● Cephalometric assessment in anterior open bite patients treated with and without mini-implant anchorages
● ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√μâ“π‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬¢Õß‚ª√æÕ≈‘ μàÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‡ÕÁπ‡∑Õ‚√§Õ°§— ø輪≈≈‘ ·≈–‡™◊ÈÕæÕ√åøî‚√‚¡·π ®‘π®‘«“≈‘
● °“√®”·π°‡æ»§π‰∑¬¥â«¬¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬«
● Physical properties of dental stones available in Thailand
● ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å‡®≈·≈–ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å«“√åπ‘™
● √Õ¬§√“∫ ’¥”∫πøíπ∫√‘‡«≥‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õ∫‡Àß◊Õ°„π‡¥Á° A 1 «∑¬“ “√∑‘ πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√— ¡Àå ¥≈‘ Mahidol Dental Journal ªï∑’Ë ÛÒ ©∫—∫∑’Ë Û °.¬.-∏.§. ÚııÙ Volume 31 Number 3 Sep.-Dec. 2011
“√∫≠— Contents
∫∑«∑¬“°“√‘ Original article §à“‡´ø“‚≈‡¡μ√‘°„πºŸâªÉ«¬øíπÀπâ“ ∫‡ªî¥∑’Ë®—¥øíπ 121 Cephalometric assessment in anterior open bite patients √à«¡°—∫°“√„™â·≈–‰¡à„™âÀ¡ÿ¥¬÷¥∑“ß∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ treated with and without mini-implant anchorages ‡æÁ≠ª√–¿“ ™‘«™√—μπå ÿ«√√≥’ ≈—¿π–æ√≈“¿ Penprapa Chiewcharat Suwannee Luppanapornlarp ÿæ—≤™—¬ ∫ÿ≠ª√–∂—¡∂å æß»∏√ æŸà∑Õߧ” Supatchai Boonpratham Pongstorn Putongkam
ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√μâ“π‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬¢Õß 131 Antimicrobial Efficacy of Propolis against Enterococcus faecalis ‚ª√æÕ≈‘ μàÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‡ÕÁπ‡∑Õ‚√§Õ°§— ø輪≈≈‘ and Porphyromonas gingivalis ·≈–‡™◊ÈÕæÕ√åøî‚√‚¡·π ®‘π®‘«“≈‘ Jintana Sarabunchong Thaniya Muadcheingka ®‘πμπ“ “√–∫√√®ß ∏𑬓 À¡«¥‡™’¬ß§–
°“√®”·π°‡æ»§π‰∑¬¥â«¬¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬« 141 Sexual dimorphism in Thais using canine index ∑«’æß»å Õ“√¬–æ‘»‘…∞ «π‘¥“ »√’‰æ‚√®πå∏‘°Ÿ≈ Tawepong Arayapisit Wanida Sripairojthikoon Õ—§√‘π ¿“πÿ ∂‘μ¬å 𗬫‘π‘μ ¡ ÿ¢∑«’°Ÿ≈ Akkarin Panusatid Naiwinit Somsuktaweekoon æß»å ∂‘μ ∫—≥±‘μπ‘æ‘∞ ÿ¿“®“√ÿæ—π∏å Pongstit Bundit Nipit Supajarupan
¡∫—쑇™‘ß°“¬¿“æ¢Õߪ≈“ ‡μÕ√åÀ‘π∑’Ë®”Àπà“¬ 151 Physical properties of dental stones available in Thailand „πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ Potchaman Sinavarat Kallaya Suputtamongkol 殡“π »√’π«√—μπå °—≈¬“ »ÿæÿ∑∏¡ß§≈ Chatcharee Suchatlampong ™—™√’ ÿ™“μ‘≈È”æß»å
∫∑§«“¡ª√∑‘ »π— å 161 Review article ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å‡®≈·≈–ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å«“√åπ‘™ Fluoride Gel and Fluoride Varnish ∑‘æπ“∂ «‘™≠“≥√—μπå Tippanart Vichayanrat
√Õ¬§√“∫ ’¥”∫πøíπ∫√‘‡«≥‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õ∫‡Àß◊Õ°„π‡¥Á° 175 Black Stains in Children: An update ‡¢Á¡∑Õß ¡‘μ√°Ÿ≈ Kemthong Mitrakul A 3
«‘∑¬“ “√∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ ©∫—∫π’ȇªìπ©∫—∫ ÿ¥∑⓬¢Õߪï æ.». 2554 ∑’ˉ¥â√«∫√«¡§«“¡√Ÿâ „À¡à Ê π«—μ°√√¡„À¡à Ê ®“°∑—πμ·æ∑¬åÀ≈“°À≈“¬ “¢“ ´÷Ëß≈â«π·μà¡’ª√–‚¬™πå ”À√—∫∫ÿ§≈“°√∑“ß∑—πμ·æ∑¬å ∑ÿ°∑à“π
‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë 1: ‡ªìπß“π«‘®—¬¢Õßß“π®—¥øíπ∑’ˬ—ß¡’°“√æ—≤π“Õ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß π”‡ πÕ‡√◊ËÕß Cephalometric assessment in anterior open bite patients treated with and without mini-implant anchorages ‚¥¬ ºŸâ™à«¬»“ μ√“®“√¬å∑—πμ·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ß ÿ«√√≥’ ≈—¿π–æ√≈“¿ √à«¡°—∫Õ“®“√¬å¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ ‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë 2: ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√μâ“π‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬¢Õß‚ª√æÕ≈‘ μàÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‡ÕÁπ‡∑Õ‚√§Õ°§— ø輪≈≈‘ ·≈–‡™◊ÈÕæÕ√åøî‚√‚¡·π ®‘π®‘«“≈‘ ‚¥¬∑—πμ·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ß®‘πμπ“ “√–∫√√®ß ®“°‚√ß欓∫“≈‡®√‘≠°√ÿß ª√–™“√—°…å ·≈–§ÿ≥∏𑬓 À¡«¥‡™’¬ß§– ®“°¿“§«‘™“®ÿ≈™’««‘∑¬“ §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ¡À‘¥≈ ‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë 3: °“√®”·π°‡æ»§π‰∑¬¥â«¬¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬« ‚¥¬Õ“®“√¬å∑«’æß»å Õ“√¬–æ‘»‘…∞ ·≈–§≥– ®“°¿“§«‘™“°“¬«‘¿“§»“ μ√å ‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë 4: Physical properties of dental stones available in Thailand ‚¥¬√Õß»“ μ√“®“√¬å∑—πμ·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ß殡“π »√’π«√—μπå ®“°¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡ª√–¥‘…∞å ·≈–§≥– ‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë 5: ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å‡®≈·≈–ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å«“√åπ‘™ ‚¥¬Õ“®“√¬å∑—πμ·æ∑¬åÀ≠‘ß∑‘æπ“∂ «‘™≠“≥√—μπå ®“°¿“§ «‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡™ÿ¡™π ‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë 6: √Õ¬§√“∫ ’¥”∫πøíπ∫√‘‡«≥‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õ∫‡Àß◊Õ°„π‡¥Á° ‚¥¬Õ“®“√¬å∑—πμ·æ∑¬å À≠‘߇¢Á¡∑Õß ¡‘μ√°Ÿ≈ ®“°¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡‡¥Á°
ª≈“¬ªï 2554 ¥Ÿ‡ªìπªï∑’Ë¡’Õÿª √√§Àπ—°Àπ“ “À— ”À√—∫‡√“™“«‰∑¬ ∑’Ë„π™à«ß‰μ√¡“ À≈—ߢÕߪï μâÕߺ®≠°—∫ªí≠À“Õÿ∑°¿—¬§√—Èß„À≠à·≈–¬“«π“π°«à“∑ÿ° Ê ªï∑’˺à“π¡“ ∑”„Àâ¡’º≈°√–∑∫‰ª¬—ß°“√∑”ß“π„π À≈“¬ Ê à«πÕ¬à“ß∑—Ë«∂÷ß °Õß∫√√≥“∏‘°“√®÷ߢÕ√à«¡‡ªìπ°”≈—ß„®„À⺟âÕà“π∑ÿ°∑à“π∑’ËøíπΩÉ“Õÿª √√§μà“ß Ê ¡“¥â«¬°—π‡ªìπÕ¬à“ߥ’ ∑“ß«‘∑¬“ “√∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈°Á‰¡à‡§¬À¬ÿ¥∑’Ë®–ª√—∫μ—«·≈–æ—≤π“‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ «‘∑¬“ “√π’È𔇠πÕº≈ß“π∑“ß«‘™“°“√∑’Ë¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ·≈–πà“ π„®μàÕ‰ª ·≈–À“°∑à“π„¥ π„® “¡“√∂ àß ∫∑§«“¡¢Õß∑à“π¡“‰¥â∑’Ë Õ“§“√ 4 ™—Èπ 9 Àπ૬«“√ “√«‘™“°“√ §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ μ‘¥μàÕ §ÿ≥‡®π≥’»“ ∏√√¡«– “ (‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë«“√ “√«‘™“°“√) ‚∑√. 02-660-7769 ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√‡º¬·æ√μà àÕ‰ª
∫√√≥“∏‘°“√ “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 Original article Cephalometric assessment in anterior open bite patients treated with and without mini-implant anchorages
Penprapa Chiewcharat Abstract Postgraduate Student of Orthodontic Objective: The aims of this study were to determine pre- and posttreat Residency Training Programme Department of Orthodontics, ment of cephalometric measurements in the skeletal anterior open bite Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University patients with and without mini-implant anchorages (MIAs), and to compare Suwannee Luppanapornlarp the measurements between both groups. The hypothesis is that there B.Sc., D.D.S., M.Sc. (Orthodontics), are differences of treatment changes between groups. A.B.O., Tha.B.O., Ph.D. (Dental Sciences) Assistant Professor, Materials and methods: A retrospective study was performed in fifteen Department of Orthodontics, skeletal anterior open bite patients. The MIAs were used to intrude molars Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University in six patients (mean age of 25±8.1 years). Another nine patients (mean Supatchai Boonpratham age of 24.3 2.6 years) were treated without MIAs and served as a D.D.S., Ph.D. (Dental Sciences) ± Department of Orthodontics, control group. Paired t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University determine changes within and between groups, respectively (P<0.05). Pongstorn Putongkam Results: There were no significant differences of skeletal and soft tissue D.D.S., M.Sc., Dip. Thai Board profile changes between the 2 groups, except LL-E plane. For dental (Orthodontics) Department of Orthodontics, changes, both groups show successful open bite correction with significant Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University treatment changes of U1-NA, overbite, overjet (P<0.05). It was found that the upper first molars in the MIAs group were more intruded significantly when compared with the control group (P<0.05). Upper incisors in the control group seem to be more extruded but not significantly. Conclusion: Molar intrusion using MIAs could be another choice of treatment for skeletal anterior open bite patients with minimal patient cooperation. Key words: cephalometric, mini-implant anchorages, open bite, orthodontic treatment Correspondence author: Suwannee Luppanapornlarp Assistant Professor Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University 6 Yothi Street, Rachathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: 02-203-6431-2 Fax: 02-203-6430 E-mail: [email protected] Research grant: - Received: 15 August 2011 Accepted: 16 December 2011
Cephalometric assessment in anterior open bite patients treated with and without mini-implant anchorages 121 Penprapa Chiewcharat Suwannee Luppanapornlarp Supatchai Boonpratham Pongstorn Putongkam “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL ∫∑«‘∑¬“°“√ §à“‡´ø“‚≈‡¡μ√‘°„πºŸâªÉ«¬øíπÀπâ“ ∫‡ªî¥∑’Ë®—¥øíπ√à«¡°—∫ °“√„™â·≈–‰¡à„™âÀ¡ÿ¥¬÷¥∑“ß∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ
