File No. 35423 in the Supreme Court of Canada (On Appeal from the Court of Appeal of Saskatchewan)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

File No. 35423 in the Supreme Court of Canada (On Appeal from the Court of Appeal of Saskatchewan) FILE NO. 35423 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF CANADA (ON APPEAL FROM THE COURT OF APPEAL OF SASKATCHEWAN) BETWEEN: THE SASKATCHEWAN FEDERATION OF LABOUR (IN ITS OWN RIGHT AND ON BEHALF OF THE UNIONS AND WORKERS IN THE PROVINCE OF SASKATCHEWAN); AMALGAMATED TRANSIT UNION, LOCAL 588; CANADIAN OFFICE AND PROFESSIONAL EMPLOYEES' UNION, LOCAL 397; CANADIAN UNION OF PUBLIC EMPLOYEES, LOCALS 7 AND 4828; COMMUNICATIONS, ENERGY AND PAPERWORKERS' UNION OF CANADA AND ITS LOCALS; HEALTH SCIENCES ASSOCIATION OF SASKATCHEWAN; INTERNATIONAL ALLIANCE OF THEATRICAL STAGE EMPLOYEES, MOVING PICTURE TECHNICIANS, ARTISTS AND ALLIED CRAFTS OF U.S., ITS TERRITORIES AND CANADA AND ITS LOCALS 295, 300, AND 660; INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS, LOCAL 2067; SASKATCHEWAN GOVERNMENT AND GENERAL EMPLOYEES' UNION; SASKATCHEW AN JOINT BOARD, RETAIL, WHOLESALE AND DEPARTMENT STORE UNION; SAKSATCHEWAN PROVINCIAL BUILDING & CONSTRUCTION TRADES COUNCIL, TEAMSTERS, LOCAL 395; UNITED MINEWORKERS OF AMERICA, LOCAL 7606; UNITED STEEL, PAPER FORESTRY, RUBBER MANUFACTURING, ENERGY, ALLIED INDUSTRIAL AND SERVICE WORKERS INTERNATIONAL UNION AND ITS LOCALS; and UNIVERSITY OF REGINA FACULTY ASSOCIATION APPELLANTS (RESPONDENTS / APPELLANTS BY CROSS-APPEAL) AND: HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN, IN RIGHT OF THE PROVINCE OF SASKATCHEWAN RESPONDENT (APPELLANT / RESPONDENT BY CROSS APPEAL) (Style of Cause continues inside cover pages) FACTUM OF THE INTERVENER, ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR (pursuant to Rule 42 of the Rules o/the Supreme Court o.fCanada) - 2 - ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA INTERVENER (Intervener) AND: ATTORNEY GENERAL OF ONTARIO; ATTORNEY GENERAL OF QUEBEC; ATTORNEY GENERAL OF BRITISH COLUMBIA; ATTORNEY GENERAL OF ALBERTA; ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR; SASKATCHEWAN UNION OF NURSES, SEW-WEST, UNITED NURSES OF ALBERTA, ALBERTA FEDERATION OF LABOUR, PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTE OF THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF CANADA, CANADIAN CONSTITUTION FOUNDATION, AIR CANADA PILOTS' ASSOCIATION, BRITISH COLUMBIA CIVIL LIBERTIES ASSOCIATION, CONSEIL DU PATRONAT DU QUEBEC, CANADIAN EMPLOYERS COUNCIL, CANADIAN UNION OF POSTAL WORKERS AND INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MACHINISTS AND AEROSPACE WORKERS, BRITISH COLUMBIA TEACHERS' FEDERATION AND HOSPITAL EMPLOYEES' UNION, CANADIAN LABOUR CONGRESS, PUBLIC SERVICE ALLIANCE OF CANADA, ALBERT UNION OF PROVINCIAL EMPLOYEES, CONFEDERATION DES SYNDICATS NATIONAUX, REGINA QU'APPELLE REGIONAL HEALTH AUTHORITY, CYPRESS REGIONAL HEALTH AUTHORITY, FIVE HILLS REGIONAL HEALTH AUTHORITY, HEARTLAND REGIONAL HEALTH AUTHORITY, SUNRISE REGIONAL HEALTH AUTHORITY, PRINCE ALBERT PARKLAND REGIONAL HEALTH