Internationalisation People Names

Internationalisation of People Names

Submitted to the

UNIVERSITY of LIMERICK

for the degree of

MASTER of SCIENCE

Gary Lefman

Supervised by Dr. Richard Sutcliffe

COLLEGE of INFORMATICS and ELECTRONICS Department of Computer Science and Information Systems

September 2013

This page is intentionally blank

Abstract

Title: Internationalisation of People Names Author: Gary Lefman

If a system does not possess the ability to capture, store, and retrieve people names, according to their cultural requirements, it is less likely to be acceptable on the international market. Internationalisation of people names could reduce the probability of a person’s name being lost in a system, avoiding frustration, saving time, and possibly money.

This study attempts to determine the extent to which the human name can be internationalised, based upon published anthroponymic data for 148 locales, by categorising them into eleven distinctly autonomous parts: definite article, common title, honorific title, nickname, by-name, particle, forename, patronymic or matronymic, surname, community name, and generational marker. This paper provides an evaluation of the effectiveness of internationalising people names; examining the challenges of terminology conflicts, the impact of subjectivity whilst pigeonholing personyms, and the consequences of decisions made. It has demonstrated that the cultural variety of human names can be expressed with the Locale Data Mark-up Language for 74% of the world’s countries. This study, which spans 1,919 anthroponymic syntactic structures, has also established, through the use of a unique form of encoding, that the extent to which the human name can be internationalised is 96.31% of the data published by Plassard (1996) and Interpol (2006).

Software developers, localisation engineers, and database administrators may benefit from this paper, through recognition of this problem and understanding the potential gains from accurately handling people names within a system. The outcome of this study opens up opportunities for future research into cultural name mapping that may further enhance the Common Locale Data Repository.

Keywords: internationalisation, i18n, internationalization, localisation, l10n, localization, culture, personal name, anthroponym, cldr

This page is intentionally blank

Declaration

I hereby certify that this dissertation, Internationalisation of People Names is entirely my own work and has not been submitted to any other University or higher education institution, or for any other academic award in this University. Where use has been made of the work of other people it has been fully acknowledged and fully referenced.

Gary Lefman

iii

This page is intentionally blank

*-onym

A name that I go by.

This page is intentionally blank

Acknowledgements

First and foremost I would like to acknowledge the guidance and support of my dissertation supervisor, Dr Richard Sutcliffe, whose seemingly limitless experience in writing academic papers and knowledge of computational linguistics has helped me to focus on what matters most. A special nod goes to Mark Hellaby for his inspiring knowledge in simulation, and I am eternally grateful to dissertation veterans Emma Knibbs and Hannah White for their relentless support on every step of my journey. Finally, I owe my deepest appreciation to Martin Güttinger, localisation industry extraordinaire, for leading the way and making this all possible for me.

vii

This page is intentionally blank

viii

Contents

Abstract ...... i

Declaration ...... iii

Acknowledgements ...... vii

List of Figures ...... xi

Chapter 1 Introduction ...... 1

Chapter 2 Literature Review ...... 5

2.1 Introduction ...... 5 2.1.1 Source of Literature ...... 5 2.1.2 Expectations ...... 5 2.2 Classification of Anthroponymic Parts ...... 6 2.2.1 Dionyms and Trionyms ...... 8 2.2.2 Forenames ...... 9 2.2.3 Surnames ...... 10 2.2.4 Title Names ...... 12 2.2.5 Parental Names and Generational Suffix ...... 13 2.2.6 Generational Suffixes ...... 15 2.2.7 By-names ...... 15 2.2.8 Mononyms ...... 18 2.2.9 Leftover Name Parts ...... 18 2.2.10 Summary of Anthroponymic Parts Found ...... 19 2.2.11 Syntactic and Lexical Structure of Anthroponymic Parts ...... 20 2.2.12 Syntax ...... 20 2.2.13 Styles ...... 27 2.3 Conclusions ...... 29

Chapter 3 Method ...... 32

3.1 Perceived Challenges ...... 32 3.2 Approach ...... 33 3.2.1 Phase 1: Defining the Terminology of Anthroponymic Parts ...... 33 3.2.2 Phase 2: Defining the Encoding of Anthroponymic Parts ...... 33 3.2.3 Phase 3: Data Mining ...... 34 3.2.4 Phase 4: Prepare Data for the Common Locale Data Repository ...... 35

3.3 How Does the Method Help to Answer the Research Question? ...... 36

Chapter 4 Application of the Method ...... 37

4.1 Phase 1: Defining the Terminology of Anthroponymic Parts ...... 37 4.2 Phase 2: Defining the Encoding of Anthroponymic Parts ...... 42 4.3 Phase 3: Data Mining ...... 44 4.4 Phase 4: Prepare Data for the Common Locale Data Repository ...... 50

Chapter 5 Evaluation ...... 55

5.1 Anthroponymic Part Compilation ...... 55 5.2 Anthroponymic Part Encoding ...... 59 5.2.1 Order ...... 59 5.2.2 Directionality ...... 59 5.2.3 Multiplicity ...... 60 5.2.4 Encapsulation Markers ...... 60 5.3 Data Mining ...... 60 5.4 Product ...... 61 5.4.1 Document Type Definition ...... 61 5.4.2 Locale Data Mark-up Language Files ...... 62 5.5 Summary ...... 63 5.5.1 Concerns ...... 64 5.5.2 Future Development and Research ...... 66

Chapter 6 Conclusion ...... 68

Glossary ...... 70

References ...... 74

Appendix A – Extrapolated Anthroponymic Data ...... A – 1

Appendix B – Document Type Definition ...... B – 1

Appendix C – Sample Locale Data Mark-up Language File ...... C – 1

List of Figures

Figure 1 shows an example of name misrepresentation in a user interface ..... 2 Figure 2 shows a list of 39 anthroponymic terms ...... 19 Figure 3 shows the 39 unfiltered terms used for anthroponymic parts ...... 37 Figure 4 shows the initial Venn diagram of anthroponymic parts ...... 38 Figure 5 shows the increased probability of finding a name by possessing multiple forenames ...... 39 Figure 6 shows the interim Venn diagram of anthroponymic parts ...... 41 Figure 7 shows the final collection of 11 terms for anthroponymic parts ..... 42 Figure 8 shows the case element of anthroponymic encoding ...... 42 Figure 9 shows the part name element of anthroponymic encoding ...... 43 Figure 10 shows a left-to-right anthroponym ...... 43 Figure 11 shows a right-to-left anthroponym ...... 43 Figure 12 shows anthroponymic encoding without multiplicity notation ..... 44 Figure 13 shows an extract of Plassard 1996 p.46 for Cameroon ...... 45 Figure 14 shows an extract of Interpol 2006 p.47 for Gujurati-Hindu Sikhs 47 Figure 15 shows an extract of Plassard 1996 p.94 for India ...... 48 Figure 16 shows the multiplicity element of anthroponymic encoding ...... 49 Figure 17 shows a sample of Arabic encoding ...... 49 Figure 18 shows a sample of international Arabic encoding ...... 49 Figure 19 shows the final Venn diagram of anthroponymic parts ...... 50 Figure 20 shows the proposed anthroponym hierarchy ...... 51 Figure 21 shows the proposed anthroponym entities and their attributes ...... 52 Figure 22 shows the fallbackPattern element inside root.xml ...... 53 Figure 23 shows elements and attributes associated with fallbackPattern ..... 53 Figure 24 shows 124 Locale Data Mark-up Language data files...... 54 Figure 25 shows a bi-directional anthroponym and its international form .... 60

This page is intentionally blank

xii

Chapter 1 Introduction

The loss of a person’s identity can be a traumatic experience. It prevents a person from accessing objects that belong to them, or represents them in a system. These objects are bound to a person’s identity, not the person themself. Without an identity, a person has no credentials; they have nothing to be recognised by, and thus, they have no status. The consequences of this are numerous; frustration and wasted time on exhaustive searches in an attempt to recover a person’s records, and the personal loss of credibility and financial impact to the name’s owner. The inflicted person ultimately faces the prospect of having never existed at all – as far as the system is concerned.

The linguistic understanding of proper names in general is called onomastics, and this paper is particularly interested in a branch of onomastics called anthroponymics, which is the study of human names. A name is a form of identity, albeit a weak one. A person’s name is not static, it changes throughout their lifetime. From the moment someone is born to the moment of their death, they may have had many names; names that have evolved over time or names that have come and gone in the blink of an eye, as life’s events took place. Events such as marriage and divorce, the birth of a son or daughter, or the bestowment of a great title can distort or completely replace a person’s name. Ergo, the human name is a “poor form of identification” (Nuessel 1992 p.16). The only way to uniquely distinguish one person from another is through the structure of their deoxyribonucleic acid (better known as DNA), but that’s not very practical in conversation.

Since human names will not be going out of fashion, at least for the foreseeable future, it is important to ensure they are handled properly, because accidental, and especially deliberate, misrepresentation of a person’s name can lead to loss of their identity. Unintentional misrepresentation can, for example, happen when a system provides two fields for someone to enter their name (see Figure 1). The first field is labelled “Christian name:”, which has religious connotation that may be completely inappropriate for a user who has Hindu or Muslim beliefs, and the second field, “Last name:”, presumes the last part of a person’s name is shared with other family members. However, this might not be the case for someone in Hong Kong whose first name is likely to be the part that is shared. Additionally, both 1

fields in this example are mandatory, which presents a challenge for people who possess only one name. This problem usually occurs in systems when attempting to capture, record, and retrieve names from software. The root of the problem begins where information is stored in some semi-permanent form, such as random access memory, or more permanently in a data container like a hard drive. Information stores, such as a database, are usually inflexible; they are intentionally configured to be consistent in their function. A database schema that accommodates just two parts of a name will never support more than two parts.

Figure 1 shows an example of name misrepresentation in a user interface How will the database in this scenario handle the name of a person whose cultural traditions insist upon the use of four parts in a name; where all four parts are needed in order to distinguish one person from another within the same community? If only two elements of their name were recorded then the unique identity of that person has been lost. The chances of recovering their record have been significantly reduced. The user interface for capturing and presenting names is typically built upon the data model, and therefore these fields replicate any restriction imposed by the persistence method. Data searching techniques are also designed around the structure of the data storage. Any attempt to search for a person by their title, for example, is unlikely to return any results if that part of their name has not been recorded 2

accurately. This is a difficulty that can, potentially, impact anyone from any culture, and whilst it is acknowledged that many cultures possess similarities in naming conventions, such as the various Scandinavian cultures, it is the structure of their names that differs greatly from other cultural groups, like the Luo people in Kenya, for example. To compound the matter, name structures vary greatly within the same culture. This project has, for example, identified 25 different name patterns in Pakistan; a significant number because the variable use of two, three, or four parts can be placed in any order. Dematteis et al (1998 p.11) states that “variations in names from other cultures are generally predictable” and it is this predictability that gives reason to believe that a person’s loss of identity can be solved by providing a system with the ability to handle the syntactic structure and style of anthroponyms for any desired culture. This ability exists as a culturally agnostic model for pigeonholing the significant parts of a person’s name. This technique is known as internationalisation, which in programmatic terms is the process of making software technically and culturally neutral. These pigeonholes can then be customised to suit the requirements of the target culture, or locale.

This study did not find any prior attempts to solve the problem of identity loss in a system due to the inability to handle a person’s name accurately. Therefore this project has attempted to solve the problem by classifying autonomous parts of the human name and then using this classification to develop a model. The model, consisting of an encoding of anthroponymic parts, is built upon an open standard that can be used for the accurate capture, storage, and retrieval of names for potentially any culture, and is expected to help in the fight against cross-cultural identity loss. Internationalisation of people names cannot, however, prevent the deliberate misrepresentation of one person’s name through the intentional wrongdoing of another, but it might just help to alleviate the tendency towards it, through the availability of more choice, even if it cannot readjust the human psychology.

Chapter 2 provides a review of more than half a century of literature on the subject of onomastics. This literature review is a mine of anthroponymic terminologies and definitions that fuelled this study. Chapter 3 provides the method that was used in this project, which is broken down into four phases consisting of several steps. The first phase collects and refines terminology used for the different parts of human names, and the second phase develops a way of encoding those name

parts. The encoding is used extensively during the third phase, data mining, and then the fourth and final phase describes how this data was used to develop two products; a Data Type Definition that describes the make-up of the human name, and a collection of 124 Locale Data Mark-up Language files that represent the 148 cultures examined in this project. Chapter 4 explains in detail how a solution developed from the original 39 anthroponymic terms extracted from the literature review, and Chapter 5 focusses on the findings, justifying the method that was chosen to achieve the solution. It provides an evaluation of the chosen anthroponymic part encoding, and the technique used for data mining that resulted in the discovery of 539 anthroponymic patterns, and how duplicates in the data were detected. Chapter 5 then continues with an investigation of concerns raised during the project, and a look at future development of the solution. Finally, Chapter 6 provides a few final words before concluding this paper.

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

The purpose of this review is to outline the last sixty years of research into the classification of recognisable parts that constitute an anthroponym, whilst taking cultural syntax and style into consideration. An anthroponym is the broad term used for the human name, and it is a term that is frequently used in this paper. The two- fold aim of the review is to discover, from prior research, as many unique name parts as possible for the names of people in cultures all around the world, and to understand the common terminology used for those parts.

2.1.1 Source of Literature After conducting pre-research it was clear there was a limited amount of knowledge available in the study of anthroponyms, more so with computer science in mind. So, to compensate for the lack of useful material on which to base this paper, it was decided to not introduce any bias towards software or computing terminology when defining future search criteria in library catalogues and other reputable online sources. This widened the scope of searches, capturing a few more resources that were available. The resulting collection of resources was not filtered. However, only English language resources were considered for this review. It was noted, with a few exceptions, that prior research had only considered parts of anthroponyms in cultures that predominantly speak the English language, where anthroponyms are customarily constructed from two or three parts, known as dionyms and trionyms respectively. Whilst the majority of the sources in this literature review do not consider more than one culture, some do compensate for this to a certain degree (namely Plassard 1996; Room 1996; Guzman and Verstappen 2001; Bertills 2003; Baptista et al 2006; Interpol 2006; McCallum-Bayliss and Adger 2010; and IBM 2011). Guzman and Verstappen (2001) and Interpol (2006), for example, expressly target the structure of name parts in different cultures.

2.1.2 Expectations The body of this literature review is split into two focus areas: Classification of Anthroponymic Parts, and the Syntactic and Lexical Structure of Anthroponymic parts. Each focus area maps to internationalisation and localisation respectively. This

separation of concerns into two distinct groups will prove to be beneficial towards this study, and to the internationalisation of people names. This review will not, however, be concerned with the etymology and morphology of anthroponyms, especially those that fall into the group of hypocoristic names, soubriquets, or nicknames. This decision was made because the meaning of names, where they originated, and how they have evolved over time, is of no importance to internationalisation. Therefore, the etymology and morphology of names will not be discussed. This literature review will conclude with the presentation of the state-of- the-art in anthroponymic part classification. Then all terms and definitions collected during this chapter will be used in the method of this project to help answer the research question.

2.2 Classification of Anthroponymic Parts

This section of the literature review is an important precursor to the internationalisation of people names. The aim of this focus area is to take a culturally agnostic view of all parts of an anthroponym that have been identified through prior research. The product of this focus area is a collection of anthroponymic parts and their synonyms, as found in the literature.

According to Bertills (2003 p.23), the term “name part” was originally defined by Kurt Zilliacus in 1974 (no references available) and further developed as the “syntactic parts of the name that are significant with regard to the referent” (Kiviniemi 1975 p.17). She continues by explaining that there is a difference between a name part and the name element, suggesting that the name element “refers to both words and suffixes” (Bertills 2003 p.23). Whilst the terminology of name element is well-defined, and without contradiction, it could be argued that a name element consists of a word and all types of affix, which includes prefix and infix, as well as suffix. Room (1996 p.43) calls this a “formant”. An example of a name element, or formant, is the suffix –man in Lefman. IBM (2011) took this a little further and defined a name phrase as an “inseparable unit that consists of a name stem and any affixes that are associated with that name stem”. In the example FARRAH LENI FAWCETT-MAJORS, FARRAH and LENI are both separate name phrases, as is FAWCETT-MAJORS, but the hyphenated surname is inseparable.

In order to proceed with this project in a consistent manner, it will be necessary to use a term and definition that accurately describes the essence of what it is that needs to be captured. For the purpose of this paper, an anthroponymic part is an autonomous unit of a personym that can function by itself. It does not bond with other anthroponymic parts in order to be recognised. An anthroponymic part can be captured, stored, and retrieved, in its entirety as an individual unit, and it may be collated and presented in a different manner to the rest of the anthroponym. An anthroponymic part can be classified with a unique name that indicates its function, or purpose, within an anthroponym. Each function is culturally sensitive; a function may or may not be required by a specific culture. Therefore each anthroponymic part is optional. To explain this with an example; consider the Arabic affix ABD AL (“servant of”). This is a prefix that is placed before a person’s name, but it does not belong to any particular anthroponymic part (McCallum-Bayliss and Adger 2010 p228) because it is not autonomous. Abd Al has no function on its own, therefore it is a name element, instead (Bertills 2003 p.23).

Anthroponymic parts gathered during this literature review will need to reflect modern practices, because some references, such as Plassard (1996), contain details of ancient anthroponymic parts and syntax that were used around the time of 1 BCE. For example, Plassard (1996 pp.101-103) makes a clean distinction between anthroponymic parts commonly used up to circa 622 AD (p.102), and from circa 622 AD to 1926 AD (pp.102-103), and then modern usage from 1926 AD (p.101). Delving beyond modern usage will introduce terminology that is no longer used today, and will needlessly over-complicate the classification process in this study. Therefore, wherever possible, this literature review will concentrate on the current usage of anthroponymic parts and their syntax and style. As a consequence, anthroponymic parts will not be considered if they are clearly expressed as being rare, uncommon, or “unusual” (Plassard 1996), regardless of culture.

Writing about every aspect of onomastics is “virtually impossible” according to Nuessel (1992 p.xiii) in his study of proper names. He goes on to claim that an inductive research methodology into onomastics is occasionally inconclusive in predictive theory (Nuessel 1992 p.6). Whilst this may be a fair assumption to make in the extremely broad field of onomastics, the narrower field of anthroponyms, and especially the classification of anthroponymic parts, is an achievable task. From the

perspective of anthroponym analysis, Phua et al (2006 p.2) have a similar stance to Nuessel, declaring that it is “impossible to have a name verification database which has every legitimate name”, and Baptista et al (2006, Introduction, para. 2) regard proper names as “a (potentially) infinite set”. Evidently, capturing and memorising anthroponyms is a daunting task that could (potentially) take a lifetime to complete. But anthroponyms and their variations are finite, so the task is more idealistic than it is impossible. Fortunately, the goal of this paper is to categorise anthroponymic parts and to provide a mechanism to internationalise people names. Thus avoiding the need to evaluate anthroponyms and break them down into their constituent parts.

2.2.1 Dionyms and Trionyms A dionym consists of a forename and a surname, and is “current in most English-speaking countries and in much of continental Europe” (Room 1996, p.32). Reinforcing his idea, Room (1996 p.32) singles-out the United States of America, by introducing a middle name, stating that “trionymy is the norm”. While Room (1996) may be the only author to make this clear distinction between the United States of America and the rest of the world, the other authors, who have also focussed on English-based cultures, appear to have avoided making binary statements, such as this. The differences of opinion surrounding this small sample demonstrate the need for flexibility, even within the same culture.

Another observation that must be considered is the variation in terminology for an anthroponymic part. This is more noticeable with trionyms, where there may be a reference to first name, forename, or given name as one part, and last name, surname, or family name as another part. The term given to the anthroponymic part between them is, invariably, the middle name, (Dematteis et al 1998) and (Phua et al 2006) for example, but Plassard (1996) uses forenames and Tse (2004), given names. However, provided that a middle name might not be located in the middle of a person’s full name, it is nonsensical to use “middle” to address that part of the name. A middle name can be expressed as a separate anthroponymic part of a personal name (Interpol 2006). But there is very little continuity in the definition of personal name, or personym (Room 1996 p.79). Traboulsi (2004 p.17) frequently uses personal name to represent all parts of a person’s name that are not shared with immediate family members, whilst Plassard (1996) flip-flops between given name and individual name. Bertills (2003 p.10), on the other hand, uses personal name in

the broadest sense as an alternative term to anthroponym, stating that personal names “can be understood as linguistic [and semiotic] signs” (Bertills 2003 p.24).

2.2.2 Forenames In a similar fashion to several other sources in this review, Nuessel focusses only on English-based cultural anthroponymic parts, and has therefore made no attempt to extend beyond a basic trionomy. The lack of discussion about other cultures might be due to his locale, his beliefs, or maybe he purposefully chose to limit the scope of his research. Nuessel’s dedication is realised in his presentation of the orthographic and morphosyntactic properties, which include “Proper names are capitalized” (Nuessel 1992 p.2). This is a property that may not apply to other cultures, such as Thai or Korean, where there is no concept of character capitalisation. He writes about given name and then defines it as a religious name that a child is given during a ceremony, a “process of individualisation in which a person becomes a separate entity” (Nuessel 1992 p.9). But he does not continue to provide alternative terms and definitions for a given name, and by doing so he has inadvertently (or perhaps deliberately) limited the synonyms to Christian name or, in a generic sense, religious name. Nuessel says a given name is a unique name, that identifies a person within their family (Nuessel 1992 p.9), but that is not to say a unique name within a family is necessarily unique outside of the family. Traboulsi refers to personal names as an irrational mixture of given names, Christian names and first names, but then makes a very clear distinction between personal names and “personal names of non- Christian societies” (Traboulsi 2004 p.17). However, it might be safe to assume that a given name is just that – a name given to a person – there is no distinction based upon belief or religion. Here is an example to emphasise the point; a parent has two children and names the first child AYYUB and the second child PAUL. Both names have a religious association. But both names were, nonetheless, given to the children and therefore fall within the category of a given name, regardless of any religious tagging. Introduction of the term anthroponymic label should provide a non- discriminatory twist on Nuessel’s label: “means of identifying a person through some particular or distinctive (usually negative) characteristic” (Nuessel 1992 p.35).

In Room’s definition of given name he refers to the “forename given to a child soon after its birth” (Room 1996 p.47). Whilst the timing of this event is debatable, i.e. a name can be given to an unborn child, the point is that Room defines

it as a forename, which is “distinct from the surname” (Room 1996 p.43). So, not only has Room circumvented the act of naming, or inversely, naming oneself, he has also managed to create a contrast with surname. The use of forename, which is also used by Plassard (1996), creates a disassociation with the verb “to give”, and thereby simplifies classification of this anthroponymic part. Forenames, used collectively, will accurately define the position of those anthroponymic parts, but used singularly it would be difficult to justify using a forename that is, say, in the middle of a person’s full name. The middle name “plays a much less valuable role” than the first forename or surname, according to Dematteis et al (1998 p.9). But this is contradicted by the suggestion that “surnames are the most important” (Snae and Brückner 2006a p.619) part of a name. The middle name in a trionomy may be an elitist, euphoric or harmonic name, yet some people in certain cultures may never express this part of their personym, while others overemphasise their middle name (Nuessel 1992 pp.12-13).

2.2.3 Surnames If anthroponyms were to be loosely divided into two major groups, consisting of forenames on one hand and everything else on the other, then there would no problem to solve and this paper would never have been written. But this is true for cultures that only recognise a dionomy, which is probably why this problem does exist. The second group to be discussed has fewer variations in terminology than the forenames, and there appears to be more agreement on what it consists of. The three terms used are last name, family name, and surname. Last name can be quickly ruled out as a viable term for an anthroponymic part because, as the adjective suggests, it refers to the last part of a personym. Interpretation of “last part” will be mostly understood from one culture to another, but between cultures this understanding breaks down, for several reasons.

1. Two systems exist for the lexical order of anthroponymic parts; the Western order and the Eastern order (Yamashita and Eades 2003 p.viii). In the Western order, forenames are presented before the surnames. In the Eastern order the reverse is true; surnames are presented before the forenames. In cultures that recognise the Western order, the surname is considered to be the last part, but surnames are the first part in cultures that recognise the Eastern order. Therefore, referring to this anthroponymic part as a last name will lead to cultural

misinterpretation. This is consistently the case when people are asked to enter their name in forms (Room 1996 p.56). 2. People from mononymic cultures, like the Afghans (Interpol 2006 p.41), typically possess only one name. A mononym could be a by-name such as a soubriquet or epithet. The individual personym is unique in the same family. But no evidence has been found to suggest that a mononym loosely fits the etymology of a family name. Therefore it is clear to declare that people of mononymic cultures will have nothing to enter in a last name field because their only name is neither the first nor the last. Several people from other walks of life have just one legal name, such as the magician TELLER, and the Japanese emperor AKIHITO (明仁). 3. The final reason for not considering last name as an anthroponymic part is due to certain cultures, such as the Ghanaian people, that frequently use a forename (Plassard 1996 p.79) when requested to provide their last name.

The next term is family name, which may not contain an adjective implying lexical order, but it does imply parental or sibling bonds and some form of heritage. All of which may not apply to certain cultures, such as the Somali (Interpol 2006 p.8), that only have a collection of forenames, but have no concept of family name. This is, consequently, a loose contradiction of a statement by Nuessel (1992 p.4) that a “surname is predetermined”, which may be the case for English-based cultures, but it doesn’t account for other cultures that do not have a concept of family name. This leaves the final term, surname, which is the most agreeable of the three terms because it is culturally agnostic, providing little restriction in terms of lexical order and idealism. But that is not to say that this term escapes criticism. Surname is a name shared by “members of a nuclear family” according to Traboulsi (2004 p.17). But why must it be a nuclear family? This opens a whole new can of worms when considering that a nuclear family consists of “the mother, father and children only” (Chambers 2011). Nuessel raises other questions when referring to surnames: “This society’s [USA] naming practices are inherently sexist. The tradition that a woman assumes the surname of her spouse upon participation in a marriage contract has major sex role implications.” (Nuessel 1992 p.36-37) But this is not the case for all cultures. For example, women in China retain their full name when they marry, and in Hungary, women may lose their identity completely. If, perhaps, TÍMÁR

KATALIN marries her partner KOVÁCS JÁNOS she will become KOVÁCS JÁNOSNÉ (Interpol 2006 p.15), which literally means János Kovács’ wife. She no longer possesses a forename or surname. This is somewhat similar to less practiced English-based cultures that would employ the use of MRS JOHN SMITH in formal circumstances, although Mrs John Smith would still use her more familiar forename and surname at other times.

2.2.4 Title Names Many of the sources in this literature review describe anthroponymic titles, with varying degree of terminology and definition. There appears, however, to be a fine line between two types of title.

1. Titles that are potentially common to the entire population of a culture, whether automatic (MRS and MR), or awarded for attainment (DAME and SIR). The variable and non-enforced use of a title name in Interpol (2006) suggests that the common title should not be compulsory. Somalis, for example, do not have a linguistic concept of the common titles Mrs and Mr (Interpol 2006 p.8). First seen in Plassard (1996 p.97) is the term traditional title name, or adat title, which by definition equates to a common title in Indonesia, although the etymology of a traditional title may be different. It is occasions like this that reinforce the need for localised terms and definitions for a target culture. Common titles can be further divided into two categories; institutionalised titles are obligatory and always placed in front of the name, and pseudo-titles, which can be in front or in some cases after, the name (Tse 2004 p.246). For example, BARONESS, CAPTAIN, and QUEEN are institutionalised titles, whereas COMMODORE, PROFESSOR, and WARRANT OFFICER are pseudo-titles. 2. An honorific title or honorific adjective is reduced to “an honorary appellation distinguishing a peer” (Room 1996 p.99). The position of the forename in a dionomy can be demoted when an honorific title is prepended (Tse 2004 p.249). For example, HORATIO TAWNISH becomes HONOURABLE HORATIO TAWNISH. Several honorifics introduce the definite article (Tse 2004 p.250). Thus Honourable Horatio Tawnish would officially be addressed as THE HONOURABLE MR HORATIO TAWNISH. Note that the title name “Mr” is retained; therefore the honorific is an additional anthroponymic part, not a replacement for a title name. “Honorifics may be limited in occurrence to

signatures in some cultures; in others they occur as name parts.” (McCallum- Bayliss and Adger 2010 p.229). An honorific title can be elevated further through the use of an intensifier (Tse 2004 p.249), which is placed before the honorific title, such as MOST VENERABLE or RIGHT HONOURABLE. This intensifier is, however, part of the honorific title, not an anthroponymic part in its own right. A titular title, aside from honorific titles, exists in title only (Tse 2004 p.249). Based on Tse’s definition, a person who bears a title, for example KING GEORGE and CARDINAL RICHELIEU, fall under the category of institutionalised titles, which in turn belongs to common titles, so there is no need for a titular title class.

