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13 CHARING CROSS, S.W., AND AT THE EXHIBITION. x886.

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CATALOGUE OF EXHIBITS

IN THE

WESTERN AUSTRALIAN

COURT.

WITH A PREFACE GIVING SOME GENERAL INFORMATION AS TO THE PRESE T CONDITION AND PROSPECTS OF THE COLONY.

LONDON: WILLIAM CLOWES & SONS, LIMITED, '!!h inters nnlJ tpubiis~crs to tl)e ~O!!al QJ:ommission,

13 CHARING CROSS, S.W., AND AT THE EXHIBITION. x886. LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMIT«D, s·rAMFORD STRmtf AND CHARING CROSS. PREFACE.

I:-.l" a few pages it is proposed to give a general outline of the rise and progress of the Colony of Western Australia, the largest and the least known and the least populated of the Australian group. For these reasons it is al o the most important from the point of view of the intending Colonist, who naturally desires to settle where there is still an unworked field for his energies, and where he may be practically a pioneer, rather than a wage-earning competitor against the thousands who have preceded him, as is too often the case with those who emigrate to America, or even to the large centres of population in the Eastern Colonies of Australia. Western Australia includes all that enormous extent of terri­ tory lying west of the I29° meridian of east longitude up to I I 3° I 5', and from I 3° 45' to 3 5° 5' south latitude, its extreme length being from south to north I,z8o miles, and its breadth from cast to west 8oo miles. Here we have a territory of about a million square miles, eleven times the extent of Great Britain and one-third of the continent of Australia. To those who live in London and the other large overcrowded cities of the mother country, it will be difficult to conceive that so stupendous an area of the earth's surface as vVestern Australia should possess a population of less than 40,000. This mere handful of people, a fraction only of any large London suburb, and about one-eighth of either Melbourne or Sydney, is as a rule settled merely along the seaboard of the Colony. Settlement is extending inland; but practically Western Australia, if not a te1'ra incognita, is an undeveloped territory, capable of sustaining an infinitely greater population than that which at present fringes its coasts. B 2 ( 4 ) Western Australia is the o nly one of the Australian group which is still a " Crown" Colony, that is to say, a British depen­ dency where the officials of the Government as well as the Governor are appointed by the English Government. In addition to His Excellency the Governor and an Executive Council, there is a Legislative Council, consisting of members of the Executive Council, with the exception of the Colonial Treasurer, four nominees of the Crown, and sixteen elected members. It is not, perhaps, necessary to go into further details of the Govern­ ment of the Colony ; but it may be added that there are "property" qualifications both for electors and elected members of the Legislative Council. The seat of Government is Perth, and the present Governor is Sir F. Napier Broome, K.C.M.G., whose lecture last year before the Royal Colonial Institute, on which occasion H.R.H. the Prince of Wales presided, has done so much to make the Colony known in England. The products of Western Australia are wool, timber, lead, copper, pearls, pearl shells, guano, sandal-wood, wine, fruits, and wheat and cereals, also horses, cattle, and all live stock; and to the list of minerals must now be added gold. The exports of wool for r885 were valued at £248,400; timber, £67,850; lead ore, £3,255; copper ore,£ r,792; pearls and pearl shell s, £58.496; sandal-wood, £36,2r6; horses, £IOA75; cattle and sheep,£I,242; dogs,£ II7; guano, £3.432 ; gum, £I,09I ; provisions, £8,905 ; skin s, £2,259, &c., &c. To the north of latitude 28° south-writes the Hon. John Fon·est, C.M.G.-" the country is used almost exclusively for pasturage, and is eminently suited for cattle, horses, and sheep. The largest squatting properties are now to be found in the northern districts of the Colony, and pastoral pursuits are suc­ cessfully followed there by enterprising Colonists. A( the end of r885 there were I,702,7I9 sheep in the Colony, and the estimated value of the export of wool was £248,400, the average price being Is. per pound. " The southern portion of the Colony is suited not only for ( 5 ) pasturage, but also for the growth of cereals and most other tropical products." The following is the retunz of the number of Stock in the Colony, from the last official retums in Blue Book, r885.