AUTHORITY, SASKATOON REGIONAL HEALTH AUTHORITY, AND NATIONAL UNION OF PUBLIC AND GENERAL EMPLOYEES, CANADA POST CORPORATION AND AIR CANADA INTERVENERS (Interveners) ATTORNEY GENERAL OF BURKE-ROBERTSON NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR 441 MacLaren Street 4th Floor, East Block Confederation Bldg. Suite 200 P.O. Box 8700, Stn. A OTTA WA, ON K2P 2H3 ST. JOHN'S, NL AlB 4J6 Robert E. Houston, Q.c. Chantelle MacDonald Newhook Tel: (613) 236-9665 Tel: (709) 729-4053 Fax: (613) 235-4430 Fax: (709) 729-2129 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Counsel for the Attorney General of Agent for the Attorney General of Newfoundland and Labrador Newfoundland and Labrador - 3 - Attorney General for Saskatchewan Gowling, Lafleur, Henderson LLP Constitutional Law Branch 2600 - 160 Elgin Street 820 - 1874 Scarth Street OTTAWA, ON KIP IC3 REGINA, SK S4P 4B3 D. Lynne Watt Graeme G. Mitchell, Q.C. Tel: (613) 786-8695 Tel: (306) 787-8385 Fax: (613) 788-3509 Fax: (306) 787-9111 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Counsel for the Respondent Ottawa Agent for the Respondent Attorney General for Saskatchewan Attorney General for Saskatchewan Victory Sqnare Law Office LLP Sack Goldblatt Mitchell LLP 500 - 128 West Pender Street 500 - 30 rue Metcalfe Street VANCOUVER, BC V6B IRZ OTTAWA, ON KIP 5L4 Craig Bavis Colleen Bauman Rick Engel, Q.C. Tel: (613) 235-5327 Peter Barnacle Fax: (613) 235-3041 Email: [email protected] Tel: (604) 684-8421 Fax: (604) 684-8427 Agent for the Appellants Email: [email protected] (Respondents!Appellants by Cross-Appeal) Counsel for the Appellants (Respondents!Appellants by Cross-Appeal) Saskatchewan Federation of Labour et al. Attorney General of Canada Attorney General of Canada 123 - 2nd Avenue South 50 O'Connor Street, Suite 50, Room 557 10th Floor OTTAWA, ON KIA 5L4 SASKATOON, SK S7K 7E6 Mark R. Kindrachuk, Q.c. Christopher M. Rupar Tel: (306) 975-4765 Tel: (613) 670-6290 Fax: (306) 975-6240 Fax: (613) 954-1920 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Counsel for the Attorney General of Canada Agent for the Attorney General of Canada -4- Attorney General of Ontario Burke-Robertson 720 Bay Street 441 MacLaren Street 4th Floor Suite 200 TORONTO,ON M5G2Kl OTT AW A, ON K2P 2H3 Robert Earl Charney Robert E. Houston, Q.C. Tel: (4 I 6) 326-4452 Tel: (613) 236-9665 Fax: (416) 326-4015 Fax: (613) 235-4430 Email: [email protected] Counsel for the Attorney General of Ontario Agent for the Attorney General of Ontario Procurenr general du Quebec Noel et Associl\s 1200 route de I'Eglise, 2e etage Ill, rue Champlain QUEBEC, QC GlV 4Ml GATINEAU, QC J8X 3RI Caroline Renaud Pierre Landry Tel: (418) 643-1477, ex. 20780 Tel: (819) 771-7393 Fax: (418) 644-7030 Fax: (819) 771-5397 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Counsel for the Attorney General of Quebec Agent for the Attorney General of Quebec Attorney General of British Columbia Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP 1301 - 865 Hornby Street 2600 - 160 Elgin Street VANCOUVER, BC V6Z 2G3 Box 466, Station D OTTAWA, ON KIP