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Handbook for Railroad Noise Measurement and Analysis 6

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Handbook for Railroad Noise Measurement and Analysis 6 U.S. Department of Transportation Handbook for Railroad Noise Federal Railroad Measurement and Analysis Administration October 2009 Prepared for Prepared by U.S. Department of Transportation U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Railroad Administration John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Office of Safety Environmental Measurement and Modeling Division 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE 55 Broadway Washington, D.C. 20590 Cambridge, MA 02142 REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED (Leave blank) October 2009 September 2001 thru Oct. 2009 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Handbook for Railroad Noise Measurement and Analysis 6. AUTHOR(S) RR93B1 FG399 Eric R. Boeker, Gregg Fleming, Amanda S. Rapoza, Gina Barberio 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAMES AND ADDRESSES 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION U.S. Department of Transportation REPORT NUMBER Research and Innovative Technology Administration John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Acoustics Facility, RVT-41 DOT-VNTSC-FRA-10-01 Kendall Square Cambridge, MA 02142-1093 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAMES AND ADDRESS 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING U.S. Department of Transportation AGENCY REPORT NUMBER Federal Railroad Administration Office of Safety DOT/FRA/RRS-09/10-IH Washington, DC 20590 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words) This handbook is an update, restructuring and expansion of the 1982 document “Handbook for the Measurement, Analysis, and Abatement of Railroad Noise” originally developed by Wyle Laboratories. The handbook is intended as guidance for those conducting sound level measurements for railroad regulatory compliance under 40CFR Part 201 and 49CFR Parts 210, 222, 227, 228, and 229. Specifically, it addresses 1) noise generated by locomotives and rail-cars during line haul operations, 2) noise generated by yard operations from stationary locomotives, locomotive switching, car-coupling impacts, retarders, and load cell test stands, 3) locomotive horn sound levels, 4) noise levels inside locomotive cabs, 5) noise levels inside employee sleeping quarters, and 6) train employee occupational noise exposure. It contains a history of these regulations, a general procedure for conducting a noise measurement or noise exposure monitoring program and regulation-specific measurement and data analysis procedures and guidance for each type of compliance, including planning recommendations and measurement equipment. It also contains example forms and log sheets to help facilitate the documentation of each measurement. These general procedures can be easily adapted to effectively measure most types of railroad-generated noise. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES Railroad Noise, noise measurement, noise exposure monitoring, noise 277 analysis, locomotive, rail car, switcher locomotive, car-coupling, retarder, load cell test stand, horn, employee noise exposure, sleeping 16. PRICE CODE quarters, locomotive cab, sound level meter, dosimeter, FRA policy, regulatory compliance. 17. SECURITY 18. SECURITY 19. SECURITY 20. LIMITATION OF CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFICATION ABSTRACT OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified NSN 7540-01-280-550 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239-18 298-102 METRIC/ENGLISH CONVERSION FACTORS ENGLISH TO METRIC METRIC TO ENGLISH LENGTH (APPROXIMATE) LENGTH (APPROXIMATE) 1 inch (in) = 2.5 centimeters (cm) 1 millimeter (mm) = 0.04 inch (in) 1 foot (ft) = 30 centimeters (cm) 1 centimeter (cm) = 0.4 inch (in) 1 yard (yd) = 0.9 meter (m) 1 meter (m) = 3.3 feet (ft) 1 mile (mi) = 1.6 kilometers (km) 1 meter (m) = 1.1 yards (yd) 1 kilometer (km) = 0.6 mile (mi) AREA (APPROXIMATE) AREA (APPROXIMATE) 1 square inch (sq in, in2) = 6.5 square centimeters 1 square centimeter (cm2) = 0.16 square inch (sq in, (cm2) in2) 1 square foot (sq ft, ft2) = 0.09 square meter (m2) 1 square meter (m2) = 1.2 square yards (sq yd, yd2) 1 square yard (sq yd, yd2) = 0.8 square meter (m2) 1 square kilometer (km2) = 0.4 square mile (sq mi, mi2) 1 square mile (sq mi, mi2) = 2.6 square kilometers 