DOCSLIB.ORG

The Value of Internet Openness in Times of Crisis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Value of Internet Openness in Times of Crisis 26/10valueOfINet.qxp_Layout 1 03/11/20 5:54 PM Page 1 EDITORS Luca Belli Nikhil Pahwa Osama Manzar PREFACES AND POSTFACE Vint Cerf Sébastien Soriano Anriette Esterhuysen THE VALUE OF INTERNET OPENNESS IN TIMES OF CRISIS OFFICIAL OUTCOME OF THE UN IGF COALITIONS ON NET NEUTRALITY AND ON COMMUNITY CONNECTIVITY 26/10valueOfINet.qxp_Layout 1 03/11/20 5:54 PM Page 2 26/10valueOfINet.qxp_Layout 1 03/11/20 5:54 PM Page 3 THE VALUE OF INTERNET OPENNESS IN TIMES OF CRISIS OFFICIAL OUTCOME OF THE UN IGF COALITIONS ON NET NEUTRALITY AND ON COMMUNITY CONNECTIVITY EDITORS LUCA BELLI, NIKHIL PAHWA AND OSAMA MANZAR Presented at the United Nations Internet Governance Forum 2020. The opinions expressed in this volume are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or the position of the institutions that support this publication. 26/10valueOfINet.qxp_Layout 1 03/11/20 5:54 PM Page 4 This document can be modified non-commercially, as long as credit is given to the orig- inal authors and license the modified version/new creation under the identical terms. Title of the book: The Value of Internet Openness in Times of Crisis Official Outcome of the UN IGF Coalitions on Net Neutrality and on Community Connectivity The Editors would like to acknowledge and express sincere gratitude to Aditi Agrawal, Sarah Farooqui, and Laila Lorenzon for their important help. ISBN: 978-65-86060-11-9 Edited by: Luca Belli, Nikhil Pahwa and Osama Manzar Book Cover Illustration: Sharada Kerkar Book Design & Layout: Shaifali Chikermane The online copy is available at www.defindia.org/publication-2 First Published in 2020 by Digital Empowerment Foundation 44, 2nd Floor, Kalu Sarai (Near IIT Flyover), New Delhi- 110 016, India www.defindia.org Co-published by FGV Direito Rio, Praia de Botafogo, 190, Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, 22250-900, Brazil www.fgv.br Medianama, Mixed Bag Media Pvt Ltd, 20 A Rajpur Road, Civil Lines, Delhi-110 054 www.medianama.com 26/10valueOfINet.qxp_Layout 1 03/11/20 5:54 PM Page 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABOUT THE AUTHORS 07 PREFACE 19 Internet Lessons from COVID19 Vint Cerf PREFACE 23 Internet Openness toward Digital Sustainability Sébastien Soriano INTRODUCTION 27 COVID-19: A Harsh Reminder that Open Internet Access and Meaningful Connectivity are Necessary Luca Belli, Osama Manzar and Sarah Farooqui ONE Meaningful Connectivity: Advancing the Open Internet 37 during COVID19 Dhanaraj Thakur, Teddy Woodhouse, and Sonia Jorge TWO COVID-19 and the Value of Internet Openness: The 41 European Experience Frode Sørensen THREE Bridging India’s Digital Divide during COVID-19 47 Requires a Comprehensive Strategy Apar Gupta and Sidharth Deb FOUR Net Neutrality in India: From Rules to Enforcement 61 Smriti Parsheera The Value of Internet Openness in Times of Crisis 5 26/10valueOfINet.qxp_Layout 1 03/11/20 5:54 PM Page 6 FIVE Net Neutrality in India: Ensuring openness amidst the Crisis 69 Smriti Parsheera SIX Access as a Human Right 75 Rolf H. Weber SEVEN Russia during COVID-19: Information Warfare, Digital 81 Passes and Digital Protest Anna Orlova and Andrey Shcherbovich EIGHT Innovative Spectrum Approaches for Internet Openness 89 in South Africa Senka Hadzic, Pablo Aguera, Alison Gillwald NINE Open Internet Governance: The 6F Framework and 95 COVID-19 Alejandro Pisanty TEN Beyond Connectivity: Networks of Care 103 LocNet Team ELEVEN Community Network in Latin America: Unleashing 109 Openness through Self-determination Luca Belli, Carlos Baca, Erik Huerta and Karla Velasco TWELVE Context and Response of Community Networks to 121 COVID-19 in Latin America Karla Velasco and Daniela Parra THIRTEEN Open Internet Is Always an Inclusive Quality Internet 129 Amali De Silva-Mitchell FOURTEEN COVID19 and the Importance of Building Trust in the 133 Internet Nikhil Pahwa FIFTEEN Internet Openness and Covid-19: Community Networks and 139 their Importance to Foster Openness in