DOCSLIB.ORG

Western Monarch Butterfly Conservation Plan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Western Monarch Butterfly Conservation Plan Western Monarch Butterfly Conservation Plan Sponsored by the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 2019-2069 Western Monarch Working Group TAYLOR COTTEN ANN POTTER Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife JIM DEVOS DAYDRE ROSER Arizona Game and Fish Department California Department of Fish and Wildlife CHRIS KELEHER HELEN SWAGERTY Utah Department of Natural Resources California Department of Fish and Wildlife STAFFORD LEHR LEONA SVANCARA California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Executive Idaho Department of Fish and Game Sponsor PAUL THOMPSON SAMANTHA MARCUM Utah Department of Natural Resources U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Editor KAREN MINER BETH WATERBURY California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Working Idaho Department of Fish and Game, retired Group Chair Graphic Design JENNIFER NEWMARK KELLY KENNEDY YOKOYAMA Nevada Department of Wildlife Sighthound Graphic Design DAVIA PALMERI Recommended citation: Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. 2019. Western monarch butterfly conservation plan, 2019–2069. REX SALLABANKS Version 1.0. Idaho Department of Fish and Game Cover photo credits: MARIA ULLOA BUSTOS Upper left: Volunteers search for adult monarchs as part of Bureau of Land Management a tagging project at Fort Boise Wildlife Management Area, Parma, Idaho. Dusty Perkins/CWI. BILL VAN PELT Upper right: Overwintering cluster of monarchs at Pismo Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Beach State Park. Ryan Hagerty/USFWS. MINDY WHEELER Bottom: Composite photos of monarchs and showy milkweed. Utah Department of Natural Resources Beth Waterbury/IDFG. Contributing Authors CHERI BOUCHER Arizona Game and Fish Department VIKKI FINN U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Region MIKE HOUTS Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies “Delivering conservation through information exchange and working partnerships” WESTERN MONARCH BUTTERFLY CONSERVATION PLAN 2019-2069 i Acknowledgments Monarch butterflies cluster on native Monterey cypress at Pismo Beach State Park, ranked number 1 in the Top 50 list of overwintering sites in California in greatest need of management attention. Ryan Hagerty/USFWS. he Western Monarch Working Group is grateful Hundreds of volunteer citizen scientists have contributed Tto the panel of western monarch researchers who thousands of hours observing, collecting, and recording generously provided their time and energy to this effort: data to increase our collective knowledge of monarchs Elizabeth Crone, Thomas Dilts, Matthew Forister, Sarina in North America. We sincerely thank these individuals, Jepsen, Gail Morris, Emma Pelton, and Cheryl Schultz. organizations, and businesses for their commitment and In addition, selected individuals representing various valuable contributions. We also thank the stakeholders agencies and public sectors provided comments on a who took time to comment on this Plan. preliminary rough draft of the Plan. Their thoughtful review and input was invaluable in refining this final To the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, we Plan. express our gratitude for providing a grant to support the development of this Plan. We also acknowledge and express our appreciation to all monarch researchers, past and present, whose field and laboratory studies have illuminated our understanding of the North American monarch butterfly. ii WESTERN MONARCH BUTTERFLY CONSERVATION PLAN 2019-2069 Executive Summary he monarch butterfly is one of the most familiar monarch range. In contrast to the eastern range, the Tand charismatic insects of North America, western range is distinct in containing overwintering, renowned for its distinctive migratory phenomena and breeding, and migratory habitats comprising the entirety reliance on milkweed, the monarch’s larval host plant. of the monarch’s migratory life cycle. With the exception Once widespread and common throughout its range, of the California wintering sites, critical knowledge gaps populations have undergone significant declines. The still exist on the distribution and quality of monarch western population of monarchs that breeds west of the breeding and migratory habitats and primary threat Rocky Mountains and largely overwinters in coastal factors influencing monarch declines in the western California has declined 74% since the late 1990s. The landscape. much larger eastern population that breeds east of the Rockies and overwinters in Mexico has declined at a The Plan is organized in seven sections as follows: similar rate. Section 1: Introduction and Plan Overview describes the In 2014, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) need, purpose, planning approach, and state authorities was petitioned to list the monarch as a threatened for developing the Plan. species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA). The