Shalom: Jewish Peace Letter March 2016 Jewish Peace Fellowship AHA BDS ?
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Jewish Peace Letter Vol. 45 No. 2 Published by the Jewish Peace Fellowship March 2016 Peter Eisenstadt If I Am Not For Myself, etc. The AHA debates BDS Women & War Stefan Merken • When Will It Ever End? Edward Hasbrouck • Will Women Be Drafted? Mariko Terasaki Miller, with Cole Miller • A Child of Two Empires Murray Polner • A Few Women vs. the Superpower ISSN: 0197-9115 From Where I Sit Stefan Merken When Will It Ever End ? e haven’t had a draft since 1973, when President Five Lessons From The History of a Dangerous Idea, Lesson #2 Richard Nixon shut it down. is on the mark: ”Nations that build military forces as deterrents But since President Jimmy Carter’s time in of- will eventually use them.” And then there’s Lesson #18: “People Wfice, young men have been required to register for the draft motivated by fear do not act well.” thirty days prior or thirty days after their eighteenth birthday. The Jewish Peace Fellowship was founded in 1941 in re- They are asked on college applications and grant and loan ap- sponse to Jewish men who refused to kill but had nowhere to plications whether they’ve registered. Some states have even turn. The JPF has always supported men and women looking for enacted harsh penalties. Why, then, if we have no draft, do we nonviolent alternatives to military service. still require young men to register? The most common answer For anyone interested, JPF’s Wrestling with Your Conscience: is that the US is trying to stay prepared in case a draft is need- a Guide for Jewish Draft Registrants and Conscientious Objectors ed in the future. is available for purchase. It outlines the legal rules and regula- Since women have recently been accepted for combat duty, tions for registrants and potential COs, asks and answers “What there is serious talk of requiring the same registration for young if a draft is reinstated?,” “Can a Jew be a C.O.?,” “The Jewish Pur- women — a frightening thought for any parent with an eighteen- suit of Peace,” and other relevant topics and also discusses non- year-old — for a possible draft and an ensuing war, given all the violence and pacifism. panic-stricken talk about putting more and more “boots on the It’s never too early (or too late) to educate yourself about ground” (human beings!) in the Greater Middle East and else- these issues. And I hope you’ll read this issue’s essays by Edward where. In Mark Kurlansky’s incisive book, Nonviolence: Twenty- Hasbrouk, Mariko Terasaki Miller, and Murray Polner, which address draft registration, militarism, and war resistance — is- Stefan Merken is chair of the Jewish Peace Fellowship. sues which, unfortunately, haven’t gone away. Y Yes! Here is my tax-deductible contribution to the Jewish Peace Fellowship! $25 / $36 / $50 / $100 / $250 / $500 / $1000 / Other $ ____ Enclosed is my check, payable to “Jewish Peace Fellowship” Phone: ______________________________________________ (Please provide your name and address below so that we may properly credit your contribution.) E-mail address: _____________________________________________ Name _____________________________________ Below, please clearly print the names and addresses, including e-mail, Address ___________________________________ of friends you think might be interested in supporting the aims of the Jewish Peace Fellowship. City / State / Zip ___________________________ Mail this slip and your contribution to: Jewish Peace Fellowship Y Box 271 Y Nyack, NY 10960-0271 2 • Shalom: Jewish Peace Letter March 2016 Jewish Peace Fellowship AHA BDS ? Peter Eisenstadt If I Am Not for Myself, etc. ast January I attended the American Historical As- on Israel and Palestine. I think not. The organization should sociation (AHA) annual convention in Atlanta. Histo- be dedicated to scholarship, not political advocacy, and with rians, as a rule, are not a particularly raucous bunch, so many contending opinions on what should be done about Land the thirty-five hundred or so historians generally went Israel and Palestine — options to the right of me, options to about their business quietly, delivering papers, buying books, the left of me — it would be the height of foolishness for the trying to cadge free food at various receptions, and the like. AHA to get into the business of favoring or proscribing par- But there was one exciting moment. At the business meeting, ticular political positions. And I think that though Israel’s there was a vote on a resolution, introduced by an organiza- educational policies in the territories are unjustifiable, it is tion called Historians Against the War (HAW), condemning hardly the only country in the world that discriminates on Israeli interference with higher education and academic freedom on the West Bank and Gaza, and