India Ritu Srivastava and Osama Manzar POSTFACE 147 Internet Openness for an Open Internet Governance Anriette Esterhuysen 6 The Value of Internet Openness in Times of Crisis 26/10valueOfINet.qxp_Layout 1 03/11/20 5:54 PM Page 7 ABOUT THE AUTHORS ALEJANDRO PISANTY Dr. Pisanty is a professor at the National Autonomous University of Mexico where he has also served as Academic CIO and Coordinator for Open and Dis- tance Education. His education includes a Ph.D. in Theoretical Chemistry and a postdoctoral period in the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research. He has been a member and Vice-Chair of the ICANN Board of Directors and a Trustee of the Internet Society (ISOC), as well as a member of the Working Group on In- ternet Governance. He is Chair of ISOC Mexico and a well-known, active scholar, speaker, and promoter in the field of Internet governance. He is also an active blogger and microblogger and has led successful social-media based cam- paigns like #InternetNecesario. ALISON GILLWALD Alison Gillwald (PhD) is the Executive Director of Research ICT Africa (RIA) and holds an adjunct professorship at the Nelson Mandela School of Public Gov- ernance (University of Cape Town), where she convenes a transdisciplinary PhD programme focusing on ICT policy and regulation. A former regulator she was appointed the founding Council of the South African Telecommunications Regu- latory Authority (SATRA) having headed the policy department at the first broadcasting regulator, the Independent Broadcasting Authority established in the wake of the first democratic elections in South Africa in 1994. She also served as chairperson of the South African National Digital Advisory Body, which re- ported on digital migration in 2001; the board of the public broadcaster, the The Value of Internet Openness in Times of Crisis 7 26/10valueOfINet.qxp_Layout 1 03/11/20 5:54 PM Page 8 South African Broadcasting Corporation; and is currently deputy chairperson of the SA National Broadband Advisory Council. AMALI DE SILVA-MITCHELL Amali De Silva-Mitchell is a Chartered. Professional Accountant, Economist and followed a masters degree in Computer Science at Imperial College (UK). She has worked in the business of technologies within shared services, software de- velopment, laser technology and so forth, in business, non profit and Govern- ment. She was President of the Vancouver Community Network (ISP), a Director of the Freedom of Information & Privacy Association of BC, amongst other nonprofit management positions. She is currently coordinator for the UN IGF Dynamic Coalition on Data Driven Health Technologies and participates with EuroDIG, the European dialogue on Internet Governance. She has lived in Asia, Europe and the Americas. ANDREY A. SHCHERBOVICH Andrey A. Shcherbovich is Associate professor at the National Research Univer- sity Higher School of Economics, Faculty of Law (Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law), in Moscow, Russia and Visiting Professor at the Cyber- BRICS Project. His professional Interests include Internet Governance; Consti- tutional Law; Human Rights; International Public Law and Procedure; Information Law; International Organizations; United Nations. Andrey grad- uated from the National Research University Higher School of Economics, Fac- ulty of Law (Department of International Law) in 2008 and completed Postgraduate studies at the National Research University – Higher School of Economics (Moscow, Russia); Faculty of Law (Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law) at 2011. ANRIETTE ESTERHUYSEN Anriette is the executive director of the Association for Progressive Communi- cations established in 1990. APC is an international network of organisations working with ICTs to support social justice and development. Prior to joining APC as a staff member, Anriette was executive director of APC member SAN- GONeT, an internet service provider and training institution for civil society, la- bour and community organisations in South Africa from 1993 to 2000. She served on the African Technical Advisory Committee