There are a few more cultural notes about titles; Bengali, Buddhist, and Hindi may have monastic titles, MAHARAISHI (महिष)र् for example, that may be placed on either side of a personym, and cultures like these might also have socio-political titles, such as ROY BAHADUR or ROY SAHIB, that prefix a personym (Plassard 1996 p.21 and p.23). Monastic titles and socio-political titles fall within the definition of honorific titles and common titles respectively.

2.2.5 Parental Names and Generational Suffix Parents can pass their forenames onto children, and children can pass their forenames back to their parents. Patronyms and patronymics vary slightly from each other. A patronym is applied to a child’s surname, and patronymic is applied to a child’s forename (Room 1996 pp.77-78). Interpol also attempts to make a distinction between the two, using the definitions “father’s personal name: as a component of a child’s full name” and “patronymic: name derived from personal name of father” (Interpol 2006 p.2), which is not very clear. So, in an attempt to make it clear, two examples are provided to demonstrate the difference: MIKHAIL SERGEYEVICH

GORBACHEV (Михаи́ л Серге́евич Горбачёв) contains the patronymic forename Sergeyevich, which literally means Sergey’s–son (Серге́–евич). The second example ROALD ENGELBREGT GRAVNING AMUNDSEN contains the patronym Amundsen for a surname, which means Amund’s–son. Another form of patronym can be achieved through the use of the particle “son of” or “daughter of”, indicating a relationship between a parent and child (Plassard 1996 p.109), and it is possible to chain them together to demonstrate a person’s lineage. Consider SULTAN BIN

who (ﺳــﻌﻮد آل اﻟﻌـــﺰﻳﺰ ﻋﺒـــﺪ ﺑــﻦ ﺳـــﻠامن ﺑــﻦ ﺳـــﻠﻄﺎن) SALMAN BIN ABDULAZIZ AL SAUD possesses this kind of patronym chain: Sultan son of Salman son of Abdulaziz (from/of the) House of Saud.

Patronyms and patronymics are, however, not tied only to the father. They may reference the forename of the grandfather, great grandfather, or great-great grandfather, and perhaps many more paternal generations further back. Surnames can also function as patronymic names in different cultures (IBM 2011). Additionally, in Ethiopia, the entire forename or whole personym of the father or grandfather may be passed onto the child (Plassard 1996 p.64). Presumably this only applies to the son, otherwise their daughters and granddaughters would have masculine names, but it has not been possible to ascertain if this practice is extended to the daughter and granddaughter. The paternal grandfather’s personal name is given in Interpol (2006 p.8) for the Somali culture as a combination of personal name, father’s personal name, and grandfather’s personal name, but there is no surname. Therefore an entire personym can be generational. In Gambia, the forename of either parent can be “used after the forename and before the patronymic” (Plassard 1996 p.71). In Tamil culture, a woman who marries may adopt her husband’s forename, replacing the forename of her father (Plassard 1996 p.201).

Matronyms and matronymics are equal in definition to patronyms and patronymics respectively, but apply to the mother, grandmother, and great grandmother, etc. Matronymics and patronymics are commonly seen together in Spanish- and Portuguese-based cultures where a person’s surname is constructed from two name elements, the first name element consists of the first element of the father’s surname, and the second name element consists of the first element of the mother’s surname. Collectively, patronyms and patronymics are called patrilineal names, and matronyms and matronymics are known as matrilineal names.

Teknonyms are used by various cultures around the world, including Islamic- based cultures. A teknonym is where a parent adopts the name of their son or daughter, usually preceded by “father of” or “mother of”. Interestingly, Room (1996) does not list this in his dictionary of name studies, but Ellen (1993) writes extensively about teknonymy and describes a scenario that takes place in the Nuaulu culture of Indonesia, whereby the mother and father, upon the birth of their first child,

adopt the name of their child as their own name, along with a suffix (Ellen 1993 p.20). If the child’s name is HANOK, the mother’s suffix is HANOK–INAI and the father’s suffix is HANOK–AMAI. The parents’ name will change during life events, such as the marriage of a child or the birth of more children (Ellen 1993 p.20).

2.2.6 Generational Suffixes There are two types of generational suffix:

1. The first type indicates the relationship between a father and the son with the suffixes SENIOR (or SR.) and JUNIOR (or JR.). The son is decorated with the abbreviated suffix Jr. when he has been given the same forename as the father. Likewise, the father adopts the abbreviated suffix Sr. when the son is given the same forename. This type of generational suffix is usually witnessed in father- son relationships, and less so in mother-daughter relationships. But it has not been observed yet in father-daughter or mother-son relationships. 2. The second generational suffix commonly involves the use of Roman numerals, “numeral modifiers” according to (Tse 2004 p.244), to indicate the successive repetition of a forename within the same family lineage. The affixation of Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, and so on, to a personym usually applies to monarchical families, but also occurs in other families too, “most frequently in the USA” (Wikipedia 2013). The generational suffix Ⅰ may be applied to someone when they are declared to be the second in a new line of family members with the same forename. IBM (2011) calls this name “qualifier” and Microsoft (2013) refers to this as a “pedigree”. The use of qualifier is too vague because it doesn’t explain what is being qualified, nor does it make sense to qualify a generational suffix. Likewise, Microsoft’s use of pedigree is dubious because that implies documented paternal ancestry, which Roman numerals do not demonstrate.

2.2.7 By-names A by-name is “used instead of an official name and often in a specific context, informally and in speech” (Bertills 2003 p.34). Bertills describes nicknames in a short and hypocoristic form, which is of interest to this study. It is likely, however, that a dedicated anthroponymic part called by-name will be far too broad. This will be proven to be the case if it is discovered that several components of a by-name are considered to be autonomous in certain cultures. Hypothetically, a culture could

consider a clan name to be one part and topoanthroponym to be another part. A by- name is an umbrella term for a variety of other terms that share the same hypocoristic use. This section continues with a look at nickname, epithet, pseudonym, and three other terms that could potentially be considered as a single autonomous group, which is clan name, tribe name, and caste name. It will then conclude by briefly covering topoanthroponyms. The goal of this section is to identify if any of the by-names are suitable candidates to be classed as individual anthroponymic parts.

A hypocoristic name is a nickname, possibly through abbreviation of a name, indicating familiarity with the person that possesses this name (Room 1996 p.52). A hypocoristic name is not necessarily an acronym, mesonym, or ouronym, which are abbreviated at the front, middle, and end respectively. A hypocoristic name can be completely different to a person’s forename or surname altogether. A nickname is an “unofficial name given to a person, place, or object in addition to the original name” (Room 1996 p.68). A person “may replace an original name or be used in addition to it” (Room 1996 p.68). Nuessel writes about nicknames as if they are given to people or chosen by themselves to express behaviour, personality, or personal attributes (Nuessel 1992 p.30). But this definition is debatable because firstly, a pseudonym is “assumed by a person in public life and used instead of, or in tandem with, his or her original name” (Room 1996 p.86), and therefore one cannot assign a nickname to oneself. Secondly, Nuessel doesn’t explicitly describe the application of a hypocoristic mononym to a child before, during, or after birth, which is the case with some cultures around the world, such as those previously discussed in Indonesia. Tse defines a nickname or epithet as “a name used informally as part of, or a substitute for, the official name of someone” (Tse 2004 p.252). But there is nothing in this definition that accommodates global cultures, particularly those that have only one anthroponymic part that might be called a nickname. Snae and Brückner (2006a p.623) also demonstrate a culturally limited view when they state that “Nicknames, in particular, are even today often the result of a spontaneous reaction in a particular situation”. The use of “spontaneous” in this definition does not agree with the act of naming unborn children, which could happen days, weeks (Bolton and Florey 1997 p.34), or months before a child is born, or perhaps years before conception.

What needs to be established is whether there is a distinct difference between a nickname, an epithet, and a soubriquet. This requirement for clarity is echoed by

Anderson: There are “vagaries in the usage of ‘nickname’ and similar terms such as ‘so(u)briquet’, which have not always been kept entirely distinct from ‘by-name’” (Anderson 2003 p.366). An epithet is a descriptive by-name applied to a person that directly describes an attribute of that person. An epithet can have negative connotations. A soubriquet is a familiar name given to someone, but lacks a distinction between positive and negative attributes of that person. Finally, a nickname is merely another name given to a person that is not formal or official. Whilst all three terms are relatively close in definition and purpose, there may be an inclination towards disregarding epithet because it is a term that is tied to the etymology of a name.

The last group of by-names to be examined are clan names, tribe names, and caste names. The three terms appear to be used interchangeably in Interpol (2006) to build personyms, but there is no evidence to suggest they are suitable candidates for individual anthroponymic parts. Room (1996 p.21) defines clan names as “[t]he name of a clan”, which offers no clarity at all, whilst Plassard (1996 pp.97-98) broadly treats clan names as a surname in the Indonesian culture. Traboulsi (2004 p.17) defines a clan name as a “traditional social unit consisting of a number of families claiming a common ancestor”. Traboulsi provides Zulus and Scots as examples of cultures that recognise clans. The Sinhalese (Sri Lanka) clan name is also known as a house name according to Interpol (2006 p.52). After examining several dictionary definitions it is apparent that a tribe is merely made up of multiple clans, and each clan has (or had) an association with the leader of that clan. The association may or may not have been via family heritage. “In technological oriented societies such as modern Western the reference between names as a label and the person is not as obvious as in small tribal societies” (Snae and Brückner 2006b p.139). Essentially, clans and tribes are representative of the same people, who may either adopt the clan/tribe name as their own surname (some of the Irish and Scots, for example), or affix the clan/tribe name to their personym. Islamic personyms, for example, may have a tribal name as a suffix (McCallum-Bayliss and Adger (2010 p.228). Caste names, on the other hand, represent an inherent social culture of a person’s position within the society. It can be loosely equated to a class system, but extends beyond hierarchy into roles and responsibility. A caste name can be affixed to a forename, or it can be affixed to a surname. One variation of Tamil cultural

names is “place name + personal name + family’s caste name” (Interpol 2006 p.55). A Hindu surname may be synonymous with a caste. In some cases “a person may drop his/her last name to reject the caste system” (Interpol 2006 p.44), whereupon a forename, other than the first one, will be promoted to a surname (Interpol 2006 p.44). Pakistani culture allows a caste name to be used instead of a family name (Plassard 1996 p.175). Sikhs “oppose caste… [and they] …traditionally do not use their family name” (Interpol 2006 p.46). A Sikh personym will, therefore, consist of forenames and a religious name.

2.2.8 Mononyms A self-contained personym that consists of only one word, or logogram, is called a mononym. It is believed that “in the Western world anthroponyms are rarely mononyms” (Room 1996 pp.64-65); although they were often mononymic before surnames became de rigueur. A mononym can be representative of a forename, or surname, or any other part of a personym as long as it is autonomous and meaningful in the target culture. But this doesn’t necessarily mean that a given culture is entirely mononymic. In the Afghan (Dari- and Pashtu-based) culture, for example, a person may have a single personym, but other people in the same community might also possess a surname (Interpol 2006 p.41). A mononym doesn’t need to be a proper noun; a person can also be identified within a system by only a number or a code. The antonym of a mononym is, unsurprisingly, a polynym, which begs the question: can a mononym and polynym coexist? The answer to this question will determine whether a mononym should or should not be allocated an anthroponymic part of its own.

2.2.9 Leftover Name Parts Whilst reviewing the literature several other terms were noticed, all of which are worth mentioning. They are all listed as separate parts in Plassard (1996). Some of them could be well suited as synonyms of anthroponymic parts already discussed, or they might be irrelevant for classification.

A “house name or place name indicating origin” is used in Kannada-, Malayalam-, Tamil-, and Telugu-based cultures (Plassard 1996 p.94), and are synonymous with topoanthroponym (Plassard 1996 p.16). For example, Interpol (2006 p.52), lists Sinhalese (Sri Lanka) anthroponyms as consisting of “house/clan

name + personal name(s) [+ family name]”. Instances of topoanthroponym have also been found in Plassard (1996 Gambia p.71; Iceland p.91; India p.94; Punjabi p.95; and Indonesian p.97). Another Tamil variation, according to Interpol (2006 p.55) is “place name + father’s personal name + personal name”, but no family name. In Ghanaian culture, a day name is given to indicate the day on which a person was born (Plassard 1996 p.79), and their culture also recognises an incidental name, which is described as a nickname or numerical position within a family (Plassard 1996 p.79). Ghanaians, who appear to have a very rich mixture of elements in their names, also define an adopted name, which could be a tribe name or topoanthroponym (Plassard 1996 p.79). An adult name (Plassard 1996 pp.97-98) appears to be used as an additional forename in Indonesian cultures.

2.2.10 Summary of Anthroponymic Parts Found The following list reiterates the 39 anthroponymic terms that have been identified by authors in the literature review.

2.2.11 Syntactic and Lexical Structure of Anthroponymic Parts The previous section identifies anthroponymic parts and many elements of a name that are expressed in the published material covered by this review. This second focus area will now go on to examine the use of syntax and style of the parts that make up people names from different cultures. The purpose of this section is to discuss the state-of-the-art regarding the way anthroponymic parts are put together, and the linguistic presentation of those parts. It is hoped this will help to provide a foundation for the development of intermediate shorthand, a code that will describe the syntax of anthroponymic parts and their lexical attributes. The expectations for this section are realistic. That is to say, it is not expected that all of the answers will be found here. However, the most rudimentary of foundations is all that is required to begin this study.

2.2.12 Syntax Anthroponymic syntax defines the structure and order of name parts. According to Room (1996 p.43), this is the “formula (of a name)”. Similarly, McCallum-Bayliss and Adger (2010 p.226) define syntactic structure of anthroponyms as “name parts and their order”. Without the existence of a recognised structure there would be a chaotic soup of anthroponyms that cannot be used in a meaningful way. Lacklusture awareness of global names can only exacerbate the problem, and in an ever increasingly connected world, where people handle the names of other people from unfamiliar cultures, errors will increase and loss of identity will inevitably occur. “Different categories of proper names overlap to some extent.” (Bertills (2003 p.34), which means that there will need to be flexibility in the capture and storage of anthroponymic parts. Syntactic structures “have to be handled systematically for data entry, storage and retrieval in order to get sufficient recall or precision” (Snae and Brückner 2006a p.139). Anthroponyms can be entered into a system using one method but the same anthroponymic parts can be extracted in a completely different manner. However, “[n]ame ordering and derived culture are fairly consistent within normal social networks” (Phua et al 2006 p.2), which increases confidence in achieving the goal of this study. But if the capture, storage, and retrieval of a globally diverse arrangement of anthroponymic parts is to be achieved, then “something much more flexible is needed” (McCallum-Bayliss and Adger 2010 Discussion, para. 1). This is the problem that this paper sets out to solve.

A person’s identity can be lost as a result of unnecessary or unaccommodating normalisation of an entered name, a missing database column to store certain localised name parts, the misunderstanding of a spoken name, or even inflexible search algorithms. Names around the world have a different syntax and systems must be able to handle changes in syntax, whether subtle or dramatic. To avoid this, anthroponyms must be “handled in ways that are sensitive to the way they vary” (Dematteis et al 1998 p.2). To achieve this, anthroponyms must be accurately captured, stored, and retrieved again; otherwise a name can change at any one of these three stages. Fittingly, Dematteis et al conclude that there are three aspects to the management of names: “the user”, “the data”, and “the system or algorithm” (Dematteis et al 1998 p.12). The first aspect looks at the capture of anthroponyms, whether entered by the owner of the name or by a stranger on the other side of the world, someone who is not familiar with the name owner’s culture (McCallum- Bayliss 2010 p.223). The user, regardless of their role, is primarily responsible for accurately entering names into a system (Dematteis et al 1998 p.12). If the user of the system is entering their own name, they will, no doubt, have the full intention of doing this accurately. But if the system is unaware of the correct syntax for the name owner’s culture, then the user is less likely to succeed in entering that name correctly. With regards to the data aspect, it is proposed that anthroponyms should be collected in a manner that “allows for sufficient flexibility” Dematteis et al (1998 p.12). This flexibility is internationalisation, which “does not prejudice the interpretation of name parts” (Dematteis et al 1998 p.12) through localisation. “The basic design problem is to provide enough of the right fields, with enough size, and in the right way so that the application can provide the best presentation, sorting, selection and so forth later without offending the end user inputting the information” Philips (2004). Therefore the provision of appropriate fields to accept localised anthroponymic parts is crucial to the point of entry.

The ensuing challenge for someone who is not the name owner, a call centre operative for example, is to interpret an annunciated name and correctly transfer this understanding to the system so that the name can be retrieved again at a later date. This demands skills that may be acquired through training in the recognition of name variations within a culture, including spelling differences (McCallum-Bayliss and Adger 2010 pp.223-224). However, it has been suggested by Dematteis et al (1998

p.12) that a user should not be expected to recognise the anthroponymic syntax of all cultures. Whilst this is a fair statement, it would be worth reinforcing the notion that this could be better handled by the system. Dematteis et al do not support McCallum- Bayliss and Adger, stating the “degree of complexity in the algorithms will also be unmanageable” (Dematteis et al (1998 p.12). A complex, but powerful, algorithm could be better than entrusting a user to input data correctly. This is a challenge that Phua et al (2006) have attempted to solve through the automation of personym validation to isolate pseudonyms. Their algorithms attempt to identify and extract known false names from known real names, leaving the ambiguous names to be manually checked. This solution evaluates personyms that have already been entered into a system, but it does not, however, help to fulfil the goals of this study.

It goes without saying that all gains made by accurately capturing anthroponyms will be lost if each part is concatenated with another to form a new single string, or any other combination of parts to form assumed names. Very little has been written about the storage of anthroponymic parts, although IBM (2011) demonstrates the great effort that has gone into developing a vast database of nearly one billion personyms, the gender and culture associated with each name, as well as algorithms for splitting personyms into parts through pattern matching. Maybe this lack of literature is because it is expected that there should be one dedicated database column for each name part to be captured. Dematteis et al (1998) wrote exclusively about names and databases, yet there was no mention of database schemas to store name parts. Nonetheless, it can be clearly stated, without supporting evidence, that anthroponymic parts must be stored correctly, and that the database encoding and collation must be correctly configured to support all possible variations of name, regardless of the language and script. The use of the Unicode character set and one of the Uniform Transformation Format encodings for Unicode will ensure this is possible. Stored anthroponyms will, at some point in time, need to be retrieved and utilised for some purpose. But the syntax used to retrieve anthroponymic parts may not be the same as the syntax used to capture and store names (Snae and Brückner 2006a p.139).

Anthroponyms must be captured and presented in a certain sequence that meets the cultural requirements of the person’s name, which may not be the same culture of the person entering the person’s name into a system. The social, informal,

and formal presentation of names will need to be considered. “Each culture has a set of conventions which govern the appearance and function of personal names and has a range of permitted variation in its naming system” (Dematteis et al 1998 p.4). An attempt to force the syntactic structure of anthroponymic parts into another culture’s anthroponymic parts will, in all likelihood, fail. For example, an attempt to force the Spanish name RAUL DIEGO RAMOS ALONSO MARTINEZ into a system that expects a trionomy, based upon the user’s cultural settings or expectations, will result in Martinez becoming the surname, the first forename becomes Raul and the second surname becomes Diego. There is nowhere to enter Ramos and Alonso. Unfortunately, the owner of this name has now lost their identity in the system because their compound forename is Raul Diego, and their compound surname is Ramos Alonso Martinez, so future attempts to find them by their full surname are unlikely to succeed. Some cultures, however, have a “range of permitted variation” (Dematteis et al 1998 p.4) and therefore it is acceptable to handle anthroponymic parts using different sequences. But Dematteis et al do not explain the ranges, so this would need to be investigated on a culture-by-culture basis.

Besides localised patterns, there needs to be some form of intelligence to handle the joining or unjoining of elements within name parts, or joining and unjoining of name parts themselves. Spanish and Portuguese filial relationships should form part of a compound surname (Guzman and Verstappen 2001 p.9). The last part of the surname can be excluded in Spanish, but this is the reverse with Portuguese (Interpol 2006 p.20 and p.25). However, the use of the remaining surname element would create a new name that is entirely different to the two- element name part. In some cultures it may be acceptable to introduce hyphens to clarify the relationship between elements of a name part. Hyphenated surnames may be presented as a single surname (Snae and Brückner 2006a p.624). In the United States of America, for example, a double element anthroponymic part such as RAUL DIEGO would be joined with a hyphen to enforce the bond between them, creating RAUL-DIEGO, and similarly for the surname RAMOS ALONSO MARTINEZ would become RAMOS-ALONSO-MARTINEZ. Hyphenated forenames are not popular in English-based cultures, but they can be found within German culture, such as HANS-LUDWIG, for example. This semiotic use of a hyphen essentially prevents the anthroponymic part from being broken apart. Without a hyphen, the wrong

forename or surname could be selected (McCallum-Bayliss and Adger 2010 p.227). Even if it were possible to accurately enter anthroponymic parts that are suitable for a given culture, there is still no guarantee that an anthroponym would be entered correctly. Hyphens may also be used to retain some form of identity during marriage. It may be the case in some cultures that either partner adopts the surname of the other. An explanation by Nuessel (199 2 p.37) shows that a woman, upon marriage, may retain her maiden name and affix her husband’s surname, joining the two with a hyphen. This introduces challenges in the form of lost hyphenation and concatenation of elements of an anthroponymic part. Consider the consequences of this happening when the example BARON LLOYD-WEBBER digresses from Baron Lloyd-Webber to form a new name called Baron Lloydwebber.

Lack of cultural awareness and intentional neglect are potential triggers for the misrepresentation of a name (Nuessel 1992 p.35). But it is not just human action (or inaction) that causes problems. Attempts to programmatically evaluate (or guess) individual anthroponymic parts from a given name are fraught with dangerous assumptions. Phua et al (2006 p.4) provide a convincing sample of pseudo code that describes how they have parsed names. However the initial split on whitespace has no cultural knowledge and would have, therefore, split up compound names into individual elements. Taking the name from the previous example, RAUL DIEGO RAMOS ALONSO MARTINEZ would not have been split into five parts, and each part would have been evaluated independently of the other parts. The result would have been two separate forenames and three separate surnames, none of which represent the owner of the personym. But had the code been informed that the culture was Spanish-based (or Hispanic) then mechanisms would have been employed to ensure the outcome was two parts, not five.

The Normalised Net Value of forename predictions produced by Phua et al (2006 p.4, Table 2) were 45.4% correct, the surname predictions were 60.8% correct, and gender predictions were higher at 62.7% correct. However “good” (Phua et al 2006 p.4) these results are claimed to be, they are evidence that greater accuracy in retrieving anthroponyms from a system can be achieved by providing the correct anthroponymic parts to the person entering names of people from the outset. Phua et al (2006 p.6) state that “it was ascertained that the predictiveness of first/last names and gender come predominantly from the last few letters of the name component

(last letter, last two letters, and last three letters)”. They go on to claim “the last letter in the first name is the most predictive for gender, even in a multi-cultural context” (Phua et al 2006 p.6).

There is little evidence in the reviewed literature that suggests gender plays a role in the allocation of anthroponymic parts. Phua et al (2006) writes extensively about the importance of evaluating the gender of a person, from their name alone, for the purposes of determining their authenticity. But nowhere was it mentioned that gender should possess a dedicated name part classification. However, one promising reference was found about the differences in syntactic structure of anthroponymic parts between males and females in Pakistan culture. Interpol (2006 pp.48-51) describes male names as being “religious name(s) + personal name(s) [+ family name]”, and female names as being “personal name(s) + female honorific title(s) [+ family name]”. But the important point to note is that these anthroponymic parts can be captured, retrieved, and presented in any order, for males and females. Since culture possesses the ability to redefine anthroponyms based upon gender, it may be necessary to consider gender as an attribute of an anthroponym’s sequence of parts. In cases where gender is not necessary, it would be beneficial to utilise gender neutral or androgynous states.

The lexical order of anthroponymic parts can be loosely grouped into two sets, based upon the geographical regions of the world where each set mostly applies. The Eastern order places surnames in the cardinal position, and is largely found in cultures such as Bosnian, Chinese, Croatian, Hungarian, Japanese, Korean, Serbian, and Vietnamese (Interpol 2006 p.30, p.56, p.62, p.66), as well as Chinese cultures in Malaysia and Singapore. The Western order, which places forenames in the cardinal position, is found everywhere else. Some cultures commonly accept both orders. Romanian, for example requires the Eastern order as a formality, but uses the Western order for informal occasions (Interpol 2006 p.22). Whilst Interpol (2006) have defined a large number of cultures that support the Eastern order, Guzman and Verstappen (2001 p.5) have suggested that only Hungarian and Chinese use the Eastern name order, which may be just a reflection of the scope of their paper, or it is an oversight because sources beyond those included in this literature review also acknowledge other cultures that use the Eastern order.

The cultural sequencing of name parts can vary depending upon the use or application of the parts. The natural order, in the context of this paper, is how a person would annunciate their name when someone asks them a question. If, for example, this question is asked in in the Chinese language: “What is your name?” (“你的名字是？”), the answer could be: “My name is WEN BO.” (“我的名字是文波。”). The second lexical order considers how anthroponymic parts are structured in a list of anthroponyms, such as a list of names in a telephone directory. This is an interesting type of order because it is an important aspect of collation; the way words are grouped according to their lexical value. Sort order is the third type of ordering that should be considered in this study. While a list of anthroponyms can be presented in a certain order according to cultural requirements, the actual anthroponymic part or parts that are used as the key for sorting purposes may not be utilised in the same order that they are presented. Snae and Brückner (2006a p.143), for example, indicate that “Thai names are sorted according to the first names”, whereas many other cultures sort personyms according to the surnames.

It is worth reintroducing the notion that the terminology used throughout this literature review has been variable because authors have used different terms for the same anthroponymic parts, which is understandable considering there is currently no international standard for the anthroponymic parts, let alone their terminology. However, this does highlight the need to avoid duplication of similar parts and at the same time emphasise the need for localised terminology. There is, for example, no point in referring to a “patronymic” (Interpol 2006 p.10) when, according to cultural customs, this anthroponymic part is called a “family name”. In Sikh culture, people tend not to use their “family name” as a surname, but instead use a “religious name” (Interpol 2006 p.46). Therefore, as part of the solution of this study, there will need to be a mechanism by which the names of each anthroponymic part can be localised, too.

