DOCSLIB.ORG

What Phenomenology and Asperger's

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
What Phenomenology and Asperger's Duquesne University Duquesne Scholarship Collection Electronic Theses and Dissertations Summer 1-1-2017 Structure or Knot: What Phenomenology and Asperger’s Syndrome can Teach Lacanian Psychoanalysis About Subjective Constitution Shannon D. Kelly Follow this and additional works at: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd Recommended Citation Kelly, S. D. (2017). Structure or Knot: What Phenomenology and Asperger’s Syndrome can Teach Lacanian Psychoanalysis About Subjective Constitution (Doctoral dissertation, Duquesne University). Retrieved from https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/172 This Immediate Access is brought to you for free and open access by Duquesne Scholarship Collection. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Duquesne Scholarship Collection. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STRUCTURE OR KNOT: WHAT PHENOMENOLOGY AND ASPERGER’S SYNDROME CAN TEACH LACANIAN PSYCHOANALYSIS ABOUT SUBJECTIVE CONSTITUTION A Dissertation Submitted to the McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts Duquesne University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Shannon D. Kelly August 2017 STRUCTURE OR KNOT: WHAT PHENOMENOLOGY AND ASPERGER’S SYNDROME CAN TEACH LACANIAN PSYCHOANALYSIS ABOUT SUBJECTIVE CONSTITUTION By Shannon D. Kelly Approved May 1, 2017 ________________________________ ________________________________ Jessie Goicoechea, Ph.D. Eva Simms, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Psychology Professor of Psychology Duquesne University Duquesne University (Dissertation Director) (Committee Member) ________________________________ ________________________________ Elizabeth Fein, Ph.D. Kareen Malone, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Psychology Professor Emeritus of Psychology Duquesne University University of West Georgia (Committee Member) (Committee Member) ________________________________ ________________________________ Leswin Laubscher, Ph.D. James Swindal, Ph.D. Chair, Department of Psychology Dean, McAnulty College and Graduate Associate Professor of Psychology School of Liberal Arts Duquesne University Professor of Philosophy Duquesne University iii ABSTRACT STRUCTURE OR KNOT: WHAT PHENOMENOLOGY AND ASPERGER’S SYNDROME CAN TEACH LACANIAN PSYCHOANALYSIS ABOUT SUBJECTIVE CONSTITUTION By Shannon D. Kelly August 2017 Dissertation supervised by Dr. Jessie Goicoechea This research project examines Asperger’s Syndrome (now, with the DSM 5, Autism Spectrum Disorder) through the lens of Lacanian psychoanalysis and speaks to current debates in the field regarding the structural diagnosis of autism. Framed by critiques of Lacanian psychoanalysis, the project takes up autism and treatments for the disorder from within mainstream psychological approaches, from the viewpoint of neurodiversity and autistic self- advocates, and from within Lacanian psychoanalysis, with specific attention paid to the diagnostic approach in Lacanian thinking and the assumed relationship between autism and psychosis. Four published autobiographies written by autistic adults were subjected to two types of qualitative analysis in order to elucidate the experience of autistic adults, as described by them, to consider where autism fits within the Lacanian structural system, and to determine potential treatment needs for autistic adults. In order to strike a balance between autistic and iv clinical perspectives, the first examination utilized interpretive phenomenological analysis to gain a deeper understanding of the experience of autism and the potential issues at stake as they are presented by individuals on the spectrum. Following that, the second analysis compared the autobiographical material to the conceptual elements of Lacanian structural theory. The results of the analyses show that autism does not fit within the Lacanian structural definition of psychosis and also does not comprise its own, unique structural category. Using findings generated from both analyses, commonalities and divergences in lived experience as described by the authors are explored, and the potential impact of those findings on how autism is conceptualized and treated within Lacanian psychoanalysis and mainstream treatments is discussed, with special attention paid to questions of power, identity, and politics within both approaches. v DEDICATION For Brandon, my brother and best friend. We made it. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would first like to thank my patients at the Duquesne Psychology Clinic. I was lucky to have the opportunity there to work with adults on the spectrum who helped me to challenge my theoretical foundations and orient me to the questions I am asking in this project. I will forever be grateful to them for their generosity of spirit, hard work, and humor. I would also like to thank Dr. Jessie Goicoechea, whose guidance through this process has been invaluable. Her infinite patience, emotional support, and willingness to help me organize what seemed like volumes of discrete information was beyond helpful. I am also extremely grateful to my dissertation committee, Dr. Eva Simms, Dr. Elizabeth Fein, and Dr. Kareen Malone, whose close and thoughtful reading of earlier drafts of this project have enriched both the final text and my own understanding of the complicated and interesting world of autism research and treatments. Thank you to my mother and brother who cheered me on throughout the process and had faith (against all odds) that I would eventually finish. Also, thank you to Pippi, our beloved and goofy coonhound who forced me off the couch and into the woods. Her antics helped me to maintain my humor through the many months of slow and painful writing. Finally, and most importantly, I am deeply grateful and profoundly thankful for my wife, Rachel, whose love and support made this seemingly impossible task possible. I could not ask for a better partner or friend. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract…………………………………………..………….…………………….……………..iii Dedication…………………………………………...……………….………………………......vi Acknowledgement………………………………………...……………..…………………..…..vii List of Abbreviations………………………………………………..…………………..………..xi CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1 Causation………………………………………...……………………...………………………..1 Theories of (my) Mind……………………………………………………..…………………….3 Language Problems……………………………………………………………………….……..8 Special Interests, Inflexible Adherence, and Self-Stimulation……………………...………..12 CHAPTER TWO DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF AUTISM IN MAINSTREAM PSYCHOLOGY 17 Diagnosis……………………………………………………………………………………...…17 Asperger’s Syndrome vs. “High-Functioning” Autism Spectrum Disorder……………...…..18 Research………………………………………………………………………………………....21 The Medicalization of Autism…………………………………………………………...…..21 When Autistic Children Grow Up………………………………………………………...…22 Treatments………………………………………………………………………………...…….24 CHAPTER THREE THEORY AND TREATMENT OF AUTISM IN LACANIAN PSYCHOANALYSIS 27 Autism and Psychoanalysis…………………………………………………………………….28 Autism and Lacanian Psychoanalysis....................................................................................…32 Diagnosis in the Lacanian Tradition…....................................................................................33 Structure, Sinthome, Autism…................................................................................................58 CHAPTER FOUR CHALLENGES TO THE MAINSTREAM THROUGH AUTISM SELF-ADVOCACY, THE NEURODIVERSITY MOVEMENT, AND CRITICAL AUTISM STUDIES 64 Cure Culture: Erasing Autism…...........................................................................................…67 The Primary Deficits: Theory of Mind and Empathy…....................................................….68 Autistic Selves: Making Up People…....................................................................................…71 Autistic Experience….............................................................................................................….74 CHAPTER FIVE READING AUTISTIC AUTOBIOGRAPHY: METHOD AND RESULTS 79 Research Method.........................................................................................................................80 Data..........................................................................................................................................80 IPA Analysis............................................................................................................................80 Psychoanalytic Analysis..........................................................................................................84 viii Comparative Analysis..............................................................................................................85 