DOCSLIB.ORG

Correlation of English and German Middle Pleistocene Fluvial Sequences Based on Mammalian Biostratigraphy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Correlation of English and German Middle Pleistocene Fluvial Sequences Based on Mammalian Biostratigraphy Netherlands Journal of Geosciences / Geologie en Mijnbouw 81 (3-4): 357-373 (2002) Correlation of English and German Middle Pleistocene fluvial sequences based on mammalian biostratigraphy D.C. Schreve1* & D.R. Bridgland2 1 Department of Geography, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK; e-mail: [email protected]. * Corresponding author. 2 Department of Geography, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK; e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript received: March 2001; accepted: February 2002 Abstract In this paper interglacial mammalian assemblages from key Middle Pleistocene fluvial sites in Germany are compared to Mammal Assemblage-Zones (MAZs) recently established in the post-Anglian/Elsterian sequence of the Lower Thames, UK. It is believed that four separate interglacials are represented by the Lower Thames MAZs, correlated with oxygen isotope stages (OIS) 11, 9, 7 and substage 5e (although the last of these is Late Pleistocene). Nowhere in Germany can a full se- quence of these interglacials be identified from mammalian evidence in a single terrace staircase, as is the case in the Lower Thames, although further research on the Wipper terraces at Bilzingsleben may identify such a sequence. It is also possible that the sequence of overlapping fluvial channels in the lignite mine at Schöningen will eventually produce a comparable mammalian story. Excellent correspondence has been recognized between the mammalian assemblages at Steinheim an der Murr and Bilzingsleben II and the Swanscombe MAZ from the Thames.These three sites are attributed to the Hoxnian/Hol- steinian interglacial and are thought to correlate with OIS 11. Close comparison can also be made between the mammalian sequence from the celebrated travertine locality at Weimar-Ehringsdorf and two separate MAZs from Aveley, in the Thames, attributed to separate substages of OIS 7. An equivalent to the Purfleet MAZ of the Thames, which is believed to correlate with OIS 9, has yet to be identified in Germany. Keywords: biostratigraphy, mammals, Middle Pleistocene, river terraces Introduction separate interglacials between the Anglian glaciation and the Last (Ipswichian) Interglacial (Schreve, This paper provides part of the results from a re- 2001a). These findings were in complete support of search project, conducted by the authors between the model for the lithostratigraphy and geochronolo- 1997-2000, entitled ‘Middle Pleistocene mammalian gy of the Lower Thames terraces, proposed previously biostratigraphy of NW European rivers’ (funded by by the second author (Bridgland, 1994, 1995). The the Leverhulme Trust – see acknowledgements). Prior extension of the project into continental Europe was to the project, the first author had established a based on the selection of key fluvial sites with rich as- scheme for the differentiation of interglacials in the semblages of fossil mammals, the examination of British late Middle Pleistocene, based upon the evi- those collections and, where possible, liaison with dence from mammalian biostratigraphy (Schreve, continental workers who have researched them. In 1997). The scheme identified a series of distinctive this part of the project, it was found that evidence temperate-climate Mammal Assemblage Zones from sites in Germany was particularly comparable (MAZ) that are believed to correspond with three with the British mammalian biostratigraphical data. