ISSN 2321 3361 © 2020 IJESC Research Article Volume 10 Issue No.4 Vehicle Scheduled Simulation at Irinjalakuda Junction using Anylogic Leena Samuel Panackel1, Anagha R. Nath2, Anitha Jose3, Arya S. M.4, Avanthika B.5 Assistant Professor1, B.E Student2, 3, 4, 5 Department of Civil Engineering Federal Institute of Science and Technology, Ernakulam, India I. INTRODUCTION Irinjalakuda district congestion studies are made at main two junctions where SH 61 and SH 22 intersects. Rising traffic congestion is an inescapable condition in large cities and peak hour traffic congestion is an inherent • Tana junction where Irinjalakuda-Kodungallur Rd, Thrissur result. The alarming issue is that in spite of many of the Rd, Railway Station Rd and Irinjalakuda Main Rd intersects. remedies that are tested out to reduce the traffic congestion, there has not been any major improvement in this aspect. The •Chandakunnu Junction where Potta- Moonupeedika Highway, traffic is only getting worse with every passing year. Hence to Market Rd intersects with Irinjalakuda –Kodungallur Rd. optimize the performance and efficiency of the movement of people, goods, and transportation, traffic engineering 3. DATAS COLLECTED comes into place. Traffic engineering is a branch of civil engineering that uses engineering techniques to achieve the 3.1 Road Inventory Survey safe and efficient movement of people and goods on roadways. This survey is carried out initially to study the road features. In It focuses mainly on research for safe and efficient traffic flow, order to find the width of pavement and shoulder. To obtain a such as road geometry, sidewalks and crosswalks, cycling base plan of the area, a total station survey was conducted. infrastructure, traffic signs, road surface markings and traffic Details regarding the radius of curvature and the sight distance lights. The traffic problems at peak hours is to be controlled. are also important as the project area are two intersections Tanacentre and Chandakunnu Junction (two junctions separated by a distance of 500m) of Irinjalakuda town is taken into 3.2 Traffic Volume study account in our paper. Intersections are important part of a road Traffic volume is expressed as the number of vehicles that section. When provided without any proper traffic control cross a given transverse line of road during unit time. measures they end up with congestion and bottlenecks. The Determination of volume of each vehicle class separately to traffic conflictions are major on intersections of two roads. find total volume is called classified traffic volume studies. Most of the accident cases found from Irinjalakuda Police Each vehicle class is converted to passenger car unit (PCU). As Station was from these two intersections. In order to find the the traffic flow is dynamic, it is studied by recording direction existing traffic problems, several studies on traffic volume, wise counts of each vehicle class at selected intervals. Traffic accident, speed and pedestrian volume were collected from volume studies are conducted to decide priority of road for both the junctions. The main problems found at the junctions improvement design of road way facilities and to compute road were absence of traffic light, unavailability of parking space, capacity. It is also used for analysis of traffic patterns and, plan improper road markings, lack of pedestrian amenities and lack traffic operation, design of pavements and signal timings, etc. of sight distance. Due to heterogeneous traffic flow and These data can help identify critical flow time periods, reckless driving of people, it is very difficult to control the determine the influence of large vehicles or pedestrians on traffic in our towns and cities. So traffic signal is selected as vehicular traffic flow, or document traffic volume trends. one of the best alternative to regulate the vehicle movement and Video graphy method is used for volume count. avoid the conflictions of the vehicles at the intersection and also helps the traffic to move with safety and easily. As a 3.3 Accident study solution to the high traffic congestion during the peak hours at Road accident data is the base measure of safety and without it Tana Centre, we have planned to install a traffic signal. The the scale and nature of road safety problems cannot be aim of this paper is to determine the efficiency of the installed established with certainty.The purpose of crash data is to help traffic signal, using Anylogic software. decision-makers understand the nature, causes, and injury outcomes of crashes. This information provides context for the 2. AREA OF STUDY design of strategies and interventions that will reduce crashes and their consequences. The accident data for five years Irinjalakuda town is located about 25 km from Thrissur city, (2015-2019) were collected from Irinjalakuda police station. It the headquarters of Thrissur district. Being a part of Thrissur was found that most of the accidents at Irinjalakuda occurs at Lok Sabha constituency, Irinjalakuda is a revenue division and Tana junction. the headquarters of Irinjalakuda