Distribution of Rhodoquinone Rhodospirillaceae and Its Taxonomic
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Phototrophic Oxidation of Ferrous Iron by a Rhodomicrobium Vannielii Strain
Phototrophic oxidation of ferrous iron by a Rhodomicrobium vannielii strain Silke Heising and Bernhard Schink Author for correspondence: Bernhard Schink. Tel: 49 7531 882140. Fax: 49 7531 882966. e-mail: Bernhard.Schink!uni-konstanz.de Fakulta$ tfu$r Biologie, Oxidation of ferrous iron was studied with the anaerobic phototrophic Universita$ t Konstanz, bacterial strain BS-1. Based on morphology, substrate utilization patterns, Postfach 5560, D-78434 Konstanz, Germany arrangement of intracytoplasmic membranes and the in vivo absorption spectrum, this strain was assigned to the known species Rhodomicrobium vannielii. Also, the type strain of this species oxidized ferrous iron in the light. Phototrophic growth of strain BS-1 with ferrous iron as electron donor was stimulated by the presence of acetate or succinate as cosubstrates. The ferric iron hydroxides produced precipitated on the cell surfaces as solid crusts which impeded further iron oxidation after two to three generations. The complexing agent nitrilotriacetate stimulated iron oxidation but the yield of cell mass did not increase stoichiometrically under these conditions. Other complexing agents inhibited cell growth. Ferric iron was not reduced in the dark, and manganese salts were neither oxidized nor reduced. It is concluded that ferrous iron oxidation by strain BS-1 is only a side activity of this bacterium that cannot support growth exclusively with this electron source over prolonged periods of time. Keywords: iron metabolism, phototrophic bacteria, Rhodomicrobium vannielii, iron complexation, nitrilotriacetate (NTA) INTRODUCTION anoxygenic purple bacteria, including a Rhodo- microbium vannielii-like isolate (Widdel et al., 1993). Iron is the fourth most important element in the Earth’s Other strains of purple phototrophs able to oxidize crust, making up about 5% of the total crust mass ferrous iron are strain L7, a non-motile rod with gas (Ehrlich, 1990). -
A Study on the Phototrophic Microbial Mat Communities of Sulphur Mountain Thermal Springs and Their Association with the Endangered, Endemic Snail Physella Johnsoni
A Study on the Phototrophic Microbial Mat Communities of Sulphur Mountain Thermal Springs and their Association with the Endangered, Endemic Snail Physella johnsoni By Michael Bilyj A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba October 2011 © Copyright 2011, Michael A. Bilyj 1 Abstract The seasonal population fluctuation of anoxygenic phototrophs and the diversity of cyanobacteria at the Sulphur Mountain thermal springs of Banff, Canada were investigated and compared to the drastic population changes of the endangered snail Physella johnsoni. A new species and two strains of Rhodomicrobium were taxonomically characterized in addition to new species of Rhodobacter and Erythromicrobium. Major mat-forming organisms included Thiothrix-like species, oxygenic phototrophs of genera Spirulina, Oscillatoria, and Phormidium and purple nonsulfur bacteria Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas and Rhodomicrobium. Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs comprised upwards of 9.6 x 104 CFU/cm2 of mat or 18.9% of total aerobic heterotrophic bacterial isolates at certain sites, while maximal purple nonsulfur and purple sulfur bacteria were quantified at 3.2 x 105 and 2.0 x 106 CFU/cm2 of mat, respectively. Photosynthetic activity measurements revealed incredibly productive carbon fixation rates averaging 40.5 mg C/cm2/24 h. A temporal mismatch was observed for mat area and prokaryote-based organics to P. johnsoni population flux in a ―tracking inertia‖ manner. 2 Acknowledgements It is difficult to express sufficient gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Vladimir Yurkov for his unfaltering patience, generosity and motivation throughout this entire degree. -
Multiple Genome Sequences Reveal Adaptations of a Phototrophic Bacterium to Sediment Microenvironments