lC3 Karen A. Horsman Tel: (604) 660-3093 Brian A. Crane, Q.c. Fax: (604) 660-3833 Tel: (613) 233-1781 Fax: (613) 563-9869 Counsel for the Attorney General of British Email: [email protected] Columbia Agent for the Attorney General of British Columbia Attorney General of Alberta 9833 - 109 Street Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP Bowker Building, 4th Floor 2600 - 160 Elgin Street EDMONTON, AB T5K 2E8 OTTAWA, ON KIP lC3 Roderick Wiltshire D. Lynne Watt Tel: (780) 422-7145 Tel: (613) 786-8695 Fax: (780) 425-0307 Fax: (613) 788-3509 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Counsel for the Attorney General of Alberta Agent for the Attorney General of Alberta - 5 - Bainbridge Jodouin Cheecham Supreme Advocacy LLP 401-261 First Avenue North 100 - 340 Gilmour Street SASKATOON, SK S7K lX2 OTTAWA, ON K2P OR3 Gary Bainbridge Marie-France Major Marcus R. Davies Tel: (613) 695-8855 Ext: 102 Tel: (306) 664-2468 Fax: (613) 695-8580 Fax: (306) 654-2469 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Agent for the Saskatchewan Union of Counsel for Saskatchewan Union of Nurses Nurses Plaxton & Company Sack Goldblatt Mitchell LLP 500,402 - 21 st Street East 500 - 30 Metcalfe Street SASKATOON, SK S7K OC3 OTTAWA, ON KIP 5L4 Drew S. Plaxton Colleen Bauman Heather M. Jensen Tel: (613) 235-5327 Tel: (306) 653-1500 Fax: (613) 235-3041 Fax: (306) 664-6659 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Agent for SEIU - West Counsel for SEIU-West Chivers Carpenter Sack Goldblatt Mitchell LLP #101,10426 - 81 Avenue 500 - 30 Metcalfe Street EDMONTON, AB T6E lX5 OTTAWA, ON KIP 5L4 Ritu Khullar Colleen Bauman Vanessa Cosco Tel: (613) 235-5327 Tel: (780) 439-3611 Fax: (613) 235-3041 Fax: (780) 439-8543 Email: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Counsel for the United Nurses of Alberta Agent for the United Nurses of Alberta - 6 - Chivers Carpenter Sack Goldblatt Mitchell LLP #101, 10426 - 81 Avenue 500 - 30 Metcalfe Street EDMONTON, AB T6E IX5 OTTAWA, ON KIP 5L4 Ritn Khnllar Colleen Bauman Tel: (780) 439-3611 Tel: (613) 235-5327 Fax: (780) 439-8543 Fax: (613) 235-3041 E-mail: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Counsel for the Alberta Federation of Agent for the Alberta Federation of Labour Labour Sack Goldblatt Mitchell LLP Sack Goldblatt Mitchell LLP 500- 30 Metcalfe Street 500 - 30 Metcalfe Street OTTA W A, ON KIP 5L4 OTTAWA, ON KIP 5L4 Peter C. Engelmann Colleen Bauman Tel: (613) 482-2452 Tel: (613) 235-5327 Fax: (613) 235-3041 Fax: (613) 235-3041 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Counsel for the Professional Institute of the Agent for the Professional Institute of the Public Service of Canada Public Service of Canada McCarthy Tetrault LLP GowJing Lafleur Henderson LLP Box 48,5300 - 66 Wellingston St. W. 2600 - 160 Elgin Street Toronto Dominion Bank Tower OTTAWA, ON KIP IC3 TORONTO,ON M5KIE6 D. Lynne Watt Nell Finkelstein Tel: (613) 786-8695 Darryl Cruz Fax: (613) 788-3509 Brandon Kain Email: [email protected] Ronald PodoIny SunllKapur Agent for the Canadian Constitution Tel: (416) 362-1812 