‡æÁ≠ª√–¿“ ™‘«™√—μπå ∫∑§¥¬— Õà π—°»÷°…“À≈—ߪ√‘≠≠“ À≈—° Ÿμ√°“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡ «—μ∂ÿª√– ߧå: °“√»÷°…“π’ȇæ◊ËÕª√–‡¡‘π§à“∑“߇´øø“‚≈‡¡μ√‘°„πºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’ ∑πμ·æ∑¬— ‡©æ“–∑“ßå “¢“∑πμ°√√¡®— ¥ø— πí ¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ ≈—°…≥–‚§√ß √â“ß°√–¥Ÿ°·∫∫øíπÀπâ“ ∫‡ªî¥°àÕπ·≈–À≈—ß°“√√—°…“∑“ß §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ ∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ‚¥¬„™â·≈–‰¡à„™âÀ¡ÿ¥¬÷¥∑“ß∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ ·≈–‡æ◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫- ÿ«√√≥’ ≈—¿π–æ√≈“¿ ‡∑’¬∫ º≈ ”‡√Á®À≈—ß°“√√—°…“√–À«à“ß°≈ÿà¡ ‚¥¬μ—Èß ¡¡ÿμ‘∞“π«à“¡’§«“¡·μ°μà“ß «∑.∫., ∑.∫., «∑.¡. (∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ) °—πÀ≈—ß°“√√—°…“√–À«à“ß Õß°≈ÿà¡π’È American Board of Orthodontics Õ.∑., Ph.D. (Dental Sciences) «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å·≈–«‘∏’°“√: °“√«‘®—¬π’ȇªìπ°“√»÷°…“·∫∫¬âÕπÀ≈—ß ‚¥¬°≈ÿà¡»÷°…“ ¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ ¡’≈—°…≥–‚§√ß √â“ß°√–¥Ÿ°·∫∫øíπÀπâ“ ∫‡ªî¥μ“¡‡°≥±å∑’Ë°”Àπ¥‰¥â®”π«π §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ ∑—Èß ‘Èπ 15 §π ‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡»÷°…“∑’Ë„™âÀ¡ÿ¥¬÷¥ 6 §π (Õ“¬ÿ‡©≈’ˬ 25±8.1 ªï) ·≈– ÿæ—≤™—¬ ∫ÿ≠ª√–∂—¡∂å Õ’° 9 §π ‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡∑’ˉ¡à„™âÀ¡ÿ¥¬÷¥‚¥¬®—¥‡ªìπ°≈ÿࡧ«∫§ÿ¡ (Õ“¬ÿ‡©≈’ˬ 24.3 2.6 ∑.∫., Ph.D. (Dental Sciences) ± ¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ ªï) »÷°…“‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫‚¥¬„™â ∂‘μ‘ Paired t-test ·≈– Mann-Whitney U test §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ (P<0.05) æß»∏√ æŸà∑Õߧ” º≈°“√»÷°…“: °“√»÷°…“π’Èæ∫«à“‰¡à¡’§«“¡·μ°μà“ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠¢Õß§à“ ∑.∫., «∑.¡. (∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ) ‡´øø“‚≈‡¡μ√‘°°àÕπ°“√√—°…“√–À«à“ß°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë„™â·≈–‰¡à„™âÀ¡ÿ¥∑“ß∑—πμ°√√¡ Õ.∑. (∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ) ¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ ®—¥øíπ ¬°‡«âπ§à“ LL- E plane πÕ°®“°π’È∑—Èß Õß°≈ÿà¡ “¡“√∂·°â‰¢ªí≠À“ §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ °“√ ∫‡ªî¥¢ÕßøíπÀπⓉ¥â‚¥¬¡’°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ߢÕß§à“ U1-NA, §à“°“√‡À≈◊ËÕ¡ ·π«¥‘Ëß (overbite) ·≈–§à“°“√‡À≈◊ËÕ¡·π«√“∫ (overjet) Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘ (P<0.05) ‡¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫§à“°àÕπ·≈–À≈—ß°“√√—°…“ Õ¬à“߉√°Áμ“¡æ∫«à“ „π°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë„™âÀ¡ÿ¥¬÷¥∑“ß∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ®–¡’°“√°¥ (intrude) øíπ°√“¡‰¥â ¡“°°«à“°≈ÿà¡∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â„™âÀ¡ÿ¥¬÷¥Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘ (P<0.05) ·≈–°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë ‰¡à‰¥â„™âÀ¡ÿ¥¬÷¥®–¡’·π«‚πâ¡¢Õß°“√¬◊Ë𬓫¢ÕßøíπÀπâ“∫π¡“°°«à“°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë „™âÀ¡ÿ¥·μà‰¡à·μ°μà“ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠ ∫∑ √ÿª: °“√„™âÀ¡ÿ¥¬÷¥∑“ß∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√°¥ (intrude) øíπ°√“¡ “¡“√∂∑”‰¥â·≈–‡ªìπ∑“߇≈◊Õ°Õ’°∑“ßÀπ÷Ëß„π°“√·°â‰¢ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥– μ‘¥μàÕ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫∑§«“¡: ‚§√ß √â“ß°√–¥Ÿ°·∫∫øíπÀπâ“ ∫‡ªî¥ ´÷ËßÕ“»—¬§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ„π°“√√—°…“∑“ß ÿ«√√≥’ ≈—¿π–æ√≈“∂ ∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬πâÕ¬ ¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ √À— §”: ‡´øø“‚≈‡¡μ√‘° À¡ÿ¥¬÷¥∑“ß∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ øíπÀπâ“ ∫‡ªî¥ °“√ 6 ∂.‚¬∏’ ‡¢μ√“™‡∑«’ °√ÿ߇∑æœ 10400 √—°…“∑“ß∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ ‚∑√»—æ∑å: 02-203-6431-2 ‚∑√ “√: 02-203-6430 Õ’‡¡≈å: [email protected] ·À≈à߇ߑπ∑ÿπ: - «—π√—∫‡√◊ËÕß: 15 ‘ßÀ“§¡ 2554 «—π¬Õ¡√—∫°“√μ’æ‘¡æå: 16 ∏—𫓧¡ 2554
122 Cephalometric assessment in anterior open bite patients treated with and without mini-implant anchorages Penprapa Chiewcharat Suwannee Luppanapornlarp Supatchai Boonpratham Pongstorn Putongkam “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 ∫∑«‘∑¬“°“√ ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√μâ“π‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬¢Õß‚ª√æÕ≈‘ μàÕ‡™◊ÈÕ ‡ÕÁπ‡∑Õ‚√§Õ°§— ø輪≈≈‘ ·≈–‡™◊ÈÕæÕ√åøî‚√‚¡·π ®‘π®‘«“≈‘
®‘πμπ“ “√–∫√√®ß ∫∑§¥¬— Õà ∑.∫., ª.∫—≥±‘μ («‘∑¬“‡ÕÁπ‚¥¥Õπμå) °≈ÿà¡ß“π∑—πμ°√√¡ «—μ∂ÿª√– ߧå: ‡æ◊ËÕ»÷°…“ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ°“√μâ“π‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬¢Õß‚ª√æÕ≈‘ μàÕ ‚√ß欓∫“≈‡®√‘≠°√ÿߪ√–™“√—°…å ‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬∑’Ëæ∫‰¥â„π§≈Õß√“°øíπ∑’Ëμ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ 2 ™π‘¥ ∏𑬓 À¡«¥‡™’¬ß§– «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å·≈–«‘∏’°“√»÷°…“: 𔂪√æÕ≈‘ (‚°≈∫Õ≈ μ“√傪√æÕ≈‘ ) ´÷Ëß «∑.¡. ( “∏“√≥ ÿ¢»“ μ√å) ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬‚ª√æÕ≈‘ ≈–≈“¬„πμ—«∑”≈–≈“¬‚¡‚π‚æ√‰æ≈’π‰°≈§Õ≈ „π ¿“§«‘™“®ÿ≈™’««‘∑¬“™àÕߪ“° §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ ª√‘¡“≥ 1:1 ‚¥¬πÈ”Àπ—° ‡μ√’¬¡ “√≈–≈“¬‚ª√æÕ≈‘ ®“°‚ª√æÕ≈‘ ¢â“ßμâπ ‚¥¬‡μ‘¡¥’‡ÕÁ¡‡Õ ‚Õ√âÕ¬≈– 5 §‘¥‡ªìπ “√≈–≈“¬μ—Èßμâπ¢Õß‚ª√æÕ≈‘ 515 ¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡μàÕ¡‘≈≈‘≈‘μ√ ®“°π—Èπ‡®◊Õ®“ߥ⫬πÈ”°≈—Ëπ„À≥⠓√≈–≈“¬‚ª√æÕ≈‘ §«“¡‡¢â¡¢âπ 103, 20.6 ·≈– 4.12 ¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡/¡‘≈≈‘≈‘μ√ ∑¥ Õ∫§«“¡ “¡“√∂ „π°“√¬—∫¬—È߇™◊ÈÕ‡ÕÁπ‡∑Õ‚√§Õ°§— ø輪≈≈‘ ·≈–‡™◊ÈÕæÕ√åøî‚√‚¡·π ®‘π®‘«“≈‘ ¥â«¬«‘∏’¥‘ §å¥‘øøî«™—Ëπ ‚¥¬¡’§≈Õ√凌°´‘¥’π√âÕ¬≈– 0.2 ‡ªìπμ—«§«∫§ÿ¡∫«° ·≈–À“§à“§«“¡‡¢â¡¢âπ¢Õß‚ª√æÕ≈‘ ∑’ËπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥∑’Ë¡’º≈∑”≈“¬‡™◊ÈÕ∑—Èß 2 ™π‘¥ ¥â«¬«‘∏’∫√Õ∏‰¥≈Ÿ™—Ëπ º≈°“√»÷°…“: ‚ª√æÕ≈‘ “¡“√∂¬—∫¬—Èß·≈–∑”≈“¬‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬∑—Èß 2 ™π‘¥‰¥â ‚¥¬§à“§«“¡‡¢â¡¢âπ¢Õß‚ª√æÕ≈‘ ∑’ËπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥∑’Ë¡’º≈∑”≈“¬‡™◊ÈÕ‡ÕÁπ‡∑Õ‚√§Õ°§— ø輪≈≈‘ ·≈–‡™◊ÈÕæÕ√åøî‚√‚¡·π ®‘π®‘«“≈‘ §◊Õ 34.33 ·≈– 3.22 ¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡ μàÕ¡‘≈≈‘≈‘μ√ μ“¡≈”¥—∫ ∫∑ √ÿª: ‚ª√æÕ≈‘ “¡“√∂¬—∫¬—Èß·≈–∑”≈“¬‡™◊ÈÕ‡ÕÁπ‡∑Õ‚√§Õ°§— ø輪≈≈‘ ·≈–‡™◊ÈÕæÕ√åøî‚√‚¡·π ®‘π®‘«“≈‘ ·μà¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æπâÕ¬°«à“§≈Õ√凌°´‘¥’π √âÕ¬≈– 0.2 √À— §”: §à“§«“¡‡¢â¡¢âπ¢Õß “√∑¥ Õ∫∑’ËπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥∑’Ë¡’º≈¬—∫¬—È߇™◊ÈÕ, §à“§«“¡ ‡¢â¡¢âπ¢Õß “√∑¥ Õ∫∑’ËπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥∑’Ë¡’º≈∑”≈“¬‡™◊ÈÕ, ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ°“√μâ“π‡™◊ÈÕ ·∫§∑’‡√’¬, ‚ª√æÕ≈‘ μ‘¥μàÕ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫∑§«“¡: ®‘πμπ“ “√–∫√√®ß °≈ÿà¡ß“π∑—πμ°√√¡ ‚√ß欓∫“≈‡®√‘≠°√ÿߪ√–™“√—°…å 8 ∂.‡®√‘≠°√ÿß ‡¢μ∫“ߧշÀ≈¡ °√ÿ߇∑æœ 10120 ‚∑√»—æ∑å: 02-289-7049 ‚∑√ “√: 02-289-7649 Õ’‡¡≈å: [email protected] ·À≈à߇ߑπ∑ÿπ: - «—π∑’Ë√—∫‡√◊ËÕß: 15 ‘ßÀ“§¡ 2554 «—π¬Õ¡√—∫μ’æ‘¡æå: 26 ∏—𫓧¡ 2554
ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√μâ“π‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬¢Õß‚ª√æÕ≈‘ μàÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‡ÕÁπ‡∑Õ‚√§Õ°§— ø輪≈≈‘ ·≈–‡™◊ÈÕæÕ√åøî‚√‚¡·π ®‘π®‘«“≈‘ 131 ®‘πμπ“ “√–∫√√®ß ∏𑬓 À¡«¥‡™’¬ß§– “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL Original article Antimicrobial Efficacy of Propolis against Enterococcus faecalis and Porphyromonas gingivalis
Jintana Sarabunchong Abstract D.D.S., Cert. in Endodontics Objective: To evaluate antimicrobial efficacy of propolis against two species Dental Department, Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital of bacteria found in endodontic infections. Thaniya Muadcheingka Materials and methods: Propolis (Global star propolis) which composed of M.Sc. (Public Health) 50% propolis and 50% monopropylene glycol (w/w) was dissolved in Department of Oral Microbiology, 5% DMSO to obtain the concentration of 515 mg/ml as the working Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University solution. Then this solution further was diluted in distilled water to obtain the concentration of 103, 20.6 and 4.12 mg/ml. The antimicrobial activities of propolis on Enterococcus faecalis and Porphyromonas gingivalis were tested by the disc diffusion technique, using 0.2% chlorhexidine as a positive control. Minimal bactericidal concentrations were determined by using the broth dilution method. Results: Propolis was effective against Enterococcus faecalis and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Minimal bactericidal concentrations of propolis were 34.33 mg/ml for Enterococcus faecalis and 3.22 mg/ml for Porphyromonas gingivalis. Conclusion: Propolis was effective against Enterococcus faecalis and Porphyromonas gingivalis but less efficient than 0.2% chlorhexidine. Key words: antimicrobial efficacy, minimal bactericidal concentration, minimal inhibitory concentration, propolis .
Correspondence author: Jintana Sarabunchong Dental Department, Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital 8 Charoenkrung Road Bangkholaem, Bangkok, 10120 Thailand. Tel: 02-289-7049 Fax: 02-289-7649 E-mail: [email protected] Research grant: - Received: 15 August 2011 Accepted: 26 December 2011
132 ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√μâ“π‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬¢Õß‚ª√æÕ≈‘ μàÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‡ÕÁπ‡∑Õ‚√§Õ°§— ø輪≈≈‘ ·≈–‡™◊ÈÕæÕ√åøî‚√‚¡·π ®‘π®‘«“≈‘ ®‘πμπ“ “√–∫√√®ß ∏𑬓 À¡«¥‡™’¬ß§– “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 ∫∑«‘∑¬“°“√ °“√®”·π°‡æ»§π‰∑¬¥â«¬¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬«
∑«’æß»å Õ“√¬–æ‘»‘…∞ ∫∑§¥¬— Õà ∑.∫. ¿“§«‘™“°“¬«‘¿“§»“ μ√å «—μ∂ÿª√– ߧå: ¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬«‡ªìπ«‘∏’∑“ßπ‘μ‘∑—πμ«‘∑¬“∑’˙૬„π°“√∑”π“¬‡æ» §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ ¢Õß»æπ‘√π“¡ ‚¥¬‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬«∑’˧”π«≥®“°»æ °—∫¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬« «π‘¥“ »√’‰æ‚√®πå∏‘°Ÿ≈ ¡“μ√∞“π¢Õߪ√–™“°√∑âÕß∂‘Ëππ—Èπ Õ¬à“߉√°Áμ“¡¬—߉¡àæ∫°“√ √â“ߥ—™π’ Ph.D. (Cell Biology & Anatomy) øíπ‡¢’È¬«¡“μ√∞“π¢Õߧπ‰∑¬ °“√»÷°…“π’È®÷ß¡’«—μ∂ÿª√– ߧå‡æË◊Õ √â“ߥ—™π’ ¿“§«‘™“°“¬«‘¿“§»“ μ√å §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ øíπ‡¢’È¬«¡“μ√∞“π √«¡∑—Èߪ√–‡¡‘𧫓¡·¡àπ¢Õߥ—™π’¥—ß°≈à“«„π°“√∑”π“¬ Õ—§√‘π ¿“πÿ ∂‘μ¬å ‡æ»§π‰∑¬°≈ÿà¡Àπ÷Ëß π—°»÷°…“∑—πμ·æ∑¬å «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å·≈–«‘∏’°“√»÷°…“: Õ“ “ ¡—§√§π‰∑¬ ®”π«π 400 §π ‡ªìπ §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ ™“¬ 200 §π ·≈–‡ªìπÀ≠‘ß 200 §π Õ“¬ÿ√–À«à“ß 18 ∂÷ß 22 ªï ∑’Ë¡’øíπÀπâ“ π—¬«‘π‘μ ¡ ÿ¢∑«’°Ÿ≈ π—°»÷°…“∑—πμ·æ∑¬å ∫π·≈–≈à“ß∑’Ë¢÷Èπ‡μÁ¡∑’Ë ª√“»®“°√Õ¬ºÿÀ√◊Õ°“√∫Ÿ√≥–„¥ Ê ‰¡à ÷° √«¡∑—Èß¡’ §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ °“√‡√’¬ßμ—«ª°μ‘ «—¥§«“¡°«â“ߢÕßøíπ‡¢’È¬«∑—Èß 4 ´’Ë ·≈–√–¬–√–À«à“ßøíπ‡¢’È¬« æß»å ∂‘μ ∫—≥±‘μ „π¢“°√√‰°√∫π·≈–≈à“ߢÕßÕ“ “ ¡—§√¥â«¬‡«Õ‡π’¬√å §“≈‘‡ªÕ√ å™π‘¥¥‘®‘μÕ≈ π—°»÷°…“∑—πμ·æ∑¬å ·≈–·∫àßÕ“ “ ¡—§√∑—ÈßÀ¡¥‡ªìπ 2 °≈ÿà¡‚¥¬°“√ ÿà¡ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢ÕßÕ“ “ ¡—§√ §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ π‘æ‘∞ ÿ¿“®“√ÿæ—π∏å °≈ÿà¡·√° (™“¬ 100 §π ·≈– À≠‘ß 100 §π) „™â„π°“√ √â“ߥ—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬« π—°»÷°…“∑—πμ·æ∑¬å ¡“μ√∞“π¢Õߧπ‰∑¬μ“¡«‘∏’°“√¢Õß Rao ·≈–§≥– ·≈â«π”‰ªª√–‡¡‘𧫓¡ §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ ·¡àπ¢Õߥ—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬«„πÕ“ “ ¡—§√°≈ÿà¡∑’Ë Õß (™“¬ 100 §π ·≈– À≠‘ß 100 §π) Õ∏‘∫“¬¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬«¡“μ√∞“π·≈–§«“¡·¡àπ¢Õߥ—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬«¥â«¬ ∂‘μ‘æ√√≥π“ √«¡∑—Èß«‘‡§√“–À姫“¡·μ°μà“ß√–À«à“߇滢Õߧ«“¡°«â“ßøíπ‡¢’È¬« ·≈–√–¬–√–À«à“ßøíπ‡¢’È¬«¥â«¬ ∂‘μ‘∑¥ Õ∫∑’∑’Ë√–¥—∫π—¬ ”§—≠ .05 º≈°“√»÷°…“: §«“¡°«â“ßøíπ‡¢’È¬«∑ÿ°´’Ë ·≈–√–¬–√–À«à“ßøíπ‡¢’È¬«„π¢“°√√‰°√ ∫π·≈–≈à“ߢÕ߇滙“¬°«â“ß°«à“¢Õ߇æ»À≠‘ßÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠ ¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬« ¡“μ√∞“π„π§π‰∑¬´÷Ëߧ”π«≥®“°øíπ‡¢’È¬«∫π¢«“ øíπ‡¢’È¬«∫π´â“¬ øíπ‡¢’È¬« ≈à“ߢ«“ ·≈–øíπ‡¢’È¬«≈à“ߴ⓬ ‡ªìπ 0.216, 0.214, 0.257 ·≈– 0.250 μ“¡ ≈”¥—∫ ‚¥¬¡’§«“¡·¡àπ¢Õߥ—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬«∑’˧”π«≥®“°øíπ‡¢’È¬«·μà≈–´’ˇªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 53.5, 60.0, 61.5 ·≈– 67.0 μ“¡≈”¥—∫ μ‘¥μàÕ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫∑§«“¡: ∫∑ √ÿª: ∑«’æß»å Õ“√¬–æ‘»‘…∞ ¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬«‚¥¬‡©æ“–‡¡◊ËÕ§”π«≥®“°øíπ‡¢’È¬«≈à“ߴ⓬‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ ¿“§«‘™“°“¬«‘¿“§»“ μ√å ∑’˙૬‡ √‘¡ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ°“√∑”π“¬‡æ»»æ§π‰∑¬π‘√π“¡‰¥â §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ √À— §”: ¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬«, °“√®”·π°‡æ», §π‰∑¬ 6 ∂. ‚¬∏’ ‡¢μ√“™‡∑«’ °∑¡ 10400 ‚∑√»—æ∑å: - ‚∑√ “√: - Õ’‡¡≈å: [email protected] ·À≈à߇ߑπ∑ÿπ: ‰¥â√—∫∑ÿπ«‘®—¬®“° §≥–∑—π·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ «—π√—∫‡√◊ËÕß: 31 ¡°√“§¡ 2554 «—π¬Õ¡√—∫μ’æ‘¡æå: 1 ∏—𫓧¡ 2554
