Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) & Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Vehicles
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Natural Gas Vehicles Myth Vs. Reality
INNOVATION | NGV NATURAL GAS VEHICLES MYTH VS. REALITY Transitioning your fleet to alternative fuels is a major decision, and there are several factors to consider. Unfortunately, not all of the information in the market related to heavy-duty natural gas vehicles (NGVs) is 100 percent accurate. The information below aims to dispel some of these myths while providing valuable insights about NGVs. MYTH REALITY When specifying a vehicle, it’s important to select engine power that matches the given load and duty cycle. Earlier 8.9 liter natural gas engines were limited to 320 horsepower. They were not always used in their ideal applications and often pulled loads that were heavier than intended. As a result, there were some early reliability challenges. NGVs don’t have Fortunately, reliability has improved and the Cummins Westport near-zero 11.9 liter engine enough power, offers up to 400 horsepower and 1,450 lb-ft torque to pull full 80,000 pound GVWR aren’t reliable. loads.1 In a study conducted by the American Gas Association (AGA) NGVs were found to be as safe or safer than vehicles powered by liquid fuels. NGVs require Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) fuel tanks, or “cylinders.” They need to be inspected every three years or 36,000 miles. The AGA study goes on to state that the NGV fleet vehicle injury rate was 37 CNG is not safe. percent lower than the gasoline fleet vehicle rate and there were no fuel related fatalities compared with 1.28 deaths per 100 million miles for gasoline fleet vehicles.2 Improvements in CNG cylinder storage design have led to fuel systems that provide E F range that matches the range of a typical diesel-powered truck. -
Electric Vehicles Electric Vehicle Expansion Liquefied Natural Gas
The Road to 1 Billion Miles in UPS’s Alternative Fuel and Advanced Technology Vehicles UPS is committed to better fuel alternatives, now and for the future. That’s why we recently announced a new goal –– to drive 1 billion miles in our alternative fuel and advanced technology vehicles by 2017. With nearly 3,000 vehicles currently in our “rolling laboratory,” we’re creating sustainable connections and delivering innovative, new technologies on the road and around the globe. 1 000 000 00 0 miles by 2017 1 Billion Miles Our goal is to drive 1 billion miles in alternative fuel and advanced technology vehicles by the end of 2017 — more than double our previous goal to drive 400 million miles. 295 Million Miles 212 Million Miles Base Year 100 Million Miles 2000 2005 2010 2012 2017 Electric Vehicle Liquefied Natural Gas Expansion Announcement x20 100x 2013 2013 Earlier this year we deployed 100 fully electric UPS announced the purchase of 700 LNG tractors in commercial vehicles throughout California. These 2013 and plan to ultimately have more than 1,000 in additions to our electric vehicle fleet will help our fleet. These tractors will operate from LNG fueling offset the consumption of conventional motor fuel stations in Las Vegas, Nev.; Phoenix, Ariz., and Beaver by an estimated 126,000 gallons per year. and Salt Lake City, Utah among other locations. Electric Vehicles Diesel Hybrid Hydraulic 2001 First tested in New York City in the 1930s, we 2006 took a second look in Santiago, Chile, in 2001. Harnessing hydraulic power sharply increases fuel Today, we have more than 100 worldwide. -
New Federal Law Addresses Excise Tax on LNG, LPG, And
Multistate Tax EXTERNAL ALERT New federal law addresses excise tax on LNG, LPG, and CNG August 13, 2015 Overview President Obama recently signed into law the Surface Transportation and Veterans Health Care Choice Improvement Act of 2015 (H.R. 3236).1 Effective January 1, 2016, the new law equalizes the federal excise tax treatment of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and provides further guidance applicable to the taxation of compressed natural gas (CNG). This Tax Alert summarizes these federal excise tax law changes. The federal excise tax on alternative fuels Currently, under Internal Revenue Code (I.R.C.) §4041, the federal excise tax on “alternative fuels” is imposed when such fuels are sold for use or used as a fuel in a motor vehicle or motorboat.2 The term “alternative fuels” includes, but is not limited to, LNG, CNG, and LPG.3 LNG is currently subject to tax at the federal diesel fuel tax rate of 24.3 cents per gallon.4 However, LNG contains a lower energy content than diesel. According to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, LNG has an energy content of 74,700 Btu per gallon (lower heating value), while diesel has an energy content of 128,450 Btu per gallon (lower heating value).5 Therefore, one gallon of LNG has the energy equivalency of 58 percent of one gallon of diesel fuel, although LNG is currently taxed as having the energy equivalency of 100 percent of one gallon of diesel fuel.6 Similarly, LPG is currently subject to tax at the federal gasoline tax rate of 18.3 cents per gallon.7 However, LPG contains a lower energy content than gasoline. -