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences / Geologie en Mijnbouw 81(3-4) 2002 357 The present paper will outline the Thames mam- odic isolation may be an important factor in permit- malian biostratigraphical scheme, regarded as a po- ting the separation of mammalian assemblages of dif- tential template for correlation both within Britain ferent age, since patterns of species presence and ab- and more widely in NW Europe, and then examine sence between interglacials should be all the more sig- the evidence from selected sites in Germany. nificant, depending on whether individual taxa were able to immigrate before the terrestrial connection The Lower Thames terrace sequence was severed. There is no evidence for the evolution of endemic mammalian species during this time period The terrace stratigraphical model based on the Lower in Britain, although it appears that endemic techno- Thames sequence has been described several times logical traits can be seen in the archaeological record previously (Bridgland, 1994, 1995, 2000), informa- corresponding with periods of isolation from main- tion that is summarized in Table 1 and is illustrated in land Europe (White, 1998; White & Schreve, 2000). Fig. 1. A key aim of the Leverhulme-funded project has It is believed that formation of the Thames terraces therefore been to determine whether signs of insulari- was driven by climatic fluctuation during the Quater- ty-related differences between contemporaneous fau- nary (Bridgland, 1994, 1995, 2000; Bridgland & nas on either side of the English Channel can be de- Maddy, 1995), although enabled by progressive uplift tected. throughout the Pleistocene (Maddy, 1997; Maddy & Bridgland, 2000). The climatic fluctuation that has Mammalian assemblages from the Lower Thames terrace driven the timing of fluvial incision and aggradation, sequence thus leading to terrace formation, has also been im- portant in controlling the migration of different Sites within the framework of the Lower Thames ter- groups of mammals into and out of the NW Euro- race sequence were used by Schreve (1997, 2001a) to pean landmass. In Britain, relatively brief periods of erect the testable hypothesis that interglacial sedi- past insularity, also climatically controlled, must also ments within each of four separate terraces (Table 1, be taken into account, as they will have temporarily Fig. 1) contained distinctive suites of mammalian fos- acted as a barrier to faunal migration. Britain’s peri- sils. Biostratigraphical analysis of these different PURFLEET MAZ Brown bear (Ursus arctos) 60 Water shrew (Neomys browni) TRAFALGAR SQUARE Spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta) (JOINT MITNOR CAVE MAZ) Dartford Fallow deer (Dama dama ssp. indet.) Humans (artefacts) Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) Heath Swanscombe Fallow deer (Dama dama dama) gravel deposits Absence of horse (Equus ferus) Absence of Merck’s rhinoceros 40 Boyn Hill / (Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis) Orsett Heath Absence of humans Gravel 11 Lynch Hill / Corbets Tey Gravel Taplow / Kempton Park / 20 East Tilbury Hornchurch 12 Mucking till Gravel Marshes Gravel River 9 Holocene Thames Alluvium Purfleet / Grays 7 deposits metres OD 0 5e Aveley / West ? Buried Thurrock Trafalgar Square deposits (projected Channel SWANSCOMBE MAZ deposits downstream) Shepperton Cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) Gravel Large fallow deer (Dama dama clactoniana) -20 Small mole (Talpa minor) AVELEY (PONDS FARM MAZ + SANDY LANE MAZ Giant beaver (Trogontherium cuvieri) Pine vole (Microtus subterraneus) Mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Horse (Equus ferus) Humans (artefacts) Large form of northern vole (Microtus oeconomus) Humans (Levallois artefacts) -40 Numbers indicate the oxygen isotope stages 11 to which these deposits have been attributed Interglacial deposits Cold-climate gravels Fig. 1. Idealized transverse section through the Lower Thames terrace sequence, showing the stratigraphical positions of interbedded inter- glacial sediments. The most significant characteristics of the mammalian assemblages and their attribution to MAZs are indicated (after Schreve, 2001a; Currant & Jacobi, 2001). Correlations with the oceanic oxygen isotope sequence are suggested. Modified from Schreve (2001a). 