USFWS found that the petition contained Section 2: Western Monarch Butterfly Ecologyis a primer sufficient information to demonstrate that listing may be on monarch life history, habitat requirements, and warranted and initiated a formal status review to inform population status of western monarchs. their listing decision, anticipated in June 2019. Section 3: Summary of Potential Threat Factors provides Concurrent with the status review, USFWS and an overview of a suite of potential threats impacting the the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies have western monarch population and its habitat. actively promoted collaborative efforts across state, organizational, and landownership boundaries to address Section 4: Current Conservation Efforts summarizes recent threats and opportunities facing monarchs and other and ongoing activities of federal and state agencies, pollinators. In 2017, the Western Association of Fish and NGOs, academia, industry sectors, and citizen scientists Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA) established the Western on behalf of monarch and pollinator conservation. Monarch Working Group (WMWG) to proactively lead a multistate cooperative agenda for conservation Section 5: Monarch Population and Habitat Goals of the western monarch population. If implemented in establishes near term (5-year) measurable objectives a timely manner, WMWG efforts could preclude the for population size and habitat targets with the goal of need to list the monarch under the ESA. This document, reversing western monarch declines and providing for The Western Monarch Butterfly Conservation Plan population growth. Additional short- and long-term (hereafter “Plan”), is intended to articulate and attain goals will be established as crucial data on monarch life WAFWA’s vision to identify and promote a shared set history and habitat selection are attained. of coordinated, ecosystem-based conservation strategies across all partner agencies to achieve the vision of a Section 6: Monarch Conservation Strategies outlines viable western monarch population. approaches to: The Plan currently encompasses the states of Arizona, • Protect and restore overwintering groves, including California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and development of site-specific grove management Washington, which comprise the core of the western plans; and conserve monarch breeding and WESTERN MONARCH BUTTERFLY CONSERVATION PLAN 2019-2069 iii migratory habitats in natural lands, urban and conservation activities in the Plan to identify whether industrial, rights-of-way, and agricultural habitat they are producing the desired results or whether sectors; adjustments in approaches under the adaptive management process are warranted. • Harness the widespread appeal of the monarch to engage eight different audiences in education, This Plan is a call to action. It provides a collaborative conservation, and scientific research programs; framework for action and accountability among state, federal, NGO, academic, private, and local partners • Research priorities for overwintering and breeding/ to advance near-term and long-term objectives to migratory life stages, and monitoring priorities to address and ameliorate threats and ensure improvement track population trends and threat reduction efforts. and long-term persistence of the western monarch population into the foreseeable future (50 years). Plan Section 7: Capacity, Funding, Implementation provides implementation will require public sector engagement summary-level clarity to the question of how WMWG and community-based efforts to reach the population state members will mechanize Plan implementation and habitat goals herein. as a matter of law, funding, and governance structure. This section also describes a framework for monitoring The Idaho Legislature adopted the monarch butterfly as the official State Insect in 1992. Brett Magnuson. iv WESTERN MONARCH BUTTERFLY CONSERVATION PLAN 2019-2069 Contents Acknowledgments ........................................................................ ii SECTION 6: Monarch Conservation Strategies ................... 37 6.1. Overwintering Habitat .................................................. 37 Executive Summary ..................................................................... iii 6.2. Natural Lands .................................................................. 41 Acronyms and Abbreviations Used in this Document .. vii 6.3. Urban and Industrial Development ......................... 46 SECTION 1: Introduction and Plan Overview ..................... 1 6.4. Rights-of-Way ................................................................. 52 1.1. Need ....................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • To: Donita Cotter, Monarch Conservation Strategy Coordinator From: Dr. Benjamin N. Tuggle, Regional Director, Southwest