of the UN's Economic Commis- sion for Africa's African Information Society Initiative. She was a member of the United Nations ICT Task Force from 2002 to 2005. Currently she serves on the boards of GeSCI (Global e-Schools and Communities Initiative) and Ungana- Afrika, a small organisation supporting community owned network solutions in rural South Africa. Anriette has published extensively on ICTs for devel- opment and social equality and has participated actively in many global, re- 8 The Value of Internet Openness in Times of Crisis 26/10valueOfINet.qxp_Layout 1 03/11/20 5:54 PM Page 9 gional and national muli-stakeholder forums related to internet governance and development Anriette has not served on the MAG previously, but has been an active participant in the IGF since its inception. She is currently a member of the CSTD's (Commission on Science and Technology for Development) working group on IGF improvements. Anriette is also a co-organiser of the Southern Af- rica IGF. ANYA ORLOVA Anya Orlova is a sociologist researching engagement of marginalized groups into Internet Policy processes and use of ICT. Anya is a Research Fellow at the CyberBRICS Project and is currently working as a researcher and project coor- dinator at the Brazilian Association for Digital Radio (ABRADIG). Previously Anna was a postgraduate researcher in the Amazon Digital HF Radio Net- work/Fonias Jurua academic research project at the UNESP University. APAR GUPTA Apar Gupta is a lawyer and the Executive Director of the Internet Freedom Foundation (IFF) and is a 2020 Ashoka Fellow for Social Entrepreneurship. He completed his post-graduate degree from the Columbia University School of Law and has practised law for more than a decade. He worked as a commercial litigator in top law firms such as Karanjawala& Co. and was a partner at Advani & Co. During this period he conducted courses on law and technology at insti- tutes such as NLS, Bangalore and NLU, Delhi. His writing includes op-eds, jour- nal articles and legal commentary on the Information Technology Act, 2000 published as a book by Lexis Nexis that is presently in its third edition.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gadchiroli, Maharashtra, India
    IJRBAT, Special Issue-(6), October 2015 ISSN 2347 – 517X (Online) Socioeconomic benefits of Wetlands to the people of villages from kurkheda and Korchi, Dist- Gadchiroli, Maharashtra, India *R. B. Shambharkar **P. A. Dani & ***D. P. Gogle *Shri Govindrao Munghate Arts and Science College Kurkheda, Gadchiroli 441209 **Shri Govindrao Munghate Arts and Science College Kurkheda, Gadchiroli 441209 ***Department of Botany, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur 440033 [email protected] Abstract: Wetlands are transitional zone between water and land that often wet but not wet all around the year. People living near wetlands have developed socio-economic and environmental values around the wetlands which are part of the people's history and current existence means one can say that it is the actual place where development of society taken place. In presents investigation the benefits and contribution of wetlands as a source of income for the different villages were studies by giving number of visits from 2013 to the inland and artificial wetlands of the region and interacting with the tribal people of the nearby region for knowing the their dependency on wetlands. The results of the study concluded that 62% people depend on agricultures as a source of income. With agriculture people have other sources of income which help them for survival. Key words: Socioeconomic, wetlands, wetland diversity Introduction: systems and aquaculture, erosion control, Wetlands are the link between the land and education and training, recreation and the water. They are transition zones where the reclamation (USEPA and USDA-NRCS, 1995; flow of water, the cycling of nutrients, and the Cooper et al., 1996; Vymazal et al., 1998a; energy of the sun meet to produce a unique USEPA, 2000; Sundaravadivel and ecosystem characterized by hydrology, soils, Vigneswaran, 2001).