CASE Studies
THE STATE OF ASIAN CITIES 2010/11 CASE STUDIES TRANSPORTATION POSITIVE CHANGE IS WITHIN REACH Transportation generates at least one third of greenhouse gas emissions in urban areas, but positive change is within reach, and much more easily than some policymakers might think. Cycle rickshaws remain a policy blind spot The cycle rickshaw remains widely popular in Asian cities and is a sustainable urban transport for short- distance trips (1-5 km). It can also complement and integrate very effectively as a low-cost feeder service to public transport systems, providing point-to-point service (i.e., from home to a bus stop). According to estimates, over seven million passenger/goods cycle rickshaws are in operation in various Indian cities (including some 600,000 in India’s National Capital Region) where they are used by substantial numbers of low- and middle-income commuters as well as tourists, and even goods or materials. Still, for all its popularity and benefits, this non-polluting type of transport is largely ignored by policymakers and transport planners. Recently in Delhi, a ban on cycle rickshaws resulted in additional traffic problems as people turned to ‘auto’ (i.e., motorized) rickshaws instead. The ban met with public outcry and opposition from many civil society groups. In a landmark decision in February 2010, the Delhi High Court ruled that the Municipal Corporation’s ban on cycle rickshaws was unconstitutional. State of Asian Cities Report 2010/11, Ch. 4, Box 4.17 Delhi’s conversion to natural gas and solar power In 1998 and at the request of India’s non-governmental Centre for Science and Environment, the country’s Supreme Court directed the Delhi Government to convert all public transport and para-transit vehicles from diesel or petrol engines to compressed natural gas (CNG). -
Online Absolute Auction: Vehicles - Utv - Hay Equipment
09/25/21 01:52:51 ONLINE ABSOLUTE AUCTION: VEHICLES - UTV - HAY EQUIPMENT Auction Opens: Tue, Mar 30 10:00am CT Auction Closes: Tue, Apr 13 10:00am CT Lot Title Lot Title 1 1979 K5 Blazer 4x4 4 Hilti 350 Safe Piston Drive Tool 10 Coleman Propane Griddle 40 Set of Pallet Fork Extensions 11 Folding Sign Tri-Pod 41 Goodyear 16.9-24 Tractor Tires 12 Two Hitachi Drills and One Hitachi Circular 42 6' Scraper Blade Saw 43 Futura 205/65r15 Tires With Rims 13 Portable Even Embers Propane Grill 44 Garbers Seeders Inc. Seed Easy Seeder 14 Assortment of Sockets and Wrenches 45 Pull Behind Sprayer/Fertilizer 15 2002 Ford Explorer XLS 46 Various Length Wooden Fence Posts 16 2012 Ford Fusion 47 Two Rolls of Wire 18 2004 Chevrolet Express Van 48 Minn Kota 35 Electric Trolling Motor 19 2008 Chevrolet Impala SS 49 8" Auger Blade 2 55 Gallon Plastic Drum 5 Buckingham Light Pole Climbing Spikes 20 2004 Chevrolet Express Van 50 Rebar Electric Fence Posts and Metal Tract 21 2009 Volkswagen Routan Van 51 Two Rockville Amp/Subs 22 John Deere AMT 626 52 Pelican 35 Qt Cooler 23 2011 Honda Pilot 53 Coleman Model 9949 Propane Grill 24 9'New Idea 5209 Hay Mower 54 GMC 8" Sharpener 25 Three Bottom Plow 55 Crafstman 1/2 Hp Garage Door Opener 26 Set of Adjustable Pallet Forks 56 Workforce THD 550 7" Wet Tile Saw 27 Receiver Hitch Cargo Rack 57 Parts/Charger to Electric Wheel Chair 28 9'New Idea 5209 Hay Mower 58 Two Bose Free Space 51 Outdoor Speakers 29 Three Point Hitch Boom Pole 59 Electrical Supplies 3 MVP Buffer and Black & Decker Sander 6 Two Rubi Tile Saws 30 -
Fuel Properties Comparison
Alternative Fuels Data Center Fuel Properties Comparison Compressed Liquefied Low Sulfur Gasoline/E10 Biodiesel Propane (LPG) Natural Gas Natural Gas Ethanol/E100 Methanol Hydrogen Electricity Diesel (CNG) (LNG) Chemical C4 to C12 and C8 to C25 Methyl esters of C3H8 (majority) CH4 (majority), CH4 same as CNG CH3CH2OH CH3OH H2 N/A Structure [1] Ethanol ≤ to C12 to C22 fatty acids and C4H10 C2H6 and inert with inert gasses 10% (minority) gases <0.5% (a) Fuel Material Crude Oil Crude Oil Fats and oils from A by-product of Underground Underground Corn, grains, or Natural gas, coal, Natural gas, Natural gas, coal, (feedstocks) sources such as petroleum reserves and reserves and agricultural waste or woody biomass methanol, and nuclear, wind, soybeans, waste refining or renewable renewable (cellulose) electrolysis of hydro, solar, and cooking oil, animal natural gas biogas biogas water small percentages fats, and rapeseed processing of geothermal and biomass Gasoline or 1 gal = 1.00 1 gal = 1.12 B100 1 gal = 0.74 GGE 1 lb. = 0.18 GGE 1 lb. = 0.19 GGE 1 gal = 0.67 GGE 1 gal = 0.50 GGE 1 lb. = 0.45 1 kWh = 0.030 Diesel Gallon GGE GGE 1 gal = 1.05 GGE 1 gal = 0.66 DGE 1 lb. = 0.16 DGE 1 lb. = 0.17 DGE 1 gal = 0.59 DGE 1 gal = 0.45 DGE GGE GGE Equivalent 1 gal = 0.88 1 gal = 1.00 1 gal = 0.93 DGE 1 lb. = 0.40 1 kWh = 0.027 (GGE or DGE) DGE DGE B20 DGE DGE 1 gal = 1.11 GGE 1 kg = 1 GGE 1 gal = 0.99 DGE 1 kg = 0.9 DGE Energy 1 gallon of 1 gallon of 1 gallon of B100 1 gallon of 5.66 lb., or 5.37 lb. -