Foundation Fax: (416) 868-0673 Counsel for the Canadian Constitution Foundation -7- Nelligan O'Brien Payne LLP 1900 - 66 Slater Street OTTAWA, ON KIP 5H1 Steve Waller Christopher Rootham Tel: (613) 231- 8248 Fax: (613) 788 - 3664 Email: [email protected] Counsel for Air Canada Pilots' Association Counsel Moore, Edgar, Lyster Supreme Law Group 195 Alexander Street 900 275 Slater Street 3rd Floor OTTAWA, ON KIP 5H9 VANCOUVER, BC V6A IN8 Moira Dillon Lindsay M. Lyster Tel: (613) 691-1224 Tel: (604) 689-4457 Fax: (613) 691-1338 Fax: (604) 689-4467 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Agent for the British Columbia Civil Counsel for the British Columbia Civil Liberties Association Liberties Association Norton Rose Fulbright Canada LLP I, Place Ville Marie Bureau 2500 MONTREAL, QC H3B IRI Louise Laplante Nancy Menard-Cheng Sebastien Beauregard Tel: (514) 847-4747 Fax: (514) 286-5474 Email:[email protected] Counsel for Counseil du patronat du Quebec - 8 - Fasken Martineau DuMoulin LLP Fasken Martineau DuMoulin LLP 333 Bay Street, Suite 2400 55 Metcalfe Street, Suite 1300 Bay Adelaide Centre, Box 20 OTTAWA, ON KIP 6L5 TORONTO,ON M5H2T6 Yael Wexler John D.
Recommended publications
  • News Release
    NEWS RELEASE Facing a near $1.0 billion budget deficit, Newfoundland and Labrador can learn from successful Saskatchewan reforms June 24, 2021 For immediate release ST. JOHN’S—When considering ways to recover from its current fiscal crisis, including a huge provincial deficit and the highest debt level of any province, the Newfoundland and Labrador government can heed lessons from Saskatchewan, which faced a similar crisis in the 1990s, finds a new study released today by the Fraser Institute, an independent, non-partisan, Canadian public policy think-tank. “The fiscal situation in Newfoundland and Labrador requires spending reductions to reduce the province’s dauting budget deficit,” said Alex Whalen, policy analyst at the Fraser Institute and co-author of Fiscal lessons for Atlantic Canada from Saskatchewan. Newfoundland and Labrador added almost $2 billion in provincial government debt last year, which is already the highest in Canada (on a per-person basis). While COVID added to the challenges, the province’s fiscal issues long-predate the pandemic. The study highlights how Saskatchewan overcame similar issues – including deficit- financed spending, mounting debt and rising interest costs – in a short period of time. Specifically, Saskatchewan cut spending by almost 12 per cent over two years, in part by eliminating inefficient and unaffordable government programs, and balanced the budget in three years. “Saskatchewan faced similar challenges, but through spending and tax reforms, turned around their fiscal ship,” said Steve Lafleur, senior policy analyst at the Fraser Institute and study co-author. (30) MEDIA CONTACT: Alex Whalen, Policy Analyst Fraser Institute Steve Lafleur, Senior Policy Analyst Fraser Institute To arrange media interviews or for more information, please contact: Drue MacPherson, Fraser Institute (604) 688-0221 ext.
