important implementation issues as they arise. As such, appropriate computer hard- and soft-ware packages (i.e., computer based CPM systems like Primavera or other Planner/Scheduling programs) as may be required for carrying out the above steps would be subject to evaluation and selection thence adoption, utilizing recommendations of the expert consultant.
This position requires close coordination of the above responsibilities and tasks with other MIS/IT technologists as a means (among other requirements) of providing proper interface and - 279 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 18 of 22 conversion between physical performance (progress) in the field and financial reporting requirements and budgetary resources/needs at all levels for which hard and software packages and procedures exist. Accordingly, the need for this consultancy is greatest in the first three years of the project. Again, an indicative 56 weeks has been allocated and activity should be programmed in the period PY 1-3. weeks/year.
Position No. 32. TWC (I) & 33 TWC(N): Training Advisors. These consultants would be responsible for conducting a thorough review of all of DOWR's training needs in accordance with its new modernization objectives and organizational requirements and, accordingly recommending specific time-bound training programs consistent with personnel and organizational unit requirements. Required National and international training requirements in terms of seminars and courses (including curricula, etc.), tours etc., would be identified in detail in coordination with respective DOWR leadership and staff including the proposed provider whether National or international including detailed estimates of costs for budgeting and control purposes. Development of a master training program for the life of the project would be required initially for planning and budgeting purposes; however, implementation of individual segments of training on an semi-annual and annual basis including detailed arrangements with providers, venue, etc., and sanction of foreign currency requirements, if any, will of necessity be flexible and in accordance with changing requirements of the Department and its administrative units over time.
It is estimated that this consultancy would require the following schedule and level of commitment: Position 32, PYI-2, 4 visits/year to Orissa with a duration of 3-weeks/visit or a total of 12 weeks/year. For position 33, the assessed need is for 4 visits/year of about 3 weeks duration over the period PY1-2 with a further 2 visits of 4 weeks duration in PY3.
Position No. 34. TWC (N): Public Awareness and Information (PA&I) Consultant. This consultant would: (a) be responsible for assisting the design and implementation of a Public Relations Program for DOWR that would have as an ultimate goal the promotion of the DOWR as a user-friendly public services organization with emphasis on design, construction and O&M services sought, planned and achieved including improved status of environmental basin and project planning objectives. The consultant would also provide frequent and informative notices of actions/unavoidable disruptions in service or unavoidable disruptions to the public art large due to construction and/or O&M activities, etc., on a regular and consistent basis to water clients/users and the affected public; and (b) assist the proposed PA&I Unit in designing a system for notification of and eligibilityfor needed Public Participation in planned activities of the Department, i.e., of project beneficiaries and NGOs and others as required, and thereafter for carrying out/implementing Public Participation activities and/or goals.
This position is estimated to require a medium level of assistance through out the life of the project as may be required to fulfillthe above responsibilities/tasks. It is therefore estimated that during PY 1-4 about 4 visits/year of 2 weeks/visit or an input of 8 weeks/year would be needed, and during PY5-6 an average of 2 visits/year of 2 weeks/visit or 4 weeks/year would be required. - 280 - Annex 13 Attachment2 Page 19 of 22
G. Unidentified Consultancy Assistance
Unidentified Positions. Due to the dynamic and complex (multi-disciplinary) nature of evolving consultancy work over the 7-year life of the lending program, it is necessary to include estimated amounts for Unidentified Consultancy Assistance in both National and International categories as follows:
1. International (I): PYI-6, 3 visits/year of 3-weeks/visit or a total of 9 weeks/year uniformly distributed over the project life
2. National (N): PY 1-6, 6 visits/year of 3 weeks/visit or a total of 18 weeks/year uniformly distributed over the project life.
3. The time allocation and scheduling is indicative only reserve time will be allocated on a needs basis as they arise. - 281-
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_aboaYi 1099 1997 1996 1999 2000 2001 2002 CM00den3lr Cual5 Secndl TTh-Id FourIh F. t svcsx,d I Fo,Ih First Sal d| Thid FourIh First Scond Third Fo.ith First SeCOndl Third Fourthe F1`iat Second| Third I Fourth FFrst Second PlolertYar...- ---- p y - - - - - p . -- - - B ...... ---- - P Y J_,...... p y ...... q------py ----n^ ;-@
1 Consortium In I I eadel
2 Deputy Consortium ______rZ_r Leadef
3 Civil Engineer (Internalional) Ctn On On O OO Ctn Ct ED 4 Civil Engineer (Nabonal) ea vZ m l 1t Ea o elo o | Mm Ctm 12 m| Ea m Ea 1m ea 5. MectVElec Engineer (National) tE m Ea 0 . . | m o i |e
6 Engineering Geologist (International) Cl C t O _ _ ED 7. Engineenng Geologist (National) Co
8 Hydrologist (Surtace) (Internalional) rO3O3 _3 O3 O3 O3 |n O |O
9 Irrigation Engineer (Minor) 23 Z 10. tiiigation Engineer (Microl _. tZ ZUZZ = 73
1t. Irrigation (OS0 Specialist) - ° - °° I o -- ° - °IJ - oI - 12. Irrigation Management Specialist t | GZ t|_
13. CAD Specialist 22 0 0 m 0s E lo 2 m G_ E ml _ _
14. Agriculturalist ea 0E inm | 2 m | m |m 0 m 0 | G m m| ea m E
5. Social ScientistiSocrologiat/Anlhropologist 77 G t4 2 G= 7773 1`L ; IR L - X -
t6. Pubhc FinanceiWater Charges Expert | - - -° | O ||
17. Irrigation Agronomist 13 m I m g0 0 0 0 m og I mto I m e 1 0 I m I 12D m0 I 0 m
t8. Agricultural Marketing Specialiat U 123 m Ea m m0 023 m m m go m E E 0 m E E m m Ea m0 e 12
19. Water flesources Planning Engineer _ o I cI on In_ I I In In I In D In° 3 In In In I 4 In Io In In In In 00 rt
20 lrngabion Management (Advanced Technology l 0 || C 0 FM to 0 GU 0 | |
21. Environmentalist (International) In | I In InI O| I In In In II I 22. Environmentalist (national) so 0 0 0 Ua 0 0| | 0 0 0 GiU I 0 m 0 0 0 U t 0 tE12 23 Environmentalist (Lake Chilika. Intemationa In | |
24 Environmentalist (Lake Chilika, national) 0a |2_ 25 Prolect Economist 0 0 0 0 I T INDIA: ORISSA WRCP TWINING TA REOUJIREMIENTS Page 2
rl.dhltIUIMhiM 1ss8 tS1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
CalendarLQuaners Second| Third I FourIh First Seco-d| Third Fourth FiSt seond|Tird Fourtht First Secsdj Third Foo.. First Second Third |Fourh First Second| Thid |Fouth First Second ProjectYesr~~~~~------P ,r ... ( ------P2------,- - . p ...... --- - Y4-...... -PYF-YE;--- ...... 26. Flood Control/Drainage Speciairst -3 OO-_ OO_.r1 ___ 27. Groundwater Specialist 0W ea r OR m |I
28. Integrated Hydrological Hydraulic Basin Mode O O O C O O ° | O | 29. Urbant and Agriculural Land Use Modeler OC O3 O Ot O O EOO CJOO 30. Socio-Economic Planner Ot O | O O O OZ 3 Ct O __ En
31 "" " sl)u(-Ilsisl cl- O: O1 O Ct: C- C: O 2 Ct Ct3 O3 Cl O: CM C3'' 3 1 i_:ttiiidir EDO '= : _t _uo.iS _ _ J J l _ 1 I -_ -- -- 1------t-- _I _I _1 I I 32. MIS Computerization Expeor i3ia m 12 ea G Gt C e; m m G3 Ea 0i GU G _ ea
33. Financral Management Expert Gt m Gt m ei| FM 123 in Go Gl it Gt | l Ea En 34 Commrnwaaltons System Expert EZ2 123 m et z m m ea | mEn o m m el cm
35. Monitoring & Evaluatron Expen [Ea EZ eC 12 mIE 23 a E e 3 tm 1ez EZ E 233 EN 2I3 Ea EZ GU
36. Traning Adviser O3 O3 O | OI O O OOO 1= ED I r-
37. Public Awareness and Intomnation Expert cm o 23 E23 m m Ea G Lo go 23e | i e22 2;t 23 | 1mI
38. Unidentdied Consultancy Assistants = - - - - I
o) rt GQrtI
n x Il rhI .- r P F-h rE . r. - 284 - Annex 13 Attachment3 Page 1 of 2 INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Information Technology (IT)
I. Plans of the DOWR to carry out a revolution in communication among and between all departments, disciplines and administrative units are comprehensive and commendable. Steps have been taken to identify a consultant who would advise the Department on the next steps to be taken for implementation of the proposed Information Technology Strategic Plan (ITSP). Such proposal was derived during a recent WRCP preparation study by the Snowy Mountains Engineering Corporation (SMEC) of Australia in collaboration with the Basin Planning Directorate. The study report is titled "Information System Review". The study addressed: the current situation in terms of DOWR's functional units, the clients and users of data, data inputs and outputs, and training requirements; the direction of changes undertaken or proposed elsewhere; and, suggested detailed IT requirements of DOWR in the immediate, mid-term and long term future scenarios. The study recommended development of the proposed ITSP to take advantage of technologies presently available in the market as might be needed to meet future needs of the Department. The IT undertaking will be a valuable link in the Basin Planning process and therefore needs to be accelerated through early identification, procurement and installation of advanced data transmission and processing equipment among key planning, design, program, budget and accounts as well as monitoring and evaluation staff and among key management units within DOWR. The status of preparation of this component is in the attached table.
2. A component-wise implementation schedule costing Rs. 512 million (US$ 16 million) has been proposed by DOWR for implementation of the required Information Technology improvements. While such costs are likely adequate in financial terms to launch the initial phase of the program under WRCP, preparation of an ITSP with Consultant assistance will be required to verify the feasibility of the present plans and implementation strategies. Ample contingency costs have been included under the Technical Assistance component to cover such consultancy requirements. This assistance would have as a principal objective verification of the present DOWR proposal. In addition, the consultant would make alternative proposals including identification of additional detailed consultancies as may be needed, over the implementation period. Staged procurement and management of an Information Technology system will be required over the WRCP period. Associated consultancies would cover details such as identifying and installing appropriately specified hard and software, space accommodations, a reliable energy source including back-up electric power and electrical equipment and a reliable communications network. Implementation of the Information Technology component would require a large staff training program for the entire 7-year period of WRCP implementation, with emphasis on the initial phases of implementation especially in the use of computers. Funding for this component, including training has been included under the WRCP. STATUS OF TELECOMMUNICATION AND TELEMETRY SYSTEII FOR DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
SI. No., Basin L.ocation System Puirpose Funded by Present status
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) ______(1) Mahanadl. (a)Catchiment Area Satellite Flood DSRP 1st stage Technica]. of Upper & & V11; based Management ' bid over Financial Lower M1ahnliadI(i. '1'cI emetry bidding called for
(h)Caommanf area V11F based Trrigationi HWMP Called for Deltna Irr. Te]emetry/ Matinagement consultant Stage I & II Teleconimuni- for system (Cuttack & Purl) cation Data design acqu isition system u
(2) Bralimani (a)Fntlre river Satellite Flood NIIP Detailed.scheme basin in VIIP based management report prepaired Orissa hased Tele- waiting for metry system clearance of WIIP
(3) Kolah (b)Catchment of VIIP hased Flood GOO Under Kolab reser- telemetry Management installation voir & system
(4) Tndravati. Catclhment of VIIP based Flood UIP Under X t > Upper Indravati telemetry management (World Bank) prqcessing n W M
Reservoir, system .. > W
------______---_____- 0 (D - 286 - Annex 14 Page 1 of 2 INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Public Awareness and Information
I. As part of the Institutional strengthening component in the project the DOWR will increase its capacity in the area of public information and awareness. It will set up a Public Information Unit which will have the responsibility for the promulgation of information on all aspects of the project, both internally and externally, to the staff, unions, farmers, and other customer groups, government departments, politicians, and the general public. Information to be disseminated would include: objectives of each component, progress in implementation, expectations of irrigation service level improvements, participatory management arrangements, costs recovery and pricing of services, agricultural intensification activities, and production, storage and marketing of crops.
Organizational Arrangements
2. The unit will be set up at the State level as part of the WALMI. The Unit will have office accommodation and be equipped with computing, printing facilities and other communications equipment such as TV, VCR, and camcorders, overhead projector, along with a mobile unit for dissemination of information in the field/project areas. At the regional level (river basin) elements of the unit will be attached to the River Basin management units and will be appropriately equipped.
Means of Information Dissemination
3 . The unit will utilize the following avenues for the external promulgation of information:
(a) weekly bulletins through the local radio stations in the project areas and monthly discussion sessions in the local language about project objectives and achievements;
(b) use of television for periodic broadcasting of information in local languages with would contain the policy objectives, raise issues that are pertinent, and provide instructional information for farmers;
(c) periodic issue of news bulletins from WALMI which can be disseminated up to the Panchayat level. This could be linked to existing literacy campaign organizations at District level;
(d) use of local art forms like Jatra, Pala, and street plays; - 287 - Annex 14 Page 2 of 2 (e) organization of camps and workshops at Block and Panchayat levels through the Panchayat outfits as an avenue for the redress of grievances of water user organizations and for receiving feedback on different issues from the participants; and
(f) Organization of Krishi mela, agricultural fare at State and District levels and award of prizes for best water users associations, best farmer, best stall, etc.
Target 'Troups
4. The unit will target the following groups:
(a) various government departments connected with agricultural production, pricing, marketing and extension, departments where completing uses of water is an issue like the Departments of Urban Development, Industries and Energy;
(b) members of Zilla Parishads, Panchayat Samities and Paunchiest;
(c) water user associations (especially Apex Committees & Farmer Councils), farmer cooperatives and other organizations of water users/agricultural producers at the village level;
(d) NGOs working in the human resources development, water user management, and rehabilitation and resettlement areas;
(e) staff and unions;
(f) politicians; and
(g) national and international visitors. - 288 - Annex 15 Page I of 3 INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Criteria For Preparation and Selection of Investment Program
Introduction.
1. One of the objectives of Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project is to initiate a fundamental re-prioritization of public expenditures in the water resources development sector in line with Orissa's State Water Policy and the recommendations in the India Irrigation Sector Review and the India Public Expenditure Review. GOO proposes to allocate public expenditure on the ongoing program according to priorities established in such a way as to achieve benefits from the ongoing program optimally both in time and content. It therefore follows that any future additions to DOWR's program should be based on well established criteria to further the above objectives.
2. The OWRCP investments within the six year implementation period of the project are directed to institutional strengthening; rehabilitation and modernization of selected existing irrigation schemes; and completion of selected ongoing viable schemes. Apart from schemes included in the OWRCP investment program as pre-approved schemes, there are other schemes in initial construction phase and also in planning stage. GOO would also be taking up river basin water resource planning for multi-uses as a part of the OWRCP, which could bring up with due prioritization the need to include some additional projects in the program. In order to allow for investment assistance from IDA for such developments a special Category for Unidentified Schemes has been established under the Scheme Completions component. Approval of IDA for inclusion of any such future schemes under the OWRCP would be dependent upon their satisfying the set of criteria outlined below.
3. More broadly, the same criteria should also be applied to other future investments implemented by DOWR with government funding or with other external assistance. IDA's role regarding any such other investments would necessarily be limited to a more macro perspective. The key consideration for IDA would be that DOWR's overall expenditure program corresponded to agreed sectoral priorities and that funding and DOWR staff efforts were concentrated on a limited number of work sites enabling, for each site, high quality technical implementation and full funding commensurate with implementation capacity. DOWR's overall expenditure program would be reviewed in detail annually during DOWR's Annual Review, Action Plan and Budget (ARAPB) exercise, which would be the principal vehicle for assuring the WRCP's expenditure prioritization objectives (main text paras 2.42 to 2.44 and 4.05). For evaluation of specific investment proposals, it would also be in Orissa's clear interest to apply the criteria below to all future water sector investments, even when not specificallyfunded under the OWRCP. Accordingly, DOWR intends that the criteria would be applied generally to all its investment proposals. Adherence to this would be broadly monitored by IDA and discussed with DOWR/GOO at the time of each ARAPB. This would also be a special focus of Orissa states' Project Monitoring Committee (main report, para 4.18). More formally, GOO would oversee the project's expenditure prioritization focus through its "High Powered Committee" (main report, - 289 - Annex 15 Page 2 of 3 para. 2.44). DOWR would be required to submit all investment proposals through the HPC, whici would both assess the proposal in the context of DOWR's overall expenditure program and sectoral priorities and insist, through the Project Monitoring Committee, on any such investment meeting in full, the agreed Preparation and Selection criteria below.
Preparation and Selection Criteria
Schemes proposed for investment under DOWR's program should be:
(a) prepared in the context of a river basin development considering all water use needs; (b) well prepared from all engineering, agriculture and other technical perspectives; (c) economically viable; (d) in full compliance with environmental and social requirements; and (e) identified and prepared in full consultation with beneficiaries.
To these effects, the following ten criteria will be applied for preparation of investment proposals and for their evaluation and approval:
I. Basin Planning. The scheme should be prepared in the context of a river basin plan taking into account probable competing demands on the water source to be developed and should fit into an overall river basin or sub-basin development plan prepared by the Orissa Water Planning Organization (OWPO) of DOWR.
II. Water Demand. Estimates of water demand should be prepared taking into account the economic life of the proposed scheme. In the case of municipal and industrial sectors such estimates would be provided by the respective entities responsible. OWPO should ensure that these estimates cover a projected service period and specify the degree of reliability required. In the case of irrigation schemes..crop water requirements should be prepared on the basis of climatic data using standard methodology taking into account the contribution of effective rainfall. In estimating these demands, soils and land suitability for potential crops to be grown under the scheme should be established based on the data obtained from the agriculture department, and future crops, cropping patterns and crop calendars should be established in consultation with agriculture department officials and farmers.
III. Water Availability. Assessment of water availability should be based on detailed hydrological studies and reservoir yield analysis using standard methodology. Quality of water service proposed from the scheme must meet prevalent standards for raw water supply to municipalities or water boards, industries and agriculture. In the case of irrigation schemes availability of ground water in the command must be identified to establish possibility of conjunctive use which must be reflected in water balance computations. Analysis of existing infrastructure to clearly identify possible measures such as improving existing storage and efficiency of delivery systems should be prepared and the necessity to build new storage should be clearly established. - 290 - Annex 15 Page 3 of 3 IV. Engineering. Detailed engineering designs based on adequate investigations and studies, technical specifications, implementation schedules based on DOWR capability; and procurement packages and schedules should be prepared. If the scheme involves construction of a dan with maximum height more than 10 meters, the designs 3hould be reviewed by an independent Dam Safety Review Panel appointed with the concurrence of IDA.
V. Operation and Maintenance Plan. Detailed O&M plan for the scheme should be prepared clearly spelling out the role of the end user in the plan implementation, and financial and technical inputs required on a recurrent basis with an indication of how these requirements would be met.
VI. Environmental Assessment. Environmental impact studies should be carried out, required mitigating measures identified and an action plan to implement such measures prepared. Riparian rights on water resource proposed for the scheme development should be assessed, as also impact on downstream users. In the event of a downstream user being affected, a counter impact scheme should be prepared or suitable remedial measures should be identified and included in the development of the scheme.
VII. Resettlement and Rehabilitation & Indigenous Peoples Development. Baseline socioeconomic surveys of the project affected persons (PAPs) should be conducted in respect of both the reservoir area and the pipeline or other delivery system. This should include information regarding indigenous PAPs in reservoir areas or delivery system locations. Land acquisition, resettlement and economic rehabilitation action plans (RAPs), with realistic cost estimates and implementation schedules, should be prepared and incorporated in the project report. Where applicable, indigenous peoples development plans (IPDPs), also with realistic cost estimates and implementation schedules, should be prepared and incorporated in the project report.
VIII. Costs and Benefits. Detailed cost estimates should be prepared based on prevailing prices, and suitable provision for physical and price contingencies should be made. Total costs should include R&R costs arising from the R&R and environment impact assessments. Annual recurrent costs based on the O&M plan should be incorporated. In the case of irrigation schemes an estimate of annual net agricultural benefits should be made taking into account existing agriculture support services and an analysis of the markets for agriculture produce. A detailed study on farming systems should be carried out and financial impact of the scheme on the beneficiary farmers should be estimated.
IX. Economic Viability. Detailed economic analysis should be carried out using standard methodology (refer FAOCP reports for approved schemes). For a scheme to be economically viable, the economic rate of return should be 12% or greater. Social factors such as poverty alleviation, regional development etc., which could influence choice amongst similar investment options, may also be documented.
X. Cost Recovery. For irrigation schemes, terms of cost recovery and farmer responsibilities in O&M should be agreed through a memorandum of understanding. For schemes incorporating bulk water supply, cost of the component for such supply should be established and agreement on financial terms of supply with the user agency should be drawn. Legal agreements as needed should be prepared.
- 291 - Annex 16 Page 1 of I INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Criteria for the Selection of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
The project would seek NGO participation in various activities related to: farmer organization and beneficiary participation in management, operation and maintenance of irrigation systems; resettlement and rehabilitation of project affected persons; and to the indigenous peoples development plans (IPDPs). Based on a Terms of Reference prepared by DOWR and made available to NGOs, Orissa's Department of Water Resources (DOWR) would solicit from interested NGOs detailed proposals for collaboration. DOWR would be responsible for reviewing the proposals and agreeing on appropriate mechanisms to involve NGOs in the project. The selection of NGOs would be guided by the following criteria:
(a) as part of legal requirements, the NGO should be a registered body under the relevant State Law. It should regularly maintain its accounting records and have properly audited annual statement of income and expenditure;
(b) Since the program involves working primarily with small and marginal farmers, it is essential that the NGO has a proven track record in community development in the agrarian setting. To avoid creating any biases and misconceptions in the minds of the people, the NGO should be secular and non-political in the conduct of its field activities;
(c) As the project requires NGO support for farmer organization activities over many sites, and for R&R/IPDPs in seven completion sub-projects, NGO's should have adequate numbers of field level staff conversant with the local dialect and customs, and having a clear understanding of the socioeconomic and political situation of the area or areas in which they will operate. They should also possess excellent communication skills and good rapport with the community so as to involve them in their own farmer organization or economic rehabilitation;
(d) A prior understanding of the concept of the Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project and experience in areas relevant to the NGO's interest in project participation (for instance, in community development, farmer organization, resettlement and rehabilitation, tribal welfare) would be desirable. Owing to the nature and extent of the physical coverage of the program, each selected NGO will be part of the community organization or R&R/IPDP process. Hence, the NGO should be able to interact smoothly with, and be a part of, a team; and
(e) Finally, the NGO should have internal stability so as to assure long-term support to the project.
- 292 - Annex 17 Page 1 of3 INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT
Baseline Survey Draft Terms of Reference
I. The objective of a baseline survey are twofold: (i) it should provide the necessary information to assess the current situation before significant project implementation at field level takes place and (ii) establish development perfornance indicators to monitor and evaluate project success. Based on the assessment of the current situation the baseline survey would provide simple and low cost performance indicators to monitor project success continuously for all project areas. Performance indicators form part of the performance review of a particular activity to be measured against specified objectives. To further gain experience in monitoring project success of this and other Water Resource Consolidation Projects in other Indian states, a more detailed baseline survey followed by more detailed monitoring will be carried out in selected commands. The baseline survey and the development of the performance indicators is an interdisciplinary product jointly produced by irrigation engineers, agricultural scientists/economists, remote sensing specialists, and water resource managers.
2. The following list gives examples of possible performance indicators for specific project activities. The necessary information for the indicators should be obtained through the baseline survey in order to assess the current situation. The list is meant as a suggestion of possible indicators. It is neither complete nor do all of the suggested indicators have to be used for the monitoring process. It is essential to keep the monitoring process as simple as possible in order to reduce the workload on field staff.
(a) Engineering indicators for operation performance:
i) Actual dates of irrigation versus planned dates of irrigation.
ii) Variations in the flow at main canal and distributary heads as a ratio of their planned discharges.
iii) Variations in the flow at main canal and distributary tail clusters as a ratio of their planned discharges.
iv) Volume of the water received at the distributary head as a ratio of water discharged at the main canal head.
(b) Engineering indicators for maintenance performance:
i) Actual capacity of main canal and distributaries as a ratio of their design capacities. - 293 - Annex 17 Page 2 of 3 ii) Maintenance cost per kilometer of canal/drain system maintenance broken up in 3-4 categories of different ranges of canal sizes.
iii) Maintenance cost per hectare of command area.
iv) Actual maintenance expenditures versus budget targets.
v) Actual area irrigated as a percentage of planned area.
(c) Agricultural production indicators for performance of scheme completions, rehabilitation and modernization investments.
i) Area receiving full, partial and no canal water supplies as a ratio of total command.
ii) Production of three principal irrigated crops.
iii) Changes of crop yields in relation to the previous year.
iv) Changes in the cropping pattern in relation to the previous year.
v) Changes of farm income in relation to the previous year.
vi) Amount and value of the three principal crops as a ratio of water deliveries.
vii) Amount of water received per crop (irrigation and rainfall) as a ratio of crop water requirements.
(d) Remote sensing to indicate performance of scheme compietions, rehabilitation and modernization investments at a command level.
i) Total area under irrigation.
ii) Changes in the cropping pattern.
(e) Performance indicators for the institutional restructuring of DOWR.
i) Reorganisational benchmarks achieved.
ii) Benchmarks of environmental action plan achieved.
iii) Progress on basin/state water resource planning.
iv) Programming and budgeting plans formulated and submitted on schedule.
v) Annual training program for DOWR personnel approved on schedule by EIC. - 294 - Annex 17 Page 3 of 3 vi) Number of senior engineers who received management training.
(f) Performance indicator for farmer turnover program.
i) Number of farmer councils at distributary level established and participating:
a) in planning distributary works,
b) in joint management with DOWR,
c) and taking responsibility for O&M.
ii) Amount of funds collected by farmer councils for maintenance work at distributary.
iii) Number of farmer councils requesting and involved in state 2 improvements.
iv) Number of apex committees established and working.
v) Number of farmer councils having problems.
3. More detailed baseline field surveys would be conducted on about five schemes under the Systems Improvement Program. These surveys would involve field units, a stratified farm survey and intensive remote sensing support with field verification. Schemes would be chosen for their representativeness under different conditions. For the scheme completions, only limited supplemental data of the current situation is probably required (crops grown, agricultural yields, incomes, social conditions, etc.). Three to four scheme completion sites would be chosen.
4. Appropriately experienced universities and/or research institutions would be chosen in consultation with IDA, to conduct the work. The survey would be funded by IDA as part of the OWRCP's technical assistance provision.
5. On completion of the survey, the Monitorable indicators above and at Annex 22 Attachment 5, would be appropriately modified, and modifications included in DOWR's quarterly and annual reporting system (main text, para 4.05) and IDA supervision reports. The baseline survey would also form a starting yardstick for DOWR's monitoring and evaluation activities (main text, para 4.04) and for the project's Implementation Completion Report.