Horned Sheep. Goats. District. Horses. Cattle. Pigs. Camels. •" ------

I. Southern Districts, including Welling- ton, Sussex, Plan- tagenet, Williams, Murray and Black- wood ...... 10,927 27,999 283,392 576 5,149 .. 2. Central Districts, in- eluding York, Too- dyay and Swan .. 12,320 15,489 248,604 1,286 14,327 .. 3· Victoria District, in- eluding Geraldton, Greenough and Irwin . . . . •• 4,481 6,684 310,357 r,266 4,521 .. 4· Gascoyne District .. I ,005 3,004 246,8o6 325 63 27 5· North District .. 5,276 I 5, IIO 557,963 r,o69 213 .. 6. Kimberley District 383 2,122 55.5 97 7 7 .. ------Total .. 34.392 70,408 1,702,719 4,529 24,280 27

Much of the south-western portion of the Colony is heavily timbered, and in this part the celebrated "Jarrah" covers almost endless tracts of country, and from its durability and power of resisting the sea-worm and the white ant is held in high esteem. It is largely used for railway sleepers, piles, and harbour works. The "Karri," specimens of which, as well as "J arrah," may be seen in the "Timber Trophies " of the Exhibition, is almost as valuable a wood. Sandal-wood forms an article of export, in 1885, of over £36,216; the Colony is also rich in minerals. There is practically an unlimited supply of lead, splendid lodes of which, as well as copper, are to be found in the Champion Bay district at Northampton. There are also to be found magnetic iron and zinc ores. In addition to this, that magic metal, gold, upon which the prosperity of the rest of Australia has been based, is now being found. ( 6 )