358 Netherlands Journal of Geosciences / Geologie en Mijnbouw 81(3-4) 2002 Table 1.The Quaternary sequence in the lower reaches of the Thames. Terrace Formation Members: Lower Thames Climate Age δ 18O Stage Tilbury Tilbury Alluvial Deposits warm Holocene (alluvium) 1 Shepperton Shepperton Gravel cold late Devensian late 2 East Tilbury Marshes East Tilbury Marshes Upper Gravel cold Devensian 5d-2 Trafalgar Square & Peckham Deposits warm Ipswichian 5e East Tilbury Marshes Lower Gravel cold late Saalian late 6 Mucking Mucking Upper Gravel cold late Saalian 6 Aveley Silts and Sands warm intra-Saalian ‘Stanton 7 Harcourt Interglacial Bowen et al. (1989) Mucking Lower Gravel cold intra-Saalian late 8 Corbets Tey Corbets Tey Upper Gravel cold intra-Saalian 8 (Botany Gravel 1) Purfleet interglacial deposits warm intra-Saalian 9 Corbets Tey Lower Gravel cold intra-Saalian late 10 (Little Thurrock Gravel 1) Orsett Heath Orsett Heath Upper Gravel cold intra-Saalian 10 Swanscombe interglacial deposits warm Hoxnian 11 Orsett Heath Lower Gravel cold late Anglian late 12 1 From Schreve et al. (2002) assemblages suggested that four discrete Mammal with later, cooler temperate episodes within OIS 5 Assemblage-Zones (MAZs) may be recognized within classified as interstadials. the Lower Thames (Fig. 1), which are thought to rep- resent OIS 11, 9 and a complex, dual-peaked OIS 7, Mammalian assemblages from the first post-Anglian all of which clearly pre-date the Last (Ipswichian) In- interglacial. terglacial (OI substage 5e).The mammalian biostrati- graphical scheme thus corroborated and extended the The first of the late Middle Pleistocene interglacials is scheme of Bridgland (1994, 1995), established on the represented in the Lower Thames only in the Dart- basis of lithostratigraphical evidence. The Anglian/El- ford – Swanscombe area of Kent (Fig. 2), with
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 5B Bus Time Schedule & Line Route
    5B bus time schedule & line map 5B Basildon Town Centre View In Website Mode The 5B bus line (Basildon Town Centre) has 3 routes. For regular weekdays, their operation hours are: (1) Basildon Town Centre: 6:30 PM (2) Grays: 5:42 AM - 4:59 PM (3) Pitsea: 6:26 AM - 5:56 PM Use the Moovit App to ƒnd the closest 5B bus station near you and ƒnd out when is the next 5B bus arriving. Direction: Basildon Town Centre 5B bus Time Schedule 44 stops Basildon Town Centre Route Timetable: VIEW LINE SCHEDULE Sunday Not Operational Monday Not Operational Bus Station, Grays Tuesday Not Operational Stanley Road, Grays Stanley Road, Grays Wednesday Not Operational Bradleigh Avenue, Grays Thursday Not Operational Friday Not Operational Turps Corner, Grays Highgrove Mews, Grays Saturday 6:30 PM Chadwell Road, Little Thurrock Chadwell Road Cemetery, Little Thurrock 5B bus Info Palmers College, Grays Direction: Basildon Town Centre Stops: 44 Heathland Way, Grays Trip Duration: 50 min Line Summary: Bus Station, Grays, Stanley Road, Grangewood Avenue, Grays Grays, Bradleigh Avenue, Grays, Turps Corner, Grays, Chadwell Road, Little Thurrock, Chadwell Road Cemetery, Little Thurrock, Palmers College, Grays, Buxton Road, Grays Heathland Way, Grays, Grangewood Avenue, Grays, Buxton Road, Grays, Stanford Road, Socketts Heath, Stanford Road, Socketts Heath Stanford Road, Socketts Heath, Heath Road, Orsett, Stanford Road, Orsett, Baker Street, Orsett, Kings Stanford Road, Socketts Heath Arms, Baker Street, High Road, Orsett, Hospital High Road, Orsett, Hospital, Orsett,