India Orissa WRCP Project Cost Lsazmy
(US$000) (RsO00) % I Total I Foreign I Total Foreign Base Local Foreign Total Exchange Base Costs Local Foreign Total Exchange Costs
1. Scheme Completions 4,159,447 758,435.5 4,917,882 15 54 128,775.4 23,481.0 152,256.4 15 54 2. SIFT 2,045,962 219,178.0 2,265,140 10 25 63,342.5 6,785.7 70,128.2 10 25 3. Basin Planning & Environmental Action Plan 207,423.9 69,264.6 276,688.5 25 3 6,421.8 2,144.4 8,566.2 25 3 4. Research & Agricultural Intenfication 149,419.1 42,791.0 192,210.1 22 2 4,626.0 1,324.8 5,950.8 22 2 5. Institutional Strengthening 498,823.7 305,445.4 804,269.1 38 9 15,443.5 9,456.5 24,900.0 38 9 6. R&R 612,937.0 17,255.0 630,192.0 3 7 18,976.4 534.2 19,510.6 3 7 7. Indigenous Peoples Development Plan 35,570.1 2,364.1 37,934.2 6 - 1,101.2 73.2 1,174.4 6 - Total BASELI COSTSJ7,709,582 1,414,734 9,124,316 16 100 238,686.8 43,799.8 282,486.6 16 100 Physical Contingencies 948,202.3 161,282.8 1,109,485 15 12 29,356.1 4,993.3 34,349.4 15 12 Price Contingencies 3,233,652 632,225.B 3,B65,878 16 42 24,006.8 4,683.3 28,690.1 16 10 Total PROJECT COSTS 11,891,436 2,208,242 14,099,679 16 155 292,049.7 53,476.4 345,526.0 15 122
Thu Oct 12 16:41:49 1995
0
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O w 1-1 Project Cost Summary It - 296 - Annex 18 Page 2 of 40
o , mo'oo~
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^ o Or IO1 =:
k H v q r IIr India Orissa WRCP Projeot CqspoDnts by Year (Rs000)
Base Cost 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/90 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total
1. Scheme Completions 275,267.3 744,527.3 863,765.1 867,476.5 841,615.5 757,620.6 496,482.8 71,127.1 4,917,B82 2. SIFT - 148,140.0 366,460.0 440,570.0 447,590.0 361,540.0 271,590.0 229,250.0 2,265,140 3. Basin Planning & Environmental Action Plan - 32,597.5 64,020.5 99,411.5 25,352.5 16,252.5 20,152.5 18,911.5 276,688.5 4. Research a Agricultural Intenfication - 21,564.3 21,744.3 22,934.3 28,414.3 30,204.3 32,394.3 34,954.3 192,210.1 5. Institutional Strengthening - 83,153.4 169,630.3 168,498.8 117,407.4 92,952.4 77,514.4 75,112.4 804,269.1 6. R4R - 58,260.0 236,279.0 176,310.0 89,780.0 39,086.0 17,426.0 13,051.0 630,192.0 7. Indigenous Peoples Development Plan - - 3,062.0 11,766.2 10,312.9 6,789.3 6,003.9 - 737,934.2 Total DASafL#1 COSTS 275,267.3 1,089,233 1,724,961 1,806,967 1,560,473 1,304,445 921,563.9 442,406.3 9,124,316 Physical Contingencies 35,523.7 124,921.8 194,560.7 220,409.8 198,474.0 169,926.9 115,857.8 49,810.6 1,109,495 Price Contingencies Inflation Local 13,220.7 145,925.7 394,786.0 590,331.3 630,945.1 631,472.1 506,990.8 291,276.0 3,194,848 Foreign 348.7 5,806.8 13,632.0 22,691.5 29,324.4 32,762.4 31,870.6 14,933.9 151,270.3 Subtotal Inflation 13,569.4 151,732.5 409,418.0 603,022.9 660,269.5 664,234.4 538,761.4 306,109.9 3,346,118 Devaluation - 15,734.2 47,298.9 79,854.4 101,025.8 113,039.8 110,887.8 51,928.8 519,759.6 Subtotal Price Contingencies 13,569.4 167,466.7 455,706.9 682,877.2 761,295.3 777,274.2 649,649.2 358,036.7 3,865,878 Total PO3UCT COSTS 324,360.3 1,380,621 2,375,229 2,710,254 2,520,242 2,251,646 1,687,071 850,255.5 14,099,679
Taxes 23,639.2 94,911.7 163,885.7 198,722.7 189,675.4 171,006.2 124,327.9 55,517.1 1,021,686 Foreign Exchange 30,669.5 203,641.4 320,295.4 390,600.9 402,804.0 384,892.5 333,213.3 142,125.3 2,208,242 'a
Thu Oct 12 16:42:06 1995
m e
o aO 3-1 Project Components by Year Mh 40 India Orissa WRCP tpend±tuzr Accounts by Coonpats - Dana Costs (RsOOO)
Basin Indigenous Planning a Research C Peoples Physical Scheme Environmental Agricultural Institutional Development Contingencies Completions SIFT Acticn Plan Intenfication Strengthening RSR Plan Total * Amount
I. Inveasnt Coats 409,234.6 - - A. Land Acquisition 307,357.6 - - - - 101,877.0 - 6,674,154 15.0 99B,752.5 B. Civil Works 4,278,539 2,074,540 63,750.0 25,000. 0 113,659.0 95,025.0 23,640.8 164,385.0 15.0 24,657.8 C. On-farm Development 8,085.0 156,300.0 - - - - - 10.0 80,709.5 D. Equipment 276,003.2 17,840.0 78,832.0 19,270.0 410,475.1 4,675.0 - 807,095.3 10.0 5,365.3 E. Vehicles 15,093.1 10,860.0 7,350.0 7,550.0 9,050.0 3,750.0 - 53,653.1 F. Training & Technical Assistance 32,804.2 5,600.0 52,639. 5 133,340.1 271,085.0 119,737.0 7,158.4 622,364.2 - - - - G. NGO Contracts - - - - - 261,687.0 4,885.0 266,572.0 8,997,458 12.3 1,109,485 Total Invostn nt Costs 4,917,882 2,265,140 202,571.5 185,160.1 804,269.1 586,751.0 35,684.2 II. Recurrent Costs 43,441.0 2,250.0 126,858.0 - - A. Incremental Staff c Operating Costs - - 74,117.0 7,050.0 - Total Racarrant Costs - - 74,117.0 7,050.0 - 43,441.0 2,250.0 126,858.0 - - 630,192.0 37,934.2 9,124,316 12.2 1,109,485 Total HAI3LINl COSTS 4,917,882 2,265,140 276,688.5 192,210.1 804,269.1 1,109,485 - Physical Contingencies 669,732.7 337,496.0 18,180.7 6,432.0 59,001.4 15,096.3 3,546.1 Price Contingencies Inflation - - I Local 1,620,955 1,^03,664 77,344.0 71,846.3 202,266.9 202,088.6 16,682.4 3,194,848 Foreign 80,646.7 25,491.3 6,270.9 4,938.9 32,045. 3 1,585.1 292.0 151,270.3 - - Sibtotal Inflation 1,701,602 1,029,156 83,614.9 76,785.2 234,312.3 203,673.7 16,974.5 3,346,118 - - 519,759.6 - - O Devaluation 278,489.4 88,697.6 21,014.5 16,389.5 108,801.4 5,350.2 1,016.9 10.9 423,027.2 Subtotal Price Contingencies 1,980,091 1,117,853 104,629.4 93,174.6 343,113.7 209,023.9 17,991.4 3,865,978 10.9 1,532,512 Total PROJCS COSTS 7,567,706 3,720,499 399,498.6 291,816.7 1,206,384 854,312.2 59,471.7 14,099,679
12.2 124,952.6 Taxes 587,769.9 281,213.3 30,637.9 9,479.8 91,323.6 17,885.4 3,375.9 1,021,686 2,208,242 10.2 224,930.7 Foreign Exchange 1,202,532 358,192.7 99,080.8 64,676.2 454,274.3 25,540.4 3,946.3
Thu Oct 12 16:41:55 1995
OQ
oS w
2-1 Expenditure Accounts by Components - Base Coats OD India Orissa WRCP Zqpend±tuwe Acooanta by YTrs (RsOOO)
Base Cost Foreign Exchange 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total I Amount
I. Invost t Costs A. Land Acquisition 26,621.1 95,812.1 108,484.4 88,719.5 54,180.8 12,786.6 17,414.1 5,214.0 409,234.6 - - B. Civil Works 228,031.1 794,984.0 1,192,491 1,345,988 1,190,653 1,001,808 664,305.7 255,883.4 6,674,154 13.7 912,177.4 C. On-farm Development - - - 5,842.5 28,062.5 43,570.0 42,560.0 44,350.0 164,385.0 - - D. Equipment 10,660.1 52,775.8 149,767.2 170,642.1 153,150.8 128,842.6 95,604.7 45,652.0 807,095.3 30.0 242,128.6 E. Vehicles 2,530.0 20,115.0 14,660.0 5,710.0 3,515.5 2,359.4 2,674.8 2,088.4 53,653.1 20.0 10,730.6 F. Training & Technical Assistance 7,425.0 81,130.6 113,191.0 99,501.2 86,075.6 84,613.2 78,315.1 72,112.5 622,364.2 40.1 249,697.0 G. NGO Contracts - 28,181.0 128,229.0 71,218.0 24,983.0 11,342.5 2,618.5 - 266,572.0 - - total Inv-t nt Costa 275,267.3 1,072,999 1,706,822 1,787,621 1, 540,622 1,285,324 903,492.9 425,310.3 8,997,458 15.7 1,414,734 II. Racorrent Coats A. Incremental Staff & Operating Costs - 15,234.0 18,139.0 19,346.0 19,851.0 19,121.0 18,071.0 17,096.0 126,858.0 - - Total £saarr.nt Coats - 15,234.0 18,139.0 19,346.0 19,851.0 19,121.0 18,071.0 17,096.0 126,858.0 - - Total DDJZES COSTS 275,267.3 1,088,233 1,724,961 1,806,967 1,560,473 1,304,445 921,563.9 442,406.3 9,124,316 15.5 1,414,734 Physical Contingencies 35,523.7 124,921.8 194,560.7 220,409.8 198,474.0 169,926.9 115,857.8 49,810.5 1,109,485 14.5 161,282.8 Trio. Coatinw.noies Inflation Local 13,220.7 145,925.7 394,786.0 580,331.3 630,945.1 631,472.1 506,890.8 291,276.0 3,194,848 - - Foreign 348.7 5,806.8 13,632.0 22,691.5 29,324.4 32,762.4 31,870.6 14,833.9 151,270.3 100.0 151,270.3 1 Sfbtotal af3lation 13,569.4 151,732.5 408,418.0 603,022.8 660,269.5 664,234.4 538,761.4 306,109.9 3,346,118 4.5 151,270.3 Devaluation - 15,734.2 47,288.9 79,854.4 101,025.8 113,039.8 110,887.8 51,928.8 519,759.6 92.5 480,955.6 .0 Subtotal Price Contingencies 13,569.4 167,466.7 455,706.9 682,877.2 761,295.3 777,274.2 649,649.2 358,038.7 3,865,878 16.4 632,225.8 q1 Total fOJlCGCO!TS 324,360.3 1,380,621 2,375,229 2,710,254 2,520,242 2,251,646 1,687,071 850,255.5 14,099,679 15.7 2,208,242 1
Taxes 23,639.2 94,911.7 163,885.7 198,722.7 189,675.4 171,006.2 124,327.9 55,517.1 1,021,686 - - Foreign Exchange 30,669.5 203,641.4 320,295.4 390,600.9 402,804.0 384,892.5 333,213.3 142,125.3 2,208,242 - -
Thu Oct 12 16:42:14 1995
0 00 00 4-1 Expenditure Accounta by Yeara F India Orissa WRCP Table 1. Rengali /a Detailed Costs (RsO00)
Parameters (in 4) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/38 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. lnvestimnt Coats A. Land Acquisition Samal barrage - 5,238 26,944 19,584 13,554 - - - 65,320 0.0 0.0 0.0 Distribution system - 1,811 3,416 2,333 17,300 13,526 15,831 4,740 55,957 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Land Acquisition - 7,049 30,360 21,917 30,054 10,526 15,831 4,740 121,277 B. Civil Works Samal Barrage - 32,298 15,113 - - - - - 47,411 10.0 35.0 8.0 Afflux bundh - 5,86S - 9,708 27,253 24,509 8,472 - 75,810 15.0 10.0 8.0 Civil Works - - - 3,923 10,302 4,662 - - 18,887 15.0 10.0 8.0 Roads - - 4,799 13,777 30,905 21,758 - - 71,239 15.0 10.0 8.0 Electrification - 5,880 ------5,880 15.0 10.0 8.0 Tikira Bridge - 9,575 8,418 - - - - - 17,993 15.0 10.0 8.0 Bridge approach rDad - - 10,378 - - - - - 10,378 15.0 10.0 8.0 Samal-Kaniha road - - 3,769 13,868 5,887 - - - 21,524 15.0 10.0 8.0 Survey & Investigation - - 3,085 - - - - - 3,085 15.0 15.0 8.0 Main Canal & Structures - 23,003 48,034 85,142 112,955 87,184 3,705 - 360,023 15.0 10.0 8.0 O Branch, Distributary & Structures - 11,999 12,970 4,105 2,590 58,506 49,284 11,807 151,261 15.0 10.0 8.0 0 Minors, Subminors & Structures - - - 26,515 57,781 71,528 52,508 22,840 231,172 15.0 10.0 8.0 Watercourses - - - - 5,607 5,623 5,149 837 17,216 15.0 10.0 8.0 Drainage - - - - - 9,325 14,458 10,412 34,195 15.0 10.0 8.0 Roads £ Bridges - - 519 546 - 13,631 1,224 11,498 27,418 15.0 10.0 8.0 Plantations - - - 5,224 - - - - 5,224 15.0 10.0 8.0 Buildings - - - _ 1,239 1,734 3,095 600 6,668 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil Works - 88,623 105,085 162,808 254,519 298,460 137,895 57,994 1,105,384 C. On-farm development ------15.0 0.0 0.0 D. Machinery, Equipmant & Materials Survey 6 Camp - - - - 569 649 657 270 2,145 10.0 30.0 12.0 Laboratory 6 Telemetry - - 6,068 3,469 1,191 973 985 406 13,092 10.u 30.0 12.0 Subtotal Machinery, Zquimpnnt & Materials - - 6,068 3,469 1,760 1,622 1,642 676 15,237 E. Vehicles - - - - 905 1,054 1,068 444 3,471 10.0 20.0 10.0 F. Technical Assistance and Training Consultancy Services - - - 367 2,622 3,004 1,942 807 8,742 0.0 0.0 0.o Total _ 95,672 141,513 188,561 280,660 314,666 158,378 64,661 1,254,111
\a Figures for 1994/95 represent costs in period January to March 1995. m m Wed Oct 04 20:39:08 1995 X
01 1-1 Rengali India Ori3sa WRCP Table 2. Mahanadr-Chitrotpala /a Detailed Costs (RS000)
Parameters (in 9) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Invest-nt Costs A. Land Acquisition 734 24,028 15,968 15,96B 3,174 - - - 59,872 0.0 0.0 0.0 B. Civil Works Distribution System 17,089 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 95,380 46,917 - 459,386 15.0 10.0 8.0 Preliminaries 396 2,000 1,457 1,247 - - - - 5,100 15.0 15.0 8.0 Drainage 1,475 5,500 4,000 5,000 5,500 4,000 1,035 - 26,510 15.0 10.0 8.0 Plantation 120 125 125 250 - - - - 620 15.0 10.0 8.0 Miscellaneous 823 1,830 1,830 1,830 1,830 1,830 1,827 - 11,800 15.0 10.0 8.0 O&M during Construction 380 500 800 1,500 1,500 2,170 - - 6,850 15.0 10.0 9.0 Building 735 1,065 ------1,800 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil Works 21,018 71,020 78,212 89,827 98,830 103,380 49,779 - 512,066 C. Msnbaeizy, 3quiynt & Materials Tools and Plant 2,673 900 900 800 830 700 - - 6,803 10.0 30.0 12.0 Communications 1,809 500 3,000 4,000 6,000 6,000 1,191 - 22,500 10.0 30.0 12.0 Subtotal Machinery, Uquiy-nt A Materials 4,482 1,400 3,900 4,800 6,830 6,700 1,191 - 29,303 Total 26,234 96,448 98,080 110,595 108,834 110,080 50,970 - 601,241
\a Figures for 1994/95 represent costs in period January to March 1995.
Wed Oct 04 20:39:18 1995
00
x M XD o w0 2-1 Mahanadi-Chitrotpala India Orissa hRCP Table 3. Naraj Bairage /a Detailed Costs (RsOOO)
Parameters (in C) Phy. Gross Base Cost _ _ Cont. For. Tax _94;95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Investnent Costs lb A. Land Acquisition - 1,330 - 1,330 0.0 0.0 0.0 B. Civil Worka Survey & investigation 400 500 100 - - - - - 1,000 15.0 10.0 8.0 Barrage - 90,000 94,000 148,000 209,000 200,000 189,000 - 930,000 15.0 35.0 8.0 Buildings - 8,000 ------8,000 15.0 10.0 8.0 Roads 10,000 2,900 - 1,000 1,000 2,000 - - 16,900 15.0 10.0 8.0 Miscellaneous - _ - _ 10,000 6,000 _ 9,000 - 26,000 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil Works 10,400 101,400 94,100 149,000 221,000 208,000 198,000 - 981,900 C. Machinery, Yqyipmnt £ Materials Gate Works - - 16,000 17,000 47,000 56,000 44,000 - 180,000 10.0 30.0 12.0 D. Technical Assistance and Training Lab Tests 100 150 50 - - - - - 300 0.0 0.0 0.0 Model Study 2,000 1,000 1,000 - - - - - 4,000 0.0 0.0 0.0 Design (CWC) 1,650 450 900 - - - - - 3,000 0.0 0.0 0.0 SubtotaLl Technical Assistance and Training 3,750 1,e600 1,950 - - - - - 7,300 Total 14,150 103,000 113,380 166,000 268,000 264,000 242,000 - 1,270,530 W
\a Figures for 1994/95 represent costs in period January to March 1995. \b NB Base costs shown are 90% of those in DOW1R Project Report which have a 106 allowance for physical contingency.
Wed Oct 04 20:39:25 1995
o D 00 o co 3-1 Naral Harrage f India Orissa WRCP Table 4. Badanalla Detailed Costs (Rs000)
Parameters (in 4) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/9S 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Inveat Costa A. Land Acquisition 500 2,700 - 3,900 - - - - 7,100 0.0 0.0 0.0 3. Civil W*zks Survey & Investigation 754 754 ------1,508 15.0 10.0 8.0 Headworks 24,190 23,370 5,400 - - - - - 52,960 15.0 10.0 8.0 Main Canals & Structures 22,362 24,135 34,526 6,185 - - - - 87,208 15.0 10.0 8.0 Distributaries & Minors 11,249 19,552 33,462 6,045 - - - - 10,308 15.0 10.0 8.0 Watercourses - - - 6,170 18,520 - - - 24,690 15.0 10.0 8.0 Buildings 600 551 700 - - - - - 1,851 15.0 10.0 8.0 Plantation - 648 1,080 432 - - - - 2,160 15.0 10.0 8.0 Catchment Treatment Plan 268 3,000 3,500 3,500 2,233 - - - 12,501 15.0 10.0 8.0 Maintenance prior to handover - 600 640 980 1,470 - - - 3,690 15.0 10.0 8.0 subtotal CivI U.k 59,423 72,610 79,308 23,312 22,223 - - - 256,876 C. On-farm development - - - 3,675 3,675 - - - 7,350 15.0 0.0 2.0 D. Iibhem, 3Iit £ I=tegi -al Telecomunications - 1,000 500 500 - - - - 2,000 10.0 30.0 12.0 (.4' E. Vehicles ------10.0 0.0 0.0 1.!meili Lisiatam..a !zaliaha Micro-distribution Consultancy 944 1,887 841 - - - - - 3,672 0.0 0.0 0.0 Training 1,056 2,111 941 _ - _ - - 4,108 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal .ainal haiatae & Twaininq 2,000 3,998 1,782 - - _ - 7,780 Total 61,923 80,308 81,590 31,387 25,898 - - - 281,106
Wed Oct 04 20:39:34 1995
.
oC 4-1 Dadanalla India Orissa WRCP Table 5. Harabhangi Detailed Costs (R.s00)
Parameters (in 8) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Investant Costs 1A. Land Acquisition 4,042 9,680 4,409 - - - - 18,131 0.0 0.0 0.0 B. Civil Works Survey & Ir,vestigation 237 660 200 - - - - - 1,097 15.0 10.0 8.0 Headworks 16,370 53,830 69,700 77,954 - - - - 216,754 15.0 10.0 8.0 DistLibution System 1,800 25,820 40,000 30,493 - - - - 98,113 15.0 10.0 8.0 Micro System - - 5,000 16,020 - - - - 21,020 15.0 10.0 8.0 Roads - 5,808 4,060 - - - - - 9,868 1.0 10.0 8.0 Plantations - 188 287 100 - - - - 575 15.0 10.0 8.0 Works maintenance before handover 384 2,375 1,200 - - - - - 3,959 15.0 10.0 8.0 Buildings for OM 388 888 684 - 1,960 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil Works 19,179 89,569 120,131 124,467 - - - _ 353,346 C. Machinery, Equipnt & Materials Gate engines - - 480 - - - - - 480 10.0 30.0 12.0 Tools and Plants - 2,574 2,000 - - _ _ 4,574 10.0 30.0 12.0 Subtotal Machinery, Zguipt=nt & Materials - 2,574 2,480 - - - - 5,05 D. Technical Assistance * Training 0 Micro-System Consultancy 1,000 3,000 - 4,000 0.0 0.0 0.0 Model study - 500 - - - - _ 500 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Technical Aasistance C Training 1,000 3,500 ------4,500 Total 24,221 105,323 127,020 124,467 - - - - 381,031
Wed Oct 04 20:39:42 1995
5-1 Harabhangi ° India Orissa WRCP Table 6. Hariharjore Detailed Costs (Rs0OO)
Parameters (in %) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
T. Znvatmut Coats A. Land Acquisition 2,000 5,040 5,000 - - - - - 12,040 0.0 0.0 0.0 S. Civil Works Survey & Investigation 270 950 560 - - - - - 1,780 15.0 10.0 8.0 Headworks 13,000 12,200 18,200 13,B75 - - - - 57,215 15.0 10.0 8.0 Distribution System 6,000 12,000 12,000 12,000 8,345 - - - 50,345 15.0 10.0 8.0 Drainage & Protection 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 530 - - - 4,530 15.0 10.0 8.0 Roads 330 350 350 470 - - - - 1,500 15.0 10.0 8.0 Buildings 1,600 1,600 800 - - - - - 4,000 15.0 10.0 8.0 Plantations 2,500 2,700 2,700 2,700 1,500 - - - 12,100 15.0 10.0 8.0 Maintenance prior to Handover 2,300 2,300 2,300 2,300 1,550 - - - 10,750 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil lxka 27,000 33,100 37,910 32,345 11,925 - - - 142,280 C. 1abin"y, Etquhmt & mteriala Equipment 1,500 1,450 1,000 2,550 - - - - 6,500 10.0 30.0 12.0 Motoro for Regulator Gates etc - 50 500 - - - - - 550 10.0 30.0 12.0 Telecommunication - 200 400 400 - - - - 1,000 10.0 30.0 12.0 1 Subtotal obiny, 3qait &*Ittxials 1,500 1,700 1,900 2,950 - - - - 8,050 D. Vehicles 2,300 1,900 2,000 2,100 1,200 - - - 9,500 10.0 20.0 10.0 C *. S!a±1l Aaistame a ftaimi Micro-distribution consultancy ------0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 32,800 41,740 46,810 37,395 13,125 - - - 171,870
Wed Oct 04 20:39:50 1995.
mm
6-1 Hariharjore 0
g India Orissa WRCP Table 7. Upper Jonk DataileA Costs (RsOOO)
Parameters (in 4) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cant. Eor. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
X. rav- tmat Costs A. Land Acquisition 10,344 10,000 9,020 5,000 - - - - 34,364 0.0 0.0 0.0 S. Civil works Survey and Investigation 2,113 1,575 1,056 537 - - - - 5,281 15.0 10.0 8.0 Headworks 31,742 42,936 52,146 30,847 23,689 - - - 183,360 15.0 10.0 8.0 Distribution System 15,711 27,739 24,883 45,220 32,270 - - - 145,823 15.0 10.0 8.0 Drainage 35 34 34 11 10 - - - 124 15.0 10.0 8.0 Roads 209 208 208 69 54 - - - 748 15.0 10.0 8.0 Plantation 371 370 370 122 94 - - - 1,327 15.0 10.0 8.0 Buildings - 690 1,381 228 176 - - - 2,475 15.0 10.0 8.0 Maintenance prior to handover 1,270 1,248 1,247 1,312 1,551 - - - 6,628 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil Works 51,451 74,800 81,325 78,346 57,844 - - - 343,766 C. Machinery, Equipment & Materials 2,917 2,912 2,911 964 744 - - _ 10,448 10.0 30.0 12.0 Total 64,712 87,712 93,256 84,310 58,588 - - - 388,578
Wed Oct 04 20:39:58 1995
fD X
7-1 Upper Jonk O
0 India Orissa WRCP Table 8. Baghua Detailed Costs (RsOOO0
Parameters (in 4) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Inves+ut Costs A. Land Acquisition 6,581 14,914 3,807 - - - - - 25,302 0.0 0.0 0.0 D. Civil Works Survey and Investigation 496 129 100 - - - - - 725 15.0 10.0 B.0 Head Works 15,184 31,349 30, 369 18, 000 - - - - 94,902 15.0 10.0 8.0 Distribution System 2,800 15,253 46 ,430 21,913 - - - - 86,396 15.0 10.0 8.0 Drainage - - 872 1,000 - - - - 1,872 15.0 10.0 8.0 Building for OeM 200 466 ------666 15.0 10.0 8.0 Catchment Treatment Plan - 1,085 578 1,952 - - - - 3,615 15.0 10.0 8.0 Environmental Mitigation - 1,436 766 2 ,585 - - - - 4 ,787 15.0 10.0 8.0 Works Maintenance 150 250 300 300 - - - - 1,000 15.0 10.0 8.0 Sibtotal Civil Works 18,830 49,968 79,415 45,750 - - - - 193,963 C. Machinery, Equipment s Materials 792 28 ------820 10.0 30.0 12.0 D. Vehicles - 750 ------750 10.0 20.0 10.0 S. Teoobial Assistance Farmer Training - - 350 150 - - - - 500 0.0 0.0 0.0 Micro Distribution Consultant - 980 20 - - - - - 1,000 0.0 0.0 0.0 LO Subtotal TeabSical Assistace - 980 370 150 - - - - 1,500 Total 26,203 66,640 83,592 45,900 - - - - 222,335
Wed Oct 04 20:40:04 1995
WA - 0 8-1 Baghua
a- India Orissa WRCP Table 9. Supplementary Program Detailed Costs (P.3s000)
Parameters (in *) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
X. Xnvastym t Costs A. Land Acquisition 2,420 7,341 6,989 4,679 3,403 1,053 1,583 474 27,942 0.0 0.0 0.0 B. Civil Works 20,730 58,109 67,549 70,586 66,634 60,984 38,567 5,799 388,958 15.0 10.0 8.0 C. On Farm Development - - - 368 368 - - - 735 15.0 0.0 2.0 D. Machinery, Equipment 6 Materials 969 961 3,376 2,968 5,633 6,432 4,683 68 25,091 10.0 30.0 12.0 E. Vehicles 230 265 200 210 211 105 107 44 1,372 10.0 20.0 10.0 F. Technical Assistance and Training 675 1,008 410 52 262 300 _ 194 81 2,982 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 25,024 67,684 78,524 78,862 76,511 68,875 45,135 6,466 447,080
Wed Oct 04 20:40:11 1995
W
I0:3 mm(
00 9-1 Supplementary Program
0 India Orissa WRCP Table 10. SIFT Detailed Coat. (R3000)
Parameters (in 4) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Invest t Coat A. Civil Work. Headworks - 70,400 246,420 253,750 214,960 167,650 124,030 128,450 1,205,660 15.0 10.0 8.0 Distributaries - 65,190 92,320 159,370 193,110 144,430 102,450 53,630 810,500 15.0 10.0 8.0 Measuring Devices - 600 4,430 11,240 6,560 4,200 1,750 2,020 30,800 15.0 10.0 8.0 Buildings - - 3,940 5,150 5,850 - - - 14,940 15.0 10.0 8.0 Preliminaries - 5,150 7,490 - - - 12,640 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil Woks - 141,340 354,600 429,510 420,480 316,280 228,230 184,100 2,074,540 B. On-Farm Development - - - 1,800 24,020 43,570 42,560 44,350 156,300 15.0 0.0 2.0 C. Nmahin.y, Equitt A Btariala Construction Equipment - - - 4,080 - - - - 4,080 10.0 30.0 12.0 Communication Equipment - - - - 1,540 890 - - 2,430 10.0 30.0 12.0 Computer/Software - 1,800 ------1,800 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Equipment - 4,200 1,800 2,380 - - - - 8,380 10.0 30.0 12.0 Audio Visual Equipment - - - 200 330 - - - 530 10.0 30.0 12.0 Other Equipment - - 200 - 420 - - - 620 10.0 30.0 12.0 Sobtotal Mahin.x2, 3quit t A Naterial - 6,000 2,000 6,660 2,290 890 - - 17,840 L D. Vehiclea Four Wheel Drive - - 5,060 - - - - - 5,060 10.0 20.0 10.0 Trucks - - 4,000 - - - - - 4,000 10.0 20.0 10.0 Tipper Trucks - - - 1,800 - - - - 1,800 10.0 20.0 10.0 Subtotal Veoiles - - 9,060 1,800 - - - - 10,860 S. Technical ASaista1t a Trairiiq International Consultant - 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 4,200 0.0 100.0 0.0 Local Consultants - 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 1,400 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total - 148,140 366,460 440,570 447,590 361,540 271,590 229,250 2,265,140
Wed Oct 04 20:40:16 1995
a :3
10-1 SIFT 0 h India Ori.sa WRCP Table 11. Basin Planning Detailed Costs (Rs00)
Parameters (in *) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 _97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Znveatmant Costa A. Civil Works Office Buildings - 500 9,000 15,750 1,000 - _ - 26,250 15.0 10.0 8.0 Residential Buildings - - - 35,000 - _ - 35,000 15.0 10.0 8.0 Road Works - 500 - - - _ - - 500 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil Works - 1,000 9,000 50,750 1,000 - - - 61,750 B. sk.chinery, *qnipmnt & Materials Audio Visual Equipment - - 1,230 - _ 1,230 10.0 30.0 12.0 Computer & Accesssaries - - 13,590 8,175 - - - - 21,765 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Equipment & Furnitures - 1,460 1,925 1,979 - - _ _ 5,364 10.0 30.0 12.0 Drawing Equipment - 100 ------100 10.0 30.0 12.0 Remote Sensing Equipment - - - 9,000 4,500 - - - 13,500 10.0 30.0 12.0 Communication Equipment - - 300 2,175 - - - - 2,475 10.0 30.0 12.0 Laboratory Equipment - - 2,063 - - _ 2,063 10.0 30.0 12.0 Models 6 Software - - 2,000 2,600 2,000 - _ - 6,600 10.0 30.0 12.0 Books 6 Journals - 120 300 300 220 120 120 120 1,300 10.0 30.0 12.0 L Other Mach., Equip., Materials - 800 3,050 800 800 800 800 800 7,850 10.0 30.0 12.0 I' Subtotal Machinery, lquipmnt & Materials - 2,480 24,458 25,029 7,520 920 920 920 62,2477 C. Vehicles Cars - 4,200 ------4,200 10.0 20.0 10.0 Minibus/Lab. Van - 400 800 - - - - - 1,200 10.0 20.0 10.0 Subtotal Vehicles - 4,600 800 - - - - - 5,400 D. Technical Assistance a Training International Consultants - - 3,600 3,600 - - 3,600 3,600 14,400 0.0 100.0 0.0 Local Consultants - 500 500 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 6,000 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total Inveatmnt Costs - 8,580 38,358 80,379 9,520 1,920 5,520 5,520 149,797 II. Recurrent Costs A. Increantal Staff Costa Incremental Engineering Staff - 5,146 5,146 5,146 5,146 5,146 5,146 5,146 36,022 0.0 0.0 8.0 Incremental Technical Staff - 1,276 1,276 1,276 1,276 1,276 1,276 1,276 8,932 0.0 0.0 8.0 Incremental Non-Technical Staff - 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399 3,399 23,793 0.0 0.0 8.0 Total - 18,401 48,179 90,200 19,341 11,741 15,341 15,341 218,544
Wed Oct 04 20:40:26 1995
X t
ONX
11-1 Basin Planning 0 Fh -h India Orissa WFtP Table 12. Environmental Action Plan Detailed Coats (RsOO0)
Parameters (in 8 Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/9t 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
X. Xnwesmnt Costs a. hinery, zqimnt a aIterials 1. Sain Planni* Audiovisual Equipment - 50 155 - - - - - 205 10.0 30.0 12.0 Computer 6 Accessaries - 600 850 - - - - - 1,450 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Equip 6 Furniture - 60 230 - - - - - 290 10.0 30.0 12.0 Drawing Equipment - 10 ------10 10.0 30.0 12.0 Communications Equipment - - 110 - - - - - 110 10.0 30.0 12.0 Laboratory Equipment - - 800 600 - - - - 1,400 10.0 30.0 12.0 Other Machinery 6 Equipment - 50 40 - - - - - 90 10.0 30.0 12.0 M4odels £ Softwares - 600 ------600 10.0 30.0 12.0 Books & Journals - 140 - - - _ _ - 140 10.0 30.0 12.0 Smbtotal asin Plannin - 1,510 2,185 600 - - - - 4,295 2. Proet Forlation Audiovisual Equipment - 50 350 - - - - - 400 10.0 30.0 12.0 5 Computer & Accessaries - 600 1,000 - - - - - 1,600 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Equip i Furniture - 150 150 - - - - - 300 10.0 30.0 12.0 (_ Drawing Equipment - 25 25 - - - - - 50 10.0 30.0 12.0 1- Communications Equipment - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 10.0 30.0 12.0 Laboratory Equipment - - 800 600 - - - - 1,400 10.0 30.0 12.0 Other Machinery 4 Equipment - 50 50 - - - - - 100 10.0 30.0 12.0 Models & Softwares - 600 ------600 10.0 30.0 12.0 Books & Journals - 140 - - - 140 10.0 30.0 12.0 Subtotal Project oznlation - 1,715 2,475 700 100 100 100 100 5,290 Subtotal Achinezy, Nquigint a Materisls - 3,225 4,660 1,300 100 100 100 100 9,585 B. Vehicles 1. Main Planning unit Cars - 200 ------200 10.0 20.0 10.0 Vans - 400 ------400 10.0 20.0 10.0 Subtotal Basin Plaig UInit - 600 - - - - _ _ 600 2. Project rozlatiom Untt Car - 200 ------200 10.0 20.0 10.0 Lab. Van - 400 ------400 10.0 20.0 10.0 Subtotal Project Voalaticn Unit - 600 ------600 Subtotal Veioles - 1,200 ------1,200 C. Technical Assistance a STaining Int 1. truatiomaCoeslttants 6 X
1a 12-1 Environmental Action Plan Water Sector Env. Specialist - 1,800 1,800 900 900 900 900 600 7,800 0.0 100.0 0.0 Misc. Short Term Env. Expert - 1,800 1,800 1,800 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 10,200 0.0 100.0 0.0 Subtotal International Consultants - 3,600 3,600 2,700 2,100 2,100 2,100 1,800 18,000 2. Local Consultants Water Sector Env. Specialist - 250 250 200 200 200 200 200 1,500 0.0 0.0 0.0 General/Misc. Experts - 250 250 200 200 200 200 200 1,500 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Local Consultants - 500 500 400 400 400 400 400 3,000 3. International Training University & Institute - 415 415 415 415 415 415 - 2,490 0.0 100.0 0.0 Seminar / Workshop - 190 190 190 190 190 190 - 1,140 0.0 100.0 0.0 Study Tour - 290 290 290 290 290 290 - 1,740 0.0 100.0 0.0 Subtotal International Training - 895 895 895 895 895 895 - 5,370 4. Local Training - In Orissa University & Institute - 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 861 0.0 0.0 0.0 Seminar / Workshop - 18 18 19 18 18 18 18 126 0.0 0.0 0.0 Study Tour - 17 17 17 17 17 I7 17 116 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Local Training - In Orissa - 158 158 158 159 158 158 158 1,103 5. Local Training - In Other States University & Institute - 37 37 37 37 37 37 - 222 0.0 0.0 0.0 Seminar / Workshop - 9 9 9 9 9 9 - 54 0.0 0.0 0.C Study Tour - 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 91 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Local Training - In Other States - 59 59 59 59 59 59 13 367 Subtotal Technical Assistance a Training - 5,212 5,212 4,212 3,612 3,612 3,612 2,371 27,840 D. 3nvironmntal Monitoring - Chilika Lake Civil Works - 500 500 500 500 - - - 2,000 15.0 10.0 8.0 Equipment & Materials - 2,000 3,500 1,500 - - - - 7,000 10.0 30.0 12.0 1 Vehicles - 250 500 - - - - - 750 10.0 20.0 10.0 Consultancy & Training - 1,400 1,000 1,000 1,000 - - - 4,400 0.0 0.0 0.0 F- Total Investment Costs - 13,787 15,372 9,512 5,212 3,712 3,702 2,471 52,775 II. Recurrent Costs A. Machinery qaipmint Maintenance Basin Planning Unit - - 20 200 300 300 300 300 1,420 0.0 0.0 8.0 Project Formulation Unit - - 50 100 100 100 200 200 750 0.0 0.0 8.0 Subtotal Machinary Equipment Maintenance - - 70 300 400 400 500 500 2,170 B. Vehicle Operations a Maintenance Basin Planning Unit - 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 900 0.0 0.0 8.0 Project Formulation Unit - 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 900 0.0 0.0 8.0 Subtotal Vehicle Operations a Maintenance - 200 200 200 200 200 400 400 1,800 C. Other Operating Costs Basin Planning - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 0.0 0.0 8.0 Project Formulation - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 0.0 0.0 8.0 Total - 14,187 15,842 9,212 6,012 4,512 4,812 3,571 58,145
