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Identification of Collected Cockroaches from Ahvaz Hospitals, South- West of Iran

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Identification of Collected Cockroaches from Ahvaz Hospitals, South- West of Iran J. Exp. Zool. India Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 709-710, 2013 ISSN 0972-0030 IDENTIFICATION OF COLLECTED COCKROACHES FROM AHVAZ HOSPITALS, SOUTH- WEST OF IRAN Abdughani Ameri1, Babak Vazirianzadeh2, Behzad Ehdaei3, Hossein Motamedi4, Zeinab Arab Sadeghabadi5, Mohsen Ghanbari3, Nersi Nasirabadi4,6 and Akbar Asmar7 1Department of Drug and Food Control Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. 2Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, and Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. 3Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. 4Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran. 5Department of Microbiology Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran. 6Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. 7Faculty of Para-Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. e mail: [email protected] (Accepted 10 June 2013) ABSTRACT- Cockroaches act as an important mechanical or biological vector for lots of pathogenic microorganism agents. The aim of this study was to identify the major cockroach species in hospital environments in Ahvaz, capital of Khuzestan province, Iran. Totally, 7 hospitals and one private clinic of Ahvaz were investigated to collect the cockroaches using hand catch method. Totally, 76 cockroaches were collected from different parts of Ahvaz hospitals and one private clinic in the present study. They were identified as 4 species of cockroaches. From the data of this study it is concluded that the major collected cockroach species from Ahvaz hospitals are similar to the same studies of Iran. Key words : Identification, cockroach, Ahwaz, Iran. INTRODUCTION cockroaches of Ahvaz hospitals (Fakoorziba et al, 2010; There are more than 4000 known species of Vahabi et al, 2011). cockroaches over the world, however less than 40 of them are very close to human dwellings. The aim of this study was, therefore, to identify the major cockroach species in hospital environments in Ahvaz, Cockroaches, Blattodea order insects, act as an capital of Khuzestan province. important mechanical or biological vector for lots of pathogenic microorganism agents, including bacteria, MATERIALS AND METHODS protozoa, worms, fungi, and viruses amongst humans and This study was carried out in Ahvaz (31°192 133 N animals (Tatfeg et al, 2005; Salehhzadeh et al, 2007; 48°402 093 E) as a part of the central coordination Vazirianzadeh et al, 2009; Adeleke et al, 2012; Nejati et Khuzestan (31.3273°N 48.6940°E), capital of Khuzestan, al, 2012). They can transmit different microorganisms, a south-western province of Iran from during April 2013 special medically important bacteria in the hospitals to July 2013. (Fakoorziba et al, 2010). Totally, 7 hospitals and one private clinic of Ahvaz Therefore, reducing and eradication of their population were investigated to collect the cockroaches. The hand have been considered as one of the most medical important catch method (using glove) was used to collect the insects around the world. One of the most important steps cockroach samples from different parts of Ahvaz hospitals. to do an approach of pest management is the identification The samples were transported into sterile containers to of pest species. Because each species has own ecology the medical entomology lab, school of public health, Ahvaz and biology that effect the kind of selected control Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences. They were measures (FAO, 2013). identified using Cochran and Department of Entomology However, a few studies have been performed on and Nematology University of Florida keys by species identifying cockroaches from hospitals of Iran, but there level (Cochran, 1999; Department of Entomology and is not available a comprehensive study regarding Nematology of University Florida, 2013). 