    [Show full text]
  • 475 Bus Time Schedule & Line Route
    475 bus time schedule & line map 475 Stanford Le Hope - Tilbury - Grays - Orsett - View In Website Mode Brentwood The 475 bus line (Stanford Le Hope - Tilbury - Grays - Orsett - Brentwood) has 2 routes. For regular weekdays, their operation hours are: (1) Brentwood: 7:04 AM (2) Stanford Le Hope: 3:30 PM Use the Moovit App to ƒnd the closest 475 bus station near you and ƒnd out when is the next 475 bus arriving. Direction: Brentwood 475 bus Time Schedule 49 stops Brentwood Route Timetable: VIEW LINE SCHEDULE Sunday Not Operational Monday 7:04 AM Rookery Corner, Stanford Le Hope Tuesday 7:04 AM Buckingham Hill Road, Stanford Le Hope Wednesday 7:04 AM Sandown Road, Orsett Thursday 7:04 AM Sandown Close, England Friday 7:04 AM Grosvenor Road, Orsett Saturday Not Operational Orsett Cock Ph, Orsett Brentwood Road, Chadwell St Mary Felicia Way, Chadwell St Mary 475 bus Info St Teresa Walk, England Direction: Brentwood Stops: 49 Gateway Academy, Chadwell St Mary Trip Duration: 71 min Line Summary: Rookery Corner, Stanford Le Hope, Handel Crescent, Tilbury Buckingham Hill Road, Stanford Le Hope, Sandown Road, Orsett, Grosvenor Road, Orsett, Orsett Cock Ph, Orsett, Brentwood Road, Chadwell St Mary, Raphael Avenue, Tilbury Felicia Way, Chadwell St Mary, Gateway Academy, Chadwell St Mary, Handel Crescent, Tilbury, Raphael Christchurch Road, Tilbury Avenue, Tilbury, Christchurch Road, Tilbury, Calcutta Christchurch Road, Tilbury Road, Tilbury, Toronto Road, Tilbury, Railway Station, Tilbury, Russell Road, Tilbury, The Willows, Grays, Calcutta Road,
    [Show full text]
  • William Edwards Marshalls Park Nat Av 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Eng & Maths 63% 72% 64% 74% 62% 60% 66% 4+ Attainment 8 44 46 45 49 41 40 45
    Opening September 2020 www.orsettheathacademy.org.uk SWECET established in April 2015. Currently the trust is responsible for William Edwards School, Deneholm Primary, Stifford Clays Primary School, Chadwell St Mary Primary School and Marshalls Park Academy. 1204 on roll HT – Simon Bell Steve Munday – Chief Executive Officer Deneholm Primary Chadwell St Mary Primary 250 on roll 419 on roll Head of School – Lauren Robinson Head of School – Jack Lloyd ‘Approval to open’ has now been granted by the Department for Education to open Orsett Heath in September 2020 • 120 places available in year 7 for September 2020 • You can apply for a place up to 19th December • Applications for Orsett Heath are separate to LA process • The bespoke school building at TRFC is underway with a completion date in August 2020 Strongest ever collective results at KS2 and KS4 in 2019 SWECET Secondary Schools William Edwards Marshalls Park Nat Av 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 Eng & Maths 63% 72% 64% 74% 62% 60% 66% 4+ Attainment 8 44 46 45 49 41 40 45 SWECET Primary Schools Chadwell St Mary Deneholm Stifford Clays National 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019 KS2 Reading, Writing 69% and Maths Expected+% 65% 59% 57% 79% 61% 76% 78% 57% 52% Contextually high achievement 2019 GCSE Results All Pupils Percentage achieving Eng & Cohort English Maths Establishment Name Maths Grade 4+ Grade 4+ Grade 4+ Name KS4 Harris Academy Chafford Hundred 170 88.2% 84.7% 78.2% William Edwards 242 88.0% 74.0% 73.0% St Clere's School 228 81.1% 78.9% 73.0% Grays Convent 121 94.2% 71.1% 70.2% Hassenbrook Academy 81 64.2% 70.4% 56.8% The Gateway Academy 198 63.6% 66.2% 54.5% Gable Hall School 235 68.1% 59.6% 54.4% The Ockendon Academy 198 65.2% 56.6% 50.5% The Hathaway Academy 144 59.0% 61.1% 50.0% Ormiston Park Academy 95 61.1% 56.8% 48.4% Thurrock 2019 1712 74.3% 68.4% 62.2% National (All Schools) 2018 59.4% • The curriculum offer and breadth of experience will mirror that at William Edwards.