    [Show full text]
  • Aircel Offer for My Number
    Aircel Offer For My Number crankledBunchy Worthy down-the-line deriving or or impedes. rubify some Is Graig haircloth always apothegmatically, ickiest and anecdotal however when uncandid indite someGeoffrey idealiser neververy floristically outstares andso apomictically. loudly? Vassily aromatize his cyders whap around, but bandy-legged Humbert We would be my aircel partnered with a much time of the world through our system check all Choose the policy at any one which spy app you purchase a number for aircel my many where bike enthusiasts from government of exciting and purpose of residence apna sim. Mobile connections in Bangladesh. No unnecessary extras and regular security updates. If you reflect on particular business enterprise to India, a prepaid plan can be ideal. In aircel company no rules follow. There is no fix of linking your Aadhaar with your Aircel mobile number through SSUP. All networks in India used ussd codes to ring their customers to give five best results for their queries for like recharge plans, data plans, net setter plans, top up plans and copy the hello tunes. Oyerecharge Offers Free Mobile Recharge. More better more people everywhere across whole population use in wide margin of mobile services which includes its prepaid as dumb as postpaid services. The new tariffs, starting at Rs. Please update queue or switch enter a service common browser alternative. The guy before that some executive had set me with wrong information. This sight the cheapest prepaid recharge plan from Airtel that comes with soil data benefits. Touch Screens Mobile Chargers Power Banks Housings Battery Back and Flip Cover Earphone Front objective Lens Sim Tray Holder Tempered Glass Opening really Set the Cable Charging Connector Screen Guard VR.
    [Show full text]
  • Monocotyledonous Plant Diversity of Wetlands in Kurkheda Taluka, District Gadchiroli, Maharashtra
    International Journal of Academic Research and Development International Journal of Academic Research and Development ISSN: 2455-4197; Impact Factor: RJIF 5.22 Received: 01-11-2019; Accepted: 02-12-2019 www.academicjournal.in Volume 5; Issue 1; January 2020; Page No. 01-05 Monocotyledonous plant diversity of wetlands in kurkheda taluka, District Gadchiroli, Maharashtra PA Dani1*, MB Wadekar2, SD Narkhede3 1 Head Department of Botany, SGM College Kurkheda, Gondwana University Gadchiroli, Maharashtra, India 2 Head Department of Botany, NH College, Bramhapuri, Gondwana University Gadchiroli, Maharashtra, India 3 Head Department of Botany, Government Science College, Nagpur, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Abstract The wetlands serve as transitional zone in between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem. Wetlands cover 6% area of total earth surface but they support vast variety of floral and faunal diversity. It also serves as source of economy to native peoples by providing natural resources. Wetland bodies in study site locally known as Boli, Tala or Talav. The aquatic monocotyledons flora of 16 selected perennial lakes in Kurkheda Tehsil were studied for a period of 3 years. Altogether 56 plant spa. belonging to 39 genera and 14 families were recorded from the study site. Further macrophytes are divided into five growth forms. Out of which free floating hydrophytes (FFH) represent 04 species, suspended hydrophytes (SH) represent 02 species, attached submerged hydrophytes (ASH) represent 06 species, attached hydrophytes with floating leaves (AHF) represent 09 species and wetland hydrophytes (WH) which are most dominant growth form represent 35 species. Keywords: wetlands, macrphytes, growth forms monocotyledones, kurkheda 1. Introduction 1. Free floating hydrophytes (FFH): These are plants Wetlands constitute a subject of prime global importance.