Wed Oct 04 20:40:49 1995
_ m 00
0 12-2 Environmental Action Plan Fh
S. India Orissa WRCP Table 13. Water Resources Research Fund Detailed Costa (RsOOO)
Parameters (in *) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 O/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. XZyelat Cota A. Research Grants - 15,714 15,714 15,714 15,714 15,714 15,714 15,714 110,000 0.0 30.0 0.0 Total - 15,714 15,714 15,714 15,714 15,714 15,714 15,714 110,000
Wed Oct 04 20:41:03 1995
114
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13-1 Water Resources Research Fund o 13-1 FundC Watr Resoures Reseach Ih .0. India Orissa WFCP Table 14. Agricultural Intensification Detailed Costs (RsOOO)
Parameters (in *) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Inv"t t Costa A. Civil Works Buildings - 2,000 2,000 2,000 4,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 25,000 15.0 10.0 8.0 D. Veicles Car - 250 ------250 10.0 20.0 10.0 Mobile Van/Minibus - 600 600 600 1,200 1,200 1,500 1,600 7,300 10.0 20.0 10.0 Subtotal Vebicl* - 850 600 600 1,200 1,200 1,500 1,600 7,550 C. abca±n.zy, fqmipmt a Materials Computer & accessories - 400 400 400 800 800 1,000 1,200 5,000 10.0 30.0 12.0 Audio-Visual Equipment - 280 280 280 560 560 700 840 3,500 10.0 30.0 12.0 Furniture - 360 360 360 1,320 1,320 1,650 1,980 7,350 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Suplies - 20 40 60 100 140 200 250 810 10.0 30.0 12.0 Agricultural Implements - 210 210 210 420 420 520 620 2,610 10.0 30.0 12.0 Subtotal .bahioxry, 3qtipm-nt A matsrials - 1,270 1,290 1,310 3,200 3,240 4,070 4,890 19,270 0. Technical & Marketing Assistance - 1,480 1,840 2,780 3,430 4,850 4,460 4,500 23,340 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total Invest int Coots - 5,600 5,730 6,690 11,830 13,290 15,030 16,990 75,160 1I. Reaurrent Costs A. Vehicle Operation & Maintenance - 250 300 500 800 1,100 1,500 2,000 6,450 0.0 0.0 8.0 B. Building Maintenance - - - 30 70 100 150 250 600 0.0 0.0 8.0 Total - 5,850 6,030 7,220 12,700 14,490 16,680 19,240 82,210
Wed Oct 04 20:41:07 1995
OQ
CD 14-1 Agricultural Intensification 0
0 India Orissa WRCP Table 15. E.I.C. Planning & Design Detailed Costs (RsOOO)
Parameters (in %) Prly. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. InvXmlat Costa A. Civil Uozk Office Buildings - - 480 720 - - - - 1,200 15.0 10.0 8.0 Residential Building - - 910 1,120 - - - - 2,030 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil zk - - 1,390 1,840 - - - - 3 230 *. abinezy, 3qiImnt Rtri&la Office Equipment - - 93 280 - - - - 373 10.0 30.0 12.0 Furnitures - - 81 189 - - - - 270 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Supplies - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 10.0 30.0 12.0 subtotal 7ineLT, Eqo4mmt a Ifterial - 100 274 569 100 100 100 100 1 ,343 C. Vehiles Cars - 450 ------450 10.0 20.0 10.0 Total - 550 1,664 2,409 100 100 100 100 5,023
Wed Oct 04 20:41:16 1995
00 : EI.l D x
15-1 E.I.C. Planning s Design 0
.6 India Orissa WRCP Table 16. Monitoring, Evaluation, Program, Budget A Account Detailed Couta (RsOOO)
Parameters (in 8) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
X. Xntment Costs &. Civil n Office Buildings - - 640 980 - - - - 1,620 15.0 10.0 8.0 Residential Building - - 2,170 2,660 - - _ - 4,830 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil orks - - 2,810 3,640 - - - - 6,450 B. ,.abiinry,Equimnt Materzials Office Equipment - - 90 268 - - - - 358 10.0 30.0 12.0 Furnitures - - 109 253 - - - 362 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Supplies - 100 100 100 1 100 100 100 700 10.0 30.0 12.0 Subtotal Macinery, Squipient a Stazial - 100 299 621 100 100 100 100 1,420 C. Vehicle Cars & Jeeps - 650 ------650 10.0 20.0 10.0 Total - 750 3,109 4,261 100 100 100 100 8,520
Wed Oct 04 20:41:24 1995
Q0% FX
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16-1 Monitoring, Evaluation, Program, Budget a Account °
0 India Orissa WRCP Table 17. Personnel Detailed Costa (RsOOl)
Parameters (in .) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Inyestmt Costs A. Civil Works Office Buildings - - 480 740 - - - - 1,220 15.0 10.0 8.0 Residential Building - - 1, 050 1,225 - - - 2,275 15.0 10.0 8.0 SLbtotal Civil Works - - 1, 530 1,965 - - - - 3,495 3. Mahinery, 3q4ipu nt a Materials Office Equipment - - 83 248 - - - - 331 10.0 30.0 12.0 Audiovisuals - - 112 33B - - - - 450 10.0 30.0 12.0 Furnitures - - 94 220 - - - - 314 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Supplies - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 10.0 30.0 12.0 Subtotal Machinery, 3qui_nt Materials - 100 389 906 100 100 100 100 1,795 C. Vehicles Cars & Jeeps - 450 ------450 10.0 20.0 10.0 Total - 550 1 919 2,871 100 100 100 100 5,740
Wed Oct 04 20:41:31 1995
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17-1 Personnel
0 India Orissa WRCP Table 18. Procurement Detailed Costs (RsOOO)
Parameters (in *) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Investmawt Costs A. Civil Works Office Buildings - - 520 840 - - - - 1,360 15.0 10.0 8.0 Residential Building - - 1,330 1,628 - - - - 2,958 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil Works - - 1,850 2,468 - - - - 4,318 S. lanchinry, Nqui;mnt * Materials Office Equipment - - 96 290 - - - - 386 10.0 30.0 12.0 Furnitures - - 90 210 - - - - 300 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Supplies - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 10.0 30.0 12.0 Svbtotal INachiney, Rquint Materials - 100 286 600 100 100 100 100 1,386 C. Vebicles Cars & Jeeps - 450 - _ - - - - 450 10.0 20.0 10.0 Total - 550 2,136 3,068 100 100 100 100 6,154
Wed Oct 04 20:41:38 1995
'00
fD M
16-1 Procurement °
gh India Orissa WRCP Table 19. Water Services Detailed Costs (Rs000 )
Parameters (in 41 Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/91 97/98 9S/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Inveatt Costs A. Civil Works Office Buildings - - 1,260 1,896 - - - - 3,156 15.0 10.0 8.0 Residential Building - _ 3,902 4,777 - - - - 8,679 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil Works - - 5,162 6,673 - - - - 11,835 B. n.-%inezy, faipint laterials Office Equipment - - 168 503 - - - - 671 10.0 30.0 12.0 Audiovisuals - - 112 338 - - - - 450 10.0 30.0 12.0 Furnitures - - 200 467 - - - - 667 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Supplies - 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 1,400 10.0 30.0 12.0 Subtotal yobinazy, Zquiy t a Mterials - 200 680 1,508 200 200 200 200 3,188 C. Vehiolea Cars 6 seeps - 1,300 ------1,300 10.0 20.0 10.0 Total - 1,500 5,842 8,181 200 200 200 200 17.,323
Wed Oct 04 20:41:46 1995
4-'
mm 19-1 Water Services x 0 India Orissa WRCP Table 20. Design & Research Detailed Costs
Parameters (ini sliy. Gro ss Base Cost Co:1t. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/91 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01 02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Inves';;nt Costs A. Civil Works 1. Office Buildings - - 360 520 - - - - Hn i .0 10.0 9.d 2. Residential Building - 1,100 1,435 - - - - 1,581 1- ' 10.0 0.0 3. Other Construction Institute of Hydrological Reje-rch - - 4, H.0 -,2DC - - - - 1_,00 15.0 1.1 0.0 Auditorium/Conference Hall - - 1,500 - - - - - 1,500 15.0 10.1 8.0 Furniture (Inst. Blgd) - - 2,000 - - _ _ - 2,000 15.0 10.0 8.0 Furniture lAud./Conf. Hall) - - 1, 200 - - - - - 1,00 15. D 10.C 8. 0 Library Room - - 1, 01D - - - I, 1 10.0 10.3 8. Construction & Derso Models - 2,000 2,0 0 2 ,000 2, 2,000 2,,,00 2,000 1/4, 15.0 10.0 8.0 Dev. of Phys. Model Area - 300 - - - _ 0015.1 10.0 0.0 Subtotal Other ConAtruction - 2,300 12,500 9,200 2,0C 2,000 2,000 2,000 32, 000 Subtotal Civil Works - --,300 14,015 11,155 2,D00 2,000 2,000 DC, 35,473 B. Machinery, quipint a Materials Office Equipment - - 3,02e 9,0'9 - - - - 02,1C510.0 30.G 12.0 Furnitures - - 62 145 - - - - 2C0 10.0 30. 0 12.0 Office Supplies - 100 100 100 100 1300 1 100 700 10.0 30.0 12.0 Computer & Lab Consumables - 571 571 571 571 571 571 571 4,000 10.0 30.0 12.0 Computer Softwares - 11,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 5,000 41,000 10.0 30.0 12.0 Subtotal Machinery, Egqipment MMaterials - 11,671 8,759 14,895 5,671 58,012 C. Vehicles Cars & Jeeps - 2,150 - - - - - 2,150 10.0 20.0 10.0 Pickups - 750 ------750 10. C0 20.0 10.0 Total - 06,871 22,774 26,050 7,671 7,671 7,697 7,f61 96,382
Wed Oct 04 20:41:53 1995
>- 73 0
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CO 20-1 Design Research 0 F-h X.- 0 India Orissa WRCP Table 21. Upper Mahanadi Basin Organisation Detaied Coats (ROO0)
Parameters (in 1) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
s. _veU t Costs A. civil Office Buildings - - 1,280 1,924 - - - - 3,204 15.0 10.0 8.0 Residential Building - - 4,935 6,038 - - - - 10,973 15.0 10.0 8.0 subtotalCivisl tk - - 6,215 7,962 - - - - 14,177 D. ^binezy, zqulmt a itorala Office Equipment - - 168 504 - - - - 672 10.0 30.0 12.0 Audiovisuals - _ 112 330 - - _ 450 10.0 30.0 12.0 Furnitures - - 208 485 - - - - 693 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Supplies - 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 1,400 10.0 30.0 12.0 Svbtotal _ c iaez, Zqalnt * atezLalS - 200 688 1,527 200 200 200 200 3,215 C. Veklalex Cars 6 Jeeps - 850 - 850 10.0 20.0 10.0 1ota - 1,050 6,903 9,489 200 200 200 200 18,242
Wed Oct 04 20:42:02 1995
d i
-J - 21-1 Upper Mahanadi Basin Organisation 0 4.9
0 India Orissa WRCP Table 22. Loer Mahanadi & Rushikulya Basin Organisation Detailed Costs (Rs 00)
Parameters (in 4) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. XInvt.s t Costs A. Civil Worka Office Buildings - - 704 1,060 - - - - 1,764 15.0 10.0 8.0 Residential Building - - 2,380 2,940 - - - - 5,320 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Civil Works - - 3,084 4,000 - - - - 7,084 B. Usobnazy, Zquijunnt & Materials Office Equipment - - 63 169 - - - - 252 10.0 30.0 12.0 Audiovisuals - - 112 338 - - - - 450 10.0 30.0 12.0 Furnitures - - 111 259 - - - - 370 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Supplies - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 10.0 30.0 12.0 Subtotal Mnczhin.zy, Zquipsit a Materials - 100 386 886 100 100 100 100 1 772 C. V.hiclas Cars & Jeeps - 400 ------400 10.0 20.0 10.0 Tota - 500 3,470 4,886 100 100 100 100 9,256 1
8 Wed Oct 04 20:42:10 1995
W m OD X.
0 India Orissa WRCP Table 23. Communication Strategy Detaild Costs (RsOO
Parameters (in 9) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Invtnt Coets A. Civil Works Office Buildings - - 960 1,440 - - - - 2,400 15.0 10.0 8.0 D. afhinezy, quinmmt aterials Office Equipment - - 209 626 - - - - 835 10.0 30.0 12.0 Audiovisuals - - 564 1,694 - - - - 2,258 10.0 30.0 12.0 Furnitures - - 108 252 - - - - 360 10.0 30.0 12.0 Office Supplies - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 700 10.0 30.0 12.0 Communication Media - 2,328 329 329 329 329 329 329 4,302 10.0 30.0 12.0 Subtotal Iadhinazy, 4ziqutt A ktarials - 2,428 1,310 3,001 429 429 429 429 8,455 C. Vbiales Mobile Van - 1,600 ------1,600 10.0 20.0 10.0 Vota - 4,026 2,270 4,441 429 429 429 429 12,455
Wed Oct 04 20:42:17 1995
m X
23-1 Communication Strategy
0 India Orissa WRCP Table 24. Information Technology in DtOR Dtaned C"ta (RsOOO)
Parameters (in %) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cant. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
Z. xoNest cents A. civi1 W 15.0 10.0 8.0 Computer Room Furnishings - 5,200 10,000 - - - - - 15,200 Ymaezr, 3q.eumt, a lttaL. *. 30.0 12.0 Telecom & Telemetry - 5,000 20,500 31,250 45,500 25,910 11,970 11,970 152,100 10.0 10.0 30.0 12.0 Computer Hardwares - 2,636 20,316 22,716 5,116 5,116 5,116 5,116 66,132 30.0 12.0 Systems Support - - 4,472 4,472 4,472 4,472 4,472 4,472 26,832 10.0 30.0 12.0 Model and System Softwares - 1,000 8,000 8,000 4,765 - - - 21,765 10.0 10.0 30.0 12.0 Cu3tomization * Dev of Softwares - - 3,120 6,240 6,240 6,240 6,240 6,240 34,320 10.0 30.0 12.0 Books & Journals - 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 1,400 10.0 30.0 12.0 Consumables - 400 2,400 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 22,800 sebtotal _eb1iny, Eqm1t t, a Wtzi±ail - 9,236 59,008 76,878 70,293 45,938 31,998 31,990 325,349 C. oiesl LacLatamce 0.0 100.0 0.0 International Consultant - - 2,400 2,400 600 600 600 600 7,200 0.0 0.0 0.0 Local Consultant - 300 600 600 150 150 150 150 2,100 349,849 Total - 14,736 72,008 79,879 71,043 46,6688 32,748 32,748 W Wed Oct 04 20:42:24 1995
4c- OD 24-1 InformationTechnology in DOWR 0 .5h India Orissa WRCP Table 25. Staff Training & Technical Assistance Detaild Catg (RsOOO)
Parameters (in 4) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/91 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
X. Inv_t t Coats A. Civil Works - 2,000 4,000 4,000 - - - 10,000 15.0 10.0 8.0 B. Machinery, Equipment Materials - 1,540 3,000 - - - - - 4,540 10.0 30.0 12.0 C. Training 1. Interntionel Training University & Institute - 10,680 11,095 11,095 11,095 11,095 11,095 11,095 77,250 0.0 100.0 0.0 Seminar / Workshop - 4,180 4,310 4,370 4,370 4,370 4,370 4,370 30,400 0.0 100.0 0.0 Study Tour - 3,890 3,890 4,090 4,080 4,080 4,080 4,080 28,180 0.0 100.0 0.0 Subtotal Intarntiomal TraSin - 18,750 19,355 19,545 19,545 19,545 19,545 19,545 135,830 2. Lo1a Taining - In Other States University a Institute - 2,443 2,508 2,508 2,508 2,508 2,508 2,508 17,491 0.0 0.0 0.0 Seminar / Workshop - 509 546 546 546 546 546 546 3,785 0.0 0.0 0.0 Study Tour - 570 510 609 609 609 609 609 4,185 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal. Seas1 Training - In Other States - 3,522 3,624 3,663 3,663 3,663 3,663 3,663 25,461 3. Local Training - In Orisas University £ Institute - 5,413 5,413 5,413 5,413 5,413 5,413 5,413 37,891 0.0 0.0 0.0 W Seminar / Workshop - 777 717 777 777 177 777 717 5,439 0.0 0.0 0.0 L Study Tour - 1,046 1,046 1,046 1,046 1,046 1,046 1,046 7,322 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Loma Trainin - Zn Oriess - 7,236 7,236 7,236 7,236 7,236 7,236 7,236 50,652 1 4. FOT Training - 1,000 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 1,002 - 12,002 0.0 0.0 0.0 SubtotalTraining - 30,508 32,715 32,944 32,944 32,944 31,446 30,444 223,945 D. oeabniaalAssiatance 1. Organizing Expert for FOT Training - 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 840 0.0 0.0 0.0 2. Deaign, Contruction Planning, Quality Control International Consultant - 1,800 1,800 1,800 600 600 600 - 7,200 0.0 100.0 0.0 Local Consultant - 300 300 300 200 200 200 200 1,700 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Desiga, Construztion Plnning, Quality Control - 2,100 2,100 2,100 800 900 800 200 8,900 3. Training Consltant International Consultant - 2,400 2,400 600 600 600 600 - 7,200 0.0 100.0 0.0 National Consultant - 500 300 300 300 200 200 - 1,900 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal TrainI' Coultant - 2,900 2,700 go0 goo 800 800 - 9,000 4. Sparvision Consultant International Consultant - 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 2,100 0.0 100.0 0.0 Local Consultant - 425 425 425 325 325 325 325 2,575 0.0 0.0 0.0 ubtotal swrvision Consultant - 725 725 725 625 625 625 625 4,675 ,t : 5. IsoellanEsau Consultant p International Consultant - 1,371 1,371 1,371 1,371 1,371 1,371 1,371 9,597 0.0 100.0 0.0
OD
25-1 Staff Training £ Technical Assistance O
g Local Consultant - 604 604 604 604 604 604 604 4,228 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Miacellanmous Consultant - 1,975 1,975 1,975 1,975 1,975 1,975 1,975 13,825 6. Prop. of Plan of OaK for S.C. Local Consultant - 200 200 200 - - - - 600 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total - 42,068 47,535 42,964 37,364 37,264 35,766 33,364 276,325
Wed Oct 04 20:42:44 1995
OQ~ (DIDx,o
25-2 Staff Training Technical Assistance 0 -h- India Orissa WRCP Table 26. Rengali-RSR Detailed Coate (Rs000)
Parameters (in *) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
X. Inveasmt Coats A. Land Aaquiaitioa Land Acquisition - 900 7,680 19,560 14,460 - - - 42,600 0.0 0.0 0.0 Homestead Land - - 1,000 812 916 484 - - 3,212 0.0 0.0 0.0 Maintenance Allowance - - 1,500 1,218 1,374 726 - 44,818 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal nd Acquiaition - 900 10,180 21,590 16,750 1,210 - - 50,630 B. Civil Works - - - 4,000 3,295 3,435 1,815 - 12,545 15.0 10.0 8.0 C. Machinery, Equipment & Materials - - 150 300 - - - - 450 10.0 30.0 12.0 D. Vehicles - - 250 500 - - - - 750 10.0 20.0 10.0 E. Technical Assistance & Training - - 1,244 1,922 2,411 2,654 2,654 2,654 13,539 0.0 0.0 0.0 W. mm0 Coutiats House Construction - - 5,000 4,060 4,580 2,420 - - 16,060 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rehabilitation Assistance - - 29,575 17,470 14,985 5,490 - - 67,520 0.0 0.0 0.0 Transport - - 125 102 115 61 - - 403 0.0 0.0 0.0 NGO Support - 545 840 1,055 1,160 1,160 1,160 - 5,920 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total Investmt Costs - 1,445 47,364 50,999 43,296 16,430 5,629 2,654 167,817 II. PAORuze.t Costs w A. Imaemental Oprating Coats Incremental Staff Costs - - 250 750 750 750 750 - 3,250 0.0 0.0 8.0 Incremental Operating Costs - - 200 600 600 600 600 - 2,600 0.0 0.0 8.0 Total j. 1,445 47,814 52,349 44,646 17,780 6,979 2,654 173,667
Wed Oct 04 20:42:48 1995
WI'd Ix
26-1 Rengali-R&R Fb
0 Indtia Orissa WRCP Table 27. Badanalla-R&R Detailed Costa (Rs000)
Parameters (inl53 Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Invctment Costs A. Land Aoqniaition Land Acquisition - 1,500 1,500 680 - - - - 3,680 0.0 0.0 0.0 Homestead Land - - 83 - - - - - 83 0.0 0.0 0.0 Maintenance Allowance - 624 - 624 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Land Acquisition - 2,124 1,583 680 - - - - 4,387 B. Civil Works - - 2,265 2,015 2,015 - - - 6,295 15.0 10.0 8.0 C. Machinery, Equipment & Materials - 150 - - - 150 10.0 30.0 12.0 D. Vehicles - 250 ------250 10.0 20.0 10.0 E. Technical Assistance & Training - - 435 435 435 - - - 1,305 0.0 0.0 0.0 r. Noo Contracts House Construction ------0.0 0.0 0.0 Rehabilitation Assistance - 1,875 1,875 850 - - - - 4,600 0.0 0.0 0.0 Transport ------0.0 0.0 0.0 NGO Support - - 190 190 190 - - - 570 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total Inveuts nt Costs - 4,399 6,348 4,170 2,640 - - - 17,557 W II. Recurrent Costs N A. Inormantal Operating Costs Incremental Staff Costs - 250 250 250 250 - - - 1,000 0.0 0.0 8.0 Incremental Operating Costs - 200 200 200 200 - - - 800 0.0 0.0 8.0 Total - 4,849 6,798 4,620 3,090 - - - 19,357
Wed Oct 04 20:42:56 1995
OQ 0 0D
27-1 Badanalla-R&R 0 Mih India Orissa WRCP Table 28. Harabhangi-RnR DetailW Cota (RsOOO)
Parameters (in 4) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
X. ZV.atlemt Costa A. LmA Amq.i±etiom Land Acquisition - 3,200 1,600 1,140 - - _ _ 5,940 0.0 0.0 0.0 Homestead Land - - 640 - - - - - 640 0.0 0.0 0.0 Maintenance Allowance - - 960 - - - - - 960 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal I.i' Awaiatieo - 3,200 3,200 1,140 - - - - 7,540 B. Civil Works _ - 2,650 - - - - - 2,650 15.0 10.0 9.0 C. Machinery, Equipment 6 Materials - 150 ------150 10.0 30.0 12.0 D. Vehicles - 250 ------250 10.0 20.0 10.0 E. Technical Assistance & Training - - 639 647 647 - - - 1,933 0.0 0.0 0.0 r. Mo Costsaata House Construction - - 3,200 - - - - - 3,200 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rehabilitation Assistance - 6,625 8,400 1,425 - - - - 16,450 0.0 0.0 0.0 Transport - - 96 - - - - - 96 0.0 0.0 0.0 NGO Support - - 279 283 283 - - 845 0.0 0.0 0.0 I Totel 1Sa _a_t Costs - 10,225 18,464 3,495 930 - - - 33,114 @ It. _AUZZMt Ceta I a. uzmtal qat±m Coat Incremental Staff Costs - 250 250 250 250 - - - 1,000 0.0 0.0 8.0 Incrmental Operating Costs - 200 200 200 200 - - _ 800 0.0 0.0 8.0 stlo - 10,675 18,914 3,945 1,380 - - - 34,914
Wed Oct 04 20:43:04 1995
is
28-1 Harabhangi-RfR 0 P- India Orissa WRCP Table 29. Hariharjore-R&R Detailed Costs (Rs000)
Parameters (in 6) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Inwsi ant Costs A. Land Aoquisition Land Acquisition - - 809 2,726 - - - - 3,535 0.0 0.0 0.0 Homestead Land - - 1,608 996 - - - - 2,604 0.0 0.0 0.0 Maintenance Allowance - - 2,076 1,494 - - - 3,570 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal TLnd Acquisition - - 4,493 5,216 - - - - 9,709 B. Civil Works - - 3,645 4,000 4,000 250 - - 11,895 15.0 10.0 8.0 C. Machinery , Equipment 6 Materials - - 150 150 - - - - 300 10.0 30.0 12.0 D. Vehicles - - 250 250 - - - - 500 10.0 20.0 10.0 E. Technical Assistance & Training - - 1,132 1,751 1,751 1,751 - - 6,385 0.0 0.0 0.0 r. NCO contracts House Construction - - 9,120 4,980 - - - - 14,100 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rehabilitation Assistance - - 21,895 13,160 - - - - 35,055 0.0 0.0 0.0 Transport - - 228 125 - - - - 353 0.0 0.0 0.0 NGOC Support _ - 495 766 766 766 - - 2,793 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total Investment Costs - - 41,408 30,398 6,517 2,767 - - 81,090 II. Rpourrent Costs ts A. Incremental Oporating Costs O) Incremental Staff Costs - - 250 250 250 250 - - 1,000 0.0 0.0 8.0 Incremental Operating Costs - - 200 200 200 200 - - 800 0.0 0.0 8.0 Total - - 41,858 30,848 6,967 3,217 - - 82,890
Wed Oct 04 20:43:11 1995
x LI) COD 29-1 Hariharjore-R&R 0
0 India Orissa WRCP Table 30. Upper Jonk-R&R D.tail*d Costs (Rs000)
Parameters (in *) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Investa t Coast A. Land Acquisition Land Acquisition - 2,215 852 660 - - - - 3,727 0.0 0.0 0.0 Homestead Land - 470 - - - - _ _ 470 0.0 0.0 0.0 Maintenance Allowance - 1,296 - - _ _ _ - 1,296 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal and Aaquisition 3,981 852 660 - - - - 5,493 B. Civil Works - - 2,010 2,260 2,025 - - - 6,295 15.0 10.0 8.0 C. Machinery, Equipment & Materials - - 150 - - - _ _ 150 10.0 30.0 12.0 D. Vehicles - - 250 - - _ _ _ 250 10.0 20.0 10.0 E. Technical Assistance 6 Training - - 859 859 859 _ _ - 2,577 0.0 0.0 0.0 r. NGO Contrcts House Construction - 4,320 ------1 320 0.n 0.0 0.0 Rehabilitation Assistance - 10,898 775 - - _ _ - 11,673 0.0 0.0 0.0 Transport - 21 ------21 0.0 0.0 0.0 NGO Support _- 375 375 375 - _ _ - 1,125 0.0 0.0 0.0 I Total invaa nt Costs - 19,595 5,271 4 ,154 2884 - - _ 31,904 II. Raurrant Costs W A. Inormutal Op.ating Coats - Incremental Staff Costs - 250 250 250 250 - - - 1,000 0.0 0.0 8.0 Incremental Operating Costs - 200 200 200 200 - - - 800 0.0 0.0 8.0 Total - 20,045 5,721 4,604 3,334 - - - 33,704
Wed Oct 04 20:43:19 1995
0 :1
m m
Go 30-1 Upper Jonk-R&R l India Orissa WRCP Table 31. Baghua-R&R Detailed Costs (R.s000)
Parameters (in 8) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
. IDnvstmnt Costs A. Land Acquisition Land Acquisition - 4 425 4,575 4,050 - - - - 13,050 0.0 0.0 0.0 Homestead Land - 172 2,770 1,568 - - - - 4,510 0.0 0.0 0.0 Maintenance Allowance - 259 3,948 2,352 - - - - 6,558 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Land Acquisition - 855 11 293 7,970 - - _ - 24,118 B. Civil Works - 645 9,870 6,130 - _ - 16,645 15.0 10.0 8.0 C. Machinery, Equipment & Materials - - 300 150 - - - - 450 10.0 30.0 12.0 D. Vehicles - - 500 250 _ _ _ _ 750 10.0 20.0 10.0 E. Technical Assistance E Training - - 1,888 2,715 2,715 2,715 - - 10,033 0.0 0.0 0.0 If. Km Contracts House Construction - 860 13,679 7,840 - - - - 22,379 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rehabilitation Assistance - 2,640 30,410 16,220 - - - - 49,270 0.0 0.0 0.0 Transport - 22 329 196 - - _ 547 0.0 0.0 0.0 NGO Support - - 826 1,187 1,187 1,187 - - 4,37 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total lmsatmnt Costs - 9,022 69,095 42,658 3,902 3,902 - 128,579 II. na.rzzent Costs A. Incra_mtal Operztin Costs Incremental Staff Costs - - 500 750 750 750 - - 2,750 0.0 0.0 8.0 Incremental Operating Costs - - 400 600 600 600 - - 2,200 0.0 0.0 8.0 Total - 9,022 69,995 44,008 5,252 5,252 - - 133,529
Wed Oct 04 20:43:27 1995
60
ODF 0 31-1 Baghua-RiR Fh0- India Orissa WRCP Table 32. R & R Directorate Detailed Costs (RsOOO)
Parameters (in 4) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Investomnt Costs A. Civil Works Building Renovation - B00 400 - - _ - 1,200 15.0 10.0 8.0 Rengall Retrofit measures - 1J,500 14,5-00 11,500 - - - 37,500 15.0 10 0 .0 Subtotal Civil Works - B00 11, 90n 14,500 11,10C - - - 38,7D0 B. Machinery, Equipment £ Materials Computers/Printer/Software - 500 50D - 50C _ - _ 1,500 10.0 30.0 12.0 Air Conditioners - 80 90 - B0 - _ _ 240 10.0 30.0 12.0 Electronic Typewriters - 40 40 - - - - - 80 10.0 30.0 12.0 Furniture 200 200 200 200 _ _ _ 900 10.0 '0.0 12.0 Other Equipment - 330 75 - - - _ 405 10.0 30. 0 12.0 Subtotal Machinery, Equipzmnt & Materials - 1,150 895 200 790 _ _ _ 3,025 C. Vehicles Car & Jeeps - 'S0 250 - - - - - 1,00l 10.0 20.0 10-0 D. Technical Assistance & Training 1. Training Internatiorial TLaining (Tech Stuff) - BCo a)0 8900 bB 900 0 00 900 5,600 0.0 100.0 0.0 Ltea± Training (Cf;/NOr'l*rkshops) - 1,000 0I110 ',00Q 1,00' 1,000 1,000 1,300 7,35 5.0 0.03 0. C0 Local (Out of State) - 1or 150 2i0 200 200 150 1t00 1,100 t) 0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Training -1,900 1,950 2,000 2,000 2,000 i,95C 1,Y90 13,7C02 2. Technical Assistance N(iO RAP Implementation - 1,931 24,66' 1',141 5,196 2,912 57 572 49,015 0 .0 0.0 0.0 Socio-Economec SurveylOcip - 1,500 1,555 07 200 2,P2C et) ,D0D0 ,,00C, 13,C05 0.C 0.0 RSAPs for Fustre Soibpre;e:r.t - - - - 0,r055 ,r11 5,570 ,00D i.5 Uniuentifleod TA Needs _ - 50. __ 5 : -_ - - ,250 0 1 l0 Subtotal Technical Assistance _ 4,211 26,91100,090 ,,190 6,912 4,572 4,570 70,265 7 Total Investment Costs - H,911 41,906 32,59i 21,47k 0,910 6,522 t,4 2 126,690 II. Recurrent Costs A. Incremental Staff Salaries/Allowances Directorate Staff - 60c 900 1,0010 1,200 1,400 1,400 1,400 7,900 0.0 0.0 9.0 Field Staff - 1,650 1,250 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,100 6,400 0.0 0.c a 0 Subtotal Incremntal Staff Salaries/Allowances - 2,250 2,050 2,100 2,300 2,500 2,500 2,500 16,200 B. Incremental Operating Cost Vehicle C & M - 1S0 300 300 300 300 300 300 1,950 0.0 0.0 9.0 Other Operating Costs - 1,013 923 945 1,035 1,125 1,125 1,125 7,291 0.0 0.0 8.0 1-0 Total - 12,224 45,179 35,936 25,111 12,B37 10,447 10,397 152,1310
__ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~ __ /(S W Wed Oct 4020:43:36 199 WX
3i 32-1 R & R Directorate 0 I-h India Orissa WRCP Table 33. Indigenous Peoples Development Plan Detailed Costs (RsOOO)
Parameters (in 9) Phy. Gross Base Cost Cont. For. Tax 94/95 95/96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 01/02 Total Rate Exch. Rate
I. Investnt Costs A. Connnnity Assets /a Community Assets - - - 5,470 2,698 2,058 - - 10,225 15.0 10.0 8.0 Unidentified needs - _ - 1,084 2,693 2,074 2,136 - 7,987 15.0 10.0 8.0 Subtotal Coammnity Assets - - - 6,554 5,390 4,132 2,136 - 18,212 B. Cinnity Activities Plantation/Gochar land - - - 1,862 671 269 246 - 3,048 15.0 10.0 8.0 Tribal Skill Development - - - 936 463 463 463 - 2,325 0.0 0.0 0.0 Unidentified Activity needs - - - 323 803 618 637 - 2,381 15.0 10.0 8.0 Unidentified skill development - - - 264 612 472 486 - 1,834 0.0 0.0 0.0 Subtotal Cammxnity Activitis - - - 3,386 2,548 1,822 1,832 - 9,587 C. Training (NGO/Govt) - - 1,420 443 433 353 353 - 3,000 0.0 0.0 0.0 D. NGO Contracts NGO Administration - - 517 934 517 259 259 - 2,495 0.0 0.0 0.0 Evaluation - - - _ _ 1,200 - 1,200 - 2,400 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total Investnt Costs - - 1,937 11,316 10,088 6,564 5,779 - 35,684 II. Recurrent Costs C. A. office Establishment - _ 1,125 450 225 225 225 - 2,250 0.0 0.0 8.0 Total - - 3,062 11,766 10,313 6,789 6,004 - 37,934
\a Infrastructure (school, commnity center, link road, pathway, culvert, tubewell, dugwell, PHC/dispensary, market place, temple)
Sun Oct 08 12:50:05 1995
lb OQ m D
1-1 Indigenous Peoples Development Plan 0 X - 335 - Annex 19 Page 1 of'31
INDIA
ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATIONPROJECT
Economicand FinancialAnalysis
A. INTRODUCTION
1. The OrissaWater ResourcesConsolidation Project (WRCP) is a multi-objectiveproject that willgenerate substantial economic benefits particularly over the longer-term.The economic analysisfocuses on quantifyingthe impactof two componentsof the project:
(i) the SchemeCompletion Component (SCC) in whichthe constructionof 8 ongoingirrigation schemes (subprojects) would be completed;
(ii) the SystemImprovement and FarmerTurnover Component (SIFT) which willrehabilitate and modernise19 existingirrigation schemes.