°“√®”·π°‡æ»§π‰∑¬¥â«¬¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬« 141 ∑«’æß»å Õ“√¬–æ‘»‘…∞ «π‘¥“ »√’‰æ‚√®πå∏‘°Ÿ≈ Õ—§√‘π ¿“πÿ ∂‘μ¬å 𗬫‘π‘μ ¡ ÿ¢∑«’°Ÿ≈ æß»å ∂‘μ ∫—≥±‘μ π‘æ‘∞ ÿ¿“®“√ÿæ—π∏å “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL Original article Sexual dimorphism in Thais using canine index
Abstract Tawepong Arayapisit Objective: Canine index is used as a sex determination in forensic DDS Department of Anatomy, odontology by comparing the individual canine index with standard canine Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University index calculating from the local population. However, the standard canine Wanida Sripairojthikoon index in Thai population is not well established. This report was aimed to Ph.D. (Cell Biology & Anatomy) study on sex identity based on the standard canine index and evaluate its Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University accuracy in a group of Thais Akkarin Panusatid Materials and methods: Thai subjects, 200 males and 200 females, Dental student, aged 18-22 years old who had fully erupted, caries-free, normal and Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University non-worn upper as well as lower anterior teeth with correct dental alignment Naiwinit Somsuktaweekoon Dental student, were selected. Male and female subjects were randomly allocated into Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University 2 groups each. Canine widths and intercanine widths in both jaws were Pongstit Bundit measured using digital vernier calipers. Data from the first group Dental student, (100 males and 100 females) were used to calculate standard canine Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University Nipit Supajarupan index according to Rao et al. Data of another group (100 males and Dental student, 100 females) was used to assess the accuracy of the previously estab- Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University lished standard canine index. Descriptive statistical data were obtained and the potential of sexual dimorphism of the canine and intercanine widths were analyzed by t-test (α=.05). Results: Canine widths and intercanine widths of males were significantly greater than those of female (p<.001). The standard canine indices calculated with upper right, upper left, lower right and lower left canines were 0.216, 0.214, 0.257 and 0.250, respectively. The respective index values showed accuracy for sex determination at 53.5%, 60.0%, 61.5% Correspondence author: and 67.0% Tawepong Arayapisit Conclusion: It was plausible that the canine index from left mandibular Department of Anatomy, canine, in particular, could be applied as an additional method for sex Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University. 6 Yothi Street, Rachathewi, identity in Thai population. Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Keyword: Canine index, sexual dimorphism, Thais Tel: - Fax: - E-mail: [email protected] Research grant: Supported by Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University Received: 31 January 2011 Accepted: 1 December 2011
142 °“√®”·π°‡æ»§π‰∑¬¥â«¬¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬« ∑«’æß»å Õ“√¬–æ‘»‘…∞ «π‘¥“ »√’‰æ‚√®πå∏‘°Ÿ≈ Õ—§√‘π ¿“πÿ ∂‘μ¬å 𗬫‘π‘μ ¡ ÿ¢∑«’°Ÿ≈ æß»å ∂‘μ ∫—≥±‘μ π‘æ‘∞ ÿ¿“®“√ÿæ—π∏å “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 Original article Physical properties of dental stones available in Thailand
Potchaman Sinavarat Abstract BSc, D.D.S, M.Sc Objective: To compare the physical properties of ten dental stones available Department of Prosthodontics Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University in Thailand. Kallaya Suputtamongkol Materials and methods: Ten dental stones used in this study were Comet 3, D.D.S, Ph.D. Planet Universal, Hard Stone (pink), Hard Stone (green), Pana Super Stone, Department of Prosthodontics Dentamerica, G10 Universal, Hydrock, Labstone and Quick Stone. The Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University Chatcharee Suchatlampong properties of dental stones were studied according to ISO 6873 Dental D.D.S, M.Phil (Dental Matcrials), gypsum products, i.e., initial setting time, setting expansion, compressive Diplamate, Thai Board in Prosthodontics strength and reproduction of detail. Statistical analyses of the mean setting Department of Prosthodontics time, setting expansion and compressive strength were performed using Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University one-way ANOVA and Tukeyûs multiple comparison tests. All properties were also determined according to ISO guidelines. Results: The mean setting time of seven dental stones were complied with the international standard. The products which showed the least expansion were Quick Stone, G10 Universal, Comet 3 and Labstone while setting expansion of Dentamerica, Planet Universal and Hard Stone (green and pink) exceeded the standard value recommended by the ISO 6873 Dental gypsum products. The mean values of compressive strength of all groups tested were at an acceptable limit. The compressive strength of Planet Universal, Quick Stone and Hydrock Model Stone were the highest and significantly different from the others (p<0.05). All products showed acceptable detail reproduction. Conclusion: Five of ten dental stones tested in this study possessed the acceptable properties except Dentamerica, Planet Universal, Quick stone and Hard Stone (green and pink) of which their setting time and setting Correspondence author: expansion did not comply with the standard criteria. Potchaman Sinavarat Key words: Department of Prosthodontics Dental stone, gypsum, calcium sulphate, hemihydrate Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University 6 Yothi Street, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Tel: 02-203-6441 Fax: 02-203-6440 E-mail: - Research Grant: - Received: 23 March 2009 Accepted: December 2011
Physical properties of dental stones available in Thailand 151 Potchaman Sinavarat Kallaya Suputtamongkol Chatcharee Suchatlampong “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL ∫∑«‘∑¬“°“√ ¡∫—쑇™‘ß°“¬¿“æ¢Õߪ≈“ ‡μÕ√åÀ‘π∑’Ë®”Àπà“¬„πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬
殡“π »√’π«√—μπå ∫∑§¥¬— Õà ∑∫, M.Sc «—μ∂ÿª√– ߧå: ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ¡∫—μ‘¢Õߪ≈“ ‡μÕ√åÀ‘π 10 º≈‘μ¿—≥±å ∑’Ë ¿“§«™“∑‘ πμ°√√¡ª√–¥— …∞‘ å §≥–∑πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√— å ¡À“«∑¬“≈‘ ¬¡À— ¥≈‘ ®”Àπà“¬„πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ °—≈¬“ »ÿæÿ∑∏¡ß§≈ «— ¥ÿ·≈–«‘∏’°“√»÷°…“: «— ¥ÿ∑’Ë»÷°…“ ‰¥â·°à Comet 3, Planet Universal, Hard ∑∫, «∑¡, PhD Stone (pink), Hard Stone (green), Pana Super Stone, Dentamerica, G10 ¿“§«™“∑‘ πμ°√√¡ª√–¥— …∞‘ å Universal, Hydrock, Labstone ·≈– Quick Stone °“√»÷°…“¥”‡π‘π°“√μ“¡ §≥–∑πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√— å ¡À“«∑¬“≈‘ ¬¡À— ¥≈‘ ™—™√’ ÿ™“μ‘≈È”æß»å «‘∏’∑¥ Õ∫¢Õ߇°≥±å¡“μ√∞“π ISO 6873 Dental gypsum products ¡∫—μ‘ ∑∫, M.Phil (Dental Matcrials), ∑’Ë»÷°…“ §◊Õ ‡«≈“∑’Ë„™â„π°“√°àÕμ—« °“√¢¬“¬μ—«¢≥–°àÕμ—« §«“¡∑π·√ßÕ—¥ ·≈– Õ∑ (∑—πμ°√√¡ª√–¥‘…∞å) °“√≈Õ°‡≈’¬π√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ §à“‡©≈’ˬ¢Õß°“√¢¬“¬μ—«¢≥–°àÕμ—« ·≈–§«“¡∑π ¿“§«™“∑‘ πμ°√√¡ª√–¥— …∞‘ å ·√ßÕ—¥ «‘‡§√“–Àå∑“ß ∂‘μ‘¥â«¬ one way ANOVA ·≈–∑¥ Õ∫‡™‘ß´âÕπ‚¥¬ §≥–∑πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√— å ¡À“«∑¬“≈‘ ¬¡À— ¥≈‘ Tukeyûs multiple comparison √«¡∑—Èß°“√„™â‡°≥±å«‘‡§√“–μ“¡ ISO 6873 Dental gypsum products «‘‡§√“–Àåº≈‡«≈“∑’Ë„™â„π°“√°àÕμ—« ·≈–°“√≈Õ°‡≈’¬π √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥·≈–§«“¡∑π·√ßÕ—¥ º≈°“√»÷°…“: ‡«≈“∑’Ë„™â„π°“√°àÕμ—«¢ÕߪŸπÀ‘π 7 º≈‘μ¿—≥±å Õ¬Ÿà„π‡°≥±å ¡“μ√∞“π°”Àπ¥ °≈ÿà¡ Quick Stone, G10 Universal, Comet 3 ·≈– Labstone ¡’°“√¢¬“¬μ—«¢≥–°àÕμ—«μË” ÿ¥ ·μà Dentamerica Planet Universal·≈– Hard Stone(green ·≈– pink) ¢¬“¬μ—«¡“°°«à“‡°≥±å¡“μ√∞“π°”Àπ¥ §«“¡∑π ·√ßÕ—¥¢Õß∑ÿ°º≈‘μ¿—≥±åÕ¬Ÿà„π‡°≥±å¡“μ√∞“π°”Àπ¥ ∑—Èßπ’È Planet Universal, Quick Stone ·≈– Hydrock ¡’§«“¡∑π·√ßÕ—¥ Ÿß ÿ¥·≈–μà“ß®“°°≈àÿ¡Õ¬à“ß¡’ π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘ (p<.05) º≈°“√≈Õ°‡≈’¬π√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢Õß∑ÿ°º≈‘μ¿—≥±å Õ¬Ÿà „π‡°≥±å¡“μ√∞“π°”Àπ¥ √ÿª: ªŸπÀ‘π 5 ™π‘¥ ¡’ ¡∫—μ‘μ“¡‡°≥±å¡“μ√∞“π°”Àπ¥ ¬°‡«âπ Dentamerica Planet Universal, Quick Stone·≈– Hard Stone (green ·≈– pink) ∑’Ë¡’‡«≈“ ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√°àÕμ—«·≈–°“√¢¬“¬μ—«¢≥–°àÕμ—«‰¡à‡ªìπ‰ªμ“¡∑’ˇ°≥±å¡“μ√∞“π °”Àπ¥ √À— §”: ªŸπÀ‘π, ¬‘ª´—¡, ·§≈‡´’¬¡´—≈‡øμ, ‡Œ¡‘‰Œ‡¥√μ μ‘¥μàÕ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫∑§«“¡: 殡“π »√’π«√—μπå ¿“§«™“∑‘ πμ°√√¡ª√–¥— …∞‘ å §≥–∑πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√— å ¡À“«∑¬“≈‘ ¬¡À— ¥≈‘ 6 ∂.‚¬∏’ ‡¢μ√“™‡∑«’ °√ÿ߇∑æœ 10400 ‚∑√»—æ∑å: 02-203-6441 ·ø°´å: 02-203-6440 Õ’‡¡≈å: - ·À≈à߇ߑπ∑ÿπ: ß∫ª√–¡“≥·ºàπ¥‘π ªï 2544 «—π√—∫‡√◊ËÕß: 23 ¡’π“§¡ 2552 «—π¬Õ¡√—∫μ’æ‘¡æå: 1 ¡’π“§¡ 2554
152 Physical properties of dental stones available in Thailand Potchaman Sinavarat Kallaya Suputtamongkol Chatcharee Suchatlampong “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 ∫∑§«“¡ª√‘∑—»πå ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å‡®≈·≈–ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å«“√åπ‘™