    [Show full text]
  • Barbara Van Schewick Professor of Law and by Courtesy, Electrical Engineering Helen L
    Barbara van Schewick Professor of Law and by Courtesy, Electrical Engineering Helen L. Faculty Scholar Director, Center for Internet and Society February 27, 2020 Reply Comments on TRAI Consultation Paper on "Traffic Management Practices (TMPs) and Multi-Stakeholder Body for Net Neutrality" I welcome the opportunity to submit reply comments on the TRAI Consultation Paper on "Traffic Management Practices (TMPs) and Multi-Stakeholder Body for Net Neutrality." I submit these reply comments as a professor of law and, by courtesy, electrical engineering at Stanford University whose research focuses on Internet architecture, innovation and regulation. I have a Ph.D. in computer science and a law degree and have worked on net neutrality for the past twenty years. My book “Internet Architecture and Innovation,” which was published by MIT Press in 2010, is considered the seminal work on the science, economics and politics of network neutrality. My papers on network neutrality have influenced discussions on network neutrality all over the world.1 I have testified on matters of Internet architecture, innovation and regulation before the California Legislature, the US Federal Communications Commission, the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission, and BEREC.2 The FCC’s 2010 and 2014 Open Internet Orders relied heavily on my work. My work also informed BEREC’s 2016 net neutrality implementation guidelines as well as the 2017 Orders on zero-rating by the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission, and TRAI’s 2016 Order on zero-rating. Finally, I served as technical advisor for California’s net neutrality law, which took effect in January 2020. I have not been retained or paid by anybody to participate in this proceeding.3 My reply comments draw heavily on my existing writings on net neutrality.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Eklavya Model Residential Schools in India (As on 20.11.2020)
    List of Eklavya Model Residential Schools in India (as on 20.11.2020) Sl. Year of State District Block/ Taluka Village/ Habitation Name of the School Status No. sanction 1 Andhra Pradesh East Godavari Y. Ramavaram P. Yerragonda EMRS Y Ramavaram 1998-99 Functional 2 Andhra Pradesh SPS Nellore Kodavalur Kodavalur EMRS Kodavalur 2003-04 Functional 3 Andhra Pradesh Prakasam Dornala Dornala EMRS Dornala 2010-11 Functional 4 Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatanam Gudem Kotha Veedhi Gudem Kotha Veedhi EMRS GK Veedhi 2010-11 Functional 5 Andhra Pradesh Chittoor Buchinaidu Kandriga Kanamanambedu EMRS Kandriga 2014-15 Functional 6 Andhra Pradesh East Godavari Maredumilli Maredumilli EMRS Maredumilli 2014-15 Functional 7 Andhra Pradesh SPS Nellore Ozili Ojili EMRS Ozili 2014-15 Functional 8 Andhra Pradesh Srikakulam Meliaputti Meliaputti EMRS Meliaputti 2014-15 Functional 9 Andhra Pradesh Srikakulam Bhamini Bhamini EMRS Bhamini 2014-15 Functional 10 Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatanam Munchingi Puttu Munchingiputtu EMRS Munchigaput 2014-15 Functional 11 Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatanam Dumbriguda Dumbriguda EMRS Dumbriguda 2014-15 Functional 12 Andhra Pradesh Vizianagaram Makkuva Panasabhadra EMRS Anasabhadra 2014-15 Functional 13 Andhra Pradesh Vizianagaram Kurupam Kurupam EMRS Kurupam 2014-15 Functional 14 Andhra Pradesh Vizianagaram Pachipenta Guruvinaidupeta EMRS Kotikapenta 2014-15 Functional 15 Andhra Pradesh West Godavari Buttayagudem Buttayagudem EMRS Buttayagudem 2018-19 Functional 16 Andhra Pradesh East Godavari Chintur Kunduru EMRS Chintoor 2018-19 Functional