Multiple genome sequences reveal adaptations of a phototrophic bacterium to sediment microenvironments Yasuhiro Odaa, Frank W. Larimerb, Patrick S. G. Chainc,d,e, Stephanie Malfattic,d, Maria V. Shinc,d, Lisa M. Vergezc,d, Loren Hauserb, Miriam L. Landb, Stephan Braatschf, J. Thomas Beattyf, Dale A. Pelletierb, Amy L. Schaefera, and Caroline S. Harwooda,1 aDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195; bGenome Analysis and Systems Modeling, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; cJoint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598; dLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550; eDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824; and fDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada Edited by Robert Haselkorn, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, and approved October 14, 2008 (received for review September 13, 2008) The bacterial genus Rhodopseudomonas is comprised of photo- exist in soils and sediments, but on a microscale that is generally synthetic bacteria found widely distributed in aquatic sediments. too small for human observation. The genus Rhodopseudomonas Members of the genus catalyze hydrogen gas production, carbon consists of photosynthetic Alphaproteobacteria of extreme met- dioxide sequestration, and biomass turnover. The genome se- abolic versatility. Members of the genus are ubiquitous in quence of Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 revealed a sur- temperate aquatic sediments (7–9), and isolates classified as prising richness of metabolic versatility that would seem to explain Rhodopseudomonas spp. can grow with or without light or its ability to live in a heterogeneous environment like sediment. oxygen, fix nitrogen, and have highly developed biodegradation However, there is considerable genotypic diversity among Rhodo- abilities. -
Supplementary Information for Microbial Electrochemical Systems Outperform Fixed-Bed Biofilters for Cleaning-Up Urban Wastewater
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Supplementary information for Microbial Electrochemical Systems outperform fixed-bed biofilters for cleaning-up urban wastewater AUTHORS: Arantxa Aguirre-Sierraa, Tristano Bacchetti De Gregorisb, Antonio Berná, Juan José Salasc, Carlos Aragónc, Abraham Esteve-Núñezab* Fig.1S Total nitrogen (A), ammonia (B) and nitrate (C) influent and effluent average values of the coke and the gravel biofilters. Error bars represent 95% confidence interval. Fig. 2S Influent and effluent COD (A) and BOD5 (B) average values of the hybrid biofilter and the hybrid polarized biofilter. Error bars represent 95% confidence interval. Fig. 3S Redox potential measured in the coke and the gravel biofilters Fig. 4S Rarefaction curves calculated for each sample based on the OTU computations. Fig. 5S Correspondence analysis biplot of classes’ distribution from pyrosequencing analysis. Fig. 6S. Relative abundance of classes of the category ‘other’ at class level. Table 1S Influent pre-treated wastewater and effluents characteristics. Averages ± SD HRT (d) 4.0 3.4 1.7 0.8 0.5 Influent COD (mg L-1) 246 ± 114 330 ± 107 457 ± 92 318 ± 143 393 ± 101 -1 BOD5 (mg L ) 136 ± 86 235 ± 36 268 ± 81 176 ± 127 213 ± 112 TN (mg L-1) 45.0 ± 17.4 60.6 ± 7.5 57.7 ± 3.9 43.7 ± 16.5 54.8 ± 10.1 -1 NH4-N (mg L ) 32.7 ± 18.7 51.6 ± 6.5 49.0 ± 2.3 36.6 ± 15.9 47.0 ± 8.8 -1 NO3-N (mg L ) 2.3 ± 3.6 1.0 ± 1.6 0.8 ± 0.6 1.5 ± 2.0 0.9 ± 0.6 TP (mg -
Close Similarity to Functionally Unrelated Mitochondrial Cytochrome C (Photosynthetic Bacteria/Amino-Acid Sequence/Molecular Evolution) RICHARD P
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 73, No. 2, pp. 472-475, February 1976 Biochemistry Primary structure determination of two cytochromes c2: Close similarity to functionally unrelated mitochondrial cytochrome c (photosynthetic bacteria/amino-acid sequence/molecular evolution) RICHARD P. AMBLER*, TERRANCE E. MEYERt, AND MARTIN D. KAMENt § * Department of Molecular Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, Scotland; tDepartment of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, Calif. 92093; and *Chemical-Biological Development Laboratory, University of Southern Cai ornia, Los Angeles, Calif. 90007 Contributed by Martin D. Kamen, December 12,1975 ABSTRACT The amino-acid sequences of the cyto- We have been studying the amino-acid sequences of the chromes c2 from the photosynthetic non-sulfur purple bacte- Rhodospirillaceae cytochromes c2 and find that they can be ria Rhodomicrobium vannielii and- Rhiodopseudomonas viri- divided at present into at least two groups on the basis of the dis have been determined. Only a single residue deletion (at position 11 in horse cytochrome c) is necessary to align the number of insertions and deletions which must be postulated sequences with those of mitochondrial cytochromes c. The to align them with mitochondrial cytochrome c. One of overall sequence similarity between these cytochromes c2 these, which includes the proteins from Rps. palustris, Rps. and mitochondrial cytochromes c is closer than that between capsulata, Rps. spherotdes (R. P. Ambler, T. E. Meyer, R. G. mitochondrial cytochromes c and the other cytochromes c2 Bartsch, and M. D. Kamen, unpublished results, see ref. 13), of known sequence, and in the latter multiple insertions and as as R. -