∫∑§¥¬— Õà ∑‘æπ“∂ «‘™≠“≥√—μπå CAGS (Pediatric Dentistry), °“√„™ø≈â ÕÕ‰√¥Ÿ ‡®≈·≈–ø≈å ÕÕ‰√¥Ÿ «“√å πå ™‡ª‘ π¡“μ√°“√∑ì ”§’Ë ≠„π°“√™— «¬à M.S.D (Dental Public Health) ªÑÕß°—πøíπºÿ„π√–¥—∫∫ÿ§§≈·≈–°≈ÿࡪ√–™“°√∑’Ë¡’§«“¡‡ ’ˬ߄π°“√‡°‘¥øíπºÿ ¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡™ÿ¡™π ‡π◊ËÕß®“°„πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬π—Èπæ∫«à“ª√–™“°√‡¥Á° à«π„À≠ଗߡ’§«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß Ÿß §≥–∑πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√— å ¡À“«∑¬“≈‘ ¬¡À— ¥≈‘ „π°“√‡°‘¥øíπºÿ ¥—ßπ—Èπ ®÷ß¡’§«“¡®”‡ªìπ∑’Ë∑—πμ∫ÿ§≈“°√§«√μ√–Àπ—°∂÷ß°“√„™â ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å∑’Ë¡’§«“¡‡¢â¡¢âπ ŸßÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇰‘¥ª√–‚¬™πå Ÿß ÿ¥„π°“√ ªÑÕß°—πøíπºÿ·≈–≈¥°“√‡°‘¥º≈¢â“߇§’¬ß∑’ËÕ“®‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ ∫∑§«“¡π’ȉ¥âª√–¡«≈ §«“¡√Ÿâ®“°À≈—°∞“π°“√»÷°…“∑’˺à“π¡“ ‚¥¬°≈à“«∂÷ß°≈‰°„π°“√ªÑÕß°—πøíπºÿ ¢Õßø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å‡©æ“–∑’Ë ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√ªÑÕß°—πøíπºÿ ¢âÕ∫àß™’È «‘∏’°“√„™â ¢âÕ¥’ ¢âÕ¥âÕ¬ ·≈–¢âÕ·π–π”°“√„™â„π‡¥Á°‰∑¬ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ·π«∑“ß„π°“√„™â ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å„π√Ÿª·∫∫‡®≈·≈–«“√åπ‘™Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ √«¡∂÷ߢâÕ‡ πÕ·π–°“√ »°…“„πÕπ“§μ÷ √À— §”: ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å‡®≈, ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å«“√åπ‘™, ªÑÕß°—πøíπºÿ, §«“¡‡ ’Ë¬ß Ÿß„π°“√‡°‘¥ øíπºÿ, ‡¥Á°‰∑¬
μ‘¥μàÕ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫∑§«“¡: ∑‘æπ“∂ «‘™≠“≥√—μπå ¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡™ÿ¡™π §≥–∑πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√— å ¡À“«∑¬“≈‘ ¬¡À— ¥≈‘ 6 ∂.‚¬∏’ ‡¢μ√“™‡∑«’ °√ÿ߇∑æœ 10400 ‚∑√»—æ∑å: 02-203-6420 ·ø°´å: 02-203-6423 Õ’‡¡≈å: [email protected] ·À≈à߇ߑπ∑ÿπ: - «—π√—∫‡√◊ËÕß: 2 惻®‘°“¬π 2554 «—π¬Õ¡√—∫μ’æ‘¡æå: 16 ∏—𫓧¡ 2554
ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å‡®≈·≈–ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å«“√åπ‘™ 161 ∑‘æπ“∂ «‘™≠“≥√—μπå “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL Review article Fluoride Gel and Fluoride Varnish
Abstract Tippanart Vichayanrat The use of fluoride gels and fluoride varnishes is an effective CAGS (Pediatric Dentistry), M.S.D (Dental Public Health) caries preventive measure for caries susceptible individuals and population. Department of Community Dentistry, Since the majorities of Thai children are still at high-risk caries, it is crucial Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University that dental practitioners should be aware of the appropriate use of high- dose fluoride to maximize its benefit and minimize the adverse effects that may occur. This article provides a comprehensive review of the topical fluoride mechanism, the effectiveness of caries prevention, indication, methods of use, advantages, and disadvantages of fluoride gels and fluoride varnishes. The uses of fluoride gels and varnishes for Thai children and future research are recommended. Key words: fluoride gel, fluoride varnish, caries prevention, high-risk caries, Thai children
Correspondence author: Tippanart Vichayanrat Department of Community Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University 6 Yothi Street, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: 02-203-6420 Fax: 02-203-6423 E-mail: [email protected] Research Grant: - Received: 2 November 2011 Accepted: 16 December 2011
162 ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å‡®≈·≈–ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å«“√åπ‘™ ∑‘æπ“∂ «‘™≠“≥√—μπå “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 ∫∑§«“¡ª√‘∑—»πå √Õ¬§√“∫ ’¥”∫πøíπ∫√‘‡«≥‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õ∫‡Àß◊Õ°„π‡¥Á°
‡¢Á¡∑Õß ¡‘μ√°Ÿ≈ ∫∑§¥¬— Õà D.D.S., Cert. in Pediatric Dentistry, D.Sc.D √Õ¬§√“∫ ’¥”∫πøíπ∫√‘‡«≥‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õ∫‡Àß◊Õ°„π‡¥Á°æ∫‰¥â∫àÕ¬§√—Èß ¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡‡¥Á° ‰¡à°àÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡®Á∫ª«¥·μà àߺ≈μàÕ§«“¡ «¬ß“¡ „π∫∑§«“¡π’ȉ¥â»÷°…“ §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ √«∫√«¡≈—°…≥–‡©æ“–μ—«∑“ߧ≈‘π‘° §«“¡™ÿ° “‡Àμÿ°“√«‘π‘®©—¬ ∫∑∫“∑¢Õß ‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß·≈–ß“π«‘®—¬∑’Ë∑—π ¡—¬ √«¡∑—Èß §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß §«“¡™ÿ°¢Õß√Õ¬§√“∫π’È°—∫Õ—μ√“°“√‡°‘¥‚√§øíπºÿ∑’Ë≈¥≈ß·≈–§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å √–À«à“ߧ«“¡√ÿπ·√ߢÕß√Õ¬§√“∫°—∫§«“¡√ÿπ·√ߢÕß‚√§øíπºÿ √«¡∑—Èß ∫∑∫“∑ ¢Õß∑—πμ·æ∑¬å„π°“√¥Ÿ·≈ „À⧔·π–π” „π°√≥’∑’Ëæ∫ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’√Õ¬§√“∫π’ȉ¥â √À §”:— √Õ¬§√“∫ ¥”∫πø’ π∫√í ‡«≥‡Àπ‘ Õ¢Õ∫‡Àß◊ Õ°„π‡¥◊ °,Á ·ºπ§√“∫®à ≈ÿπ∑√‘ ¬’ ,å ‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬, ‚√§øíπºÿ
μ‘¥μàÕ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫∑§«“¡: ‡¢Á¡∑Õß ¡‘μ√°Ÿ≈ ¿“§«‘™“∑—πμ°√√¡‡¥Á° §≥–∑πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√— å ¡À“«∑¬“≈‘ ¬¡À— ¥≈‘ 6 ∂.‚¬∏’ ‡¢μ√“™‡∑«’ °√ÿ߇∑æœ 10400 ‚∑√»—æ∑å: 02-203-6450-3 μàÕ 114 ‚∑√ “√: 02-203-6450 ‚∑√»—æ∑å¡◊Õ∂◊Õ: 085-256-2922 Õ’‡¡≈å: [email protected] ·À≈à߇ߑπ∑ÿπ: - «—π∑’Ë√—∫‡√◊ËÕß: 7 μÿ≈“§¡ 2554 «—π¬Õ¡√—∫μ’æ‘¡æå: 26 ∏—𫓧¡ 2554
√Õ¬§√“∫ ’¥”∫πøíπ∫√‘‡«≥‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õ∫‡Àß◊Õ°„π‡¥Á° 175 ‡¢Á¡∑Õß ¡‘μ√°Ÿ≈ “ «∑‘‘ ¬ “√ « ∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å¡À‘¥≈ « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ ªï∑’Ë 31 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë 3, 2554 MAHIDOL DENTAL JOURNAL Review article Black tooth Stains in Children: An update
Kemthong Mitrakul Abstract D.D.S., Cert. in Pediatric Dentistry, Black tooth stain is one of common problems in pediatric dentistry. D.Sc.D Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Even though it does not result in pain but it associates with esthetic which Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University most parents are concern about. In this article, etiology, prevalence, possible causes, associated oral microflora, diagnosis and ongoing researches on black stain were reviewed. Many studies demonstrated a positive association between black stain and decreased dental caries prevalence as well as the relationship between degree of black stain and caries severity. As a dental professional, we should capable of providing an updated knowledge in this aspect as well as delivering a high quality of dental treatment. Keywords: black tooth stain in children, bacteria, dental plaque, dental caries
Correspondence author: Kemthong Mitrakul Department of Pediatric Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University 6 Yothi Street, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Tel: 02-203-6450-3 extension 114 Fax: 02-203-6450 Mobile phone: 085-256-2922 E-mail: [email protected] Research grant: - Received: 7 October 2011 Accepted: 26 December 2011
176 √Õ¬§√“∫ ’¥”∫πøíπ∫√‘‡«≥‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õ∫‡Àß◊Õ°„π‡¥Á° ‡¢Á¡∑Õß ¡‘μ√°Ÿ≈ B 191
¥√√™π’À—«‡√◊ËÕß: ªï∑’Ë 31, æ.». 2554
·π«‚πâ¡¢Õߧ«“¡°«â“ßøíπ¢ÕߺŸâÕ“»—¬„π°√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√ 1 »—°¬¿“æ¢Õߧ«“¡°«â“ßøíπ‡¢’È¬«„π°“√®”·π°‡æ»§π‰∑¬°≈ÿà¡Àπ÷Ëß 15 °“√√—∫√Ÿâ≈—°…≥–„∫Àπâ“¥â“π¢â“ß ·≈–Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈√Õ∫¢â“ßμàÕ§«“¡μâÕß°“√√—∫°“√√—°…“∑“ß∑—πμ°√√¡ ®—¥øíπ¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬∑’˧≈‘π‘°®—¥øíπ §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ 25 º≈°“√¬÷¥Õ¬Ÿà∑“ߧ≈‘π‘°¢Õß«— ¥ÿ‡§≈◊Õ∫À≈ÿ¡√àÕßøíπ™π‘¥‡√´‘π∑’Ë„™â√à«¡°—∫ “√¬÷¥μ‘¥‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫«— ¥ÿ‡§≈◊Õ∫ À≈ÿ¡√àÕßøíπ™π‘¥°≈“ ‰Õ‚Õ‡¡Õ√å„πøíπ°√“¡∂“«√´’Ë∑’Ë Õß∑’Ë¢÷Èπ‡æ’¬ß∫“ß à«π 37 ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ·≈–§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬¢Õß·ª√ß ’øíπ™π‘¥¢Õß·ª√ߪ≈“¬‡√’¬«·À≈¡º ¡ª≈“¬μ—¥ 47 °“√√—°…“ºŸâªÉ«¬¢âÕμàÕ¢“°√√‰°√À—°¥â«¬«∏‘ ’¥—¥·ª≈ß‚§≈ √’¥—°™—Ëπ: √“¬ß“πºŸâªÉ«¬ 1 √“¬ 57 º≈¢Õß “√‰æ√‡¡Õ√å ”À√—∫‚≈À–¡’μ√–°Ÿ≈μàÕ°”≈—ß·√߬÷¥·∫∫¥÷ß√–¥—∫®ÿ≈¿“§√–À«à“߇√´‘π´’‡¡πμå ·≈–‡´Õ√傧‡π’¬ 65 º≈¢ÕßπÈ”¬“≈â“ßøíπ‡∑’¬¡∑’Ë¡’ à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õß “√ °—¥®“°·°√πŸ≈„π‡¡≈Á¥≈”‰¬μàÕ‡ ∂’¬√¿“æ¢Õß ’, §«“¡¢√ÿ¢√–º‘« ·≈–§«“¡·¢Áߺ‘«¢ÕßæÕ≈‘‡¡Õ√åª√–¥‘…∞å∞“πøíπ‡∑’¬¡ 73 °“√„™â¿“æ√—ß ’‚§π∫’¡§Õ¡æ‘«‡μÁ¥‚∑‚¡°√“øïª√–‡¡‘π‡æ◊Ëՙ૬„π°“√μ—¥ ‘π„®°àÕπ°“√√—°…“Õ‘π‡∑π™—ππÕ≈ ‡ÕÁπ‚¥¥Õπμå 81 °“√‡Àπ’ˬ«π”‡´≈≈å·μ°μ“¬‡Õß„π‡´≈≈å¡–‡√Áß™àÕߪ“°™π‘¥ §«“¡— ¥â«¬ “√ °—¥°√–™“¬ 89 ªí®®—¬∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈μàÕæƒμ‘°√√¡°“√∫√‘‚¿§º≈‘μ¿—≥±å¥Ÿ·≈ ÿ¢¿“æ™àÕߪ“°¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬§≈‘π‘°∑—πμ°√√¡∫√‘°“√ (§≈‘π‘°æ‘‡»…) §≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈ 101 Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õߧ«“¡«‘μ°°—ß«≈¢ÕߺŸâª°§√ÕßμàÕ√–¥—∫§«“¡°≈—« / §«“¡«‘μ°°—ß«≈„π°“√∑”øíπ„π‡¥Á°‰∑¬°≈ÿà¡Àπ÷Ëß 111 §à“‡´ø“‚≈‡¡μ√‘°„πºŸâªÉ«¬øíπÀπâ“ ∫‡ªî¥∑’Ë®—¥øíπ√à«¡°—∫°“√„™â·≈–‰¡à„™âÀ¡ÿ¥¬÷¥∑“ß∑—πμ°√√¡®—¥øíπ 121 ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√μâ“π‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬¢Õß‚ª√æÕ≈‘ μàÕ‡™◊ÈÕ‡ÕÁπ‡∑Õ‚√§Õ°§— ø輪≈≈‘ ·≈–‡™◊ÈÕæÕ√åøî‚√‚¡·π ®‘π®‘«“≈‘ 131 °“√®”·π°‡æ»§π‰∑¬¥â«¬¥—™π’øíπ‡¢’È¬« 141 ¡∫—μ‘∑“ß°“¬¿“æ¢Õߪ≈“ ‡μÕ√åÀ‘π∑’Ë®”Àπà“¬„πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ 151 ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å‡®≈·≈–ø≈ŸÕÕ‰√¥å«“√åπ‘™ 161 √Õ¬§√“∫ ’¥”∫πøíπ∫√‘‡«≥‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õ∫‡Àß◊Õ°„π‡¥Á° 175 B 192
Subject Index: Volume 31, 2011
Trend of tooth width of Bangkok residents 1 Potential sex identification of canine width in a group of Thais 15 Self perception and social influence on facial profile of the patients seeking for orthodontic treatment at Orthodontic Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University 25 The clinical comparison of sealant retention between resin-based fissure sealant with adhesive and glass ionomer sealant on partially erupted second permanent molars 37 Effectiveness and safety of slim mixed cut ends bristle toothbrushes 47 The treatment of condylar fractured by applying closed reduction: A case report 57 Effect of noble metal primers on the microtensile bond strength of resin cements to zirconia 65 Effect of denture cleanser containing longan-extract granules on color stability, surface roughness and hardness of a polymeric denture base material 73 Using cone-beam computerized tomography before initiation intentional endodontic treatment 81 Apoptotic induction of Boesenbergia pandurata extract on oral squamous carcinoma cells 89 Factors influencing oral health care products consuming behavior of patients in dental clinic (Special clinic) at Faculty of Dentistry Mahidol University 101 The influences of parental anxiety on level of dental fear/anxiety in a group of Thai children 111 Cephalometric assessment in anterior open bite patients treated woth and without mini-implant anchorages 121 Antimicrebial Efficacy of Propolis against Enterococcus faeclis and Porphyromonas gingivalis 131 Sexual dimorphism in Thais using canine index 141 Physical properties of dental stones available in Thailand 151 Fluoride gel and Fluoride varnish 161 Black stains in children: An update 175 B 193