Additionalto rehabilitatingand modemising19 subprojectsthe SIFT componentincludes an Operationsand Maintenance(O&M) sub-component designed to improveO&M and cost recovery proceduresin the Departmentof WaterResources (DOWR), as wellas a FanmerOrganisation and Turnover(FOT) sub-component. Under SIFT O&M below minors or distributarieswill be progressivelyturned-over to farmersthrough the formationof WaterUser Associations(WUAs).
2. The economicanalysis focuses on quantifyingthe inpact of the SCCand SIFTactivities on irrigationand agriculturalproduction. Other benefits such as reducedflood damage and saved maintenancecosts are quantifiedwhere appropriate. The projectwill lead to significantother benefits, whichdue to a lackof availabledata have not beenquantified. Non-quantified benefits are nevertheless considerableand they are describedbriefly. Theeconomic analysis is presentedin two parts,viz. the economicanalysis of the schemecompletions component (SCC) and a separateanalysis of the SIFT component.In each part,the analysesof subprojectsare brieflydescribed, as well as a component analysiswhich is an aggregateanalysis based on the individualsubproject analyses. In the caseof the SCC component,all 8 subprojectsare analysedin detail. The economicanalysis of the SIFT componentis basedon a detailedanalysis of the 5 majorschemes included in the project,as wellas two representativemedium schemes (one diversion type of schemeand one storagescherne).
3. A finalsection of this annexdeals with the financialimpact of the SCCand SIFT componentson farmerincomes. Again this sectionis dividedinto two parts,the first part dealingwith the SCCcomponent and the secondthe SIFTcomponent. - 336 - Annex 19 Page 2 of 31
B. ECONOMICANALYSIS
Overview
4. The economicanalysis of the SCC and SIFT componentsof the Orissa WRCP focuses on quantifyingthe impact of project activitieson irrigationand agriculturalproduction, although other importantbenefits have been quantifiedwhich include reduced flood damage,improved drainage, saved construction and maintenancecosts, and canal safety benefits.
5. Besides the quantifiedbenefits, the project would generate other benefitswhich are difficult to quantify. Transformingthe Orissa Departmentof Water Resources(DOWR), previouslyrefeffed to as the Orissa IrrigationDepartment, from a constructionoriented organisation to a water resources agency would improve the planningand managementof the state's water resources. Water would be more efficientlyutilised and environmentalsustainability enhanced. The use of surface and groundwater resources,and the allocationof water between competingusers, would be rationalised through improved planningand more efficientwater pricingpolicies. Bulk water suppliesfor industrial and domesticusers would be assured through improvedoperation and maintenanceof the water deliverysystem. Lack of quantitativedata eliminatesthe explicitinclusion of these benefitsin the economicanalysis; the magnitudeof these benefitswould substantiallyincrease over the longer-term.
6. The annual availabilityof surface water resourceshas been assessed at 70,000 millioncubic metres and that of ground water at 19,000 millioncubic metres". AlthoughState policy is to give first priority for domesticuse, and thereafter for irrigation,other uses of water, which includehydropower generation,industrial use, and to meet environmentalobjectives such as salinitycontrol and fish production, coppete with the agriculturesector. Furthermore,the demand for water by all users will continueto incitase.
7. Irrigationaccounts for more than 95% of the surfacewater used in the state. The second most important user of water is the industrialsector which is reported to consumeabout 350 million cubic metres per year. Industrialand domesticusers consumeabout 3% of all surface water. Governmentof Orissa (GOO) have recentlyproposed increasingwater charges for industrialpurposes to Rs. 0.4 per cubic metre, a rate considerablyin excessof the rates appliedto farmers (whichvary by type of crop). New water rates have recentlybeen proposed in Orissa. Accordingto GOO, revenue from the industrialusers will increaseto Rs. 146 millionannually, whereas revenue collectedfrom farmers at present totals only Rs. 50 million. As part of its policy reform program (Annex 1) DOWR has proposed an increasein water rates chargedto farmners,to be phased over the five-yearperiod to the year 2000. The expected increasein water rates has been incorporatedin the analysisby use of water rate that is double the current rate.
Methodology
8. IrrigationBenefits. Project activitieswill significantlyincrease the supplyof surfacewater in Orissa. The economicbenefits of increasingsurface water could theoreticallybe calculatedon the
" Irrigation in Orissa, Water & Land Management Institute, Cuttack, Orissa, 1991. - 337 - Annex 19 Page 3 of 31 basis of water prices of the competingdomestic, agricultural and industrialusers. However, water prices in Orissa do not reflect efficiencyprices for water (refer para. 7). Since most of the increased water made availablethrough the projectwill be used for agriculture,it is consideredto be most realisticto value the increasein water suppliesin terms of the marginalincreases in agricultural production. A furtherjustification of valuingthe benefitsof the projectin termisof increased agriculturaloutput is that generallyagriculture is the least economicallyattractive alternative water use, so that the benefitsof the project are under- estimatedrather than over-estimated.
9. In the case of the SCC it is assumedthat irrigationwater will enablefarmers to irrigate previouslyrainfed crops (in the case of kharif) and to introducenew crops in the rabi. Future with and without project croppingpattems 2' are based in part on existingcropping pattems, availabilityof irrigationwater, farmer preferences,profitability of altemativecrops and the availabilityof markets (see paras. 17-19). It is assumedthat farmerswill modifytheir croppingpattems and agronomicpractices over a period of years. In generalit has been assumedthat croppingpattems and irrigationpractices will be progressivelyadopted over an eight-yearperiod, whichis consideredto be a realistictime frame.
10. In the economicanalysis of the SIFT component,irrigation benefits have been valued based on the assumptionthat areas currentlyreceiving inadequate irrigation water (generallythe middle reaches of irrigationcanals) will be fully irrigatedfollowing scheme rehabilitation and modernisation. Areas presentlyunirrigated (generally the tail-endsof canals)will be eitherfully irrigated or partially irrigated after the project dependingon the availabilityof water. It is further assumedthat the upper reaches of canals which are fullyirrigated at present will continueto be fully irrigatedfollowing project completion. Some changesin future cropping pattems have been incorporatedin the economic analysisof the SIFT component. Changeshave been made particularlyin the rabi season, where it is consideredthat present croppingpractices inefficiently utilise the scarce water available. Such changes to the croppingpattern would also be desirablein order to achievethe project'sobjective of equitable sharingof water throughoutthe CCA. In these situationscropping pattems are based on the amount of water available,farmer preferencesfor growingparticular crops and the availabilityof markets.
11 Irrigationbenefits are quantifiedby calculatingcrop budgetsunder full irrigation,partial irrigationand rainfed conditions,for each irrigationsubproject analysed. Yield estimatesare based on field data obtainedthrough rapid rural surveysat subprojectlocations and cuttingtrial data held by the local AgricultureDepartment staff.In the case of the SCC subprojectswhere, in general, only rainfed famningis currentlypractised, crop yieldsunder irrigatedconditions have been based on those yields achievedin irrigatedareas as close as possibleto the schemesites. It is consideredthat such an analysis would result in realisticestimations of rates of economicreturn and would prevent over-estimationof project benefits. Detailedcrop budgets showingthe yield and input assumptionsused in the analysisof the SCC componentand the SIFT componenthave been prepared.
12. Of the 8 subprojectsincluded in the SCC component,FAOCP missionsvisited 7 and prepared detailedeconomic analyses of 4'. The remaining3 subprojectswere analysedby DOWR
2/ The croppingpatterns used in the economicanalysis have been taken fromthe respectiveDOWR/FAOCP subproject reports. v See FAOCPReports 164/92CP-IND 95 WPs dated I December1992, Report 76/93 CP-IND 98 WPs dated 14 May 1993, Report3/94 CP-IN)D104 WPs dated 10 January1994. These are Rengali,Naraj Barrage,Badanalla, and Harabhangi. - 338 - Annex 19 Page 4 of 31 followingthe FAOCP methodology. Allanalyses were updated in terms of prices by FAOCP based on DOWR detailed project reports prepared in November 1994'.
13. FAOCP prepared detailedeconomic analyses of 2 subprojectsincluded of the SIFr component' and prepared economicanalysis guidelinese. DOWR prepared economicanalyses of 5 other subprojectsfollowing the FAOCP methodologyand guidelines.Prices have been revisedto January 1995 prices for the purpose of the preparationof this Staff AppraisalReport.
14. Irrigationbenefits, as well as the other benefitsthat have been quantifiedfor the economic analysis,are described separatelyunder each subproject.
15. Project Costs, PhysicalContingency, Foreign Exchange and Tax Rates. Financial base costs for each subprojectof the SCC and SIFT componentsare given in Annex 18. Costs are expressedin constant January 1995 pricesnet of identifiabletaxes. Physicalcontingencies are 15% for civilworks, and 1 0%/ for equipmentand vehicles. Foreignexchange and local taxes for each cost are identifiedin the cost tables Annex 18. Foreignexchange component for expenditureitems range from zero to 30 percent. Tax rates are based on local taxes applicablein Orissa and have been appliedat a rate of 8% for civilworks, 12% for equipmentand materials,100/o for vehicles,and zero for other expenditures. Economic costs have been estimatedby multiplyingthe financialbase costs plus physical contingenciesby the India standardconversion factor (SCF) of 0.9.
16. Period of Analysis, Base Prices and Sunk Costs. The econornicimnpacts of the subprojectsare analysedover 30 years. Costs of constructionwere estimatedby DOWR in accordancewith their 1995 scheduleof rates. Pricesused are all expressedin January 1995 constant rupees. For all of the subprojects,any costs that have been incurredprior to 1 January 1995 are treated as sunk costs and have been ignored for the purpose of the economicanalysis.
17. Marketing of IncrementalProduction. Agriculturalproduction at present and estimated followingful developmentfor the SCC and SIFT componentshave been assessed. Consideringthe two componentsjointly, incrementalproduction is calculatedat approximately207,600 tonnes of paddy, 5,200 tonnes of other cereals, 12,000tonnes of pulses, 74,700 tonnes of oilseeds,266,200 tonnes of sugarcane,other crops (chilliand jute) 4,800 tonnes, 86,700 tonnes of potatoes and 158,600 tonnes of vegetables. Total crop productionin Orissain 1988/89,7'and incrementalproject production, are tabulated below. Averageannual incrementalproject productionis a mere one percent for the total market.
v See Report 70/94CP-IND 109 WPs dated 27 May 1994. Theseare Harihaxjore,Upper Jonk, and Baghua. See Reports70/94 CP-IND109 WPs dated 27 May 1994 and 129/94CP-IND WPs dated 7 November1994. See Annex 14 of Aide-Memoireof March 1994and Appendixm of Back-to-OfficeReport dated 4 August 1994from Mr. T. Herman. " This was the most recentofficially published detailed crop data availablein 1994. - 339 - Annex 19 Page 5 of 31
Est. incremental Avg. Annual Crop 1988/9 Production project production Increase over ('000 tons) ('000 tons) project period
Rice 5296.5 208.0 1% Other Cereals 596.6 5.2 0% Pulses 1108.8 12.0 0% Oilseeds - groundnut 496.3 75.0 2% - others 364.2 Fibres 593.4 Potato 98.9 87.0 9% Onion 309.4 Other Vegetables 4906.4 159.0 0% Sugarcane 320.0 266.0 9% Tobacco 6.3 Other Condiments 174.9
Sources: StatisticalAbstract 1991, Directorate of EconomicStatistics - Orissa; Owncalculations.
18. The averageannual increasein project productionover current production ranges from 1% to 90/ofor individualcrops. Incrementalagricultural output for the SCC and SlFr componentsis negligiblefor rice, other cereals,pulses, and vegetablesother than potatoes. Incrementaloutput of these crops will be readilyabsorbed in markets in Orissa and will substitutefor imports from neighbouringstates. The increasein oilseedsproduction is also minimal. It is expected readily absorbableby the market also in that productionhas been expandingrapidly and GOO have been subsidisingthe price of groundnutin a driveto replaceimported vegetable oil. The production of sugarcane in Onssa has also been expanding rapidly in recent years. The expected 9% average annual production is thus not excessive. The additionalsugar productionwill be absorbedby sugar factories in subproject locations, which have expressed their desire to expand output.
19. Incremental potato production for the project is calculated at 87,000 tonnes, representing an average annual increase of 9%. Though this appears high, there is no expectation of difficulty of absorption in fresh markets adjoining project locations, in other markets in Orissa, or in adjoining states. The average annualincrease of potato production has been 91 percent duringthe same period,8 ' and the recent trend in productionof vegetableshas been followingan upward trend in recent years (with averageannual increaseof 17 percent between 1988/89and 1990/91). Potato productionhas been expandingrapidly mainlyin response to GOO program of buildingstorage facilitiesin strategic locationsthroughout the State.
EconomicPrices and Costs
20. Economicimport and export parity prices are calculatedbased on the World Bank QuarterlyReview of CommodityMarkets dated February 1995 (see Table I at Attachment 1). World market prices for intemationallytraded conmmoditiesare based on price projectionsfor the year 2000 in constant year end 1995 dollars. Farmgateequivalent import parity priceshave been calculatedfor rice, groundnuts, wheat, maize,urea, phosphateand potash. India is approachingself-sufficiency in nice, l' Annualproduction was 98,900,250,000 and 360,000in 1988/89,1989/90 and 1990/91,respectively. - 340 - Annex 19 Page 6 of 31 oilseedsand wheat. However, India'shigh rate of populationgrowth (2.2% per year), as well as the relativelyhigh income elasticityof demandfor rice, other cerealsand oilseeds,justifies considering these commoditiesas importsubstitutes. Orissa is a net importerof rice and other cereals so that intemal transport and handlingcosts have been added in calculatingtheir import parity prices. Sugar is consideredto be an export conmmodityand an export parity price has been calculated.
21. All other commoditieshave been consideredas not traded on the internationalmarket. Their financialprices have been adjustedto economicprices usinga SCF of 0.9. In all cases average farmgate prices have been used, based on informnationcollected from rapid rural appraisalsurveys, as well as market data obtainedfrom the OrissaFood Suppliesand ConsumerWelfare Department.
22. The economicprices of fertilisershave been calculatedbased on the import parity prices of urea, super phosphate and muriate of potash (refer Table 1 at AttachmentI). The economicprices of all other farm inputs are 1994 financialprices rulingat each subprojectlocation adjusted by the SCF of 0.9.
23. Labour Market and Wages. Orissa is a rural labour surplusstate characterisedby significantunderemployment particularly in the dry season of each year, or unemployedfor more than 6 months of the year. Every year migrantlabour movesto other states in India, for a period ranging from 3 to 6 months from Novemberto July of the followingyear. Accordingto the State Labour Instituteof Orissa (SLI)9' the system of migrant"dadan" labour is well establishedin Orissa where rural laborers,who are highlysought after in other states throughoutIndia, are hired through agents and work on a variety of agricultureand constructionactivities. Various socio-econornicsurveys at the districtlevel have been carriedout and SLI estimatesthat between 300,000 and 400,000 rural workers migrate out of Orissa temporarilyeach year. These migrantworkers normallyreturn to Orissa before the monsoonseason when they find employmentin the rural sector or tend to their own crops. This representsabout 3% of the total working populationof 11.8 millionin Orissa. Althoughthe minimum wage for agriculturallabourers has been set since 1954,having been at Rs. 25/day since July 1990, in practice actualwages paid vary throughout the State dependingon the supplyand demand for labour. For example,rural wages vary at the variouslocations of the OWRCP sub-projectsfrom Rs. 17/dayto Rs. 23/day for an 8 hour work day.
24. There has been no detailed studycarried out in Orissaof the shadow price of rural labour. For this economicanalysis the shadowprice of farm labour has been estimatedby multiplyingthe financialrate ruling at each subprojectsite by the SCF of 0.9.
Scheme CompletionComponent (SCC)
Summary Resultsof SCC EconomicAnalysis
25. The EconomicRate of Return (ERR) of the SCC componentis based on the following assumptions: (i) all costs and benefitsare in constant November 1995 prices; (ii) project benefits and costs are calculatedfor 30 years; (iii) each year of analysisis assumedto coincidewith the India financialyear; (iv) quantifiablebenefits for 6 of the subprojects(all with the exceptionof Naraj
9' Newsletter. State Labour Institute, Orissa, Vol. 1, No. 2, September 1994. - 341 - Annex 19 Page 7 of 31
Barrage) are from incrementalagricultural production; (v) for the Naraj Barrage quantifiablebenefits includeflood prevention,savings in constructioncosts as well as incrementalproduction from irrigation; (vi) investmentcosts incurred before 1 January 1995have been consideredsunk costs and have been ignored; (vii) O&M costs would be Rs. 524/ha of the CCA (in financialprices); (viii) project implementationwould be over a seven-yearperiod; (ix) the opportunitycost of capital is 12%.
26. The economiccash flow is presented in Table2 at Attachment I. The overallERR for the SCC componentis estimatedto be 22% and the Net Present Value (NPV) at 12% is Rs. 2,114 million in January 1995 prices. The Hariharjoresubproject generates the highest net benefitsfollowing fill development(270/o of total net benefits)followed by the Naraj subproject(24%) and Badanalla(23%).
SCC SensitivityAnalysis
27. A number of scenarioswere tested to establishthe economnicviability of the project. Results are tabulated below.
SCHEMECOMPLETIONS COMPONENT: Resulb of SensitivityAnalysis Switching Value of costincreases Base Costs +100/% Costs +200/o (NPVWO@ 12%) ERRR(%) Base 22% 20% 19% 100% Benefits decrease 10% 20% 19% 17% 80% Benefits decrease 20% 18% 17% 16% 60% Switching Values of benefit decreases (NPV=0 @12%) -500/% -45% -40%/o
Benefits delayed I Year 19% 18% 17% 78% Benefits delayed 2 Years 17% 16% 15% 57% Benefits delayed 3 Years 15% 14% 13% 39% Switching Values of benefits delayed (NPV=0 @12%) 6 years 5 years 4 years if benefits decrease 10% 5 years if benefits decrease 20% 4 years
NPV (@12%/*)Rs million Base 2489.17 2241.22 1993.27 Benefits decrease 10% 1992.30 1744.36 1496.41 Benefits decrease 20% 1495.44 1247.49 999.54 Benefits delayed I Year 1925.06 1677.11 1429.16 Benefits delayed 2 Years 1421.39 1173.44 925.49 Benefits delayed 3 Years 971.69 723.74 475.79
28. Switchingvalues indicatethat total projectbenefits could decrease 500/%for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusive of physicalcontingencies. Should project costs increaseby 200/oproject benefits could decrease40% for the NPV to fall to zero. This overall schemecompletion component of the projectis thereforejudged to be robust in economic terms.
Rengali IrrigationSubproject
29. The benefitand cost streamsof the Rengalisubproject are presented in Table 3 at Attachment 1. - 342 - Annex 19 Page 8 of 31
30. Benefits. Quantifiedbenefits are the incrementalagricultural production calculatedfor the project for a CCA of 8,483 hectares. Water deliveryis phased over three years. It is assumedthat farmerswould filly adopt irrigated farmingpractices over a five-yeartime frame. Crop budgets used in the analysis,the assumed croppingpatterns, crop yieldsand productionwith and without the project are as per DOWR Project Report dated November 1994. Fulldevelopment is reached in year 11 when the economic value of the annual incrementalagricultural output is calculatedat Rs. 187 million.
31. Costs. Investmentcosts in financialand economicprices are set out in Annex 18. Costs have been phased accordingto the DOWR (Project Report dated Novernber 1994). The cost of dam safetyworks (to be carried out as part of the Dam SafetyProject) has been includedin the analysis. Total investmentcost in financialprices applyingan exchangerate of Rs. 32.0/US$ is US$4368/ha.
32. Results. The ERR of the Rengalisubproject is estimatedto be 21% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 305 million.
33. SensitivityAnalysis. A number of scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Resultsare presented below.
Reneali Scheme ConDletion: Results of Sensitivity Analysis SwitchingValue of cost increasws Base Costs +10% Costs +20% (NPV=O@ 12%) ERR (%/.) Base 21% 20% 18% 89% Benefits decrease 10% 20% 18% 17% 70% Benefits decrease20% 18% 16% 15% 51% SwitchingValues (NPV=O@ 12%) -47% -42% -36%
Benefits delayed I Year 19% 17% 16% 67% Benefits delayed 2 Years 16% 15% 14% 47% Benefits delayed3 Years 15% 14% 13% 30% Switching Values (NPV=0 @ 12%)
NPV (@12%/.)Rs million Base 304.77 270.47 236.17 Benefits decrease 10% 239.99 205.69 171.39 Benefits decrease20% 175.21 140.91 106.61 Benefits delayed I Year 229.79 195.49 161.19 Benefits delayed2 Years 162.84 128.54 94.24 Benefits dclayed3 Years 103.06 68.76 34.46
34. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease49% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusiveof physicalcontingencies. Should project costs increaseby 200/oproject benefitscould decrease38% for the NPV to fall to zero. This subproject is robust in economicterms.
Mahanadi-ChitrotpalaIrrigation Subproject
35. The benefitand cost streams of the Mahanadi-Chitrotpalasubproject are presented in Table 3 at Attachment 1. - 343 - Annex 19 Page 9 of 31
36. Benefits. Quantifiedbenefits are the incrementalagricultural production calculatedfor the project for a CCA of 15,432hectares. Water deliveryis phased over three years. It is assumed that farmerswould fullyadopt irrigatedfarming practicesover an eight-yeartime frame. Crop budgets used in the analysis,the assumedcropping patterns, crop yieldsand production with and withoutthe project are as per DOWR Project Report dated November 1994. Full developmentis reached in year 11 when the economicvalue of the annualincremental agricultural output is calculatedat Rs. 227 million.
37. Costs. Investmentcosts in financialand economicprices are set out in Annex 18. Costs have been phased accordingto the DOWR (Project Report dated May 1995). A total of 408.3 hectares would be needed for constructionof canals. The lost productionfrom this land has been includedas a cost. O&M has been valued at Rs. 524/ha (financialprices and adjusted to economic costs by applyingthe SCF of 0.9).
38. Results. The ERR of the Mahanadi-Chitrotpa]asubproject is estimatedto be 21% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 375 million.
39. SensitivityAnalysis. A numberof scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Results are presented below.
Mahanadi-ChitrotpalnScheme Completion: ResuWtsof SensitivityAnnhsis Switching Value of cost increases Base Costs +10% Costs +200/o (NPV=O@ 12%) ERR(%) Base 21% 20% 19% 104% Benefits decrease 10% 20% 18% 17% 83% Benefits decrease 20% 18% 17% 16% 63% Switching Values (NPV=0 @_12%) -51% -46% -41%
Benefits delayed I Year 19% 18% 17% 80% Benefits delayed 2 Years 17% 16% 15% 59% Benefits delayed 3 Years 15% 14% 13% 40% Switching Values (NPV=0 @12%)
NPV (@12%/*)Rs million Base 374.73 338.53 302.32 Bencfits decrease 10% 301.05 264.85 228.65 Benefits decrease 20% 227.38 191.18 154.97 Benefits delayed I Year 289.17 252.96 216.76 Benefits delayed 2 Years 212.77 176.57 140.36 Benefits delayed 3 Years 144.56 108.35 72.15
40. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease51% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusive of physicalcontingencies. Should project costs increaseby 200/oproject benefits could decrease41% for the NPV to fall to zero. This subprojectis robust in economicterms. - 344 - Annex 19 Page 10of 31
Naraj Barrage Subproject
41. The benefit and cost streams of the Naraj Barrage are presented in Table 3 at Attachment 1.
42. Benefits. The existingcondition of tlie Naraj weir can be describedas precarious. Should the weir ffil catastrophicflood damage would occur downstreamin the Puri districtand irrigation would be curtailed for probablyfive years before a replacementweir could be constructed. Three types of benefitswere quantified.
43. (a) Irrigationbenefits. Shouldthe weir fail it is assumedthat an area of 206,000 hectares would not receive any irrigationduring a five-yearperiod. It is further assumedthat the weir would fail in year 10. The net economicloss of imrgationis valued at Rs. 805 millionbased on existingcropping patterns and farmer practices, as well as a likelycropping pattern shouldthe weir fail.
44. (b) Reduced flood damage. At present considerableflooding occurs every year in the Puri district (Stage II area) whichwould be reduced followingconstruction of the barrage. Flood benefits are estimatedat about Rs. 106 millionannually.
45. (c) Cost Savings. By constructinga new barrage now, rebuildingthe weir after the existingweir failedwould not be necessary. The cost of this is treated as a benefit.
46. Costs. Investmentcosts in financialand economicprices are set out in Annex 18. Costs have been phased accordingto the DOWR (ProjectReport dated November 1994). O&M has been valued at 10% of the investmentcosts.
47. Results. The ERR of the Naraj Barrage subprojectis estimatedto be 24% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 750 million.
48. SensitivityAnalysis. A number of scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Results are tabulated below. - 345 - Annex 19 Page IIof 31
Narai Barraee Scheme Completion: Results of SensitivityAnalvsis Switching Value of cost increases Base Costs +20% Costs +30% (NPV=O @ 12%) ERR (%) Base 24% 21% 19% 107% Benefits decrease 10% 22% 19% 18% 86% Benefits decrease 20% 20% 17% 16% 66% Switching Values (NPV=0 @ 12%) -520/ -42%/o -37%
Benefits delayed I Year 21% 18% 17% 84% Benefits delayed 2 Years 18% 16% 15% 64% Benefits delayed 3 Years 16% 14% 13% 46% Switching Values (NPV-J (¢ 12%)
NPV (@120/0) Rs million Base 749.91 609.92 539.92 Benefits decrease 10% 604.92 464.93 394.93 Benefits decrease 20()°o 459.93 319.94 249.94 Benefits delayed I Year 591.30 451.30 381.31 Benefits delayed 2 Years 449.68 309.69 239.69 Benefits delayed 3 Years 323.24 183.24 113.25
49. The economicreturn from this investmentdepends criticallyon the assumptionregarding the expectedremaining life of the existingweir and the period it would take before normal irrigation could recommence.
50. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease 52% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusive of physicalcontingencies. Should project costs increaseby 200/oor 30% projectbenefits could decrease42% and 36% respectivelyfor the NPV to fall to zero. This subprojectis robust in economicterms.
Badanalla Subproject
51. The benefitand cost streamsof the Badanallasubproject are presentedin Table 3 at Attachment I.
52. Benefits. Quantifiedbenefits are the incrementalagricultural production calculatedfor the projectfor a CCA of 8,650 hectares. Although2,000 hectares could now be partiallyirrigated under the works alreadycompleted, for the purpose of the economicanalysis it is assumedthat 1,000 hectarescould be fullyirrigated in the kharif. Water deliveryfor full irrigationis phasedover four years. It is assumedthat farmerswould modifytheir farmingsystem from rainfedto irrigated a eight- year time frame. Crop budgetsused in the analysis,the assumedcropping pattems, crop yields and productionwith and without the project are as per DOWR Project Report dated November 1994. Full developmentis calculatedto be reachedin year 12 when the economicvalue of the annual incremental agriculturaloutput, net of the 1,000 hectaresassumed to be irrigatedin kharifplus the land lost to canals (342 ha) is calculatedat Rs. 139 million.
53. Costs. Investmentcosts in financialand economicprices are set out in Annex 18. Costs have been phased accordingto the DOWR (Project Report dated November 1994). Total investment costs in financialprices applyingan exchangerate of Rs. 32.0/US$ is US$1542/ha. - 346 - Annex 19 Page 12 of 31
54. Results. The ERR of the Badanallasubproject is estimatedto be 23% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 300 million.
55. SensitivityAnalysis. A numberof scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Results are tabulated below.
Badanalla Scheme Completion: Results of SensitivitvAnaivsis Switching Value of cost increases Base Costs +10% Costs +200/o (NPV=0 @ 12%) ERR(%) Base 23% 21% 20% 133% Benefits decrease 10% 21% 20% 19% 109°/ Benefits decrease 20% 20% 18% 17% 86% Switching Values (NPV=O@ 12%) -570/o -53% -48%
Benefits delayed I Year 20% 19% 18% 106% Benefits delayed 2 Years 18% 17% 16% 82% Benefits delayed 3 Years 16% 15% 15% 61% Switching Values (NPV=0 @ 12%)
NPV (@12'/!) Rs million Base 300.46 277.80 255.14 Benefits decrease 10% 247.75 225.09 202.43 Benefits decrease 20% 195.04 172.38 149.72 Bencfits delayed I Year 239.83 217.17 194.51 Benefits delayed 2 Years 185.69 163.03 140.37 Benefits delayed 3 Years 137.36 114.70 92.04
56. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease 57% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusiveof physicalcontingencies. Should project costs increaseby 20% project benefitscould decrease48% for the NPV to fall to zero. This subprojectis robust in economnicterms.
HarabhangiSubproject
57. The benefitand cost streams of the Harabhangisubproject are presented in Table 3 at Attachment 1.
58. Benefits. Quantifiedbenefits are the incrementalagricultural production calculatedfor the project for a CCA of 9,150 hectares. Water deliveryfor full irrigation,which dependson the completionof the tunnel, is phased over two years. The analysisincorporates the additional agriculturalfrom 1400 hectares of the Soradacommand (currently inadequately irrigated) which would be suppliedwith additionalirrigation water from the project. It is assumedthat farmerswould fully adopt irrigated farmingpractices an eight-yeartime frame. Crop budgets used in the analysis,the assumed croppingpatterns, crop yieldsand productionwith and without the project are as per DOWR Project Report dated November 1994. Full developmentis calculatedto be reachedin year 12 when the economicvalue of the incrementalannual agriculturaloutput is calculatedat Rs. 139 million. - 347 - Annex 19 Page 13 of 31
59. Costs. Investmentcosts in financialand economicprices are set out in Annex 18. Costs have been phased accordingto the DOWR (Project Report dated November 1994). Dam safetycosts have been includedin the analysis. Also includedas a cost is the value of agriculturalproduction forgone from land used for the constructionof the reservoirand canals (760 ha). O&M has been valued at Rs. 524/ha (financialprices and adjustedto economiccosts by applyingthe SCF of 0.9). Total investmentcosts to be incurredfrom 1 January 1995in financialterrns applying an exchangerate of Rs. 32.01US$is US$1562/ha.
60. Results. The ERR of the Harabhangisubproject is estimatedto be 21% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 275 million.
61. SensitivityAnalysis. A number of scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Results are tabulatedbelow.
HarabhaneiScheme ComDletion: Results of SensitivityAnalysis Switching Value of cost increases Base Costs +10%/o Costs +200/o (NPV=0 @ 12%) ERR (%) Base 20 o I 9/D 18% 97% Benefitsdecrease 100/o 19% 18% 17% 77% Benefitsdecrease 20% 17% 16% 15% 58% SwitchingValues (NPV=0 @12%) -490/o -44% -390/o
Benefitsdelayed I Year 18% 17% 16% 74% Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 16% 15% 14% 54% Benefitsdelayed 3 Years 15% 14% 13% 36% SwitchingValues (NPV=O@ 12%)
NPV ((@12%)Rs million Base 274.65 246.36 218.08 Benefitsdecrease 10% 218.90 190.62 162.34 Benefitsdecrease 20% 163.15 134.87 106.59 Benefitsdelayed 1 Year 210.44 182.15 153.87 Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 153.11 124.83 96.54 Benefitsdelayed 3 Years 101.92 73.64 45.36
62. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease49% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusive of physicalcontingencies. Should project costs increaseby 200/oproject benefits could decrease39% for the NPV to fall to zero. This subprojectis robust in economicterms.