    To: Donita Cotter, Monarch Conservation Strategy Coordinator From: Dr. Benjamin N. Tuggle, Regional Director, Southwest Region (R2) Subject: Region 2 Monarch Butterfly Conservation Strategy and Action Plan Template Date: November 12, 2014 On 4 September 2014, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Director issued a memorandum to the Service Directorate to develop a Service strategy for monarch conservation addressing plans for habitat restoration and enhancement, education and outreach, and monitoring and research needs. On October 7, the Director sent an email to all Regional Directors challenging them to commit to a goal of 100 Million Monarchs by 2020, and for Region 2 to provide a goal of 20,000 acres of new habitat for monarchs. The Director’s requests followed an agreement among President Obama, President Peña Nieto of Mexico, and Prime Minister Harper of Canada to “establish a working group to ensure the conservation of the Monarch butterfly, a species that symbolizes our association.” Also, on June 20, 2014, President Obama signed a Presidential Memorandum, “Creating a Federal Strategy to Promote the Health of Honey Bees and Other Pollinators,” outlining an expedited agenda to address the devastating declines in honey bees and native pollinators, including the monarch butterfly. Secretary Jewell tasked the Director with convening an interagency High Level Working Group to develop and implement a U.S. strategy for monarch conservation, coordinate our efforts with Mexico and Canada through the Trilateral Committee, and ensure that the monarch strategy is coordinated with development of the Federal Pollinator Strategy and DOI assignments in the Presidential Memo. To accomplish these initiatives and provide information to update the 2008 North American Monarch Conservation Plan by March 2015 and completion of the Federal Pollinator Strategy due to the White House mid-December 2014, the following tasks were specifically requested in the Director’s memorandum: I.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Monarch Conservation Implementation Plan
    2019 Monarch Conservation Implementation Plan Prepared by the Monarch Joint Venture staff and partner organizations. 1 | Page Contents Executive Summary 3 Plan Priorities 4 Monarch Habitat Conservation, Maintenance and Enhancement 4 Education to Enhance Awareness of Monarch Conservation Issues and Opportunities 5 Research and Monitoring to Inform Monarch Conservation Efforts 5 Partnerships and collaboration to advance monarch conservation 5 Monarch Joint Venture Mission and Vision 6 2019 Monarch Conservation Implementation Plan 6 Priority 1: Monarch Habitat Conservation, Maintenance and Enhancement 7 Objective 1: Create, restore, enhance, and maintain habitat on public and private lands. 7 Objective 2: Develop consistent, regionally appropriate Asclepias and nectar resources for habitat enhancement and creation on public and private lands. 15 Objective 3: Address overwintering habitat issues in the United States. 18 Priority 2: Education to Enhance Awareness of Monarch Conservation Issues & Opportunities 19 Objective 1: Raise awareness to increase conservation actions and support for monarchs. 19 Objective 2: Increase learning about monarchs and their habitat in formal and informal settings. 24 Objective 3: Foster networking between stakeholders involved in monarch conservation. 26 Priority 3: Research and Monitoring to Inform Monarch Conservation Efforts 28 Objective 1: Study monarch habitat and population status. 28 Objective 2: Expand citizen science and other monitoring, data exchange, and data analyses to inform conservation efforts.
    [Show full text]
  • 1995-2006 Activities Report
    WILDLIFE WITHOUT BORDERS WILDLIFE WITHOUT BORDERS WITHOUT WILDLIFE M E X I C O The most wonderful mystery of life may well be EDITORIAL DIRECTION Office of International Affairs U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service the means by which it created so much diversity www.fws.gov PRODUCTION from so little physical matter. The biosphere, all Agrupación Sierra Madre, S.C. www.sierramadre.com.mx EDITORIAL REVISION organisms combined, makes up only about one Carole Bullard PHOTOGRAPHS All by Patricio Robles Gil part in ten billion [email protected] Excepting: Fabricio Feduchi, p. 13 of the earth’s mass. [email protected] Patricia Rojo, pp. 22-23 [email protected] Fulvio Eccardi, p. 39 It is sparsely distributed through MEXICO [email protected] Jaime Rojo, pp. 44-45 [email protected] a kilometre-thick layer of soil, Antonio Ramírez, Cover (Bat) On p. 1, Tamul waterfall. San Luis Potosí On p. 2, Lacandon rainforest water, and air stretched over On p. 128, Fisherman. Centla wetlands, Tabasco All rights reserved © 2007, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service a half billion square kilometres of surface. The rights of the photographs belongs to each photographer PRINTED IN Impresora Transcontinental de México EDWARD O. WILSON 1992 Photo: NASA U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE DIVISION OF INTERNATIONAL CONSERVATION WILDLIFE WITHOUT BORDERS MEXICO ACTIVITIES REPORT 1995-2006 U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE At their roots, all things hold hands. & When a tree falls down in the forest, SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE Y RECURSOS NATURALES MEXICO a star falls down from the sky. CHAN K’IN LACANDON ELDER LACANDON RAINFOREST CHIAPAS, MEXICO FOREWORD onservation of biological diversity has truly arrived significant contributions in time, dedication, and C as a global priority.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Biology of Tile Marsh Fritillary Butterfly Euphydryas a Urinia
