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Caribbean Food Crops Society CARIBBEAN FOOD CROPS SOCIETY SERVING THE CARIBBEAN SINCE 1963 CARIBBEAN FOOD CROPS SOCIETY 34th Annual Meeting 1998 Rural Agricultural DevelopmentAuthority Ministry ofAgriculture, Jamaica "Enhancing RegionalFood Security andExports- by Integrating National Strategies" ..Jj\lVIAICA VOL. XXXIV PROCEEDINGS OFTHE 34THANNUAL MEETING 12~18 JULY 1998 PROCEEDINGS EDITED BY RICHARD HARRISON AND FLORENCE A. YOUNG PUBLISHED BY THE CARIBBEAN FOOD CROPS SOCIETY i © Caribbean Food Crops Society, 1998 ISSN 95-07-0410 Copies of this publication may be obtained from: Secretariat, CFCS c/o University of the Virgin Islands VI Cooperative Extension Service Route 02, Box 10,000 Kingshill, St. Croix US Virgin Islands 00850 or from: CFCS Treasurer P.O. Box 506 Isabela, Puerto Rico 00663 Fax: (787) 830-3721 Mention of company and trade names does not imply endorsement by the Caribbean Food Crops Society. The Caribbean Food Crops Society is not responsible for statements and opinions advanced in its meeting or printed in its Proceedings: they represent the views of the indi- viduals to whom they are credited and are not binding on the Society as a whole. 11 l>roceediDgs or the 34'" Auual Meeting 1998 • Caribbean Food Crops Society TABLE OF 4CONTENTS Preface vii AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION· STRJl,.TEGIES / IMPROVEMENT STRATEGY FOR AGRICULTURALRESEAJRCH DEVELOPMENT IN JAMAICA 1 AND THE CARIBBEAN FOR 2000 AND BEYOND Charles A. Panton andTerrence w: Thomas NEED TO RESTRUCTURE TIlE JAMAICAN' DAIRY SECTOR 8 Jack Bailey and Ram Aneja PASSION FRUIT EVALUATION INTBE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS 11 Thomas w: Zimmerman andJacqueline A. Kowalski REVIVAL OF COMMERCIAL DIOSCOREA AUTA CV. WIllTE LISBON (YAM) 16 PRODUCTION IN BARBADOS. Angela T. Alleyne. Leonard w: o 'Garro and Michael Grant EVALUATION OF PAPAYA GERM PLASMIN TIlE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS 24 J.A Kowalski and T.w: Zimmerman A PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF THE IMPORTED BREADFRUIT 29 GERMPLASM AT TIlE UNIVERISTY OF TElE WEST INDIES, TRINIDAD Laura B. Roberts-Nkrumah EVALUATION OF FOUR OPEN-POLLINATED AVRDC TOMATO CULTIVARS 34 UNDER JAMAICAN CONDmONS. Carla Bucknor and Don McGlashan CROP PRODUCTION (GENERAL) THE INFLUENCE OF MULCH TYPE ON YIELD OF PARSLEY AND CIDVE 40 PRODUCTION IN TIlE U.S. VIRGIN ISLAN)S. -SMA. Crossman andM C. Palada PRODUCING POTTED POINSETTIAS FOR CHRISTMAS IN THE VIRGIN 46 ISLANDS. C. Ramcharan andA. Bulbul/a PLANTING DENSITY AFFECTS GROWTH AND YIELD OF BUSHOKRA 52 Manuel C. Palada andStafford MA. Crossman 11l PrOCftdiap or Ilbe 34~ An••al Meeting1998- Caribbean Food Crops Society COMPARISON OFTRANSPLANTING AND DIRECT SEEDINGTECHNOLOGY S8 FORFOUR ONION CULTIVARS Edward A. Biney DETERMINING THE MOST OPTIMALTIME FOR HARVESTING DASHEEN 62 (Colocasia esclllenla(L.) Schott var, escllienta) CORMSGROWN IN CONTRASTING AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONES OF DOMINICA Gregory Robin and Theodore Ferguson BREEDING ANTHURIUMS (AnthUTiums andreanum L..) FOR RESISTANCE 67 TO BACTERIAL BLIGHT CAUSED BY XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRlS PV DlEFFEN-BACHlAE Guy Anais, Armelle Darasse and Philippe Prior AN IMPROVED PROTOCOL FOR ANTHURIUM CALLUS INDUCTION 72 Lilla Paulraj AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT" ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES PRELIMINARY FINDINGS ON THE EFFICACY OF THREE HOUSEHOLD 76 DISINFECTANTS TO SUPPRESSANTHURIUMDECLINE DaveG. Hutton CROP PRODUCTION - NUTRITION / SOIL FERTILITY DRY WEIGIIT ACCUMULATION AND NUTRIENT lJPTAKE BY ARRACACIIA 81 GROWN UNDER CONTROLLED CONDmONS Carlos E. Ortiz, Essau Orengo-Santiago andNilsa M Acin NITROGENRELEASE FROMBIOSOLIDSAPPLIEDTO SANDY SOIL AMENDED 8S wrm LIME Rosa M Muchovej andJ. E. Rechcig INFLUENCE OF SALINITY ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY 89 OF AMARANTllUSDUBlUS ICALLALOOI AND CAP,rSCUM CHINESE VAR. SCOTCII BONNET. Sasikala D.P. Pot/uri and P. V. Devi Persad PEANUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) GROWTH AND YIELD USING THE NUTRIENT 9S FILM TECIINIQUE. D.G. Morlley. J.H. Hi/l. A.A. Trotman. P.A. Loretan, C.K Bonsi. W:A. HiI/, andC.E. Morris UTILIZATION OF PHOSPHOGVPSUM ON PASTIJRE GRASSES J. E. Rechcigl, 1 S. Alcordo, R. C. LittellandC. E. Roessler EFFECTSOFFERTILIZERAND GOATMANURE ONI NUTRIENT PRODUCTION 102 OF KING GRASS F.H Asiedu. A.L. Fearon andJ.M Seaton iv froceedillp or the 34" ADDUIl) Meeting 1998- CaribbeaD Food Crops Soeiety PRELIMINARY STIJDY INTO NUTRlENTEFFEcr ON PLANT GROWTH, 109 PRODUCTION AND SELECTED PESTS AND DISEASES INCIDENCE IN SCOTCH BONNET PEPPER R. D. Martin, J. L Lindsay, F. Eivazi, M Smith and D. McGlashan AGRO-INDUSTRY / MARKETING EVALUATION OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMrCAL CHARACTERISTICS OF 117 PARVINAND TOMMYATKINSMANGOS AND A PULP PRODUcr Idamarie Santiago-Quiiiones, Edna Negron de Bravo,Arturo cedeiio-Maldonado and Guilldermo ColOn-Burgos FOOD VALORIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES 132 B. Ganou-Parfaitand L. Fahrasmane QUALITY CHANGES IN CHILI PLUMS (Spondias purpurea L) DURING 135 STORAGE Owen S. Graham, Majeed MohammedandLynda D. Wickham PARTICIPATORY TECHNOLOGY DEVEI,OPMENT IN A MARKET- DRIVEN 144 ENVIRONMENT -A Case Study 00 Marilissn Farms Norman R. Gibson and Rishi K Basdeo ELIMINATION ENZYMATIQUE DE L'AMIDON DANS LA PULPE DE PRUNE 154 DE CYTIIERE(SpondiDsdulcis) VERTE APP]LICATIONPOURLA PRODUCTION DENECfAR Sonia Eugene andOdile Marcelin Francois-Haugrin ANIMAL PRODUCTION DEFOLIATION MANAGEMENT EFF'lCTSj' ON TROPICAL GRASS~LEGUME 160 YIELD, QUALITY AND PERSISTENCE. I.l,OW RAINFALL SITE. MB. Adjei, W.F. Brown, E. Valencia, K Boatengand P. Flemming STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE BROILER. MEAT PRODUCTION DURING 165 SUMMERHEAT STRESS Michael 0. Smith THEIMPACfOF IMPROVED BREEDS ON GOAT PRODUCTION INJAMAICA 171 Albert L. Fearon, Francis H Asiedu and Julian 1.1. Seaton LAYING THE FOUNDATION FOR GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF THE 180 JAMAICAN GOAT: SELECTION AND PERJ~ORMANCE OF IMPORTED BOER GOAT SEED STOCK Dalton R. McWhinney, Louis C. Nuti, FreddieL Richards, AlfredL.Parks,DavidL. Miller. Albert L. Fearon, LudlowA. McWhinney, and Paul Jennings v Proceedings or tbe341Jo Anaual M«tiag 1998 - Caribbean FoodCrops Soc:iety THE IMPACT OF HIGH ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE ON 185 AFLATOXICOSIS AND THE EF}~ECTS OF MANNANOLIGOSACCHARIDE (MOS) AS A BJNDING AGENT Victor G. Stanley. Georgia Jones and Clive Quarrie ADAPTABILITY OF THE ANGLO-NUBIAN GOAT AS MEASURED BY IT'S 191 REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS IN A NUCLEUS IDi:RD. David Miller PERFORMANCETESTINGIN