    [Show full text]
  • Saskatchewan Bound: Migration to a New Canadian Frontier
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Great Plains Quarterly Great Plains Studies, Center for 1992 Saskatchewan Bound: Migration to a New Canadian Frontier Randy William Widds University of Regina Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsquarterly Part of the Other International and Area Studies Commons Widds, Randy William, "Saskatchewan Bound: Migration to a New Canadian Frontier" (1992). Great Plains Quarterly. 649. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsquarterly/649 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Great Plains Studies, Center for at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Plains Quarterly by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. SASKATCHEWAN BOUND MIGRATION TO A NEW CANADIAN FRONTIER RANDY WILLIAM WIDDIS Almost forty years ago, Roland Berthoff used Europeans resident in the United States. Yet the published census to construct a map of En­ despite these numbers, there has been little de­ glish Canadian settlement in the United States tailed examination of this and other intracon­ for the year 1900 (Map 1).1 Migration among tinental movements, as scholars have been this group was generally short distance in na­ frustrated by their inability to operate beyond ture, yet a closer examination of Berthoff's map the narrowly defined geographical and temporal reveals that considerable numbers of migrants boundaries determined by sources
    [Show full text]
  • Williston Basin Architecture and Hydrocarbon Potential in Eastern Saskatchewan and Western Manitoba
    Williston Basin Architecture and Hydrocarbon Potential in Eastern Saskatchewan and Western Manitoba Kim Kreis, Benoit Beauchamp 1, Ruth Bezys 2 Carol Martiniuk 3, and Steve Whittaker Kreis, L.K., Beauchamp, B., Bezys, R., Martiniuk, C., and Whittaker, S. (2004): Williston Basin architecture and hydrocarbon potential in eastern Saskatchewan and western Manitoba; in Summary of Investigations 2004, Volume 1, Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Sask. Industry Resources, Misc. Rep. 2004-4.1, CD-ROM, Paper A-3, 5p. Abstract The stratigraphic framework and hydrocarbon potential of the Williston Basin are currently being investigated in eastern Saskatchewan and western Manitoba. The Williston Basin Architecture and Hydrocarbon Potential Project (Phase 1) is a two-year collaborative program involving: Saskatchewan Industry and Resources; Manitoba Industry, Economic Development and Mines; and Natural Resources Canada. Regional geological, hydrogeological, geophysical, and remotely sensed imagery analyses are being performed on Phanerozoic-aged rocks from the top of the Precambrian basement to uppermost Cretaceous. Consultants and researchers from federal and provincial governments, and universities are involved in this regional study, the results of which are expected to enhance our knowledge of subsurface mineral potential (e.g., of brines and potash) and hydrocarbon- migration paths and entrapment mechanisms within and beyond areas of known production. Keywords: Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Williston Basin, hydrocarbons, oil, Phanerozoic, stratigraphy, geophysics, geochemistry, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Targeted Geoscience Initiative (TGI). 1. Introduction Steadily increasing demand for hydrocarbons by the North American economy is widening the gap between supply and demand. Geoscience knowledge is an essential component of hydrocarbon- and mineral-exploration strategies. Over the past several decades, however, both industry and governments in Canada have generally reduced funding for geoscience investigations.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Resistance to the Fossil Fuel Industry in the Pacific Northwest
    Native Challenges to Fossil Fuel Industry Shipping at Pacific Northwest Ports Dr. Zoltán Grossman Professor of Geography and Native Studies, The Evergreen State College, Olympia, Washington In recent years, the Pacific Northwest has become a region on the cutting edge of curbing carbon emissions. But any efforts to mitigate greenhouse gasses, adapt to climate change, or switch to renewable energies will become moot if the fossil fuel industry continues to expand in Alberta, the Great Plains, and beyond. Despite the enormous scale and reach of energy corporations, their top-heavy operations are actually quite vulnerable to social movements who creatively use spatial strategies and tactics. The climate justice movement has identified the Achilles heel of the energy industry: shipping. The industry needs to ship equipment from ports into its oil, gas, and coal fields, and to ship the fossil fuels via rail, barge, and pipeline to coastal ports for access to the U.S. market and shipment to global markets, particularly in Asia. The three growing fossil fuel sources in North America are in the middle of the continent: the Alberta Tar Sands, the Powder River Coal Basin, and more recently the Bakken Oil Shale Basin. Every step of the way, new alliances of environmental and climate justice activists, farmers and ranchers, and Native peoples are blocking plans to ship carbon and the technology to extract it. All three of these sources need outlets via ports in the Pacific Northwest states of Washington and Oregon. My presentation will focus on the role of Northwest ports in fossil fuel shipping and equipment networks, and the Native/non-Native alliances that are confronting them.