    [Show full text]
  • Accounts Production
    Company Registration No. 07693309 (England and Wales) SOUTH WEST ESSEX COMMUNITY EDUCATION TRUST LIMITED (A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE) ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2020 SOUTH WEST ESSEX COMMUNITY EDUCATION TRUST LIMITED CONTENTS Page Reference and administrative details 1 - 2 Trustees' report 3 - 12 Governance statement 13 - 16 Statement on regularity, propriety and compliance 17 Statement of trustees' responsibilities 18 Independent auditor's report on the accounts 19 - 21 Independent reporting accountant's report on regularity 22 - 23 Statement of financial activities including income and expenditure account 24 - 25 Balance sheet 26 Statement of cash flows 27 Notes to the accounts including accounting policies 28 - 50 SOUTH WEST ESSEX COMMUNITY EDUCATION TRUST LIMITED REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS Members A Higgs J King L Martin P Smith R Henderson Trustees Mr G Tapsell Mr D Pavitt Ms C Pumfrey Mr P Melville Mrs V Northhall Mr J King (Chair of the Trustees) Mr D Gotobed (Resigned 7 July 2020) Mr S Munday (Accounting Officer) Mr R Moore Mrs C Franceschi (Appointed 5 February 2020) Senior management team - Chief Executive Officer S J Munday - Headteacher Marshalls Park Academy N Frost - Executive Headteacher Deneholm C Pumfrey Primary School, Chadwell St Mary Primary School & Stifford Clays Primary School - Headteacher William Edwards School S Bell - Chief Operating Officer P J Melville Company secretary Mr P Melville Company registration number 07693309 (England and Wales) Registered office Stifford
    [Show full text]
  • Transfer of Eastern National Grays Area Services to London Transport
    TRANSFER OF EASTERN NATIONAL GRAYS AREA SERVICES TO LONDON TRANSPORT 1933-1951 By Alan Osborne THE EASTERN NATIONAL ENTHUSIASTS GROUP TRANSFER OF EASTERN NATIONAL GRAYS AREA SERVICES TO LONOON TRANSPORT 1933 • 1951 By Alan Osborne The Eastern National Enthusiasts Group 1980 INTRODUCTION This book replaces our fo:rmer Publication E.P.14 and is in essence a complete history of bus services in the Grays area from the early days until 1952. Some notes on the 1979 exchange have also been included to finish the story. This is the first major production by the Eastern National Enthusiasts Group following the re-organisation and expansion of the committee institu.ted in 1979. The present author then assumed his new role as Cba.irma.n & Founder, with a lesser administrative workload, which allowed more time to be devoted to historical research for publications such as the present study. Area route maps have been included, but since the central areas of Grays and Tilbury appear ver:y small, enlarged street plans (as at 1951/2) of the two towns, with the streets, timing points and terminals referred to in the tex.t all located, are appended. on page 39. Many friends and colleagues have offered assistance and I am especially grateful to Frank Simpson, Nick Agnew, John Smith, Bob Palmer and Martin Weyell for helpful discussions and loan of material. Much information was also gleaned from material in the Omnibus Society library through the kind auspices of Brian Walter. Special tribute must also be made to Bob Beaumont of F.astern National for providing.
    [Show full text]
  • Design & Access Statement
    Ken Judge & Associates Ltd The Barn, Monument Office, Unit 4, Maldon Road, Woodham Mortimer, CM9 6SN 01245 225577 [email protected] www.kenjudgeltd.co.uk Design & Access Statement Thurrock Rugby Football Club, Long Lane, Grays, Essex. RM16 2QH Applicant: This is a joint application between: 1. Thurrock Rugby Football Club, Long Lane, Grays. RM16 2QH; and 2. SWECET, William Edwards School, Stifford Clays Road, Grays. RM16 3NJ Overview. This statement accompanies a full planning application for a major new development providing new secondary school accommodation at the above address and is to be read in conjunction with drawing numbers 2471/LP, 101, 102, 103, 104, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207 & 208 prepared by Ken Judge & Associates Ltd, the travel assessment and CWMP prepared by ENCON associates, Tree survey and landscaping details prepared by Open Spaces, Flood Risk Assessment prepared by Evans Rivers and Coastal, the Broxap Cycle storage spec sheet and the Euro-guard fence spec sheet. Introduction: The application site is privately owned and comprises of a playing field with three adult sized rugby pitches and a cricket crease. There is also a council owned playing field to the South East of the site, between the application site and Stanford Road (A1306), which contains two adult sized rugby pitches and numerous youth sized rugby pitches. The existing rugby clubhouse was constructed C1979 for TRFC and is located to the West of the application site. It is a combination of two storey and single storey elements. The clubhouse comprises two squash courts, a weight training gym, numerous changing rooms and shower facilities, physio room and treatment area, a lounge area, multi-purpose hall, bar servery, kitchen, cellar and stores and a stand which overlooks the rugby pitches to the East.