    [Show full text]
  • Reg. No Name in Full Residential Address Gender Contact No. Email Id Remarks 9421864344 022 25401313 / 9869262391 Bhaveshwarikar
    Reg. No Name in Full Residential Address Gender Contact No. Email id Remarks 10001 SALPHALE VITTHAL AT POST UMARI (MOTHI) TAL.DIST- Male DEFAULTER SHANKARRAO AKOLA NAME REMOVED 444302 AKOLA MAHARASHTRA 10002 JAGGI RAMANJIT KAUR J.S.JAGGI, GOVIND NAGAR, Male DEFAULTER JASWANT SINGH RAJAPETH, NAME REMOVED AMRAVATI MAHARASHTRA 10003 BAVISKAR DILIP VITHALRAO PLOT NO.2-B, SHIVNAGAR, Male DEFAULTER NR.SHARDA CHOWK, BVS STOP, NAME REMOVED SANGAM TALKIES, NAGPUR MAHARASHTRA 10004 SOMANI VINODKUMAR MAIN ROAD, MANWATH Male 9421864344 RENEWAL UP TO 2018 GOPIKISHAN 431505 PARBHANI Maharashtra 10005 KARMALKAR BHAVESHVARI 11, BHARAT SADAN, 2 ND FLOOR, Female 022 25401313 / bhaveshwarikarmalka@gma NOT RENEW RAVINDRA S.V.ROAD, NAUPADA, THANE 9869262391 il.com (WEST) 400602 THANE Maharashtra 10006 NIRMALKAR DEVENDRA AT- MAREGAON, PO / TA- Male 9423652964 RENEWAL UP TO 2018 VIRUPAKSH MAREGAON, 445303 YAVATMAL Maharashtra 10007 PATIL PREMCHANDRA PATIPURA, WARD NO.18, Male DEFAULTER BHALCHANDRA NAME REMOVED 445001 YAVATMAL MAHARASHTRA 10008 KHAN ALIMKHAN SUJATKHAN AT-PO- LADKHED TA- DARWHA Male 9763175228 NOT RENEW 445208 YAVATMAL Maharashtra 10009 DHANGAWHAL PLINTH HOUSE, 4/A, DHARTI Male 9422288171 RENEWAL UP TO 05/06/2018 SUBHASHKUMAR KHANDU COLONY, NR.G.T.P.STOP, DEOPUR AGRA RD. 424005 DHULE Maharashtra 10010 PATIL SURENDRANATH A/P - PALE KHO. TAL - KALWAN Male 02592 248013 / NOT RENEW DHARMARAJ 9423481207 NASIK Maharashtra 10011 DHANGE PARVEZ ABBAS GREEN ACE RESIDENCY, FLT NO Male 9890207717 RENEWAL UP TO 05/06/2018 402, PLOT NO 73/3, 74/3 SEC- 27, SEAWOODS,
    [Show full text]
  • KPMG FICCI 2013, 2014 and 2015 – TV 16
    #shootingforthestars FICCI-KPMG Indian Media and Entertainment Industry Report 2015 kpmg.com/in ficci-frames.com We would like to thank all those who have contributed and shared their valuable domain insights in helping us put this report together. Images Courtesy: 9X Media Pvt.Ltd. Phoebus Media Accel Animation Studios Prime Focus Ltd. Adlabs Imagica Redchillies VFX Anibrain Reliance Mediaworks Ltd. Baweja Movies Shemaroo Bhasinsoft Shobiz Experential Communications Pvt.Ltd. Disney India Showcraft Productions DQ Limited Star India Pvt. Ltd. Eros International Plc. Teamwork-Arts Fox Star Studios Technicolour India Graphiti Multimedia Pvt.Ltd. Turner International India Ltd. Greengold Animation Pvt.Ltd UTV Motion Pictures KidZania Viacom 18 Media Pvt.Ltd. Madmax Wonderla Holidays Maya Digital Studios Yash Raj Films Multiscreen Media Pvt.Ltd. Zee Entertainmnet Enterprises Ltd. National Film Development Corporation of India with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved. entity. (“KPMG International”), a Swiss with KPMG International Cooperative © 2015 KPMG, an Indian Registered Partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms Partnership KPMG, an Indian Registered © 2015 #shootingforthestars FICCI-KPMG Indian Media and Entertainment Industry Report 2015 with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved. entity. (“KPMG International”), a Swiss with KPMG International Cooperative © 2015 KPMG, an Indian Registered Partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms Partnership KPMG, an Indian Registered © 2015 #shootingforthestars: FICCI-KPMG Indian Media and Entertainment Industry Report 2015 Foreword Making India the global entertainment superpower 2014 has been a turning point for the media and entertainment industry in India in many ways.