    [Show full text]
  • Welcome to Alberta: a Consumer Guide for Newcomers 1 SHOPPING in ALBERTA
    Welcome to Alberta: A Consumer’s Guide for Newcomers Table of Contents 1 GENERAL CONSUMER PROTECTIONS: RULES THAT PROTECT YOU WHEN SHOPPING . 1 SHOPPING IN ALBERTA .......................................................................................................................2 GENERAL SHOPPING INFORMATION ................................................................................................2 PRICES AND TAXES .............................................................................................................................3 SHOPPING ON THE INTERNET ...........................................................................................................4 DOOR-TO-DOOR SALES......................................................................................................................5 COMPLAINTS ........................................................................................................................................6 BUILD YOUR BUYING SKILLS .............................................................................................................7 2 FINDING A PLACE TO LIVE . 7 ARE THERE ANY LAWS IN CANADA ABOUT HOUSING? ..................................................................7 BUYING A HOME ................................................................................................................................11 TELEPHONE SERVICES ....................................................................................................................12 TELEVISION SERVICES .....................................................................................................................15
    [Show full text]
  • Print PDF and Play!
    Match each image with the right Guess where? province or territory on the map. 7 1 8 10 Yukon 9 2 11 Nunavut Northwest Territories Newfoundland and Labrador 3 Alberta 12 British Columbia Manitoba Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan Nova Scotia Ontario 5 New Brunswick 4 13 6 Did you know that Library and Archives Canada has over 30 million photographs in its collection? Check out the website at bac-lac.gc.ca. You can use images from our collection in your own projects (subject to copyright). Answer key: 1. Quebec; 2. New Brunswick; 3. Ontario; 4. Manitoba; 5. Northwest Territories; 6. British Columbia; 7. Prince Edward Island; 8. Nova Scotia; 9. Alberta; 10. Saskatchewan; 11. Newfoundland and Labrador; 12. Nunavut; 13. Yukon; All of the images are from the Library and Archives Canada collection. Here are the titles and reference numbers of the original photographs: 1. Quebec. “Percé Rock from South Beach.” Percé Rock, Quebec, 1916. Reference no. a011350. 2. New Brunswick. “Rocks at Hopewell, N.B.” Hopewell, New Brunswick, no date. Reference no. a021073. 3. Ontario. “Canadian Falls, Niagara Falls.” Niagara Falls, Ontario, ca. 1870-1873. Reference no. a031559. 4. Manitoba. “Canadian National Railways station and yards, Winnipeg, Manitoba.” Winnipeg, Manitoba, no date. Reference no. a047871-v8. 5. Northwest Territories. “Dog teams carrying mail.” Mackenzie River, Northwest Territories, 1923. Reference no. a059980-v8. 6. British Columbia. “First through train between Montreal and coast, [B.C.].” British Columbia, 1886. Reference no. a066579. 7. Prince Edward Island. “On the shore near Cavendish, Prince Edward Island National Park, P.E.I.” Near Cavendish, Prince Edward Island, 1953.
    [Show full text]
  • Indigenous Women from Alberta You Should Know About
    Edmonton Vital Signs is an annual checkup conducted by Indigenous Edmonton Community Foundation, in partnership with Edmonton Social Planning Council, to measure how the community is doing. Vital Topics are a quick look at a single issue and are timely and important to Edmonton. W MEN Unless otherwise stated, “Edmonton” refers to Census Metropolitan Area and not solely the City of Edmonton. in ALBERTA The Indigenous population in Alberta is INCREASING1.5 X MORE QUICKLY than the rest of the population. MEDIAN AGE of women • If thIs rate contInues THE POPULATION WILL 36.8 DOUBLE BY 2038 .2% .7% non-IndIgenous 53 43 • IndIgenous women ARE FIRST NATION ARE MÉTIS COMPRISE 6.7% OF THE 28.0 FEMALE POPULATION IndIgenous .9% 48.2% 18 HAVE REGISTERED LIVE ON RESERVE OR TREATY STATUS 10.3% HAVE AN INDIGENOUS MOTHER TONGUE Did you know? Canada still discriminates on the basis of sex when it comes to the Indian Act. Early in 2019 the United Nations called on Canada to remove the sections that do not give First Nations women the same rights as First Nations men. While consultations have begun with the First Nations, the UN says there needs to be an end date. CONTEXTUAL TERMS For the purpose of this report, references to “Indigenous” people should be understood as including First Nations, Métis and Inuit, non-status and status, on and off-reserve, recognizing that the term refers to distinct people, cultures and each with their own histories. In some cases where the research uses the word “Aboriginal,” we have chosen to substitute “Indigenous.” Resilience is a dynamic process of social/psychological adaptation and Intergenerational trauma is the transmission of historical oppression and transformation that occurs in individuals, families, communities or larger its negative consequences across generations.