    [Show full text]
  • APPENDIX B Lower Thames Crossing (LTC) – Consultation Response
    APPENDIX B Lower Thames Crossing (LTC) – Consultation Response The consultation response from the Council in its capacity as a landowner pursuant to Section 42(1)(d) of the Planning Act 2008, that is being an owner, lessee, tenant or occupier of land. The Development is classified as a Nationally Significant Infrastructure Project (NSIP), as defined by the Planning Act 2008 and Highways England is required to submit an application for a Development Consent Order (DCO). The consultation and the Council response is part of the DCO process. Having considered the impact of the Lower Thames Crossing (the Development) on the Council’s land titles it is considered that the proposed Development would have significant negative impacts on the grounds of which the Council objects to the Development as currently proposed. Existing Land Use The Council has to date received 46 Land Information Questionnaires (LIQ) from Highways England which following the internal review does not include all of the land titles affected by the Development. The internal review highlighted 212 land titles affected by the proposed Development (inclusive of the Part 1 claims). The affected land titles fall into various categories of general land use. The breakdown is as follows: 14 land titles used as agricultural land; 75 land titles used as highways land; 82 land titles used as residential land; 41 land titles used as other land (park, school and woodland). Further to the above the Development indicates the land needs to be acquired under the following conditions: permanent acquisition of land required; temporary use of land required; rights to land required for diversion of utilities.
    [Show full text]
  • WA/91/28 SW Essex
    BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY TECHNICAL REPORTWN91/28 Onshore Geology Series South-west Essex-M25 corridor Applied geology for planning and development B S P Moorlock and A Smith Cover illustration Mapoftheareacoveredby Contributors the survey M D A Samuel Database Geographical index M G Culshaw Engineering geology United Kingdom, south- east England, Essex M A Lewis Hydrogeology Subject index Geology, hydrogeology, engineering geology, stratigraphy, Mesozoic, Tertiary, Quaternary, minerals, land-use planning The views expressed in this report do not necessarily coincide with thoseof the Department of the Environment Maps and diagramsin this report use topography based on Ordnance Survey mapping Bibliographic reference MOORLOCK,B S P, and SMITH,A. 1991. South- west Essex-M25 corridor: applied geology forplanning anddevelopment. British Geological Survey Technical Report WN9lI28. @ Crown amwight 1991 Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 1991 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The full range of Survey publications is available through the Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG Sales Desks at Keyworth and at Murchison House, Edinburgh, = 0602-363100Telex 378173 BGSKEY G and in theBGS London Information Office in the Natural Fax 0602-363200 History Museum Earth Galleries. The adjacent bookshop stocks the more popular books for sale over the counter. MostBGS Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH93LA books and reports are listed in HMSO’s Sectional List 45, and 031-667 1000 Telex 727343 SEISED G can be bought from HMSO and through HMSO agents
    [Show full text]
  • (London–Channel Tunnel) Rail-Link And
    Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 16 July 2013 Version of attached le: Accepted Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Bridgland, D.R. and Harding, P. and Allen, P. and Candy, I. and Cherry, C. and George, W. and Horne, D.J. and Keen, D.H. and Penkman, K.E.H. and Preece, R.C. and Rhodes, E.J. and Scaife, R. and Schreve, D.C. and Schwenninger, J. and Slipper, I. and Ward, G.R. and White, M.J. and White, T.S. and Whittaker, J.E. (2013) 'An enhanced record of MIS 9 environments, geochronology and geoarchaeology : data from construction of the High Speed 1 (LondonChannel Tunnel) rail-link and other recent investigations at Pureet, Essex, UK.', Proceedings of the Geologists' Association., 124 (3). pp. 417-476. Further information on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2012.03.006 Publisher's copyright statement: NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A denitive version was subsequently published in Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 124, 3, 2013, 10.1016/j.pgeola.2012.03.006. Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Rights of Way Map (PDF 879.68KB)