Taluk. Now the municipality has 41 wards and it is a Grade 2 muncipality. It is known for 3.4 Speed study the KoodalmanikyamTemple & the Thachudaya Kaimals who A speed survey is the tool we use to determine what had princely status until 1971.It is an emerging suburb of the speed limit should be for a particular section of roadway. Thrissur city. Speed studies are necessary because actual speed of vehicles on IJESC, April 2020 25488 http:// ijesc.org/ a particular road may vary depending on various factors such as subtractions to a road network. geometric features, traffic conditions, time, and site conditions. Speed of travel on the roads is used in classifying routes as • Throughout analysis, including generating statics for highways, arterials, collectors and local streets. Level of congestion and traffic jams. service based on speed is an indicator of quality of traffic flow or mobility. • Traffic light timing and sequencing to develop system wide optimization 3.5 Pedestrian study A clear understanding of pedestrian crossing behavior under • The integration of public objects and buildings into road mixed traffic conditions is needed for providing necessary networks, traffic impact assessment. infrastructure and also for enhancing pedestrian safety at signalized intersections. There are many problems related to 5. WEBSTER METHOD OF TRAFFIC SIGNAL DESIGN the safety security of pedestrians. The number of pedestrians crossing the major street must be 150 or more pedestrians/hr to Webster method of signal is an analytical approach of satisfy warrant for signal installation. Peak hour pedestrian determining the optimum cycle time (c0) corresponding to movements at both the junctions are counted from the video minimum total delay of all the vehicles at the approach road of graph. the intersection. The field work consist of determining the following sets of value on each approach near the intersection. 4. ANYLOGIC SOFTWARE 1)The normal flow,q on each approach during the design hour. AnyLogic is a leading simulation modelling software for business applications, utilized worldwide by over 40% of 2)The saturation flow,S per unit time. Fortune 100 companies. Anylogic simulation models enables analysts, engineers, and managers to gain deeper insights and The normal flow values are determined from field studies optimize complex systems and processes across a world range conducted during the peak 15 minutes period or design of industries. AnyLogic is a multimethod simulation modeling hour.The saturation flow values are taken from IRCcode for tool developed by the AnyLogic Company (former XJ signal design based on the width of the roads meeting at the Technologies). It supports agent-based, discrete event, and intersection. In the case of mixed flow traffic, it is necessary to system dynamic simulation methodologies. Anylogic is a covert the different classes of the vehicles in the terms of cross-platform simulation software designed exclusively for suitable PCU values at the signalized junction.The normal flow Windows, macOS, and Linux. AnyLogic simulation modeling of the traffic on approach roads may also be determined by provides a Road Traffic Library, enabling traffic flow conducting field studies during the off-peak hours to design simulation with the power to deliver the most efficient road different sets of signal timings during the period of the day traffic engineering and design. We have used AnyLogic also,as required so as to provide different signal settings. Version 8.5.2. Clear visualizations quickly aid development, with density maps highlighting congestion, and animations c0 = (1.5L+5) / (1-Y).... demonstrating traffic flow and bottlenecks. The freedom to L = Total lost time per cycle,sec = 2n+R... experiment, and the ability to optimize accurate models, with n = all red time or amber time traffic simulation software, provides the best platform for n = no of phases success in road traffic planning and engineering. Y = y1+y2... y1 = q1/s1... AnyLogic is used for: y2 = q2/s2... G1 = (y1/Y) (c0-L) • Traffic planning, the simulation of changes, additions, or G2 = (y2/Y) (c0-L) Table.1. Vehicular volume Routes Count in PCU/hr From Towards Chalakkudy Kodungallur 373 Thrissur 322 Koodalmanikyam temple 715 Thrissur Chalakkudy 478 Kodungallur 738 Koodalmanikyam temple 380 Koodalmaikyam temple Chalakkudy 573 Kodungallur 487 Thrissur 345 Kodungallur Thrissur 820 Chalakkudy 308 Koodalmanikyam temple 552 Sample Calculation Width = 15m Here we are providing for phase signal Saturation flow = 525W For example traffic from Chalakkudy = 525X15 = 7875 Total volume q1 = 1410 y1 = q1/s1 = 1410/7875 = .179 IJESC, April 2020 25489 http:// ijesc.org/ y2, y3, y4 are similarly finding out as per the phases. = ((1.5x10)+5)/(1-.772) y2 = .213 = 88sec y3 = .178 Green time of first phase G1= (y1/Y) (c0-L) y4 = .202 = (.179/.772)x(88-10) = 18sec Y = y1+y2+y3+y4 Similarly the green time for other phase can be find out Y = .772 G2 = 21sec Assume 2 sec amber time is providing G3 = 17sec Lost time = (2x4)+2 = 10 sec G4 = 20sec Optimum cycle length = (1.5L+5) / (1-Y) Figure.1.