HariharjoreSubproject
63. The benefitand cost streams of the Hariharjoresubproject are presentedin Table 3 at Attachment 1. - 348 - Annex 19 Page 14 of 31
64. Benefits. Quantifiedbenefits are the incrementalagricultural production calculatedfor the project for a CCA of 9,450 hectares. Water deliveryfor full irrigationis phased over six years. It is assumedthat farmers would switchfully from rainfedto irrigatedpractices over an eight-yeartime frame. Crop budgets used in the analysis,the assumedcropping pattems, crop yields and production with and without the project are as per DOWR Project Report dated November 1994. Full developmentis calculatedto be reachedin year 13 when the economicvalue of the incrementalannual agriculturaloutput is calculatedat Rs. 82 million.
65. Costs. Investmentcosts in financialand economicprices are set out in Annex 18. Costs have been phased accordingto the DOWR (Project Report dated November 1994). Included as a cost is the value of agriculturalproduction forgonefrom landused for the constructionof the reservoirand canals (1,000 ha phased over five years). O&M has been valued at Rs. 524/ha (financialprices and adjusted to economiccosts by applyingthe SCF of 0.9). Total investmentcost to be incurred from I January 1995 in financialterms applyingan exchangerate of Rs. 32.0/US$is US$789/ha.
66. Results. The ERR of the Harabhangisubproject is estimatedto be 27% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 214 million.
67. SensitivityAnalysis. A numberof scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Results are tabulated below.
HariharioreScheme ComDletion:Results of SensitivityAnalysis SwitchingValue of cost increases Base Costs+10% Costs+20% (NPV=0 @ 12%) ERR (%) Base 27% 25% 23% 157% Benefitsdecrease 10% 25% 23% 22% 131% Benefitsdecrease 20% 23% 21% 200/o 105% SwitchingValues (NPV=0 @ 12%) -61% -57% -53%
Benefitsdelayed I Year 23% 21% 20% 127% Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 200/o 19% 18% 101% Benefitsdelayed 3 Years 18% 17% 16% 78% SwitchingValues (NPV=0@ 12%)
NPV (@12%) Rs million Base 213.94 200.28 186.61 Benefitsdecrease 100/a 178.88 165.21 151.54 Benefitsdecrease 200/o 143.82 130.15 116.48 Benefitsdelayed I Year 173.82 160.15 146.48 Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 137.99 124.32 110.66 Benefitsdelayed 3 Years 106.01 92.34 78.67
68. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease61% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusive of physicalcontingencies. Should project costs increaseby 20% projectbenefits could decrease41% for the NPV to fall to zero. This subproject is robust in economicterms. - 349 - Annex 19 Page 15 of 31
Upper Jonk Subproject
69. The benefitand cost streamsof the Upper Jonk subprojectare presentedin Table 3 at Attachment 1.
70. Benefits. Quantifiedbenefits are the incrementalagricultural production calculated for the projectfor a CCA of 9,425 hectares. Water deliveryfor full irrigationis phased over two years. It is assumedthat farmers would fully adopt irrigatedfarming practices over an eight-yeartime frame. Crop budgets used in the analysis,the assumed croppingpattems, crop yieldsand productionwith and without the project are as per DOWR Project Report dated November 1994. Full developmentis calculatedto be reached in year 11 when the economicvalue of the incrementalannual agricultural output is calculatedat Rs. 108 million.
71. Costs. Investmentcosts in financialand economicprices are set out in Annex 18. Costs have been phased accordingto the DOWR (Project Report dated November 1994). Included as a cost is the value of agriculturalproduction forgone from land used for the constructionof canals (302 ha. phased over two years). O&M has been valued at Rs. 524/ha.(financial prices and adjusted to economiccosts by applyingthe SCF of 0.9). Total investmentcost to be incurred from I January 1995 in financialterms applyingan exchangerate of Rs. 32.0/US$ is US$1654/ha.
72. Results. The ERR of the Upper Jonk subprojectis estimatedto be 19% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 188 nillion.
73. SensitivityAnalysis. A numberof scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Results are tabulatedbelow.
UpDerJonk SchemeCompletion: Results of SensitivityAnalysis SwitchingValue of cost increases Base Costs +10% Costs+200/o (NPV=0 @12%) ERR (%) Base 190/ 18% 16% 690% Benefitsdecrease 10% 18% 16% 15% 52% Benefitsdecrease 20% 16% 15% 13% 35% Switching Values (NPV=O@ 12%) -41% -35% -290/o
Benefitsdelayed I Year 17% 16% 15% 500/o Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 15% 14% 13% 33% Benefitsdelayed 3 Years 14% 13% 12% 17% SwitchingValues (NPV=O@ 12%)
NPV (@12%) Rs million Base 188.00 160.87 133.73 Benefitsdecrease 100/o 142.07 114.93 87.79 Benefitsdecrease 200/o 96.13 68.99 41.85 Benefitsdelayed I Year 135.46 108.32 81.19 Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 88.55 61.41 34.27 Benefitsdelayed 3 Years 46.66 19.52 -7.62 - 350 - Annex 19 Page 16 of 31
74. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease41% for the NPV to fallto zero should the project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusiveof physicalcontingencies. Should project costs increaseby 200/oproject benefits could decrease29% for the NPV to fall to zero. This subproject is satisfactoryin econornicterms.
BaghuaSubproject
75. The benefitand cost streamsof the Baghua subprojectare presented in Table 3 at Attuchment 1.
76. Benefits. Quantifiedbenefits are the incrementalagricultural production calculated for the project for a CCA of 6,240 hectares Stage I and Stage I areas of 3,000 ha and 3,240 ha respectively). Water deliveryfor full irrigationis phased over three years. It is assumedthat farmers would switchto fullyirrigated practicesover an eight-yeartime frame. Crop budgets used in the analysis,the assumed cropping pattems, crop yieldsand productionwith and without the project are as per DOWR Project Report dated November 1994. Full developmentis calculatedto be reached in year 12 whenthe economicvalue of the incrementalannual agricultural output is calculatedat Rs. 58 million.
77. Costs. Investmentcosts in financialand economicprices are set out in Annex 18. Costs have been phased accordingto the DOWR (Project Report dated November 1994). Included as a cost is the value of agriculturalproduction forgonefrom land stillrequired for the reservoirand construction of canals(664 ha phased over three years). Total investmentcost to be incurred from 1 January 1995 in financialterms applyingan exchangerate of Rs. 32.0/US$is US$1745/ha.
78. Results. The ERR of the Harabhangisubproject is estimatedto be 170/oand the NPV at 12% Rs. 83 million.
79. SensitivityAnalysis. A numberof scenarioswere tested to establishthe econonic viability of the subproject. Results are tabulatedbelow. - 351 - Anex 19 Page 17 of 31
Bauhua Scheme Comnletion: Results of Sensitivity Analysis Switching Value of cost increases Base Costs +I0/o Costs +20% (NPV=0 @ 12%) ERR (/) Base 17% 16% 15% 53% Benefits decrease 10% 16% 15% 14% 37% Benefits decrease 20% 14% 13% 12% 22% Switching Values (NPV=0@ 12%) -35% -280/o -21%
Benefits delayed I Year 15% 14% 13% 35% Benefits delayed 2 Years 14% 13% 12% 20 /o Benefits delayed 3 Years 13% 12% 11% 6% Switching Values (NPV=0 @ 12%)
NPV (g12%) Rs million Base 82.71 67.01 51.31 Benefits decrease 10% 58.74 43.04 27.34 Benefits decrease 20% 34.77 19.07 3.36 Benefits delayed I Year 55.27 39.57 23.87 Benefits delayed 2 Years 30.76 15.06 -0.64 Benefits delayed 3 Years 8.89 -6.82 -22.52
80. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease35% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusive of physicalcontingencies. Should project costs increaseby 20% project benefitswould need to decrease21% for the NPVto fall to zero. This subprojectis satisfactoryfrom an economicterms.
System Improvementand FarmerTurnover Component (SIFT)
SummaryResults of SIFT EconomicAnalysis
81. The Economic Rate of Return (ERR) of the SIFT componentis based on the following assumptions: (i) all costs and benefitsare in constant January 1995 prices; (ii) project benefits and costs are calculatedfor thirty years; (iii) quantifiablebenefits include increased agricultural production from improvedirrigation water supply,preventing further declinein schemeperformance which is assumedto continuein the without project situation,savings in maintenancecosts, reduced flooding and canal safety; (iv) all major subprojectsare includedin the analysisand two mediumsubprojects which are consideredrepresentative of diversionand storage type schemes'"; (v) O&M costs without project are taken at 1994/95levels and with project at Rs. 524/ha of the CCA (in financialprices); (vi) project implementationwould be over a seven-yearperiod; and (vii) opportunitycost of capital is 12%.
82. Physicalcontingencies of 15% have been added to base investmentcosts for the economic analysis. Economiccosts have been estimatedby multiplyingfinancial costs by the SCF of 0.9. Costs have been phased accordingto the DOWR. Project investmnentcosts includea provisionof Rs.
0' In the economic analysis of the SIFT component the two medium schemes are weighted in relation to their CCAs and the total CCAs of the medium diversion and storage schemes included in the SIFT component. - 352 - Annex 19 Page 18 of 31
1000/ha (in financialprices) for rnicrosystemstructures which would be constructedby DOWR. It is assumedthat an additionalinvestment cost of Rs. 1800/hawould be incurredby farmers in land levellingand constructingfield channelsto ensure water willbe equitablydistributed anong all water users withinthe CCA.
83. The economiccash flow is presented in Table4 at Attachment I The overallERR for the SIFT component is estimnatedto be 23% and the Net Present Value (NPV) at 12% is Rs. 1182 million in January 1995 prices.
SIFT SensitivityAnalysis
84. A number of scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the SIFT componentof the project. Results are tabulated below.
SYSTEMS IMPROVEMENT& FARMERTURNOVER COMPONENT: Resultsof SensitivityAnalvis SwitchingValue of cost increases Base Costs +10% Costs +20% (NPV=0 @ 12%) ERR(%) Base 23% 21% 19% 87% Benefits decrease 10% 21% 19% 17% 68% Benefits decrease 20% 19% 17% 15% 50% Switching Values of benefit decreases (NPV=O @ 12 -46% -41% -36%
Benefits delayed I Year 19% 18% 17% 65% Benefits delayed 2 Years 17% 16% 14% 46% Benefits delayed 3 Years 15% 14% 13% 29% Switching Values of benefits delayed (NPV=0 @ 12% 5 years 4 years 4 years if benefits decrease 10% 4 years if benefits decrease 20% 3 years
NPV (@12%) Rs million Base 1182 1046 910 Benefits decrease 10% 928 792 656 Benefits decrease 20% 674 538 402 Benefits delayed I Year 889 753 617 Benefits delayed 2 Years 628 492 356 Benefits delayed 3 Years 395 259 123
85. Switchingvalues indicatethat total project benefitscould decrease 46% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom those includedin the analysis. Shouldproject costs increaseby 20% project benefits could decrease36% for the NPV to fall to zero. This overall SIFT componentof the project is thereforejudged to be robust in economicterrns.
KendraparaCanal Subproject
86. The benefitand cost streams of the KendraparaCanal subprojectare presented in Table 4 at Attachment 1. - 3.D - Annex 19 Page 19of31
87. Benefits. At present less than 30°/oof the CCA of 18,500hectares is fully irrigated. The remainingarea is partiallyirrigated where the deliveryof water cannot be guaranteed. Three types of benefitshave been quantified: (i) incrementalagricultural production; (ii) reduced agricultural productionwithout the project; and (iii) saved O&M costs. In economicterms the most important benefitis the increasedagricultural production that would be realisedfrom the areas partiallyirrigated at present. It is assumedthat these areas will be fullyirrigated followingrehabilitation and modernisation. The second benefitquantified is due to the fact that the schemehas been slowly deterioratingover time due to insufficientO&M fundingand inadequatewater managementpractices. It has been conservativelyassumed that in the absenceof the project (i.e. in the future without project situation)agricultural production will fall 0.5% per year. Thisgradual drop in production has been treated as a benefitto the projectassuming that this declinewould be arrested as a result of the project. Agriculturalproduction benefits are phasedin over four years from year 4 to year 7, assumingan increaseof 25% per year. Productionbenefits are based on the croppingpatterns and crop yields suppliedby DOWR. Detailedcrop budgetsused in the analysiswere prepared. O&M costs incurred on the scheme in 1994 of Rs. 382/ha (adjustedto economicvalues by the SCF of 0.9) are considered to be a saved cost since the O&M costs followingproject completionhas been entered as a cost.
88. Costs. Economic investmentcosts (referpara. 82) are phasedover seven years and include Group A and Group B works"'. In financialprices, the non-discountedinvestment cost is US$348/ha usingan exchangerate of Rs. 32.0/US$.
Results. The ERR of the Kendraparasubproject is estimatedto be 24% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 143 million.
89. SensitivityAnalysis. A numberof scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Resultsare tabulatedbelow.
Group A works include all works necessary for irrigation purposes. Group B works include expenditure on roads and bridges which would facilitate operation and maintenance of the scheme but would also generate social benefits to farmers. - 356 - Annex 19 Page 20 of 31
Kendranara: Resultsof Sensitivity Analysis Switching Value of cost increases Base Costs +10% Costs +20%/o (NPV=0 @ 12%) ERR (%) Base 24% 22% 20% 82% Benefits decrease 10% 22% 20% 18% 64% Benefits decrease 20% 19% 17% 15% 45% Switching Values (NPV=o @ 12%) -45% -39% -34%
Benefitsdelayed I Year 20% 18% 17% 61% Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 17% 16% 14% 42% Benefitsdelayed 3 Years 15% 14% 13% 25% Switching Values (NPV=0 @ 12%)
NPV (@12%) Rs million Base 143 126 108 Benefitsdecrease 10% 112 94 77 Benefitsdecrease 20% 80 62 45 Benefitsdelayed I Year 107 89 72 Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 74 56 39 Benefitsdelayed 3 Years 45 27 10
90. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease45% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusiveof physicalcontingencies (15% of base costs). Shouldproject costs increaseby 20% project benefitscould decrease34% for the NPV to fall to zero. This subprojectis robust from an economicpoint of view.
SakhigopalSubproject
91. The benefitand cost streams of the Sakhigopalsubproject are presented in Table 4 at Attachment 1.
92. Benefits. The present irrigationsystem is not capableof deliveringwater on a timelyand controlledbasis throughoutthe command. Less than half of the CCA (CCA = 28,200 hectares) receiveswater regularlyduring the kharif and no rabi irrigationis practised. The remainingarea may only receive water if crop failureis imminentand has been treated in the economicanalysis as being rainfed. Fivetypes of benefitshave been quantified: (i) increasedagricultural production; (ii) reduced expenditureon repairingcanal breaches; (iii) reduced crop flood damagefrom canalbreaches; (iv) haltingthe continualdegradation of the scheme due to whichit is assumedagricultural production would continueto fall 0.5% per year; and (v) savingsof the O&M costs whichwould be incurred in the without project situation. In economicterms the most importantbenefit is the incremental agriculturalproduction whichis phased in over three years from year 4 to year 6, assumingan increase of 33% per year. Productionbenefits are based on the croppingpattems and crop yields suppliedby DOWR. Detailedcrop budgets used in the analysiswere prepared. O&M costs incurred on the scheme in 1994 of Rs. 281/ha (adjustedto economicvalues by the SCF of 0.9) are consideredto be a saved cost sincethe O&M costs followingproject completionhas been enteredas a cost. - 355 - Annex 19 Page 21 of 31
93. Costs. Economic investmentcosts (refer para. 82) are phasedover seven years and include Group A and Group B works. In financialprices, the non-discountedinvestment cost is US$467/ha using an exchangerate of Rs. 32.0/US$.
94. Results. The ERR of the Sakhigopalsubproject is estimatedto be 18% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 301 million.
95. SensitivityAnalysis. A number of scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Results are tabulatedbelow.
Sakhifoyal: Resultsof SensitivityAnalysis Switching Value of cost increases Base Costs +20% Costs +30% (NPV=0 @ 12%) ERR(%) Base 18% 18% 17% 102% Benefitsdecrease 10% 18% 17% 16% 82% Benefitsdecrease 20% 17% 16% 15% 62% Switching Values (NPV=O@ 12%) -51% -46% -41%
Benefitsdelayed 1 Year 17% 16% 16% 79% Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 16% 15% 14% 58% Benefitsdelayed 3 Years 15% 14% 13% 39% Switching Values (NPV=O@ 12%)
NPV (*12%) Rs million Base 301 272 242 Benefitsdecrease 10% 242 212 183 Benefitsdecrease 20% 182 152 123 Benefitsdelayed I Year 232 202 173 Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 170 140 111 Benefits delayed 3 Years 115 85 56
96. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease 51% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusiveof physicalcontingencies (15% of base costs). Shouldproject costs increaseby 20/oproject benefits could decrease41% for the NPV to fall to zero. This subprojectis robust from an economicpoint of view.
RushikulyaSubproject
97. The benefitand cost streamsof the Rushikulyasubproject are presented in Table 4 at Attachment 1.
98. Benefits. The present irrigationsystem is not capableof deliveringwater on a timelyand controlledbasis throughout the command. Sixtyfour percentof the CCA (CCA = 21,480 ha) receives adequate irrigationin kharifwhile 24%is partiallyirrigated and the remainingarea does not receive any irrigationwater. No rabi irrigationis practised. With the project it is assumedthat more than 800/o of the CCA would be filly irrigated in kharif and the remainingarea would be partiallyirrigated. In the analysisit is also assumedthat a smallarea (less than 100/oof the CCA) would be partiallyirrigated in rabi. Three types of benefitshave been quantified: (i) increasedagricultural production; (ii) haltingthe - 356 - Annex 19 Page 22 of 31 continualdegradation of the schemedue to which it is assumedagricultural production would continue to fall 0.5% per year; and (iii) savingsof the O&M costs whichwould be incurred in the without project situation. In economicterms the most importantbenefit is the incrementalagricultural production which is phased in over four years from year 4 to year 7, assumingan increaseof 25% per year. Production benefitsare based on the cropping patterns and crop yieldssupplied by DOWR. Detailed crop budgets used in the analysiswere prepared. O&M costs incurred on the scheme in 1994 of Rs. 382/ha (adjustedto economicvalues by the SCF of 0.9) are consideredto be a saved cost since the O&M costs followingproject completion has been enteredas a cost.
99. Costs. Economicinvestment costs (refer para. 82) are phasedover seven years and include Group A and Group B works. In financialprices, the non-discountedinvestment cost is US$550/ha using an exchangerate of Rs. 32.0/US$.
100. Results. The ERR of the Rushikulyasubproject is estimatedto be 15% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 59 million.
101. SensitivityAnalysis. A number of scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Results are tabulated below.
Rushikulva: Resultsof SensitivityAnalysis Switching Value of cost increases Base Costs +10% Costs +20% (NPV=0 @ 12%) ERR(%) Base 15% 14% 12% 22% Benefits decrease 10% 13% 12% 11% 10% Benefits decrease 20% 12% 10% 9% -3% Switching Values (NPV=o @ 12%) -18% -10% -1%
Benefitsdelayed I Year 13% 12% 11% 8% Benefits delayed 2 Years 11% 10% 9% -5% Benefits delayed 3 Years 10% 9% 8% -16% Switching Values (NPV=0 @ 12%)
NPV (@12%) Rs million Base 58.7 31.6 4.6 Benefits decrease 10% 25.8 -1.2 -28.3 Benefits decrease 20% -7.1 -34.1 -61.1 Benefits delayed I Year 20.8 -6.3 -33.3 Benefitsdelayed 2 Years -13.0 -40.1 -67.1 Benefitsdelayed 3 Years -43.2 -70.2 -97.2
102. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease 18% for the NPV to fall to zero slhouldthe project costs not shift from estimatedlevels inclusive of physicalcontingencies (1 5% of base costs). Shouldproject costs increaseby 20% project benefitscould decreaseonly 1% for the NPV to fall to zero. The subprojectis economicat the expected levelof benefitsand costs. However, this subproject would become uneconomicshould project costs rise more than 20% without an accompanyingincrease in the levelof estimatedbenefits. - 357 - Annex 19 Page 23 of 31
Baitarani Subproject
103. The benefitand cost streamsof the Baitarani subprojectare presented in Table 4 at Attachment 1.
104. Benefits. The presentirrigation system does not deliverwater on a timelyand controlled basis throughout the command. Only 300/oof the CCA (CCA = 19,700 ha) receivesadequate irrigationin kharif while the remainderof the commandis partiallyirrigated. No rabi irrigationis practised. With the project it is assumedthat 75% of the CCA would be fully irrigatedin kharifand the remainderwould be partiallyirrigated. In the analysisit is also assumedthat rabi irrigationof low water demandingcrops could be achievedover 32% of the command. Three types of benefitshave been quantified: (i) increasedagricultural production; (ii) haltingthe continualdegradation of the schemedue to whichit is assumedagricultural production would continueto fall 0.5% per year; and (iii) savingsof the O&M costs whichwould be incurred in the without project situation. In economic terms the most important benefitis the incrementalagricultural production which is phased in over four years from year 4 to year 7, assumingan increaseof 25% per year. Productionbenefits are based on the croppingpatterns and crop yieldssupphed by DOWR. Detailedcrop budgets used in the analysis were prepared. O&M costs incurredon the schemein 1994 of Rs. 382/ha (adjustedto economic values by the SCF of 0.9) are consideredto be a saved cost sincethe O&M costs followingproject completionhas been entered as a cost.
105. Costs. Economicinvestment costs (refer para. 82) are phased over sevenyears and include Group A and Group B works. In financialprices, the non-discountedinvestment cost is US$583/ha using an exchangerate of Rs. 32.3/US$.
106. Results. The ERR of the Baitaranisubproject is estimatedto be 22% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 197 million.
107. SensitivityAnalysis. A numberof scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Resultsare tabulatedbelow. -- 358 - Annex 19 Page 24 of 31
Baitarani: Resultsof SensitivityAnalvsis SwitchingValue of cost increases Base Costs +10%0/ Costs+20% (NPV=0@ 12%) ERR (%) Base 22% 200/o 18% 71% Benelits deziease 10% 190/0 18% 16% 54% bEe.ewits decrease 20% 17% 15% 14% 37% SwitchingValues (NPV=0@ 12%) -41% -36% -300/o
Benefitsdelayed I Year 18% 17% 15% 51% Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 16% 14% 13% 34% Benefitsdelayed 3 Years 14% 13% 12% 18% SwitchingValues (NPV=0 @ 12%)
NPV (@12%) Rs million Base 196.9 169.1 141.4 Benefitsdecrease 100/o 149.4 121.7 93.9 Benefitsdecrease 200/o -7.1 74.2 46.5 Benefitsdelayed I Year 142.6 114.8 87.1 Benefitsdelayed 2 Years 94.1 66.3 38.6 Benefitsdelayed 3 Years 50.9 23.1 -4.7
108. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease41% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusiveof physicalcontingencies (15% of base costs). Shouldproject costs increaseby 20% project benefitscould decrease300/o for the NPV to fall to zero. This subprojectis robust from an economicpoint of view.
Hirakud(Bhimtikira Canal System) Subproject
109. The benefitand cost streams of the Hirakud subprojectare presented in Table4 at Attachment 1.
110. Benefits. The present irrigationsystem does not deliversufficient water on a timelynor controlledbasis throughoutthe command. Approximately70%/o of the CCA (CCA = 10,760 ha) receivesadequate irrigation in kharif whilethe remainderof the commandis partiallyirrigated. With the project it is assumedthat almost 900/oof the CCA would be fiullyirrigated in kharif Rabi irrigation is practisedon 28% of the area at presentand in the analysisit is assumedthat rabi irrigationwill extend to 60% of the command. Three types of benefitshave been quantified: (i) increased agriculturalproduction; (ii) haltingthe continualdegradation of the schemedue to whichit is assumed agriculturalproduction would continueto fall 0.5% per year; and (iii) savingsof the O&M costs which would be incurred in the without project situation. In economicterms the most importantbenefit is the incrementalagricultural production which is phased in over four years from year 4 to year 7, assuming an increaseof 25% per year. Productionbenefits are based on the croppingpatterns and crop yields suppliedby DOWR. Detailedcrop budgets used in the analysiswere prepared. O&M costs incurred on the scheme in 1994 of Rs. 342/ha (adjustedto economicvalues by the SCF of 0.9) are considered to be a saved cost since the O&M costs followingproject completionhas been entered as a cost. - 359 - Annex 19 Page 25 of 31
111. Costs. Economicinvestment costs (refer para. 82) are phasedover sevenyears and include Group A and Group B works. In financialprices, the non-discountedinvestment cost is US$471/ha using an exchangerate of Rs. 32.0/US$.
112. Results. The ERR of the Hirakudsubproject is estimatedto be 21% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 80 million.
113. SensitivityAnalysis. A numberof scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Results are tabulated below.
Hirakud: Results of Sensitivity Analysis Switching Value of cost increases Base Costs +10% Costs +20% (NPV=0 @ 12%) ERR (%) Base 24% 22% 200/o 81% Benefits decrease 10% 21% 1/9% 17% 63% Benefits decrease 20% 19% 17% 15% 45% Switching Values (NPV=0 @ 12%) -45% -39% -34%
Benefits delayed I Year 200/o 18% 16% 60% Benefits delayed 2 Years 17% 15% 14% 42% Benefits delayed 3 Years 15% 14% 12% 25% Switching Values (NPV=0 @ 12%)
NPV (*12%) Rs million Base 97.0 85.1 73.1 Benefits decrease 10% 75.3 63.3 51.3 Benefits decrease 20% 53.6 41.6 29.6 Benefits delayed I Year 72.1 60.1 48.1 Benefits delayed 2 Years 49.8 37.8 25.8 Benefits delayed 3 Years 29.9 17.9 5.9
114. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease45% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe project costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusive of physicalcontingencies (15% of base costs). Shouldproject costs increaseby 20% project benefitscould decrease34% for the NPV to fall to zero. This subprojectis robust from an economicpoint of view.
HiradharabatiSubproject
115. The benefitand cost streamsof the Hiradharabatisubproject are presented in Table 4 at Attachment 1.
116. Benefits. The present irrigationsystem cannot deliversufficient water on a timely nor controlledbasis throughout the whole of the command(5717 hectares)and no rabi irrigationis practised. With the project it is assumedthat over 900/oof the CCA would be fullyirrigated in kharif and rabi irrigationof pulses would be possibleover almost20% of the command. Three types of benefitshave been quantified: (i) increasedagricultural production; (ii) haltingthe continual degradationof the schemedue to which it is assumedagricultural production would continueto fall 0. 5% per year; and (iii) savingsof the O&M costs whichwould be incurredin the without project - 3f0 - Annex 19 Page 26 of 31 situation. Incrementalagricultural production which is phasedin over four years from year 4 to year 7, assumingan increaseof 25% per year. Productionbenefits are based on the cropping patterns and crop yields suppliedby DOWR. Detailedcrop budgetsused in the analysiswere prepared. O&M costs incurred on the scheme in 1994 of Rs. 395/ha (adjustedto economicvalues by the SCF of 0.9) are consideredto be a saved cost since the O&M costs followingproject completionhas been entered as a cost.
117. Costs. Economicinvestment costs (refer para. 82) are phasedover seven years and include Group A and Group B works. In financialprices, the non-discountedinvestment cost is US$201/ha using an exchangerate of Rs. 32.0/US$.
118. Results. The ERR of the Hiradharabatisubproject is estimatedto be 19% and the NPV at 12% Rs. 17.7 million.
119. SensitivityAnalysis. A numberof scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Results are tabulated below.
Hiradharabati: Results of Sensitivity Analysis Switching Value of cost increases Base Costs +100/a Costs +200/o (NPV=O @ 12%) ERR (%) Base 190/% 17% 16% 45% Benefits decrease 10%/o 17% 15% 14% 31% Benefits decrease 200/o 15% 13% 11% 16% Switching Values (NPV=0@ 12%) -31% -24% -I 8%
Benefits delayed I Year 16% 14% 13% 290%o Benefits delayed 2 Years 14% 12% 11% 13% Benefits delayed 3 Years 12% 11% 10% 0%/ Switching Values (NPV=0 @ 12%)
NPV (*12%) Rs million Base 17.7 13.8 9.9 Benefits decrease 10%o 12.0 8.1 4 3 Benefits decrease 20%/o 6.4 2.5 -I 4 Benefits delayed I Year 11.1 7.2 Benefits delayed 2 Years 5.2 14 -. Benefits delayed 3 Years 0.0 -3997
120. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease 3I % for the NPV to fall to zero should the project costs not shift from estimatedlevels inclusive of plhysicalcontingencies (15% of base costs). Shouldproject costs increaseby 20% projectbenefits could decrease 18% for the NPV to fall to zero. This subprojectis robust from an economicpoint of view.
Ghodahada Subproject
121. The benefit and cost streams of the Ghodahadasubproject are presented in Table 4 at Attachment 1. - 361 - Annex 19 Page 27 of 31
122. Benefits. The present irrigationsystem is not capableof deliveringwater on a timelyand controlledbasis throughout the command. Less than half of the CCA (CCA = 7,203 hectares)receives water regularlyduring the kharif and no rabi irrigationis practised. The remainingarea is inadequately irrigated.Five types of benefitshave been quantified: (i) increasedagricultural production; (ii) reduced expenditureon repairingcanals; (iii) improvedcanal safety; (iv) haltingthe continualdegradation of the scheme due to which it is assumedagricultural production would continueto fall 0.5% per year; and (v) savingsof the O&M costs whichwould be incurredin the without project situation. In economicterms the most importantbenefit is the canal safetybenefit. The present state of repair of the main aqueduct and a number of siphonsis extremelypoor the possibilityof failureis high. Shouldthe aqueduct fail irrigationwould be disruptedon almost5,600 hectares. The probabilityof failureis estimated at 5%. Incrementalagricultural production is phased in over four yearsfrom year 2 to year 5, assumingan increaseof 25% per year. Productionbenefits are based on the croppingpatterns and crop yields suppliedby DOWR. Detailedcrop budgets used in the analysiswere prepared. O&M costs incurred on the scheme in 1994 of Rs. 382/ha (adjusted to economicvalues by the SCF of 0.9) are consideredto be a saved cost sincethe O&M costs followingproject completionhas been entered as a cost.
123. Costs. Economic investmentcosts (refer para. 82) are phased over sixyears and include Group A and Group B works. In financialprices, the non-discountedinvestment cost is US$212/ha usingan exchangerate of Rs. 32.0/US$.
124. Results. The ERR of the Ghodahadasubproject is estimatedto be 290/oand the NPV at 12% Rs. 32.7 million.
125. SensitivityAnalysis. A number of scenarioswere tested to establishthe economicviability of the subproject. Results are tabulatedbelow.
Ghodahado: Results of Sensitivity Analysis Switching Value of cost increases Base Costs +10% Costs +20%/6 (NPV=O @12%) ERR (%) Base 29% 25% 21% 66% Benefits decrease 10%/o 24% 21% 18% 49% Benefits decrease 200/o 20% 17% 15% 33% Switching Values (NPV=0 @12%) -400% -34% -28%
Benefits delayed 1 Year 21% 190/0 16% 47% Benefits delayed 2 Years 17% 15% 13% 30%b Benefits delayed 3 Years 14% 13% 11% 15% Switching Values (NPV=o @ 12%)
NPV (@12%) Rs million Base 32.7 27.7 22.8 Benefits decrease 10% 24.5 19.5 14.6 Benefits decrease 20% 16.2 11.3 6.3 Benefits delayed I Year 23.4 18.4 13.5 Benefits delayed 2 Years 15.1 10.1 5.2 Benefits delayed 3 Years 7.7 2.7 -2.2 - 362 - Annex 19 Page 28 of 31
126. Switchingvalues indicatethe subprojectbenefits could decrease40% for the NPV to fall to zero shouldthe pnrject costs not shiftfrom estimatedlevels inclusive of physicalcontingencies (15% of base costs). Shouldproject costs increaseby 20% projectbenefits could decrease28% for the NPV to fall to zero. This subprojectis robust from an economicpoint of view.
C. PROJECTIMPACT ON FARMER INCOMES
Overview
127. In this sectionthe financialimpact of the project for farmers is analysed. Crop incomes, inclusiveof the value of crop residues,at present and followingfull developmentare quantifiedfor typicalfarms (i.e., model farms). One model farm for each subprojectis analysed. The ratio of incrementalreturns to additionalresources (i.e. costs) are calculatedfor each model farm in order to gauge the financialattractiveness of the project for typicalfarmers. Increasesin retums to family labour are also calculatedfor the SchemeCompletion Component (SCC) subprojectswhere a detailed analysisof labour (familyas well as hired)has been carried out.