10,000 square meters (m2) = 1 hectare (ha) = 2.5 acres (km2) 1 acre = 0.4 hectare (he) = 4,000 square meters (m2) MASS - WEIGHT (APPROXIMATE) MASS - WEIGHT (APPROXIMATE) 1 ounce (oz) = 28 grams (gm) 1 gram (gm) = 0.036 ounce (oz) 1 pound (lb) = 0.45 kilogram (kg) 1 kilogram (kg) = 2.2 pounds (lb) 1 short ton = 2,000 = 0.9 tonne (t) 1 tonne (t) = 1,000 kilograms (kg) pounds (lb) = 1.1 short tons VOLUME (APPROXIMATE) VOLUME (APPROXIMATE) 1 teaspoon (tsp) = 5 milliliters (ml) 1 milliliter (ml) = 0.03 fluid ounce (fl oz) 1 tablespoon (tbsp) = 15 milliliters (ml) 1 liter (l) = 2.1 pints (pt) 1 fluid ounce (fl oz) = 30 milliliters (ml) 1 liter (l) = 1.06 quarts (qt) 1 cup (c) = 0.24 liter (l) 1 liter (l) = 0.26 gallon (gal) 1 pint (pt) = 0.47 liter (l) 1 quart (qt) = 0.96 liter (l) 1 gallon (gal) = 3.8 liters (l) 1 cubic foot (cu ft, ft3) = 0.03 cubic meter (m3) 1 cubic meter (m3) = 36 cubic feet (cu ft, ft3) 1 cubic yard (cu yd, yd3) = 0.76 cubic meter (m3) 1 cubic meter (m3) = 1.3 cubic yards (cu yd, yd3) TEMPERATURE (EXACT) TEMPERATURE (EXACT) [(x-32)(5/9)] °F = y °C [(9/5) y + 32] °C = x °F QUICK INCH - CENTIMETER LENGTH CONVERSION 0 1 2 3 4 5 Inches Centimeters 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 QUICK FAHRENHEIT - CELSIUS TEMPERATURE CONVERSIO °F -40° -22° -4° 14° 32° 50° 68° 86° 104° 122° 140° 158° 176° 194° 212° °C -40° -30° -20° -10° 0° 10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° 70° 80° 90° 100° For more exact and or other conversion factors, see NIST Miscellaneous Publication 286, Units of Weights and Measures. Price $2.50 SD Catalog No. C13 10286 Updated 6/17/98 Table of Contents 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Development of the Handbook ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Organization ............................................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 History and Brief Summary of Railroad Noise Regulations ....................................................................... 2 2 Basic Elements of Noise Measurements ......................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Safety Considerations ................................................................................................................................. 7 2.2 Measurement Instruments ........................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 Noise Measurement Instruments ........................................................................................................... 9 2.2.2 Meteorological Instruments ................................................................................................................. 12 2.2.3 Additional Equipment .......................................................................................................................... 12 2.3 Procedure for Noise Measurement ........................................................................................................... 12 2.3.1 Noise Measurement Advance Planning ............................................................................................... 12 2.3.2 Specific Measurement Site Selection .................................................................................................. 13 2.3.3 Field Procedure for Noise Measurements ............................................................................................ 16 2.4 Procedure for Personal Monitoring for Determining Occupational Noise Exposure ............................... 19 2.4.1 Personal Monitoring for Determining Occupational Noise Exposure - Advance Planning ................. 20 2.4.2 Personal Monitoring for Determining Occupational Noise Exposure - Field Procedure ..................... 20 2.5 Documentation ......................................................................................................................................... 22 3 Regulation-Specific Noise Measurement Guidance: Line-Haul Operations ................................................ 29 3.1 Measurement Site Selection and Setup ..................................................................................................... 30 3.2 Noise Measurement Instrument Settings .................................................................................................. 31 3.3 Noise Measurement Procedure ................................................................................................................
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