    West Horndon A 7 1 0 2 10 8 B A 1 L A N E 7 9 6 R Y ’ S FP 8 1 M A 4 1 S T Brentwood Borough B RIGHTS OF WAY FP 7 Council A 4 1 46 76 B1 Tillingham 01277 312500 Hall Field FP 139 Public Footpath House 07 B10 L O Permissive Footpath D B R W U E FP 154 B N N FP 142 E E A L T L 1 R W S 7 N 4 Hall H 6 46 O I 1 I L B L N O Wood R BR 230 D Bridleway G D D S R U T A13 FP 4 O D N R E Basildon Borough A T H E D R O G FP 35 I T O H D R S D B E N Y R C N N R L A C H L RK H R H I L E U FP 174 T E H E A NT A C P I G L D N S Council O E O E Permissive Bridleway L D G A Langdon Hills W GRA N A 3 R A 0 O 1 FP 97 V A 2 N T L O (West) O 4 A Y R D N E B1 E A S E R Country Park A 01268 533333 E O D Sch BR 91 V Langdon Hills A BULPHAN E D KMANS BWY 98 Byway H RD BLAC Country Park AD RC E H FP 7 UA AV O H CH R L I B I L D G N E E LA L R N E FP 23 H T FP 33 H N R E L T F D L U FP 160 I E O H U Northlands S A RD EN FP 86 Thames Estuary Path TORI OLD H AV Wood VIC TH I L L Old Hill Mar Dyke D M R EA OU AM M R H S D K O I O KIR L W FP 198 L A D D R INGLEFIELDRD FP 160 BR 225 FP 91 FP 86 FP 14 Tyelands Railway Station B L FP 198 A NE Farm FP 32 FP 162 1 LA 4 N EN 2 F E 0 DR IA H E S IC N R I A A L O PAT G 1 H k S C FP 86 13 U FP 226 2 7 e LM H B100 A T e E 8 B BULPHAN U H E r 1 S R FP 23 U FP 199 C 8 O FP 159 C H 6 FEN AT g H GRE SE HA n Tilbury Ferry Crossing FP 162 C i M FP 228 b L FP 227 b A I NE H L R LA N T o FP 136 O O O E H F W S A R N MA E D M R M BR 178 FP 85 L D O L I R FP 28 L FP 32 R L L D 5 E FP 86 Y 2 FP 158 FP 23 FP 191 H Gable Hall L FP 229 M SS
    [Show full text]
  • Update on the Free School Programme PDF 232 KB
    7 July 2020 ITEM: 13 Children’s Services Overview and Scrutiny Committee Update on the Free School Programme Wards and communities affected: Key Decision: All N/A Report of: Sarah Williams, Service Manager, Education Support Service Accountable Assistant Director: Michele Lucas, Assistant Director of Education and Skills Accountable Director: Sheila Murphy, Corporate Director of Children’s Services This report is public Executive Summary The Council has a statutory duty to ensure there are enough school places to meet demand and therefore needs to be proactive in ensuring we have high quality school accommodation that provides choice for parents and supports the educational outcomes for our children and young people. This report seeks to provide an update on the status of the free school programme including temporary accommodation prior to the opening of the free schools where required. 1. Recommendations 1.1 That Children’s Services Overview and Scrutiny Committee notes the update in relation to the Thames Park Academy Free School, Orsett Heath Academy Free School, Treetops 2 and Reach2 Free School 1.2 That Children’s Services Overview and Scrutiny Committee notes the update on the plans for temporary accommodation at Orsett Heath Academy and Thames Park prior to the opening of the Free Schools 2. Introduction and Background 2.1 Thurrock Council has a statutory responsibility to ensure that suitable and sufficient school places are available in Thurrock for every child of school age whose parents wish them to have one. 2.2 The successful Free Schools include: 2.3 Orsett Heath Academy - mainstream, 8FE, 1,200 place secondary with a sports specialism.
    [Show full text]
  • 1St March 2021
    Orsett Heath Academy HEAD OF SCHOOL: Miss S Rawson EXECUTIVE HEADTEACHER: Mr S Bell 1st March 2021 Dear Parent / Carer, Re: COVID Testing Arrangements Further to my letter last week, I am writing to update you about the return to school and testing arrangements. As outlined in the new guidance published by the Department for Education last week, rapid testing using Lateral Flow Devices (LFDs) will support the return to face-to-face education by helping to identify people who are infectious but do not have any COVID-19 symptoms. Key Summary Points All secondary school students will be offered testing at an on-site Asymptomatic Testing Site (ATS) from Monday 8 March. Testing and return of pupils can be phased during the first week to manage the number of pupils passing through the test site at any one time. Schools will offer three tests, two to five days apart. Pupils should return to face-to-face education following their first negative test result. The test is voluntary and pupils not undergoing testing should attend school in line with the phased return arrangements. After an initial programme of three tests in school, pupils will be provided with two rapid (30 minute) tests to use each week at home. Results will be shared with NHS Test and Trace and the school. The full guidance can be found at— HERE Our Approach at Orsett Heath All students will be offered an initial LFD test on Monday 8 March, onsite at Orsett Heath. Students will be sent directly home after this first test.
    [Show full text]