¥√√™π’ºŸâ·μàß: ªï∑’Ë 31, æ.». 2554
°π°«√√≥ æ—≤π‰æ√ ≥±å 47 ≈’√«√√≥ ∫Ÿ√≥®√√¬“°ÿ≈ 111 °¡≈“ «ÿ≤‘ “√«—≤π“ 65 «‘¿“¥“ ‡≈‘»ƒ∑∏‘Ï 1 °Õß°“≠®πå æ√ Ÿß àß 47 «π‘¥“ »√’‰æ‚√®πå∏‘°Ÿ≈ 15, 89, 141 °—≈¬“ »ÿæÿ∑∏¡ß§≈ 151 «√“π—π∑å ∫—«®’∫ 73 ¢®√‡°’¬√μ‘ ‡®π∫¥‘π∑√å 89 «‘°ÿ≈ «‘≈“ ‡ ∂å 47 ‡¢Á¡∑Õß ¡‘μ√°Ÿ≈ 111, 175 «‘™≠ °“≠®π–« ‘μ 73 ®‘πμπ“ “√–∫√√®ß 131 »»‘¿“ ∏’√¥‘≈° 25 ®ÿ±“√—μπå ‡™’ˬ««“π‘™ 25 ¡™—¬ ¡‚πæ—≤π°ÿ≈ 1 ®ÿÓ≈—°…≥å °…μ√ ÿ«√√≥ 47 ¡™“¬ Õÿ√æ’æ≈ 65 ™π—≠∏√ ∑Õß ≈ÿ°«ß»å 89 ÿæ—≤™—¬ ∫ÿ≠ª√–∂—¡¿å 25,121 ™≈“∏‘ª ™¡æŸπÿ™ ≥ Õ¬ÿ∏¬“ 111 ÿ√™—¬ ‡≈‘» ÿ√»—°¥“ 57 ™—™√’ ÿ™“μ‘≈È”æß»å 151 ÿ√—μπå ¡ß§≈™—¬Õ√—≠≠“ 47 ™‘μ«≈’ ≈’μ√–°Ÿ≈«√√≥“ 81 ÿ«√√≥’ ≈—¿π–æ√≈“¿ 121 ≥—∞°“πμå ‰μ√μ“ππ∑å 111 À¬“¥æ‘√ÿ≥ ®‘√«—≤π°ÿ≈ 89 ≥—∞«√√∏πå æ’√∑—쇫™°ÿ≈ 101 Õ—§√‘π ¿“πÿ ∂‘μ¬å 141 ¥πÿ™‘…≥å æπ¡¬ß§å 81 Õ“√’√—μπå º≈‘μππ∑凰’¬√μ‘ 47 ∑«’æß»å Õ“√¬–æ‘»‘…∞ 15, 89, 141 Õ‘∑∏‘°√ ·´à≈âÕ 1 ∑‘æπ“∂ «‘™≠“≥√—μπå 161 ∏𑬓 À¡«¥‡™’¬ß§– 131 ππ∑‘π’ μ—È߇®√‘≠¥’ 47 π≈‘π’ Õÿ¥¡™—¬ °ÿ≈ 73 𗬫‘π‘μ ¡ ÿ¢∑«’°Ÿ≈ 141 π‘쬓 ‡æÁß√—°…å 25 π‘æ‘∞ ÿ¿“®“√ÿæ—π∏å 141 ∫ÿ…¬√—μπå —πμ‘«ß»å 47 ªï¬å‡¡∏ ∫ÿ≠¡’¢“« 1 æß»å ∂‘μ ∫—≥±‘μ 141 æß»∏√ æŸà∑Õߧ” 121 殡“π »√’π«√—μπå 151 æ√æ®πå ‡øóòÕß∏“√∑‘æ¬å 1 æ’√»ÿ…¡å √Õ¥Õπ—πμå 101 ‡æÁ≠ª√–¿“ ™‘«™√—μπå 121 ¡“≈’ Õ√ÿ≥“°Ÿ√ 111 ¬ÿ«¥’ Õ—»«π—π∑å 111 √«‘π—π∑å ¡—Ëß§ß 89 √–«’«√√≥ Õ“√¬– —πμ‘¿“æ 81 B 194
Author Index: Volume 31, 2011
Akkarin Panusatid 141 Sasipa Thiradilok 25 Areerat Phalitnonkiat 47 Somchai Manopatanakul 1 Busayarat Santiwong 37 Somchai Urapepon 65 Chalatip Chompunud Na Ayudthaya 111 Supatchai Boonprathum 25, 121 Chanunthorn Thongsagulwong 89 Surachai Kertsurasakda 57 Chatcharee Suchatlampong 151 Surat Mongkilnchai-aranya 47 Chitvaree Leetrakulwanna 81 Suwannee Luppanapornlarp 121 Danuchit Banomyong 81 Tawepong Arayapisit 15, 89, 141 Ittigon Law 1 Thaniya Muadcheingka 131 Jintana Sarabunchong 131 Tippanart Vichayanrat 161 Julalux Kasetsuwan 47 Wanida Sripaifohthikoon 15, 89, 141 Jutharat Chiewvanich 25 Waranun Buajeeb 73 Kajohnkiart Janebodin 89 Widchaya Kanchanavasita 73 Kallaya Suputtamongkol 151 Wikul Visalseth 47 Kamala Wootthisarnwatthana 65 Wipada Lertrid 1 Kanokwan Pattanapraison 47 Yardpiroon Jirawattanakul 89 Kemthong Mitrakul 111, 175 Yuwadee Asvanund 111 Kongkarn Pornsoongsong 37 Leerawan Buranajanyakul 111 Malee Arunakul 111 Naiwinit Somsuktaweekoon 141 Nalinee Udomchaisakul 73 Nattakan Traitanon 111 Nipit Supajarupan 141 Nittaya Pengrux 25 Nontinee Tangchareondee 47 Nuttawat Peeratatavetkul 101 Pemet Boonmegaew 1 Penprapa Chiewcharat 121 Pirasut Rodanant 101 Pongstit Bundit 141 Pongstorn Putongkam 121 Pornpoj Fuangtharnthip 1 Potchaman Sinavarat 151 Raweewan Arayasantiparb 81 Rawinun Munkong 89 B 1
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¿“æ∂à“¬ „™â‰¥â∑—Èß¿“æ ’À√◊Õ¢“«¥” „π°√≥’‡ªìπ¿“æ∂à“¬„ÀâÕ—¥¥â«¬°√–¥“…¡—π¢π“¥ 8.9X14 ´¡. (‚ª °“√å¥) ·≈–¿“æ∂à“¬μâÕß™—¥‡®π §«√∫Õ°™◊ËÕ‡√◊ËÕß ™◊ËÕºŸâ‡¢’¬π À¡“¬‡≈¢μ“¡≈”¥—∫¢Õß¿“æ·≈–∑”‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬· ¥ß¢Õ∫∫π¢Õß¿“æ·≈–„ à´Õß·¬°μà“ßÀ“° °√≥’‡ªìπ¿“æ·∫∫¥‘®‘∑μÕ≈ (digital) §«√¡’·øÑ¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈·¬°μà“ßÀ“°‰¡à§«√ Õ¥·∑√°„π‡π◊ÈÕ‡√◊ËÕß ‚¥¬„™â√Ÿª·∫∫„¥°Á‰¥â ‡™àπ (gps, fpg) μâÕß “¡“√∂‡ªî¥‰¥â¥â«¬‚ª√·°√¡®—¥°“√¿“æ (adobe photoshop) ·≈–§«√∫—π∑÷°¿“æ≈ß„π·ºàπ∫—π∑÷° (diskette) À√◊Õ ´’¥’√Õ¡ (CD ROM) ¥â«¬§«“¡≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢Õß¿“扡àπâÕ¬°«à“ 300 ¥’æ’‰Õ (dpi) °√≥’¿“æ≈“¬‡ âπ °√“ø À√◊Õ·ºπ¿¡‘Ÿ „À⇢’¬πÀ√◊Õæ‘¡æå≈ß∫π°√–¥“…¡—𠧫√„™âÀ¡÷° ’¥” ·≈–μâÕß¡’§”∫√√¬“¬·°πμ—Èß (ordinate) ·≈–·°ππÕπ (abscissa) 5. ¿“æ√—ß ’ „Àâ∂à“¬√Ÿª®“°øî≈塇հ´‡√¬åμâπ©∫—∫‡ ’¬°àÕπ ·≈â«π”‰ªÕ—¥‡ªìπ¿“梓«-¥” ‰¡à§«√Õ—¥¿“殓°øî≈塇հ´‡√¬å ‡æ√“–®–‰¥â¿“æ∑’Ë º‘¥®“°§«“¡‡ªìπ®√‘ß ·≈–‰¡à§«√π”¿“æ√—ß ’‰ª°√“¥¿“æ (scan) ‡æ◊ËÕ·ª≈߇ªìπ¿“æª√–°Õ∫√Ÿª·∫∫¥‘®‘μÕ≈ 6. μ“√“ß (Table) 1. μâÕß∑”μ“√“ß·¬°μà“ßÀ“°®“°‡π◊ÈÕ‡√◊ËÕß ‚¥¬æ‘¡æåÀπâ“≈– 1 μ“√“ß ‡«âπ∑’Ë«à“ß„π‡π◊ÈÕ‡√◊ËÕßæ√âÕ¡∑—È߇¢’¬π·®â߉«â„π°√Õ∫ §”Õ∏‘∫“¬¿“愙⠿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… 2. μâÕß¡’™◊ËÕ (Title) ∑’Ë —Èπ ◊ËÕ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“¢Õßμ“√“ß ¡’‡≈¢°”°—∫μ“¡≈”¥—∫∑’ËÕâ“ß∂÷ß„π∫∑§«“¡ „Àâæ‘¡æå‡Àπ◊Õμ“√“ß §”∫√√¬“¬μ“√“ß„Àâæ‘¡æå μàÕ®“°™◊ËÕμ“√“ß·≈–§«√¡’‡©æ“–∑’Ë ”§—≠·≈–®”‡ªìπ B 8
3. ‡™‘ßÕ√√∂ (Footnote) „μâμ“√“ß ∫√√¬“¬§”¬àÕ —≠≈—°…≥å À√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬∑’˪√“°Ø„πμ“√“ß μ≈Õ¥®π§à“∑¥ Õ∫∑“ß ∂‘μ‘ (∂â“¡’) Õ¬à“ß §√∫∂â«π ‡™‘ßÕ√√∂‰¡à§«√„™â‡≈¢°”°—∫‡æ√“–Õ“® —∫ π°—∫‡≈¢°”°—∫¢Õ߇հ “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß „Àℙ⇪ìπ —≠≈—°…≥å μ—«Õ¬à“ß ‡™àπ *, +, #, ** ‡ªìπμâπ 4. ‰¡àμâÕß¡’‡ âπ¥‘Ëß·≈–‡ âπ¢«“ß„πμ“√“ß ‰¡àμâÕß¡’°√Õ∫μ“√“ß °“√„™â¿“æª√–°Õ∫∑’Ë¡“®“°·À≈àßÕ◊Ëπ μâÕß¡’Àπ—ß ◊Õ§”¬‘π¬Õ¡®“°‡®â“¢Õß¿“æÀ√◊ÕºŸâ∂◊Õ≈‘¢ ‘∑∏‘Ï¿“æ ·≈–‡¢’¬π°”°—∫‰«â √Ÿª·∫∫¢Õß°“√‡μ√’¬¡∫∑«‘∑¬“°“√ à«π∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß ∫∑§«“¡«‘∑¬“°“√§«√ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬À—«¢âÕμà“ß Ê ¥—ßμàÕ‰ªπ’È 1. ™Õ‡√◊Ë Õß◊Ë (Title) §«“¡¬“« ‰¡à‡°‘π 100 μ—«Õ—°…√ §«√¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ¢âÕ§«“¡°√–™—∫ ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õ߇√◊ËÕßÕ¬à“ß™—¥‡®π 2. ™◊ËÕºŸâπ‘æπ∏å (Author) ™◊ËÕ·≈–π“¡ °ÿ≈‡∑à“π—Èπ ∂â“¡’ºŸâ‡¢’¬πÀ≈“¬§π„Àâ‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫§«“¡ ”§—≠μàÕ‡√◊ËÕß√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥‡°’ˬ«°—∫ºŸâ‡¢’¬π ‡™àπ «ÿ≤‘°“√»÷°…“ μ”·Àπàß∑“ß«‘™“°“√ ∂“∫—π∑’Ë∑”ß“π À√◊Õ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∑’Ëμ‘¥μàÕ‰¥â –¥«° 3. ºŸâπ‘æπ∏å´÷Ëß√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫μ‘¥μàÕ‡°’ˬ«°—∫∫∑§«“¡ (Correspondence author) ¡’™◊ËÕºŸâπ‘æπ∏å‡æ’¬ß§π‡¥’¬« π“¡ °ÿ≈ μ”·Àπàß∑“ß «‘™“°“√ ∂“π∑’Ë∑”ß“π À¡“¬‡≈¢‚∑√»—æ∑å∑’Ë∑”ß“π À¡“¬‡≈¢‚∑√»—æ∑å¡◊Õ∂◊Õ ‚∑√ “√ √«¡∑—ÈßÕ’‡¡≈å (E-mail) ∑’Ë “¡“√∂μ‘¥μàÕ‰¥â –¥«°·≈–√«¥‡√Á« 4. ·À≈à߇ߑπ∑ÿπ (Research grant) „Àâ∫Õ°√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ ·À≈àß∑ÿπ π—∫ πÿπ°“√»÷°…“ ‡√’¬ßμ“¡≈”¥—∫¥—ßπ’È ™◊ËÕ∑ÿπ ™◊ËÕ ∂“∫—π∑’Ë„Àâ∑ÿπ ªï∑’ˉ¥â√—∫∑ÿπ À¡“¬‡≈¢¢Õß∑ÿπ«‘®—¬ (∂â“¡’) à«π∑’Ë Õß ¡’√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¥—ßπ’È 1. ∫∑§¥¬— Õà (Abstract) ¡’§«“¡¬“«‰¡à‡°‘π 250 §” ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬À—«¢âÕ¥—ßπ’È - «μ∂— ª√– ߧÿ å (Objective) ®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬¢Õß°“√»÷°…“√«¡∑—ÈßÕâ“ß∂÷ß ¡¡μ‘∞“π¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ - «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å·≈–«‘∏’°“√»÷°…“ (Materials and methods) «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥åÀ√◊ÕºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ëπ”¡“»÷°…“ ®”π«π ™π‘¥ ª√–‡¿∑ «‘∏’°“√»÷°…“ À√◊Õ«‘∏’°“√∑¥≈Õß ·≈– ∂‘μ‘∑’Ëπ”¡“„™â - º≈°“√»°…“÷ (Results) º≈∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√»÷°…“∑¥≈Õß ·≈–°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå∑“ß ∂‘μ‘ - ∫∑ √ªÿ (Conclusion) º≈°“√»÷°…“∑’Ë ”§—≠∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√∑¥≈Õß - √À— §” (Key words) 3-6 §” „Àâ‡√’¬ß§” ”§—≠μ“¡Õ—°…√·≈–∂Ⓡªìπ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…§—Ëπ¥â«¬‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬®ÿ≈¿“§ (,) - °“√‡μ√’¬¡∫∑§«“¡ª√‘∑—»πå „π°“√‡¢’¬π∫∑§—¥¬àÕ§«√¡’À—«¢âÕ¥—ßπ’È - «μ∂— ª√– ߧÿ å (Objective) ®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬¢Õß°“√»÷°…“√«¡∑—ÈßÕâ“ß∂÷ß ¡¡μ‘∞“π¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ - √À— §” (Key words) 3-6 §”„Àâ‡√’¬ß§” ”§—≠μ“¡Õ—°…√·≈–§—Ëπ¥â«¬‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬®ÿ≈¿“§ (,) à«π∑’Ë “¡ ‡π◊ÈÕ‡√◊ËÕßæ‘¡æ凪ìπ¿“…“‰∑¬À√◊ÕÕ—ß°ƒ…°Á‰¥â À—«¢âÕ¢Õ߇π◊ÈÕ‡√◊ËÕß æ‘¡æå„À♑¥À—«·∂«´â“¬¡◊Õ ÿ¥ ·μà≈–À—«¢âÕ„Àâ¢÷Èπ°√–¥“…·ºàπ„À¡à ´÷Ëß∫∑«‘∑¬“°“√ ·≈–∫∑§«“¡ª√‘∑—»πå®–„™âÀ—«¢âÕ‡À¡◊Õπ°—π∑ÿ°ª√–°“√ ‚¥¬ ‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫À—«¢âÕ¢Õ߇π◊ÈÕ‡√◊ËÕߥ—ßπ’È 1. ∫∑π” (Introduction) ‡ªìπ à«π°≈à“«π”‚¥¬Õ“»—¬°“√μ√«®‡Õ° “√ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°√“¬ß“π«‘®—¬ §«“¡√Ÿâ ·≈–À≈—°∞“πμà“ß Ê ®“°Àπ—ß ◊ÕÀ√◊Õ «‘∑¬“ “√∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë»÷°…“ ·≈–°≈à“«∂÷߇Àμÿº≈À√◊Õ§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õߪí≠À“„π°“√»÷°…“ ¡¡μ‘∞“π¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ μ≈Õ¥®π«—μ∂ÿª√– ߧå¢Õß °“√»÷°…“„Àâ™—¥‡®π ¢Õ∫‡¢μ ·≈–«‘∏’°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√«‘®—¬ §«√¡’°“√°≈à“«Õâ“ß∂÷ß∫∑§«“¡À√◊Õ‡Õ° “√∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë°”≈—ß∑”°“√«‘®—¬ ‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õßß“π∑’ˇ πÕ„π∫∑§«“¡π’È°—∫§«“¡√Ÿâ‡¥‘¡‡∑à“∑’Ë∑√“∫°—πÕ¬Ÿà ‡ªìπ à«π¢Õß∫∑§«“¡∑’Ë∫Õ°‡Àμÿº≈ 𔉪 Ÿà°“√»÷°…“ ·μà‰¡àμâÕßμ√«®‡Õ° “√ (Litera- ture Review) ∑’ˉ¡à‡°’ˬ«°—∫®ÿ¥¡ÿàßÀ¡“¬¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ §«√‡ªìπ à«π∑’ËÕ∏‘∫“¬„À⺟âÕà“π√Ÿâ«à“®–μÕ∫§”∂“¡Õ–‰√ „Àâ√«¡«—μ∂ÿª√– ߧå¢Õß°“√»÷°…“‡ªìπ√âÕ¬ ·°â«„π à«π∑⓬¢Õß∫∑π” ·μà‰¡àμâÕ߇¢’¬πº≈°“√»÷°…“·≈– √ÿª 2. «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å·≈–«‘∏’°“√»÷°…“ (Materials and methods) °≈à“«∂÷ß√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢Õß«— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å ™◊ËÕ‡§¡’¿—≥±å ·À≈àß∑’Ë¡“ ≈—°…≥– ‡©æ“–À√◊Õ√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥¢ÕßÕÿª°√≥凧√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß„™âμà“ß Ê ¢—ÈπμÕπ¢Õß°“√∑¥≈Õß ¡“μ√°“√∑’Ë„™â»÷°…“ «‘∏’°“√‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ «‘∏’°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ·≈– ∂‘μ‘∑’Ëπ”¡“„™â«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ 3. º≈°“√»÷°…“ (Results) · ¥ßº≈∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√»÷°…“∑¥≈Õß·≈–«‘‡§√“–Àåº≈ §«√®”·π°ÕÕ°‡ªìπÀ¡«¥À¡Ÿà·≈– —¡æ—π∏å°—∫«—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å ¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ §«√„™â¿“æª√–°Õ∫ μ“√“ß °√“ø À√◊Õ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘·ª≈§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õߺ≈∑’˧âπæ∫À√◊Õ«‘‡§√“–Àå Õ¬à“ß„¥Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß √ÿª‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫ ¡¡ÿμ‘∞“π∑’Ë«“߉«â μ“¡«‘∏’∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë«‘‡§√“–Àå 4. ∫∑«®“√≥‘ å (Discussion) «‘®“√≥剥âμ—Èß·μà«—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å ¡¡ÿμ‘∞“π¢Õß°“√«‘®—¬ º≈∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√»÷°…“‡À¡◊ÕπÀ√◊Õ·μ°μà“߉ª®“°º≈ß“π∑’Ë ¡’ºŸâ√“¬ß“π‰«â°àÕπÀ√◊Õ‰¡à Õ¬à“߉√ ‡æ√“–‡Àμÿ„¥®÷߇ªìπ‡™àππ—Èπ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ¡’§«“¡‡¢â“„®À√◊Õ‡°‘¥§«“¡√Ÿâ„À¡à∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ß“π«‘®—¬π—Èπ √«¡∑—ÈߢâÕ¥’ ¢âÕ‡ ’¬¢Õß «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å·≈–«‘∏’°“√ ‡ πÕ·π–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ„À¡à Ê ªí≠À“μà“ß Ê ∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√»÷°…“∑¥≈Õߧ√—Èßπ’È 5. ∫∑ √ªÿ (Conclusion) º≈‚¥¬¬àÕ¢Õß°“√»÷°…“ º≈∑’ˉ¥âμ√ß°—∫«—μ∂ÿª√– ߧ尓√«‘®—¬À√◊Õ‰¡à 6. °‘μμ‘°√√¡ª√–°“» (Acknowledgements) °≈à“«¢Õ∫§ÿ≥μàÕÕߧå°√ Àπ૬ߓπ À√◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈∑’Ë„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ√à«¡¡◊Õ„π°“√«‘®—¬ 7. ‡Õ° “√Õ“ßÕâ ß‘ (References) „ àμ—«‡≈¢Õ“√∫‘°À≈—ߢâÕ§«“¡À√◊ÕÀ≈—ß™◊ËÕ∫ÿ§§≈‡®â“¢ÕߢâÕ§«“¡∑’ËÕâ“ß∂÷ß „ÀâÕâ“ßÕ‘ß¥â«¬μ—«‡≈¢∑’ˇªπμì «¬°— (superscript) À≈—ߢâÕ§«“¡ ´÷Ë߇√’¬ßÀ¡“¬‡≈¢ 1, 3, 6 À√◊ÕÀ¡“¬‡≈¢ 1-3 ™‘¥´â“¬‡ ¡Õ·≈–‰¡àμâÕß„ à«ß‡≈Á∫ ‡√’¬ßμ“¡≈”¥—∫°àÕπÀ≈—ß∑’Ë°≈à“«∂÷ß„π∫∑§«“¡ ∂â“μâÕß°“√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß´È”„Àâ„™âÀ¡“¬‡≈¢‡¥‘¡ °“√‡¢’¬π‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß „™â°“√Õâ“ßÕ‘ßμ“¡√–∫∫·«π§‡«Õ√åŸ (Vancouver system) ™◊ËÕ«“√ “√„Àâ„™â™◊ËÕ¬àÕμ“¡√ª·∫∫°“√‡¢’¬πÕâ“ßÕ‘ß„πŸ Pubmed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi) „π°√≥’∑’Ë™◊ËÕ¬àÕ«“√ “√‰¡àª√“°Ø„π PubMed „Àâ„™â™◊ËÕ¬àÕ«“√ “√μ“¡ Index Medicus ‚¥¬¡’μ—«Õ¬à“ߥ—ßπ’È 7.1 °“√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß«“√ “√ ∂⓺Ÿâπ‘æπ∏å‰¡à‡°‘π 6 §π „Àâ„ à™◊ËÕ∑ÿ°§π∂â“¡“°°«à“ 6 §π„Àâ„ à 6 §π·√°μ“¡¥â«¬ çet al.