China at the Crossroads
SPECIAL REPORT China at the Crossroads Energy, Transportation, and the 21st Century James S. Cannon June 1998 INFORM, Inc. 120 Wall Street New York, NY 10005-4001 Tel (212) 361-2400 Fax (212) 361-2412 Site www.informinc.org Gina Goldstein, Editor Emily Robbins, Production Editor © 1998 by INFORM, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISSN# 1050-8953 Volume 5, Number 2 Acknowledgments INFORM is grateful to all those who contributed their time, knowledge, and perspectives to the preparation of this report. We also wish to thank ARIA Foundation, The Compton Foundation, The Overbrook Foundation, and The Helen Sperry Lea Foundation, without whose generous support this work would not have been possible. Table of Contents Preface Introduction: A Moment of Choice for China. ........................................................................1 Motor Vehicles in China: Oil and Other Options...................................................................3 Motor Vehicle Manufacturing........................................................................................................3 Oil: Supply and Demand...............................................................................................................5 Alternative Vehicles and Fuels........................................................................................................8 Natural Gas Vehicles.....................................................................................................8 Liquefied Petroleum Gas ..............................................................................................10 -
Final Report Study on the Potential of Increased Use of LPG for Cooking in Developing Countries
Final Report Study on the Potential of Increased Use of LPG for Cooking in Developing Countries September 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2 List of Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Preface .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 General ................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 1.2 Background ........................................................................................................................................................................... 8 2 Purpose and Scope of the Study ............................................................................................................................................ 9 2.1 Purpose of the Study ........................................................................................................................................................... -
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Demand, Supply and Future Perspectives for Sudan Synthesis report of a workshop held in Khartoum, 12-13 December 2010 The workshop was funded by UKaid from the Department for International Development Cover image: © UNAMID / Albert Gonzalez Farran This report is available online at: www.unep.org/sudan Disclaimer The material in this report does not necessarily represent the views of any of the organisations involved in the preparation and hosting of the workshop. It must be noted that some time has passed between the workshop and the dissemination of this report, during which some important changes have taken place, not least of which is the independence of South Sudan, a fact which greatly affects the national energy context. Critically, following the independence, the rate of deforestation in the Republic of Sudan has risen from 0.7% per year to 2.2% per year, making many of the discussions within this document all the more relevant. Whilst not directly affecting the production of LPG, which is largely derived from oil supplies north of the border with South Sudan, the wider context of the economics of the energy sector, and the economy as a whole, have changed. These changes are not reflected in this document. This being said, it is strongly asserted that this document still represents a useful contribution to the energy sector, particularly given its contribution to charting the breadth of perspectives on LPG in the Republic of Sudan. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Demand, Supply and Future Perspectives for Sudan Synthesis report of a workshop held in Khartoum, 12-13 December 2010 A joint publication by: Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Physical Development – Sudan, Ministry of Petroleum – Sudan, United Kingdom Department for International Development, United Nations Development Programme and United Nations Environment Programme Table of contents Acronyms and abbreviations . -