Articles and particles do play a role in anthroponyms. The definite article “the” is discussed in great detail in Tse (2004 p.245), mostly in conjunction with title names, such as THE RIGHT HONORABLE LORD MAYOR OF LONDON. This raises a question; should the definite article possess a dedicated anthroponymic part, or should it simply be a prefix of an existing part? Similarly, some cultures utilise

particles in surnames. Dutch, for example, makes extensive use of prepositions, known as tussenvoegsels, such as VAN DEN, VAN DER, and VANDER. These particles are part of a person’s surname, but they may not be considered during sorting or listing. Spanish culture is another example provided by McCallum-Bayliss and Adger (2010 p.228), whereby formal use of a married woman’s surname may begin with DE followed by her husband’s surname, but informally she is still known by her maiden name. Whilst the variable content of a name is of little consequence, a decision must be made. Does the particle deserve a dedicated anthroponymic part or should it be included in an existing part as a prefix? If the particle is included as a prefix of a surname, for example, what are the implications for sorting and listing, and what will be the impact of normalisation on such a name part? Much of this question is associated with the cultural stylisation of names, which will be discussed next.

2.2.13 Styles There can be multiple cultural and legal variations of a personym (Dematteis et al 1998 p.3). “[T]he sorts of variation that are permitted may not be the same as those permitted in English” (Snae and Brückner 2006a p.624) suggests that cultural variations in a name present “an obstacle for creating a single method for automatic name processing” (Snae and Brückner 2006a p.624). This may depend upon the type of automation that is being implemented in their paper. McCallum-Bayliss and Adger (2010 p.232) claim that “flexibility can be tolerated in the entry of names”. But this begs the question; just how much flexibility is acceptable? This is a question that cannot entirely be answered by this paper within the allocated timeframe. One of the complications is determining where to draw the line with research. When cultures merge, the potential for styles to expand exists, and only to compound flexibility. McCallum-Bayliss and Adger (2010 p.221) have noticed that “when people migrate, they may adjust their names to fit the naming patterns of the host country”, and that immigrants “may use different names on different occasions”. Overall it is safe to assume that “[a]ttitude toward[s] variation contribute to the problem” (McCallum- Bayliss and Adger 2010 p.229).

Anthroponyms are subject to many different stylistic preferences. A few of the most common style considerations are character case and the use of diacritics, concatenation of words, and hyphenation, too. Capitalisation of proper nouns is a

common practice in certain languages. Cultures that use these languages become accustomed to this behaviour and apply this practice to other cultures. This is an unfortunate misuse of capitalisation, even within the same language. Nuessel (1992 p.4) notes that misuse of character case can have serious consequences. Using a well- known Dutch name that contains a tussenvoegsel as an example, it is observed that VINCENT WILLEM VAN GOGH would customarily write his personym as Vincent Willem van Gogh, with the particle presented with lowercase characters. However, this name would not remain intact if it were to be normalised without consideration for the target culture. Consider a hypothetical system that normalises the names it receives. It converts all lowercase characters to uppercase before saving the normalised name to a database. Later, the system retrieves the stored name from the database and attempts to normalise it once again. This time it converts the first character of each word to an uppercase character, which is the procedure Guzman and Verstappen (2001 p.5) use when they choose to blindly “capitalise only the first letters of the surname”. The original name has now been transformed to Vincent Willem Van Gogh, which is lexically incorrect. But now consider normalisation that removes, what the system believes to be, superfluous whitespace. The resulting surname could become vanGough or worse, Vangough. Normalisation is generally a bad practice as far as internationalisation is concerned, but if it really must be employed, the system should be able to reassemble names correctly, through some sort of discrimination process.

Name discrimination could potentially be an arduous task to accomplish, hence the recognition that normalisation is bad practice from an internationalisation perspective. It is worth noting, however, that Baptista et al (2006 p.22) have attempted to identify and correctly capitalise proper names based upon the probability of a word being a noun that is present in a dictionary of anthroponyms called DicPRO. Although there may have been a certain degree of success with this approach, it is not scalable through its manual preparation of dictionaries, although utilisation of the IBM (2011) database might prove to be beneficial. Name databases may appear to be attractive in solving the problem of dividing personyms into their anthroponymic parts, but they are restricted to individual cultures, thereby increasing the effort needed to support cultures around the world. There is, however, an additional challenge. Personyms are free to evolve within cultures that do not control

the use of names with civil laws. Traditional names will be replaced with new and inventive names, or simply with alternative spellings. According to Dematteis et al (1998 p.1) in their introduction, the variable spelling of anthroponyms has a certain degree of predictability, which may even be culturally accepted. But it doesn’t matter how acceptable the evolution of names may be, “spelling differences do cause significant problems for automated systems” (McCallum-Bayliss and Adger 2010 p.224). Spelling differences are just one face of this challenge. When names are transcribed from one language to another they are subjected to phonetic interpretation, which leads Dematteis et al (1998 p.5) to explain that the ‘link between the “owner” and the data being written has been broken’. In other words the owner of the name loses their identity. McCallum-Bayliss and Adger (2010 p.224) also share this concern having, already noted that that the use of statistical analysis of names “may miss the cultural nuances of name variation”.

2.3 Conclusions

This literature review set out to examine the state-of-the-art of anthroponymic classification, as discussed throughout the last six decades, in order to lay the foundation of understanding for the rest of this study. The focus has been on the syntactic and lexical structure of people names across a wide range of cultures, as well as considering some of the stylistic requirements of anthroponyms. The goal was to begin identifying a concrete set of anthroponymic parts that are autonomous; parts that can be used to accurately capture, store, and retrieve anthroponyms world- wide. As a result, the 39 anthroponymic parts identified in section 2.2.10 were garnered from this literature review. However, varying use of anthroponymic terminology had been a challenge. It will, therefore, be necessary to rule out terms that are not useful to some cultures, in favour of more generic terms that can be applied to all cultures. The generic terms may be translated to suit the terminology required by a target culture. Forenames, surnames, title names, parental names and generational suffixes have been covered in great detail because these parts are the most prolific and therefore most frequently discussed parts of anthroponyms. By- names are an extended collection of anthroponymic parts that includes hypocoristic names such as nicknames, epithets, and soubriquets. Clan, tribe, and caste names are used variably, but each has cultural nuances. House names, topoanthroponym, and adopted names have also been briefly touched on. Finally, mononymic cultures

received a thorough investigation, revealing that they are more widespread than initially considered. Although the syntactic structure of anthroponyms, and what the individual parts are called, is the most important aspect of this study, it was also necessary to see if there was any prior research into the stylistic requirements of anthroponyms across cultures. This was a sparsely covered topic that barely scratched the surface of capitalisation, hyphenation, and consequently the impact of normalisation on names containing these styles. Additionally, variation in names due to spelling differences has proven to have been a popular topic raised by the authors in this review. But there appears to be consensus on the gross limitation of name dictionaries as a means to extract anthroponymic parts from personyms. This concern reinforces the need for anthroponymic parts to be accurately recorded at the time of capture, storage, and retrieval; and not to use algorithms and dictionaries to break personyms into their constituent parts.

None of the literature reviewed has attempted to define internationalisation of anthroponyms, nor the localisation of anthroponymic parts. Before starting this paper it was expected that the topic of anthroponymic part classification would have been discussed extensively. The majority of the material garnered from the review was written between 1992 and 2010, and this recent activity might suggest that the study of anthroponyms is becoming more prevalent. Perhaps as the Internet grows in size, touching more people around the world, so the World Wide Web grows too. This provides an ever increasing number of cultures with access to information that has never been seen by them before. But a few people have realised that this information must be localised in order for it to be understood by people in other cultures, and consequently they have also recognised the need to understand how anthroponyms are constructed around the world. Interpol (2006) and Plassard (1996) have been the main contributors to the syntactic structure of anthroponyms, providing terminology and order of anthroponymic parts across a reasonably wide range of cultures. Plassard (1996) provides many terms that have localised variations, which would be worth considering for the final classification. Dematteis et al (1998), McCallum- Bayliss and Adger (2010), Phua et al (2006), as well as Snae and Brückner (2006a and 2006b) have all contributed to the application of anthroponymic parts within systems, such as a database. Nuessel (1992) provided a well-rounded view of anthroponyms, but his research would have benefited greatly from a more

international perspective. It has been noticed, unsurprisingly, that authors are more likely to look at their anthroponymic research from a global perspective if they originate from a non-English speaking culture.

This literature review has raised more questions than answers. Some of the questions will need to be answered later in this paper, whereas other questions will have to be investigated in future projects. For example: Can mononyms and polynyms coexist? If they can coexist, how can a system discriminate between a mononymic culture and a polynymic culture? Do articles and particles need a dedicated anthroponymic part, or can they become a prefix element of an existing part? If articles and particles become prefixes, how will the effected anthroponymic parts be sorted and listed? How flexible are syntactic structures, and can the degree of variation be measured and recorded? Based upon the number of questions raised so far, and perhaps some debate, it can be safely noted that Nuessel (1992 p.126) wasn’t prevaricating in his conclusion, when he suggested that further empirical research into anthroponyms, as a domain of names, was required.

The following chapter provides the research question that has been the impetus of this study, and then it proceeds to explain the individual steps that were taken in an attempt to answer it. The steps of the method are grouped into several logical phases for clarity.

Chapter 3 Method

The purpose of this project was to develop a way of internationalising people names so that they could be accurately captured, stored, and retrieved in a system, without the loss of the owner’s identity. This paper did not set out to understand the meaning of anthroponyms, or where or how they are used in a particular culture or locale. There was no intention to record the variation of anthroponymic parts in every conceivable order, or every conceivable culture for that matter. The short lifetime of this project led to the decision not to consider mapping anthroponymic parts between cultures. Similarly, there would have been insufficient time to develop a proof of concept. Overall, the method set out to answer a single research question:

To what extent can the human name be internationalised, based upon published anthroponymic data?

3.1 Perceived Challenges

A possible concern with the method of this project has been that it was built upon the research carried out by other people. Whilst the source of that data is not doubted, its completeness is. Plassard (1996) focusses solely upon the names of people on a country-by-country basis, whereas Interpol (2006) considers names by language, religion, and ethnicity. Between them, there is very little overlap, and, therefore, insufficient information to corroborate the accuracy of the data, upon which this project is based. Gaps in prior research mean that fringe cultures will not be accounted for in this paper. A fringe culture, in this context, refers to people in a sociological group that is not considered part of a larger, mainstream, culture. The Skolt Sami, for example, are a small community of people, predominantly in northern Finland, with their own language and cultural naming system. Whilst they may not necessarily be classed as a minority group, in political terms, their cultural attributes do differ from those of the Lule Sami in Norway. Failure to record the structure of anthroponyms in this fringe culture has the potential to cause the loss of

a person’s identity in a system, should a new or unexpected anthroponymic part not be handled correctly

3.2 Approach

The method of this project comprised of four phases:

1. define the elements of an anthroponym; 2. develop a model to store the syntactic structure and style of names; 3. gather secondary data from existing sources; and 4. transpose the data into a format suitable for programmatic environments.

3.2.1 Phase 1: Defining the Terminology of Anthroponymic Parts Before the internationalisation of people names could begin, it was necessary to establish the terms for a working set of anthroponymic parts. The established terminology effectively became pigeonholes, into which the individual parts of anthroponyms were dropped, whilst examining the syntactic structure of names from the sampled cultures. The following steps were taken in order to define the terminology of anthroponymic parts:

Step 1: gather and record terms used for the different parts of anthroponyms from all references in the literature review; Step 2: arrange the collected terms into groups, according to their position, purpose, or function within an anthroponym; Step 3: aggregate superfluous terms that are less significant synonyms of a greater term.

The result of this part of the method should be a concise representation of the autonomous elements that make up the anthroponyms of every culture examined in this paper.

3.2.2 Phase 2: Defining the Encoding of Anthroponymic Parts This part of the method improved the rate of data mining. The product of the following steps will be a simple, yet consistent, form of encoding that can be used for the programmatic internationalisation of anthroponyms:

Step 4: devise a human readable code that uniquely identifies each resulting part of anthroponyms from Step 3;

Step 5: devise a human readable code that identifies the intended character case (upper, lower, mixed, insensitive) of text that will be represented by the code;

The developed code must be capable of indicating the sequential order of anthroponymic parts. The coded sequence must accurately represent the order desired by any target culture. The code must also describe the direction in which anthroponyms will flow, either left-to-right or right-to-left. At this stage of the method it will not be known how often a given anthroponymic part is repeated in a syntactic structure. Therefore the code must also be prepared to accommodate the multiplicity of the anthroponymic part it represents, using a suitable form of notation.

This phase is, essentially, the internationalisation of people names. The product of this phase is a reproducible technique that allows localised anthroponyms to be captured, stored, and retrieved again, without loss of data.

3.2.3 Phase 3: Data Mining The third phase of this method centred on the collection of information about the syntactic structure of anthroponyms. The information gathered had to provide a fair representation of the world’s cultures. There was no decisive answer to how many cultures should have been examined, but one possibility was to consider at least one culture from 51% of the world’s countries. There was, unfortunately, no definitive answer to the total number of countries because the definition of a country varied from one entity to another. However, in order to proceed with a figure, a decision was made based upon the United Nations (2013), which recognised 193 member states in addition to an acknowledgement of other regions as observers, and the remainder were disregarded. It was then proposed that this figure be rounded up to 200, and thus the target was to examine 51% of at least one culture in 200 countries. A minimum of 102 cultures in other words. The following steps describe the data mining phase:

Step 6: select a minimum of two independently published sources that contain anthroponymic syntactic structure of different cultures around the world that can produce a yield of 102 cultures or more;

Step 7: extrapolate the syntactic structure of anthroponyms from the chosen sources and record this structure in a table using the anthroponymic part encoding that was devised in Phase 2; Step 8: when all data has been recorded, determine multiplicity by establishing the minimum and maximum number of times each anthroponymic part is presented in all cultures examined; Step 9: refine the anthroponymic part encoding, adding suitable notation that accommodates the results of multiplicity established in Step 8; Step 10: update the arrangement produced in Step 2 with the results of multiplicity established in Step 8.

Upon completion, data in the table of syntactic structures for all cultures examined will be ready for transposition into a format suitable for programmatic purposes.

3.2.4 Phase 4: Prepare Data for the Common Locale Data Repository The final phase of this method focussed on the creation of structured files that met the specific criteria required for use within the Common Locale Data Repository. The following steps referred to version 23 of the Locale Data Mark-up Language specification proposed by Unicode Consortium (2013):

Step 11: using an eXtended Mark-up Language editor, create a Document Type Definition that strictly meets the requirements of the Locale Data Mark-up Language specification; Step 12: the developed Document Type Definition must describe all parts of an anthroponym, which includes the character case, multiplicity, and directionality; Step 13: using an eXtended Mark-up Language editor, create one language- dependent data file for each locale 1 , ensuring every file’s DOCTYPE element declares the path and filename of the Document Type Definition created in Step 12, and that each file conforms to the Locale Data Mark-up Language specification;

1 The Unicode Consortium uses the term locale in the Locale Data Mark-up Language specification. The use of locale is synonymous with culture in the context of this paper. 35

Step 14: for each anthroponymic syntactic structure and style gathered during data mining, transpose its intact encoding to the appropriate data file created in Step 13.

The completion of this phase will have culminated in the development of functional resources that aim to provide a framework for the localisation of anthroponyms.

3.3 How Does the Method Help to Answer the Research Question?

The four phases of the method will produce a Document Type Definition that can be integrated with the Common Locale Data Repository. The Document Type Definition can be used directly within a customised reference implementation, or it can be utilised via existing International Components for Unicode libraries. The Locale Data Mark-up Language files contain the syntactic and lexical structure, and style, of the human name from all cultures examined in this paper. These data files are essentially unique, localised, variations of the Document Type Definition, which are analogous to the genetic nucleobase2 that are strung together in different patterns to form deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules. These two components; the Document Type Definition file and the Locale Data Mark-up Language files are, respectively, the internationalisation of people names and localisation of people names. This method determines the extent to which the human name can be internationalised by establishing the most basic of parts that form a human name, and encoding these parts in a manner that allows them to be customised for a given culture or locale. The precise number of anthroponymic parts required for internationalisation of the human name, and how the parts are utilised, shall be determined by this method.

2 Elements of the nucleobase are often represented using their initials C, G, A, T, and U. 36

Chapter 4 Application of the Method

4.1 Phase 1: Defining the Terminology of Anthroponymic Parts

The first step recorded the terminology used by various authors during the literature review. The resulting terminology gathered was in relation to the different anthroponymic parts being discussed in the text. Figure 3 presents a total of 39 terms that were collected from all of the resources examined in this paper.

Adult Name Honorific Title Paternal Surname By-name House Name Patronym Caste Name Hypocoristic Name Patronymic Christian Name Institutionalised Title Preposition Clan Name Last Name Pseudo-title Coded Name Maternal Forename Religious Name Common Title Maternal Surname Soubriquet Definite Article Matronym Surname Family Name Matronymic Teknonym First Name Middle Name Titular Title Forename Nickname Topoanthroponym Generational Marker Particle Tribe Name Given Name Paternal Forename User Name Figure 3 shows the 39 unfiltered terms used for anthroponymic parts It was ascertained during the literature review that authors were using conflicting terminology for the same anthroponymic parts. This led to the need for some of the terminology to be aggregated in a manner that would avoid ambiguity and redundancy. A Venn diagram was employed during the aggregation of terms because it was capable of representing objects in sets that could form a union. This visual tool assisted in the organisation of the individual anthroponymic parts, but it was not solely responsible for the aggregation. An anthroponym can consist of one part, or many parts, which are respectively known as mononyms and polynyms. Two sets were added to the Venn diagram to represent mononyms and polynyms. A forename, for example, can be a mononym as well as part of a polynym. Therefore the mononym and polynym sets had to create a union of anthroponymic parts that could exist in both sets. Two additional sets were added to the diagram to represent

the independent parts of an anthroponym that do not necessarily exist in the core of a name, but are still, nonetheless, a required part when used in a more formal context, for example. The two new sets represent anthroponymic parts before a personym, called pre-nominal, and parts after a personym, called post-nominal. Since pre- nominal parts, such as the titles MR and MRS, do not normally exist on their own, it was necessary to position the pre-nominal set so that it would create a union with the polynym set. The reason for not placing it entirely within the polynym set, making it a subset of polynym, was because it was not clear at that stage whether there would be any pre-nominal parts that were capable of existing on their own. The post- nominal set was also placed to create a union with the polynym set because, again, it was not known whether any post-nominal part could exist by itself as a mononym, or whether it could become a subset of polynym. With the four sets now defined, it was possible to place all of the terms into their respective set. Where parts could be considered to reside in two sets, they were placed within the union of the two sets.

Figure 4 shows the initial Venn diagram of anthroponymic parts

The resulting Venn diagram of the unfiltered anthroponymic parts, as shown in Figure 4, was subsequently subjected to the next round of grouping. This involved the aggregation of terms, removal of redundant terms, and introduction of surrogate terms. The ensuing task was to aggregate terms to remove the redundancies. This required careful thought about the purpose of a given anthroponymic part and how it is used in an anthroponym. First name, for example, given name, Christian name, and forename have, in the loosest sense, the same purpose. Each one uniquely identifies a person within a collective unit. In contrast, last name, family name and surname identify many individuals as one unit. Forenames and surnames must have equal value when considering internationalisation. But a bias is naturally introduced during localisation, which is the desired effect. The middle name, which could well be the second forename in this context, is a powerful decider when, say, there is a list of ten people with the same initial forename and same surname, for example, JOHN SMITH. It is the subsequent forenames that will distinguish one John Smith from another. To demonstrate this, three lists are shown in Figure 5, each containing the names of ten individual people, all with the name John Smith. Nobody in the first list has additional forenames, and the second and third list contains four individuals with two forenames. The search criterion is shown at the top of each list and the desired John Smith in each list is identified with an arrow ().

Find: Find: Find: JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN A SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN ALBERT SMITH JOHN ALBERT SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN ALBERT SMITH JOHN ALBERT SMITH  JOHN SMITH JOHN JAMES SMITH JOHN JAMES SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SIMON SMITH JOHN SIMON SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH JOHN SMITH  JOHN SMITH  JOHN SMITH Probability of Probability of Probability of first match = 10% first match = 17% first match = 50%

Figure 5 shows the increased probability of finding a name by possessing multiple forenames In order to enhance the point, a variation of Sod’s Law is used to generate the list, which loosely states: What you seek will always be in the last place you look. At the bottom of each list is a value that shows the probability of finding the desired name, based upon the search criteria. This demonstrates that the use of additional

forenames is more important than the first forename and the surname, simply because it is the deciding factor when the first forename and surname are identical.

Nickname was chosen to be the term that encapsulated adult name, coded name, and user name because the definition of a nickname is less specific than a name that is associated with age or secretive purpose. All of these anthroponymic parts exist only once in a name and therefore cannot co-exist with each other. Their aggregation was enhanced with two additional terms; unique identifier and user ID. These two new terms, or sub-terms, were not discussed in the literature review, but they were added as synonyms to help expand the scope of the nickname anthroponymic part.

By-name became the second anthroponymic part to be aggregated. It encapsulated the terms topoanthroponym, hypocoristic name, soubriquet, and teknonym. By-name is a generic term that is disassociated from location, personal expression, or familial relationships. By-name defines the part of a person’s name that is given, or adopted, in addition to their primary name parts. Because a by-name is defined as an extra name, it explains why the aggregated by-name part does not include forename. The third aggregated part is forename, which encapsulates given name, first name, middle name, and Christian name. Forename was chosen to lead this anthroponymic part because it is the least likely term to tie a name to a religion, the position of the part within a personym, or how a person obtained the name. An additional synonym, called biblical name, was added to the aggregation to reinforce the idea that there are other names that have religious connotations, but without calling them religious names, which is an entirely different name part. Patronymic and matronymic names were grouped together because they serve exactly the same function, regardless of whether the person’s name is patrilineal or matrilineal. However, because these parts are often treated differently to forenames, when sorting a list of names for example, they could not be aggregated with forenames.

Surname was chosen to encapsulate family name and last name because the term does not associate a person’s name with a family unit, and nor does it define where that name part resides within a personym. During the literature review it was found that particles, such as the Dutch tussenvoegsel UIT DEN, were found to have special treatment when they formed part of a person’s surname. Since this special

treatment would present a challenge in programmatic environments, it was decided to give particles a dedicated anthroponymic part so that they may be separated from the surname if necessary. The final aggregation that took place was the formation of a new term called community name, which encapsulated tribe name, clan name, house name, caste name and religious name. All of these terms describe a name part that is given in relation to a person’s position within a community. None of these terms could rightfully encapsulate the other and as such the community name was created for this purpose. Lastly, institutionalised title and titular title were ruled-out during the literature review because they were considered to be the same as common titles. Honorific title, its associated definite article, and the generational marker were not aggregated because they were found to have autonomous functions during the review. A total of 11 anthroponymic parts (Figure 7) remained after all of the aggregation was completed, and Figure 6 shows this result in the Venn diagram.

Figure 6 shows the interim Venn diagram of anthroponymic parts

Definite Article Forename Particle By-name Generational Marker Patronymic/Matronymic Common Title Honorific Title Surname Community Name Nickname Figure 7 shows the final collection of 11 terms for anthroponymic parts 4.2 Phase 2: Defining the Encoding of Anthroponymic Parts

It was observed during the literature review that there were four stylistic requirements for the presentation of written anthroponyms. All four styles were related to the character case of a word or words that belong to the associated anthroponymic part. The four cases are lower-case, upper-case, mixed-case, and insensitive-case, and they have been included in the encoding of anthroponymic parts as an optional first element. The first element (Figure 8) indicates the character case of the anthroponymic part that it is attached to. The options for this first element are the same; lower-case, upper-case, mixed-case, and insensitive-case, which are represented by the initial character of each option; l, u, m, and i. An initial is employed to ensure the final code is as short as possible. The anthroponymic sort order does not consider character case and therefore the first element is not required in the sort order pattern, hence the first element is optional.

First Element: Style Code Definition l Lower-case u Upper-case m Mixed-case i Insensitive-case

Figure 8 shows the case element of anthroponymic encoding The second element is mandatory. It indicates the type of anthroponymic part with a two-character code (Figure 9). The value of the two-character code could be a combination of any character between AA and ZZ. However, the letters chosen for this project are a loosely syllabic or initialised version of the anthroponymic term. This decision was made in an attempt to help make it faster to decipher the codes. Two characters are always used for consistency, regardless of whether the definition suggests just one character is needed.

Second Element: Anthroponymic Part Code Definition Code Definition DA Definite Article FN Forename HT Honorific Title PM (P|M)atronymic CT Common Title SN Surname NN Nickname CN Community Name BN By-name GM Generational Marker PA Particle

Figure 9 shows the part name element of anthroponymic encoding Each encoded anthroponymic part is encapsulated using paired curly braces { }, which act as a boundary for the code contained within them. The use of braces helps to provide clarity by separating the codes further apart. Curly braces are not mandatory; several other forms of punctuation could be used instead, but curly braces were chosen for their familiarity with certain programming languages, such as Java and Perl. Encoded anthroponymic parts may be concatenated to form a string, using any necessary punctuation or whitespace, to represent the syntactic structure of anthroponyms. For example: {uSN}, {mFN} {mPM} ({mPM}), {mCT}. The order of anthroponymic parts is significant. Therefore, the order in which the encoded parts are written in a string reflects the order required by the target culture. Additionally, the direction of anthroponymic parts is emphasised by the left alignment (Figure 10) or right alignment (Figure 11) of an encoded string of text. This visual representation of directionality is only beneficial when writing the encoded string as text. A different approach will be required when the encoding is applied to a programmatic environment.

Figure 10 shows a left-to-right anthroponym

Figure 11 shows a right-to-left anthroponym At the end of this phase, the encoding was incomplete because it did not include the notation for multiplicity. However, the incomplete list of possible codes at this stage is shown in Figure 12.

{DA} {iDA} {uDA} {mDA} {lDA} {HT} {iHT} {uHT} {mHT} {lHT} {CT} {iCT} {uCT} {mCT} {lCT} {NN} {iNN} {uNN} {mNN} {lNN} {BN} {iBN} {uBN} {mBN} {lBN} {PA} {iPA} {uPA} {mPA} {lPA} {FN} {iFN} {uFN} {mFN} {lFN} {PM} {iPM} {uPM} {mPM} {lPM} {SN} {iSN} {uSN} {mSN} {lSN} {CN} {iCN} {uCN} {mCN} {lCN} {GM} {iGM} {uGM} {mGM} {lGM} Figure 12 shows anthroponymic encoding without multiplicity notation 4.3 Phase 3: Data Mining

Two resources, Plassard (1996) and Interpol (2006), were selected as the source of data for this study. Their prior research allowed for a total of 148 cultures to be examined, generating 1,919 individual records of anthroponymic syntactic structure. The source of extrapolated data includes the cataloguing of names in international libraries, and a guide provided to international governments and agencies to assist with the identification of people possessing unfamiliar names. Appendix A contains a record of the natural order, sort order, and list order of anthroponymic parts, their style and directionality of data extrapolated from the two resources, which spanned a total 148 cultures. The extrapolation took the multiplicity of anthroponymic parts into account by measuring the number of times a given part was repeated within each pattern. This value was recorded as an integer in the table of extrapolated data (Appendix A) in the appropriate column representing the anthroponymic part. Common titles were captured for each culture when they were provided in a resource. Many of the titles displayed in the resources were, however, transliterations of the original language script. The simplified Chinese transliteration of the common title MR (先生) was displayed in the resource as XIANSHENG (Interpol 2006 p.56-59). The most noticeable aspect of this transliteration is the total lack of tonal markings, which should have been transliterated as XIĀNSHĒNG, had the correct phonetic pinyin system been used. Heightened awareness of the frequent use of transliteration induced a level of caution. Therefore, common titles chosen to

be inserted into the Locale Data Mark-up Language data files were carefully selected from samples demonstrating the correct script for the language of each target culture.