The Authors and their Texts.......................................................................................................86 IPA Analysis.................................................................................................................................86 Table of Themes......................................................................................................................86 Narrative Descriptions.............................................................................................................86 Being an outsider...............................................................................................................87 Mistreatment prompts confusion and withdrawal........................................................87 Feeling deeply misunderstood.....................................................................................93
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Works of William Cowper, Esq., Comprising His Poems, Correspondence, and Translations
    This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com TheWorksofWilliamCowper,Esq.,ComprisingHisPoems,Correspondence,andTranslations WilliamCowper,RobertSouthey mt / * r SI \/,V I M C©7. '. / ///; ivHHi" *i-;Avt-h r " ] )' HP* II", - i.; ,-. i" / .: >IF r 'Hl'l " t* J-.li /. h v i WILLIAM f f ti 1' *. v , . or, k 'i'r .so h'i' i '.' v V rJ L , V 1 I: » .. •!i.!":"ta!J'S!t BA' rcwi! "' «.- . IMM'v „ pa l f J 3 la . THE WORKS or WILLIAM COWPER, Esq. COMPRISING HIS POEMS, CORRESPONDENCE, AND TRANSLATIONS. WITH A LIFE OF THE AUTHOR, BY THE EDITOR, ROBERT SOUTHEY, Esq. LL. D. POET LAUREATE, ETC. VOL. VIII. LONDON: BALDWIN AND CRADOCK, PATERNOSTER ROW. 1836. CHISWICK press: C. WHITTINGHAM, COLLEGE HOUSE. WZoo ADVERTISEMENT. I. This Volume contains such of Cowper's juvenile Poems as were published by Hayley, those which Mr. Croft published under the title of Early Pro ductions, Cowper's part of the Olney Hymns, the Anti-Thelyphthora, and the volume of Poems by which, in 1782, he first made himself known to the public. 2. The pieces introduced by Hayley in his Life of the Poet, or appended to it, were either obtained from Cowper and Lady Hesketh, or pointed out to him by their author in the books wherein they had been pub lished anonymously. 3. Mr. Croft's little, but most interesting volume appeared with the following title, dedication, and pre face.
    [Show full text]
  • Margaret Mahler - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Margaret Mahler - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Mahler From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Margaret Schönberger Mahler (May 10, 1897 – October 2, 1985) was a Hungarian physician, who later became Margaret Schönberger Mahler interested in psychiatry. She was a central figure on the world Born May 10, 1897 stage of psychoanalysis. Her main interest was in normal Sopron, Kingdom of Hungary childhood development, but she spent much of her time with Died October 2, 1985 psychiatric children and how they arrive at the "self." Mahler New York, United States of America developed the Separation-Individuation theory of child Residence New York development. Nationality Austrian Fields Psychoanalysis, child development Institutions Margaret S. Mahler Psychiatric Research Foundation Known for theory of child development 1 Biography Notable APA Agnes Purceil McGavin Award 2 Work awards 3 Separation-Individuation Theory of child development 4 Object Constancy 5 Selected works 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External links Margaret Schönberger was born on 10 May 1897 into a Jewish family in Sopron, a small town in western Hungary. She and a younger sister had a difficult childhood as a result of their parents' troubled marriage. Margaret's father, however, encouraged her to excel in mathematics and other sciences. After completing the High School for Daughters, she attended Vaci Utcai Gimnazium in Budapest, even though it was unusual at the time for a woman to continue formal education. Budapest was of great influence on her life and career.[1] She met the influential Hungarian psychoanalyst Sándor Ferenczi, became fascinated by the concept of the unconscious, and was encouraged to read Sigmund Freud.[2] In September 1916, Schönberger began Art History studies at the University of Budapest, but in January 1917 she switched to Medical School.