Methodology
128. The analysisis based on the crop budgetsprepared for each of the subprojectsanalysed. One farm model was prepared for each subproject. Farm models range in size from 1.13 ha to 2.07 ha for the SCC subprojects. Since data on the numberof farmswithin each commandare not readily availablefor the SIFT component,farm modelsfor these subprojectsare assumedto be of 1 hectare. The areas of crops specifiedfor each farm model for the without project situationare based on the existingcropping patterns, which are assumedto be maintainedin the future without project situation. Crop areas specifiedfor the future with project situationare based on the assumedcropping patterns followingfiull development.
129. Farm crop incomeshave been calculatedfor the farm models specifiedfor each subproject for both the without project and with project situations. Total crop productionis valued at prevailing farmgate prices (see para. 127) regardlessof whether the product is consumedon the farm or sold. Similarlyall crop residuesare valued at farmgateprices, although commonlythey are consumedon the farms on whichthey are produced normallybeing fed to livestock. A market for crop residues existsat all subprojectsites. The analysisdoes not includefarm incomederived from other farm activitiessuch as from livestockor the sale of familylabour, nor does it includeother incomederived from any off- farm activities. Neverthelessthe analysisdoes provide a measureof the increasesin net farm income on typical farm holdingsattributable to the project.
130. A key concern for farmersis the extra return they can expect to get from committingmore resources followingirrigation (SCC subprojects)or from improvedirrigation (SIFT subprojects). The ratios calculatedof incrementalfarm crop incometo additionalcosts providesa measure of the financialattractiveness of the projectto farmers.
131. Of major concemto smallfarmers is the return they obtain from the work they do on their farms. Followingirrigation, the opportunityarises for farm familiesto increasetheir labour input, - 363 - Annex 19 Page 29 of 31
particularlyduring the rabi season, by being able to crop more intensivelyby switchingto higher valued more labour demandingcrops, and by croppingland that usuallyremains fallow under rainfed conditions. Hence a detailedanalysis was canied out of the labour requirementsfor each crop for all of the SCC subprojects,since the introductionof irrigationinto largelyrainfed areas has a major impact on labour '2'
FinancialPrices
132. Prevailingfarmgate input and output prices were used in the preparationof the financial evaluationof crop budgets and the farm models. The prices were derivedfrom interviewswith farmers,and from wholesaleand retail marketprice data adjustedfor transport costs and traders' margins. Care was taken to establish"normal" prices for products whichexhibit widely fluctuating year-to-yearor seasonalprices, such as fresh vegetables,so as to reflect "average"prices during the peak production periods. Prices have in generalbeen adjustedto constant 1994 price levels. Financial prices were derivedfor each subprojectanalysed.
SchemeCompletion Component - SCC
Farm Crop Incomes
133. Farm crop net incomesare tabulated below for the model farms of 6 of the SCC subprojectsfor the future without projectand future with project(following full developmnent) situations. Net crop incomeis total farm crop incomenet of all costs excludingfamily labour.
SUBPROJECT FARM SIZE NET CROP INCOME INCREASE (Hectares) (Rs per farm, 1994 prices) (%) WITHOUT PROJECT W[TH PROJECT
Rengali 1.90 10,305 56,S82 452 Badanalla 2.07 5,594 41,436 641 Harabbangi 1.70 5,950 37,002 522 Hariharjore 1.74 2,827 19,932 605 Upper Jonk 1.26 3,955 14,829 275 Baghua 1.15 5,168 14,221 175
134. Farm crop incomes are estimatedto rise substantiallyfollowing foil development. Increasesrange from more than double (in excessof 170%) to over 6000/o. On average farm crop incomes are estimatedto increaseabout 4 50%/o.
Ratio of IncrementalReturns to AdditionalCosts
135. The ratios of incrementalreturns to additionalcosts calculatedfor the SCC subprojectsare shownbelow.
"' Detailsof the labour analysisare givenin Excel files of eachrespective subproject. - 364 - Annex 19 Page 30 of 31
SUBPROJECT RATIO (IncrementalReturns/Additional Costs)
Rengali 4.78 Badanalla 6.00 Harabhangi 3.08 Hariharjore 3.86 Upper Jonk 3.33 Baghua 5.29
136. The ratio of incrementalreturns to additionalcosts calculatedrange from 3.08 to 6.00 and average 4.39. This indicatesthat the projectwould in generalbe highlyfinanciafly attractive to farmers. It can therefore be expected that farmerswould adapt their farmingpractices from rainfedto irrigated systems,and adopt the levelof technologyassumed in the crop budgets and farm model analysis.
137. As a further measure of the financialimpact of the projectto farmers,the returns to family labour calculatedfor the without project and with project situationsby subprojectare sumnmrisednext.
SUBPROJECT RETURNSTO FAMILYLABOUR (Rs/man-day) WITHOUTPROJECT WITHPROJECT
Rengali 71 155 Badanalla 26 102 Harabhangi 48 110 Hariharjore 19 86 Upper Jonk 58 110 Baghua 49 115
138. Retums to familylabour are estimatedto range from Rs. 19 to Rs. 71 per man-dayin the without project situation(average Rs. 45/man-day)and from Rs. 86 to Rs. 155 in the with project situation(average Rs. I1 3/man-day). Calculationsindicate that the returnsto familylabour would on average more than double followingfull development,confirming the financialattractiveness of the project to farmers. These estimatedreturns to familylabour can be comparedto the minimumdaily wage for unskilledrural labour in Orissa of Rs. 25/man-day.
System Improvementand FarmerTurnover Component - SIFT
Farm Crop Incomes
139. Farm crop net incomesare tabulated belowfor the model farmsof the 7 SIFT subprojects analysed. Farm crop incomeshave been estimatedfor the future without projectand future with project situations. Net farm crop incomeis total farm crop incomenet of all costs excludingfamily labour. - 365 - Annex 19 Page 31 of 31
SUBPROJECT FARM SIZE NET CROP INCOME INCREASE (Hectares) (Rs per famn, 1994 prices) (%) WITHOUT PROJECT WITH PROJECT
K-&ar 1.00 8,505 11,118 31 Sskhigopal 1.00 7,462 14,692 97 Rushikulya 1.00 6,734 8,344 24 Baitarani 1.00 6,093 11,427 88 Hirakud 1.00 6,6X5 9,656 44 Hiradharbati 1.00 5,629 6,774 20 Ghodahada 1.00 7,908 8,319 5
140. Farm crop incomes are estimatedto rise significantlyas a result of the project. Increases range fromjust over 5% to almostdouble. On average net farm crop incomesare estimatedto increase44%.
Ratio of IncrementalReturns to AdditionalCosts
141. The ratios of incrementalretums to additionalcosts calculatedfor the 7 SIFT subprojects analysedare shown below.
SUBPROJECT RATIO (Incremental Returns/Additional Costs)
Kendrapara 1.55 Sakhigopal 1.57 Rushikulya 2.37 Baitarani 4.21 Hirakud 1.72 Hiradharbati 2.94 Ghodahada 4.03
142. The ratio of incrementalretums to additionalcosts calculatedrange from 1.55 to 4.21 and average 2.63. This indicatesthat the projectwould in generalbe financiallyworthwhile to farmers. It can therefore be anticipatedthat farmerswould adapt their famiingpractices as anticipatedin the analysiswhen more irrigationwater is made available. - 366 - Annex 19 Attachment 1 Page 1 of 4
INDIA Oriua Water Resources Consolidation Project Annex 3: Economic andFinancial Analysis
TABLE 1: DERIVATION OF PARITY PRICES
PARITY (I) [ [ [ 1][E] 1[1[1 UNITS RICE G'NUTS WHEAT MAIZE SUGAR UREA SSP(4) MOP CANE PROJECTED WORLD PRICE (2000)
In 1990 constant dollars (2) USS/MT 271.00 588.00 162.00 99.00 242.00 142.00 43.75 104.00
Adj factor to 1995 dollars (3) 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09
Inconstant 1994 dollars USS/MT 295.36 640.86 176.56 107.90 263.76 154.77 47.68 113.35
QUALITY ADJUSTMENT % 80.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
WORLDMARKETEQUIVALENT USS/MT 236.29 640.86 176.56 107.90 263.76 154.77 47.68 113.35
International shipping USS/MT 50.00 100.00 50.00 50.00 -50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00
CIF INDIAN PORT USS/MT 286.29 740.86 226.56 157.90 213.76 204.77 97.68 163.35
EXCHANGE RATE (5) Rs/USS 32.30 32.30 32.30 32.30 32.30 32.30 32.30 32.30
CIFINDIANPORT Ri/MT 9247.18 23929.82 7318.01 5100.17 6904.31 6613.94 3155.16 5276.19
Port charges R&/MT 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 -250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00
Intal transport Rs/MT 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 -250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00
Internal handling Rs/MT 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 -100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
PROCESSED VALUE Rs/MT 9847.18 24529.82 7918.01 5700.17 6304.31 7213.94 3755.16 5876.19
Processing ratio % 62.00 35.00 95.00 95.00 10.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
Procesing costs Rs/MT -100.00 -200.00 0.00 0.00 -150.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
WHOLESALE VALUE R/tMT 6005.25 8385.44 7522.11 5415.16 480.43 7213.94 3755.16 5876.19
Local marketing/trmnsport Ri/ iT -100.00 -100.00 -100.00 -100.00 -100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
FARMGATEPRICE Ri/MT 5905.25 8285.44 7422.11 5315.16 380.43 7313.94 3855.16 5976.19
ECONOMIC FARMGATE PRICE Ri/KG 5.91 8.29 7.42 5.32 0.38 7.31 3.86 5.98
FINANCIAL FARMGATE PRICE Ri/KG 3.00 10.00 4.00 4.00 0.50 2.82 2.80 5.40 (Badanlla Subproject)
(1) Parity: [I] Import. [E] Export. (2) World Bank price forecasts January 1995 (for year 2000), as per Cormnodity Markets and Developing Countries, World Bank Quarterly Report, Febmary 1995. (3) Inflated by MUV Index. (4) Asurnes SSP price is 35% of TSP world market price. (5) World Bank Office Memorandwn India: Exchange Rates and Price Contingencies for Project Analysis dated 11 Januay 1995.
File: PARITY.XLS:Year 2000! TABLE 2 ORISSAWATER RESOURCESCONSOLIDATION PROJECT ECONOMICCASH FLOWANALYSIS
Rs'000 SUBPROJECT YEAR I YEAR 2 YEAR3 YEAR 4 YEAR5 YEAR6 YEAR 7 YEARS YEAR 9 YEAR 10 YEAR II YEAR 12 YEAR 13 YEAR 14 YEAR 15-> YEAR 30 I TOTAL SCHEME COMPLETIONSCOMPONENT INVESTMENT COSTS 216716 535352 622802 631793 578761 558324 416304 RECURRENTCOSTS (OhM of irrgation systems) 943 1886 10941 18554 23990 30102 31475 42898 42898 TOTAL COSTS 42898 42898 4289 42898 42898 4289 42898 217659 537238 633744 650347 602751 588427 447778 42898 4289 4289 42898 4289 4289 AGRICULTURALBENEFITS -2657 4289 42898 42M 1875 10393 74134 166576 291094 428452 565811 807641 1736270 NET BENEFITS 1875696 1965992 1977911 1870570 1065524 1065524 -220316 -535362 423351 -576213 -436175 -297333 -19326 522914 764743 1693373 1832798 1923094 1935013 1827672 ERR (%) 22% 1022627 1022627 NPV @12% In R. millim 24".2
11 TOTAL SIFTCOMPONENT PROJECTINVESTMENT COSTS(4) 33120 204475 280226 303648 263066 189705 118663 ON-FARM DEVELOPMENTCOSTS 28465 39748 41488 46777 10439 RECURRENTCOSTS (OhM of wnptbon syeam) 3380 6760 40525 56276 68779 73384 73384 73384 TOTAL COSTS 73384 73384 73384 73384 73384 73384 73384 33120 207855 286986 372638 359090 299972 238824 83824 73384 73384 73384 73384 73384 BENEFITS -124339 -104026 73384 73384 73384 -88450 202263 325774 447862 516779 525833 534847 543822 NET BENEFITS 552757 561653 570510 579328 588107 689777 -157459 -311881 -375436 -170376 -33316 147890 277955 442010 461463 470437 479372 488268 497125 505943 LERR (%) 23% 514723 616392 NPV 1312% In RIs 1111.. 11-4
INOVERALL PROJECTRATE OF RETURN(Components I & DJ) TOTALCOSTS 250.779 745,093 920,730 1,022,985 961,841 888,399 686,602 126,721 116,212 116,282 116,282 116.282 116,282 116,282 116,282 116,282 TOTAL BENEFITS (126,996) (102,151) (78,057) 276,397 492,350 738,956 945,232 1,091,644 1,342,458 2,280,092 2,428,453 2,527,645 2,548,420 2,449,897 1,653,632 1,735,301 NET BENEFITS (377,775) (847,243) (998,787) (746,588) (469,491) (149,443) 258,629 964,923 1,226206 2.161,10 2,312,171 2,411,363 2,432,138 2,333,615 1,537,350 1,639,019 RtR(%) 22% NPV 1312% in RsUSie 3671.6 ON
IV OTHER COSTS WaPerlzmmi'E owontnl AcboePlan 34,917 76,423 132,134 33,971 22,489 12,860 29,624 Wal Resors Resemhk Ag. Intehc1t0n1 22,552 24,713 28,165 37,988 - 49,341 56.897 InbtubonudSt lnsieg 89,528 205,079 246,753 161,870 136,160 120,828 125,529 Resettlerent nd uklhablhcb 60,390 269,507 218,520 120,246 54,314 25,749 20,156 Ingenous Peopl DesqmanenlPlan - 3,419 15,845 14,750 10,350 9,464 - TOTAL OTHER COSTS 207,388 579,141 641,417 368,825 223,313 218,241 232,206
TOTALPROJECTCOST 250.779 952,480 1,499,871 1,664.402 1,330,666 1,111,712 904,843 358928 116,282 116,282 116,282 116,282 116,282 116,282 116,282 116,282 TOTAL PROJECTSBENEFITS (126,996) (102,151) (78,057) 276,397 492,350 738,956 945,232 1,091,644 1,342,488 2,280,092 2,428,453 2,527,645 2,548,420 2,449,897 1,653,632 1.755,301 TOTAL NET PROJECTBENEFITS (377,775) (1,054,631) (1,577,928) (1,388,005) (838,316) (372,757) 40,388 732,717 1,226,206 2,163,810 2,312,171 2,411,363 2,432,138 2,333,615 1,537,350 1,639,019 RR(%) 17% NFYV 12%lR g Ikab z2171.4 e ;P. 0 fl;
FiL WRCPEAN_XCLSjS,,BC,-2000' r0 INDIA Ofuis. WaterRemoores Conslsddton Projed Annex 3: Econoses nd FPias1ul Analysi
TABLE 3- SCHEMECOMPLETION CONIPONENTECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Rs'000
SUOBPROJECT YEAR I YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5 YEAR 6 YEAR 7 YEAR 8 YEAR 9 YEAR 10 YEAR 1 YEAR 12 YEAR 13 YEAR 14 YEAR 15-
Rongali Sobproject I-vesmtt Costs 28980 39839 '4196 121194 195112 131224 Recorren- Cons 511 2628 4001 4001 4001 4001 4001 4001 4001 4001 4001 A,-ollto-l Bene-fit 4991 29584 67019 104454 141889 174333 187175 187175 187175 187175 187175 Ne Benefits -289810 39839 74196 .116'36 -168156 -68205 100454 137888 170332 183174 183174 183174 183174 183174 EMR (so) 21.40 Msthsssdi Chostopals S,,bpoect Invos-rm-lCo.s 243110 69719 78908 91431 101935 106378 49049 Re-orrot Cosu 722 2166 4332 7235 7235 7235 7235 7235 7235 7235 7235 7235 7235 Ap,ncl-1 B-fenefi -229 -1949 -3438 4199 20810 49190 77570 105949 134329 162709 191089 210973 222360 222360 222360 Net Benefis -24539 -71667 -83068 -R9399 .8545' -64423 21285 98714 12'094 1554'4 183854 203'37 215125 215125 215125 ERR (Ps; 21933 Nora Barra-e Sobproec- Investment Costs 1359' 10174' 109609 163218 261494 256835 236031 Re-r-ent Costs 11423 11423 11423 11423 11423 11423 11423 11423 Benefits 106340 911386 966708 1022030 1022030 914689 109643 Nelenefils 13397 11)-174- -109609 .163218 -261484 -256835 -236031 -11423 94917 899963 955285 1010607 1010607 903266 98220 ERR ('6) 23.69 B.adtall Sobprojecl tnves8ssontCosto 59066 74477 '8485 26645 25144 Re--otent Costs 943 1886 2833 4079 4079 4079 40o9 40'9 4079 4079 4079 4079 4079 4079 4079 Agricolltl Be-eliU 4466 -3971 9511 29180 48849 68518 88187 107856 122972 133535 1395415 39545 139545 139545 NetBe.efits -60009 -71897 .85289 -21213 -43 44770 64439 8410- 103776 118892 129455 135465 135465 135465 135465 ERR(%) 22.68 HsrabhumgiSobFpoelt I-Ae-mnet Coss 19383 11079S 118013 119949 RecuWrentCost 1792 3136 4315 4315 4315 4315 4315 431S 4315 4315 4315 4315 4315 O Agcltor-l Benefis -10(2 -1254 -1424 12744 3198E) 51215 70450 89686 108232 126778 145325 150392 150392 150392 59n3' NetBenefilt -20385 -102049 121229 -110341 27665 46900 6'!65 ,,.5 iu;17 122463 141010 146077 146077 146077 146077 ERR(') 285.3 HarUtatjoreSobprojeot Inverlmen Corst 29476 35170 40078 35756 12588 Recrnel Costs 1114 2228 3342 4497 4457 44s57 445' 4457 4457 4457 4457 4457 4457 Agpioltosl Benefits .1061 1964 7522 15614 26068 37225 48383 59540 69517 77132 82386 85279 85810 85810 85810 Net Benefis -30537 -33206 -33670 -22370 10138 32769 43926 55084 65060 72676 77930 80822 81354 81354 81354 ERR ('V) 28 76 Upper Jonk Sobptoject Iooesstoot Coo9s 52221 74718 81005 76374 56417 Re-,orens Coos 2594 4445 4445 4445 4445 4445 4445 4445 4445 4445 4445 4445 4445 Agi-olt-=l Besefits -321 7391 21437 35484 49531 63577 77624 91670 105717 111567 111567 111567 111567 111567 NonBenefits -52221 -75039 -76208 .59381 -25378 45086 59132 73179 87226 101272 107122 107122 107122 107122 107122 ERR (%) 19.08 Baghus S.bprojecl lovesumemlCosts 18863 49746 76865 44224 oct-ensea Re-rrent Corst 1886 2499 2943 2943 2943 2943 2943 2943 2943 2943 2943 2943 2943 AoJ,Lwl-oilBeoefiut -364 -1031 4312 10628 18064 25500 32936 40371 47807 55243 57912 59032 59032 59032 59032 NetBenefits -19227 -50777 -74439 .36096 15121 22557 29993 37429 44864 52300 54970 56090 56090 56090 56090 EKR ( 14)47.44 TOTAL COMPONENT INVESTMENT COSTS 216716 535352 622802 631793 578761 558324 416304 RECURRENTCOSTS 943 1886 10941 18554 23990 30102 31475 42898 42898 42898 42898 42898 42898 42898 42898 0Q rt 2 AGRICULTURAL BENEFITS .2657 1875 10393 74134 166576 291094 428452 565811 807641 1736270 1875696 1965992 1977911 1870570 1065524 CD D2 CD NET BENEFITS -220316 -535362 -623351 .576213 -436175 .297333 -19326 522914 764743 1693373 1832798 1923094 1935013 1827672 1022627 0 X ERR(-) 218114% L
NPV@ 12o/. R.nRs 2489.167 0 pD %0
rt NOTE: Col d b-fienet51 -esmrtakbo f6omthe re-pedtsve r bprojeot EXCEL files eg Ren-pg fBos RENGALt XLS
Fie. SCECONAN 2aL0BsseCsse-2000 NswA. O-u W. lkn C9-11d4U- Pr91
- h, W f_ T_ D5 C F (S" E. A-",
TABLE 4 syS7TE)7 imPRov&%er AND FARfR TURNOVER (slFT) CMONET f-CONOhDC ANALys2s
P. 1000
SU73PROJECTr YEAP,I YfAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAF. YEAR 6 YEAR ' YEARs YEA.L YEAR IC YEAR I YEARII YEAR I Yf-ARL14 YEAR 15 YEAR 16 YE-AR 26 YfEAR27 YEAt22 YEAR 29 YEAR 30
K.,-4 C. Subp.jw (l )
14.j k-s-Lcw 4140 21274 37457 38141 34838 23805 13662
O.-ftmssMf-d vC-z 899l 999l lim R=-[CM.- 8725 8725 8725 8725 0725 9775 8725 8725 9725 8725 0723 8725 8725l 8725 9725 8725 972 5 8721 BIdU 1s6,0s 32634 43652 58664 59973 61276 62572 63862 65145 66422 67693 60957 70215 l 82453 f36-41 4821 86006 17179 Nd Beari 1140 .22974 37457 -27463 i 9920 4131 24 289 51249 525fl 5 3948 5 5 37 564.21 57698 58968 60232 61490: 73729 74919 76103 77292 79454
&Awjw~~~~~~~~R(X 7)J
ProJea kY2s Cn .d 88 46265 5n960 71 519 68621 6-4688 56304
On fxm D-dp C91 (5)139 139 129 12 129 129 129
R.f, -3l24339 .123239 -122137 630 1773 1 70D 171105 172206 7399330 17 99 7535209 176610 177711 178812 179913 191014: 185410 1851 1549 154 151
No B.,f -132619 -169503 -190097 12804 393 75 92018 101502 158907 160008 161109 162210 163311 16441 ' 163513 166614 l677l5l 172119 172119 172119 172119 172119
R.do-ly Ssblsi (l)
Prq=lCoA g3C. 4140 39744 61065 74365 6761 7 44940 29601 O>rf- D-Jp.9C.U 6960 8699 86"9 10439
Bddu. 20s30 3403 3 4 7 72 2 604o03 61 74 3 6307o5 6"401 65ol21l 610733 683J9 69639 7093t2 722191 84737 95D955o 8o767 99372 f995732 N. B-it JU40 -39744 61065 63s63 49OJ6 1 6347 10233 31613 522945 542-l 5 5591 56903 58210 59509 60802 62089: 74609 75825 -703 7 75242 79442 EJIE 114) 130
BgU- &4bswoa (l )
Pr9Jm lkg. C. 10350 5Y7sJ3 74944 77304 5s47s 26703 5589 O~1` ,,D. p-t C9j 7973 7979 7979 7979 R C-ICM 9291 9291 9291 9291 9291 9291 9291 9291 9291 91291 9291 9291 9291: 9791 9291 9291 9291 9291 B-f.U 29305 49601 70891 92175 93309 944 37 95560 96677 97789 941195 99995 Iota"0 102LOO; I I2779 113210 114236 115957 116373 Nd B..f .l0350 ss9788 74944 -66268 -26146 26919 69317 94019 85147 86770 $7387 99498 Y9604 90705 91800 92ng9 103489 104520 105546 106567 107582 Ell (YQ 21.55 Hob N " Cnnl sy*) &O,P (1 ) Pn71 d h-M C M L 4140 19210 z4685 25037 28338 25223 112
O.-f- D-d -tCo 4158 4 358 4358 4358
B-fftoS 12687 22059 31426 40790 45614 50429 4309 4 38o53 446009 453o62 46lo11l 46156 4 7597, "4°o9 50740 56'208 56903 757914
Nd B- -|. 4140 19210 .24685 -17976 .13175 -1960 20231 36487 37255 !3019 38779 39333 4022g 41036 41711 42523: 49733 50436 5 L 1 4 51829 52520 17, Ela (N) 2L 77 c
P=71 S_dCou 518 6624 11903 5693 2070 2070 2381 O>f- r3OPc91 1:52 23 15 231 5 2779
B.Cff 3924 581l3 72701l 2951156 99493 lo629 10695l ,1 6CD3 1133952 ll170D5 126046 ?,699! ! 2-1 1 ! _-^s '0916 l26795 709366 176356 Ng B.nr .318 -6624 11903 429i 7 9 1'93 1731 724-, 7602 7955 8306 9656 9004 9350 9695 10037l 13372 13696 14019 14340 14660 ER 126
G*|-ddo SuspfojW (3)
P.jw "-.tC." 1 553 10971 12213 11395 3 105 2277 orf- D,q-. C~ (5 )
Rd-I C, u us 169n 2549 3397 3397 3397 3397 3397 3397 3397 3397 3391 )397 3397 33971 3397 3397 3397 3397 3397 Bdll. 4827 U464 9623 10779 11193 11606 12016 12424 12830 13234 13636 14036 14434 14830 13224: 15412 157u4 16155 16525 16"29 Nd Bd..f -551 46993 .5447 A310 4277 5519 9209 l3619 9027 9433 9ns7 10219 10639 110P7 11433 1l827l 12015 123n4 12739 13128 13495
TOTALCOWPONENT
PROJECTr NJEsr?OTrCOSTS(4) 33120 204475 2OD226 303648 263066 189705 186 ON-FARM DEVELOPMENT COSs 28465 39748 41498 46777 10439 REICURRENT COSTs 1330 6760 4052' '62'6 68779 73384 73384 733U4 7!334 733U4 73304 7338U 733U4 733U4 73364 733U4 73384 733U4 73384 73311U BENFTS4 .124339 -104026 -48450 202263 325774 4.47862 516779 525833 534U47 5438r22 552757 561653 570510 579328 5U8107 596848 661072 668302 675496 6W254 649777 NET BENE3rr -157459 .311841 .375436 .1703 76 -33316 147890 277955 442010 461463 470437 479372 41/8268 497L25 505943 514723 523464 517687 594915 602112 6M970 616392
UIR(%) ns!t% (6)
NjpV 12% R mdll11- 1182 39 (6J n7 3
I 5Y phy,Wl "i dd.4 El " (2) Thsub.d (CCA = 5.717 h-)3 .- rd-d t. bek rnSo f hntrdi3tn u bprojab ws9l. t CCA of282 271h. Acc... doynsm It -mdIUN b.nt l.-O ftlhz ubpIW.v,rc)t . S-o dof tn-. b-eu DO5WR N...nbs 1994 4.> (5 m Fqrpam6t n4s (6) Sh-ld th. aWl S]pT,.p t .O be nHuded (|=hdg d. J-v11. m th.rg hdo &] -, ft cErR - 16 56% W NPV (l l 2%) - Rd660 484 11s NIB C.z4. bt.fdOsl*4ninztrl.nrve-bFpjeLoTU5123fila rgGh6nwo&&GHODAHAWK3 H, SlFTE&7XLS - 370 - Annex 20 Page 1 of 1 INDIA ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT Schedule of Disbursements (in US$ million) IDA Fiscal Cumulative % of Total Semester Disbursement Disbursement Credit FY 96 I II 14.0 14.0 5 FY 97 I 15.3 29.3 10 II 16.9 46.2 16 FY 98 I 20.2 66.4 23 II 23.4 89.8 31 FY 99 I 24.9 114.7 39 II 26.8 141.5 49 FY 2000 I 26.8 168.3 58 II 28.1 196.4 68 FY 2001 I 27.6 224.0 77 II 24.3 248.3 85 FY 2002 I 23.1 271.4 93 II 19.5 290.9 100 - 371 - Annex 21 Page 1 of 4 INDIA ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT Expenditure Prioritization I. Implementation of the Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project (OWRCP) is linked with the fundamental policy framework for public expenditure in the state's water resources sector. The Orissa State Water Policy (1994) and the guidelines of the Planning Commission, as well as concepts contained in the water sector literature,' form the basis for Orissa's new investment policy. The new expenditure program must recognize the heritage of the past where expenditures were spread too thinly over a wide array of construction sites to the detriment of speedy completions. This heritage of ongoing sites will partly influence expenditure patterns in the future, but within these constraints Government of Orissa (GOO) has decided upon a major change in focus. DOWR expenditures will now emphasize intensified use and sustainability of existing irrigation systems as well as upgrading the capabilities of the Department. Maintenance works will henceforth be fully funded to required levels, a situation already achieved for the 1994/95 season. Expenditures on construction will be more sharply focused to emphasize, particularly in the medium term, the completion of ongoing projects. To meet the new challenges, Government of Orissa proposes to allocate its public expenditure budget in the following order of priority: (i) Institutional strengthening activities supporting the reorganization of the department including improving technical capabilities through training and technical assistance; (ii) Adequate funding for operation and maintenance of existing facilities; (iii) Improving existing systems including the farmer turn-over program-; (iv) Completion of ongoing viable projects; and (v) Continuing in a lirnited way project construction where infrastructure facilities and basic construction facilities have been taken up. 2. Priorities (i) to (iii) would have first call on state expenditures, and their fundarnental nature would demand full funding under any reasonable scenario of the state's financial situation. They are considered top needs, and funding to full required levels would be assured. Priority (ii) has already been achieved by GOO, and priorities (i) and (iii) are to be given full funding with Bank financial assistance under the OWRCP. 3. Investments under (iv) and (v) comprise the area where difficult prioritization decisions are required. The large water development potential of Orissa state and sizable backlog of 1 India Irrigation Sector Review (World Bank/GOI, 1991); Water ResourcesManagement (World Bank, 1993); Eighth Plan (GOI, 1985). - 372 - Annex 21 Page 2 of 4 ongoing projects must face up to budgetary limitations for the overall program and the need to assure that all investments are well prepared and implemented according to acceptable engineering, economic, environmental and social criteria, and in the context of the state's overall basin and state water planning. 4. Criteria to be used in preparing and evaluating individual investments are described at Annex 15 of the OWRCP Appraisal Report. Use of these criteria will themselves provide a valuable tool to screen investment candidates so as to identify potentially viable investments and to reject candidates that do not fulfill the criteria due, for instance, to water availability constraints, low economic viability, environmental concerns, etc. (refer Annex 15). 5. The state's water planning activities (Annex 5) will also become a key guide for investment decisions as multi-sectoral basin plans are refined and the state water plan is progressively built up. In fact, basin planning, project planning, and expenditure prioritization will become interactive processes, each feeding into the other. 6. Beyond the preparation and selection criteria for individual investments and state water planning, choice must still be exercised in planning and funding the state water sector program due to overall limitations, present in any state or country, in availability of public expenditures. The objective would be to fully fund a limited number of investments so that available expenditure can be transformed to viable completed investments as expeditiously as possible. 7. The dynamics of the choices available to Orissa will be continuously evolving over time. First, knowledge of options will significantlyimprove during the course of the OWRCP period as basin and state water planning and project specific knowledge develops. Secondly, political and social development views will also change over time. Historically, constituent pressures have played a dominant role in water development choices in most Indian states, and have been a primary contributor to Orissa's current large backlog of ongoing projects, each incompletely funded. Constituency pressures are appropriate and inevitable in any democracy, but Orissa recognizes that these need counterbalancing by mechanisms for steering rational choices and decisions based on sound knowledge and objective criteria. 8. This will be achieved through multiple contributing developments under the project as DOWR's capabilities expand. Primary elements will be through the development of DOWR's basin planning, hydrological knowledge, project formulation, and programming and budgeting activities. An important state forum for discussing priorities will be provided under the Water Resources Board. 9. Additionally, more sharply focused mechanismswill be employed specific to annual budgeting and to approvals for investments. Decision has been taken that this will be through the Annual Review, Action Plan and Budget (ARAPB) process and Orissa's "High Powered Committee" (HIPC)(para 14), also utilizing an investment ranking system as a basis for decisions on funding allocations. - 373 - Annex 21 Page 3 of 4 10. Ranking of scheme completions and other water sector investments under categories (iv) above will be as follows in order of priority: Priority A: High Priority - Fully Fund Al. OWRCP Funded Schemes A2. Other Externally Funded Projects, Flood Control and Drainage Priority B: Medium Priority - Implement to the extent that funds permit Priority C: Low Priority - Last call on funding if available Priority D: Candidate Development list 11. Ranking will adjust over time within the discipline imposed by GOO's High Powered Committee, the ARAPB, the annual discussions between GOO and the Planning Commission, Delhi, and discussions between GOO/DOWR and the Bank, in particular at time of review of the draft annual review, action plan and funding proposal. 12. The table at Attachment I provides an illustration of the ranking exercise agreed for 1995/96 between GOO and the Bank. Budget estimates are provided only for Priorities (i) through (iii) and the Priority A projects under priority (iv) (scheme completions) in the list. Figures for OWRCP items are from the Appraisal cost table including contingencies. All of these items will be fully funded to feasible implementation levels by GOO, in particular as concerns the OWRCP and the other two Bank financed projects. Figures for non-OWRCP financed items are DOWR estimates as approved in the Plan budget. Understanding between the Bank and GOO on priorities below category A will be largely limited to understanding on their ranking and the overall "good sense" of the program (focusing expenditures on a limited number of projects and individual investments being soundly prepared and justified). 13. GOO expenditures are expected to be incurred on a number of ongoing construction sites in categories B and C. However, funding for such projects can be expected to be limited by the overall limits of the state budget and the prior calls on expenditure for activities (i) to (iv)-A above. Between them, Plan funding needs for categories (i) to (iv)-A in 1995/96 are estimated at Rs. 2178 million (including Bank financed). Within this, the estimated funding needs for the OWRCP are Rs. 1294 (of which estimated reimbursement from IDA would be about Rs 1090 million). This compares with a present 1995/96 DOWR Plan Budget objective of Rs. 3213 million made up of an allocation or Rs. 1859 million plus an incremental allocation of Rs. 1354 million against the OWRCP and the Hydrology Project. Actual DOWR Plan expenditures in 1994/95 were Rs. 1775 million, and in 1993/94 were Rs. 1570 million. The combined Plan needs of categories (i) to (iv)-A (including OWRCP) are about 20% greater than Plan expenditures in 1994/95, which is achievable. Funding left for category (iv)-B and (iv)-C program would depend on the degree to which Plan actuals reach the targeted Plan. The key concern for the Bank would be the protection of the OWRCP, Dam Safety Project and Hydrology Project budgets. This concern is mutually shared with GOO given the shared objectives above and the fact that on these expenditures the costs are substantially reimbursed. 374 - Annex 21 Page 4 of 4 14. The mechanism for expenditure review would fit in with the existing Governmental system, with some adaptation to fit the requirements of the OWRCP and the objectives above. The primary vehicle for expenditure planning and review would be the annual budget cycle sharpened under the institutional improvements under the OWRCP through the Annual Review. Action Plan and Budget (ARAPB) described in the SAR paras 4.05 and 4.06. The ARAPB would focus in detail on OWRCP activities but in its expenditure review and budget planning sections would cover the entire program of DOWR and become the vehicle used by DOWR for planning and justifying its overall program with GOO and the Planning Commission (GOI). Timing of ARAPB production and review stages has accordingly been meshed with these needs. The principal IDA supervision mission would coincide with the drafting and review stage of the document, and the "Pre-Budget Scrutiny" of the Principal Secretary, DOWR, assisted by his "Project Monitoring Committee" (SAR para 4.16). (The draft annual review, action plan and funding proposal would be made available to IDA by October 31 each year for review and comment, and the final ARAPB would be forwarded to IDA by April 15 each year.) The ARAPB would include a ranking exercise as a means of justifying proposed expenditures. Supplementing this process would be the oversight provided by GOO's "High Powered Committee. DOWR" chaired by the Chief Secretary. This typically meets about monthly and provides opportunity for interim budget adjustments and special scrutiny of particular programs and investment proposals. The processes above would also be serviced by the progressive sophistication of DOWR capabilities and available analysis from the water planning work, sharpened project preparation and review processes, programming and budgeting capabilities, monitoring and evaluation, and in other areas such as environmental assessment capabilities. 