Figure 13 shows an extract of Plassard 1996 p.46 for Cameroon Figure 13 contains a collection of anthroponymic patterns for Cameroon that was extracted from Plassard (1996 p.46). The second column titled “Entry element” defines the first anthroponymic part to be presented in list order. The greatest challenge during the data mining phase was in attempting to identify all of the other anthroponymic parts given in a personym, as written in the “Examples” column. Each and every personym provided in this resource was vital to this project. However, it was crucial that each personym was accurately disassembled into its

individual parts so that they could be correctly recorded in the table of extrapolated anthroponymic data in Appendix A. Therefore it was imperative that each element of the given name was recognised and mapped to the appropriate anthroponymic part. For example, the Cameroonian personym ETEKI A’ MBUMUA, WILLIAM AURÉLIEN needed to be broken down to the following:

1. a compound patronymic formed from two surnames Eteki and Mbumua connected with the particle ba’, which is abbreviated to a’; 2. a Western forename William; and 3. a simple patronymic Aurélien.

After identification of the individual anthroponymic parts, it was then necessary to encode the pattern, including the desired styles and punctuation. This example resulted in the pattern {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mPM2}. In contrast, Interpol (2006) had improved the identification of individual anthroponymic parts by colour-coding them. The extract provided in Figure 14 shows the colour-coding being employed as an underlining of each part in a given personym; red = forename, yellow = religious name, and blue = surname (there is no colour in the printed version of this paper). It should be observed that common titles in the provided Guajarati-Hindu Sikh examples were not underlined. This may have been intentional, possibly because the common titles provided were presumed to be well known, in the English language at least. But they were, nonetheless, entered into the table of extrapolated anthroponymic data in Appendix A to ensure there was a record of the pattern.

Another difficulty faced was the inconsistent presentation of anthroponymic parts and their syntactic structure. Occasionally, Plassard (1996) and Interpol (2006) would present different parts and patterns for the same culture, region, or locale. To demonstrate this inconsistency, compare Interpol (2006 p.47) in Figure 14 and Plassard (1996 p.94) in Figure 15, for example, and it will be noticed that Plassard provides GHANDI, MOHANDAS KARAMCHAND, encoded as {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iPM1}, but Interpol does not provide any indication of a patronymic being used in the list of personyms or examples. However, Interpol (2006), having been written a decade later, does not reference Plassard (1996). It is a result of original research, so it may be the case that these inconsistencies are the consequence of incomplete research.

Figure 14 shows an extract of Interpol 2006 p.47 for Gujurati-Hindu Sikhs

Figure 15 shows an extract of Plassard 1996 p.94 for India

Steps 9 and 10 of the method were carried out after determining the multiplicity of anthroponymic parts, resulting in the introduction of the third element of the encoding, and a refinement of the Venn diagram, as shown in Figure 19. The third element shown in Figure 16 contains a variable integer. The presence of the third element indicates the part’s iteration in a sequence of parts of the same type. The third element’s absence plainly indicates that it is the only instance of this type of part in a pattern. The following encoded parts do not have a third element: DA, HT, NN, BN, CN, and GM. A third element is not required in these cases because each part never occurred more than once in any anthroponym examined in this project. Figure 18 shows the placement of the third element in all coded parts except {mHT}.

Third Element: Multiplicity Code Definition The only instance of a code 1 First of one or more instances of a code 2 Second of two or more instances of a code 3 Third of three instances of a code

Figure 16 shows the multiplicity element of anthroponymic encoding International variations of 24 cultures were also included for future use, although it must be noted that this additional data was interpreted from the extrapolated data, not from the sampled data. Figure 18 demonstrates the implementation of an international version of the Arabic example shown in Figure 17. It will initially be observed that the international version of this Arabic list order is left aligned. Secondly, the order of the anthroponymic parts runs from left-to-right. The third observation will be the difference in style, which has changed from all parts being insensitive-case to a mixture of upper-case and mixed-case. This mixture of character cases is the same as that used by the majority of the cultures examined in this study.

{iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} Figure 17 shows a sample of Arabic encoding

{uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} Figure 18 shows a sample of international Arabic encoding

The resulting Venn diagram (Figure 19) demonstrates the addition of relational parts and annotations that indicate the relationships between the various elements in the diagram. The relational parts, such as Paternal Forename, were added to the drawing to provide clarity where patronyms and patronymics are concerned, but they are not anthroponymic parts in their own right. The relationship annotations were added to show how different parts were believed to be related to each other. For example, a matronymic is a forename, but a particle is, nonetheless, associated with a surname. These additional parts are considered as embellishments to the diagram, but they are not essential to the outcome of this study.

Figure 19 shows the final Venn diagram of anthroponymic parts 4.4 Phase 4: Prepare Data for the Common Locale Data Repository

The completed Venn diagram shown in Figure 19 was used as a guide during the creation of the Document Type Definition file called ldlAnthroponyms.dtd. A printed copy of this file is provided in Appendix B. A Document Type Definition defines the grammar used for declarations provided inside an eXtensible Mark-up

Language file. The Document Type Definition was created in an application called XMLSpy, an eXtensible Mark-up Language file editor, to ensure the syntax of the file format was correct and well-formed. The structure of ldlAnthroponyms.dtd was written to meet the standard set by the Unicode Consortium (2013), a standard called Unicode Technical Standard #35. This standard also defines the structure of Locale Data Mark-up Language files. Before the Document Type Definition file could be created, it was necessary to define the hierarchy of elements within an anthroponym. Figure 20 is a basic tree of the relationship between the parts, patterns, titles, and generational markers in an anthroponym. The individual elements are derived from the collection of different elements that were extrapolated during the data mining phase.

Figure 20 shows the proposed anthroponym hierarchy Further development of the hierarchy resulted in another diagram that loosely describes the structure of the Document Type Definition. The anthroponym entity diagram (Figure 21) contains encapsulated blocks of information, which are the Document Type Definition elements, and text inside the white boxes represents the attributes of the associated elements. The structure of this element diagram was subsequently replicated inside ldlAnthroponyms.dtd using XMLSpy, ensuring that it complied with Unicode Technical Standard #35.

Figure 21 shows the proposed anthroponym entities and their attributes The completed Document Type Definition file was then used as the foundation upon which Locale Data Mark-up Language data files were constructed for each culture examined. Appendix C contains a small sample taken from the 124 files that describe the anthroponymic syntactic structure of the cultures examined. Each localised data file was created in XMLSpy, which automatically validated the contents against ldlAnthroponyms.dtd, to ensure the structure of the localised data conformed to the grammar defined within the Document Type Definition. This was achieved through the addition of the following DOCTYPE declaration at the top of each file, which points to a sibling directory called dtd containing ldmlAnthroponyms.dtd:

The collection of Locale Data Mark-up Language data files began with the creation of a template. This temporary file contained all mandatory and optional elements and their attributes. This improved the accuracy of the content and ensured the file was well-formed from the outset when the template was copied to a new file. The first permanent data file to be created was root.xml. This file is, essentially, the fall-back mechanism, should a required localised data file not be available. It

contains the bare minimum of elements that can represent any unsupported culture, which is a single nickname.

{NN} {mNN} {uNN} Figure 22 shows the fallbackPattern element inside root.xml

Figure 22 shows a snippet of text taken from root.xml that contains the element called fallbackPattern, and Figure 23 shows only the elements and attributes inside the Document Type Definition file ldmlAnthroponyms.dtd that fallbackPattern must comply with, in order to be well-formed.

Figure 23 shows elements and attributes associated with fallbackPattern The remaining Locale Data Mark-up Language data files were created in the same manner as root.xml, but the data entered into the elements and attributes was copied verbatim from the table of data gathered during the data mining phase. Each generated file represents a root language or a specific locale (language and region), and is appropriately named. Language and locale codes used inside the files, and for the filenames, conform to the Unicode Consortium’s Best Current Practice 47, which incorporates more detail in the codes, such as the name of a language’s written script. The majority of the Locale Data Mark-up Language data files represent the root language. Some cultures in the resources referred to other cultures. New Zealand, for example, refers to United Kingdom (Plassard 1996 pp.162-160), and in cases such as this it was necessary to ensure the root language supported associated locales using the validSubLocales attribute of the anthroponyms element, which is a Unicode Technical Standard #35 recommendation. The following snippet was taken from the Portuguese file pt.xml; it demonstrates that Portuguese Portugal

(pt_PT) and Portuguese Brazil (pt_BR) are both considered to be sub-locales of the root language:

At the end of this phase, 123 localised data files joined root.xml and ldmlAnthroponyms.dtd to form the product of this project. All of the generated Locale Data Mark-up Language data files are shown in Figure 24. af.xml fr.xml luo.xml sme.xml am.xml fr_BF.xml lv.xml sme_FI.xml ar.xml fr_BI.xml mg.xml so.xml ar_DZ.xml fr_CI.xml mi.xml so_KE.xml ar_LB.xml fr_CM.xml mk.xml sq.xml az.xml fr_NC.xml mnk_GM.xml sr.xml be.xml fr_SN.xml mo.xml sr_Latn_BA.xml bg.xml ga.xml ms.xml ss.xml bn.xml ha_Latn_NG.xml mt.xml st.xml bnt_KE.xml he.xml my.xml sv.xml bs.xml hi.xml nb.xml sw_KE.xml bs_BA.xml hr.xml nd.xml sw_TZ.xml bs_Latn.xml hr_BA.xml nl.xml sw_UG.xml bs_Latn_BA.xml hu.xml nn.xml ta_LK.xml cs.xml hy.xml nr.xml ta_SG.xml cy.xml iba.xml nso.xml tg.xml da.xml id.xml ny.xml th.xml de.xml ig.xml pa.xml tk.xml el.xml is.xml pko.xml tn.xml en_AU.xml it.xml pl.xml tr.xml en_BW.xml iu_CA.xml prs_AF.xml ts.xml en_GB.xml ja.xml ps_AF.xml uk.xml en_GH.xml ka_GE.xml pt.xml ur.xml en_IE.xml kk.xml pt_BR.xml uz.xml en_US.xml kln.xml rn_BI.xml ve.xml en_ZA.xml km.xml ro.xml vi.xml es.xml kn.xml root.xml wo.xml es_PE.xml ko.xml ru.xml xh.xml et.xml ku.xml si.xml yo.xml fa.xml ky.xml sk.xml zh.xml fi.xml lt.xml sl.xml zu.xml

Figure 24 shows 124 Locale Data Mark-up Language data files The next chapter provides an evaluation of this project. It is a discussion that analyses the output of each phase of the method, providing justification for the approach taken where necessary.

Chapter 5 Evaluation

This chapter analyses the 39 anthroponymic terms that were discovered during the literature review. It tries to provide an explanation for the choices that were made whilst compiling the terms into a working set of 11 anthroponymic parts that would eventually become the basic elements of the Document Type Definition. This evaluation subsequently looks at the individual elements used to construct the anthroponymic encoding, the use of fall-back patterns, and how the Document Type Definition is relevant to Locale Data Mark-up Language files. It ends with some concerns that became apparent along this project’s journey. One concern in particular is the subjective use of anthroponymic terminology and how this might impact similar projects in the future.

5.1 Anthroponymic Part Compilation

The literature review helped greatly in the identification of anthroponymic parts, their terminology, and definitions. With this approach it was possible to test the references in order to see how far they had progressed with classifying the individual parts of anthroponyms, and whether they had discovered any stylistic trends that could be reproduced. However, it was clear there would be some undesired redundancy, even within the same resource, due to the overlapping terms, such as first name and forename. The redundancies had to be eradicated by consolidating anthroponymic parts that were, essentially, identical in meaning and purpose. To assist in this process of consolidation, a Venn diagram (Figure 19) was created. The diagram started with four sets: mononym, polynym, pre-nominal, and post-nominal. These sets describe the four groups in which anthroponymic parts can exist. A pre-nominal set can only exist before a name and a post-nominal set can only exist after a name. These sets were placed accordingly on either side of the polynym set. They could not create a union with the mononym set because their presence would, in effect, construct a polynym. However, parts that exist as a mononym can also form part of a polynym. A union between the mononym set and the polynym set was, therefore, permitted. With the relationship between the four sets defined in the Venn diagram, it was possible to place all anthroponymic parts into a set that was believed to be the best fit, ensuring that they were placed inside unions when appropriate.

Choosing which terms to use for the aggregated anthroponymic parts demanded care, in order to avoid ambiguity. Forename was chosen to represent unique names within a collective unit because it describes the general location of the part within an anthroponym. This choice avoided any connotations with religion, ordinal positioning, or how a person acquired the name. Family name, last name, and surname were also aggregated because they have the same function, but surname became the overriding term. This is because last name is not always found at the end of an anthroponym. Spanish and Portuguese surnames, for example, consist of two to four patrilineal and matrilineal names, but only one of these names can be last in a series. The use of surname also avoided the implication of a familial bond when a name had no relationship with other people in a family unit (a stage name for example).

The remaining aggregations were relatively easy to form in comparison to forenames and surnames. The third formed the community name, a new term that groups tribe, clan, and house names, in addition to caste and religious names. The syntactic structure of all anthroponyms examined in this project contained no more than one instance of any member of this group, and in each case, the anthroponymic part identified a person or their position within a society, or community. The fourth aggregation was nickname, which is comprised of adult name, coded name, and user name. A nickname is primarily a mononym, the only name that a person might possess. During the study, it was found that cultures in Indonesia, Canada, and Australia possess nicknames, which are distinguishable from by-names, forenames, and surnames. It could, however, be argued that a nickname is a by-name, more so a hypocoristic name or soubriquet, but its autonomous function was the reason for giving nickname its own anthroponymic part. Nonetheless, this relationship between nicknames and by-names is indicated in the Venn diagram to avoid any future miscommunication. The final aggregation has already been introduced as a by-name, which consists of topoanthroponyms, teknonyms, soubriquets, and hypocoristic names that tend to be coincidental, and may be tagged onto other parts to form an anthroponym.

Patronymic and matronymic names, formed from a paternal or maternal forename, were combined into a single anthroponymic part that can be present in an anthroponym up to three times. They were given their own anthroponymic part

because of their autonomy in a name. The syntactic structure of names examined in this project suggested that patronymic and matronymic names were not treated as forenames. They were found in varying locations within an anthroponym and were sorted or listed using one or two parts in different orders. This indicated they were autonomous parts and therefore deserved a dedicated anthroponymic part. Particles were also given a dedicated part. In some cases a particle is considered an integral element of a surname, but in other cases they were not. For example, Dutch surnames exclude particles during sorting, which would introduce potential difficulties for systems that are unaware of localised particles and how to ignore them in sorting algorithms. Therefore giving particles an anthroponymic part of their own alleviates this concern.

Common titles, such as Mr, Mrs, Miss, and Sir, are already understood to be a separate part of a name and, in many cultures, are usually only used when addressing someone formally. However, an additional anthroponymic part was created for honorific titles because these rarely used parts of a name were being treated differently from common titles, or in addition to common titles. Honorific titles may optionally be prefixed with the definite article, which has also been provided with a separate anthroponymic part. Arguably, though, common title, honorific title, and the definite article could quite easily be combined as one anthroponymic part and simply referred to as a title. However, the creation of three separate anthroponymic parts can still be justified because their independent use varies, depending upon formal or informal situations. Finally, the rarely used generational marker remains uncontested as an autonomous post-nominal and, therefore, deserves its own anthroponymic part.

Use of the Venn diagram in Figure 19 and careful aggregation of terminology resulted in a collection of eleven anthroponymic parts: definite article, honorific title, common title, nickname, by-name, particle, forename, patronymic/matronymic, surname, community name, and generational marker. To provide a better understanding of the Venn diagram, all terms aggregated into anthroponymic parts have been added as synonyms, and relationships between parts have been introduced where necessary. This aggregation of terms is not totally deterministic, though. Had someone else performed this task, it is probable that they may have chosen to aggregate the terms differently. They might, perhaps, have included nickname as a synonym of forename, or caste name as a synonym of surname. However, the

decisions made in this project reflected a subjective judgement that was based upon the definition of each term, the need to avoid misleading and discriminating terminology, in addition to removing ambiguity. Determining the differences between a nickname and a by-name was the hardest decision to make because their properties are all so similar. They are all mononyms that are given to, or assumed by, a person. However, the final decision defined a nickname to be an anthroponymic part that can only exist entirely on its own as a mononym, but not as part of a polynym. Once that definition was written down, it was a matter of determining whether the other terms – adult name, coded name, hypocoristic name, soubriquet, teknonym, topoanthroponym, and user name – belonged in nickname or by-name.

Anthroponymic parts, or name elements, according to Plassard (1996), were examined on a country-by-country basis. Each country was identified by a row in a table, and the title of each anthroponymic part for that country was added as a column in the table. The intersection of country and anthroponymic part was marked to indicate that the anthroponymic part was a requirement of that country. This was repeated for each part in the anthroponym. Careful attention was paid to the notes accompanying a record. The notes were important because they contained information that could have influenced the outcome of an anthroponym’s syntactic structure. The order of anthroponymic parts, which is presented separately in Plassard 1996), was then recorded using a simple shorthand form of encoding that could also indicate the character case and directionality of the parts. Data extracted from each country in Plassard (1996) was recorded in this manner. This approach to data extraction was then repeated with Interpol (2006), but information was gathered by language instead of country. In addition, Interpol (2006) provided many localised examples of common title, which were recorded as side notes for future use. Where data collected from Interpol (2006) and Plassard (1996) matched, one of them was marked as a duplicate. This made it easier to avoid entering duplicates into the Common Locale Data Repository later on.

The remainder of this evaluation examines the output of this study and, where necessary, provides justification for the method that was carried out to achieve it.

5.2 Anthroponymic Part Encoding

For the parts of an anthroponym to be expressed in a clear and concise manner it was necessary to use a form of encoded shorthand that could be used repetitively, but still be meaningful when read by a human. Binary and hexadecimal formats were considered as alternative formats, and even though they would have been ideal for a computer to understand, binary and hexadecimal number systems would have been very difficult for a person to read, potentially increasing the chances of errors being introduced into the data. The encoding method consists of three elements; character case, anthroponymic part, and multiplicity.

5.2.1 Order The sequence of anthroponymic parts is significant, and this study has examined the order for three different purposes. The order in which people would write, or speak, their full name is the natural order, complete with punctuation and other common markings for their culture, e.g. DR. HENRY WALTON “INDIANA” JONES JR., The sort order determines the anthroponymic parts that are considered by a system for sorting a given syntactic structure, according to cultural requirements. For example, {SN1}{FN1} indicates that collation of the first surname occurs before the first forename. There may be other surnames or forenames, and any other parts in the name, but only these two parts are to be considered for sorting. The sort order is not concerned with character case, which explains why the first element, multiplicity, is not included in the anthroponymic part code. The third order defines how anthroponymic parts are presented in lists, such as a phone book. The list order, does take into account character case, punctuation and other markings that are appropriate for the cultural syntactic structure.

5.2.2 Directionality The alignment and order of anthroponymic parts in the table of extrapolated anthroponymic data was an indication of the expected directionality. Cultures that use bi-directional written languages, such as Arabic, Hebrew, and Urdu, expect the flow of names to be written from right-to-left. Therefore it was necessary to record behaviour in the table using a simple method of alignment and reordering of the encoding. In addition, an international version was synthesised from the bi- directional data that was extrapolated in this project. The intended purpose of the

international version was to maintain an alternative left-to-right structure, accounting for a Latin-based script and character case, for systems that could not accurately handle bi-directional names. Figure 25 shows an example of an international version.

Bi-directional name {iSN1} {iPM1} {iFN1} Bi-directional name (international) {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1}

Figure 25 shows a bi-directional anthroponym and its international form 5.2.3 Multiplicity The total number of parts was calculated for each record in the table of extrapolated anthroponymic data, and the minimum and maximum number was determined from this column. This provided a guide as to what the least and most number of parts that the Document Type Definition would have to handle. This procedure was repeated on each column containing an anthroponymic part. The purpose, in this case, was to determine the minimum and maximum number for the individual parts. From this point onwards, they became known as the multiplicity value. This value helped to refine the encoding; such that two apparently identical surname parts {SN} z {SN} became {SN1} z {SN2}, for example.

An alternative approach would have been to add attributes for minimum and maximum numbers in the Document Type Definition and Locale Data Mark-up Language files. But this technique would have been difficult to handle programmatically because there is no way to uniquely identify the same parts in a string. Thus {SN} in the string {SN} z {SN} might as well be a replica of itself.

5.2.4 Encapsulation Markers The use of paired curly braces { } is a familiar programmatic technique used as a placeholder for a variable or a set of variables. The variable can be any programmatic type, but typically it is a Boolean, integer, or string value. This is a notable technique used in Java resource files, and the source code of the interpreted programming language called Perl.

5.3 Data Mining

This study gathered data for a representative sample of 148 cultures, 46 more than anticipated, raising the scope of this project to 74% of primary cultures in 200

countries3 . A total of 539 anthroponymic patterns were found, of which 35 (or 6.49%) were duplicates. All patterns were expanded prior to generation of the Locale Data Mark-up Language data files. This involved replicating data that would be used for multiple locales. That is to say, when a resource stated “See United Kingdom”, for example, the records for United Kingdom were replicated in the target locale’s part of the table. The result of this expansion was a total of 1,919 records, of which only 71 (or 3.69%) were duplicates. All duplicates were ignored during the fourth phase of this project to avoid the future risk of a system being confused by them. The limited timeframe, in which this project had to be conducted, was the deciding factor in how the data was collected. Had there been sufficient time, original research would have been conducted in the form of a survey. This would not, however, have guaranteed a fair representation of all of the world’s cultures. It could be hypothesised that respondents would have only represented cultures within developed nations and/or nations with reliable Internet access, and not necessarily from cultures that might have interesting anthroponymic syntactic structures.

5.4 Product

The product of this study consists of an internationalised Document Type Definition and a localised collection of Locale Data Mark-up Language data files.

5.4.1 Document Type Definition The resulting Document Type Definition describes the human name as a collection of anthroponymic parts, their style, multiplicity, order, and directionality. The Document Type Definition conforms to the Locale Data Mark-up Language specification that is maintained by the Unicode Consortium, and it exists in a format that is extensible, so should there be a discovery of new anthroponymic parts, they can be added easily. The structure of the Document Type Definition has allowed for the localisation of anthroponymic part names, meaning that the Locale Data Mark-up Language data files can contain localised terminology. This structure also suggests that a system does not need to be concerned with handling translations because they are contained within the localised data files.

3 The number of countries is calculated in section 3.2.3 61

The ability to handle fall-back patterns was also added. This was not considered before starting this paper, but closer examination of other Common Locale Data Repository features suggested that it would be worth considering. The fallbackPattern element supports the same order element as the common pattern element. Its purpose is to provide a mechanism for serving an anthroponymic part pattern in the event that a desired pattern cannot be given. Directionality was also added to the order element as an attribute called direction. The directionality needed to be defined this way because a system cannot be expected to automatically know which direction the parts of a name should be captured or presented. The values for this attribute are “left-to-right”, “right-to- left”, and “none”. An example of the direction attribute in a Locale Data Mark- up Language file follows:

{iSN1} {iPM1} {iFN1}

5.4.2 Locale Data Mark-up Language Files With the Document Type Definition defined and validated, it was possible to quickly create new data files based upon it, and then transpose the data to them. This task was carried out manually because there was insufficient time to write a software program to automatically transpose the data from the tables into eXtensible Mark-up Language files. However, the use of an eXtensible Mark-up Language editor ensured no errors were introduced during the transposition.

The data files were stored in a directory called anthroponyms, while the Document Type Definition was stored in a separate path at the same level called dtd. All of the data files contain an element called DOCTYPE. The value for this element is a path and filename, which was adjusted to reflect the relative positioning of the two file types. This approach is similar to that used within the Common Locale Data Repository, which is expected to reduce the amount of effort required for integration of the new files at a future date.

5.5 Summary

To determine if the research question has been answered or not, it is necessary to look at whether it was a) possible to internationalise people names, and if so, b) how much of the human name can be internationalised.

Evidently it is possible, through the production of Locale Data Mark-up Language files, to internationalise the human name. These localised files contain a unique encoding of the syntactic and lexical structure of anthroponyms for a target locale or culture. The encoding accommodates the culture’s desired written style and multiplicity of parts. The ability to successfully customise the cultural requirements of anthroponyms for any locale – the localisation of names – suggests that in order to achieve this, the human name had to be internationalised beforehand. Internationalisation, by this paper’s definition, is the process of creating something that is culturally neutral, so that it may be quickly and effectively localised. In this case, the “something” that has been made culturally neutral is the Data Type Definition, which is, by design, culturally agnostic. It has no knowledge of name patterns for any culture. It is unaware of locale. It merely contains the components that make up a human name. Ergo, the human name is internationalised.

The second part of the question needs to address the extent of this internationalisation, whilst taking into consideration the limitations of the sources of the data examined in this project. This is a difficult question to answer because there could be several answers depending upon point of view. If the extent is measured by the ability to internationalise anthroponyms for all 200 countries calculated in this paper. Then it has been possible to internationalise the human name for at least 74% of the countries in the world. The remaining 26% lacks the data to determine if there are more anthroponymic parts required and/or different styles. If, however, the measurement was based upon the population of these countries, then the extent as a percentage of the world’s population is likely to be higher, considering that this study has localised anthroponyms for the top 50 most populated countries. As an estimate, this approach could account for 80-90% coverage, thereby providing more certainty about the effectiveness of internationalisation of the human name. An alternative answer may come from a cultural perspective. If, hypothetically, cultures matched languages one-for-one, and there are 7,105 living languages (Ethnologue 2013), then

the extent to which the human name can be internationalised is measured as the number of languages examined during the data mining phase as a percentage of all living languages. This point of view would, therefore, produce a significantly lower figure of 1.73%4. But of the 7,105 living languages, 2,387 are considered to be endangered by Ethnologue (2013). As a poor representation of the world’s cultures, this may also be an indecisive way of analysing the extent.

Whilst it is possible to firmly state that the human name can be internationalised, it is the extent to which the name can be internationalised that remains uncertain. Perhaps the method of appraisal could have been determined before this study commenced. Although it must be remembered that the goal of this project was to determine how much of the human name could be internationalised, based upon the cultural data examined, not the cultures of world’s entire population. With that assertion in mind, attention is drawn back to the evaluation in section 5.3, which determined that 3.69% of the expanded data consisted of duplicates. Therefore, in conclusion, the extent to which the human name can be internationalised is 96.31% of the published anthroponymic data examined in this paper.

The discussion and examination of this project’s outcome will now be summarised with a few words of concern about the deficiencies detected, followed by a positive look at future research that might have potential for the internationalisation of people names.

5.5.1 Concerns One point that must be documented is the ambiguity surrounding the meaning and purpose of some anthroponymic parts, and whilst this study has diligently identified and classified 11 major parts, the act of pigeonholing personyms continues to be a subjective issue. Using LORD SIR ALAN MICHAEL SUGAR as an example, it is possible to see why. In this case the titles Lord and Sir are, by this paper’s definition, both common titles because they can be awarded to (or assumed by) any person. This could well be debated, with the argument that Lord is a style5 issued in association with a peerage, rather than being just a title. Looking at this person’s name from another perspective; Lord Sugar is also addressed as THE

4 Calculated as 123 / 7,105 * 100 = 1.731175228712175% 5 A style is formally recognised by a body of authority, such as monarch or government. 64

RIGHT HONOURABLE THE LORD SUGAR. Interestingly, this style is somewhat confusing due to the presence of two definite articles. But this study believes, however, that each word in The Right Honourable belongs to the same anthroponymic part. It recognises Honourable as an honorific title, and Right being an intensifier. The use of the definite article “The” is an optional prefix to the honorific title. There is no guarantee, though, that this understanding will be recognised by other people. Perhaps Honourable and Right Honourable could also be considered as common titles, increasing the maximum number of common titles from two to four, and number of definite articles from one to two, when accounting for The Lord Sugar as well. To complicate matters a little, Lord Sugar is also styled BARON SUGAR, OF CLAPTON, introducing a topoanthroponym, which is a by- name according to this paper. But should the topoanthroponym be classified as part of the surname or should it reside on its own in a by-name part? This is certainly debatable because the topoanthroponym, of Clapton, is not autonomous – it is meaningless on its own. The consequences of misplacing parts of a person’s name are paramount to loss of that person’s identity in a system. Consider, for example, the outcome of storing both elements of Baron Sugar as a surname. An attempt to search for the correct surname, Sugar, using a simple linear algorithm is unlikely to return an immediate result because the record begins with ‘B’ not ‘S’. Regardless of these unresolved questions, extrapolation of data from Plassard (1996) and Interpol (2006) was consistently upheld according to the designed classification.