    CONSERVATION BIOLOGY OF TILE MARSH FRITILLARY BUTTERFLY EUPHYDRYAS A URINIA CAROLINE ROSE BULMAN Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Biology Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation September 2001 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is her own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to Chris Thomas for his constant advice, support, inspiration and above all enthusiasm for this project. Robert Wilson has been especially helpful and I am very grateful for his assistance, in particular with the rPM. Alison Holt and Lucia Galvez Bravo made the many months of fieldwork both productive and enjoyable, for which I am very grateful. Thanks to Atte Moilanen for providing advice and software for the IFM, Otso Ovaskainen for calculating the metapopulation capacity and to Niklas Wahlberg and Ilkka Hanski for discussion. This work would have been impossible without the assistance of the following people andlor organisations: Butterfly Conservation (Martin Warren, Richard Fox, Paul Kirland, Nigel Bourn, Russel Hobson) and Branch volunteers (especially Bill Shreeve and BNM recorders), the Countryside Council for Wales (Adrian Fowles, David Wheeler, Justin Lyons, Andy Polkey, Les Colley, Karen Heppingstall), English Nature (David Sheppard, Dee Stephens, Frank Mawby, Judith Murray), Dartmoor National Park (Norman Baldock), Dorset \)Ji\thife Trust (Sharoii Pd'bot), )eNorI Cornwall Wildlife Trust, Somerset Wildlife Trust, the National Trust, Dorset Environmental Records Centre, Somerset Environmental Records Centre, Domino Joyce, Stephen Hartley, David Blakeley, Martin Lappage, David Hardy, David & Liz Woolley, David & Ruth Pritchard, and the many landowners who granted access permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Hyb-Seq: Combining Target Enrichment and Genome Skimming for Plant Phylogenomics Author(S): Kevin Weitemier, Shannon C
    Hyb-Seq: Combining Target Enrichment and Genome Skimming for Plant Phylogenomics Author(s): Kevin Weitemier, Shannon C. K. Straub, Richard C. Cronn, Mark Fishbein, Roswitha Schmickl, Angela McDonnell, and Aaron Liston Source: Applications in Plant Sciences, 2(9) 2014. Published By: Botanical Society of America DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/apps.1400042 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3732/apps.1400042 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Applications Applications in Plant Sciences 2014 2 ( 9 ): 1400042 in Plant Sciences P ROTOCOL NOTE H YB-SEQ: COMBINING TARGET ENRICHMENT AND GENOME 1 SKIMMING FOR PLANT PHYLOGENOMICS K EVIN W EITEMIER
    [Show full text]
  • Milkweeds of Idaho—And Beyond
    In this issue Milkweeds of Idaho.....................................p.1 Greetings from the President....................p.2 Dates to INPS State News........................................p.3 remember 2012 Annual Meeting in North Idaho........p.6 April 29–May 5: Meet Packard’s Milkvetch..........................p.8 Native Plant Appreciation Week Digitizing Herbarium Specimens .............p.10 May 25: 2012 Native Edible and Poisonous Plants.....................p.17 Plant Conservation Initiative (NPCI) grant pre-proposal deadline (see p.3) Milkweeds of Idaho—and Beyond June 22–24: INPS Annual Meeting in By Sonja Lewis and James Riser II North Idaho (see p.6) Which plant genus has flowers as strange and complex as the orchids? White Pine Chapter was treated to the fascinating details of Asclepias, the milkweeds, at its February 23rd meeting July 12-15: 5th Annual by James Riser, who is also chapter president. He presented information from his doctoral Botanical Foray, Paris studies, giving us the lowdown on milkweeds’ diverse locales, insect interactions, differing plant Canyon morphologies, surprising reproductive structures and strategies, and interesting relatives. The milkweed family, formerly known as Asclepidaceae, is now in the Apocynaceae, which also includes Apocynum androsaemifolium, spreading dogbane, which is common locally. Many milkweed species are showy, including some of the six that are native to Idaho. All are intriguing! The Asclepias genus (milkweed) is known for its milky sap, the silky-haired parachutes attached to its seeds, and as being the essential food of monarch butterfly larvae. Indeed only the native milkweeds, not the introduced ones, can sustain monarch larvae and enable the build-up of toxic cardiac glycosides that cause birds and other vertebrates to avoid the adult butterfly.