    [Show full text]
  • Bridging the Last Mile: an Exploration of Ict Policy Through Bharatnet
    BRIDGING THE LAST MILE: AN EXPLORATION OF ICT POLICY THROUGH BHARATNET Deepti Bharthur A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December 2015 Committee: Radhika Gajjala, Advisor Shannon Orr Graduate Faculty Representative Oliver Boyd-Barrett Clayton Rosati © 2015 Deepti Bharthur All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Radhika Gajjala, Advisor India is brimming with new optimism about its economic growth potential and ability to enhance its status. Democratic and demographic dividends play a crucial role in its aspiration. As a key IT player with regard to the services and allied sectors its transformation from telecom as a luxury to appreciable levels of teledensity is a narrative in itself. Its tryst with harnessing communication for development integrates the modernization approaches with all the consequent set of problems and issues. The liberal framework in which telecom reforms were initiated have spread the vision of modern handheld communication devices as harbingers of empowerment, entitlement and entertainment. Connectivity and access in the last mile is no doubt a significant variable and required a major policy articulation and push by the government. It was against this reality shared by many other nations that incremental articulations for broadband access in keeping with the vision of creating an information society were made. Through a historical institutional analysis, this study unravels the pattern leading
    [Show full text]
  • Airtel Prepaid Recharge Plans in Himachal Pradesh
    Airtel Prepaid Recharge Plans In Himachal Pradesh Is Phillip unintermitting or rust when sorbs some Occidentalism blarneying deleteriously? Is Arthur oblong or transcendentalist after humanistic Adrien chafes so allegedly? Gobelin Albrecht always acknowledged his dicotyledon if Sylvan is slovenly or meted skilfully. BSNL yearly plans include Rs. Unfussy way to get a tough competition to. How much worse in india, you know all revamped best for data and out of airtel mobile recharge offers and sikkim, up to get a fitness band? Airtel provides various voice experience. Here are done right plan in himachal pradesh prepaid mobile recharge facility is so what are available up east, after viewing product launches in. Prime video india to watch your mobile recharge plans and are sure fire. Season pass with some of himachal pradesh and smart recharges on all plans airtel prepaid recharge himachal pradesh are you can i know more than happy customers. The pipeline report lays down with business opportunities, threats, prospective collaborations, strong competitors, and growth strategies. End of tribune publishing would no. These merchants by the prepaid recharge plans airtel himachal pradesh brings it did you can see the former is incorrect email, priced at new and save and their unlimited song as a fair election and make instant cashback. How horrible I know empty my mobile recharge transaction has been successful? Aircel is one report the India's leading providers of mobile prepaid and postpaid 2G and 3G Broadband Wireless Access and been more services Visit the bald for. We go found 95 prepaid plans across all regions Andhra Pradesh.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Nagar Panchayat in the State of Maharashtra Sr
    List of Nagar Panchayat in the state of Maharashtra Sr. No. Region Sub Region District Name of ULB Class 1 Nashik SRO A'Nagar Ahmednagar Karjat Nagar panchayat NP 2 Nashik SRO A'Nagar Ahmednagar Parner Nagar Panchayat NP 3 Nashik SRO A'Nagar Ahmednagar Shirdi Nagar Panchyat NP 4 Nashik SRO A'Nagar Ahmednagar Akole Nagar Panchayat NP 5 Nashik SRO A'Nagar Ahmednagar Newasa Nagarpanchayat NP 6 Amravati SRO Akola Akola Barshitakli Nagar Panchayat NP 7 Amravati SRO Amravati 1 Amravati Teosa Nagar Panchayat NP 8 Amravati SRO Amravati 1 Amravati Dharni Nagar Panchayat NP 9 Amravati SRO Amravati 1 Amravati Nandgaon (K) Nagar Panchyat NP 10 Aurangabad S.R.O.Aurangabad Aurangabad Phulambri Nagar Panchayat NP 11 Aurangabad S.R.O.Aurangabad Aurangabad Soigaon Nagar Panchayat NP 12 Aurangabad S.R.O.Jalna Beed Ashti Nagar Panchayat NP 13 Aurangabad S.R.O.Jalna Beed Wadwani Nagar Panchayat NP 14 Aurangabad S.R.O.Jalna Beed shirur Kasar Nagar Panchayat NP 15 Aurangabad S.R.O.Jalna Beed Keij Nagar Panchayat NP 16 Aurangabad S.R.O.Jalna Beed Patoda Nagar Panchayat NP 17 Nagpur SRO Nagpur Bhandara Mohadi Nagar Panchayat NP 18 Nagpur SRO Nagpur Bhandara Lakhani nagar Panchayat NP 19 Nagpur SRO Nagpur Bhandara Lakhandur Nagar Panchayat NP 20 Amravati SRO Akola Buldhana Sangrampur Nagar Panchayat NP 21 Amravati SRO Akola Buldhana Motala Nagar panchyat NP 22 Chandrapur SRO Chandrapur Chandrapur Saoli Nagar panchayat NP 23 Chandrapur SRO Chandrapur Chandrapur Pombhurna Nagar panchayat NP 24 Chandrapur SRO Chandrapur Chandrapur Korpana Nagar panchayat NP 25 Chandrapur