    [Show full text]
  • Kant, Mission Command, and What It Means to Take
    OPERATIONALIZING A PEOPLE-FIRST STRATEGY: KANT, MISSION COMMAND, AND WHAT IT MEANS TO TAKE RESPONSIBILITY IN A 21ST CENTURY MILITARY A Thesis by JON GENE THOMPSON, JR. Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Chair of Committee, Kristi Sweet Committee Members, Theodore George Marian Eide Head of Department, Theodore George May 2021 Major Subject: Philosophy Copyright 2021 Jon Gene Thompson, Jr. ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis is to argue for the adoption of Mission Command because it stands to promote the kind of functioning proper to the aims and conditions of the increasingly tech-enabled military. It does this because there are no mission, battle, or war conditions where good judgment and responsible action are not critical to the success of the military’s endeavors. In this, there is a moral basis to the proper functioning of a good military – trust and responsibility taking. While some argue that implementing Mission Command is infeasible, I argue that Kant, in fact, provides a model of moral education that suits Mission Command’s integration quite well. I turn to Kant because he is the thinker for whom responsibility is the key concept, so his thoughts on how to cultivate it are relevant to the successful integration of Mission Command. In order to support my argument for Mission Command, I first focus the thesis on the ethical debates of autonomous weapons systems (AWS), specifically, drones. In finding the literature too narrow, I argue the ethical discussion must be recast in terms of judgment, autonomy, and responsibility in order to locate a balanced path forward for the ethical research and development of technology that privileges the centrality of the human agent.
    [Show full text]
  • Godsmack Batalla De Los Concert Album Download Godsmack
    godsmack batalla de los concert album download Godsmack. Godsmack is a hard rock/alternative metal band from Lawrence, Massachusetts, United States which formed in 1995. They are often mis- categorized as post-grunge or nu metal. The band comprises founder, frontman and songwriter Sully Erna, guitarist Tony Rombola, bassist Robbie Merrill, and drummer Shannon Larkin. Since its formation, Godsmack has released five studio albums, one EP, four DVDs, and one greatest hits collection. The band has had three consecutive #1 albums (Faceless,IV,The Oracle) on the Billboard 200. Godsmack's fifth studio album, titled The Oracle was released on May 3, 2010. The band has also parked a ratified 18 top ten rock radio hits, including 15 songs in the Top Five, more than bands such as Linkin Park and Metallica. Godsmack are one of the most popular metal acts of the last decade in the United States, selling over 19 million records worldwide. Since its inception, Godsmack has toured on Ozzfest on more than one occasion, and have toured with many other large tours and festivals, including supporting its albums with its own arena tours. In the summer of 2009, Godsmack toured as support to M?tley Cr?e's Cr?e Fest 2 tour. In February 1995, Sully Erna decided to start a new band as the lead singer after playing the drums for more than 23 years, including over two years in the now-defunct band Strip Mind. His new band The Scam formed with Erna on vocals, Robbie Merrill on bass, local guitarist and friend Lee Richards on guitar, and Tommy Stewart on drums.
    [Show full text]
  • The Opiate: Winter 2016, Vol. 4
    The Opiate Winter 2016 Winter 2016,Vol. Vol.4 V4 This page intentionally left blank YourThe literary dose.Opiate © The Opiate 2016 This magazine, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced without permission. Cover: still from Jean-Luc Godard’s Le Petit Soldat 3. The Opiate, Winter Vol. 4 Editor-in-Chief Genna Rivieccio Poetry Editor Armando Jaramillo Garcia Contributing Writers Fiction: Michael Anthony 9 “It is sometimes an Joel Allegretti 17 Daniel Ryan Adler 21 Gael DeRoane 28 appropriate Sasha Sosnowski 29 Poetry: Peggy Aylsworth 33 response to reality Nova Reeves 34-35 Sandy Wang 36 Stuart Jay Silverman 37-39 John J. Trause 40-42 to go insane.” Scott Sherman 43 Scott Penney 44 Ryan Fox 46 - Philip K. Dick Criticism: Genna Rivieccio 49 4. 5. The Opiate, Winter Vol. 4 Each of the writers in this issue brings something unique not just to the magazine, but the genre which they are speaking to. As for the criticism section, I apologize Editor’s Note for it being, once again, by me. It’s a bit of a challenge to find fresh voices in this category (so if you’re out there, please send something to theopiatemagazine@gmail. com). With regard to the piece, let me bring up what Madonna said in the wake of the Winter may be a time of languor, but it is also a time for rumination. Trapped within Paris attacks: “It is very hard to love that which we do not understand, or that which is the confines of your mind as much as you are inside of whatever edifice it is you’ve different than we are.