Throughout this paper there has been a concern about the distinction between the terms culture, language, country, and locale. This study has attempted to use culture consistently because this best describes the personal attributes of people when discussing the construction of their names. The literature reviewed in this study has, however, been very inconsistent, with a full mixture of all terms. The two sources used during the data mining phase of this project were consistent in their use of country (Plassard 1996) or language (Interpol 2006), which returned some control to the manner in which data was recorded. As a consequence, the extrapolated data maintains country, language, and in in some cases cultural variations based upon religious terms or demonym. But it has been essential to ensure the resulting Locale Data Mark-up Language data files contain language codes as defined by the Unicode Consortium’s Best Current Practice number 47. Nonetheless, there were no

challenges experienced whilst using language codes, which in most cases represent both language and region.

It’s possible that all researchers express the same belief that allocation of more time would have certainly helped a great deal. In the case of this study, more time would have allowed for exhaustive original research into the syntactic structure and stylistic requirements of anthroponyms around the world, as opposed to using second-hand data. Additional time would have also allowed for an extension of the research that was carried out by Plassard (1996) and Interpol (2006). Nonetheless, all references examined, plus the amount of data extrapolated from just two sources, has proven to be sufficient to meet the goals of this study and to provide an initial answer the research question.

5.5.2 Future Development and Research The Document Type Definition and Locale Data Mark-up Language data files produced by this project will be proposed to the Unicode Consortium for integration into a future version. If the proposal is accepted by the Unicode Consortium’s voting members, there will be a period of review, where the data will be vetted by the Common Locale Data Repository community. Continuing with development, however, improvements could be made to the technique for handling common titles, honorific titles, and generational markers. Presently, common titles can be selected from a list and placed in the {CT} anthroponymic part. But there is no restriction in the Document Type Definition that prevents any other value being entered in that part. So it might be feasible to insist that the value of {CT} can derive only from the pre-defined list of common titles. This could also be applied to honorific titles and generational markers.

International variations, for want of a better term, have been determined for 24 of the cultures examined in this paper. However, these international variations have not been utilised yet. So it may be possible to use them in systems that cannot support certain languages, such as bi-directional languages, or languages that are not written in a Latin-based script. More features for future consideration are a) the mapping of anthroponyms between different locale pairs in the Common Locale Data Repository, b) a better method for handling anthroponymic part multiplicity, and c) improve the way character case is handled within the anthroponymic part encoding.

In all of these cases, a proof of concept can demonstrate the benefits gained from internationalising and localising anthroponyms. This proof of concept would consist of a simple tool that utilises the Common Locale Data Repository and the integrated Document Type Definition and Locale Data Mark-up Language data files that were produced during this project. The tool could simulate the capture, storage and retrieval of anthroponyms for any of the supported cultures. This would need to be “as inclusive as possible [to accommodate] all the different modalities of simulation” (Hellaby 2013 p.4). The goal of the tool would be to prove that a system cannot lose a person’s identity.

On the research side, there is potential for looking into a localised, or “foreign”, name training system, which teaches a user how to become accustomed with unfamiliar names. The system might annunciate a person’s name and then expect the user to accurately type in that name. The system would iterate over more name instances, keeping score, and repeating those that require correction. The system would also include cross-cultural names, which would be extremely important to a call centre, for example, which deals with customers in different countries. Another interesting topic related to localisation of anthroponyms is predictive search or look-up on forms that contain name fields. Names are not tokens alone; there are patterned cultural and social considerations, and localised variations that must be accounted for when performing searches.

Chapter 6 Conclusion

This study sought to establish to what extent the human name can be internationalised, using only the resources of published anthroponymic data. It began by reviewing literature to determine the state-of-the-art in the subject of anthroponyms. The aim of the literature review was to discover how much knowledge already existed in the classification of anthroponymic parts, their syntactic and lexical structure, as well as the stylistic attributes of names as they are used around the world. In concluding the review, it was ascertained that there had been no attempt to create a global classification of anthroponymic parts. The literature review, however, provided the opportunity to gather a diverse variety of terminology for the different parts that make up the human name. With the help of a Venn diagram, this list was rendered into a total of 11 autonomous parts that, collectively, describe the basic building blocks of the human name.

The working set of anthroponymic parts acted as pigeonholes, into which different patterns of cultural names were placed, along with a record of their order and style attributes. The name patterns of 148 cultures were processed, which provided enough data to complete the model for anthroponymic parts. The model was expanded to accommodate the multiplicity of each part, increasing the total number of parts that can describe the human name to 18. These parts were encoded to produce {DA}, {HT}, {CT1}, {CT2}, {NN}, {BN}, {PA1}, {PA2}, {FN1}, {FN2}, {FN3}, {PM1}, {PM2}, {PM3}, {SN1}, {SN2}, {CN}, and {GN}. The project also established that seven is the maximum number of autonomous parts that any culture would use in an anthroponym, which intentionally ignores artificial names and the sublimely ridiculous.

With the exception of duplicates, the final phase of this project used all of the available data extrapolated from Plassard (1996) and Interpol (2006) to develop a new standard for the Common Locale Data Repository. The outcome of this study is a mechanism that enables the accurate capture, storage, and retrieval of a person’s name for possibly any culture, and thereby potentially reducing the chance of a person’s identity being lost in a system. This paper has established that a minimum of 11 anthroponymic parts are required to describe the basic elements of the human

name. It has also demonstrated that the cultural variety of human names can be expressed with the Locale Data Mark-up Language for 74% of the world’s countries. This study has also established that the extent to which the human name can be internationalised is 96.31% of the data published by Plassard (1996) and Interpol (2006). This has been achieved through the use of a unique form of encoding, and it is this encoding that defines the internationalisation of people names within the Data Type Definition for anthroponyms.

Glossary acronym Cf. initialism, mesonym, ouronym: A formant that occupies the beginning of a name part, if not all of it. Usually an amalgamation of two or more abbreviated words that form a new, probably pronounceable, word. Often associated with an initialism. adat title: See common title. anthroponym: The umbrella term for all human names. anthroponymic label: A personym that has a semantic association with person’s traits, without discrimination. anthroponymic part: An autonomous unit of a personym that can function by itself. It does not bond with other anthroponymic parts in order to be recognised. An anthroponymic part can be captured, stored, and retrieved, in its entirety as an individual unit, and it may be collated and presented in a different manner to the rest of the anthroponym. An anthroponymic part can be classified with a unique name that indicates its function, or purpose, within an anthroponym. Each function is culturally sensitive; a function may or may not be required by a specific culture, therefore each anthroponymic part is optional. by-name Cf. hypocoristic name, soubriquet, teknonym, topoanthroponym: A collective term for additional names given to a person. caste name Cf. community name: A name given to a person to represent their social status within a community. Christian name Cf. anthroponymic label: See forename. clan name Cf. tribe name: The name of a community to which a person belongs. A tribe is composed of multiple clans. common title: A pre-nominal designation of gender, rank, or social position within a community, which may be applied to any person. community name Cf. caste name, clan name, house name, tribe name: The collective term for name parts that represent a person’s position within a community, whether that be a caste, clan, house, or tribe. cryptonym: A name devised to deceive other people. Usually an encoded name that uniquely represents a person acting in a secret capacity, 007 for example. dionym (dionymy) Cf. trionym: A personym constructed of exactly two autonomous parts, but not necessarily two elements. 70

epithet Cf. by-name: A familiar given to describe a person. It can have negative connotations. family name Cf. surname: A name shared by a family unit. Often used as a synonym for surname even though the name itself has no link with a family. first name: See forename. forename: The collective term for a unique name given to a person, acquired, or inherited, but separate to a patronymic or matronymic, which may be shared by siblings within the same family. formant (Room 1996 p.43): The element of an anthroponymic part that presents itself as a prefix, infix, or suffix. For example: -sen in JENSEN. generational marker: Part of a name that indicates a position within a family unit, such as the patrilineal markers senior and junior, or Roman numerals II, III, and IV to indicate the iteration of a person’s forename within a family.. given name: See forename. honorific title (honorific adjective): A special title that, from a cultural perspective, exceeds the titles that can be commonly issued to, or claimed by, a person. house name: See clan name. hypocoristic name Cf. nickname, soubriquet: An affectionate or familiar by-name that is given to someone. individual name: See personym. initialism Cf. acronym: An abbreviated name that consists of the initial character of each word in the name. Cultural styles define the case of the initialism and whether the initials are surrounded with punctuation. internationalisation: The process of creating something, such as software, that is culturally neutral so that it may be quickly and effectively localised. localisation: The process of customising something, such as software or documentation, so that it meets the requirements of the target culture. logogram Cf. mononym: The smallest recognisable unit of a language that represents a word or an idea. matrilineal name Cf. matronym, matronymic, patrilineal name: Any name originating from a female family member, such as the mother, grandmother, sister, or aunty. matronym Cf. matronymic, matrilineal name, patronym: A maternal forename as a formant of a person’s surname. For example, Ingeborg- is the mother’s

forename in the Norwegian surname Ingeborgsen, which is equivalent of Ingeborg’s son. matronymic Cf. matronym, matrilineal name, patronymic: A maternal forename inherited by a child as a special type of forename. In some cultures a matronymic is such an important part of a person’s name that it supersedes their forename or replaces it altogether. mesonym Cf. acronym, ouronym: A formant that occupies the middle of a name part. middle name: See forename. monastic title: See honorific title. mononym: A self-contained personym that consists of only one word, or logogram. name element: See formant. name phrase: An “inseparable unit that consists of a name stem and any affixes that are associated with that name stem” (IBM 2011). nickname Cf. hypocoristic name, soubriquet: A familiar name given to someone. It may be the only name a person possesses. onomastics: The study of proper names. ouronym Cf. acronym, mesonym: A formant that occupies the end of a name part. patrilineal name Cf. patronym, patronymic, matrilineal name: Any name originating from a male family member, such as a father, grandfather, brother or uncle. patronym Cf. patronymic, patrilineal name, matronym: A paternal forename as a formant of a person’s surname. For example, Erik- is the father’s forename in the Norwegian surname Erikson, which is equivalent to Erik’s son. patronymic Cf. patronym, patrilineal name, matronymic: A paternal forename inherited by a child as a special type of forename. In some cultures a patronymic is such an important part of a person’s name that it supersedes their forename ore replaces it altogether. personal name: A name that is unique to a person, usually defined as a full name. personym: See personal name. religious name: Part of a name that has religious significance, perhaps the title given to a spiritual leader. soubriquet Cf. epithet, hypocoristic name, nickname: A familiar name given to someone. It lacks a distinction between positive and negative connotations. socio-political title: See common title.

surname Cf. family name: A name that is not unique and is often shared with members of the same family unit. teknonym Cf. mononym: A name adopted by the parent of a child. topoanthroponym: A person’s name that derives from a place, such as a river, town, or region. traditional title: See common title. tribe name Cf. clan name: The name of a community to which a person belongs. Multiple clans are combined to form a tribe. trionym (trionymy) Cf. dionym, tussenvoegsels (Dutch): A personym constructed of exactly three autonomous parts, but not necessarily three elements.

References

Anderson, J. M. (2002) On the grammar of names [online], available: http://www.fb10.uni-bremen.de/linguistik/dpng/ng/papers/default.htm [accessed: 17 June 2013]. Anderson, J. M. (2003) ‘On the structure of names’, Folia Linguistica, 37(3-4), 347-398. Anderson, J. M. (2004) ‘On the Grammatical Status of Names’, Language – Linguistic Society of America, 80(3), 435-474. Anderson, J. M. (2007) The Grammar of Names, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Baptista, J., Batista, F., and Mamede, N. (2006) ‘Building a Dictionary of Anthroponyms’, Computational Processing of the Portuguese Language, 3960, 21-30. Bertills, Y. (2003) Beyond identification, Finland: Åbo Akademi University Press. Bolton, R. A. and Florey, M., (1997) ‘Personal Names, Lexical Replacement, and Language Shift in Eastern Indonesia’, Kakalele, 8, pp.27-58 Chambers Dictionary (2011) [online], available: http://www.chambers.co.uk/search.php?query=nuclear+family&title=21st, [accessed: 12 July 2013]. Dematteis, K., Lutz, R., and McCallum-Bayliss, H. (1998) ‘Whose name is it: Names, ownership and databases’, accepted for Annual Meeting American Name Society, 28 December. Ellen, R. F. (1983) ‘Semantic anarchy and ordered social practice in Nuaulu personal naming’, Bijdragen tot de taal-, land-en volkenkunde, 139(1), pp.18- 45. Ethnologue (2013) [online], available: http://www.ethnologue.com/world, [accessed: 09 September 2013]. Gardiner, A. (1954) The Theory of Proper Names: A Controversial Essay, 2nd ed., London: Oxford University Press. Guzman, M. and Verstappen, B. comps. (2001) How to Record Names of Persons, Versoix: Human Rights Information and Documentation Systems International. Hellaby, M. (2013) Healthcare Simulation in Practice, Keswick: M&K Update.

IBM (2011) ‘InfoSphere Global Name Recognition’ [online], available: http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/gnrgnm/v4r2m0/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom. ibm.iis.gnm.names.doc%2Ftopics%2Fgnr_gnm_con_nameparts.html [accessed: 23 June 2013]. Interpol (2006) A Guide to Names and Naming Practices, UK: International Criminal Police Organisation. Kaplan, M., and Wissink, C. (2002) ‘Sorting it all out: An introduction to collation’, accepted for 21st International Unicode Conference, 14-17 May. Kiviniemi, E. (1975) ‘Paikannimien rakennetyypeistä’, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, 118(2). McCallum-Bayliss, H. and Adger, C.T. (2010) ‘Variability in Naming: Database Challenges in Multicultural and Multilingual Settings’, Language Problems and Language Planning, 34(3), 222-235. Microsoft (2013) ‘How to Parse a Person’s Name into Multiple Variables’ [online], available: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/168799, [accessed: 14 July 2013]. Nuessel, F. H. (1992) The Study of Names: A Guide to the Principles and Topics, Westport: Greenwood Press. Phua, C., Lee, V., and Smith-Miles, K. (2006) ‘The personal name problem and a recommended data mining solution’, Encyclopaedia of Data Warehousing and Mining, 2(2), 1524-1531. Pierini, P. (2008) ‘Opening a Pandora's Box: Proper Names in English Phraseology’, Linguistik online, 36 (4/2008), 43-58, [online] available: http://www.linguistik-online.de/36_08/pierini.html [accessed: 21 June 2013]. Phillips, A. (2004) ‘Handling People’s Names’ [online] available: http://www.inter- locale.com/Names.html [accessed: 01 July 2013] Plassard, M-F. ed. (1996) Names of Persons: National Usages for Entry in Catalogues, München: K.G. Saur. Room, A. (1996) An Alphabetical Guide to the Language of Name Studies, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. Saarelma, M. (2009) ‘African and European Anthroponymic Systems: Similarities and Differences’, Onoma: Journal of the International Council of Onomastic Sciences, 44, 191-217.

Snae, C., and Brückner, M. (2006a) ‘Concept and rule based naming system’, The Information Universe: Journal of Issues in Information Science and Information Technology, 3, 619-634. Snae, C., and Brückner, M. (2006b) ‘Hybrid name matching methods for rule based Thai naming system’, Naresuan University Science Journal, 2(2), 139- 150. Traboulsi, H. (2004) A Local Grammar for Proper Names, unpublished thesis (MPhil), Surrey University. Tse, G. Y. W. (2004) ‘A Grammatical Study of Personal Names in Present-Day English: with Special Reference to the Usage of the Definite Article’, English Studies, 85(3), 241-259. Unicode Consortium (2013) ‘Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML)’, Unicode Technical Standard #35 Version 23 Revision 31 [online], available: http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/, [accessed: 11 June 2013]. United Nations (2013) ‘Member States’ [online], available: http://www.un.org/en/members/ [accessed: 18 August 2013]. Wikipedia (2013) ‘Suffix (name)’ [online], available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffix_(name) [accessed: 14 July 2013, 22h04] Yamashita, S., and Eades, J. S. eds. (2003) Globalization in Southeast Asia: Local, National and Transnational Perspectives, Oxford: Berghahn Books. Zelinsky, W. (2002) ‘Slouching toward a theory of names: A tentative taxonomic fix’, Names: A Journal of Onomastics, 50(4), 243-262.

Appendix A – Extrapolated Anthroponymic Data LDML Key: [] Entered [] Duplicate [] Not Entered References Key: [ 1 ] Interpol (2006) [ 2 ] Plassard (1996)

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

A –1  ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_AF Afghanistan Afghan Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International A –2 Afghan Arabic  ar_AF Afghanistan 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

 prs_AF Afghanistan Dari 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 1 41

 prs_AF Afghanistan Dari 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN1} 1 41

Dari  prs_AF Afghanistan 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 1 41 International

Dari  prs_AF Afghanistan 1 1 2 {mCT1} {mFN1} {FN1}{CT1} {uFN1}, {mCT1} 1 41 International

 ps_AF Afghanistan Pashtu 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 1 41

 ps_AF Afghanistan Pashtu 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN1} 1 41

Pashtu  ps_AF Afghanistan 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 1 41 International

Pashtu  ps_AF Afghanistan 1 1 2 {mCT1} {mFN1} {FN1}{CT1} {uFN1}, {mCT1} 1 41 International

 sq Albania Albanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 1 30

 sq_AL Albania Albanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 1 30

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 sq_AL Albania Albanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 2 2-3

 ar_DZ Algeria Arabic 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 2 4-7

 ar_DZ Algeria Arabic 3 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 2 4-7

 ar_DZ Algeria Arabic 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1}{iPA1} 2 4-7

 ar_DZ Algeria Arabic 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 2 4-7

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian  es_AR Argentina 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 25-26 Spanish

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-

A –3  es_AR Argentina 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{FN1}{SN1} {uBN}, {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM}{CN} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 2 1 5 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Argentinian  es_AR Argentina 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 25-26 Spanish

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian 211-  es_AR Argentina 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Argentinian  es_AR Argentina 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Argentinian  es_AR Argentina 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Argentinian  es_AR Argentina 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish A –4 Argentinian  es_AR Argentina 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Argentinian  es_AR Argentina 1 1 2 1 5 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Argentinian  es_AR Argentina 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

 hy Armenia Armenian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM {mSN1} {SN1}{FN}{PM1} {uSN1} {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 9-10

 hy_AM Armenia Armenian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM {mSN1} {SN1}{FN}{PM1} {uSN1} {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 9-10

Australian  en-AU Australia 1 1 {mNN} {NN} {mNN} 2 11-12 Aboriginal

Australian  en-AU Australia 1 1 {mBN} {BN} {mBN} 2 11-12 Aboriginal

Australian  en-AU Australia 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {mSN1} {mFN1} 2 11-12 Aboriginal

Australian 244-  en_AU Australia 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Australian 244-  en_AU Australia 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Australian 244-  en_AU Australia 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Australian 244-  en_AU Australia 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Australian 244-  en_AU Australia 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Australian 244-  en_AU Australia 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Australian 244-  en_AU Australia 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Australian 244-  en_AU Australia 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Australian 244-  en_AU Australia 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Austrian  de_AT Austria 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 75-78 German

Austrian  de_AT Austria 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 75-78 German

Austrian  de_AT Austria 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uPA1}{uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 75-78 German

Austrian

A –5  de_AT Austria 1 2 1 1 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mBN} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uPA1}{uSN1} {uPA2} {uBN}, {mFN1} 2 75-78 German

Austrian  de_AT Austria 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 75-78 German

 az Azerbaijan Azerbaijiani 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 2 14-15

 az_AZ Azerbaijan Azerbaijiani 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 2 14-15

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36

A –6 International Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Bahranian  ar_BH Bahrain Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Bengali  bn Bangladesh 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 16-20 Muslim

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Bengali  bn Bangladesh 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 16-20 Muslim

Bengali  bn Bangladesh 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iBN} {FN1}{BN} {iBN}, {iFN1} 2 16-20 Muslim

Bengali  bn Bangladesh 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iBN} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {iSN1}, {iFN1}, {iBN} 2 16-20 Muslim

Bengali  bn Bangladesh 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {iFN1}, {iPM1} 2 16-20 Muslim

Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 16-20 Muslim

Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 16-20 Muslim

Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iBN} {FN1}{BN} {iBN}, {iFN1} 2 16-20 Muslim

Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iBN} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {iSN1}, {iFN1}, {iBN} 2 16-20 Muslim

Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {iFN1}, {iPM1} 2 16-20 Muslim Bengali

A –7  bn_BD Bangladesh Muslim 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 16-20 International Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh Muslim 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 16-20 International Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh Muslim 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uBN}, {mFN1} 2 16-20 International Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh Muslim 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mBN} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mBN} 2 16-20 International Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh Muslim 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1}, {mPM1} 2 16-20 International

 bn Bangladesh Bengali Hindu 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 20-23

 bn Bangladesh Bengali Hindu 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 20-23

 bn Bangladesh Bengali Hindu 1 1 2 {iHT} {iFN1} {FN1}{HT} {iFN1}, {IHT} 2 20-23

 bn Bangladesh Bengali Hindu 1 1 1 3 {iHT} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iHT}, {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 20-23

 bn_BD Bangladesh Bengali Hindu 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 20-23

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 bn_BD Bangladesh Bengali Hindu 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 20-23

 bn_BD Bangladesh Bengali Hindu 1 1 2 {iHT} {iFN1} {FN1}{HT} {iFN1}, {IHT} 2 20-23

 bn_BD Bangladesh Bengali Hindu 1 1 1 3 {iHT} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iHT}, {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 20-23

Bengali Hindu  bn_BD Bangladesh 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 20-23 International

Bengali Hindu  bn_BD Bangladesh 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 20-23 International

Bengali Hindu  bn_BD Bangladesh 1 1 2 {mHT} {mFN1} {FN1}{HT} {uFN1}, {mHT} 2 20-23 International

Bengali Hindu  bn_BD Bangladesh 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uHT}, {mSN1}, {mFN1} 2 20-23 International

Bengali  bn Bangladesh 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 23-25 Buddhist A –8 Bengali  bn Bangladesh 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iCN} {FN1}{CN} {iFN1}, {iCN} 2 23-25 Buddhist

Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 23-25 Buddhist

Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iCN} {FN1}{CN} {iFN1}, {iCN} 2 23-25 Buddhist Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh Buddhist 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 23-25 International Bengali  bn_BD Bangladesh Buddhist 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mCN} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 23-25 International Barbadian 244-  en_BB Barbados 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Barbadian 244-  en_BB Barbados 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Barbadian 244-  en_BB Barbados 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Barbadian 244-  en_BB Barbados 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Barbadian 244-  en_BB Barbados 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Barbadian 244-  en_BB Barbados 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Barbadian 244-  en_BB Barbados 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Barbadian 244-  en_BB Barbados 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Barbadian 244-  en_BB Barbados 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

 be Belarus Belarusian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {mSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 27-28

 be_BY Belarus Belarusian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {mSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 27-28

159-  nl_BE Belgium Belgian Dutch 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 160

159-  nl_BE Belgium Belgian Dutch 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 160

159-  nl_BE Belgium Belgian Dutch 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 160

159-  nl_BE Belgium Belgian Dutch 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPA1} 2 160

159-

A –9  nl_BE Belgium Belgian Dutch 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} ({lGA}) 2 160

 fr_BE Belgium Belgian French 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 68-70

 fr_BE Belgium Belgian French 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 68-70

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian  es_BO Bolivia 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 25-26 Spanish

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{FN1}{SN1} {uBN}, {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM}{CN} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 2 1 5 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 25-26 Spanish A –10 Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian 211-  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Bolivian  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Bolivian  es_BO Bolivia 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Bolivian  es_BO Bolivia 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Bolivian  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 2 1 5 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Bolivian  es_BO Bolivia 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Bosnia and Bosnian /  bs 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 30-31 Herzegovina Herzegovinian

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Bosnia and Bosnian /  bs 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 30-31 Herzegovina Herzegovinian

Bosnia and Bosnian /  bs_BA 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 30-31 Herzegovina Herzegovinian

Bosnia and Bosnian /  bs_BA 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 30-31 Herzegovina Herzegovinian

Bosnia and Bosnian /  bs_Latn 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 30-31 Herzegovina Herzegovinian

Bosnia and Bosnian /  bs_Latn 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 30-31 Herzegovina Herzegovinian

Bosnia and Bosnian /  bs_Latn_BA 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 30-31 Herzegovina Herzegovinian

Bosnia and Bosnian /  bs_Latn_BA 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 30-31 Herzegovina Herzegovinian

 en_BW Botswana Batswana 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 34

Brazilian  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {mFN1} 2 35-37 Portuguese

Brazilian

A –11  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 35-37 Portuguese

Brazilian  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {mFN1}, {mBN} 2 35-37 Portuguese

Brazilian  pt_BR Brazil 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 35-37 Portuguese

Brazilian  pt_BR Brazil 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}-{mSN2} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}-{uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 35-37 Portuguese

Brazilian  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mBN} {mSN1} {SN1}{BN}{FN1} {uSN1} {uBN}, {mFN1} 2 35-37 Portuguese

Brazilian  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 35-37 Portuguese

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian  pt_BR Brazil 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 20-21 Portuguese

Brazilian  pt_BR Brazil 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} e {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} E {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 20-21 Portuguese

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 2 1 2 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {uGN}, {mFN1} 2 Portuguese 186

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 2 1 2 1 6 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 2 {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT} {uBN}, {mHT} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 1 3 {mGN} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT} {uBN}, {mGA} {mHT} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 20-21 Portuguese

Brazilian  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} e {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} E {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 20-21 Portuguese A –12 Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 2 1 2 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 2 1 2 1 7 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT}{CT1} {uBN}, {mHT} 2 Portuguese 186

Brazilian 185-  pt_BR Brazil 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mGN} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT}{CT1} {uBN}, {mGA} {mHT} 2 Portuguese 186

 bg Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {mFN1} 2 38-40

 bg Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 38-40

 bg Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 38-40

 bg Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 10-11

 bg Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mCT1} 1 10-11

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 bg Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 1 10-11

 bg_BG Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {mFN1} 2 38-40

 bg_BG Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 38-40

 bg_BG Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 38-40

 bg_BG Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 10-11

 bg_BG Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mCT1} 1 10-11

 bg_BG Bulgaria Bulgarian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 1 10-11

 fr_BF Burkina Faso Burkinabé 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 41-42

 fr_BF Burkina Faso Burkinabé 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 41-42

A –13  fr_BF Burkina Faso Burkinabé 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 41-42

Birundian  rn_BI Burundi 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uBN}, {mFN1} 2 43 (Kirundi)

Birundian  fr_BI Burundi 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uBN}, {mFN1} 2 43 (French)

Cambodian  km Cambodia 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 2 44 Khmer

Cambodian  km_KH Cambodia 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 2 44 Khmer

 fr_CM Cameroon Cameroonian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {mFN1} 2 45-46

 fr_CM Cameroon Cameroonian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uPM1}, {mFN1} 2 45-46

 fr_CM Cameroon Cameroonian 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1}{HT} {uPM1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 45-46

 fr_CM Cameroon Cameroonian 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mPM1} {PM1}{HT} {uPM1}, {mHT} 2 45-46