Solution: Problem
BULLETIN: 214001 PITMAN/IDLER ARM FAILURE ON GM FULL SIZE TRUCKS VARIOUS APPLICATIONS PROBLEM: SOLUTION: Pitman or idler arm stud breaks on vehicles MOOG® Problem Solver® Heavy Duty with modified tires and/or suspension Pitman & Idler Arms When the suspension is lifted, and/or MOOG® Problem Solver® Heavy Duty Pitman and Idler Arms, noted by an larger aftermarket tires are used on the BROKEN STUD “HD” suffix, feature key enhancements: affected vehicles, the steering geometry changes and puts excessive stress on the • Innovative double-taper socket design provides better resistance Pitman and/or idler arm. This stress causes to stud deflection excessive stud deflection (movement) • Full induction-hardened stud for maximum strength and may cause stud fracture, which then results in steering loss. • MOOG gusher bearing technology for superior durability • Unique Belleville washer and telescopic spacer design provides a secure assembly • Greaseable for longer life and smoother operation IDLER ARM • Enhanced e-coating for superior EXCESSIVE DEFLECTION rust resistance PITMAN ARM Before installing new components, stud fracture inspect centerlink tapered holes to be sure they are not worn (fretted) or out-of-round. WORN Replace centerlink as required. Description Years Make/Model P/N K6535HD 1999-2007 Chevrolet Silverado 1500, GMC Sierra 1500 Idler IDLER ARM 2003-2013 Chevrolet Express 2500, 3500, GMC Savana 2500, 3500 K6534HD Arm t 804-1 2009-2011Ar Chevrolet Express 4500, GMC Savana 4500 2000-2011 Chevrolet Suburban 2500, GMC Yukon XL 2500 Chevrolet -
Leak Detection in Natural Gas and Propane Commercial Motor Vehicles Course
Leak Detection in Natural Gas and Propane Commercial Motor Vehicles Course July 2015 Table of Contents 1. Leak Detection in Natural Gas and Propane Commercial Motor Vehicles Course ............................................... 1 1.1 Introduction and Overview ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Welcome ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.3 Course Goal .................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.4 Training Outcomes ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.5 Training Outcomes (Continued) ..................................................................................................................... 2 1.6 Course Objectives .......................................................................................................................................... 2 1.7 Course Topic Areas ........................................................................................................................................ 2 1.8 Course Overview ............................................................................................................................................ 2 1.9 Module One: Overview of CNG, LNG, -
Chevrolet Express® Cargo Van 2019
CHEVROLET EXPRESS® CARGO VAN 2019 INTERIOR DIMENSIONES EXTERIORES (cm) Aire acondicionado delantero con controles manuales ● Altura total 214.6 Asidera ubicada enfrente del asiento del pasajero para facilitar el acceso / descenso del vehículo ● Ancho total 201.2 Asientos de cubo en tela con respaldos altos reclinables manualmente y cabeceras ajustables ● Distancia entre ejes 342.9 Compartimiento delantero de almacenaje multiusos en panel de instrumentos ● Largo total 569.2 Control de información en panel de instrumentos ● Cubierta de piso en vinil negro ● Descansabrazos en puertas laterales y asientos frontales ● CAPACIDADES Espejo retrovisor interior con ajuste manual día/noche y con despliegue parcial de la cámara de visión trasera ● Capacidad de arrastre (kg) 3,266 Panel de instrumentos análogo con indicadores de presión del aceite, temperatura del motor, ● Capacidad de carga (kg) 1,966 velocímetro, odómetro de viaje y nivel de gasolina Compartimiento de carga (L) 6,788 Radio AM/FM estéreo, entrada USB y sistema de audio digital ● Tanque de combustible (L) 117 EXTERIOR MOTOR/CHASIS/MECÁNICO Espejos exteriores de control manual plegables en color negro ● EXPRESS® CARGO VAN V6 Faros de halógeno con sistema automático de encendido y apagado ● Motor: 4.3L V6 Limpiaparabrisas intermitente. Incluye eyectores de agua montados en el brazo ● Potencia: 285 hp @ 5,300 rpm Puerta lateral derecha trasera corrediza para facilitar acceso ● Torque: 305 lb-pie @ 3,900 rpm Puerta trasera para acceso de tipo bandera con bisagras ● Transmisión automática