    [Show full text]
  • Child Developmental Theory Applied to Foster Placement Decisions
    ji 41 I.. ':;.'• T •' ' 4 t' -J IP 14 ry 1 "510 05 Rp It I zJ J I .1 I 1 IIpjr:; 4 J I CHILD DEVELOPMENTAL THEORY APPLIED TO FOSTER PLACEMENT DECISIONS A dissertation submitted to the Institute for Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Clinical Social Work. go GERALDINE EGBERT CHESNUT June 12, 1983 c 1983 GERALDINE EGBERT CHESNUT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED e INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL SOCIAL WORK Child Developmental Theory Applied to Foster Placement Decisions by GERALDINE EGBERT CHESNUT Doctoral Committee i7vz4c1 & /783 Chairperson Verneice Thompson, Ph. Dde Date Commi 1 ) IV5 Daé Consá[tant ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Since entering the doctoral program, many people have been helpful and supportive of my project which has been greatly encouraging. Several persons were of unusual help and I would like to give them particular recognition. First, I wish to give special thanks to my committee: to Verneice Thompson Ph.D., Chairman for her invaluable help in completing this dissertation; to Elizabeth Eisenhuth Ph.D. for her unflagging interest and willingness to deal with details and to consultant Sylvia Sussman, Ph.D. for her expertise in analyzing the structural problems. My thanks also to consultant Katherine Godlewski Ph.D., whose grasp of the project's practicality added another dimension, i.e. the emphasis on parenting. To Calvin Settlage, M.D., consultant on questions of theory, I extend my gratitude for his, generous efforts in the clarification and application of Margaret Mahler's theory to the case material. To Albert Kastl, Ph.D., consultant on research methodology and in setting up the research design, I offer my great appreciation.
    [Show full text]
  • Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy of the Borderline Patient
    PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY OF The Borderline Patient Arlene Robbins Wolberg Copyright © 1982 Arlene Robbins Wolberg e-Book Copyright © 2014 International Psychotherapy Institute All Rights Reserved This e-book contains material protected under International and Federal Copyright Laws and Treaties. This e-book is intended for personal use only. Any unauthorized reprint or use of this material is prohibited. No part of this book may be used in any commercial manner without express permission of the author. Scholarly use of quotations must have proper attribution to the published work. This work may not be deconstructed, reverse engineered or reproduced in any other format. Created in the United States of America For information regarding this book, contact the publisher: International Psychotherapy Institute E-Books 301-215-7377 6612 Kennedy Drive Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6504 www.freepsychotherapybooks.org [email protected] To Michael Lisa David Michael Preface Although borderline conditions have been with us for as long as any other emotional ailment, it is only recently that attention has been concen­ trated on this syndrome. Reasons for this focus are sundry. More and more psychotherapists have become aware of the vast multitudes of pa­ tients seeking help who possess a diversity of complaints but who cannot be pigeonholed in any distinctive diagnostic category. Symptoms come and go, fluctuating from evanescent paranoidal projections to obsessive-com­ pulsive maneuvers, to anxiety manifestations, to depression, to conversion phenomena, to distortion phenomena (fantasy defenses), and to temporary psychotic episodes. Moreover, the sadomasochistic relationships established by these patients have made therapy arduous and frequently unsuccessful. The challenge posed by the borderline malady that disables such great numbers of our population has promoted increasing empirical studies and has yielded a vast literature with craftily fabricated theories that espouse many contradictory themes.
