eAppendix 1: Search Strategy

The PubMed search strategy employed the following terms (yielded 910 hits on

3/28/17): (“Dystonia”[Mesh] OR dystonia[tiab] OR “Torticollis”[Mesh] OR torticollis[tiab]

OR wryneck[tiab] OR "Psychomotor Agitation"[Mesh] OR “psychomotor agitation”[tiab]

OR restlessness[tiab] OR akathisia[tiab] OR "Akathisia, Drug-Induced"[Mesh] OR

“drug-induced akathisia”[tiab] OR “tardive akathisia”[tiab] OR “Hypokinesia”[Mesh] OR hypokinesia[tiab] OR hypodynamia[tiab] OR bradykinesia[tiab] OR “Tardive

Dyskinesia”[Mesh] OR “tardive dyskinesia”[tiab] OR "Drug-Related Side Effects and

Adverse Reactions"[Mesh] OR “adverse drug event”[tiab] OR “adverse drug reaction”[tiab] OR “drug side effect”[tiab] OR "Treatment Outcome"[Mesh] OR

“treatment outcome”[tiab]) AND ("Diphenhydramine"[Mesh] OR Diphenhydramine[tiab]

OR "Histamine H1 Antagonists"[Mesh] OR “Histamine H1 Antagonists”[tiab] OR

"Histamine H1 Antagonists" [Pharmacological Action] OR "Benztropine"[Mesh] OR benztropine[tiab]) AND ("Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists"[Mesh] OR “dopamine D2 antagonists”[tiab] OR "Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists" [Pharmacological Action]

OR "Antiemetics"[Mesh] OR antiemetics[tiab] OR "Antiemetics" [Pharmacological

Action] OR "Metoclopramide"[Mesh] OR metoclopramide[tiab] OR

"Prochlorperazine"[Mesh] OR prochlorperazine[tiab] OR “Chlorpromazine” [MeSH] OR chlorpromazine[tiab] OR "Cholinergic Antagonists"[Mesh] OR “cholinergic antagonists”[tiab] OR "Cholinergic Antagonists" [Pharmacological Action] OR

"Droperidol"[Mesh] OR droperidol[tiab])

The Cochrane search strategy employed the following terms (yielded 143 hits on

3/24/17): 1. (search terms 1 to 7): Dystonia, hypokinesia, extrapyramidal rigidity,

psychomotor agitation, movement disorders, Drug-Related Side Effects and

Adverse Reactions, treatment outcome

2. (search terms 8 to 10) Diphenhydramine, Histamine H1 Antagonists, Benztropine

3. (search terms 11 to 17) Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists, Antiemetics,

Metoclopramide, Prochlorperazine, Chlorpromazine, Cholinergic Antagonists,

Droperidol

4. Search strategy: (#1 or #2 or #3 or #4 or #5 or #6 or #7) and (#8 or #9 or #10)

and (#11 or #12 or #13 or #14 or #15 or #16 or #17)

The Embase search strategy employed the following terms (yielded 542 hits on

3/24/17): ‘extrapyramidal symptom’/exp OR ‘restlessness’/exp OR ‘psychomotor disorder’/exp OR ‘parkinsonism’/exp OR ‘tardive dyskinesia’/exp OR ‘adverse drug reaction’/exp OR ‘treatment outcome’/exp AND ‘diphenhydramine’/exp OR ‘Histamine

H1 receptor Antagonists’/exp OR ‘benzatropine’/exp AND ‘dopamine 2 receptor blocking agent’/exp OR ‘Antiemetic agent’/exp OR ‘cholinergic receptor blocking agent’/exp)

The Web of Science search strategy employed the following terms (yielded 36 hits on

3/28/17):

#1 search: (TS=(dystonia OR torticollis OR "psychomotor agitation" OR restlessness

OR akathisia OR "Drug-Induced Akathisia" OR hypokinesia OR "tardive dyskinesia" OR "Adverse Drug Event" OR "Adverse Drug Reaction" OR EPS OR "extrapyramidal symptoms"))

#2 search: TS=(diphenhydramine OR "Histamine H1 Antagonists" OR benzatropine

OR benztropine)

#3 search: TS=("Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists" OR antiemetics OR metoclopramide OR prochlorperazine OR chlorpromazine OR "Cholinergic

Antagonists" OR droperidol )

Combined search: #3 AND #2 AND #1 AND LANGUAGE: (English) AND DOCUMENT

TYPES: (Article)

All years

Core collection (SCI-EXPANDED & SSCI)

The Scopus search strategy employed the following terms (yielded 906 hits on 3/28/17):

(TITLE-ABS-KEY ( dystonia OR torticollis OR "psychomotor agitation" OR restlessness

OR "Drug-Induced Akathisia" OR hypokinesia OR akathisia OR EPS OR

"extrapyramidal symptoms" OR "Adverse Drug Event" OR "Adverse Drug Reaction" )

AND TITLE-ABS-KEY ( diphenhydramine OR "Histamine H1 Antagonists" OR benzatropine OR benztropine ) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "Dopamine D2 Receptor

Antagonists" OR antiemetics OR metoclopramide OR prochlorperazine OR chlorpromazine OR "Cholinergic Antagonists" OR droperidol ) ) AND ( LIMIT-TO (

SRCTYPE,"j " ) ) AND ( LIMIT-TO ( DOCTYPE,"ar " ) OR LIMIT-TO ( DOCTYPE,"cp " ))