BEEF CATTLE IMPROVEMENTPROGRAMMES 196 Jasmin Holness PEST MANAGEMENT WEED POPULATION RESPONSES TO HERBICIDE-CROP ROTATIONS 202 Maria de L. Lugo, Wanda I. Lugo, Felix M Roman andAgenol Gonzalez WEED MANAGEMENT IN DRY BEANS IN PUERTO RICO 206 N. Semidey, E. Acevedo, and L. E. Fiores AMERICAN FOULBROOD DISEASE AND OTHER BEE PESTS IN THE 209 CARffiBEAN WITn SPECIFIC EMPHASIS ON JAMAICA. !lugh A. Smith TIlE EFFECT OF TOBACCO ETCH VIRUS ON TIlE GRO~HAND YIELD OF 216 TWO PEPPER (Capsicum chinense) VARIETIES Lisa Myers. Raymond Martin and Sharon McDonald OUTBREAK OF GINGER (Zingiher officinale Rose.) RHIZOME ROT IN TIlE 220 MA.JOR GROWING AREAS OF JAMAICA Phillip Chung IDENTIFICATION OF MAJOR PESTS AND A SAMPLING PLAN FOR 229 LEPIDOPTERA LARVAE INAMARANTHUS VIRIDIS (CALLALOO) IN JAMAICA D.o. Clarke-Harris and S. J. Fleischer DISTRmUTION AND INCIDENCE OF A NEW PEST (DIPTERA: 237 CECIDOMYIIDAE) IN WESTERN PARISHES OF JAMAICA Raymond Martin. Janet Lawrence and Frank McDonald INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT OF THE SWiEET-POTATO WEEVIL: 242 A Pilot Study io Soutb Ceotral Jamaica J. Lawrence. J. Bohac andS. Fleischer APPROACHES TO MANAGING CITRUS TRISTEZA VIRUS (CTV) DISEASE 246 IN JAMAICA. Fabian Edman and Florence A. Young TIlE SCREWWORM AS A PEST IN TIlE CARIBBEAN AND PLANS FOR ITS 250 ERADICATION FROM JAMAICA AND THE OTHE1R INFESTED ISLANDS USING THE STERILE INSEcr TECHNIQUE (SIT) George R Grant. J. Wendell Snow. Molses Vargas Teran and C. Laz0TU3 VI Procec:dinp of die 3.... ADDual Meding 1"8 ~ CaribHan Food Crops Society PREFACE The Thirty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the Caribbean Food Crops Society was jointly held with the Jamaican Society for Agricultural Sciences and from reports received, it was a huge success. It was indeed an honour for Jamaica to host the conference and to welcome more than one hundred visitors and friends to our shores for this meeting. The Secretariat and Planning Committee was housed in the Rural Agricultural Development Authority, the extension agency ofthe Ministry ofAgriculture. The feature lecture entitled "Enhancing Food Security" was presented by Dr. Edward Wilson of the United States Department ofAgriculture (USDA) and a panel discussion was held on the theme ofthe meeting "Enhancing Regional Food Security and Exports by Integrating National Strategies". The distinguished panelists represented organizations such as the Inter-AmericanInstitute for Cooperation on Agriculture (DCA), Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDl), the University of the West Indies (UWI) and the Caribbean Common Market (CARICOM). The technical papers presented at the meeting are documented in this proceeding. Papers are grouped into seven technical areas namely: • Agricultural Production (Strategies/Improvement) • Crop Production (General) • Crop Production (Nutrition, Soil Fertility) • Agricultural Development (Environmental Issues) • Agro Industry/Marketing • Animal Production • Pest Management A wide range of areas was covered from crop and animal production systems to environmental and pest management issues. In general, the papers documented the current research ofimportant issues in agriculture in the Caribbean Basin and were generally well received, The emergenee ofnew and exotic pest diseases in the Caribbean was reflected in the number ofpapers on
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