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape-Scale Conservation for Butterflies and Moths Lessons from the UK Landscape-Scale Conservation for Butterflies and Moths: Lessons from the UK
    Landscape-scale conservation for butterflies and moths Lessons from the UK Landscape-scale conservation for butterflies and moths: lessons from the UK Landscape-scale conservation for butterflies and moths | 1 Landscape-scale conservation for butterflies and moths: lessons from the UK by Sam Ellis, Nigel Bourn and Caroline Bulman This report would not have been possible without the significant support of the national Government Agencies: Natural England, Scottish Natural Heritage and Countryside Council for Wales, as well as the Esmée Fairbairn Foundation, who together grant-aided the development of most of our landscape-scale projects. We are also indebted to the volunteers who have contributed to these projects, including those from some of Butterfly Conservation’s network of 31 Branches around the UK, but also from our many partner organisations. We are also grateful to all the landowners and land managers who have allowed Butterfly Conservation, its contractors and volunteers access to their land to enable project delivery. Special thanks are due to: Karen Aylward (Natural England), Norman Baldock (Dartmoor National Park Authority), Anja Borsje (previous Two Moors Threatened Butterfly ProjectOfficer, Butterfly Conservation), Gill Barter (Countryside Council for Wales), Steve Batt (Warwickshire Wildlife Trust), Frank Berney (University of Sunderland), Richard Boles (Forestry Commission England), Rona Charles (North York Moors National Park Authority), Mike Clark, Paul Dunn (Glamorgan Heritage Coast), Mike Enfield (Kent Wildlife Trust),
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plant Flora of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument Phase II Report
    Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plant Flora of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument Phase II Report By Dr. Terri Hildebrand Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT and Dr. Walter Fertig Moenave Botanical Consulting, Kanab, UT Colorado Plateau Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit Agreement # H1200-09-0005 1 May 2012 Prepared for Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument Southern Utah University National Park Service Mojave Network TABLE OF CONTENTS Page # Introduction . 4 Study Area . 6 History and Setting . 6 Geology and Associated Ecoregions . 6 Soils and Climate . 7 Vegetation . 10 Previous Botanical Studies . 11 Methods . 17 Results . 21 Discussion . 28 Conclusions . 32 Acknowledgments . 33 Literature Cited . 34 Figures Figure 1. Location of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 5 Figure 2. Ecoregions and 2010-2011 collection sites in Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 8 Figure 3. Soil types and 2010-2011 collection sites in Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 9 Figure 4. Increase in the number of plant taxa confirmed as present in Grand Canyon- Parashant National Monument by decade, 1900-2011 . 13 Figure 5. Southern Utah University students enrolled in the 2010 Plant Anatomy and Diversity course that collected during the 30 August 2010 experiential learning event . 18 Figure 6. 2010-2011 collection sites and transportation routes in Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument in northern Arizona . 22 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page # Tables Table 1. Chronology of plant-collecting efforts at Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument . 14 Table 2. Data fields in the annotated checklist of the flora of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument (Appendices A, B, C, and D) .