Representatives of the Prokaryotic (Chapter 12) and Archaeal (Chapter 13) Domains (Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology
Representatives of the Prokaryotic (Chapter 12) and Archaeal (Chapter 13) Domains (Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology: Kingdom: Procaryotae (9th Edition) XIII Kingdoms p. 351-471 Sectn. Group of Bacteria Subdivisions(s) Brock Text Examples of Genera Gram Stain Morphology (plus distinguishing characteristics) Important Features Phototrophic bacteria Chromatiaceae 356 Purple sulfur bacteria Gram Anoxygenic photosynthesis Bacterial chl. a and b Purple nonsulfur bacteria; photoorganotrophic for reduced nucleotides; oxidize 12.2 Anaerobic (Chromatiun; Allochromatium) Negative Spheres, rods, spirals (S inside or outside)) H2S as electron donor for CO2 anaerobic photosynthesis for ATP Purple Sulfur Bacteria Anoxic - develop well in meromictic lakes - layers - fresh S inside the cells except for Ectothiorhodospira 354 Table 12.2 p.354 above sulfate layers - Figs. 12.4, 12.5 Major membrane structures Fig.12..3 -- light required. Purple Non-Sulfur Rhodospirillales 358 Rhodospirillum, Rhodobacter Gram Diverse morphology from rods (Rhodopseudomonas) to Anoxygenic photosynthesis Bacteria Table 12.3 p. 354, 606 Rhodopseudomonas Negative spirals Fig. 12.6 H2, H2S or S serve as H donor for reduction of CO2; 358 82-83 Photoheterotrophy - light as energy source but also directly use organics 12.3 Nitrifying Bacteria Nitrobacteraceae Nitrosomonas Gram Wide spread , Diverse (rods, cocci, spirals); Aerobic Obligate chemolithotroph (inorganic eN’ donors) 6 Chemolithotrophic (nitrifying bacteria) 361 Nitrosococcus oceani - Fig.12.7 negative ! ammonia [O] = nitrosofyers - (NH3 NO2) Note major membranes Fig. 12,7) 6 359 bacteria Inorganic electron (Table 12.4) Nitrobacterwinograskii - Fig.12.8 ! nitrite [O]; = nitrifyers ;(NO2 NO3) Soil charge changes from positive to negative donors Energy generation is small Difficult to see growth. - Use of silica gel. -
Regulation of Nitrogen Fixation in Rhodospirillum Rubrum Through Proteomics and Beyond
Regulation of nitrogen fixation in Rhodospirillum rubrum Through proteomics and beyond Tiago Toscano Selão ©Tiago Toscano Selão, Stockholm 2010 ISBN 978-91-7447-125-0, pp 1 – 71 Printed in Sweden by US-AB, Stockholm 2010 Distributor: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Cover image: Three-dimensional rendering of the Gaussian peaks for a 2D-PAGE gel, generated using PDQuest 7.3.0. Dedicado aos meus pais e à memória dos meus avós. Publication list The work presented on this thesis is based on the following publications, referred to in the text by the corresponding Roman numerals: I – Selão, T. T. , Nordlund, S. and Norén, A. ”Comparative proteomic studies in Rhodospirillum rubrum grown under different nitrogen conditions”, J Prot Res , 2008, 7: p. 3267-75 II – Teixeira, P. F.*, Selão, T. T. *, Henriksson, V., Wang, H., Norén, A. and Nordlund, S. ”Diazotrophic growth of Rhodospirillum rubrum with 2-oxoglutarate as sole carbon source affects the regulation of nitrogen metabolism as well as the soluble proteome”, Res. Microb., 2010, in press III – Selão, T. T. , Branca, R., Lehtiö, J., Chae, P. S., Gellman, S. H., Rasmussen, S., Nordlund, S. and Norén, A. ”Identification of the chromatophore membrane complexes formed under different nitrogen conditions in Rhodospirillum rubrum ”, submitted IV – Selão, T. T. *, Teixeira, P. F.* and Nordlund, S. ”The activity of dinitrogenase reductase ADP-ribosyltransferase of Rhodospirillum rubrum is controlled through reversible complex formation with the PII protein GlnB”, manuscript V – Selão, T. T. , Edgren, T., Wang, H., Norén, A. and Nordlund, S. ”The effect of pyruvate on the metabolic regulation of nitrogenase activity in Rhodospirillum rubrum with darkness as switch-off effector”, submitted * Authors contributed equally Additional publications Vintila, S., Selão, T. -