710 Abdughani Ameri et al RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Ahvaz, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Totally, 76 cockroaches were collected from different Ahwaz, Iran and Eng. Sina Hemmatpour because of their parts of Ahvaz hospitals and one private clinic in the present supporting during the current research. study. They were identified as 4 species of cockroaches This research, as a part of a Pharmacy Doctorate including: American cockroach, Periplaneta americana thesis, has been financial supported by Department of (Blattodea: Blattidae), German cockroach, Blatella Research Affairs and Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz germanica (Blattodea: Blatellida), Oriental cockroach, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran. Blatta orientalis (Blattodea: Blattidae) and brown-banded REFERENCES cockroach, Supella longipalpa (Blattodea: Ectobiidae). Adeleke M A, Akatah H A, Hassan A O, Sam-Wobo S O, Famodimu T Frequencies of collected cockroaches were obtained M , Olatunde G O and Mafiana C F (2012) Implication of as: 45 (59.21%) of P. americana, 17 (22.37%) of B. cockroaches as vectors of gastrointestinal parasites in parts of orientalis , 10 (13.16%) of B. germanica and 4(5.26%) Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria. Mun. Ent. Zool. 7, 1106-1110. of S. longipalpa. Cochran D G (1999) World Health Organization communicable diseases prevention and control WHO pesticide evaluation scheme Results of the current study showed that the most (WHOPES) 85. frequent species which were collected in this study was Department of Entomology and Nematology of University Florida (2013) American cockroach followed by oriental cockroach. These A literature-based dichotomous key for the identification of the results are not accordance to some faunistic studies that cockroach fauna (Insecta : Blattodea) of Florida insect B. germanica have been showed as the most frequent classification exercise. http://www.entnemdept.ufl.edu/choate/ blattaria_new1.pdf. species in the human dwellings of Iran followed by P. Fakoorziba M R, Eghbal F, Hassanzadeh J and Moemenbellah- Fard M americana (Vahabi et al, 2011; Fakoorziba et al, 2011). D (2010) Cockroaches (Periplaneta americana and Blattella However, our study is accordance to the study of germanica) as potential vectors of the pathogenic bacteria found cockroaches of Tehran hospitals, which P. americana in nosocomial infections. Annals Trop Med Parasit. 104, 521- has been reported as the most frequent species followed 528. by B. orientalis and B. germanica (Zarchi and Vatani, FAO (2013) Principles and theory of integrated pest management. http:/ 2009). Another similarity between two studies are in the /www.fao.org/docrep/x5048e/x5048e07.htm. reporting of B. orientalis as one of the major cockroaches Nejati J, Keyhani A , Moosa-Kazemi SH, Mohammadi M, Mahjoob M in the hospitals. and Boostanbakhsh (2012) Cockroaches’ bacterial infections in wards of hospitals, Hamedan city, west of Iran. Asian Pac. J. Another important point in the current study is the Trop. Dis. 2, 381-384. reporting of S. longipalpa from hospital environmental. Salehzadeh A, Tavacol P and Mahjub H (2007) Bacterial, fungal and This species usually has been reported from kitchen areas parasitic contamination of cockroaches in public hospitals of of houses in Ahvaz as the carrier of some medical Hamadan, Iran. J. Vect. Borne Dis. 44, 105–110. important bacteria which addressed to antibiotic resistance. Tatfeg Y M, Usuanle A, Orukpe A, Digban A K, Okodua A, Oviasogie Therefore, its extension to environmental of hospitals is a F and Turray A A (2005) Mechanical transmission of pathogenic organisms: the role of cockroaches. J. V. Borne Dis. 42, 129- medical important point (Vazirianzadeh et al, in press). 134. The last point that should be considered is that all the Vahabi A, Shemshad K, Mohammadi P, Sayyadi M, Shemshad M and investigated hospitals were infested with the cockroaches, Rafinejad J (2011) Microbiological study of domestic cockroaches however, the rate of infestation including the species were in human dwelling localities. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 5, 5790-5792. found various in the different hospitals. Vazirianzadeh B, Dehghani R, Mehdinejad M, Sharififard M and Nasirabadi N (2013) The first report of drug resistant bacteria CONCLUSION isolated from brown-banded cockroach, Supella longipalpa From the data of this study, it is concluded that the (Blattodea : Ectobiidae), Ahvaz, sw Iran. J. Arthropod Borne Dis. (in press). major collected cockroach species from Ahvaz hospitals are similar to the same studies of Iran. However the main Vazirianzadeh B, Mehdinejad M and Dehghani R (2009) Identification of bacteria which possible transmitted by Polyphaga aegyptica species was P. americana in the current study. As all the (Blattodea: Blattidae) in the region of Ahvaz, S W Iran. investigated hospitals and the clinic, the reducing and Jundishapur J. Microbiol. 2, 36-40. eradication measures should be applied to decrease the Zarchi A A and Vatani H A (2009) Survey on species and prevalence cockroach population. rate of bacterial agents isolated from cockroaches in three hospitals. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 9, 197-200. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We are very grateful to Dr. Eskandar Moghimipour, dean of Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Heath Centre of.
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