    [Show full text]
  • Butterfly Conservation's Uk Conservation Strategy 2025
    BUTTERFLY CONSERVATION’S UK CONSERVATION STRATEGY 2025 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 3 2. WHY CONSERVE BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS? ........................................................................ 3 3. THE DECLINING STATUS OF BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS ...................................................... 3 3.1 Species Trends ............................................................................................................................. 4 3.2 Grouped Species Trends .............................................................................................................. 4 4. DRIVERS OF DECLINE ................................................................................................................. 6 5. HABITAT SPECIALISTS AND WIDER COUNTRYSIDE SPECIES .............................................. 7 5.1 Conserving Habitat Specialist Species ......................................................................................... 8 5.2 Conserving Wider Countryside Species ....................................................................................... 8 6. SPECIES RECOVERY STRATEGY AND THE SPECIES RECOVERY CURVE ........................ 10 6.1 STATUS ASSESSMENT (Stage 1): PRIORITISING THREATENED SPECIES........................ 12 6.1.1 Assessing UK Threat Priority using Distribution and Abundance Criteria ........................... 12 6.1.2 Changing Threat Status of UK Butterflies ...........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Buglife Strategy 2021-2030
    Buglife Strategy 2021-2030 The winning image in the ‘Aquatic Bugs’ category 2020. A diamond squid, shot in Siladen, Indonesia during a blackwater dive © Galice Hoarau Cover photo - An acorn weevil Curculio glandium takes flight, first place in the ‘Beetles’ category 2020 © Christian Brockes Buglife - The Invertebrate Conservation Trust is a company limited by guarantee, Registered in England at The Lindens, 86 Lincoln Rd, Peterborough, PE1 2SN Company no. 4132695 Registered charity no. 1092293 Scottish charity no. SC040004 President – Germaine Greer Chairman – Steve Ormerod Chief Executive – Matt Shardlow Contents Why bugs need Buglife ............................................................................................................ 3 Buglife’s identity ..................................................................................................................... 4 Our Vision ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Our Mission ................................................................................................................................... 4 Our Strapline ................................................................................................................................. 4 Our Character ................................................................................................................................ 4 Buglife’s outcomes .................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Western Monarch Butterfly Conservation Plan 2018-2068
    DRAFT 2018Westmonarchpubliccommdft.20181105 DRAFT WESTERN MONARCH BUTTERFLY CONSERVATION PLAN 2018-2068 Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies October 2018 DRAFT 2018Westmonarchpubliccommdft.20181105 DRAFT Western Monarch Butterfly Conservation Plan 2018–2068 Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Prepared by Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Western Monarch Working Group Taylor Cotten – Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Jim DeVos – Arizona Game and Fish Department Chris Keleher – Utah Department of Natural Resources Stafford Lehr – California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Executive Sponsor Samantha Marcum – U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Karen Miner – California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Working Group Chair Jennifer Newmark – Nevada Department of Wildlife Davia Palmeri – Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Rex Sallabanks – Idaho Department of Fish and Game Maria Ulloa Bustos – Bureau of Land Management Bill Van Pelt – Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Mindy Wheeler – Utah Division of Wildlife Resources Contributing Authors Cheri Boucher – Arizona Game and Fish Department Vikki Finn – U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Region Mike Houts – Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Ann Potter – Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Daydre Roser – California Department of Fish and Wildlife Helen Swagerty – California Department of Fish and Wildlife Leona Svancara – Idaho Department of Fish and Game Paul Thompson – Utah Department of Natural Resources Editor: Beth Waterbury – Idaho Department of Fish and Game, retired Recommended citation: Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. 2018. Western monarch butterfly conservation plan, 2018– 2068. Version 1.0. Cover photo credits: Left: Adult monarchs nectaring on showy milkweed. Photo: Idaho Department of Fish and Game.
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape-Scale Conservation of Farmland Moths
    CHAPTER 8 Landscape-scale conservation of farmland moths Thomas Merckx and David W. Macdonald When through the old oak forest I am gone, Let me not wander in a barren dream John Keats, On Sitting Down to Read King Lear Once Again. 8.1 Scope of agri-environment schemes the ecosystem services (such as crop pollination, pest control, water retention, and soil protection) provided Biodiversity has declined substantially throughout by the adjoining non-farmed land. Nevertheless, some much of the European wider countryside. The most biodiversity of the original ecosystems may be re- promising tools to reverse these declines are widely tained within farmland ecosystems, its amount heavily thought to be agri-environment schemes (AES) (Don- dependent on the spatial extent and degree of farm- ald and Evans 2006). These governmental schemes land intensification. Indeed, although species typic- provide financial rewards for ‘environmentally ally ‘prefer’ one ecosystem, they often occur in, and friendly’ methods of farmland management. However, use resources from, neighbouring ecosystems (Pereira AES do not always produce significant biodiversity and Daily 2006; Dennis 2010). As such, many species benefits (Kleijn et al. 2006; Batáry et al. 2010). For ex- may manage to persist within farmland systems, with ample, in the UK, the broad and shallow ‘Entry Level at least some of them, such as the speckled wood Pa- Stewardship’ has often been unrewarding for wildlife rarge aegeria, originally a woodland butterfly, adapting (e.g. Davey et al. 2010, but see Baker et al. 2012), but, to these ‘novel’ ecosystems (Merckx et al. 2003). As a in many cases, the more targeted ‘higher level’ scheme result, extensively farmed systems can often be char- has exceeded expectations (Jeremy Thomas, pers.
    [Show full text]