15. During negotiations the above expenditure priorities, ranking system and mechanism for planning and reviewing DOWR's expenditure program were confirmed. GOO also provided evidence at negotiations that the Plan Budget allocation for the 1995/96 program included specific allocations against OWRCP financed items corresponding to the figures for such items in the attached table. -'375 - Annex 21 Attachment 1 Page 1 of 2 Table 1 - DOWR Expenditure Priorities for 1995/96 PRIORITY CATEGORY Rs. Million Cateeorv 1: Institutional Strengthening and related "soft" areas (includes water planning, environmental action plan, water resources research, agricultural intensification, R&R) Institutional Strengthening 105 Basin Planning and Environmental Action Plan 41 Research and Agricultural Intensification 27 R&R/IPDPs 74 Sub-Total Priority 1 (247) Cateeorv 2: Maintenance Works (Non-Plan Budget) (165)' Cateeorv 3: Systems Improvement and Farmer Turnover 188 Cateeorv 4: Scheme Completions Priority Al. (OWRCP schemes) Rengali LBC 121 Mahanadi-Chitrotpala 122 Naraj Barrage 131 Badanalla 102 Harabanghi 134 Hariharjore 53 Upper Jonk 111 Baghua 85 Sub-Total (859) Priority A2. (Other Externally Financed and Flood Control) Dam Safety Project (Bank Financed) 140 Hydrology Project (Bank Financed 50 Upper Kolab (nearly complete OECF funded project)/OCC 236 Upper Indravati LBC (ongoing OECF funded project) 280 Flood Control, Drainage and Anti-Sea Control (GOO Financed) 68 Sub-Total (774) lAn allocationof Rs 165 million has been providedby GOO for 1995/96season corresponding to assessedneeds. - 376 - Annex 21 Attachment1 Page 2 of 2 Priority B. (Dependent on Available Funds) Bhirupa Genguti Sapua Badjore Titilagarh Subemarekha PriorityC. (Dependenton AvailableFunds) Manjore Deo Baghalati Rukura Bagh Telengiri PrioritiesD. (Not currentlylisted for purposeof first rankingexercise). TOTAL PLAN FUNDING FOR CATEGORIES1 TO 4 (DrioritiesAl and A2) 2068 COMPARISONSWITH EARLIERYEARS: (Major, Mediumand Flood Control) Comparisonwith 1995/96beginning year budget 3213 2 Comparisonwith 1994/95actual 1775 Comparisonwith 1993/94actual 1570 Comparisonwith 1992/93actual 1755 2 IncludingRs 1354 millionGOO provisionfor OWRCP/HPprojects. - 377 - Annex22 Page 1 of 8 INDIA ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT Implementation and Supervision Plan 1. Introduction. This Annex covers the following material. In Part A Project Objectives are summarized as a basis for the implementation and supervision guide. Part B - Implementation Plan - covers: Project Management and Implementation; Training and Technical Assistance; Implementation Schedule; Costs, Financing and Disbursements; Procurement Implementation, and Economic Analysis. Part C - Management and Supervision Plan - covers: Management and Supervision Tools; GOO/GOI Supervision; IDA Supervision; Monitoring and Evaluation; Programming and Budgeting; Development Indicators; and Reporting (Baseline Survey, Quarterly Reports, Annual Review Action Plan and Budget, Interim Review of Farmer Organization and Turnover Program, Midterm Review, and Implementation Completion Report). 2. Reference is made to the main text and other Annexes. Attachments to this Annex comprise: Attachment 1 Implementation Schedule Attachment 2 Implementation responsibilities Attachment 3 Abstract of Procurement Schedule Attachment 4 IDA Supervision Schedule Attachment 5 Monitorable Indicators of Development Impact A. PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND DESCRIPTION 3. Project Objectives. Orissa's future economic development and social welfare requires better planning and allocation of water across sectors and, for irrigation - the largest user of water, improved efficiency of public expenditures and water use, and enhanced agricultural productivity. The project's primary objectives would be to: (a) improve the planning, management and development process for the state's water resources; (b) increase agricultural productivity through investments to improve existing schemes and complete viable incomplete schemes; and (c) enhance institutional capability of the Department of Water Resources DOWR). The proposed project would contribute to these objectives by helping GOO to establish multi- sectoral water planning, enhance the efficiency of public expenditures, provide more efficient and effective irrigation services, and upgrade DOWR's capabilities in all functional areas. 4. Project Description. The Orissa Water Resources Consolidation Project (OWRCP) would be a sector investment loan, financing an agreed state-wide program for Orissa's water sector over a six year period. DOWR's state programnover the project period would involve a combination of prioritized physical investments, policy reforms, and investment in institutional - 378 - Annex 22 Page 2 of 8 strengthening and capacity building. This would include emphasis on water planning, environmental management, resettlement and rehabilitation (R&R) and agricultural intensification, as well as strengthening of DOWR's capabilities in all functional and management areas. The investment program would involve a major re-ordering of public expenditure priorities to emphasize maintenance of water systems (to be funded by GOO), improved water management (through rehabilitation and modernization of systems linked with farmer participation/turnover and new cost recovery mechanisms) and selective scheme completions. 5. Orissa' s new water sector strategy proposes an agenda of policy and institutional reforms to strengthen the capacity of the DOWR to carry out its role in water resource use, planning, and development. Underpinning the new strategy is a comprehensive framework for analyzing policies and management options regarding water scarcity, efficiency of service, water allocation and environmental impacts. Priority areas of action consistent with the new strategy are: (i) 'multi-sectoral water resources policy and planning' using the river basins as the planning unit; (ii) 'institutional development' to upgrade management capability of DOWR through improved functional responsibilities, institutional accountability and participation of farmers and the private sector; (iii) farmer participation and turnover; (iv) redefined 'public expenditure priorities', emphasizing improved performance of existing schemes, enhanced operations and maintenance, completion of viable incomplete projects and improved cost recovery linked to service improvements; and (v) 'improved technical performance' of water services delivery and investment, including improved environmental management and R&R. B. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 6. Project Management and Implementation. The project would be implemented by Orissa's DOWR. The Secretary, DOWR would have overall responsibility for project performance and would be supported by an Additional Secretary who would also have the responsibility for the new Directorate of Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R&R). Day-to-day project management would be the responsibility of the Engineer in Chief (EIC) of DOWR, who would coordinate the implementation of all project activities, supported by CEs or Directors responsible for their respective management units: CE Mechanical; CE Water Services; CEs for Major Projects; CEs for River Basins; and Directors for: Procurement; Monitoring, Evaluation, Program, Budgeting and Accounts; and Personnel. The EIC will be assisted by an Additional EIC who would have responsibility for Planning and Design functions through respective CEs for: Project Planning and Formulation (CE-PF); Design and Research; Orissa Water Planning Organization (OWPO); Hydrometry and Data Collection; and the Water and Land Management Institute (WALMI). Environmental cells would be created in the OWPO and CE-PF units, plus supporting cells at key basin level. The institutional structure, organigrams and position descriptions are at Annex 3. Implementation responsibilities are at Attachment 2 of this Annex. 7. For water planning (refer Annex 5) the Water Resources Board (WRB) would be the highest state body for coordinating basin and state water planning and allocation across sectors. The WRB is chaired by the Chief Secretary, with the Secretaries of Water Resources, Municipal Administration, and Rural Development as Vice Chairmen, and includes representation from all - 379 - Annex 22 Page 3 of 8 government departments associated with water use and quality. For coordination of the Environmental Action Plan (refer Annex 12), the WRB would contain an Environmental Sub- Committee. Specific management and implementation details for the Systems Improvement and Farmer Turnover program are at Annex 6. Institutional and management arrangements for the R&R program are at Annex 10. Management arrangements for the Water Resources Research Fund are at Annex 8. Institutional and management arrangements for the IPDP are at Annex 11. 8. Training and Technical Assistance. Substantial training and technical assistance will be required throughout DOWR in all technical and corporate management areas. Training and consultancy needs have been prepared by DOWR and the Bank for each management unit, and are detailed in their respective cost tables at Annex 18. To allow for the transfer of appropriate skills from consultants to DOWR staff, technical assistance would be linked in all cases to staff training through associating DOWR staff with consultants and interlinked formal training as practicable. National and international study tours, training courses and temporary assignments with experienced water agencies would also be used to provide first-hand exposure to new technologies and management techniques. Technical assistance would include small consultancies with individuals or firms as needed, in addition to a twinning arrangement throughout the project period with an experienced consultancy group. Specific arrangements and procedures for training and technical assistance are at Annex 13, including a draft TOR for the twinning arrangement. 9. Additional to the above, DOWR would: (i) contract a senior institutional advisor, institutional advisors and community organizers (NGOs) for the farmer organization and turnover program (Annex 6); (ii) continue to hire the services of a national firm with expertise in resettlement and rehabilitation for assisting the R&R Directorate with the R&R program over at least the first three project years; (iii) contract NGOs for implementation of the Resettlement Action Plans (RAPs) (Annex 10); (iv) contract NGOs for implementation of the Indigenous Peoples Development Plans (IPDPs); (v) contract a national fisheries specialist to advise on the fisheries component of the R&R program (Annex 10); establish a consultancy contract to assist DOWR and GOO's Project Monitoring Committee (para. 16); (vi) under advice of the Research Advisory Committee, contract state, national, and intemational research institutes for the research and technology transfer program under the project's Water Resources Research Fund (Annex 8); (vii) contract advisors for the Agricultural Intensification Program; and (viii) contract for other needs as may be determined by DOWR and IDA during project implementation. 10. Staff Continuity and Specialization. DOWR will ensure organizational and functional effectiveness by establishing various categories of specialists. These specialists will represent the broad range of functional responsibilities of DOWR from design to maintenance, to programming and budgeting. Specialists will be selected and provided additional training through their respective CEs, WALMI, other state and out-of-state agencies, and the consultancy consortium. Study tours will also be arranged where appropriate to further enhance the expertise and awareness of technologies and management skills of the specialists. Consistent with the expenditure of time and funding to provide specialized training, posting policies will be modified to take advantage of this additional training by retaining these employees in their specialized disciplines. In many cases, transfers can still be accommodated but should be within the same discipline. In other cases the specialization is so specific and limited that few if more than one - 380 - Annex22 Page 4 of 8 location will be able to utilize that specialty. For example, an earth dam designer can only be usefully posted with the CE for Design & Research. In such instances the posting policy will allow an extended stay in the same location, with due consideration to the preferences of the employee. Promotions would actively favor employees staying in a post for more than three years and employees staying in a particular specialty. 11. Implementation Schedule. A Summary Implementation Schedule for the project is at Attachment 1. Details by project component, including component-specific implementation schedules as relevant, are in their respective annexes. 12. Costs. Financing and Disbursements. Detailed project costs by component and year are at Annex 18 and summarized in Chapter III of the main report. The financing plan is at para. 3.05. Disbursement arrangements are described at para. 3.16 and a Disbursement Schedule is at Annex 20. Arrangements for retroactive financing, the special account and accounting and auditing are at paras. 3.18 and 3.19. 13. Procurement Implementation and Schedule. Procurement arrangements are described at paras. 3.07 to 3.15 of the main report. Special management features to ensure efficient and timely procurement are described (main report para. 3.14). Detailed procurement schedules with contract packages, timing and estimated costs have been prepared for all field sites/components. An Abstract of the Procurement Schedule for the project is at Attachment 3. 14. Economic and Financial Analysis. The detailed economic and financial analysis for the project is at Annex 19, which is summarized with risk assessments and description of non-quantifiable benefits in Chapter V of the main report. The overall economic rate of return for the project, including costs of all components but only the benefits of scheme completions and SIFT components, is estimated at 17% Sensitivity tests and risks analysis are also at Annex 19. C. MANAGEMENT AND SUPERVISION PLAN 15. Management and Supervision Tools. The project is by nature complex and will require close management, monitoring and supervision for its success. Successful implementation will be sustained over the life of the project only by creating a management and monitoring structure integral to and part of the management culture of the entire DOWR. This in turn will ensure that this capability will continue beyond WRCP as a normal function of management at all levels within the department. Skills in this area will be considerably enhanced through the introduction of management information systems (MIS), monitoring and evaluation (M&E) capability, programming, budgeting and accounts (PB&A), use of development indicators including the results of a baseline survey, a system of quarterly reports and a closely followed Annual Review, Action Plan and Budget (ARAPB), supplemented by special reports on certain components and a mid-term review. These will form the basic tools for management, supervision and actions to redress problem areas and exploit evolving opportunities for faster or modified implementation. The above management systems will in themselves significantlyraise the management capabilities of DOWR, which were constrained within the former Orissa Irrigation Department (OID) due to lack of basic management tools. The new organizational structure for DOWR (Annex 3) has been - 381 - Annex22 Page 5 of 8 developed along functional specialization lines and reflects the functional responsibilities of the DOWR from this point into the foreseeable future. An important feature is the formation of decentralized river basin management units for the provision and management of all water services within a particular basin. This will ensure that more timely and responsive decisions closer to the customers are made. These new organizational arrangements once fully established, combined with strengthened management processes and intensive training and technical assistance, will see DOWR evolve as a modem water agency. The management tools above are described in the paragraphs below and relevant sections of the main report and its annexes. 16 GOO and GOI Project Monitoring. In view of the broad scope and the potential impact of the project for the state, GOO will implement special measures to provide additional project monitoring and coordination support at state level. A WRCP Project Monitoring Committee has been formed by GOO comprising the Chief Secretary (chair), and Secretaries of DOWR, Revenue & Excise, Finance, Agriculture, Forest & Environment, Welfare (R&R), and the EIC as Member Secretary. Additional members (who would have served with DOWR, other Government departments or with the private sector or NGOs) would have relevant qualifications and experience, a level of seniority, and a pro-active approach, enabling them to significantly contribute to the Committee and its monitoring and guidance role for DOWR. Additionally, there would be a state-level sub-committee of the PMC headed by the Principal Secretary DOWR, to provide hands-on monitoring and supervision of OWRCP implementation. The Committee will furnish minutes of its meetings to GOO and IDA, and as relevant on particular issues, to GOI (e.g. Ministry of Water Resources, the Department of Economic Affairs, the Advisor (Irrigation) of the Plarning Commission, and to other relevant Ministries such as Environment). As relevant for particular issues, other GOO representatives will be invited to participate (e.g., Agricultural Engineering Department, Environment, or District Collectors). Meetings will be at least quarterly to discuss the quarterly reports and the ARAPB, and more often as needed. Additionally, a Project Monitoring Consultancy will be arranged and funded under the WRCP with a national consultancy firm. The Consultancy would assist the Committee in the periodic review and assessment of the project as a whole, including site visits. The consultants would make two visits per year, timed to overlap with IDA supervision missions, and would provide additional assistance as needed. Consultant reports would be furnished to the committee and copied to IDA and GOI. 17. IDA Supervision. An indicative IDA Supervision Schedule is at Attachment 4, and would be adjusted as needed during project implementation. The overall plan comprises in a typical year two formal visits, supplemented by correspondence, clearances and visits of DOWR staff to the Delhi office as needed. One of the visits would be short and primarily of an expediting nature: e.g. checking progress, helping resolve interim constraints, or dealing with consultancy, procurement, disbursement and accounting matters that arise. One main mission a year would be timed to coincide with the review of the draft Annual Review, Action Plan and Funding Proposal in the October/November period and would make selective visits to the field, go through all aspects of the project, help determine the forthcoming year's program and review the program budget. GOO's Project Monitoring consultants (para. 16) would, inter alia, program their missions to coincide with IDA supervision visits. Visits of the core staff of the main consultancy contract would also be timed where possible to overlap with the IDA missions, and as needed, similar arrangements would be made for specialists, especially where decisions are required on _ 382 - Annex22 Page 6 of 8 particular aspects of the project. Special meetings of GOO's 'Project Monitoring Committee" (para. 16) would be convened by GOO at the time of the ID X visits for discussion with IDA staff. These arrangements would enable harnessing of the required snecializations to enable effective multi-disciplinarysupervision and close interaction between DOWR and its consultants, GOO and IDA, while keeping IDA resource requirements within reasonable dimensions. The IDA Supervision Plan at Attachment 4 also allows for: (i) more intensive supervision at project start- up, including in procurement and disbursement, institutional reorganization, for the systems improvement and farmer turnover program, for the R&R program and for basin planning; (ii) the interim review of the farmer turnover program in PY2; and (iii) the mid-term review in PY3. 18. Monitoring, Evaluation, Programming and Budgeting. With the emphasis of DOWR on improving overall management of water resources in Orissa, there is a need to consolidate and report the activities of DOWR in a format which will assist the EIC and the government in assessing program progress and performance, and for programming and budgeting to maximize effectiveness. There will be a Unit for Monitoring and Evaluation, Program Budget and Accounts at the level of Director, reporting directly to the EIC. This unit will also develop and maintain a Management Information System to support all activities in DOWVR.Consultancy assistance will be used to guide the establishment and initial operation of the Unit, and as needed thereafter. 19. Monitoring and Evaluation. The new Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) sub-unit will: (i) monitor expenditures on programs relative to total estimated costs; (ii) conduct post-project evaluations to compare benefits with original planning estimates; and (iii) evaluate organizational effectiveness and performance of units within DOWVR,for compliance with DOWR's goals and objectives. The M&E sub-unit would utilize the program budgeting process for much of its data to evaluate progress of projects and programs. At the request of any organizational unit or as directed by the EIC, the M&E unit would collect data, conduct site visits, initiate discussions with water users and the public, and evaluate reports to determine any deficiencies or problems and provide a valuable feedback with recommendations for corrective action. 20. The Monitoring and Evaluation unit will also monitor and evaluate development effects on crop yields, total crop production, crop diversification, farm income levels, water distribution efficienciesand project affected persons. The current situation will be assessed based on field visits, discussions with water users, sample surveys, questionnaires, and review of official publications. The evaluation will determine these effects by comparing the situation at a given time with the Baseline Survey (Annex 17). Annual reports will be prepared for dissemination to the State, Government of India, the World Bank, universities and others. Also, the unit will assess the effectiveness of the Farmer Organization and Turnover Program and its impact on water delivery efficiencies, levels of service delivery, agricultural productivity, and other factors. The unit will utilize the services of consultants or local or other universities for special surveys and analyses, as appropriate. The development effects could be used in the future to assist the Government in setting agricultural production targets by matching crop water demands with available water supplies by region or command. 21. Program. Budgeting and Accounting. DOW?R'snew Programme, Budget and Accounts sub-unit (PB&A) will establish, maintain.,and administer the financial management systems - 383 - Annex 22 Page 7 of 8 including program, budget and cost allocation/accounting systems. The system will be used to develop annual budgets by consolidating budget requests from all DOWR organizational elements and ensure that the final budget request is consistent with the policies and instructions from the Government. The unit will produce management reports tracking program progress and will assist the EIC with financial management of DOWR. The unit will provide periodic management reports for use by the EIC, the Additional EIC, CEs and other managers for decision-making purposes, as well as for information and use of the Project Monitoring Committee and IDA. 22. Development Indicators. Development Indicators (Attachment 5) corresponding to the project objectives at para. 3 have been chosen to help track the project's impact on the project objectives. Attachment 5 provides a matrix of monitorable indicators against each project objective and comments on how such indicators may be monitored. Indicators include physical indiicatorsfor the field components and qualitative and progress indicators for the other components, such as: implementation of the institutional restructuring and strengthening DOWR's effectiveness; evidence of agricultural growth, productivity and crop diversification; increased reliability and equity of water delivery; implementation and effectiveness of the farmer participation and turnover program; and improved planning, programming and budgeting. 23. Baseline Survey. To provide a basis for monitoring the development impact of the project, and further refining the development indicators above, a baseline survey to be conducted by consultants would be carried out in PY] (TOR for the Baseline Survey is at Annex 17). The survey would comprise an overall survey supplemented by more detailed surveys at the level of sample commands, and remote sensing for assessment of effective irrigation coverage and cropping patterns, and would cover the following aspects: engineering indicators for operational and maintenance performance, agricultural preduction indicators. performance indicators for the institutional restructuring and strengthening; and indicators f;r the farmer participation and turnover program. Survey decision would be closely tied in with the monitoring objective indicated in the Monitorable Indicators of Development Impact (Attachment 5). 24. Quarterly Reports. The quarterly reports would be issued within three weeks of the end of each quarter and would be issued by the Monitoring, Evaluation, Programme, Budget & Accounts Unit after clearance from the EIC. Each quarterly report would be produced in standard format and would track the project by its individual components, including physical and financial progress, procurement, disbursement, and qualitative data from the baseline survey. Emphasis would be on benefits, with data and written material restricted to items of clear management and decision making relevance. The reports would incorporate brief submissions from each implementation unit in DOWR which would quantify and conmpareprogress with the agreed targets in the Staff Appraisal Report and the previous ARAPB, and would highlight key issues including problems and constraints. The report would be prefaced with an overview section from the EIC's office summarizing decisions or recommendations based on the overview and each management unit's submission. This would include commenta!4*on the status of decisions/actions outstanding from the last quarterly report and review oi any decisions/actions still required related to recommendations of the GOO Project Monitoring Committee, GOI or IDA. The reports would be presented to the Secretary DOWR, and copied to the Project Monitoring Committee, relevant state officials, GO6 and IDA. The Project Monitoring - 384 - Anne.x22 Page 8 of 8 Committee would meet after each quarterly report cycle to discuss and determine actions required, and IDA would provide written advice and/or direct input during supervision missions. 25. Annual Review. Action Plan and Budget (ARAPB). The ARAPB would be the main vehicle for annual review of project performance and future needs, for adjusting DOWR's program as needed, for budgeting by GOO of DOWR's Plan and Non-Plaii expenditures, and for major review and supervision by GOO, GOI and IDA. For DOWR it would provide annual opportunity to assess its program, to propose adjustments as needed, and to present its consolidated plan and justification for financing needs for the forthcoming year. The ARAPB would review for each component and responsible unit the past year's achievements in terms of development indicators. physical targets and expenditures. and propose a justified work program and proposed expenditure budget for the forthcoming fiscal year. It would also include: (i) a description of each year's works, schedule of activities, staffing requirements and distribution of responsibilities; (ii) proposed expenditures for the next fiscal year compared with the past year's actual expenditures and the budgeted and expected expenditures of the current year; (iii) details on major civil works contracts exceeding US$300,000, and equipment and vehicle contracts exceeding US$200,000; and (iv) a financing plan and sources of funds. Special sections would cover: (v) review of implementation progress related to the institutional strengthening and policy reforms under the project; (vi) detailed review and proposal of maintenance needs (command-by- command) and corresponding non-Plan expenditure requirements; (vii) item-wise review of the overall Plan expenditure program of DOWR with justified proposals for the forthcoming year; (viii) the farmer participation and turnover program; and (ix) progress of state water planning under WRB/OWPO. 26. Intensive Monitoring and Review of Farmer Organization and Turnover Program. Due to the importance and innovative nature of the Systems Improvement and Farmer Turnover program, in particular the farmer participation and turnover aspects, a phased approach will be taken, complemented by intensive monitoring by an FOT consultant who will be attached to the DOWR CE Water Services unit. After about 18 months, an evaluation of Phase 1 will be conducted culminating in an FOT planning workshop which will define the approach taken in Phase 2. A similar evaluation of Phase 2 will be conducted about three and a half years into the project that would provide the basis for planning in Phase 3. This evaluation procedure would enable feedback and recommendations sufficientlyearly in project implementation to enable timely modifications, including adjustments and expansion or scaling back of the program if needed. 27. Midterm Review. By March 31, 1999 (end PY3), GOO/DOWR would carry out, jointly with IDA and GOI, a Midterm Review of project progress and possible need for adjustments to components, implementation arrangements and policy reforms, and thereafter implement its recommendations. 28. Implementation Completion Report. An Implementation Completion Report would be prepared by GOO on the basis of IDA's guidelines, not later than six months from the closing date of the Credit. INDIA ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE Si. NameDuaor--PIY6 No. CI-1are Irer I rr A. SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT 1. Improvements for Head Works. Main Canals & Branches . .. . . 2. Improvements tor Distribution Systems :. 3. On Farm Development works B. FARMER TURNOVERI 1. Define Policy I 2. Define Rules & Responsibilities R l i i 3.Trariningof Officers& Farmers . i i ' ' f i 4j SystemTurnover ri ~ . I¶...... 1 IC. OPERATION &MAINTENANCE II ~.$. 11. I I 1. Preparation of POMs ...... - . 1.1 :.s. 2. Purchase of Equipments 3. EsatsbliBhimentof Water Servce ChagesCommittee (Completed)jt tt] 4. Recommendationsof WaterServices Coat ChargeCommittee I I 5. Preparation of State Model for assessing ServuceCoatsI D. MAINTENANCEI 1 Prepare Annual Maintenance PlansI ... 2.IFull funding of Maintenance:: I 3. MintnneImplementation . K: jE. SCHEMECOMPLETIONSI t I.head Works I 2. Main Canals & Branches 1 I - .: (A i 4 3. 1 Distribution Systems t. t. i i ~i . F. WATER PLANNINGII Formulate State Water Policy (Completed) > >I 2 RapidBasin assessment of remainingbasins I * I I 3 MI 3 Prepare Frame work Stale Water Resources Plan I- 4lEstablishBasin Water Planning Committees II OlMDr'o 5. Complete detailed River Basin Plans I .. c 8. Complete State Water Plan I J.t;:b :Fz. INDIA ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE Si. Name DurstiIIa. 4 No. -- usner I usnfer I uuser I Lusrer usarer -user Cusrer G. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTIj 1 SectorsI Environmental Assessment (Completed) 21 Prepare Environmental Action Plan (Completd) 3. Establish Environmental Units in OWPO.CE (PF) !4. Establish Environmental Monitoring Committee (Completed) 5.Establish EnvironmentalCells in BasinManagers' Office III 16. Training ...... 7. ImplementE A P 1 1 I H.,Ii H. INSTITUTIONAL MODIFICATIONJ . 1. Issue Governmenitorders on creation of DOWR (Completed)I 2. Issue Govt. orderS on estabilshment of decentralised units basin-groupwise . 13. Reorganisation of functionally specialised units at HO ~~ 00 4. Strengthening of All Units 5. Establish State Water Resources Data Centre in DOWR - !7. Creation of Engineer -in Chief (Planning & Design) i8& Training I::.<~ ~4~_ x'' L.RESEARCH 1 Establishment of Water Resources Researh Fund ...... 2. IEstablishResearchAdivisory Committee IIj .3. ~Funding&Implementation of Research Programme ::***; .1:jI ,.:r%:i4:t:::K:i: 2 : - IJ.LAND ACQUISITION & ECONOMIC REHABILITATION I IL 1 2 Issue ofremaining Government Crcers for R &R I IoArt IPreparation of Economic Rehabilits:ion Action Plan for 8 Sub- prolects II..o 3 FisIFiv Sub-projects tU:2I .4. I u-projec-t (Baghua Stage - iii 4.:;m4t 1. Sub-project (M.C.II.) I I. S. I1Sub -project (Nars;) Not Required I .I ~ :ts. I.mplementation of LAERAPs I a,t~ INDIA ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE Si. Name Duration pI PY I Fl PY3 TPY4 I rY 140. OIi a ~~~~~~~IorIit ofudej, uaitr I uelter -- tiusir ueuorafe K. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION REVIEWS T I Ii 1 Prepare Quarterly Programme Report ; k 2 Yearly Budget exercise and Annual Review m |. X -i ;3 Socio-economic Baseline Survey - 4. Establish Supervision Commrttee - I I IS Interim Review of Farmer Organisation Experience l i- s ; 6 Mid Term review ot Projectl I 7. Implementation Completion Repon i i _ - r i , l l I _ _ _ H _ 11 _ _ ~_ _ _ I , I II 1 0rt~ nX 0mo rt - 388 - Annex 22 Attachment 2 Page 1 of 5 INDIA ORISSA WATER RESOUCESCONSOLIDATION PROJECT SL. NO. ACTIVITY IMPLEMENTATION/ COORDINATION/ SUPPORT ADVISED & REPRESENTATIVES APPROVED RESPONSIBLITIES A. General Management of Water Resources E.l.C. (W.R.) Principal Secy, overall coordinaton of project DOWR implementation. B. Institutional Modification 1. Institutional Modification. a. Establish Decentralised Unit - E.l.C. (W.R.) P r i n c i p a I Secy, Basinwise DOWR b. Establish functional specialised units E.l.C. (W.R.) Principal Sec y, DOWR c. Establish Water Resources Data E.l.C. (W.R.) Principal Secy, Centre DOWR d . Establish EIC, Planning & Design Principal Secy, Principal Secy, DOWR DOWR 2. Administrative Reform Programme, E.l.C. (W.R.) Principal Secy, Budget, Accounting, MIS, M&E DOWR 3. Specialisation E.l.C. (W.R.) Principal Secy, DOWR 4. Training Director, WALMI E.l.C., Planning & Design 5. Computer Systems C.E.(P.P.F.) E.I.C., Planning & C.E(O.W.P.O.) Design 6. Communication System C.E. (O.W.P.O.) E.I.C., Planning & Design 1 L' - 389 - Annex 22 Attachment 2 Page 2 of 5 SL. NO. ACTIVITY IMPLEMENTATION/ COORDINATION/ SUPPORT ADVISED & REPRESENTATIVES APPROVED RESPONSIBLITIES 7. Procurement D i r e c t o r E.l.C. (W.R.) Procurement 8. Farmers Organisation & Turnover C.E. Water E.I.C.(W.R.) & Service. Basin Principal Secy.. Mananger DOWR 9. Establish contract award committee E.l.C. (W.R.) Principal Secy., DOWR C Water Planning 1. Rapid basin assessments of C.E. (O.W.P.O.) E.I.C., Planning & remaining basins Design 2. State Water Plan C.E. (O.W.P.O.) E.I.C., Planning & Design, WRB 3. Detailed River Basin Plans C.E. (O.W.P.O.) E.I.C., Planning & Design 4. Develop Planning Standards C.E. (O.W.P.O.) E.l.C., Planning & Design 5. Technological advancees (e.g C.E. (O.W.P.O.) E.l.C., Planning & Remote Sensing) Design 6. Disaster Management C.E. (O.W.P.O.I, E.I.C., Planning & C.E. (D) Design 7. Establish Basin Advisory Basin Manager E.I.C., (WR) Committiees D. Environmental Management 1. Establishi Environmental Cells in C.E.,(OWPO) & E.l.C., (WR) 1Basin Managers office C.E., (PPF) Principal Secy., DOWR 2. Establish Management Committiees C.E.,(OWPO) E.I.C., (WR) Principal Secy., DOWR 2 - 390 - Annex 22 Attachment 2 Page 3 of 5 SL. NO. ACTIVITY IMPLEMENTATION/ COORDINATION/ SUPPORT ADVISED & REPRESENTATIVES APPROVED RESPONSIBLITIES 3. Training Director, WALMI E.I.C., (WR) Principal Secy., DOWR 4. Prepare Eco-restoration Basin Manager E.l.C., (WR) 5. Implement EAP Basin Manager E.l.C., (WR) E. Research 1. Establish Water Resources Research C.E.(D), EIC(P&DI Principal Sec y., Fund DOWR 2. Establish Research Advisory C.E.(D), EIC(P&D) Principal Secy., Committee DOWR 3. Fund & Implement research C.E.(D), EIC(P&D) Principal Secy., programs DOWR F. System Improvement 1. Improvements for Headworks, main B.M. CE (WS), CE(D) & Canals & Branches EIC(WR) 2. Improvement for Distribution B.M. CE (wS), CEID) & System EIC(WR) 3. Onfarm Development Works B.M. CE (WS), & EIC(WRi G. Farmers Organisation & Turn over 1. Define Policy C.E.(WS) EIC(WR) & Principal Secy. 2. Define Rules & Responsibilities C.E.(WSI EICIWR) & Principal Secy. 3. Training of Officers & Farmers Director, WALMI EIC (P&D) 4. System Turnover Basin Manager CE(WS) & EIC(WR) 3 - 301 - Annex 22 Attachment 2 Page 4 of 5 SL. NO. ACTIVITY IMPLEMENTATION COORDINATION/ SUPPORT ADVISED & REPRESENTATIVES APPROVED RESPONSIBLITIES H. Operation & Maintenance 1. Prepartion of POMs S.E. B.M., CE(WS) 2. Purchase of Equipment S.E. B.M., CE(WS) 3. Establishment of water service EIC(WR), CE(WS) Principal Secy, charges committee DOWR 4. Recommendations of water services EIC(WR), CE(WS) P r i n c i p a I Sec y. and cost charges committee DOWR 5. Preparation of State Model for C.E. (WS) EIC(WR) & Principal assessing service costs Secy.,DOWR. 6. Develop standards C.E. (WS) EIC(WR) 1. Maintenance 1. Prepare annual maintenance plan B.M. EIC(WR), CE(WS) 2. Full funding of maintenance EIC(WR) P r i n c i p a I Sec y, DOWR & Secy. Finance 3. Maintenance Implementation S.E. B.M. & EIC(WR) J. Scheme Completions 1. Head Works B.M. E.l.C. (WR) 2. Main Canals & Branches B.M. E.I.C. (WR) 3. Distribution Sytem B.M. E.l.C. (WR) K. Land Acquisition and Economic Rehabilitation 1. Issue remaining GOs for LAERAP Director R&R P r i n c i p a I Secy, DOWR 2. Preparation of ERAP for Sub-Projects Director R&R P r i n c i p a I Sec y, DOWR 4 - 392- Annex 22 Attachment 2 Page 5 of 5 SL. NO. ACTIVITY IMPLEMENTATION/ COORDINATION/ SUPPORT ADVISED & REPRESENTATIVES APPROVED RESPONSIBLITIES 3. Implemention of ERAP Director R&R EIC(WRI & Pincipal Secy, DOWR. L. Design & Construction 1. Develop Design Standards C.E.(D) EIC(P&D) 2. Develop Construction Standards C.E.(DI & B.M. EIC(P&DI 3. Develop Quality Control Standards C.E.(D) EIC(P&DI M. Project Implementation 1. Prepare quarterly programme report B.M., C.E.s EIC(P&DI & EIC(WR) 2. Yearly budget exercies & annual B.M.. C.E.s EIC(WR) & Principal review Secy, DOWR 3. Socio-economic Baseline Survey Director R&R EIC(WR) & Principal Secy, DOWR 4. Establish project monetary EIC(WR) Principal Secy,DOWR committee 5. Interim review of FOT CE(WS). B.M. EIC(WR) 6. Mid term review of the project EIC(WRI Principal Secy,DOWR 7. Implementation completion report B.M., C.E.s EIC(WR) 8. Consultancy E IC (W R 1a Principal Secy,DOWR EIC(P&D) 5 I' OJlISSA Y*'CP PtIOJECTCtWLEElION MISIIIACT OF PtOCUtFMENT SChIEDULE SL I tAMF~CFt 9 9 5 1 P O 0G1 99N t I 9 l0 No SUB-PROJECT j F Iv MJ A S F_ M V _A S 0 N' 0 5F I A~I k S: S A 0 N 6_'J Sita-rt a bccd i lM AI S A S 6 Pi D 8.- I I._II_I -- _ A - EFD 1 NARAJ- I_EFO AUNey 2 _ 3_4 5 p67r91ol 11 12 BARdRAGE End o Notrtabc d e f df ABC E_ F G 2AGHjA Start ct dS 2 FJl a Ie2 3o4 5a 71 8 101 12 End ub c da.I .-- All CUf F F( I 2 3 4 _3 HAR18HANCU _ 6 78 9 10- Stra bc d __e I 9-.. - __1_ 4 5 6Io-9 i 1 __11 _ 12 __ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~a_bc_d e I 4r_~~ _ _ 4 8 6 8 56 79 a 10 I 1 _ 2 1 _ 6HAPRJOANKM Start I d e_a Ida End d -f. 1 3 End 4_ 7 8 a_ 91 lo 111112 'cad d CHIIROTRALA~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 14( III-N(JALI 1), C- If u___ 12 End _ _____ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 1L00 A.LAh rtt ACUSTO B.PREOUtALIFICATION ACTIONS a Slart survey 0 )0 A.InIt~Iaprepamatin di prequalihicatlon Documents A ev'aluation critefrs b.approvral of allignment B.Transmit documents & crlteriIn to IDA C. 4(t) Notiticaton C IOA clearance of documents & criterIa ' d 6(i) NoWAicalon O.Issue of Prequalflicatlon Notice a. 7(i) Notiiicatlorr. - E Receipt of Contractor's preq~ualiIiration Data. I.Sbla lanvd acquistlron F Transmit w~aluation report and reccomendationl g.PossessIoni to IDA of (and. G IDA clearonce of recomondatlonis RSSA ARCP' Pn3OJECTCOMA'LE1ION AnlSlilACT OF PFtOCtUtEMENT SaIWIJLE Nu SLiU-1t'IOJL.CI- J I M A M J J A S U N D J F M A M J J A S O NOb J F MiAM J JA S NO A M J JAS Start I NAFbI&- End 3 IA Sedrt cA ol sANGo End 4 Start 4ADANALLA (S kiPPER JONK Start End S~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ cpenHStartoJC3 80 2 F 781 2 a MAHANA Star ar colrc C-41 T'140rPALA 5 ______C.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~PROLUOE.MENTACTIONS r 3( I.Initial preparation of clocmentenspec7icatiom & bid 2 Transmit specificntion andbld documents to IDA 3 IDA clearance of specifications aind bid docu monIs 0 l tiD O.ssue of rInvitationof bid. 5.cpenof bids. rt 8 Transmit evaluation report and a.ard recomdn to IDA 7 IDA clearance of recomondation5 6Award of contract 0.Constructiorn25% componentls 10. ConstructIon 50% corrponents It1. Construction 75% comnponents 12 Construction 1oo% components * >C I I~~~ IC WCI* > I I II k 'ZZ ~ 'Z~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~- -IO-IO I - a-I-I- -IaI-I--Ia --- I-II--II--II--II-.z I I - ~ ~ ~I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ------ II ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - -i -li- - I -i-I- -. ,~~~~~ Iii - ' ''' -;-- 'Z7Z.Z 1 11117Z 'IIIW, -Z -Z S - ~ -Z-Z a 0 * aS - - . 4-a- ~ ~ ~ ------ a a a a 4- S a * S ~-- a - - a * a a a ------4 - -. - -:-: ------1-~ 1-- - I; HI I - I ~ ~ ------I-- - -I- - -I- - - I-I- ------ ------I--I- - - - II-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-I Ii 39~~~~~ ~Annex 22 - 396- ~~~~Attachment3 Page 4 of 6 OIRISSAWRCP l.. ':AMSYt&ISAT1ON/REHABII.1,TATONCO.MPOSNENT(SI9FT) ASTiRACT OF1'ROCUREMENTSCHBDULE ISL. NA.'FSOFSCHEMES I 95 I I94 M97 I…131 F I M JAIMI I IJIAISICJNICI3IFI M IA!.% 3 1J IA IS ICINID1J FaM IA %4IJ 3I A ISICINICI 9.NV'PSCHEMES START I 121213 I 141S017111819I101I I I 1111 II I Il I12I I I I iai 2,I FRUSSiIKULYA … -- _I~~ ENDI I I I II 1213141I 15SI' 17110 181 I i I Ia I I iI I 1 I I …-I------… …------i ~~~~~STARTII I 1 11213 I 141316171811 I 121 I I I I a Ia Ia I I I I I I I21 I DHANEI … ---- I-…------… -- I I ~~~~~~~ II111~~ENDI 131 14151617181 19.10.11 I I 1121 I I I I 1 I I I I I I …------. STARTI 11i213 I 14151611181110I I I I I I lii II 1121 I I I I I I I I I I 22 ISALIA…I ------I ------I- - --- ENDI I I I 111213141I 15I' 17/9 III I I I 1101 I I Ili] I I I 1.2 I I I I I I ------… ------I … -- i--- - -______- - - -I - Il STARTI 1112 13141S161718191 1211 I I 1I I I I I I I 1 I I I I I I I 23 SALANDI … I------I~------I-- I I ENDI 1112 13141516171181 19.10.11 I I 1121 I III I I I I I I I I I I ------… -I------I ~~~~~~~STA'RTlI I 111213 I 141 1516111819110 I I 111 I I I I 1121 i I I I I I I I I I 21 IDERJAING ---- I------Il I ENDI I I I I~~~FN 11121311,1151611 I8.9 I I 1101 I I I I ILI11I I 1121 I I I I I I ------ST?AP_'rlII I 111213 141IS1161718191110 I I I I I I I I I I I Jill I I I I I 25 IHIRAKUD --- …----I ------I ______I I ~~~~~~~ I I~~ENDI 1 III 19I I I 1 I I I I I I I I I 1101 I I I I I STARTI I I 11121 13141516171011101 l 11 I I III 26 DELTA-\STAGE- … I---- …------I- I END ~~I… ! I I'll, 131 l4!5J6ji'i8Ii 101 I Ill1 I I I I I I 11 I - I I I I I ~~~~~~~~~STARTII M111 13141S1617181I I 11 I I I I I I I I I I1 I I I I I I 27 IDrLTASTAGE-11 --- …----I ------_i - -l I I ENDI i I llII 19 1 11 11 lI 3 I 111 L E GEN D aSlIrt S. A.Irnitil pgp UtonopraOU31160BLion DQWUnU A tvai-.t,in w1wis 1.Initialprepwfa1ic81of pmdflC3iout .I -. 3 dxu.. D.App,O"al .1i,8nfl.. B.Tr.nsmi dw-ummt.&, aruea toIDA 2.Trnmnainslamirwak6I and bid &c.=~tmu0L IDA ~~..L(~) NoLi(~.on C.IDACIear3m.of dacvwa .0aritm,. 3.DA c.r,daefcisW nd doc.rn - d- (i)N.Itifi,an. C.h ... of Preq.8aificatan NeIsce 4.lau. of uimitatIai@o bid, .. 7(i),1Ot,(,at,oa E.ReceiLE of(cotrac,orasprevaurihcatiort Data. S.apenof bids. IStart landacquetlfin. F.Trana.mi-s.saIa o, reper andrecoomadaion so IDA. 6.Trarmas cesakauiar.pont end war: syouda. to iA. gpoaam.,n of hans G.1DA cleaannerof recomonuatK, 7.1DA clearmnesof recoumnoaImo. iIII~~~~~IEiEiE~~~~~~~- -. -. ~~~~~------. . . - 94 0 ---. ------K~ ~ ~ ~ ------ ------0------_ ------w ------~ i------*j*****-**~**I-I--I- - - -I- --*I!--7- - -JI--...- -~~~~- - - - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~------L I I I i-I-i-.-! ~~~~~~~- -~ -*~*- I - _ _ -- ~~~~~~~~ I-- I-I--'--'-- -0j ~------I- all ------I--~~------~ ~ ~~~~~~~- 4 4 - -I I::1:1: :1: :1: 1: ------1 111 1 ------ Orb ------0 ' c T-T------T----T------T----T-T------b4 0 I alW~~ --1l110-- -!------i- -1- - -: 1-i------x, ~~ -| ------,------l U- - -_ -- ||Z|-- |- - |-|- -I-I-I- |-I- - N- - 1--I- <------j ------8g I -I-I-I-I-I- -I-I------ ------;1 j--- - .Ui U *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~14 I II------ -° F ' ,.I-I I .- nI- - z I---- n I-I-I-- - 399 - Annex 22 Attachment 4 Page I of 2 INDIA ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT Estimated Bank Supervision Inputs Approximate Dates Bank Staff (IDA FY-Semester) Activity Expected Skill Requirement' Input (SW)2 FY96: II Start-up (PYO) Institutional/Economics (3) 13 Engineering (3) Environmentalist (1) Procuremnent(1) Disbursement (1) Farmer Organization (2) Soc./Anthropology (R&R/IPDP) (2) Total FY96 13 FY97: I Supervision I Engineering/Institutional (2) 8 (PY I Light) Farmer Organization (2) Agriculturist (2) Soc./Anthropology (R&R/IPDP) (2) FY97: II Supervision 2 Engineering/Institutional (3) 11 (PYI Main) Farmer Organization (2) Soc./Anthropology (R&R/IPDP) (2) Agriculturist (2) Environmentalist (2) Total FY97 19 FY98: I Supervision 3 Engineering/Institutional (3) 6 (PY2 Light) Farmer Organization (1) Soc./Anthropology (R&R/IPDP) (2) FY98: 11 Supervision 4 Engineering/lnstitutional (3) 12 (PY2 Main, Farmer Farmer Organization (3) Organization & Economics (2) Agricuitural Agriculturist (3) Intensification Review) Soc./Anthropology (R&R/IPDP) (1) Total FY98 18 'Figures refer to staff weeks. Bank missions would overlap with consultancy visits fumdedunder the project to provide interaction with the broad range of specialist inputs required under the project 2 SW = Staffweeks - 400 - Annex 22 Attachment 4 Page 2 of 2 ADproximateDates BankStaff (IDA FY-Semester) Activi ExciectedSkill ReuiremSent InDuLLSW) FY99: I Supervision5 Engineering/Institutional(3) 5 (PY3 Light) Farrner Organization(1) Soc/Anthropology(R&R/IPDP) (1) FY99: II Supervision6 Economics/Finance(3) 16 (PY3 Main & Mid-Term Engineering/Institutional(3) Review) Agriculturist(2) Farmer Organization(2) Water Planner (2) Soc./Anthropology(R&R/IPDP) (2) Enviromnentalist(2) Total FY99 21 FY2000: I Supervision7 Engineering/Institutional(3) 3 (PY4 Light) FY2000: II Supervision8 Engineering/Institutional(3) 11 (PY4 Main) Basin Planner (2) Farmer Organization(2) Agriculturist(2) Soc./Anthropology(R&R/IPDP) (2) Total FY2000 14 FY2001: I Supervision9 Engineering/Institutional(3) 3 (PY5 Light) FY2001: II Supervision 10 Engineering/Institutional(3) 9 (PY5 Main) Farmer Organization(2) Agriculturist(2) Environmentalist(2) Total FY2001 12 FY2002: I Supervision11 Engineering/Institutional(3) 3 (PY6 Light) FY2002: II Supervision 12 Economist(5) 16 (PY6 Final & ICR) Engineer/Institutional(3) Agriculturist(3) Soc./FarmerOrganization (3) Anthropoligist(R&R/IPDP) (2) Total FY2002 19 Annex 22 Attachment 5 Page I of 6 INDIA ORISSA WATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT Key Monitorable Indicators of Development Impact Objective: A. Improve the planning, management and development process for the state's water resources. Project Input Activity/Reform Indicator Methodologyfor Auessment Al. General * Implement State Water Policy,Letter of * Refer indicators in full matrix below. For general * Annual overviewstock- (Overall Water DevelopmentPolicy and WRCP overview,special attention to: taking at time of Annual Resources componentsand policyobjectives Review,Action Plan and Management, (OWRCPas a whole) Budget(ARAPB) Planning and (i) Developmentof Water Plan (section A3) * Assessmentsat section A3 Fnancing) (ii) Focused state expendituresto priorities (section * "at section A4 A4) (iii) Developmentof DOWR's effectivenessas a * "at section C comprehensivestate water development& managementagency (sectionC) 0 (iv) water servicesto becomeself-financing (O&M) " at sections A2, B3 & B4 (sections A2, B3 & B4) (v) Stakeholderparticipation (sectionB3) * " at section B3 A2. Cost * Cost recoverybased on user charges, and * Annual reviewof water chargesand O&M * Reports produced recovery periodic revisionof water rates requirements, and recommendationon water rate * Stakeholderparticipation adjustments,by Water Rates Cost RecoveryComnittee * Farmer Councilsunder SIFT to take over a Progressiveincrease of water charges to users to * Targets achieved O&M of their distributaries recover: 50% of the full O&M cost of all sectors by * Annual SIFT and O&M * DOWR's water services(O&M) to be Mar. 1997 80% by Mar. 1998; and 100%by Mar. evaluations (in ARAPB). self-financing(by 2000) 2000 PY2 special SIFT review. Annex 22 Attachment 5 Page 2 of 6 Objective (cont.): A. Improve the planning, management and development process for the state's water resources. ProjectInput Activity/Reform Indicator Methodologyfor Assessment A3. Basin * Establishment of OWPO * Issuance of GO * Reviewdocumentation Planning * Placement of full staff in units and build- * Number of staff placed, degree of prior specialization, * Quarterly reports up of capabilities subsequent training * Preliminary "initial spiral" basin studies * Complete studies for two basins by Jun. 1996; two * Adherenceto SAR schedules completed basins by Jun. 1997; and two basins by Jun. 1998. (quarterly reports and * Complete Framework State Water Plan ARAPB) * Secondarystudy with hydrologic, * Complete study for one basin a year to June 1996; . economic and environmental models three add'l basins by June 1997; two add'l basins by June 1998;and fourremaining basins by June 1999. * Final study of all basins * Complete for five basins by June 1997; two basins by . June 1998; and four basins by Dec. 1999 * Integrated State River Basin Plan * Complete by Jan 2002 * Quality of output (consultant * Quality of all outputs & supervisionreviews) A4. Expenditure Expenditures prioritized to sustain and Prioritization improveexisting infrastructure, complete (and viableincomplete investments, and reduce Maintenance overhangof incompleteprojects Funding) * Full annualfunding (by GOO)of * Full annualbudget for maintenanceworks provided in * ARAPBreview based on maintenance timely fashion by GOO in line with DOWR detailed detailed estimates estimates (provisions reported in quarterly reports) * Full and timely GOO funding of all * Timely and full funding provision each fiscal year * ARAPBand quarterly WRCP project components(DOWRs reports "core expenditureprogram") * Focus remaining DOWR expenditures * Annual budget including ranking of expenditure items * ARAPB (DOWR annual investment proposals according to agreed priorities consistent with established sectoral priorities * Avoid expenditure on unviable new starts. * Above, and close correspondenceof ex-post * Supervision review Focus available funds on selected,limited expenditureswith prioritized ranking of expenditures number of priorities. Reduce overhang of in the ex-ante annual budget completions Annex 22 Attachment 5 Page 3 of 6 Objective (cont.): A. Improve the planning, management and development process for the state's water resources. ProjectInput Activity/Reform Indicator Methodologyfor Assessment A5. * EstablishEnvironmental Units in DOWR * Issuance of GO * Review documentation Environmental * Placementof full staff in units, and * Staff placed; training completed; No. of staff paired . Protection provisionof training withint'l/nat'l consultantsfor knowledgetransfer (Environmental * ImplementEnvironmental Action Plan * Progress on EAP actions as per schedule * ARAPBs Action Plan) (EAP) * Issuance of operational guidelines& institutional * Consultant & supervision procedural reviews A6. * Implementationof Orissa's R&R Policy * Policy features and entitlements implemented,welfare * Annual consultantreviews Resettlement& for addressing impact on project affected of PAPs (& special needs of tribals) maintained or Rehabilitation persons (PAPs) enhanced (R&R) * Completestaffing of R&R Directorateand * Field offices staffedas per RAP-site schedule; NGOs * R&R Directoratereports contracting of NGOs contracted as per RAP-site schedule ImplementRAPs for project sites * Adherenceto RAP actions & scheduling; Close * M&E by R&RDirectorate; correspondencewith progress on engineeringworks, & Annual independent welfare and satisfactionof PDPs/PAPs consultantreviews * Capacitybuilding for R&RDirectorate, * Training completedby June 1996; Periodic monitoring * R&R Directoratereports, 4 RAC, field staff and concerned NGOs & evaluation incorporatedin subsequentoperations supervisionreviews 0 A7. Indigenous * Completestaffing in R&R Directorate * Field offices staffedas per RAP-site schedule; NGOs * R&R Directoratereports Peoples regardingIPDP, and contractingof NGOs contractedas perRAP-site schedule Development * ImplementIPDPs for project sites * Adherenceto IPDP actions& schedule; Community- * M&E by R&R Directorate; Plan (IPDP) level capacitybuilding programs completedon Annual independent schedule; Turnoverof projects to communitiesduring consultant reviews fiscal year 2000/01; Welfare& satisfactionof tribals * IPDP capacitybuilding for R&R * Annual training organizedand held by Augusteach * R&R Directorate reports, Directorate, field staff & concernedNGOs year; Number of R&RDirectorate & NGO participants supervisionreviews A8. Water * EstablishWRRF and RAC * Issue GOs by December1995 * GOs issued Resources * Developmentand funding of pro-active * Relevance to current and future issues/opportunities e Annual qualitativereview ResearchFund researchprogram (RAC reports and (WRRI) * Linkagewith internationaland national * No of workshopsorganized with participants from supervisionassessment) researchagencies academic & researchorganizations; No. of proposal solicitations publishedor sent to reputableperiodicals and academic/researchorganizations * Strengtheningof in-state research * No. of practical/relevantresearch ongoing & completed agencies * Technologytransfer * No. of instances where research is operationalized Annex 22 Attachment 5 Page 4 of 6 Objective: B. Increase agricultural productivity. Project Input Activity/Reform Indicator Methodologyfor Assessment B1. Scheme * Reinforce/strengthendesign staff number * Numbers of staff, staff trained, Numbersof staff paired * MIS, consultant reports Completions and capability with int'l/nat'l consultants for knowledgetransfer * Consultantand DSRP * Improveconstruction quality * Constructionquality reports * Completeheadworks/main structures * Physical and procurement progress * MlS/ARAPBs * Completemain canals * Physical and procurement progress * MIS/ARAPBs * Completedistribution systems * Physical and procurement progress * MlS/ARAPBs * Increased areas under irrigation accordingto SAR * ARAPBs,remote sensing physicaltargets data * Establish command level O&M units * Units establishedand trained * Quarterlyreports * Organize farmers * Number of organizations formed, trained and operating * Quarterlyreports, M&E B2. System * Implementrehabilitation and * Physical progress * Quarterlyreports Improvements modernizationworks (Rebabilitation * Improvewater management * Increased irrigation efficiency and water savings * MIS data, remote sensing, & M&E Modernization) * StrengthenDOWR capabilities (CE * Implementationcapacity & performance(actual vs. * Consultantreports, ARAPB, Water Services) scheduled progress on activities, quality of completed supervisionreviews o works, etc.) * Actual vs. planned area under irrigation * M&E surveys,remote sensing * Servicequality: reliability of water supply (actual vs. * M&E, Apex & Farmer schedule timing of water delivery); equity of water Council advice deliveries (% CCA/total CCA receivingwater) * Increasedagricultural yields & cropping intensity * DOA data * Cropping intensity and greater crop diversification * DOA data * Increasedfarm incomes * Periodic consultant reviews Annex 22 Attachment 5 Page 5 of 6 Objective (cont.): B. Increase agricultural productivity. Project Input Activity/Reform Indicator Methodology for Assessment B3. Farmer * Appoint consultant advisorfor farmer * Appointment * MIS/ARAPBs Participation, participation Organization * Issue model by-laws for Farmer Councils * Issuanceof GOs * Forwardingand review of and Turnover and model Memo of Understanding GO (FOT) betweena farmer council and DOWR * Organize and train staff and NGOs * Number of staff sent for FOT orientation/appreciation * MlS/consultantreport workshop; Number of jr. engineers (JEs) trained in FOT; CompleteNGO orientation and FOT training; Deploymentof JEs to FOT sites * Organize & register farmer organizations * ImplementFOT organizing actions (e.g. farmer * MIS report workshops,training, discussionof MOU/By-laws); Number of farmer organizations registered * Completedturnover to farmers * Number of schemes transferred * MIS report * Monitor functioning of farmer * WUAs effectivelymaintaining & operating distributary * M&E and consultantreports organization system B4. * O&M funding (refer sectionA4) * Sustained O&M funding at levels required for * ARAPB o Maintenance satisfactoryO&M Management * Prepare/implementoperational and * Plan of O&M prepared for each scheme; Planned * M&E reports, remote maintenanceplans O&M actions implementedas per schedule sensing * Prepare asset registers * Tail-endersreceiving more water * M&E, remote sensing * Monitor operational and maintenance * Reliablewater provision (i.e. % of time water available * Farmer Councils,M&E plans to farmers when expected) B5. Agricultural * Enhance extension for irrigation * Number of farmer courses in irrigation agronomyand * Quarterlyreports/ARAPB Intensification agronomy water managementoffered. Program (AIP * Supporting demonstrationsand applied * Number of demonstrationsand quality/relevance * M&E,qualitative research assessments * Promote interaction amongfarmers, * Services harmonizedand responsive to fanner needs . DOWR & DOA * Completionof Apex Committee Centers * MIS * Postingof DOWRIDOAextension staff to Apex * Quarterlyreports/ARAPB Comnittee Centers * Help improveagricultural practices/yields * Actualvs. best farming practices & yields * DOA data, M&E * Provide access to agriculturalinputs, & * Actual vs. best input usage; No. of contacts/meetings * DOA data, M&E, qualitative linkageswith agro-industriesor farner with agro-industriesor co-ops; Number of agreements assessment cooperatives obtained; % of AIP command output sold to agro- industries or co-ops Annex 22 Attachment 5 Page 6 of 6 Objective: C. Enhance institutional capability of the Orissa's Department of Water Resources. Project Input Activity/Reform Indicator Methodology for Assessment Cl. Institutional Complete ReorganizationActions: Reorganization * Complete transfer/placementof officials a Staff transferred/placed * Quarterly reports, and Capacity in the new structure supervisionreview Building * Complete positionand job descriptions * Descriptionsissued * Supervisionreview * Approve policy and actions on delegation * Issuance of GOs * Supervisionreview of authority for selection,placement and discipline to appropriate Unit heads * Provide staff benefits and incentives for * Related policies and actions * Supervisionreview work in specializedfields to provide continuity and build-up of expertise * Establish ProjectMonitoring Committee * Issuance of GO * Forwarding and reviewof for OWRCP GO * Establish a Research AdvisoryCommrinee * Issuance of GO * Forwarding/reviewof GO * Establish a Water ResourcesResearch * Issuance of GO * Forwarding/reviewof GO Fund * Appointments in all consultant areas * Contracts signed * Contract signatures o Capacitv Building: * Strengthen DOWR in all functional areas * Training completed in full range of functional * Quarterly reports, PMC specialties; % staff in each unit trained; % staff paired assessment, institutional with consultants for knowledgetransfer consultant, supervision. * Consultant and supervision reviews * Establish new capabilitiesin P&B, M&E, * Installation and operationof MIS, remote sensing and * ARAPB,consultant reports MIS, etc. communicationequipment and supervisionreview * Training and skill development * No. of courses & study tours completed; Dissemination * MIS, ARAPBs, training & of lessons from study tours (e.g. seminars held, briefing skills development notesprepared, or other means completed) consultant report * Aboveused in job (staff remain in positions, receive * Annual qualitative promotions in specializations,work quality improves) assessment during each ARAPB * Developmentof DOWR to a specialized. * Overall performance relativeto mission and SAR * Above, w/ independent effective state water agency objectives consultant overviews,PMC I______I______asponsoredstate seminars - 407 - Annex23 Page I of 2 ORISSA WATER RESOURCE-S CONSOLDTO PROlC DocumentsAvailable in Project Files W. Plummer(and Orissa IrrigationDepartment/Snowy Mountains Engineering Corporation). InstitutionalStudy Report, October 1993. Orissa Departmentof Water Resources/SnowyMountains Engineering Corporation. Orissa WRCP EnvironmentalAssessment (Revised), March 1995. Orissa Departmentof Water Resources/Euroconsult/DelftHydraulics. OperationalRules for the New Naraj Barrage, June 1995. Orissa IrrigationDepartment/Snowy Mountains Engineering Corporation. Report on Water Chargesfor Major and MediumIrrigation Projects,May 1993. J. McGahan. Orissa WRCP Cost Recovery Report, July 1995. A. K. Dalua & Avay Nayak. Irrigationin Orissa, publishedby Water and Land Management Institute. Resettlement& Rehabilitation/IndigenousPeoples Development Plan Material Governmentof Orissa, Departmentof Water Resources. The Orissa Resettlementand Rehabilitationof Project AffectedPersons Policy: 1994 Socio-EconomicSurveys (SESs) Socio-EconomicSurvey of Baghua IrrigationProject Stage II, Creative ConsultantsPrivate Ltd., June 1995 Socio-EconomicStudy for Preparationof ResettlementAction Plan for HarabhangiIrrigation Project, OperationsResearch Group, Bhubaneswar, December 1993 Socio-EconomicSurvey of PAPs of HariharjoreIrrigation Project, OperationsResearch Group, Bhubaneswar, 1995 Socio-EconomicProfile of Project AffectedPersons of Mahanadi-ChitrotpalaIrrigation Project, Industrial Mgmt. Consultantsof Orissa, June 1995 Socio-EconomicSurvey of PJAPsof Rengali IrrigationProject, OperationsResearch Group, Bhubaneswar, February 1995 Socio-EconomicSurvey of PAPs of Upper Jonk IrrigationProject, DOWR/OperationsResearch Group, Bhubaneswar, 1995 RehabilitationAction Plans (RAPs) RehabilitationAction Plan for PAPs of BadanallaIrrigation Project, DOWR/OperationsResearch Group, Bhubaneswar, 1995 RehabilitationAction Plan of Baghua IrrigationProject (StageII) Draft Report, DOWR/Creative Consultants Private Ltd., June 1995 RehabilitationAction Plan for PAPs of HarabhangiIrrigation Project, DOWR/OperationsResearch Group, Bhubaneswar, 1995 RehabilitationAction Plan for PAPs of HariharjoreIrrigation Project, DOWRJOperationsResearch Group, Bhubaneswar, 1995 RehabilitationAction Plan for Project AffectedPersons of MahanadiChitrotpala Island Irrigation Project, DOWR/IndustrialMgmt. Consultantsof Orissa, June 1995 RehabilitationAction Plan for PAPs of RengaliIrrigation Project (Samal Barrage), - 408 - Annex 23 Page 2 of 2 DOWRJOperations Research Group, Bhubaneswar, 1995 Rehabilitation Action Plan for PAPs of Upper Jonk Irrigation Project, DOWRIOperations Research Group, 1995 Indigenous Peoples Development Plan (IPDP) Indigenous Peoples Development for OWRC Sub Projects, Operations Research Group, Bhubaneswar, 1995 Prof. L. K. Mahapatra. Tribal Rights and Legal Framework and Tribal Life and Culture, September 1995 m : df-1, ~ L'i:~ ~ ~ uJVO v ';: :ciA NiI 9 0-2'- t , tacN;; T'-,V a I 0 N I DV II