Canadian 244-  en_CA Canada 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Canadian 244-  en_CA Canada 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Canadian 244-  en_CA Canada 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Canadian 244-  en_CA Canada 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Canadian 244-  en_CA Canada 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Canadian 244-  en_CA Canada 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Canadian 244-  en_CA Canada 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Canadian 244-  en_CA Canada 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Canadian 244-  en_CA Canada 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Canadian  fr_CA Canada 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 68-70 French A –14 Canadian  fr_CA Canada 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 68-70 French

Canadian  iu_CA Canada 1 1 {mNN} {NN} {uNN} 2 47-50 Native

Canadian  iu_CA Canada 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN, {mFN1} 2 47-50 Native

 zh China Chinese 1 1 2 {iSN1}{iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 1 56-59

 zh China Chinese 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1} {iCT1} 1 56-59

 zh_CN China Chinese 1 1 2 {iSN1}{iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 1 56-59

 zh_CN China Chinese 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1} {iCT1} 1 56-59

Chinese  zh_CN China 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 56-59 International

Chinese  zh_CN China 1 1 1 3 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 56-59 International

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian  es_CO Colombia 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 25-26 Spanish

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{FN1}{SN1} {uBN}, {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM}{CN} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-

A –15  es_CO Colombia 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 2 1 5 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian  es_CO Colombia 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 25-26 Spanish

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian 211-  es_CO Colombia 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Colombian  es_CO Colombia 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Colombian  es_CO Colombia 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Colombian  es_CO Colombia 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Colombian  es_CO Colombia 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Colombian  es_CO Colombia 1 1 2 1 5 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Colombian  es_CO Colombia 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

 hr Croatia Croat 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 52-54

 hr Croatia Croat 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {lHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {lHT} 2 52-54

 hr Croatia Croat 1 1 1 3 {lHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {lHT} 2 52-54

 hr Croatia Croat 1 1 1 3 {lCN} {mFN {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {lCN} 2 52-54 A –16

 hr Croatia Croat 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 52-54

 hr Croatia Croat 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {lHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {lHT} {mCT1} 2 52-54

 hr_HV Croatia Croat 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 52-54

 hr_HV Croatia Croat 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {lHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {lHT} 2 52-54

 hr_HV Croatia Croat 1 1 1 3 {lHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {lHT} 2 52-54

 hr_HV Croatia Croat 1 1 1 3 {lCN} {mFN {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {lCN} 2 52-54

 hr_HV Croatia Croat 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 52-54

 hr_HV Croatia Croat 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {lHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {lHT} {mCT1} 2 52-54

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 213

 es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 25-26

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 213

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{FN1}{SN1} {uBN}, {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM}{CN} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCN} 2 213

211-

A –17  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 2 1 5 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 213

 es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 25-26

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCT1} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 213

211-  es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 213

 es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26

 es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mGN} 1 25-26

 es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 2 1 5 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26

 es_CU Cuba Cuban Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mGN} 1 25-26

 el_CY Cyprus Greek Cypriot 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 83-84

 el_CY Cyprus Greek Cypriot 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 83-84

 el_CY Cyprus Greek Cypriot 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 1 13-14

 el_CY Cyprus Greek Cypriot 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 83-84

 el_CY Cyprus Greek Cypriot 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mCT1} 2 83-84 A –18

 el_CY Cyprus Greek Cypriot 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mCT1} 1 13-14

Turkish 236-  tr_CY Cyprus 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Cypriot 237

Turkish  tr_CY Cyprus 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 27-28 Cypriot

Turkish  tr_CY Cyprus 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 27-28 Cypriot

Czech  cs Czech 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 57-58 Republic

Czech  cs Czech 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 12 Republic

Czech  cs Czech 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 12 Republic

Czech  cs Czech 1 1 2 {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 57-58 Republic

Czech  cs Czech 1 1 2 {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 12 Republic

Czech  cs Czech 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 12 Republic

Czech  cs_CZ Czech 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 57-58 Republic

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Czech  cs_CZ Czech 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 12 Republic

Czech  cs_CZ Czech 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 12 Republic

Czech  cs_CZ Czech 1 1 2 {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 57-58 Republic

Czech  cs_CZ Czech 1 1 2 {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 12 Republic

Czech  cs_CZ Czech 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 12 Republic

 da Denmark Danish Dane 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 59-61

 da Denmark Danish Dane 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 59-61

 da Denmark Danish Dane 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 59-61

 da Denmark Danish Dane 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mHT} {FN1}{HT} {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 59-61

A –19  da Denmark Danish Dane 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mGN} {mHT} {FN1}{GM}{HT} {mFN1} {mGN}, {mHT} 2 59-61

 da_DK Denmark Danish Dane 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 59-61

 da_DK Denmark Danish Dane 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 59-61

 da_DK Denmark Danish Dane 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 59-61

 da_DK Denmark Danish Dane 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mHT} {FN1}{HT} {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 59-61

 da_DK Denmark Danish Dane 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mGN} {mHT} {FN1}{GM}{HT} {mFN1} {mGN}, {mHT} 2 59-61

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36

A –20 International Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Egyptian  ar_EG Egypt Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

 et Estonia Estonian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 62-63

 et_EE Estonia Estonian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 62-63

 am Ethiopia Ethiopian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {uPM1} 2 64-65

 am Ethiopia Ethiopian 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1}{HT} {uFN1} {uPM1}, {mHT} 2 64-65

 am Ethiopia Ethiopian 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1}{CN} {uFN1} {uPM1}, {mCN} 2 64-65

 am_ET Ethiopia Ethiopian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {uPM1} 2 64-65

 am_ET Ethiopia Ethiopian 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1}{HT} {uFN1} {uPM1}, {mHT} 2 64-65

 am_ET Ethiopia Ethiopian 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1}{CN} {uFN1} {uPM1}, {mCN} 2 64-65

A –21  fi Finland Finnish Finn 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 66-67

 fi Finland Finnish Finn 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 66-67

 fi_FI Finland Finnish Finn 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 66-67

 fi_FI Finland Finnish Finn 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 66-67

 sme-FI Finland Sami 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 66-67

 fr France French 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 68-70

 fr France French 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 68-70

 fr_FR France French 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 68-70

 fr_FR France French 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 68-70

Gambian  mnk-GM Gambia 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {PM1}{FN1} {uPM1}, {mFN1} 2 71-72 Mandinka

Gambian  mnk-GM Gambia 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mFN2} {PM1}{FN1}{FN2} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 2 71-72 Mandinka

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Gambian  mnk-GM Gambia 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mBN} [mPM} {PM1}{FN1}{BN} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mBN} 2 71-72 Mandinka

Gambian  mnk-GM Gambia 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mFN2} {mBN} {PM1}{FN1}{FN2}{BN} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mBN} 2 71-72 Mandinka

Gambian  mnk-GM Gambia 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {PM1}{FN1}{CT1} {uPM1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 71-72 Mandinka

Gambian  mnk-GM Gambia 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mFN2} {PM1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uPM1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} 2 71-72 Mandinka

Gambian  mnk-GM Gambia 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mBN} [mPM} {PM1}{FN1}{BN}{CT1} {uPM1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} {mBN} 2 71-72 Mandinka

Gambian  mnk-GM Gambia 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mFN2} {mBN} {PM1}{FN1}{FN2}{BN}{CT1} {uPM1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mBN} 2 71-72 Mandinka

Gambian 244-  en_GM Gambia 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Gambian 244-  en_GM Gambia 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251 A –22 Gambian 244-  en_GM Gambia 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Gambian 244-  en_GM Gambia 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Gambian 244-  en_GM Gambia 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Gambian 244-  en_GM Gambia 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Gambian 244-  en_GM Gambia 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Gambian 244-  en_GM Gambia 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Gambian 244-  en_GM Gambia 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

 ka_GE Georgia Georgian 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 73-74

 de Germany German 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 75-78

 de Germany German 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 75-78

 de Germany German 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uPA1}{uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 75-78

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 de German German 1 2 1 1 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mBN} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uPA1}{uSN1} {uPA2} {uBN}, {mFN1} 2 75-78

 de Germany German 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 75-78

 de_DE Germany German 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 75-78

 de_DE Germany German 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 75-78

 de_DE Germany German 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uPA1}{uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 75-78

 de_DE German German 1 2 1 1 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mBN} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uPA1}{uSN1} {uPA2} {uBN}, {mFN1} 2 75-78

 de_DE Germany German 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 75-78

 en_GH Ghana Ghanaian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 79-82

 en_GH Ghana Ghanaian 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uSN1}, {mBN} {mFN1} 2 79-82

A –23  en_GH Ghana Ghanaian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mBN} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mBN} 2 79-82

 en_GH Ghana Ghanaian 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 79-82

 en_GH Ghana Ghanaian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 79-82

 el Greece Greek 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 83-84

 el Greece Greek 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 83-84

 el Greece Greek 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 1 13-14

 el Greece Greek 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 83-84

 el Greece Greek 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mCT1} 2 83-84

 el Greece Greek 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mCT1} 1 13-14

 el_GR Greece Greek 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 83-84

 el_GR Greece Greek 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 83-84

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 el_GR Greece Greek 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 1 13-14

 el_GR Greece Greek 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 83-84

 el_GR Greece Greek 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mCT1} 2 83-84

 el_GR Greece Greek 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mCT1} 1 13-14

Guyanian 244-  en_GY Guyana 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Guyanian 244-  en_GY Guyana 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Guyanian 244-  en_GY Guyana 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Guyanian 244-  en_GY Guyana 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251 A –24 Guyanian 244-  en_GY Guyana 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Guyanian 244-  en_GY Guyana 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Guyanian 244-  en_GY Guyana 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Guyanian 244-  en_GY Guyana 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Guyanian 244-  en_GY Guyana 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Chinese Hong  zh_HK Hong Kong 1 1 2 {iSN1}{iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 2 86-87 Kong

Chinese Hong  zh_HK Hong Kong 1 1 2 {iSN1}{iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 1 56-59 Kong

Chinese Hong  zh_HK Hong Kong 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1} {iCT1} 1 56-59 Kong Chinese  zh_HK Hong Kong Cantonese 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 86-87 International Chinese  zh_HK Hong Kong Cantonese 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 56-59 International Chinese  zh_HK Hong Kong Cantonese 1 1 1 3 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 56-59 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 hu Hungary Hungarian 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 2 88-90

 hu Hungary Hungarian 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 1 15

 hu Hungary Hungarian X 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 15

 hu Hungary Hungarian 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 88-90

 hu Hungary Hungarian 1 2 3 {mSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mSN2} 2 88-90

 hu Hungary Hungarian 1 2 3 {mSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} 2 88-90

 hu Hungary Hungarian 1 2 3 {mSN1}-{mSN2} {mFN1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}-{mSN2} {mFN1} 2 88-90

 hu Hungary Hungarian 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mHT} {mCT1} 1 15

 hu Hungary Hungarian 1 1 2 4 {mSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mSN2} {mCT1} 1 15

A –25  hu Hungary Hungarian 1 1 2 4 {mSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 15

 hu Hungary Hungarian 1 1 2 4 {mSN1}-{mSN2} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}-{mSN2} {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 15

 hu_HU Hungary Hungarian 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 2 88-90

 hu_HU Hungary Hungarian 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 1 15

 hu_HU Hungary Hungarian X 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 15

 hu_HU Hungary Hungarian 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 88-90

 hu_HU Hungary Hungarian 1 2 3 {mSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mSN2} 2 88-90

 hu_HU Hungary Hungarian 1 2 3 {mSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} 2 88-90

 hu_HU Hungary Hungarian 1 2 3 {mSN1}-{mSN2} {mFN1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}-{mSN2} {mFN1} 2 88-90

 hu_HU Hungary Hungarian 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mHT} {mCT1} 1 15

 hu_HU Hungary Hungarian 1 1 2 4 {mSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mSN2} {mCT1} 1 15

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 hu_HU Hungary Hungarian 1 1 2 4 {mSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {mSN2} {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 15

 hu_HU Hungary Hungarian 1 1 2 4 {mSN1}-{mSN2} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}-{mSN2} {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 15

 is Iceland Icelander 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {mPM1} 2 91

 is Iceland Icelander 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {mPM {mSN1} 2 91

 is Iceland Icelander 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uFN1} {mSN1} 2 91

 is Iceland Icelander 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1} {mPA1} {mBN} 2 91

 is_IL Iceland Icelander 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {mPM1} 2 91

 is_IL Iceland Icelander 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {mPM {mSN1} 2 91 A –26

 is_IL Iceland Icelander 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uFN1} {mSN1} 2 91

 is_IL Iceland Icelander 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1} {mPA1} {mBN} 2 91

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 92-96

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 92-96

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 1 44-45

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 2 92-96

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCN} 2 92-96

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 2 {iPM1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1} {iFN1}, {iPM1} 2 92-96

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iPM1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {iSN1}, {iPM1} {iFN1} 2 92-96

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 2 92-96

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 1 44-45

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCN} {iCT1} 2 92-96

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iPM1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iPM1} {iCT1} 2 92-96

 hi India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iPM1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iPM1} {iFN1} {iCT1} 2 92-96

 hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 92-96

 hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 92-96

 hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 1 44-45

 hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 2 92-96

 hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCN} 2 92-96

 hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 2 {iPM1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1} {iFN1}, {iPM1} 2 92-96

A –27  hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iPM1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {iSN1}, {iPM1} {iFN1} 2 92-96

 hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 2 92-96

 hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 1 44-45

 hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCN} {iCT1} 2 92-96

 hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iPM1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iPM1} {iCT1} 2 92-96

 hi_IN India Indian Hindi 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iPM1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iPM1} {iFN1} {iCT1} 2 92-96

Indian Hindi  hi_IN India 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 92-96 International

Indian Hindi  hi_IN India 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 92-96 International

Indian Hindi  hi_IN India 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 92-96 International

Indian Hindi  hi_IN India 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 92-96 International

Indian Hindi  hi_IN India 1 1 2 {mPM1} {mFN1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {uPM1} 2 92-96 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Indian Hindi  hi_IN India 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} 2 92-96 International

Indian Hindi  hi_IN India 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 92-96 International

Indian Hindi  hi_IN India 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} {mCT1} 2 92-96 International

Indian Hindi  hi_IN India 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mPM1} {mFN1} {FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPM1} {mCT1} 2 92-96 International

Indian Hindi  hi_IN India 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 92-96 International

Indian  kn India 1 1 1 3 {iBN} {iPM1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1}{BN} {iFN1}, {iPM1} {iFN1} 2 92-96 Kannada

Indian  kn India 1 1 1 1 4 {iBN} {iPM1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{BN} {iFN1}, {iBN} {iPM1} {iSN1} 2 92-96 Kannada

Indian  kn India 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1}, {iSN1} 2 92-96 Kannada A –28 Indian  kn India 1 1 1 3 {iBN} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {iFN1}, {iBN} {iSN1} 2 92-96 Kannada

Indian  kn India 1 1 1 3 {iBN} {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {iFN1}, {iBN} {iSN1} 2 92-96 Kannada

Indian  kn_IN India 1 1 1 3 {iBN} {iPM1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1}{BN} {iFN1}, {iPM1} {iFN1} 2 92-96 Kannada

Indian  kn_IN India 1 1 1 1 4 {iBN} {iPM1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{BN} {iFN1}, {iBN} {iPM1} {iSN1} 2 92-96 Kannada

Indian  kn_IN India 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1}, {iSN1} 2 92-96 Kannada

Indian  kn_IN India 1 1 1 3 {iBN} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {iFN1}, {iBN} {iSN1} 2 92-96 Kannada

Indian  kn_IN India 1 1 1 3 {iBN} {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {iFN1}, {iBN} {iSN1} 2 92-96 Kannada Indian  kn_IN India Kannada 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mPM1} {mFN1} {FN1}{PM1}{BN} {uFN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} 2 92-96 International Indian  kn_IN India Kannada 1 1 1 1 4 {mBN} {mPM1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{BN} {uFN1}, {mBN} {mPM1} {mSN1} 2 92-96 International Indian  kn_IN India Kannada 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uFN1}, {mSN1} 2 92-96 International Indian  kn_IN India Kannada 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uFN1}, {mBN} {mSN1} 2 92-96 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Indian  kn_IN India Kannada 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uFN1}, {mBN} {mSN1} 2 92-96 International

 pa India Indian Punjabi 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1}, {iSN1} 2 92-96

 pa India Indian Punjabi 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iSN1} {iCT1} 2 92-96

 pa_IN India Indian Punjabi 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1}, {iSN1} 2 92-96

 pa_IN India Indian Punjabi 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iSN1} {iCT1} 2 92-96

Indian Punjabi  pa_IN India 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uFN1}, {mSN1} 2 92-96 International

Indian Punjabi  pa_IN India 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uFN1}, {mSN1} {mCT1} 2 92-96 International

Indian Punjabi  pa India 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iCN} {CN}{FN1} {iCN}, {iFN1} 1 46-47 Sikh

Indian Punjabi  pa India 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iCN {iSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iCN} {iFN1} 1 46-47 Sikh

Indian Punjabi

A –29  pa India 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iCN} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCN}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 1 46-47 Sikh

Indian Punjabi  pa India 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iCN {iSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iCN} {iFN1} {iCT1} 1 46-47 Sikh

Indian Punjabi  pa_IN India 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iCN} {CN}{FN1} {iCN}, {iFN1} 1 46-47 Sikh

Indian Punjabi  pa_IN India 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iCN {iSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iCN} {iFN1} 1 46-47 Sikh

Indian Punjabi  pa_IN India 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iCN} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCN}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 1 46-47 Sikh

Indian Punjabi  pa_IN India 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iCN {iSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iCN} {iFN1} {iCT1} 1 46-47 Sikh Indian Punjabi  pa_IN India Sikh 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mCN} {CN}{FN1} {uCN}, {mFN1} 1 46-47 International Indian Punjabi  pa_IN India Sikh 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mCN {mSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {mSN1}, {mCN} {mFN1} 1 46-47 International Indian Punjabi  pa_IN India Sikh 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mCN} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {uCN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 46-47 International Indian Punjabi  pa_IN India Sikh 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mCN {mSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCN} {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 46-47 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 id Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 {mNN} {NN} {uNN} 2 97-100

 id Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 97-100

 id Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mBN} {mFN1} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1}, {mBN} 2 97-100

 id Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mCN} {FN1}{CN} {uCN}, {mFN1} 2 97-100

 id Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 97-100

 id Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uBN}, {mFN1} 2 97-100

 id Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mHT} {mFN1} {FN1}{HT} {uFN1}, {mHT} 2 97-100

 id Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 97-100 A –30

 id_ID Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 {mNN} {NN} {uNN} 2 97-100

 id_ID Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 97-100

 id_ID Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mBN} {mFN1} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1}, {mBN} 2 97-100

 id_ID Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mCN} {FN1}{CN} {uCN}, {mFN1} 2 97-100

 id_ID Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 97-100

 id_ID Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uBN}, {mFN1} 2 97-100

 id_ID Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mHT} {mFN1} {FN1}{HT} {uFN1}, {mHT} 2 97-100

 id_ID Indonesia Indonesian 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 97-100

101-  fa Iran Iranian Farsi 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 2 106

101-  fa Iran Iranian Farsi 1 2 3 ({iSN2}) {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} ({iSN2}) {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 2 106

 fa Iran Iranian Farsi 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 1 37-38

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 fa Iran Iranian Farsi 1 1 2 4 ({iSN2}) {iSN1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} ({iSN2}) {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 1 37-38

101-  fa_IR Iran Iranian Farsi 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 2 106

101-  fa_IR Iran Iranian Farsi 1 2 3 ({iSN2}) {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} ({iSN2}) {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 2 106

 fa_IR Iran Iranian Farsi 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 1 37-38

 fa_IR Iran Iranian Farsi 1 1 2 4 ({iSN2}) {iSN1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} ({iSN2}) {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 1 37-38

Iranian Farsi 101-  fa_IR Iran 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 International 106

Iranian Farsi 101-  fa_IR Iran 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} ({mSN2}) {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} ({mSN2}) 2 International 106

Iranian Farsi  fa_IR Iran 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 37-38 International

Iranian Farsi  fa_IR Iran 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} ({mSN2}) {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} ({mSN2}) {mCT1} 1 37-38 International

A –31  ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 ar_IQ Iraq Iraqi Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International A –32 Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Iraqi Arabic  ar_IQ Iraq 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

 ku Iraq Kurdish 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 1 39

 ku Iraq Kurdish 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 1 39

 ku_IQ Iraq Kurdish 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 1 39

 ku_IQ Iraq Kurdish 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} 1 39

Kurdish  ku_IQ Iraq 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 39 International

Kurdish  ku_IQ Iraq 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 39 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

107-  ga Ireland Irish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 108

107-  ga Ireland Irish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mBN} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mBN} 2 108

107-  ga Ireland Irish 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{SN1}{FN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mSN1} 2 108

107-  ga Ireland Irish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uCN}, {mFN1} 2 108

107-  ga_IE Ireland Irish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 108

107-  ga_IE Ireland Irish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mBN} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mBN} 2 108

107-  ga_IE Ireland Irish 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{SN1}{FN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mSN1} 2 108

107-  ga_IE Ireland Irish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uCN}, {mFN1} 2 108

109-  he Israel Israeli Hebrew 1 1 1 3 {iPM1} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1} {iPM1} {iPA1} {iFN1} 2 111

109-

A –33  he Israel Israeli Hebrew 1 1 1 1 4 {iBN} {iPM1} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1}{BN} {iBN} {iPM1} {iPA1} {iFN1} 2 111

109-  he Israel Israeli Hebrew 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1} {iFN1} 2 111

109-  he_IL Israel Israeli Hebrew 1 1 1 3 {iPM1} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1} {iPM1} {iPA1} {iFN1} 2 111

109-  he_IL Israel Israeli Hebrew 1 1 1 1 4 {iBN} {iPM1} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1}{BN} {iBN} {iPM1} {iPA1} {iFN1} 2 111

109-  he_IL Israel Israeli Hebrew 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1} {iFN1} 2 111

Israeli 109-  he_IL Israel 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} 2 International 111

Israeli 109-  he_IL Israel 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {mBN} {SN1}{PM1}{BN} {uFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {mBN} 2 International 111

Israeli 109-  he_IL Israel 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 International 111

112-  it Italy Italian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 114

112-  it Italy Italian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM} {uFN1} {uGN} 2 114

112-  it Italy Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mGN}, {mHT} {FN1}{GM}{HT} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mHT} 2 114

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

112-  it Italy Italian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 114

112-  it Italy Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {uFN1}, {mHT} 2 114

112-  it Italy Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 114

112-  it Italy Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCN} 2 114

112-  it_IT Italy Italian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 114

112-  it_IT Italy Italian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM} {uFN1} {uGN} 2 114

112-  it_IT Italy Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mGN}, {mHT} {FN1}{GM}{HT} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mHT} 2 114

112-  it_IT Italy Italian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 114 A –34 112-  it_IT Italy Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {uFN1}, {mHT} 2 114

112-  it_IT Italy Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 114

112-  it_IT Italy Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCN} 2 114

115-  fr_CI Ivory Coast Ivorian 1 1 2 {mPM1} {mFN1} {FN1}{PM1} {uPM1}, {mFN1} 2 116

115-  fr_CI Ivory Coast Ivorian 1 1 1 3 {mPA1} {mPM1} {mFN1} {FN1}{PM1} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 116

115-  fr_CI Ivory Coast Ivorian 1 1 1 3 {mPM1} {mPA1} {mFN1} {FN1}{PM1} {uPM1}, {mPA1} {mFN1} 2 116

115-  fr_CI Ivory Coast Ivorian 1 1 1 3 {mPM1} {mHT} {mFN1} {FN1}{PM1}{HT} {uPM1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 116

Jamaican 244-  en_JM Jamaica 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Jamaican 244-  en_JM Jamaica 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Jamaican 244-  en_JM Jamaica 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Jamaican 244-  en_JM Jamaica 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Jamaican 244-  en_JM Jamaica 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Jamaican 244-  en_JM Jamaica 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Jamaican 244-  en_JM Jamaica 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Jamaican 244-  en_JM Jamaica 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Jamaican 244-  en_JM Jamaica 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

118-  ja Japan Japanese 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 120

118-  ja Japan Japanese 1 1 2 {iSN1}{iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 2 120

118-  ja_JP Japan Japanese 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 120

118-  ja_JP Japan Japanese 1 1 2 {iSN1}{iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 2 120

Japanese 118-

A –35  ja_JP Japan 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 International 120

Japanese 118-  ja_JP Japan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 International 120

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36

A –36 International Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Jordanian  ar_JO Jordan Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International 121-  kk Kazakhstan Kazakh 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 122

121-  kk_KZ Kazakhstan Kazakh 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 122

Afroasiatic 123-  so_KE Kenya 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uPM1} 2 group 127

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

123-  bnt_KE Kenya Bantu Group 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 127

123-  bnt_KE Kenya Bantu Group 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 127

123-  kln Kenya Kalenjin 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 127

123-  kln Kenya Kalenjin 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 127

123-  kln_KE Kenya Kalenjin 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 127

123-  kln_KE Kenya Kalenjin 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 127

123-  pko Kenya Pokot 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{BN}{PM1} {uBN} {uPA1} {uPM1}, {mFN1} 2 127

123-  pko Kenya Pokot 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {BN}{PM1} {uBN} {uPA1} {uPM1} 2 127

123-  pko_KE Kenya Pokot 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{BN}{PM1} {uBN} {uPA1} {uPM1}, {mFN1} 2 127

123-

A –37  pko_KE Kenya Pokot 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {BN}{PM1} {uBN} {uPA1} {uPM1} 2 127

123-  luo Kenya Luo 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{BN}{PM1} {uBN} {uPA1} {uPM1}, {mFN1} 2 127

123-  luo Kenya Luo 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {BN}{PM1} {uPM1}, {mBN} {uPA1} 2 127

123-  luo_KE Kenya Luo 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{BN}{PM1} {uBN} {uPA1} {uPM1}, {mFN1} 2 127

123-  luo_KE Kenya Luo 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {BN}{PM1} {uPM1}, {mBN} {uPA1} 2 127

123-  sw_KE Kenya Banjuni Group 1 1 {mBN} {BN} {uBN} 2 127

123-  sw_KE Kenya Banjuni Group 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {BN}{PM1} {uBN} {uPA1} {uPM1} 2 127

Kenyan 244-  en_KE Kenya 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Kenyan 244-  en_KE Kenya 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Kenyan 244-  en_KE Kenya 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Kenyan 244-  en_KE Kenya 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Kenyan 244-  en_KE Kenya 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Kenyan 244-  en_KE Kenya 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Kenyan 244-  en_KE Kenya 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Kenyan 244-  en_KE Kenya 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Kenyan 244-  en_KE Kenya 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

128-  ky Kirgizstan Kyrgyzstani 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 129

128-  ky_KG Kirgizstan Kyrgyzstani 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 129

130-  ko Korea Korean 1 1 2 {iSN1}{iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{mFN1} 2 132 A –38 130-  ko Korea Korean 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {iSN1}{iFN1},{iCN} 2 132

130-  ko Korea Korean 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{mFN1}{iCT1} 2 132

130-  ko Korea Korean 1 1 1 1 4 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCN}{iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1},{iCN}{iCT1} 2 132

130-  ko_KP Korea Korean 1 1 2 {iSN1}{iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{mFN1} 2 132

130-  ko_KP Korea Korean 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {iSN1}{iFN1},{iCN} 2 132

130-  ko_KP Korea Korean 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{mFN1}{iCT1} 2 132

130-  ko_KP Korea Korean 1 1 1 1 4 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCN}{iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1},{iCN}{iCT1} 2 132

130-  ko_KR Korea Korean 1 1 2 {iSN1}{iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{mFN1} 2 132

130-  ko_KR Korea Korean 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {iSN1}{iFN1},{iCN} 2 132

130-  ko_KR Korea Korean 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{mFN1}{iCT1} 2 132