é ∂Ⓡªìπ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… À√◊Õ ç·≈–§≥–é ∂Ⓡªìπ ¿“…“‰∑¬ 7.1.1 «“√ “√¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ… ™◊ËÕºŸâπ‘æπ∏å. ™◊ËÕ∫∑§«“¡. ™◊ËÕ«“√ “√ ªï∑’Ëæ‘¡æå; ªï∑’Ë: Àπâ“∑’ËÕâ“ßÕ‘ß. μ—«Õ¬à“ß (¢÷Èπμâπ¥â«¬π“¡ °ÿ≈ μ“¡¥â«¬ Õ—°…√μ—«·√°¢Õß™◊ËÕμâπ·≈–™◊ËÕ°≈“ß à«πªï∑’Ëæ‘¡æ凪ìπªï§√‘ μå»—°√“™) μ—«Õ¬à“ß Harnirattisai C, Inokoshi S, Shimada Y, Hosada H. Interfacial morphology of an adhesive composite resin and etched caries-affected dentin. Oper Dent 1992; 17: 222-8. B 9
7.1.2 «“√ “√¿“…“‰∑¬ ™◊ËÕºŸâπ‘æπ∏å. ™◊ËÕ∫∑§«“¡. ™◊ËÕ«“√ “√ ªï∑’Ëæ‘¡æå; ªï∑’Ë: Àπâ“∑’ËÕâ“ßÕ‘ß. μ—«Õ¬à“ß (™◊ËÕºŸâπ‘æπ∏å„Àâ„™â™◊ËÕ‡μÁ¡∑—Èß™◊ËÕμ—« ·≈–π“¡ °ÿ≈ ·≈–ªï∑’Ëæ‘¡æ凪ìπªïæÿ∑∏»—°√“™) μ«Õ¬— “ßà ∏’√≈—°…≥å ÿ∑∏‡ ∂’¬√, ÿ∑—» √—°ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï°≈,Ÿ ≥—∞æß»å ‘√‘π∑«—≤πå, «’√–»—°¥‘Ï ‰æ√—™‡«∑¬å, ª√–¿“°√ ®”πߪ√– “∑æ√. ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ ¢Õ߬“™“Õ“√å쑇§π·≈–¬“™“≈‘‚¥‡§π„π°“√ºà“μ—¥øíπ°√“¡§ÿ¥≈à“ß´’Ë∑’Ë “¡. « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ 2548; 25: 59-66. 7.1.3 ºŸâπ‘æπ∏å∑’ˇªìπÕߧå°√ ™◊ËÕÕߧå°√. ™◊ËÕ∫∑§«“¡. ™◊ËÕ«“√ “√ ªï∑’Ëæ‘¡æå; ªï∑’Ë: Àπâ“∑’ËÕâ“ßÕ‘ß. μ—«Õ¬à“ß §≥–ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠®“° ¡“§¡Õÿ√‡«™·Ààߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬. ‡°≥±å°“√«‘π‘®©—¬·≈–·π«∑“ß°“√ª√–‡¡‘π°“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ¢Õß ‚√§√–∫∫°“√À“¬„®‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ. ·æ∑¬ ¿“ “√ 2538; 24: 190-204. Council on Dental Materials and Devices. New American Dental Association Specification No. 27 for direct filling resins. J Am Dent Assoc 1977; 94: 1191-4. 7.2 °“√Õâ“ßÕ‘ßÀπ—ß ◊Õ 7.2.1 ºŸâπ‘æπ∏å∑’ˇªìπºŸâ‡¢’¬π ™◊ËÕºŸâπ‘æπ∏å. ™◊ËÕÀπ—ß ◊Õ §√—Èß∑’Ëæ‘¡æå. ‡¡◊Õß∑’Ëæ‘¡æå: ”π—°æ‘¡æå; ªï∑’Ë μ«Õ¬— “ßà ¡π— ‚√®πå«π“°“√, ÿ∑—» √—°ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï°≈.Ÿ øíπ§ÿ¥ æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë 1. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√: ‚√ßæ‘¡æå ÿ∑∏‘- “√°“√æ‘¡æå; 2530: 14-15. Ringsven MK, Bond D. Gerotology and leadership skills for nurses. 2nd ed. Albany (NY): Delmar Publishers; 1996: 215-30. 7.2.2 ºŸâπ‘æπ∏å∑’ˇªìπÕߧå°√ ™◊ËÕÕߧå°√. ™◊ËÕÀπ—ß ◊Õ. ‡¡◊Õß∑’Ëæ‘¡æå: ”π—°æ‘¡æå; ªï∑’Ëæ‘¡æå. μ—«Õ¬à“ß Õߧå°√ºŸâ∫√‘À“√§≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å·Ààߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬. øíπ¥’¡’„™âμ≈Õ¥™’«‘μ. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√: ‚√ßæ‘¡æå∫√‘…—∑™—μ‡μÕ√å ·Õπ¥åՑߧå; 2538. Virginia Law Foundation. The medical and legal implication of AIDS. Chalottevill: The Foundation; 1987. 7.2.3 ºŸâπ‘æπ∏å∑’ˇªìπºŸâ‡¢’¬π·≈–∫√√≥“∏‘°“√„πμ”√“ ™◊ËÕºŸâπ‘æπ∏å. ™◊ËÕ∫∑∑’ËÕâ“ßÕ‘ß. „π: ™◊ËÕ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√, (∂Ⓡªìπ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…„™â in) ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√. ™◊ËÕÀπ—ß ◊Õ. §√—Èß∑’Ëæ‘¡æå. ‡¡◊Õß∑’Ëæ‘¡æå: ”π—°æ‘¡æå; ªï∑’Ëæ‘¡æå.Àπâ“∑’ËÕâ“ßÕ‘ß. μ—«Õ¬à“ß ÿ∑—» √—°ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï°Ÿ≈. ¿“«–·∑√°´âÕπ‡©æ“–∑’Ë®“°°“√©’¥¬“™“‡©æ“–∑’Ë. „π: ÿ∑—» √—°ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï-°Ÿ≈, ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√. μ”√“¬“™“ ‡©æ“–∑’Ë@∑—πμ°√√¡. æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√: ‚√ßæ‘¡æå‡∑Á°´å·Õπ¥å‡®Õ√åπ—≈æ—∫≈‘‡§™—Ëπ®”°—¥; 2548: 333-50. Yamada KM. Fibronectin and other cell interactive glycoproteins. In: Hay ED, editor. Cell biology of extracellular matrix. 2nd ed. New York: Plenum Press; 1991: 111-46. 7.2.4 ºŸâπ‘æπ∏åÀ≈“¬§π‚¥¬·¬°‡¢’¬π‡©æ“–∫∑·≈–¡’∫√√≥“∏‘°“√¢ÕßÀπ—ß ◊Õ ™◊ËÕºŸâπ‘æπ∏å. ™◊ËÕ∫∑∑’ËÕâ“ßÕ‘ß. „π: ™◊ËÕ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√, (∂Ⓡªìπ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…„™â In) ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√. ™◊ËÕÀπ—ß ◊Õ. §√—Èß∑’Ëæ‘¡æå. ‡¡◊Õß∑’Ëæ‘¡æå: ”π—°æ‘¡æå; ªï∑’Ëæ‘¡æå. Àπâ“∑’ËÕâ“ß∂÷ß. μ—«Õ¬à“ß ÿ∑—» √—°ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï°Ÿ≈, ∏’√≈—°…≥å ÿ∑∏‡ ∂’¬√. °“¬«‘¿“§„π°“√©’¥¬“™“‡©æ“–∑’Ë. „π: ÿ∑—» √—°-ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï°Ÿ≈, ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√. μ”√“¬“™“‡©æ“–∑’Ë@∑—πμ°√√¡. æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√: ‚√ßæ‘¡æå‡∑Á°´å-·Õπ¥å‡®Õ√åπ—≈æ—∫≈‘‡§™—Ëπ®”°—¥; 2548: 99-146. Philipps SJ, Whisnant JP. Hypertension and stroke. In:Largh JH, Brenner BM, editors. Hypertension:patophysiology, diagnosis, and management. 2nd ed. New York:Raven Press; 1995: 465-78. °“√æ‘®“√≥“°≈—Ëπ°√Õß ∫∑§«“¡®–‰¥â√—∫°“√æ‘®“√≥“°≈—Ëπ°√Õß‚¥¬ºŸâ∑√ߧÿ≥«ÿ≤‘„π “¢“«‘™“π—Èπ Ê Õ¬à“ßπâÕ¬ 2 ∑à“π ‚¥¬„™â‡«≈“ª√–¡“≥ 4 ∂÷ß 8 —ª¥“Àå ®“°π—Èπ ®–·®âߺ≈°“√æ‘®“√≥“„À⺟⇢’¬π∑√“∫ μâπ©∫—∫∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√æ‘®“√≥“‡æ◊ËÕ®–μ’æ‘¡æå„π«‘∑¬“ “√ ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√®–®—¥ àß∫∑§«“¡„À⺟â√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫·°â‰¢ß“π„π°√≥’∑’˺Ÿâ∑√ߧÿ≥«ÿ≤‘‡ πÕ ·π–„Àⷰ≢„Àⷰ≢À√◊Õ™’È·®ß‡æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡®π‡ªìπ∑’ˇ√’¬∫√âÕ¬°àÕπ®÷ß®–μ’æ‘¡æå ·≈–μâÕß à߇հ “√∑—ÈßÀ¡¥°≈—∫§◊π¡“μ“¡‡«≈“∑’Ë°”Àπ¥¡‘©–π—Èπ®–∂◊Õ«à“∑à“π ‰¡àμâÕß°“√≈ßμ’æ‘¡æå °√≥’∑’Ë∫∑§«“¡‰¥â√—∫°“√æ‘®“√≥“„Àâμ’æ‘¡æå ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√®–·®âß„À⺟âπ‘æπ∏å àß∫∑§«“¡μâπ©∫—∫∑’Ë·°â‰¢§√—Èß ÿ¥∑⓬ æ√âÕ¡·ºàπ´’¥’√Õ¡ (CD ROM) ∑’Ë∫√√®ÿ‡π◊ÈÕÀ“·≈–¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà„π∫∑§«“¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’ˉ¥â·°â‰¢·≈â« ∑—Èßπ’ȺŸâπ‘æπ∏åμâÕß¡’ ”‡π“‡°Á∫‰«â¥â«¬‡æ◊ËÕ°“√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß·≈–¬◊π¬—π„π¿“¬À≈—ß °√≥’∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π¢—ÈπμÕπ°“√®—¥æ‘¡æå ∑“ß∫√√≥“∏‘°“√®– àßμâπ©∫—∫ (artwork) „À⺟â√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫μ√«®æ‘ Ÿ®πåÕ—°…√·≈–§«“¡∂Ÿ°μâÕß∑“ß«‘™“°“√ (À“°ºŸâ√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫‰¡à àߧ◊πμ“¡‡«≈“∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ ®–∂◊Õ«à“∑à“π‰¡àμâÕß°“√≈ßμ’æ‘¡æå) ”À√—∫∫∑§«“¡∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫°“√μ’æ‘¡æå®–¡’°“√·®âߺ≈æ√âÕ¡§◊πμâπ©∫—∫∫∑§«“¡π—Èπ·°àºŸâπ‘æπ∏å ∑“ß°Õß∫√√≥“∏‘°“√¢Õ ß«π ‘∑∏‘Ï∑’Ë®– ‰¡àæ‘®“√≥“∫∑§«“¡´÷Ëß¡’°“√‡μ√’¬¡∫∑§«“¡‰¡à∂Ÿ°μâÕß ·≈–‰¡à·°â‰¢μ“¡ºŸâ∑√ߧÿ≥«ÿ≤‘ B 10
Mahidol Dental Journal Information for Authors
Objectives of the Journal
1. To disseminate knowledge gained from academic research in dentistry and other related medical sciences; 2. To promote valued research for academic advancement; 3. To create an academic network and to build relationships among dentists and others in related fields in order to keep up with constantly developing knowledge; 4. To enhance the reputation of the Faculty of Dentistry and Mahidol University Dentistry Alumni Association.
Mahidol Dental Journal is financially supported by the Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University.
Submission of Manuscripts
Manuscripts for publication should be addressed to
The Editor, Mahidol Dental Journal Academic Promotion and Development Unit, Bld. 4, Fl. 9 Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University 6 Yothi Road, Ratchathewi District Bangkok 10400
Tel. 0-2660-7769 Fax. 0-2660-7767 Email: [email protected]
Manuscript Types
Mahidol Dental Journal publishes several types of articles. These include the following:
1. Original articles are articles including new research reports, survey reports in epidemiology, relevant case reports, and reports concerning new dental materials and technical procedures. These articles should be useful to the profession of dentists and must be previously unpublished. 2. Review Articles are articles that derive knowledge from new textbooks and journals or from the author’s own work and experience. They should be composed in an analytical, critical, and comparative style for the advancement of knowledge. 3. Miscellany encompasses the following: 3.1 Special reports are short academic reports pertinent to dentists. These may be analyses; discussions; summaries of other useful academic papers; articles reviewing aspects of the body of knowledge; summarized translations from international journals; commentaries; reviews; papers introducing medical appliances or interesting books and textbooks; or reports of both national and international conferences. 3.2 Current concepts are concepts or knowledge in any certain areas that are useful. They can be translated or composed from other journals recognized for their high standard. 3.3 Ask the expert are responses to readers’ academic or clinical problems by experts in a particular field. Interesting questions and answers from conferences may also be published for the benefit of those who have not attended the conferences. 3.4 Letters to the editor are questions or academic comments valuable to readers and the profession. 3.5 Research summaries or book reviews that are noteworthy.
Preparation of Manuscripts (effective from Volume 27 Number 1 2007)