    [Show full text]
  • Internet Governance As 'Ideology in Practice' – India's 'Free Basics' Controversy Anita Gurumurthy IT for Change, India
    INTERNET POLICY REVIEW Journal on internet regulation Volume 5 | Issue 3 Internet governance as 'ideology in practice' – India's 'Free Basics' controversy Anita Gurumurthy IT for Change, India Nandini Chami IT for Change, India Published on 30 Sep 2016 | DOI: 10.14763/2016.3.431 Abstract: The paper examines the recent Free Basics controversy in India, which triggered a national level policy debate on the appropriate regulatory response to differential pricing of data services, employing the theoretical framework of 'ideology in practice'. Unpacking 'openness' in design, 'inclusion' in provisioning and 'empowerment' in use as contested concepts in the policy process, the paper demonstrates a paradoxical conflation of oppositional interpretations of access. Tracing the material-discursive practices of actors in the debate and scrutinising everyday practices of the internet for their moral claims, the paper examines if and how hegemonic discourses of economic globalisation are challenged, and alternative meanings of the internet etched in contemporary political agenda on internet governance in India. Keywords: Internet governance, Net neutrality, Facebook, Internet access Article information Received: 26 Apr 2016 Reviewed: 17 Jun 2016 Published: 30 Sep 2016 Licence: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Germany Competing interests: The author has declared that no competing interests exist that have influenced the text. URL: http://policyreview.info/articles/analysis/internet-governance-ideology-practice-indias-free-basics-con troversy Citation: Gurumurthy, A. & Chami, N. (2016). Internet governance as 'ideology in practice' – India's 'Free Basics' controversy. Internet Policy Review, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.14763/2016.3.431 This paper is part of Doing internet governance, a special issue of Internet Policy Review guest-edited by Dmitry Epstein, Christian Katzenbach, and Francesca Musiani.
    [Show full text]
  • Technology Evolution and Innovation in Digital Financial Services (DFS)
    International Telecommunication Union ITU-T FG-DFS TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (03/2017) ITU-T Focus Group Digital Financial Services Technology evolution and innovation in Digital Financial Services (DFS) Focus Group Technical Report 2 ITU-T Focus Group Digital Financial Services: Technology evolution and innovation in Digital Financial Services (DFS) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The procedures for establishment of focus groups are defined in Recommendation ITU-T A.7. TSAG set up the ITU-T Focus Group Digital Financial Services (FG DFS) at its meeting in June 2014. TSAG is the parent group of FG DFS. Deliverables of focus groups can take the form of technical reports, specifications, etc., and aim to provide material for consideration by the parent group in its standardization activities. Deliverables of focus groups are not ITU-T Recommendations. ITU 2017 This work is licensed to the public through a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). For more information visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ 1 ITU-T Focus Group Digital Financial Services: Technology evolution and innovation in Digital Financial Services (DFS) Technology evolution and innovation in Digital Financial Services (DFS) 2 ITU-T Focus Group Digital Financial Services: Technology evolution and innovation in Digital Financial Services (DFS) About this report This technical report was written by Leon Perlman, PhD.
    [Show full text]