Characterization of Cellular, Biochemical and Genomic Features of the Diazotrophic Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium Azospirillum
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.06.442973; this version posted May 7, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Characterization of cellular, biochemical and genomic features of the 2 diazotrophic plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum sp. UENF- 3 412522, a novel member of the Azospirillum genus 4 5 Gustavo L. Rodriguesa,*, Filipe P. Matteolia,*, Rajesh K. Gazaraa, Pollyanna S. L. Rodriguesb, 6 Samuel T. dos Santosb, Alice F. Alvesb,c, Francisnei Pedrosa-Silvaa, Isabella Oliveira-Pinheiroa, 7 Daniella Canedo-Alvarengaa, Fabio L. Olivaresb,c,#, Thiago M. Venancioa,# 8 9 a Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e 10 Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Brazil; b Núcleo 11 de Desenvolvimento de Insumos Biológicos para a Agricultura (NUDIBA), UENF, Brazil; c 12 Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, UENF, Brazil. * 13 Contributed equally to this work. 14 15 # Corresponding authors: 16 Thiago M. Venancio; Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de 17 Biociências e Biotecnologia, UENF; Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, P5 / sala 217; Campos dos 18 Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]. 19 20 Fabio L. Olivares: Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e 21 Biotecnologia, UENF, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]. -
Core Bacterial Taxon from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY crossm Casimicrobium huifangae gen. nov., sp. nov., a Ubiquitous “Most-Wanted” Core Bacterial Taxon from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants Yang Song,a,b,c,d,g Cheng-Ying Jiang,a,b,c,d Zong-Lin Liang,a,b,c,g Bao-Jun Wang,a Yong Jiang,e Ye Yin,f Hai-Zhen Zhu,a,b,c,g Ya-Ling Qin,a,b,c,g Rui-Xue Cheng,a Zhi-Pei Liu,a,b,c,d Yao Liu,e Tao Jin,f Philippe F.-X. Corvini,h Korneel Rabaey,i Downloaded from Ai-Jie Wang,a,d,g Shuang-Jiang Liua,b,c,d,g aKey Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology at Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China bState Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources at Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China cEnvironmental Microbiology Research Center at Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China dRCEES-IMCAS-UCAS Joint-Lab of Microbial Technology for Environmental Science, Beijing, China eBeijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, China f BGI-Qingdao, Qingdao, China http://aem.asm.org/ gUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China hUniversity of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland iCenter for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Yang Song and Cheng-Ying Jiang contributed equally to this work. Author order was determined by drawing straws. ABSTRACT Microorganisms in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play a key role in the removal of pollutants from municipal and industrial wastewaters. A recent study estimated that activated sludge from global municipal WWTPs har- on June 19, 2020 by guest bors 1 ϫ 109 to 2 ϫ 109 microbial species, the majority of which have not yet been cultivated, and 28 core taxa were identified as “most-wanted” ones (L. -
Deoxyribonucleic Acid Base Sequence Homologies of Some Budding and Prosthecate Bacterla RICHARD L
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY, Apr. 1972, p. 256-261 Vol. 110, No. 1 Copyright © 1972 American Society for Microbiology Printed in U.S.A. Deoxyribonucleic Acid Base Sequence Homologies of Some Budding and Prosthecate Bacterla RICHARD L. MOORE' AND PETER HIRSCH2 Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823 Received for publication 21 December 1971 The genetic relatedness of a number of budding and prosthecate bacteria was determined by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) homology experiments of the di- rect binding type. Strains of Hyphomicrobium sp. isolated from aquatic habi- tats were found to have relatedness values ranging from 9 to 70% with strain "EA-617," a subculture of the Hyphomicrobium isolated by Mevius from river water. Strains obtained from soil enrichments had lower values with EA-617, ranging from 3 to 5%. Very little or no homology was detected between the amino acid-utilizing strain Hyphomicrobium neptunium and other Hyphomi- crobium strains, although significant homology was observed with