Quality-Driven Variable Frame-Rate for Green Video Coding In
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MPEG Video in Software: Representation, Transmission, and Playback
High Speed Networking and Multimedia Computing, IS&T/SPIE Symp. on Elec. Imaging Sci. & Tech., San Jose, CA, February 1994. MPEG Video in Software: Representation, Transmission, and Playback Lawrence A. Rowe, Ketan D. Patel, Brian C Smith, and Kim Liu Computer Science Division - EECS University of California Berkeley, CA 94720 ([email protected]) Abstract A software decoder for MPEG-1 video was integrated into a continuous media playback system that supports synchronized playing of audio and video data stored on a file server. The MPEG-1 video playback system supports forward and backward play at variable speeds and random positioning. Sending and receiving side heuristics are described that adapt to frame drops due to network load and the available decoding capacity of the client workstation. A series of experiments show that the playback system adds a small overhead to the stand alone software decoder and that playback is smooth when all frames or very few frames can be decoded. Between these extremes, the system behaves reasonably but can still be improved. 1.0 Introduction As processor speed increases, real-time software decoding of compressed video is possible. We developed a portable software MPEG-1 video decoder that can play small-sized videos (e.g., 160 x 120) in real-time and medium-sized videos within a factor of two of real-time on current workstations [1]. We also developed a system to deliver and play synchronized continuous media streams (e.g., audio, video, images, animation, etc.) on a network [2].Initially, this system supported 8kHz 8-bit audio and hardware-assisted motion JPEG compressed video streams. -
Video Quality Assessment Using Spatio-Velocity Contrast Sensitivity Function
IEICE TRANS. INF. & SYST., VOL.Exx–??, NO.xx XXXX 200x 1 PAPER Video Quality Assessment using Spatio-Velocity Contrast Sensitivity Function Keita HIRAI †a) , Jambal TUMURTOGOO †, Student Members , Ayano KIKUCHI †, Nonmember , Norimichi TSUMURA †, Toshiya NAKAGUCHI †, and Yoichi MIYAKE †† , Members SUMMARY Due to the development and popularization of ever the cost of a subjective evaluation is expensive high-definition televisions, digital video cameras, Blu-ray discs, and it is not an appropriate way for a versatile VQA digital broadcasting, IP television and so on, it plays an impor- method. On the other hand, an objective VQA method tant role to identify and quantify video quality degradations. In this paper, we propose SV-CIELAB which is an objective video is not expensive compared with subjective methods. In quality assessment (VQA) method using a spatio-velocity con- general, factors of image quality in objective evalua- trast sensitivity function (SV-CSF). In SV-CIELAB, motion in- tions are quantified by the criteria such as sharpness, formation in videos is effectively utilized for filtering unnecessary color reproduction, tone reproduction and noise char- information in the spatial frequency domain. As the filter to apply videos, we used the SV-CSF. It is a modulation trans- acteristics. The simplest and most widely used image fer function of the human visual system, and consists of the re- quality assessment (IQA) method is the mean square lationship among contrast sensitivities, spatial frequencies and error (MSE) or peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). But velocities of perceived stimuli. In the filtering process, the SV- they are not very well correlated with perceived visual CSF cannot be directly applied in the spatial frequency domain quality [1-5]. -
User Manual 1.8 MB
USER MANUAL Gaming Monitor C49HG90DM* The color and the appearance may differ depending on the product, and the specifications are subject to change without prior notice to improve the performance. The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice to improve quality. © Samsung Electronics Samsung Electronics owns the copyright for this manual. Use or reproduction of this manual in parts or entirety without the authorization of Samsung Electronics is prohibited. Trademarks other than that of Samsung Electronics are owned by their respective owners. • An administration fee may be charged if either ‒ (a) an engineer is called out at your request and there is no defect in the product (i.e. where you have failed to read this user manual). ‒ (b) you bring the unit to a repair center and there is no defect in the product (i.e. where you have failed to read this user manual). • The amount of such administration charge will be advised to you before any work or home visit is carried out. Table of contents Before Using the Product Connecting and Using a Source Device Game Securing the Installation Space 4 Pre-connection Checkpoints 21 Picture Mode 27 Precautions for storage 4 Connecting and Using a PC 21 Refresh Rate 28 Safety Precautions 4 Connection Using the HDMI Cable 21 Black Equalizer 28 Symbols 4 Connection Using the DP Cable 21 Cleaning 5 Connection Using the MINI DP Cable 22 Response Time 28 Electricity and Safety 5 Connecting to Headphones 22 Installation 6 Connecting to Microphone 22 FreeSync 29 Operation 7 Connection Using -