1. Manuscripts must not be folded. One original and four copies of the manuscript as well as three copies of illustrations and tables must be submitted along with a submission form for consideration for publication via a registered mail to protect against loss. Each copy of the manuscript should be clipped, not stapled. The manuscript should be 10-20 pages including illustrations and tables of no more than 10 pages. The manuscript must be double-spaced on one-sided portrait A4 paper with an equal margin of 2.5 centimeters at all sides and paginated with the number on the top right corner. The manuscript file must be operated on Microsoft Word with the Cordia New 16 font. 2. The Thai spelling must conform to the Dictionary of the Royal Academy (1999 edition). English technical terms must be translated into Thai with the original words provided in parentheses only the first time they appear. Words that have been coined by the Royal Academy must be used. Words that have not been coined must be transliterated in accordance with the criteria for transliteration set by the Royal Academy with the original words parenthesized for their first time use. (See www.royin.go.th for more information.) Only Arabic notation can be used in the manuscript. 3. Units of length, weight, volume, etc. should be given in metric measures. A measurement of temperatures must be in Celsius. Pressure must be in mercury millimeter. A hematologic measurement and a measurement of clinical chemistry should also be in metric unit. Other measurements should follow the universal standard. Only standard abbreviations and symbols must be employed. No abbreviations should appear in the title or abstract. When an abbreviation is used, its full form should be provided after its first use in the text, with an exception of units of measurement. For manuscripts written in English, a tooth may be identified either by its name such as upper left canine or with FDI two-digit notations followed by its name in parenthesis the first time it is mentioned, for instance, Tooth #31 (lower left central incisor).
Manuscript Format and Structure
Part One must contain the following headings written in Thai and sequentially ordered.
1. Title: The title should be written in as much Thai as possible, be concise, and convey the main objective of the study. It must contain no abbreviations and should not exceed 100 letters in length. 2. Name of the author: Only first name and last name should be given. If there are many authors, their names should be organized according to their contributions to the research with the most important one listed first. 3. Degree of education: A maximum of two highest degrees should be provided after the author’s name in their official abbreviated forms. If the author has graduated from a university outside Thailand, the degree must be given in the language of the country from which he or she has obtained the degree. B 11
4. Address: All authors should provide the detailed address of their organization. If they are not affiliated with any institution, their clinic address must be given. 5. Corresponding author: One author must be designated as the corresponding author. The last name, position, professional affiliation, office phone, cell phone, fax, and e-mail address must be provided for the corresponding author for fast and convenient contact. 6. Research grant: If the study is financially supported, specify grant citing in a sequence name of the grant, organization awarding the grant, year the grant is awarded, and grant number (if any). 7. Received: Write the date appearing in the editor’s acknowledgement upon the receipt of the manuscript. 8. Accepted: Write the date appearing in the editor’s letter confirming the manuscript will be published. 9. Abstract: The abstract is a summary of the whole paper. However, no conclusion should be drawn from the discussion. Neither must there be any references, illustrations and tables. A tooth must be identified by its name rather than symbols. No English terminologies can be used. Instead they may be either translated or transliterated into Thai. No originals are needed. The following are to be included in the abstract: Objectives along with the hypotheses of the study must be given. Materials and Methods provide information on materials or patients employed in the study, number, type, method of the study or experiment, and statistics utilized in the study. Results present findings of the study including experimental study and statistical study (in case there is an analysis). Conclusion. 10. Key words: 3-6 key words from the abstract are to be provided in alphabetical order and separated from one another with commas (,).
Part Two presents the information from Part One written in English.
1. Title: The first letter of each word in the English title must be capitalized while the rest, except for proper names, are written in lower case letters. 2. Name of the author: Use the author’s first name followed by last name only. 3. Degree of education: Use universal abbreviated forms of degrees. 4. Address: Provide an address of every author. Add the country “Thailand” after area code. 5. Corresponding author: Give name and address of the corresponding author for later contact regarding the manuscript. 6. Research grant: Cite source of funding. 7. Received: Write the date appearing in the editor’s acknowledgement upon the receipt of the manuscript. 8. Accepted: Write the date appearing in the editor’s letter confirming the manuscript will be published. 9. Abstract: The abstract should not exceed 250 words and include objectives, materials and methods, results and conclusion. 10. Key words: There should be 3-6 key words whose meanings match the Thai key words and arranged in alphabetical order.
Part Three can be written in Thai or in English.
Headings of Part Three must not be indented. Use a new page for each heading. The headings are ordered sequentially as follows:
1. Introduction This first section introduces the whole paper by reviewing literature presenting knowledge and evidence from research as well as books or journals related to the study. In addition, the introduction provides rationale or significance, hypotheses, objectives, scope and methods of the study with references to other articles to relate the present study to the known prior knowledge. In other words, it should address reasons leading to the study and inform readers what questions the study is trying to answer. Thus, the introduction should review only pertinent literature and leave out those outside the scope and objectives of the study. Neither should it report results and conclusion of the study.
2. Materials and Methods Under this second heading, two subheadings are to be included.
2.1 Materials The material section imparts on details of the materials employed in the study citing chemical names, sources, characteristics or specifications of materials, and experimental samples of animals and patients. Experimentation involving human and animal subjects requires the presentation of relevant details, for instance, whether the samples are patients or normal persons, animal and plant types, number of samples as well as other specific characteristics such as gender, age, weight, and so on. Research involving experimental procedure on humans and animals must be conducted in full accordance with ethical principles. In this case, the author must be able to identify that the research has been conducted as such and supply evidence that it has been approved by the organization’s ethical board.
2.2 Methods The method section explains experimental methodology, observations or techniques for securing data, experimental procedures, measures of study, data collection, data analyses, and statistics utilized in the analysis of data. The explanation should be adequately detailed so as to allow for repeated experimentation.
3. Results This part presents findings obtained from experiments and analyses categorized into sections based on objectives of the study. Straightforward findings without too many numbers can be descriptively presented. Complicated findings with numerous numbers and variables should be presented using illustrations, tables, graphs, or charts with the interpretation of the findings in comparison with the suggested hypotheses. (Be careful not to reiterate the results given in the illustrations or tables in the text.)
4. Discussion Discussion can be drawn from objectives, hypotheses, and findings of the study. It can be discussed whether the present study reveals findings similar to or different from those previously presented, how they are alike or differ, and reasons for such similarities and differences in order for readers to understand and obtain novel knowledge created by the study. The author may discuss advantages and disadvantages of materials and methods employed in the study. New ideas or problems from the study can also be put forward. The author should discuss unexpected findings candidly and offers recommendations on how those findings can be of any use.
5. Conclusion The conclusion part encompasses the following: a summary of the findings of the study, a statement to show whether the findings correspond with the hypotheses, a conclusion drawn from the discussion, and suggestions for further use of the results as well as further study. B 12
6. Acknowledgements This one-paragraph section is where the author acknowledges organizations and persons who have made substantive contributions to the study. (It should be remarked, however, that citing in the acknowledgements too many organizations and persons can undermine the article as readers may assume that most of the study has been carried out with assistance from others.)
7. References References include the list of documents the author has cited in the text. References are indicated by superscript Arabic numbers right after the cited names or statements and should be numbered consecutively (for example, 1,3,6 or 1-3. They should be neither indented nor parenthesized. The same numbers must be used for repeated references. Using abstracts as references and unpublished data must be avoided. All references in the list should be numbered consecutively as they appear in the text, following the Vancouver system. Abbreviated names of journals must follow the reference style in the PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi). If a journal name does not appear in the PubMed, then the Index Medicus should be applied.