    [Show full text]
  • Ad Pages Template
    MEMBERS OF MENSA SINCE 1992 COVER ART BY ROB & TAMARA VOLUME 25 | ISSUE 4 | JANUARY 28-FEBRUARY 3, 2016 | FREE [2] WEEKLY ALIBI JANUARY 28-FEBRUARY 3 , 2016 I-25 & Tramway | Albuquerque, NM | 505.796.7500 | 877.272.9199 www.sandiacasino.com JANUARY 28-FEBRUARY 3, 2016 WEEKLY ALIBI [3] alibi Letters should be sent with the writer’s name, VOLUME 25 | ISSUE 4 | JANUARY 28-FEBRUARY 3 , 2016 address and daytime phone number via email to EDITORIAL [email protected]. They can also be faxed to (505) MANAGING EDITOR /COPY EDITOR: Renee Chavez (ext. 255) [email protected] 256-9651. Letters may be edited for length and FILM EDITOR: clarity, and may be published in any medium; we Devin D. O’Leary (ext. 230) [email protected] MUSIC EDITOR : regret that owing to the volume of August March (ext. 245) [email protected] correspondence we cannot reply to every letter. ARTS/LIT EDITOR: Word count limit for letters is 300 words. Maggie Grimason (ext. 239) [email protected] STAFF WRITER: Joshua Lee (ext. 243) [email protected] EDITORIAL INTERNS : Megan Reneau [email protected] Cerridwen Stucky [email protected] Severely Disappointed CONTRIBUTING WRITERS: Cecil Adams, Sam Adams, Steven Robert Allen, Gustavo Dear Alibi , Arellano, Robin Babb, Rob Brezsny, Shawna Brown, Suzanne Buck, Carolyn Carlson, Eric Castillo, Mark Three weeks ago, in the Jan. 7 issue, I read a Fischer, Ari LeVaux, Ty Bannerman, August March, great Alibi article, titled “More Than Reality Genevieve Mueller, Geoffrey Plant, Benjamin Radford, Jeremy Shattuck, Allows,” all about local punk legend Jessica PRODUCTION Mills.
    [Show full text]
  • MAURICE APPREY the Wound of an Absence: Strategies Infants and Adults Use to Suture the Gap
    IPSO PSİKE 2018 EVENT 11 March 2018 MAURICE APPREY The Wound of an Absence: Strategies Infants and Adults Use to Suture the Gap PROGRAM 15:00 – 15:15 Opening Speeches 15:15 – 16:15 –Video I “Case of John” and Discussion 16:15 – 16:30 Break 16:30 – 18:00 – Video II “Case of Lucy” and Discussion Location: Cezayir Toplantı Salonları Galatasaray- İstanbul Registration fees: IPSO members 60 TL IPA candidates 80 TL New Analysts 100 TL Registration will be held at the door. The event language is English. ULUSLARARASI PSİKANALİZ BİRLİĞİ (IPA) Registraiton fee includes participation in the event, presentation material and coffee refreshments. PROVISIONAL SOCIETY For ınformation on IPSO https://www.ipso.world MAURICE APPREY Maurice Apprey, PhD, DM, FIPA, is a Full Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Virginia School of Medicine. A member of the Academy of Distinguished Educators at the School of Medicine, he has taught medical students and residents of psychiatry for nearly forty years. He trained at the Anna Freud Centre in London in child and adolescent psychoanalysis. He is a training and a supervising psychoanalyst at the Contemporary Freudian Society in Washington, DC, a Component Society of the International Psychoanalytical Association, where he trained in adult psychoanalysis. He has published widely in psychoanalysis, human development, film and conflict resolution. Seminar on Separation Individuation with Film Illustration In clinical psychoanalysis and in psychotherapy the clinician who works with adults, encounters enactments in the psychoanalytic setting without knowing what actual historical experiences have formed the sedimentations of history. As a result of not knowing how the events of history have translated into a sense of history, the representational world of the patient can present challenges in how to understand the reactivations of history into the present.