calling on the AHA to mon- itor Israel’s behavior. This resolution was tailored to garner as much support as pos- sible, and unlike earlier resolutions intro- duced by HAW, it did not explicitly call for a boycott of Israeli academic institutions. Still, it was an attempt to get the AHA on record against Israel’s educational policies, and perhaps use it as a toehold from which to launch stronger BDS (boycott, divest- ment, and sanctions) resolutions. The resolution was trounced a hun- dred and eleven nays to fifty-one yeas. I was a naysayer. I don’t doubt the basic $25 / $36 / $50 / $100 / $250 / $500 / $1000 / Other $ ____ truth of the assertions in the HAW resolu- tion, though it was lacking in nuance and in places too simplistic. Israel’s general ham-fistedness certainly extends to its ed- February 15: Historians Against the War demonstrate in New York City. ucational policies in the Occupied Territo- ries. However, for me the claims in the statement were irrel- the basis of ethnicity and religion, and for the AHA to single evant to the matter at hand, which was whether or not, even out Israel in this way is no way to begin a serious discussion by implication or indirection, the AHA should take a stand of an important issue But this resolution, and others like it, has been discussed Peter Eisenstadt’s books include Rochdale Village: exhaustively, and I do not need to add to the exhaust. Rather, Robert Moses, 6,000 Families, and New York City’s Great I want to discuss two other issues the debate raised that have Experiment in Integrated Housing; Affirming the Cov- perhaps not been sufficiently acknowledged. First, the vast enant: A History of Temple B’Rith Kodesh Rochester, New majority of those voting against the resolution were some- York, 1848-1998, and most recently, Black Conservatism: where left of center: liberals, progressives, even radicals, Essays in Intellectual and Political History. whatever you call them. To be sure, there were some unam- www.jewishpeacefellowship.org March 2016 Shalom: Jewish Peace Letter • 3 biguous conservatives among the nay voters, but the vast ma- of expressing this concern. jority were not. Their scholarly work, in one way or another, A corollary of the above is that liberal and progressive non- revolves around the holy trinity of race, class, and gender. Jews, including most of the ninety percent of AHA members They voted for Obama; if they could vote in Israeli elec- who did not vote on the HAW resolution, would rather be stuck tions, they would not have voted for Benjamin Netanyahu. in a traffic jam on one of New Jersey Governor Chris Christie’s They support J Street, not AIPAC, and support B’tselem and bridges rather than talk or vote about Israel. Everyone knows the Breaking the Silence rather than Im Tirtzu. They oppose the routine: — whatever you say, your head will be bitten off by one settlements, and wonder with pained apprehension about the side or another. There is no safe or neutral position. And those democratic future of Israel. Those opposing the resolution without skin in this particular game would prefer to stay on the represented a range of opinions, of course, some more to the sidelines. They see all the parties — Israel, the PA, and Hamas center. But none of us take our marching orders from Shel- — as having contributed mightily to their collective misery. “Is- don Adelson and anti-BDS organizations. The fight against rael exhaustion” is a widespread phenomenon. To the extent the BDS in scholarly organizations is primarily being waged and resolution seemed to single out Israel and Israeli academic in- won by left-of-center academics. And the right-wing pan- stitutions, they opposed it. To the extent the supporters of the jandrums who control the organized Jewish community in resolution seemed to be making excuses for the occupation, they North America have taken little notice of this. opposed this as well. There was one more striking aspect of the debate. As I have long wondered what, if I hadn’t been born Jewish, even the outgoing president of the AHA, Vicki Ruiz, noted, my position on Israel and Palestine would be. I strongly sus- the debate over the HAW resolution was remarkably interne- pect that I wouldn’t care about Israel and Palestine as much cine. Most of the participants in the debate, pro and contra, as I do. And I suspect that I would be less interested in find- were Jewish. To be sure, there were Palestinian speakers in ing ways to balance my love of Israel with my hate of the support of the resolution, and a few persons who spoke who, current direction of the Israeli government. And this balanc- using my Jew-dar, seemed to be unambiguously gentile. But ing act is becoming increasing difficult, and the tightrope on most of the speakers, and as far as I could tell, most of the which we must stand is becoming ever more slippery.