HERO6 Black Manual
USER MANUAL 1 JOIN THE GOPRO MOVEMENT facebook.com/GoPro youtube.com/GoPro twitter.com/GoPro instagram.com/GoPro TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Your HERO6 Black 6 Time Lapse Mode: Settings 65 Getting Started 8 Time Lapse Mode: Advanced Settings 69 Navigating Your GoPro 17 Advanced Controls 70 Map of Modes and Settings 22 Connecting to an Audio Accessory 80 Capturing Video and Photos 24 Customizing Your GoPro 81 Settings for Your Activities 26 Important Messages 85 QuikCapture 28 Resetting Your Camera 86 Controlling Your GoPro with Your Voice 30 Mounting 87 Playing Back Your Content 34 Removing the Side Door 5 Using Your Camera with an HDTV 37 Maintenance 93 Connecting to Other Devices 39 Battery Information 94 Offloading Your Content 41 Troubleshooting 97 Video Mode: Capture Modes 45 Customer Support 99 Video Mode: Settings 47 Trademarks 99 Video Mode: Advanced Settings 55 HEVC Advance Notice 100 Photo Mode: Capture Modes 57 Regulatory Information 100 Photo Mode: Settings 59 Photo Mode: Advanced Settings 61 Time Lapse Mode: Capture Modes 63 YOUR HERO6 BLACK YOUR HERO6 BLACK 1 2 4 4 3 11 2 12 5 9 6 13 7 8 4 10 4 14 6 1. Shutter Button [ ] 6. Latch Release Button 10. Speaker 2. Camera Status Light 7. USB-C Port 11. Mode Button [ ] 3. Camera Status Screen 8. Micro HDMI Port 12. Battery 4. Microphone (cable not included) 13. microSD Card Slot 5. Side Door 9. Touch Display 14. Battery Door For information about mounting items that are included in the box, see Mounting (page 87). -
The Evolutionof Premium Vascular Ultrasound
Ultrasound EPIQ 5 The evolution of premium vascular ultrasound Philips EPIQ 5 ultrasound system The new challenges in global healthcare Unprecedented advances in premium ultrasound performance can help address the strains on overburdened hospitals and healthcare systems, which are continually being challenged to provide a higher quality of care cost-effectively. The goal is quick and accurate diagnosis the first time and in less time. Premium ultrasound users today demand improved clinical information from each scan, faster and more consistent exams that are easier to perform, and allow for a high level of confidence, even for technically difficult patients. 2 Performance More confidence in your diagnoses even for your most difficult cases EPIQ 5 is the new direction for premium vascular ultrasound, featuring an exceptional level of clinical performance to meet the challenges of today’s most demanding practices. Our most powerful architecture ever applied to vascular ultrasound EPIQ performance touches all aspects of acoustic acquisition and processing, allowing you to truly experience the evolution to a more definitive modality. Carotid artery bulb Superficial varicose veins 3 The evolution in premium vascular ultrasound Supported by our family of proprietary PureWave transducers and our leading-edge Anatomical Intelligence, this platform offers our highest level of premium performance. Key trends in global ultrasound • The need for more definitive premium • A demand to automate most operator ultrasound with exceptional image functions -
A Deblocking Filter Hardware Architecture for the High Efficiency
A Deblocking Filter Hardware Architecture for the High Efficiency Video Coding Standard Cláudio Machado Diniz1, Muhammad Shafique2, Felipe Vogel Dalcin1, Sergio Bampi1, Jörg Henkel2 1Informatics Institute, PPGC, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil 2Chair for Embedded Systems (CES), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany {cmdiniz, fvdalcin, bampi}@inf.ufrgs.br; {muhammad.shafique, henkel}@kit.edu Abstract—The new deblocking filter (DF) tool of the next encoder configuration: (i) Random Access (RA) configuration1 generation High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard is with Group of Pictures (GOP) equal to 8 (ii) Intra period2 for one of the most time consuming algorithms in video decoding. In each video sequence is defined as in [8] depending upon the order to achieve real-time performance at low-power specific frame rate of the video sequence, e.g. 24, 30, 50 or 60 consumption, we developed a hardware accelerator for this filter. frames per second (fps); (iii) each sequence is encoded with This paper proposes a high throughput hardware architecture four different Quantization Parameter (QP) values for HEVC deblocking filter employing hardware reuse to QP={22,27,32,37} as defined in the HEVC Common Test accelerate filtering decision units with a low area cost. Our Conditions [8]. Fig. 1 shows the accumulated execution time architecture achieves either higher or equivalent throughput (in % of total decoding time) of all functions included in C++ (4096x2048 @ 60 fps) with 5X-6X lower area compared to state- class TComLoopFilter that implement the DF in HEVC of-the-art deblocking filter architectures. decoder software. DF contributes to up to 5%-18% to the total Keywords—HEVC coding; Deblocking Filter; Hardware decoding time, depending on video sequence and QP. -
Analysis of Video Compression Using DCT
Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-3, 2017 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in Analysis of Video Compression using DCT Pranavi Patil1, Sanskruti Patil2 & Harshala Shelke3 & Prof. Anand Sankhe4 1,2,3 Bachelor of Engineering in computer, Mumbai University 4Proffessor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Mumbai University Maharashtra, India Abstract: Video is most useful media to represent the where in order to get the best possible compression great information. Videos, images are the most efficiency, it considers certain level of distortion. essential approaches to represent data. Now this year, all the communications are done on such ii. Lossless Compression: media. The central problem for the media is its large The lossless compression technique is generally size. Also this large data contains a lot of redundant focused on the decreasing the compressed output information. The huge usage of digital multimedia video' bit rate without any alteration of the frame. leads to inoperable growth of data flow through The decompressed bit-stream is matching to the various mediums. Now a days, to solve the problem original bit-stream. of bandwidth requirement in communication, multimedia data is a big challenge. The main 2. Video Compression concept in the present paper is about the Discrete The main unit behind the video compression Cosine Transform (DCT) algorithm for compressing approach is the video encoder found at the video's size. Keywords: Compression, DCT, PSNR, transmitter side, which encodes the video that is to be MSE, Redundancy. transmitted in form of bits and also the video decoder positioned at the receiver side, which rebuild the Keywords: Compression, DCT, PSNR, MSE, video in its original form based on the bit sequence Redundancy. -
Contrast-Enhanced High-Frame-Rate Ultrasound Imaging of Flow Patterns in Cardiac Chambers and Deep Vessels
Delft University of Technology Contrast-Enhanced High-Frame-Rate Ultrasound Imaging of Flow Patterns in Cardiac Chambers and Deep Vessels Vos, Hendrik J.; Voorneveld, Jason D.; Groot Jebbink, Erik; Leow, Chee Hau; Nie, Luzhen; van den Bosch, Annemien E.; Tang, Meng Xing; Freear, Steven; Bosch, Johan G. DOI 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.07.022 Publication date 2020 Document Version Final published version Published in Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology Citation (APA) Vos, H. J., Voorneveld, J. D., Groot Jebbink, E., Leow, C. H., Nie, L., van den Bosch, A. E., Tang, M. X., Freear, S., & Bosch, J. G. (2020). Contrast-Enhanced High-Frame-Rate Ultrasound Imaging of Flow Patterns in Cardiac Chambers and Deep Vessels. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 46(11), 2875-2890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.07.022 Important note To cite this publication, please use the final published version (if applicable). Please check the document version above. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons. Takedown policy Please contact us and provide details if you believe this document breaches copyrights. We will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. This work is downloaded from Delft University of Technology. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to a maximum of 10. ARTICLE IN PRESS Ultrasound in Med. -
Video Coding Standards
Module 8 Video Coding Standards Version 2 ECE IIT, Kharagpur Lesson 23 MPEG-1 standards Version 2 ECE IIT, Kharagpur Lesson objectives At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to : 1. Enlist the major video coding standards 2. State the basic objectives of MPEG-1 standard. 3. Enlist the set of constrained parameters in MPEG-1 4. Define the I- P- and B-pictures 5. Present the hierarchical data structure of MPEG-1 6. Define the macroblock modes supported by MPEG-1 23.0 Introduction In lesson 21 and lesson 22, we studied how to perform motion estimation and thereby temporally predict the video frames to exploit significant temporal redundancies present in the video sequence. The error in temporal prediction is encoded by standard transform domain techniques like the DCT, followed by quantization and entropy coding to exploit the spatial and statistical redundancies and achieve significant video compression. The video codecs therefore follow a hybrid coding structure in which DPCM is adopted in temporal domain and DCT or other transform domain techniques in spatial domain. Efforts to standardize video data exchange via storage media or via communication networks are actively in progress since early 1980s. A number of international video and audio standardization activities started within the International Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT), followed by the International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR), and the International Standards Organization / International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC). An experts group, known as the Motion Pictures Expects Group (MPEG) was established in 1988 in the framework of the Joint ISO/IEC Technical Committee with an objective to develop standards for coded representation of moving pictures, associated audio, and their combination for storage and retrieval of digital media. -
Flow Imaging LOGIQ E10 Series