    [Show full text]
  • Actionalberta 81 HOW ALBERTA PAYS QUEBECS BILLS
    From: Action Alberta [email protected] Subject: ActionAlberta #81 - HOW ALBERTA PAYS QUEBEC'S BILLS! Date: November 16, 2019 at 7:17 PM To: Q.C. Alta.) [email protected] ACTION ALBERTA WEBSITE: Click here TWITTER: Click here FACEBOOK: Click here HELLO ALL (The Group of now 10,000+ and growing): HOW ALBERTA PAYS QUEBEC'S BILLS: FOUR CHARTS THAT SHOW HOW ALBERTA PAYS QUEBEC'S BILLS: FOUR CHARTS THAT SHOW ALBERTA PICKS UP THE TAB! We (at Action Alberta) just attended a great weekend conference in Red Deer hosted by the Economic Education Association of Alberta. This year's topic was Alberta separation/independence with both sides very well represented. There were 20 excellent speakers and the conference was a huge success. Click here While we were there, the following article by Diane Francis was released in the National Post. This article says it all!! The nearly $240 Billions that Albertans have paid out as part of net federal fiscal transfers ("equalization") during the past eleven years is more than one-and-a-half times as much as B.C. and Ontario have contributed combined. Click here In this article and you will see four charts which amply explain why Albertans are so "pissed" and why separation/independence is the big topic of conversation all over Alberta! THIS IS REAL! Of all of the information discussed this weekend in Red Deer, a key point that was repeated over and over again was that the Alberta government MUST NOT take the separation/independence card off the table when it approaches the federal government and the other provinces to try to renegotiate the terms of our broken confederation.
    [Show full text]
  • Reptiles of Alberta
    of Alberta 2 Alberta Conservation Association - Reptiles of Alberta How Can I Help Alberta’s Reptiles? Like many other wildlife species, Alberta’s reptiles struggle to adapt to human impacts on the habitats and ecosystems in which they depend. The destruction and exploitation of natural habitats is causing reptiles to become rare or to disappear from many areas. Chemicals and poisons introduced into their ecosystems harms them directly or indirectly by affecting their food supply. Development and urbanization not only contribute to an increase in road mortality, pollution, and loss of habitat, but also human-snake conflicts that often end unjustly with the demise of snakes. The key to preserving Alberta’s reptiles is to conserve the places where they live. Actively managing the health and function of ecosystems, preserving native habitats, and avoiding the use of pesticides and other harmful chemicals can result in wide-ranging benefits for both reptiles and people alike. While traveling on Alberta roadways be mindful of snakes that may be attracted to warm road surfaces or that may be crossing during their wanderings. Keep a careful lookout for “snake crossing” signs that warn motorists of the possible presence of snakes on roadways in key areas. Perhaps one of the easiest things you can do to help Alberta’s reptiles is sharing what you have learned in this brochure with others, and when it comes to snakes, being more tolerant. What is a Reptile? Reptiles have been around for some 300 million years and date back to the age of the dinosaur. That era has long past and those giants have disappeared, but more than 8000 species of reptiles still thrive today! Snakes, lizards, and turtles are all reptiles.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020-21 Canada-Saskatchewan Integrated Student Loan Handbook
    Canada-Saskatchewan Integrated Student Loan Handbook Canada-Saskatchewan Integrated Student Loans Program Important Steps in Planning and Financing Your Post-Secondary Education 2020-21 saskatchewan.ca/studentloans | www.canada.ca Table of Contents Introduction . 1 New in 2020-21 . 1 Eligibility Criteria . 2 Residency . .2 Student Categories. .2 Canada and Saskatchewan Student Grants . 3 Assistance and Benefits . 3 Maximum Weekly Levels of Assistance. .4 Additional Assistance for Low-Income Students with Dependents . .4 Grants for Students with Permanent Disabilities . 5 Applying for Full-Time Student Financial Assistance . 6 Uploading Documents ...................................................................6 How Assistance is Calculated . 7 Allowable Expenses ......................................................................7 Expected Contributions ..................................................................8 Student Financial Assistance for Part-Time Studies . 11 Canada Student Loans for Part-Time Studies ........................................... 11 Canada/Saskatchewan Student Grant for Part-Time Studies ............................ 11 Canada Student Grant for Part-Time Students with Dependants ........................ 11 Receiving Your Funds . .12 Your First Student Loan Application .................................................... 12 Maintaining Your Eligibility While in School . .13 Your Responsibilities ................................................................... 13 Keeping Government Student Loans Interest-Free.