130-  ko_KR Korea Korean 1 1 1 1 4 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCN}{iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1},{iCN}{iCT1} 2 132

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Korean 130-  ko_KR Korea 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 2 International 132

Korean 130-  ko_KR Korea 1 1 1 3 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mCN} 2 International 132

Korean 130-  ko_KR Korea 1 1 1 3 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 International 132

Korean 130-  ko_KR Korea 1 1 1 1 4 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCN} {mCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN}{CT1} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mCN} {mCT1} 2 International 132

 ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

A –39  ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_KW Kuwait Kuwati Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Kuwati Arabic  ar_KW Kuwait 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International A –40 133-  lv Latvia Latvian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 134

 lv Latvia Latvian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 16

 lv Latvia Latvian X 1 1 2 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 16

133-  lv_LV Latvia Latvian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 134

 lv_LV Latvia Latvian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 16

 lv_LV Latvia Latvian X 1 1 2 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 16

Lebanese 135-  ar_LB Lebanon 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 2 Arabic 136 Lebanese 135-  ar_LB Lebanon Arabic 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} ,{mFN1} 2 136 International 137-  lt Lithuania Lithuanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 138

 lt Lithuania Lithuanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 17

 lt Lithuania Lithuanian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 17

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

137-  lt_LT Lithuania Lithuanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 138

 lt_LT Lithuania Lithuanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 17

 lt_LT Lithuania Lithuanian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 17

Luxembourgish  de_LU Luxembourg 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 75-78 German

Luxembourgish  de_LU Luxembourg 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 75-78 German

Luxembourgish  de_LU Luxembourg 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uPA1}{uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 75-78 German

Luxembourgish  de_LU Luxembourg 1 2 1 1 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mBN} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uPA1}{uSN1} {uPA2} {uBN}, {mFN1} 2 75-78 German

Luxembourgish  de_LU Luxembourg 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 75-78 German

Luxembourgish  fr_LU Luxembourg 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 68-70 French

Luxembourgish

A –41  fr_LU Luxembourg 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 68-70 French

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_LY Lybia Lybian Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International A –42 Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Lybian Arabic  ar_LY Lybia 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

140-  mk Macedonia Macedonian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 141

140-  mk Macedonia Macedonian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} 2 141

 mk Macedonia Macedonian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 31-32

140-  mk Macedonia Macedonian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 141

 mk Macedonia Macedonian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 31-32

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

140-  mk_MK Macedonia Macedonian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 141

140-  mk_MK Macedonia Macedonian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} 2 141

 mk_MK Macedonia Macedonian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 31-32

140-  mk_MK Macedonia Macedonian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 141

 mk_MK Macedonia Macedonian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 31-32

142-  mg Madagascar Malagasy 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 143

142-  mg_MG Madagascar Malagasy 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 143

Malawian  ny Malawi 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 144 Chichewa

Malawian  ny Malawi 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mCN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {uCN}, {mFN1} 2 144 Chichewa

Malawian

A –43  ny_MW Malawi 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 144 Chichewa

Malawian  ny_MW Malawi 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mCN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {uCN}, {mFN1} 2 144 Chichewa

Malawian 244-  en_MW Malawi 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Malawian 244-  en_MW Malawi 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Malawian 244-  en_MW Malawi 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Malawian 244-  en_MW Malawi 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Malawian 244-  en_MW Malawi 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Malawian 244-  en_MW Malawi 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Malawian 244-  en_MW Malawi 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Malawian 244-  en_MW Malawi 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Malawian 244-  en_MW Malawi 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Malaysian 145-  ms Malysia Bahasa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {mPM1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms Malysia Bahasa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms Malysia Bahasa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1} {mBN} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {nSN} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms Malysia Bahasa 2 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mCT2} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1}{CT2}{CT1} {uFN1} {mCT2} {mPM1}, {mCT1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {HT}{CT1}{FN1}{PM1} {uHT} {uCT1} {uFN1} {uPM1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1}{CN} {uFN1} {mPM1}, {mCN} 2

A –44 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPM1} {HT}{FN1}{PM1} {uHT} {uFN1} {uPM1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {nPM} {FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uFN1} {mPM1}, {mCT1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms_MY Malysia Bahasa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {mPM1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms_MY Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms_MY Malysia Bahasa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms_MY Malysia Bahasa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1} {mBN} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms_MY Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {nSN} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms_MY Malysia Bahasa 2 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mCT2} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1}{CT2}{CT1} {uFN1} {mCT2} {mPM1}, {mCT1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms_MY Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {HT}{CT1}{FN1}{PM1} {uHT} {uCT1} {uFN1} {uPM1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms_MY Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1}{CN} {uFN1} {mPM1}, {mCN} 2 149 Malaysia

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Malaysian 145-  ms_MY Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPM1} {HT}{FN1}{PM1} {uHT} {uFN1} {uPM1} 2 149 Malaysia Malaysian 145-  ms_MY Malysia Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {nPM} {FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uFN1} {mPM1}, {mCT1} 2 149 Malaysia 145-  iba Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {BN}{PM1} {uBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} 2 149

145-  iba Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 2 {mBN} {mPM1} {BN}{PM1} {uBN} {mPM1} 2 149

145-  iba Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1} {uBN} 2 149

145-  iba Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{BN}PM} {uFN1} {uBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} 2 149

145-  iba Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mBN} {mPM1} {FN1}{BN}PM} {uFN1} {uBN} {mPM1} 2 149

145-  iba Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 149

145-  iba_MY Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {BN}{PM1} {uBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} 2 149

145-

A –45  iba_MY Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 2 {mBN} {mPM1} {BN}{PM1} {uBN} {mPM1} 2 149

145-  iba_MY Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1} {uBN} 2 149

145-  iba_MY Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{BN}PM} {uFN1} {uBN} {mPA1} {mPM1} 2 149

145-  iba_MY Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mBN} {mPM1} {FN1}{BN}PM} {uFN1} {uBN} {mPM1} 2 149

145-  iba_MY Malysia Malaysian Iban 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 149

150-  mt Malta Maltese 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {FN1}{SN1} {uFN1}, {mSN1} 2 151

150-  mt Malta Maltese 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 151

150-  mt Malta Maltese 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mHT} {mSN1} {FN1}{SN1}{HT} {uFN1}, {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 151

150-  mt Malta Maltese 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mPA1} {mBN} {BN}{HT} {uBN}, {mHT} {mPA1} 2 151

150-  mt_MT Malta Maltese 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {FN1}{SN1} {uFN1}, {mSN1} 2 151

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

150-  mt_MT Malta Maltese 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 151

150-  mt_MT Malta Maltese 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mHT} {mSN1} {FN1}{SN1}{HT} {uFN1}, {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 151

150-  mt_MT Malta Maltese 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mPA1} {mBN} {BN}{HT} {uBN}, {mHT} {mPA1} 2 151

Maltese 244-  en_MT Malta 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Maltese 244-  en_MT Malta 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Maltese 244-  en_MT Malta 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Maltese 244-  en_MT Malta 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Maltese 244-  en_MT Malta 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251 A –46 Maltese 244-  en_MT Malta 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Maltese 244-  en_MT Malta 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Maltese 244-  en_MT Malta 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Maltese 244-  en_MT Malta 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican  es_MX Mexico 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 25-26 Spanish

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{FN1}{SN1} {uBN}, {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 Spanish 213

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM}{CN} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 2 1 5 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican  es_MX Mexico 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 25-26 Spanish

Mexican 211-

A –47  es_MX Mexico 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican 211-  es_MX Mexico 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Mexican  es_MX Mexico 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Mexican  es_MX Mexico 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Mexican  es_MX Mexico 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Mexican  es_MX Mexico 1 1 2 1 5 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Mexican  es_MX Mexico 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

153-  mo Moldova Moldovan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 154

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

153-  mo_MD Moldova Moldovan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 154

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic A –48 Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Moroccan  ar_MA Morocco Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International 155-  my Myanmar Burmese 1 1 2 {iCT1} {iFN1} {FN1}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iCT1} 2 158

155-  my Myanmar Burmese 1 1 1 3 {iBN} {iCT1} {iFN1} {FN1}{BN}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iCT1} ({iBN}) 2 158

155-  my_MM Myanmar Burmese 1 1 2 {iCT1} {iFN1} {FN1}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iCT1} 2 158

A –49 155-  my_MM Myanmar Burmese 1 1 1 3 {iBN} {iCT1} {iFN1} {FN1}{BN}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iCT1} ({iBN}) 2 158

Burmese 155-  my_MM Myanmar 1 1 2 {mCT1} {mFN1} {FN1}{CT1} {uFN1}, {mCT1} 2 International 158

Burmese 155-  my_MM Myanmar 1 1 1 3 {mBN} {mCT1} {mFN1} {FN1}{BN}{CT1} {uFN1}, {mCT1} ({mBN}) 2 International 158

159-  nl Netherlands Dutch 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 160

159-  nl Netherlands Dutch 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 160

159-  nl Netherlands Dutch 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 160

159-  nl Netherlands Dutch 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPA1} 2 160

159-  nl Netherlands Dutch 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} ({lGA}) 2 160

159-  nl_NL Netherlands Dutch 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 160

159-  nl_NL Netherlands Dutch 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 160

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

159-  nl_NL Netherlands Dutch 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 160

159-  nl_NL Netherlands Dutch 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPA1} 2 160

159-  nl_NL Netherlands Dutch 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} ({lGA}) 2 160

New New  fr_NC 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 161 Caledonia Caledonian

New Zealander 244-  en_NZ New Zealand 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

New Zealander 244-  en_NZ New Zealand 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

New Zealander 244-  en_NZ New Zealand 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

New Zealander 244-  en_NZ New Zealand 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251 A –50 New Zealander 244-  en_NZ New Zealand 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

New Zealander 244-  en_NZ New Zealand 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

New Zealander 244-  en_NZ New Zealand 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

New Zealander 244-  en_NZ New Zealand 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

New Zealander 244-  en_NZ New Zealand 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

New Zealander 162-  mi New Zealand 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 Maori 163

New Zealander 162-  mi New Zealand 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GA} {uFN1} {uGA} 2 Maori 163

New Zealander 162-  mi New Zealand 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1}{GA} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGA} 2 Maori 163

New Zealander 162-  mi New Zealand 1 1 2 {mPA1} {mFN1} {FN1} {uPA1} {uFN1} 2 Maori 163

New Zealander 162-  mi New Zealand 1 1 1 3 {mPA1} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GA} {uPA1} {uFN1} {uGA} 2 Maori 163

New Zealander 162-  mi_NZ New Zealand 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 Maori 163

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

New Zealander 162-  mi_NZ New Zealand 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GA} {uFN1} {uGA} 2 Maori 163

New Zealander 162-  mi_NZ New Zealand 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1}{GA} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGA} 2 Maori 163

New Zealander 162-  mi_NZ New Zealand 1 1 2 {mPA1} {mFN1} {FN1} {uPA1} {uFN1} 2 Maori 163

New Zealander 162-  mi_NZ New Zealand 1 1 1 3 {mPA1} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GA} {uPA1} {uFN1} {uGA} 2 Maori 163

164-  yo Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 171

164-  yo Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 2 {mCT1} {mFN1} {FN1}{CT1} {uFN1} {mCT1} 2 171

164-  yo Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1} {uBN} 2 171

164-  yo Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 2 {mFN1}, {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 171

 yo Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 5-7

164-

A –51  yo Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1}, {mSN1}, {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, mHT} 2 171

164-  yo Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1}, {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uPA1}, {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 171

164-  yo Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1}, {mPA1} {mSN1}, {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uPA1}, {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 171

164-  yo_NG Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 171

164-  yo_NG Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 2 {mCT1} {mFN1} {FN1}{CT1} {uFN1} {mCT1} 2 171

164-  yo_NG Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1} {uBN} 2 171

164-  yo_NG Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 2 {mFN1}, {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 171

 yo_NG Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 5-7

164-  yo_NG Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1}, {mSN1}, {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, mHT} 2 171

164-  yo_NG Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1}, {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uPA1}, {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 171

164-  yo_NG Nigeria Nigerian 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1}, {mPA1} {mSN1}, {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uPA1}, {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 171

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Nigerian 244-  en_NG Nigeria 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Nigerian 244-  en_NG Nigeria 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Nigerian 244-  en_NG Nigeria 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Nigerian 244-  en_NG Nigeria 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Nigerian 244-  en_NG Nigeria 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Nigerian 244-  en_NG Nigeria 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Nigerian 244-  en_NG Nigeria 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Nigerian 244-  en_NG Nigeria 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251 A –52 Nigerian 244-  en_NG Nigeria 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

172-  nb Norway Norwegian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 174

172-  nb Norway Norwegian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 174

Norwegian 172-  nb Norway 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} 2 Lappers 174

172-  nb_NO Norway Norwegian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 174

172-  nb_NO Norway Norwegian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 174

Norwegian 172-  nb_NO Norway 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} 2 Lappers 174

172-  nn Norway Norwegian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 174

172-  nn Norway Norwegian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 174

Norwegian 172-  nn Norway 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} 2 Lappers 174

172-  nn_NO Norway Norwegian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 174

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

172-  nn_NO Norway Norwegian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 174

Norwegian 172-  nn_NO Norway 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} 2 Lappers 174

 ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

A –53  ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_OM Oman Omani Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Omani Arabic  ar_OM Oman 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

175-  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 177

175-  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 2 2 {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN2}{FN1} {iFN2} ,{iFN1} 2 177 A –54 175-  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 2 2 {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2} {iFN1} ,{iFN2} 2 177

175-  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {FN1}{SN1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 2 177

175-  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iCN} {iFN1} {FN1}{CN} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 2 177

175-  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iHT} {HT}{FN1} {iHT} ,{iFN1} 2 177

175-  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 2 3 {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {HT}{FN2}{FN1} {iHT} {iFN2} ,{iFN1} 2 177

175-  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 2 3 {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {HT}{FN1}{FN2} {iHT} {iFN1} ,{iFN2} 2 177

175-  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iHT} {HT}{FN1}{SN1} {iHT} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 2 177

175-  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iCN} {iFN1} {iHT} {HT}{FN1}{CN} {iHT} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 2 177

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iCN} {CN}{FN1} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 1 48-51

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iCN} {iFN1} {CN}{FN1} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 1 48-51

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iCN} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iCN} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iCN} {iSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iHT} {iFN1} {FN1}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN1} 1 48-51

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iHT} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iHT} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

175-  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 2 177

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iCN} {iCT1} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 1 48-51

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iCN} {iFN1} {iCT1} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 1 48-51

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iCN} {iCT1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 1 4 {iCN} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

A –55  ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 1 4 {iFN1} {iCN} {iSN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iHT} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{HT}{CT1} {iCT1} {iHT} ,{iFN1} 1 48-51

 ur Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 1 4 {iSN1} {iHT} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {iCT1} {iHT} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

175-  ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 177

175-  ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 2 2 {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN2}{FN1} {iFN2} ,{iFN1} 2 177

175-  ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 2 2 {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2} {iFN1} ,{iFN2} 2 177

175-  ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {FN1}{SN1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 2 177

175-  ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iCN} {iFN1} {FN1}{CN} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 2 177

175-  ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iHT} {HT}{FN1} {iHT} ,{iFN1} 2 177

175-  ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 2 3 {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {HT}{FN2}{FN1} {iHT} {iFN2} ,{iFN1} 2 177

175-  ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 2 3 {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {HT}{FN1}{FN2} {iHT} {iFN1} ,{iFN2} 2 177

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

175-  ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iHT} {HT}{FN1}{SN1} {iHT} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 2 177

175-  ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iCN} {iFN1} {iHT} {HT}{FN1}{CN} {iHT} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 2 177

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iCN} {CN}{FN1} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 1 48-51

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iCN} {iFN1} {CN}{FN1} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 1 48-51

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iCN} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iCN} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iCN} {iSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iHT} {iFN1} {FN1}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN1} 1 48-51 A –56

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iHT} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iHT} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

175-  ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 2 177

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iCN} {iCT1} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 1 48-51

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iCN} {iFN1} {iCT1} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} ,{iCN} 1 48-51

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iCN} {iCT1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 1 4 {iCN} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 1 4 {iFN1} {iCN} {iSN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN1} {iCN} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 3 {iHT} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{HT}{CT1} {iCT1} {iHT} ,{iFN1} 1 48-51

 ur_PK Pakistan Pakistani Urdu 1 1 1 1 4 {iSN1} {iHT} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {iCT1} {iHT} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 48-51

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 International 177

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 2 2 {mFN1} {mFN2} {FN1}{FN2} {uFN1}, {mFN2} 2 International 177

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 2 2 {mFN1} {mFN2} {FN2}{FN1} {uFN2}, {mFN1} 2 International 177

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 International 177

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mCN} {CN}{FN1} {uCN}, {mFN1} 2 International 177

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 2 {mHT} {mFN1} {FN1}{HT} {uFN1}, {mHT} 2 International 177

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 1 2 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uFN1}, {mFN2} {mHT} 2 International 177

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 1 2 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {FN2}{FN1}{HT} {uFN2}, {mFN1} {mHT} 2 International 177

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} 2 International 177

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mCN} {CN}{FN1}{HT} {uCN}, {mFN1} {mHT} 2 International 177

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {CN}{FN1} {uCN}, {mFN1} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani

A –57  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mCN} {CN}{FN1} {uCN}, {mFN1} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mCN} {mFN1} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 3 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCN} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mCN} {mFN1} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 3 {mSN1} {mCN} {mFN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mCN} {mFN1} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mHT} {FN1}{HT} {uFN1}, {mHT} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 International 177

Pakistani 175-  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mCN} {CN}{FN1} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 International 177

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mCN} {mFN1} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {uCN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mCN} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {uCN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCN} {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 48-51 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCN} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCN} {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mSN1} {mCN} {mFN1} {SN1}{CN}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCN} {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mHT} {FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uFN1}, {mHT} {mCT1} 1 48-51 International

Pakistani  ur_PK Pakistan 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} {mCT1} 1 48-51 International

Papua New 244-  en_PG Papuan English 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Guinea 251

Papua New 244-  en_PG Papuan English 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 Guinea 251

Papua New 244-  en_PG Papuan English 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 Guinea 251

Papua New 244-  en_PG Papuan English 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 Guinea 251 A –58 Papua New 244-  en_PG Papuan English 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 Guinea 251

Papua New 244-  en_PG Papuan English 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 Guinea 251

Papua New 244-  en_PG Papuan English 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 Guinea 251

Papua New 244-  en_PG Papuan English 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 Guinea 251

Papua New 244-  en_PG Papuan English 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 Guinea 251

179-  es_PE Peru Peruvuan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 180

179-  es_PE Peru Peruvuan 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1 {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 180

179-  es_PE Peru Peruvuan 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{PA1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 180

179-  es_PE Peru Peruvuan 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 180

179-  es_PE Peru Peruvuan 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1 {mSN2}, {mHT} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 180

179-  es_PE Peru Peruvuan 1 1 1 2 5 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2}, {mHT} {SN1}{PA1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 180

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

179-  es_PE Peru Peruvuan 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mPA1} 2 180

179-  es_PE Peru Peruvuan 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1}, {mPA1} 2 180

179-  es_PE Peru Peruvuan 2 1 2 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {SN1}{PA2}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {mPA2} {uSN2}, {mFN1}, {mPA1} 2 180

Philipino 244-  en_PH Philippines 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Philipino 244-  en_PH Philippines 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Philipino 244-  en_PH Philippines 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Philipino 244-  en_PH Philippines 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Philipino 244-  en_PH Philippines 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Philipino 244-  en_PH Philippines 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Philipino 244-

A –59  en_PH Philippines 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Philipino 244-  en_PH Philippines 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Philipino 244-  en_PH Philippines 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino  es_PH Philippines 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 25-26 Spanish

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{FN1}{SN1} {uBN}, {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM}{CN} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 2 1 5 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino  es_PH Philippines 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 25-26 Spanish A –60 Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino 211-  es_PH Philippines 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Philipino  es_PH Philippines 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Philipino  es_PH Philippines 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Philipino  es_PH Philippines 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Philipino  es_PH Philippines 1 1 2 1 5 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Philipino  es_PH Philippines 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

183-  pl Poland Polish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 184

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 pl Poland Polish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 18-19

 pl Poland Polish 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 18-19

183-  pl_PL Poland Polish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 184

 pl_PL Poland Polish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 18-19

 pl_PL Poland Polish 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 18-19

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 186

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 186

 pt Portugal Portuguese 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 20-21

 pt Portugal Portuguese 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} e {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} E {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 20-21

185-

A –61  pt Portugal Portuguese 2 1 2 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 186

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {uGN}, {mFN1} 2 186

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} 2 186

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 2 1 2 1 6 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 186

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT} {uBN}, {mHT} 2 186

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 3 {mGN} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT} {uBN}, {mGA} {mHT} 2 186

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 186

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 186

 pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 20-21

 pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} e {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} E {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 20-21

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 2 1 2 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 186

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 186

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 186

{mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 2 1 2 1 7 {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} 2 {mGN} {mCT1} 186

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT}{CT1} {uBN}, {mHT} 2 186

185-  pt Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mGN} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT}{CT1} {uBN}, {mGA} {mHT} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 186

 pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 20-21 A –62

 pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} e {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} E {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 20-21

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 2 1 2 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {uGN}, {mFN1} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 2 1 2 1 6 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT} {uBN}, {mHT} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 3 {mGN} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT} {uBN}, {mGA} {mHT} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 186

 pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 20-21

 pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} e {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} E {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 20-21

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 2 1 2 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 2 1 2 1 7 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT}{CT1} {uBN}, {mHT} 2 186

185-  pt_PT Portugal Portuguese 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mGN} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT}{CT1} {uBN}, {mGA} {mHT} 2 186

 ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

A –63  ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_QA Qatar Qatari Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International A –64 Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Qatari Arabic  ar_QA Qatar 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

187-  ro Romania Romanian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 190

187-  ro Romania Romanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mHT} {FN1} {uFN1}, {mHT} 2 190

187-  ro Romania Romanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mCN} {FN1} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 190

187-  ro Romania Romanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 190

 ro Romania Romanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 22

187-  ro Romania Romanian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} 2 190

187-  ro Romania Romanian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {PM1}{SN1}{FN1} {uPM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 190

187-  ro Romania Romanian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 190

187-  ro Romania Romanian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 190

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 ro Romania Romanian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 22

187-  ro Romania Romanian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} {mCT1} 2 190

187-  ro Romania Romanian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {PM1}{SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uPM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 190

187-  ro Romania Romanian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 190

187-  ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 190

187-  ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mHT} {FN1} {uFN1}, {mHT} 2 190

187-  ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mCN} {FN1} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 190

187-  ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 190

 ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 22

187-

A –65  ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} 2 190

187-  ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {PM1}{SN1}{FN1} {uPM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 190

187-  ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 190

187-  ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 190

 ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 22

187-  ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} {mCT1} 2 190

187-  ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {PM1}{SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uPM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 190

187-  ro_RO Romania Romanian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 190

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1} {uFN1} {uGN} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Federation 193

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 Federation 193

Russian  ru Russian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 1 23-24 Federation

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mGN} {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1}, {mCN} {mGN} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 Federation 193 A –66 Russian  ru Russian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 1 23-24 Federation

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} {mCT1} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru Russian 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mCT1} {mCN} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} {mCT1} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1} {uFN1} {uGN} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 Federation 193

Russian  ru_RU Russian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 1 23-24 Federation

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mGN} {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1}, {mCN} {mGN} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Federation 193

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 Federation 193

Russian  ru_RU Russian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 1 23-24 Federation

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} {mCT1} 2 Federation 193

Russian 191-  ru_RU Russian 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mCT1} {mCN} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} {mCT1} 2 Federation 193

 ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

A –67  ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SA Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International A –68 Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Saudi Arabic  ar_SA Saudi Arabia 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

194-  fr_SN Senegal Senagalese 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPM2} {PM2}{FN1}{PM1} {uPM2}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 196

194-  fr_SN Senegal Senagalese 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPM2} {PM1}{FN1}{PM2} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mPM2} 2 196

194-  fr_SN Senegal Senagalese 1 3 4 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPM2} {mPM3} {PM3}{FN1}{PM1}{PM2} {uPM3}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPM2} 2 196

194-  fr_SN Senegal Senagalese 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mBN} {mPM1} {PM1}{FN1}{BN} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mBN} 2 196

194-  fr_SN Senegal Senagalese 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPM2} {mBN} {PM1}{FN1}{PM2}{BN} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mPM2} {mBN} 2 196

194-  fr_SN Senegal Senagalese 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPM2} {PM2}{FN1}{PM1} {uPM2}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mCT1} 2 196

194-  fr_SN Senegal Senagalese 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPM2} {PM1}{FN1}{PM2} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mPM2} {mCT1} 2 196

194-  fr_SN Senegal Senagalese 1 1 3 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPM2} {mPM3} {PM3]{FN1}{PM1}{PM2} {uPM3}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPM2} {mCT1} 2 196

194-  fr_SN Senegal Senagalese 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mBN} {mPM1} {PM1}{FN1}{BN} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mBN} {mCT1} 2 196

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

194-  fr_SN Senegal Senagalese 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mPM2} {mBN} {PM1}{FN1}{PM2}{BN} {uPM1}, {mFN1} {mPM2} {mBN} {mCT1} 2 196

197-  sr Serbia Serbian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 198

197-  sr Serbia Serbian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 198

197-  sr_RS Serbia Serbian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 198

197-  sr_RS Serbia Serbian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 198

197-  sr_ME Serbia Serbian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 198

197-  sr_ME Serbia Serbian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 198

Sierra Leonean 244-  en_SL Sierra Leone 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Sierra Leonean 244-  en_SL Sierra Leone 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Sierra Leonean 244-

A –69  en_SL Sierra Leone 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Sierra Leonean 244-  en_SL Sierra Leone 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Sierra Leonean 244-  en_SL Sierra Leone 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Sierra Leonean 244-  en_SL Sierra Leone 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Sierra Leonean 244-  en_SL Sierra Leone 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Sierra Leonean 244-  en_SL Sierra Leone 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Sierra Leonean 244-  en_SL Sierra Leone 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Singaporean  zh_SG Singapore 1 1 2 {iSN1}{iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 1 56-59 Chinese

Singaporean  zh_SG Singapore 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1} {iCT1} 1 56-59 Chinese Singaporean 145-  ms_SG Singapore Bahasa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {mPM1} 2 149 Malaysia Singaporean 145-  ms_SG Singapore 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} 2 Bahasa 149

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Malaysia

Singaporean 145-  ms_SG Singapore Bahasa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {mFN1} 2 149 Malaysia Singaporean 145-  ms_SG Singapore Bahasa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mBN} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1} {mBN} 2 149 Malaysia Singaporean 145-  ms_SG Singapore Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {nSN} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 149 Malaysia Singaporean 145-  ms_SG Singapore Bahasa 2 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mCT2} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1}{CT2}{CT1} {uFN1} {mCT2} {mPM1}, {mCT1} 2 149 Malaysia Singaporean 145-  ms_SG Singapore Bahasa 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {HT}{CT1}{FN1}{PM1} {uHT} {uCT1} {uFN1} {uPM1} 2 149 Malaysia Singaporean 145-  ms_SG Singapore Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1}{CN} {uFN1} {mPM1}, {mCN} 2 149 Malaysia Singaporean 145-  ms_SG Singapore Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPM1} {HT}{FN1}{PM1} {uHT} {uFN1} {uPM1} 2

A –70 149 Malaysia Singaporean 145-  ms_SG Singapore Bahasa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {nPM} {FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uFN1} {mPM1}, {mCT1} 2 149 Malaysia Singaporean 244-  en_SG Singapore 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Singaporean 244-  en_SG Singapore 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Singaporean 244-  en_SG Singapore 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Singaporean 244-  en_SG Singapore 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Singaporean 244-  en_SG Singapore 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Singaporean 244-  en_SG Singapore 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Singaporean 244-  en_SG Singapore 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Singaporean 244-  en_SG Singapore 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Singaporean 244-  en_SG Singapore 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Singaporean 201-  ta_SG Singapore 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {uPM1} 2 Tamil 202

