bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/079947; this version posted October 12, 2016. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 TITLE PAGE 2 Title: Sexual selection drives floral scent diversification in carnivorous pitcher plants (Sarraceniaceae) 3 Author Names: Winnie W. Ho1*, J. Nathan Kutz2, Julienne Ng3, Jeff A. Riffell1* 4 Author Affiliations: 1 Dept. of Biology, University of Washington, 2 Dept. of Applied Mathematics, University of 5 Washington, 3 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder 6 * Email address of corresponding authors:
[email protected],
[email protected] 7 8 ABSTRACT 9 Plant volatiles mediate vital ecological services, including pollination and herbivory. Empirical studies show 10 that both pollinators and herbivores exert strong selective pressures on plant phenotypes, leading to the 11 expectation that volatiles from floral and vegetative tissues should exhibit the respective signatures of sexual 12 and natural selection. We tested this hypothesis in the North American pitcher plants, which have modified 13 leaves to capture prey and provide an ideal opportunity to understand the evolution of scent compounds across 14 different plant organs. We collected a comprehensive dataset of floral and vegetative volatiles from across the 15 NA Sarraceniaceae, and used multivariate analysis methods to investigate scent evolution in this unique taxon. 16 Our major findings