    [Show full text]
  • Canadian Demographics at a Glance
    Catalogue no. 91-003-X ISSN 1916-1832 Canadian Demographics at a Glance Second edition by Demography Division Release date: February 19, 2016 How to obtain more information For information about this product or the wide range of services and data available from Statistics Canada, visit our website, www.statcan.gc.ca. You can also contact us by email at [email protected] telephone, from Monday to Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., at the following toll-free numbers: • Statistical Information Service 1-800-263-1136 • National telecommunications device for the hearing impaired 1-800-363-7629 • Fax line 1-877-287-4369 Depository Services Program • Inquiries line 1-800-635-7943 • Fax line 1-800-565-7757 Standards of service to the public Standard table symbols Statistics Canada is committed to serving its clients in a prompt, The following symbols are used in Statistics Canada reliable and courteous manner. To this end, Statistics Canada has publications: developed standards of service that its employees observe. To . not available for any reference period obtain a copy of these service standards, please contact Statistics .. not available for a specific eferencer period Canada toll-free at 1-800-263-1136. The service standards are ... not applicable also published on www.statcan.gc.ca under “Contact us” > 0 true zero or a value rounded to zero “Standards of service to the public.” 0s value rounded to 0 (zero) where there is a meaningful distinction between true zero and the value that was rounded p preliminary Note of appreciation r revised Canada owes the success of its statistical system to a x suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements long-standing partnership between Statistics Canada, the of the Statistics Act citizens of Canada, its businesses, governments and other E use with caution institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Saskatchewan: a New History by Bill Waiser
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Great Plains Quarterly Great Plains Studies, Center for Spring 2007 Review of Saskatchewan: A New History By Bill Waiser Max Foran University of Calgary Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsquarterly Part of the Other International and Area Studies Commons Foran, Max, "Review of Saskatchewan: A New History By Bill Waiser" (2007). Great Plains Quarterly. 1460. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsquarterly/1460 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Great Plains Studies, Center for at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Plains Quarterly by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. BOOK REVIEWS Saskatchewan: A New History. By Bill Waiser. values and norms. And while documenting Calgary, AB: Fifth House Publishers, 2005. the official sanctions generally accorded these 563 pp. Maps, color photographs, illustrations, nativist sentiments, he is most critical of the appendix, notes, index. C$49.95. injustices endured by Saskatchewan's aborigi­ nal peoples. Waiser pursues this theme consis­ Bill Waiser's sweeping narrative of the history tently throughout his narrative, and it emerges of Canada's most identifiable agricultural prov­ as one of its strongest features. Also of note is ince was published as part of Saskatchewan's his discussion of women and their overlooked centennial celebrations. Wonderfully written status. in an authoritative but engaging style, Waiser's Great Plains Quarterly readers will have "Saskatchewan" is a story of challenge where much to gain from reading Saskatchewan: A buoyant hopes and dashed dreams were acted New History.
    [Show full text]