7.1 Journal references
Names of all authors must be included if there are no more than six authors. If there are more than six authors, only the first six names are included followed by ‘et al.’ in English and ‘·≈–§≥–’ in Thai.
7.1.1 English Journals References of English journals should contain the following: name of author. title of article. title of journal followed by year of publication;volume:page numbers. (As for the author’s name, last name precedes first initials of first and middle names. Christian calendar is used for publication year.) Below is an example:
Harnirattisai C, Inokoshi S, Shimada Y, Hosada H. Interfacial morphology of an adhesive composite resin and etched caries-affected dentin. Oper Dent 1992;17:222-8.
7.1.2 Thai Journals References of Thai journals must have the following: name of author. title of article. title of journal followed by year of publication;volume:Page numbers. (Both first and last names are written in full forms. Buddhist calendar is used for publication year.) An example is given below: ∏’√≈—°…≥å ÿ∑∏‡ ∂’¬√, ÿ∑—» √—°ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï°Ÿ≈, ≥—∞æß»å ‘√‘π∑«—≤πå, «’√–»—°¥‘Ï ‰æ√—™‡«∑¬å, ª√–¿“°√ ®”πߪ√– “∑æ√. ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ¢Õ߬“™“Õ“√å쑇§π·≈–¬“ ™“≈‘‚¥‡§π„π°“√ºà“μ—¥øíπ°√“¡§ÿ¥≈à“ß´’Ë∑’Ë “¡. « ∑—πμ ¡À‘¥≈ 2548;25:59-66.
7.1.3 Organizational authors Journal references with organizational authors should have the following: name of organization. title of article. title of journal followed by year of publication;volume:page numbers., e.g., §≥–ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠®“° ¡“§¡Õÿ√‡«™·Ààߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬. ‡°≥±å°“√«‘π‘®©—¬·≈–·π«∑“ß°“√ª√–‡¡‘π°“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬ ¡√√∂¿“æ¢Õß‚√§√–∫∫°“√À“¬„®‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√ ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ. ·æ∑¬ ¿“ “√ 2538;24:190-204. Council on Dental Materials and Devices. New American Dental Association Specification No. 27 for direct filling resins. J Am Dent Assoc 1977;94:1191-4.
7.2 Book references
7.2.1 Book references with individual authors Book references with individual authors must be written as follows: name of author. title of book followed by edition. city of publication:publisher; year of publication:page numbers., e.g., ¡π— ‚√®πå«√“°“√, ÿ∑—» √—°ª√– ‘∑∏å°Ÿ≈. øíπ§ÿ¥ æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√:‚√ßæ‘¡æå ÿ∑∏‘ “√°“√æ‘¡æå;2530:14-15. Ringsven MK, Bond D. Gerotology and leadership skills for nurses 2nd ed. Albany (NY):Delmar Publishers;1996:215-30.
7.2.2 Book references with organizational authors Book references with organizational authors should be written as follows: name of organization. title of book. city of publication:publisher; year of publication., e.g., Õߧå°√ºŸâ∫√‘À“√§≥–∑—πμ·æ∑¬»“ μ√å·Ààߪ√–‡∑»‰∑¬. øíπ¥’¡’„™âμ≈Õ¥™’«‘μ. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√:‚√ßæ‘¡æå∫√‘…—∑™—μ‡μÕ√å·Õπ¥åՑߧå;2538. Virginia Law Foundation. The medical and legal implication of AIDS. Chalottevill:The Foundation;1987.
7.2.3 Book or textbook references with authors and editors References of books with authors and editors must contain the following: name of author. title of cited chapter. In:name of editors, (use the word „π in Thai) editor. title of book. edition. city of publication: publisher;year of publication.page numbers.,e.g., ÿ∑—» √—°ª√– ‘∑∏å°Ÿ≈. ¿“«–·∑√°´âÕπ‡©æ“–∑’Ë®“°°“√©’¥¬“™“‡©æ“–∑’Ë. „π: ÿ∑—» √—°ª√– ‘∑∏å°Ÿ≈, ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√. μ”√“¬“™“‡©æ“–∑’Ë@∑—πμ°√√¡. æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë Àπ÷Ëß. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√:‚√ßæ‘¡æå‡∑Á°´å·Õπ¥å‡®Õ√åπ—≈æ—∫≈‘‡§™—Ëπ®”°—¥;2548:333-50. Yamada KM. Fibronectin and other cell interactive glycoproteins. In: Hay ED, editor. Cell biology of extracellular matrix. 2nd ed. New York:Plenum Press;1991:111-46.
7.2.4 Book references with editors and several authors writing separate chapters The following are needed for references of books with editors and several authors writing separate chapters: name of author. title of cited chapter. In:name of editors, (use the word „π in Thai) editor. title of book. edition. city of publication: publisher;year of publication.page numbers.,e.g., ÿ∑—» √—°ª√– ‘∑∏å°Ÿ≈, ∏’√≈—°…≥å ÿ∑∏‡ ∂’¬√. °“¬«‘¿“§„π°“√©’¥¬“‡©æ“–∑’Ë. „π: ÿ∑—» √—°ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï°Ÿ≈, ∫√√≥“∏‘°“√. μ”√“¬“™“‡©æ“–∑’Ë@∑—πμ°√√¡. æ‘¡æå §√—Èß∑’ËÀπ÷Ëß. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√:‚√ßæ‘¡æå‡∑Á°´å·Õπ¥å‡®Õ√åπ—≈æ—∫≈‘‡§™—Ëπ®”°—¥;2548:99-146. B 13
Philipps SJ, Whisnant JP. Hypertension and stroke. In:Largh JH, Brenner BM, editors. Hypertension:pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. 2nd ed. New York:Raven Press;1995:465-78.
7.3 Dissertation references Dissertation references should be written as follows: name of author. title of dissertation (type of degree). department,faculty. city:university;year of degree conferring.,e.g., ™μÿ¡“‘ «“ß.à º≈¢Õ߬“ ø’ πø≈í ÕÕ‰√¥Ÿ ∑å º ¡‰´≈’Ë ∑Õ≈μ‘ Õª√à ¡“≥‡™‘ Õ¡◊È «·∑π ‘ å ‡μ√æ‚μ§Õ°‰´·≈–·≈§‚μ·∫´Á ‰≈‘ (ª√–°“»π∫’ μ√∫— ≥±— μ).‘ ∑πμ°√√¡ ”À√— ∫— ‡¥Á°, ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√:¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¡À‘¥≈;2547-2548. Rassameemasmaung S. Effects of porphyromonas gingivalis on human gingival fibroblasts (Doctor of Philosophy). Oral biology, Mahidol University. Bangkok:Mahidol University;2002.
7.4 Conference paper references
7.4.1 Conference documents References of conference documents are written as follows: name of author. title of document. title of conference. year month date;venue;year of publication.,e.g.,
Royce JC. Finches of Du page County. Page read at 2nd Annual conference on bird-watching. 1986 May 24-26;Midland University, Illinois:Flat Prairie;1986.
7.4.2 Reports published in series The following must be included for references of reports published in series: name of author. title. country of publication. publisher;year of publication.,e.g., °Õß∑—πμ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, °√¡Õπ“¡—¬, °√–∑√«ß “∏“√≥ ÿ¢. √“¬ß“πº≈°“√ ”√«® ¿“«–∑—πμ ÿ¢¿“æ·Ààß™“쑧√—Èß∑’Ë 5 æ.». 2543-2544. ª√–‡∑»‰∑¬. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√. ‚√ßæ‘¡æå∫√‘…—∑ “¡‡®√‘≠æ“≥‘™¬å (°√ÿ߇∑æ) ®”°—¥;2545. Fluoride and human health. WHO Monograph;1970. Series no. 59.
7.4.3 Proceedings References of proceedings should contain the following: name of author. itle. In:ame of editors, (use the word „π in Thai) editors. title of proceedings;year month date of conference; venue. city of publication:publisher;year of publication:page numbers.,e.g.,
Hotz PR. Dental plaque control and caries. In:Lang PN, Attstrom R, Loe H, editors. Proceedings of European Workshop on Mechanical Plaque Control;1998 May 9-12;Berne, Switzerland. Chicago:Quintessence publication; 1998:35-49.
7.5 Newspaper article references Newspaper article references contain the following: name of author. title of article. title of newspaper followed by date month year of publication;section:page numbers (column number).,e.g., ‡æ≈‘ß¡√°μ. À¡Õ. Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå‰∑¬√—∞ «—π∑’Ë 30 ‘ßÀ“§¡ 2539;23. (§Õ≈—¡πå 5) Rensberger B, Specter B. CFCs may be destroyed by natural process. The Washington Post 1989 Aug 7;Sect. A:2(col.5).
7.6 Electronic references Electronic references are of two groups:
7.6.1 Online references from homepages and websites Online references must be written as follows: name of author. title of article. title of journal (media type) followed by year of publication (date month year of retrieval); volume (number): (illustration). source.,e.g.,
Morse SS. Factors in the emergence of infections disease. Emerg Infect Dis (serial online) 1995 Jan-Mar (cited 1996 Jun 5);1(1):(24 screens). Available from:URL:http://www/cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm.
7.6.2 Other electronic references including CD-ROM, diskettes, other computer databases
An example of other electronic references is given below:
CDI,clinical dematology illustrated (monograph on CD-ROM). Reeves JRT, Maibach H. CMEA Multimedia Group, producers. 2nd ed. Version 2.0 San Diego:CMEA;1995.
7.7 Audio-visual aid references Audio-visual aid references should be written as follow: title of article (videocassette). city of manufacturing: manufacturer;year of manufacturing.,e.g.,
HIV+/AIDS: the facts and the future (videocassette). St. Louis (MO):Mosby-year Book;1995.
Illustrations
1. All illustrations must be concisely titled in English and numbered in order of appearance in the text using Arabic notation. They can be drawings, photographs, diagrams or graphs. 2. Titles and legends must be typed underneath the illustrations which are submitted on separate pages. Color names, dying techniques, and magnification rates may be provided after legends or designated as bars within the illustrations. Symbols, arrows, or letters within the illustrations must be clearly identified. 3. A box must be left in the text to indicate the area where each illustration will be put and marked within the illustration “Illustration 1”, e.g., B 14
Illustration 1
4. Both color and black & white photographs can be used. As for color photographs, high-quality glossy prints of 8.9×14 cm. (postcard) are required. The title, number and author’s name should be indicated on the back of each photograph lightly in pencil so as not to leave any unwanted mark on the front. Also indicate the top edge of each photograph. All illustrations should not be adhered to anything and must be placed in a separate envelop. Digital photographs should not be embedded in the text. Instead they should be separately filed. High resolution photographs of no less than 300 dpi must be saved on a diskette or a CD-ROM. They can be in any format that can be opened using Adobe Photoshop (tiff, gps, fpg, etc.). To avoid blur and fuzz, polaroids should not be used. 5. Radiographs should not be printed directly from the x-rays as the prints may be different from their originals. Black & white prints should be obtained from copies of the original x-rays. Scans of radiographs should not be used either. 6. Line drawings, graphs or charts must be drawn or printed with explanatory ordinate and abscissa in black & white on glossy paper. 7. Prints from slides are required. 8. If all or parts of previously published illustrations are used, permissions must be obtained from the copyright holder concerned and the permissions must be indicated.
Tables 1. Each table should be typed on a separate page. A box must be left in the text to indicate the area where each table will be put and marked within table “Table 1”. 2. Tables should be numbered consecutively and should have a concise explanatory title in English written over each table. Tables should be kept to the minimum essential for proper presentation of the results. 3. Each table must be typed with the footnote explaining abbreviations, symbols, or statistical values (if any) appearing on the table. Table footnotes should not be numbered using Arabic numerals as they may be mixed up with the references. To avoid such confusions, symbols such as *, +, #, ** may be used instead. 4. Tables should contain no vertical lines, horizontal lines, and borderlines.
Review Process It is imperative that authors prepare manuscripts in accordance with the format guidelines of the Journal. The manuscripts must be checked and proofread for accuracy before being submitted to the editor. Manuscripts will be reviewed by at least two experts in the field. Review process generally takes two to eight weeks. The Journal then informs the corresponding author of the result of the review process. Manuscripts with potential for publication will be sent to the authors for revision. When all revisions and changes are made according to the referees’ comments, revised manuscripts must be submitted to the editor within a set period. Otherwise, the Journal will assume the author no longer wants to publish his or her manuscript. The Editor will notify the author when the manuscript is accepted for publication. The final version of revised manuscript must be saved on diskette or CD-ROM and submitted along with the diskette or CD-ROM. The author must keep a copy of the manuscript for later reference or confirmation. During the printing process, the Editor will send the artwork of the manuscript to the corresponding author once for proofreading and checking for academic accuracy. (If the author does not return the proofread manuscript within a set period, the Journal will assume the author no longer wants to publish his or her manuscript.) The Editor will not send the manuscript to the author for proofreading again but more proofreading will be carried out by the editorial board to enable faster printing process. Authors will be informed of review results and manuscripts unaccepted for publication will be returned to the authors. The Journal reserves the right not to consider manuscripts that have not been prepared in accordance with the Journal’s guidelines.
Copyright To conform to the copyright law, all authors are required to assign and transfer the copyright on their articles and original manuscripts to Mahidol Dental Journal. Authors must also attest that the manuscript is previously unpublished and that the manuscript is submitted to the Journal only and is not currently under consideration elsewhere and the research reported will not be submitted for publication elsewhere no matter in what languages the manuscript is prepared. Manuscripts under multiple publication policy are exempt from the said practice. Articles published in Mahidol Dental Journal are the copyright of the Journal. No part of the articles may be copied, modified, reproduced or utilized in any form for any purposes without permission from the Journal. The contents and opinions presented in the articles published in Mahidol Dental Journal belong specifically to the author, not necessarily shared by the Journal’s editorial board.
Permission and Waivers Permission of the copyright holders must be obtained in writing for the direct use of illustrations or tables previously published and under copyright (except for reference use). Written permission must be submitted to the Editor before the manuscript can be published. Quotations must be written in quotation marks and references must be identified for each quotation. Permission of author is required for quotations exceeding 5 lines. Waivers must be obtained in writing for photographs showing potentially identifiable persons and waivers must be presented to the Editors.
Reprints Authors will be given 20 copies of reprints and 1 copy of the Journal. If additional reprints and journal or reprints with color illustrations are desired, they must be ordered when the final revised version of the article is submitted to the Editor. An extra amount will be charged for additional reprints, journals, and color illustrations based on the price fixed by the publishing house.
Readers’ Comments Readers’ comments on articles or other matters are welcome. These should be sent to the Editor via mail, fax or e-mail at the address given above.
Advertising and Subscription Contact the Editor at the above address for advertising, order and subscription.
Subscription Rates Mahidol Dental Journal is published as one volume of three issues annually (January-April, May-August, and September-December). Subscription rates for one issue are: 150 Baht for domestic order and 400 Baht for international order (including shipping and handling).
Subscription and Membership Payment Please mail an order form with money order payable to “Ms. Sirilux Promvisut” to the Editor at the address provided above.