the two Hyphomonas strains examined. No homology could be detected between pros- thecate bacteria of the genera Rhodomicrobium, Prosthecomicrobium, Ancal- omicrobium, or Caulobacter, and Hyphomicrobium strain EA-617 or H. nep- tunium LE-670. The grouping of Hyphomicrobium strains by their relatedness values agrees well with a grouping according to the base composition of their DNA species. It is concluded that bacteria possessing cellular extensions repre- sent a widely diverse group of organisms. Two genera of bacteria, Hyphomicrobium drum, P. pneumaticum, Ancalomicrobium adetum, and Rhodomicrobium, are listed under the and Caulobacter crescentus were obtained from J. T. family of Hyphomicrobiaceae in the seventh Staley (Seattle); Rhodomicrobium vannielii was re- edition of Bergey's Manual of Determinative ceived from H. -
Chemosynthetic Symbiont with a Drastically Reduced Genome Serves As Primary Energy Storage in the Marine Flatworm Paracatenula
Chemosynthetic symbiont with a drastically reduced genome serves as primary energy storage in the marine flatworm Paracatenula Oliver Jäcklea, Brandon K. B. Seaha, Målin Tietjena, Nikolaus Leischa, Manuel Liebekea, Manuel Kleinerb,c, Jasmine S. Berga,d, and Harald R. Gruber-Vodickaa,1 aMax Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany; bDepartment of Geoscience, University of Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; cDepartment of Plant & Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695; and dInstitut de Minéralogie, Physique des Matériaux et Cosmochimie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France Edited by Margaret J. McFall-Ngai, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, and approved March 1, 2019 (received for review November 7, 2018) Hosts of chemoautotrophic bacteria typically have much higher thrive in both free-living environmental and symbiotic states, it is biomass than their symbionts and consume symbiont cells for difficult to attribute their genomic features to either functions nutrition. In contrast to this, chemoautotrophic Candidatus Riegeria they provide to their host, or traits that are necessary for envi- symbionts in mouthless Paracatenula flatworms comprise up to ronmental survival or to both. half of the biomass of the consortium. Each species of Paracate- The smallest genomes of chemoautotrophic symbionts have nula harbors a specific Ca. Riegeria, and the endosymbionts have been observed for the gammaproteobacterial symbionts of ves- been vertically transmitted for at least 500 million years. Such icomyid clams that are directly transmitted between host genera- prolonged strict vertical transmission leads to streamlining of sym- tions (13, 14). Such strict vertical transmission leads to substantial biont genomes, and the retained physiological capacities reveal and ongoing genome reduction. -
Research Collection
Research Collection Doctoral Thesis Development and application of molecular tools to investigate microbial alkaline phosphatase genes in soil Author(s): Ragot, Sabine A. Publication Date: 2016 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010630685 Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library DISS. ETH NO.23284 DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF MOLECULAR TOOLS TO INVESTIGATE MICROBIAL ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE GENES IN SOIL A thesis submitted to attain the degree of DOCTOR OF SCIENCES of ETH ZURICH (Dr. sc. ETH Zurich) presented by SABINE ANNE RAGOT Master of Science UZH in Biology born on 25.02.1987 citizen of Fribourg, FR accepted on the recommendation of Prof. Dr. Emmanuel Frossard, examiner PD Dr. Else Katrin Bünemann-König, co-examiner Prof. Dr. Michael Kertesz, co-examiner Dr. Claude Plassard, co-examiner 2016 Sabine Anne Ragot: Development and application of molecular tools to investigate microbial alkaline phosphatase genes in soil, c 2016 ⃝ ABSTRACT Phosphatase enzymes play an important role in soil phosphorus cycling by hydrolyzing organic phosphorus to orthophosphate, which can be taken up by plants and microorgan- isms. PhoD and PhoX alkaline phosphatases and AcpA acid phosphatase are produced by microorganisms in response to phosphorus limitation in the environment. In this thesis, the current knowledge of the prevalence of phoD and phoX in the environment and of their taxonomic distribution was assessed, and new molecular tools were developed to target the phoD and phoX alkaline phosphatase genes in soil microorganisms.