WHITEPAPER Flow Imaging LOGIQ E10 Series Introduction Ultrasound can be a highly desirable imaging tool to assess flow hemodynamics due to its lack of ionizing radiation, real-time nature, portability, and economy. To address the wide-ranging clinical needs of various specialties, GE Healthcare has made a variety of flow technologies available on the LOGIQ™ E10 Series ultrasound systems, including: • Color Flow • Power Doppler Imaging • Microvascular Imaging • Radiantflow™ • B-Flow™ Imaging This paper will review the technical aspects and clinical benefits of each flow technology. Color Flow Introduction The color flow (CF) mode allows the visualization of flow direction Figure 1 shows CF (light blue, inside the ROI) and background and velocity information within the region of interest (ROI), B-Mode (gray), which are generated by separated transmit (Tx) or color box, defined by the operator. The Doppler shifts waveforms and received (Rx) echoes. The entire CF frame is of returning ultrasound waves within the ROI are color-coded created by overlaying CF information onto the background B-Mode. based on average velocity and direction. A wall motion filter (WMF) is always applied to differentiate true flow and clutter. How CF Works Similar to Pulsed Wave (PW) Doppler, CF utilizes intermittent Tx* & Rx sampling of ultrasound waves, and avoids the range ambiguity of Continuous Wave (CW) Doppler. Flow is depicted in blue when traveling away from the transducer (negative Doppler shift), while flow traveling toward the transducer (positive Doppler shift) is depicted in red. Lighter shades of each color denote higher velocities. The areas of high flow turbulence are depicted in a third color. -
Video Source File Specifications
Video Source File Specifications Limelight recommends the following specifications for all video source files. Adherence to these specifications will result in optimal playback quality and efficient uploading to your account. Edvance360 Best Practices Videos should be under 1 Gig for best results (download speed and mobile devices), but our limit per file is 2 Gig for Lessons MP4 is the optimum format for uploading videos Compress the video to resolution of 1024 x 768 Limelight does compress the video, but it's best if it's done on the original file A resolution is 1080p or less is recommended Recommended frame rate is 30fps Note: The maximum file size for Introduction Videos in Courses is 50MB. This is located in Courses > Settings > Details > Introduction Video. Ideal Source File In general, a source file that represents the following will produce the best results: MP4 file (H.264/ACC-LC) Fast Start (MOOV atom at the front of file) Progressive scan (no interlacing) Frame rate of 24 (23.98), 25, or 30 (29.97) fps A Bitrate between 5,000 - 8,000 Kbps 720p resolution Detailed Recommendations The table below provides detailed recommendations (CODECs, containers, Bitrates, resolutions, etc.) for all video source material uploaded to a Limelight Account: Source File Element Recommendations Video CODEC Recommended CODEC: H.264 Accepted but not Recommended: MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, VP6, VP5, H.263, Windows Media Video 7 (WMV1), Windows Media Video 8 (WMV2), Windows Media Video 9 (WMV3) Audio CODEC Recommended CODEC: AAC-LC Accepted but not Recommended: MP3, MP2, WMA, WMA Pro, PCM, WAV Container MP4 Source File Element Recommendations Fast-Start Make sure your source file is created with the 'MOOV atom' at the front of the file. -
Mobile Tv: a Technical and Economic Comparison Of
MOBILE TV: A TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC COMPARISON OF BROADCAST, MULTICAST AND UNICAST ALTERNATIVES AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR CABLE Michael Eagles, UPC Broadband Tim Burke, Liberty Global Inc. Abstract We provide a toolkit for the MSO to assess the technical options and the economics of each. The growth of mobile user terminals suitable for multi-media consumption, combined Mobile TV is not a "one-size-fits-all" with emerging mobile multi-media applications opportunity; the implications for cable depend on and the increasing capacities of wireless several factors including regional and regulatory technology, provide a case for understanding variations and the competitive situation. facilities-based mobile broadcast, multicast and unicast technologies as a complement to fixed In this paper, we consider the drivers for mobile line broadcast video. TV, compare the mobile TV alternatives and assess the mobile TV business model. In developing a view of mobile TV as a compliment to cable broadcast video; this paper EVALUATING THE DRIVERS FOR MOBILE considers the drivers for future facilities-based TV mobile TV technology, alternative mobile TV distribution platforms, and, compares the Technology drivers for adoption of facilities- economics for the delivery of mobile TV based mobile TV that will be considered include: services. Innovation in mobile TV user terminals - the We develop a taxonomy to compare the feature evolution and growth in mobile TV alternatives, and explore broadcast technologies user terminals, availability of chipsets and such as DVB-H, DVH-SH and MediaFLO, handsets, and compression algorithms, multicast technologies such as out-of-band and Availability of spectrum - the state of mobile in-band MBMS, and unicast or streaming broadcast standardization, licensing and platforms.