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 sk Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 12

 sk Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 57-58

203-  sk Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 204

 sk Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 12

 sk Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 2 {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 57-58

 sk Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 2 {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 12

 sk Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 12

 sk_SK Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 12

 sk_SK Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 57-58

203-

A –71  sk_SK Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 204

 sk_SK Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 12

 sk_SK Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 2 {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 57-58

 sk_SK Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 2 {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 12

 sk_SK Slovakia Slovakian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} z {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} z {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 12

205-  sl Slovenia Slovenian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 207

 sl Slovenia Slovenian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 32

 sl Slovenia Slovenian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 32

205-  sl_SL Slovenia Slovenian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 207

 sl_SL Slovenia Slovenian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 32

 sl_SL Slovenia Slovenian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 32

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 so Somalia Somali 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 8-9

 so_SO Somalia Somali 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 8-9

South African 208-  af South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 Afrikaans 210

South African 208-  af South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Afrikaans 210

South African 208-  af South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Afrikaans 210

South African 208-  af South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Afrikaans 210

South African 208-  af South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 Afrikaans 210

South African 208-  af South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 Afrikaans 210 A –72 South African 208-  af_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 Afrikaans 210

South African 208-  af_ZA South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Afrikaans 210

South African 208-  af_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Afrikaans 210

South African 208-  af_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Afrikaans 210

South African 208-  af_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 Afrikaans 210

South African 208-  af_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 Afrikaans 210

South African 208-  nd South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 North Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nd South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 North Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nd South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 North Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nd South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 North Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nd South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 North Ndebele 210

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

South African 208-  nd South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 North Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nd_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 North Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nd_ZA South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 North Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nd_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 North Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nd_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 North Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nd_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 North Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nd_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 North Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nr South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nr South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-

A –73  nr South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nr South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nr South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nr South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nr_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nr_ZA South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nr_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nr_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nr_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-  nr_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Ndebele 210

South African 208-  ss South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Swati 210

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

South African 208-  ss South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Swati 210

South African 208-  ss South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Swati 210

South African 208-  ss South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Swati 210

South African 208-  ss South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Swati 210

South African 208-  ss South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Swati 210

South African 208-  ss_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Swati 210

South African 208-  ss_ZA South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Swati 210

South African 208-  ss_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Swati 210 A –74 South African 208-  ss_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Swati 210

South African 208-  ss_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Swati 210

South African 208-  ss_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Swati 210

South African 208-  st South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Sesotho 210

South African 208-  st South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Sesotho 210

South African 208-  st South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Sesotho 210

South African 208-  st South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Sesotho 210

South African 208-  st South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Sesotho 210

South African 208-  st South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Sesotho 210

South African 208-  st_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Sesotho 210

South African 208-  st_ZA South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Sesotho 210

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

South African 208-  st_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Sesotho 210

South African 208-  st_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Sesotho 210

South African 208-  st_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Sesotho 210

South African 208-  st_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Sesotho 210

South African 208-  tn South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-  tn South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-  tn South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-  tn South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-  tn South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-

A –75  tn South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-  tn_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-  tn_ZA South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-  tn_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-  tn_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-  tn_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-  tn_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tswana 210

South African 208-  ts South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Tsonga 210

South African 208-  ts South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tsonga 210

South African 208-  ts South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Tsonga 210

South African 208-  ts South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tsonga 210

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

South African 208-  ts South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Tsonga 210

South African 208-  ts South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tsonga 210

South African 208-  ts_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Tsonga 210

South African 208-  ts_ZA South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tsonga 210

South African 208-  ts_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Tsonga 210

South African 208-  ts_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tsonga 210

South African 208-  ts_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Tsonga 210

South African 208-  ts_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Tsonga 210 A –76 South African 208-  ve South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Venda 210

South African 208-  ve South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Venda 210

South African 208-  ve South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Venda 210

South African 208-  ve South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Venda 210

South African 208-  ve South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Venda 210

South African 208-  ve South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Venda 210

South African 208-  ve_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Venda 210

South African 208-  ve_ZA South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Venda 210

South African 208-  ve_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Venda 210

South African 208-  ve_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Venda 210

South African 208-  ve_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Venda 210

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

South African 208-  ve_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Venda 210

South African 208-  xh South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-  xh South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-  xh South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-  xh South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-  xh South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-  xh South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-  xh_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-  xh_ZA South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-

A –77  xh_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-  xh_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-  xh_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-  xh_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Xhosa 210

South African 208-  zu South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Zulu 210

South African 208-  zu South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Zulu 210

South African 208-  zu South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Zulu 210

South African 208-  zu South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Zulu 210

South African 208-  zu South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Zulu 210

South African 208-  zu South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Zulu 210

South African 208-  zu_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} [uSN}, {mFN1} 2 South Zulu 210

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

South African 208-  zu_ZA South Africa 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Zulu 210

South African 208-  zu_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 South Zulu 210

South African 208-  zu_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} [uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 South Zulu 210

South African 208-  zu_ZA South Africa 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} 2 South Zulu 210

South African 208-  zu_ZA South Africa 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} [uSN1} {mCT1} 2 South Zulu 210

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 213

 es Spain Spanish 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 25-26

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 213 A –78 211-  es Spain Spanish 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{FN1}{SN1} {uBN}, {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM}{CN} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mCN} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 2 1 5 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 213

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 213

 es Spain Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 25-26

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCT1} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 213

211-  es Spain Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 213

 es Spain Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26

 es Spain Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26

A –79  es Spain Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mGN} 1 25-26

 es Spain Spanish 1 1 2 1 5 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26

 es Spain Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mGN} 1 25-26

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 213

 es_ES Spain Spanish 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 25-26

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{FN1}{SN1} {uBN}, {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 213

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM}{CN} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 2 1 5 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 213

 es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 25-26 A –80 211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCT1} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 213

211-  es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 213

 es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26

 es_ES Spain Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26

 es_ES Spain Spanish 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mGN} 1 25-26

 es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 2 1 5 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26

 es_ES Spain Spanish 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mGN} 1 25-26

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 Sinhalese 220

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 2 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iSN2} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iSN2} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{HT} {iFN1}, {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iSN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 2 4 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iSN2} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iSN2} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iHT} {iFN1} {FN1}{HT} {iFN1}, {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iHT} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-

A –81  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iHT} {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 2 4 {iHT} {iSN1} {iFN1} {iSN2} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iSN2} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 2 3 {iFN1} {iSN1} {iSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {iSN2}, {iFN1} {iSN1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan  si Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iCN} {iFN1} {CN}{FN1} {iCN}, {iFN1} 1 52-53 Sinhalese

Sri Lankan  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iCN} {iFN1} {iSN1} {CN}{FN1}{SN1} {iSN1}, {iCN} {iFN1} 1 52-53 Sinhalese

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 2 4 {iCT1} {iSN1} {iFN1} {iSN2} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iSN2} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{HT}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iHT} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iSN1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 2 5 {iCT1} {iSN1} {iFN1} {iSN2} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{HT}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iSN2} {iHT} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si Sri Lanka 1 1 2 4 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {iSN2}, {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iCN} {iFN1} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCN}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 1 52-53 Sinhalese

Sri Lankan  si Sri Lanka 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iCN} {iFN1} {iSN1} {CN}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iCN} {iFN1} {iCT1} 1 52-53 Sinhalese

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 {iFN1} {FN1} {iFN1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 2 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iSN2} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iSN2} 2 Sinhalese 220 A –82 Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{HT} {iFN1}, {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iFN1} {iSN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 4 {iSN1} {iFN1} {iSN2} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iSN2} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iHT} {iFN1} {FN1}{HT} {iFN1}, {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iHT} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iHT} {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 4 {iHT} {iSN1} {iFN1} {iSN2} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{HT} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iSN2} {iHT} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 2 3 {iFN1} {iSN1} {iSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {iSN2}, {iFN1} {iSN1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iCN} {iFN1} {CN}{FN1} {iCN}, {iFN1} 1 52-53 Sinhalese

Sri Lankan  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iCN} {iFN1} {iSN1} {CN}{FN1}{SN1} {iSN1}, {iCN} {iFN1} 1 52-53 Sinhalese

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iSN1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 4 {iCT1} {iSN1} {iFN1} {iSN2} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iSN2} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{HT}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iHT} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iSN1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iHT} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 2 5 {iCT1} {iSN1} {iFN1} {iSN2} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{HT}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iSN2} {iHT} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 4 {iCT1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {iSN2}, {iFN1} {iSN1} {iCT1} 2 Sinhalese 220

Sri Lankan  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iCN} {iFN1} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {iCN}, {iFN1} {iCT1} 1 52-53 Sinhalese

Sri Lankan

A –83  si_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 1 4 {iCT1} {iCN} {iFN1} {iSN1} {CN}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {iSN1}, {iCN} {iFN1} {iCT1} 1 52-53 Sinhalese Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 2 3 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mSN2} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mHT} {FN1}{HT} {uFN1}, {mHT} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 3 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 2 4 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mSN2} {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mSN2} {mHT} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 2 {mHT} {mFN1} {FN1}{HT} {uFN1}, {mHT} 2 220 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 2 4 {mHT} {mSN1} {mFN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mSN2} {mHT} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mSN1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {CN}{FN1} {uCN}, {mFN1} 1 52-53 International Sri Lankan  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {CN}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN1}, {mCN} {mFN1} 1 52-53 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2

A –84 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mSN1} {mFN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mSN2} {mCT1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mHT} {FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uFN1}, {mHT} {mCT1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} {mCT1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mSN1} {mFN1} {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mHT} {mCT1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mSN1} {mFN1} {mSN2} {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{SN2}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mSN2} {mHT} {mCT1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mSN1} {mCT1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mCN} {mFN1} {CN}{FN1}{CT1} {uCN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 52-53 International Sri Lankan  si_LK Sri Lanka Sinhalese 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {CN}{FN1}{SN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCN} {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 52-53 International Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iPM1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1} {iFN1}, {iPM1} 2 Tamil 220

Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iPM1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {iSN1}, {iFN1} {iPM1} 2 Tamil 220

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iBN} {iFN1} {FN1}{BN} {iFN1}, {IBN} 2 Tamil 220

Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iCT1} {iPM1} {iFN1} {FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iPM1} {iCT1} 2 Tamil 220

Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iCT1} [iFN} {FN1}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iCT1} 2 Tamil 220

Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iCT1} 2 Tamil 220

Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 1 3 {iPM1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {iFN1}, {iPM1} {iCT1} 2 Tamil 220

Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iCN} {iFN1} {FN1}{CN} {iFN1}, {iCN} 2 Tamil 220

Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iCN} {FN1}{CN} {iFN1}, {iCN} 2 Tamil 220

Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka 1 1 2 {iFN1} {iPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {iFN1}, {iPM1} 2 Tamil 220 Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka Tamil 1 1 2 {mPM1} {mFN1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1}, {mPM1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-

A –85  ta_LK Sri Lanka Tamil 1 1 1 3 {mPM1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka Tamil 1 1 2 {mBN} {mFN1} {FN1}{BN} {uFN1}, {mBN} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka Tamil 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mPM1} {mFN1} {FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uFN1}, {mPM1} {mCT1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka Tamil 1 1 2 {mCT1} [mFN} {FN1}{CT1} {uFN1}, {mCT1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka Tamil 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mCT1} {FN1}{CT1} {uFN1}, {mCT1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka Tamil 1 1 1 3 {mPM1} {mFN1} {mCT1} {FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uFN1}, {mPM1} {mCT1} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka Tamil 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka Tamil 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mCN} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 220 International Sri Lankan 214-  ta_LK Sri Lanka Tamil 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1}, {mPM1} 2 220 International 221-  sv Sweden Swedish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 224

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

221-  sv Sweden Swedish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 224

221-  sv_SE Sweden Swedish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 224

221-  sv_SE Sweden Swedish 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 224

Swedish 221-  sme Sweden 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{PM1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} 2 Lappish 224

Swedish 221-  sme_SE Sweden 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{PM1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mPM1} {mFN1} 2 Lappish 224

 de_CH Switzerland Swiss German 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 75-78

 de_CH Switzerland Swiss German 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 75-78

 de_CH Switzerland Swiss German 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uPA1}{uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 75-78 A –86

 de_CH Switzerland Swiss German 1 2 1 1 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mBN} {SN1}{FN1}{BN} {uPA1}{uSN1} {uPA2} {uBN}, {mFN1} 2 75-78

 de_CH Switzerland Swiss German 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 75-78

 fr_CH Switzerland Swiss French 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 68-70

 fr_CH Switzerland Swiss French 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 68-70

112-  it_CH Switzerland Swiss Italian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 114

112-  it_CH Switzerland Swiss Italian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM} {uFN1} {uGN} 2 114

112-  it_CH Switzerland Swiss Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mGN}, {mHT} {FN1}{GM}{HT} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mHT} 2 114

112-  it_CH Switzerland Swiss Italian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 114

112-  it_CH Switzerland Swiss Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {uFN1}, {mHT} 2 114

112-  it_CH Switzerland Swiss Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 114

112-  it_CH Switzerland Swiss Italian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mCN} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCN} 2 114

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

A –87  ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_SY Syria Syrian Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Syrian Arabic  ar_SY Syria 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Chinese  zh_TW Taiwan 1 1 2 {iSN1}{iFN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 1 56-59 Taiwan

Chinese  zh_TW Taiwan 1 1 1 3 {iSN1}{iFN1}{iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1} {iCT1} 1 56-59 Taiwan

Chinese  zh_TW Taiwan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 56-59 International

Chinese  zh_TW Taiwan 1 1 1 3 {mSN1} {mFN1} {mCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 56-59 International A –88 227-  tg Tajikstan Tajik 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 228

227-  tg_TJ Tajikstan Tajik 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 228

229-  sw_TZ Tanzania Tanzanian 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 231

229-  sw_TZ Tanzania Tanzanian 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{SN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mSN1} 2 231

229-  sw_TZ Tanzania Tanzanian 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1}-{mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}-{uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 231

229-  sw_TZ Tanzania Tanzanian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uPM1} 2 231

229-  sw_TZ Tanzania Tanzanian 2 1 2 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {mPA2} {mPM2} {FN1}{PM1}{PM2} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uPM1} {uPA2} {uPM2} 2 231

Tanzanian 244-  en_TZ Tanzania 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Tanzanian 244-  en_TZ Tanzania 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Tanzanian 244-  en_TZ Tanzania 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Tanzanian 244-  en_TZ Tanzania 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Tanzanian 244-  en_TZ Tanzania 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Tanzanian 244-  en_TZ Tanzania 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Tanzanian 244-  en_TZ Tanzania 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Tanzanian 244-  en_TZ Tanzania 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Tanzanian 244-  en_TZ Tanzania 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

232-  th Thailand Thai 1 1 2 {iFN1}{iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 2 234

 th Thailand Thai 1 1 2 {iFN1}{iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 1 65

232-  th Thailand Thai 1 1 1 3 {iCT1}{iFN1}{iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1}, {iCT1} 2 234

 th Thailand Thai 1 1 1 3 {iCT1}{iFN1}{iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1}, {iCT1} 1 65

232-

A –89  th_TH Thailand Thai 1 1 2 {iFN1}{iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 2 234

 th_TH Thailand Thai 1 1 2 {iFN1}{iSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {iSN1}{iFN1} 1 65

232-  th_TH Thailand Thai 1 1 1 3 {iCT1}{iFN1}{iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1}, {iCT1} 2 234

 th_TH Thailand Thai 1 1 1 3 {iCT1}{iFN1}{iSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {iSN1}{iFN1}, {iCT1} 1 65

Thai 232-  th_TH Thailand 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 International 234

Thai  th_TH Thailand 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 65 International

Thai 232-  th_TH Thailand 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 International 234

Thai  th_TH Thailand 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 65 International

Trinidad and Trinidadian 244-  en_TT 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Tobago English 251

Trinidad and Trinidadian 244-  en_TT 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 Tobago English 251

Trinidad and Trinidadian 244-  en_TT 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 Tobago English 251

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Trinidad and Trinidadian 244-  en_TT 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 Tobago English 251

Trinidad and Trinidadian 244-  en_TT 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 Tobago English 251

Trinidad and Trinidadian 244-  en_TT 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 Tobago English 251

Trinidad and Trinidadian 244-  en_TT 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 Tobago English 251

Trinidad and Trinidadian 244-  en_TT 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 Tobago English 251

Trinidad and Trinidadian 244-  en_TT 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 Tobago English 251

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic A –90 Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Arabic

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Arabic Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Tunisian A –91  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International Tunisian  ar_TN Tunisia Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International 236-  tr Turkey Turkish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 237

 tr Turkey Turkish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 27-28

 tr Turkey Turkish 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 27-28

236-  tr_TK Turkey Turkish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 237

 tr_TK Turkey Turkish 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 27-28

 tr_TK Turkey Turkish 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 27-28

238-  tk Turkmenistan Turkmen 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 239

238-  tk_TM Turkmenistan Turkmen 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 239

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

240-  sw_UG Uganda Ugandan 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 241

Ugandan 244-  en_UG Uganda 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Ugandan 244-  en_UG Uganda 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Ugandan 244-  en_UG Uganda 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Ugandan 244-  en_UG Uganda 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Ugandan 244-  en_UG Uganda 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Ugandan 244-  en_UG Uganda 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Ugandan 244-  en_UG Uganda 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251 A –92 Ugandan 244-  en_UG Uganda 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Ugandan 244-  en_UG Uganda 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

242-  uk Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 243

 uk Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 29

 uk Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 29

242-  uk Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 243

 uk Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 1 29

 uk Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mCT1} 1 29

242-  uk_UA Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 243

 uk_UA Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 1 29

 uk_UA Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 29

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

242-  uk_UA Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 2 243

 uk_UA Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} 1 29

 uk_UA Ukraine Ukrainian 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPM1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{PM1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPM1} {mCT1} 1 29

United Arab  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab

A –93  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab  ar_AE Emirati Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36 Emirates

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 Emirates International

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 Emirates International

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 Emirates International

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 Emirates International

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 Emirates International

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 Emirates International

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 Emirates International

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 Emirates International

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 Emirates International

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 Emirates International

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 Emirates International

United Arab Emirati Arabic  ar_AE 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 Emirates International

United 244-  en_GB English 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Kingdom 251 A –94 United 244-  en_GB English 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 Kingdom 251

United 244-  en_GB English 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 Kingdom 251

United 244-  en_GB English 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 Kingdom 251

United 244-  en_GB English 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 Kingdom 251

United 244-  en_GB English 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 Kingdom 251

United 244-  en_GB English 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 Kingdom 251

United 244-  en_GB English 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 Kingdom 251

United 244-  en_GB English 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 Kingdom 251

United 244-  cy Welsh 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 Kingdom 251

United 244-  cy Welsh 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uPM1} 2 Kingdom 251

United 244-  cy_GB Welsh 1 1 {mFN1} {FN1} {uFN1} 2 Kingdom 251

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

United 244-  cy_GB Welsh 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mPM1} {FN1}{PM1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uPM1} 2 Kingdom 251

United States North 244-  en_US 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 of America American 251

United States North  en_US 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {GM} {SN1}{FN1}{GM} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {GM} Self of America American

United States North 244-  en_US 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 of America American 251

United States North 244-  en_US 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{CT1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 of America American 251

United States North  en_US 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {GM} {SN1}{FN1}{GM}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {GM} {mCT1} Self of America American

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan  es_UY Uraguay 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 25-26 Spanish

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-

A –95  es_UY Uraguay 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{FN1}{SN1} {uBN}, {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM}{CN} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 2 1 5 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 25-26 Spanish

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan 211-  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Uraguayan  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Uraguayan  es_UY Uraguay 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish A –96 Uraguayan  es_UY Uraguay 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Uraguayan  es_UY Uraguay 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Uraguayan  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 2 1 5 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Uraguayan  es_UY Uraguay 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

255-  uz Uzbekistan Uzbek 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 256

255-  uz_UZ Uzbekistan Uzbek 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 256

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan  es_VE Venezuela 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 1 25-26 Spanish

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 2 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 2 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} 2 Spanish 213

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{FN1}{SN1} {uBN}, {mFN1} {mSN1}, {mHT} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 2 {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mGN} {FN1}{GM}{CN} {uFN1} {uGN}, {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 2 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 2 1 5 {mCN} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 1 1 4 {mCN} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCN} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-

A –97  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 1 25-26 Spanish

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 2 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 1 2 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan 211-  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} 2 Spanish 213

Venezuelan  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 1 3 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Venezuelan  es_VE Venezuela 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Venezuelan  es_VE Venezuela 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {uSN2} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

Venezuelan  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 2 1 5 {mFN1} {mSN1} {mPA1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Venezuelan  es_VE Venezuela 1 1 1 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mGN} 1 25-26 Spanish

259-  vi Vietnam Vietnamese 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {FN1}{SN1} {uFN1} ({mSN1}) 2 261

259-  vi Vietnam Vietnamese 1 1 1 3 {mSN1} {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN}{SN1} {uFN1} ({mCN} {mSN1}) 2 261

259-  vi Vietnam Vietnamese 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 261

259-  vi Vietnam Vietnamese 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mSN1} {mFN1} {FN1}{SN1} {uFN1} ({mSN1}) 2 261

259-  vi Vietnam Vietnamese 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mSN1} {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN}{SN1} {uFN1} ({mCN} {mSN1}) 2 261

259-  vi_VN Vietnam Vietnamese 1 1 2 {mSN1} {mFN1} {FN1}{SN1} {uFN1} ({mSN1}) 2 261

259-  vi_VN Vietnam Vietnamese 1 1 1 3 {mSN1} {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN}{SN1} {uFN1} ({mCN} {mSN1}) 2 261 A –98 259-  vi_VN Vietnam Vietnamese 1 1 1 3 {mCN} {mSN1} {mFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CN} {uSN1} {uFN1}, {mCN} 2 261

259-  vi_VN Vietnam Vietnamese 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mSN1} {mFN1} {FN1}{SN1} {uFN1} ({mSN1}) 2 261

259-  vi_VN Vietnam Vietnamese 1 1 1 1 4 {mCT1} {mSN1} {mCN} {mFN1} {FN1}{CN}{SN1} {uFN1} ({mCN} {mSN1}) 2 261

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 3 3 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 2 1 3 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 2 3 5 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 1 3 4 {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 1 2 1 4 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 1 2 3 6 {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ,{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} 1 33-36

 ar_YE Yemen Yemeni Arabic 1 1 2 1 5 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ,{iSN1} 1 33-36

Yemeni Arabic  ar_YE Yemen 3 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Yemeni Arabic  ar_YE Yemen 2 1 3 {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Yemeni Arabic  ar_YE Yemen 1 3 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Yemeni Arabic  ar_YE Yemen 1 2 1 4 {mHT} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Yemeni Arabic  ar_YE Yemen 2 3 5 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3} 1 33-36 International

Yemeni Arabic

A –99  ar_YE Yemen 1 2 1 4 {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} 1 33-36 International

Yemeni Arabic  ar_YE Yemen 1 2 3 6 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Yemeni Arabic  ar_YE Yemen 1 1 2 1 5 {mHT} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mHT} 1 33-36 International

Yemeni Arabic  ar_YE Yemen 1 3 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uFN2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Yemeni Arabic  ar_YE Yemen 1 2 1 4 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Yemeni Arabic  ar_YE Yemen 1 2 3 6 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mPA2} {mFN3} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {uFN1} {uPA1} {uFN2} {uPA2} {uFN3}, {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Yemeni Arabic  ar_YE Yemen 1 1 2 1 5 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN2} {mCT1} 1 33-36 International

Zimbabwean 244-  en_ZM Zambia 1 1 2 {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} 2 English 251

Zimbabwean 244-  en_ZM Zambia 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Zimbabwean 244-  en_ZM Zambia 1 1 1 3 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mCT1} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Zimbabwean 244-  en_ZM Zambia 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

LDML BCP47 Country Culture DA HT CT NN BN PA FN PM SN CN GM Σ Natural Order Sort Order List Order Ref Page

Zimbabwean 244-  en_ZM Zambia 1 1 1 3 {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} 2 English 251

Zimbabwean 244-  en_ZM Zambia 1 1 1 1 4 {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} 2 English 251

Zimbabwean 244-  en_ZM Zambia 1 1 1 1 4 {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Zimbabwean 244-  en_ZM Zambia 1 1 2 {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} 2 English 251

Zimbabwean 244-  en_ZM Zambia 1 1 1 1 1 5 {mDA} {mHT} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT1} 2 English 251

Maximum Number of Parts 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 3 2 1 1 7

Minimum Number of Parts 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

A –100

Appendix B – Document Type Definition Filename: ldmlAnthroponyms.dtd

B –1

Appendix C – Sample Locale Data Mark-up Language Data File Filename: ar.xml

Definite Article Honorific Title First Common Title Second Common Title Nickname By-name First Particle C –1 Second Particle First Forename Second Forename Third Forename First (P|M)atronymic Second (P|M)atronymic Third (P|M)atronymic First Surname Second Surname Community Name Generational Marker {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1}

{iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ،{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} C –2 {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{HT} {iHT} ،{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iHT} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{HT} {iHT} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} {iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ،{iFN3} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iFN2} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iFN1} ،{iSN1} {iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1}

{FN1}{FN2}{FN3}{CT1} {iCT1} ،{iFN3} {iPA2} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iSN1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} {iCT1} {SN1}{FN1}{FN2}{CT1} {iCT1} {iFN2} {iPA1} {iFN1} ،{iSN1}

Filename: en-GB.xml

C –3 Definite Article Honorific Title First Common Title Second Common Title Nickname By-name First Particle Second Particle First Forename Second Forename Third Forename First (P|M)atronymic Second (P|M)atronymic Third (P|M)atronymic First Surname Second Surname Community Name Generational Marker {FN1} {SN1}

{SN1}{mFN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mCT} {mCT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT} {uSN1}, {mCT} {mFN1} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} C –4 {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mFN1} {mDA} {mHT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT} {mHT} {mCT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT} {uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mHT}, {mCT} {mHT} {mSN1} {SN1}{HT} {uSN1}, {mHT} {mDA} {mHT} {mCT} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{HT}{CT}

{uSN1}, {mFN1}, {mDA} {mHT}, {mCT} Honourable Venerable Most Honourable Most Venerable Mr Mrs Miss Dr Baroness Capt Cdr Chief Col Dame Det Chief Insp Earl Father C –5 Gen King Lt-Col Lady Lord Lt-Gen Madame Mother Mme PC Prince Prof Queen Sgt Sir Supt Viscount Wing Cdr Snr senior

Jnr junior II III IV

Filename: pt.xml

C –6 Definite Article Honorific Title First Common Title Second Common Title Nickname By-name First Particle Second Particle First Forename Second Forename Third Forename First (P|M)atronymic Second (P|M)atronymic Third (P|M)atronymic First Surname Second Surname Community Name Generational Marker {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}

{uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mFN1} {mSN1} e {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} E {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} C –7 {SN1}{FN1} {uSN1} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT} {uBN}, {mHT} {mGN} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT} {uBN}, {mGA} {mHT}

{mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1}, {mFN1} {mCT1} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} e {mSN2} {SN1}{SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} E {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mCT1} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} C –8 {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mGN} {SN1}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mSN1} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mCT1} {mCT1} {mFN1} {mPA1} {mSN1} {mPA2} {mSN2} {mGN} {SN2}{FN1}{CT1} {uSN1} {uPA2} {uSN2} {uGN}, {mFN1} {mPA1} {mCT1} {mCT1} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT}{CT1} {uBN}, {mHT} {mCT1} {mGN} {mHT} {mBN} {BN}{HT}{CT1} {uBN}, {mGA} {mHT}

Señor Senhor Señora Senhora Júnior Filho Filha Neto Neta Sobrinho Sobrinho Neto Bisneto

C –9