    [Show full text]
  • Devokan Tsahno
    Devokan Tsahno NebThauDragmire When a teenage girl finds an odd looking book in the New Mexican desert, she’s transported to a strange new world... but the world is nothing next to the family that lives there. Pre-Myst, Myst, Riven. Author’s note: Trust me, this isn’t your usual Myst fanfic. This is Alternate Universe as you’ve never seen it before. When writing the outline for this story, the first thing I did was promptly take canon and chuck it out the nearest window. Cyan owns Myst and all related characters/Ages/etc. I own the character of Cecilia. “Devokan” means “hope” and “Tsahno” means “eternal”. So, the title for the story is “Eternal Hope” (In D’ni, the adjective comes after the noun). Devokan Tsahno Prologue: The Finding of the Book I watched with anticipation as the dust cloud grew closer. It was a big one this time; the biggest devil that I’ve seen all summer. I steadied myself on the rocky outcropping, gripping the tarp. I watched as the dirt devil came nearer. It was almost eight feet tall, two feet shorter than the small cliff on which I stood. This thing was powerful, too - it was ripping up the smaller plants by the roots. It was close now. I pulled the tarp into the right position. Then, after a swift count to three, I threw the tarp into the wind. It was airborne! The tarp, with the rock attached, was flying right along with the dirt devil! But it was turning away from me.
    [Show full text]
  • Mahler, Margaret
    Digital Commons @ George Fox University Faculty Publications - Graduate School of Counseling Graduate School of Counseling 2015 Mahler, Margaret Anna A. Berardi Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/gsc Part of the Counseling Psychology Commons Mahler, Margaret Anna A. Berardi Born into a Jewish family in Sopron, Hungary, Margaret Mahler (1897–1985) is one of the founding pioneers in psychoanalytical theory and practice. She is most noted for her separation-individuation theory of child development, which emphasizes identity formation as occurring within the context of relationships. After im- migrating to the United States in 1938, Mahler’s work as a child psychiatrist informed her theory regarding the interplay between our internal (psychological) development and our external social environment. This ap- proach was considered scandalous within her professional community, which tended to minimize sociocultural and relational contributors to our sense of self. Her conceptual framework regarding the nature of attachment relating, specifically our need for both closeness and distance, is imbedded in many theoretical constructs regarding attachment, interpersonal relationships, family, and broader social system functioning. In her separation-individuation theory of child development, Mahler hypothesized that the process of becom- ing—of separating (differentiating out from our perceptual and emotional fusion with others) and individuating (developing concrete autonomous skills and abilities)—occurred through a lifelong process of connecting and separating. Like the ebb and flow of a tide, each person continually needs to relationally “move in,” experi- encing self within the context of “we” (symbiosis). Likewise, we continually need distance, to “move out” to reestablish connection to self as an “I” as we synthesize the good, bad, and indifferent of current relationships or explore new roles, relationships, and challenges.
    [Show full text]
  • Tsotsi Study Guide Secondary
    INTRODUCTION It is important to remember that the novel and film version of Tsotsi are totally different from each other. The timelines differ as the film version is set in the post-apartheid era and the novel is set during the apartheid era. There are also major plot differences between the novel and film version. SETTING Tsotsi is set in an unnamed township just outside Johannesburg (possibly Sophiatown), in the 1950’s. There are references to the bus boycott and the first man-made object to land on the moon. The novel clearly describes the difficulties of living in the townships and a number of passages are critical of the actions taken by the apartheid government and of the society it created. Sophiatown Sophiatown, also known as Sof'town or Kofifi, is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. Sophiatown was a legendary black cultural hub that was destroyed under apartheid, rebuilt under the name of Triomf, and in 2006 officially returned to its original name. Sophiatown was one of the oldest black areas in Johannesburg and its destruction represents some of the excesses of South Africa under apartheid. Despite the violence and poverty, it was the epicentre of politics, jazz and blues during the 1940s and 1950s. It produced some of South Africa's most famous writers, musicians, politicians and artists. Sophiatown was originally part of the Waterfall farm. Over time it included the neighbouring areas of Martindale and Newclare. It was purchased by a speculator, Hermann Tobiansky, in 1897. The township was named after Tobiansky's wife, Sophia, and some of the streets were named after his children Toby, Gerty, Bertha and Victoria.
    [Show full text]