Northampton is connected by railway with Geraldton, Cham­ pion Bay, which seaport, it is hoped, will ere long be connected with the capital, Perth, by what will be known as the Midland Railway of Western Australia. The Pearl fisheries of the Colony, which are becoming yearly more famous, are on the north-west coast. The value of the export for 1885 was £58,496, viz., pearl shells, £43,496, the average price being £145 a ton. The pearls were estimated at some £rs,ooo. It may be readily understood that with so small a population, and with temptations of gaining greater prizes in other directions, the purely agricultural progress of the Colony has not been great. Of course, wheat, oats, barley, maize, and other cereals arc grown, and yield a good average ; but the extent of land under cultiva­ tion is small. Under the existing liberal land laws, and with the increase of.population, which it is to be hoped will be largely of men accustomed to farming, great progress should be made in agriculture during the next few years. It is the object of the authorities to settle on the boundless area of the Colony a vigorous population for the most part of men and women who have sprung from the rural districts of the Mother Country. In the interests of such of these as may look to this great undeveloped colony as their possible future "home," it might be as well to summarise the report of the "Land Regulations," to be found in the Hon. John Forrcst's 'Notes on Western Australia.' The Colony is divided into five land districts, viz., Central, Central-Eastern, South-Eastern, North, and Kimberley. In the Central or Home District land is alienated to the first applicant at ros. an acre, in lots of any size not less than forty acres, except for garden purposes, when as little as ten acres can be bought, or on special occupation, with certain improvements, by annual instalments for ten years of Is. an acre. When the improvements, which consist of fencing the whole and cropping one quarter, are completed, and Ios. an acre is paid, a Crown Grant issues; but until the improvements arc completed the ( 7 ) annual instalment of Is. an acre must be continued, even after the full ros. has been paid. The minimum size of blocks under special occupation is roo acres; there is no maximum. Free selection before survey is permitted. Crown lands are leased for pasture in the Central District in blocks of not less than ro,ooo acres (to the first applicant, at£ r per rooo acres, and on annual license for areas not less than rooo acres) at the same rate. The termination of all leases in this district takes place at the end of r887. In the Central-Eastern, South-Eastern, and North District land is sold in blocks of not less than 400 acres, at ss. an acre, and is leased for pasture at ss. per rooo acres for the first half, and ros. per rooo acres for the second half of the lease, in blocks of not less than 20,000 acres. All such leases terminate at the end of 1893. A lessee may at any time, during the first seven years of his lease, select from his run any land, not less than rooo acres, which he desires to hold under an unconditional pre­ emptive right, at an annual rental of £5 per rooo acres. All such unconditional pre-emptivc rights may be redeemed in fee on the following terms: In the Northern District, if within the first seven years of the lease, by payment of ss. ; and during the remainder of the term of ros. for each acre redeemed. In the Central-Eastern and South-Eastern Districts, if within the first seven years of the lease, by payment of 2s. 6d. ; and, during the remainder of the term, of ss. for each acre redeemed. In the Kimberley District land is sold at ros. an acre to the first applicant, in blocks of not less than 200 acres, and leased for pasture at ws. per rooo acres, in blocks of not less than so,ooo acres on frontages, and 20,000 acres where there is no frontage. Leases in this district terminate also at the end of 1893. A stocking clause provides that one head of large stock, or ten head of sheep, for every rooo acres held by a lessee, shall be kept in the district after the first four years of the lease, or double rent paid until such time as the required number of stock are within the district. In the event of the required number of ( 8 ) stock not being in the district at the end of seven years, the lease will be forfeited. Leases and licenses can be transferred with the approval of the Commissioner of Crown Lands, and on payment of a fee of IOS. New regulations will be proclaimed before I 887 for the Central District, and before I 893 for all other districts. Lessees are entitled to receive from the purchasers of land within their leases the actual value of any improvements they have made on the land purchased. Town lands arc sold by public auction, the upset price being fixed by the Government. Timber.-Licenses to cut timber are issued at ss. a month for each man employed. Special licenses at £zo per annum for each 640 acres are also issued. To encourage timber companies on a large scale special concessions are given. Minerals.-Leases for areas not less than twenty acres are granted for seven years on certain conditions at a rental of ss. an acre, and the land can be purchased by the lessee at £3 an acre, provided certain machinery has been erected, and that the mine has been properly worked. The Land Transfer Act, sometimes known as the "Torrens Act," has been in force several years, and is of great importance as affording an easy and cheap means of dealing with land. All Crown Grants are issued under its provisions. The Kimberley District comprises that portion of the Colony lying to the north of 19° 3o' south latitude. Its area is about r 34,000 square miles, of which SS, lOO square miles are leased from the Crown, and the remainder (about 78,900 square miles) is open to selection on pastural lease at ros. a rooo acres per annum. Free selection to purchase, subject to approval, is allowed, and land in any quantity over zoo acres can be bought at 10s. per acre. A town site named "Derby" has been surveyed on the eastern ( 9 ) shore of King Sound, and a Government station (with a magis­ trate) has been formed there. When the last returns were sent in there were 58,597 sheep, 2122 cattle, and 383 horses on the Fitzroy and Lennard Rivers, near Derby, besides a large number of cattle on the Upper Ord River that have been driven across from Queensland. The country on the Ord River is now being surveyed, and will, no doubt, be speedily settled, and Cambridge Gulf, the natural outlet of this portion of the district, will pro­ bably become a place of some importance. This magnificent harbour has recently been visited by Staff Commander Coghlan, R. ., and his interesting and valuable report has been printed, and can be obtained on application to the Survey Office, Perth. Running streams arc numerous in the northern portions of this district, and splendid alluvial plains exist in the valleys of the rivers, which it is hoped may be suitable for tropical culture. A very great deal of attention has been drawn to it from the Eastern Colonies, and extensive areas are held on lease by out­ side capitalists. Horses, cattle, and sheep thrive well, and it is believed, by all those best qualified to judge, that it will be a large wool-pro­ ducing country. While dealing with the land system of the Colony, it may be as well to refer to the Land Grant Railways which are to be con­ structed-one from Beverley to Albany, some 240 miles, on condition that for every mile of railway the GoYernment cede to the company 12,000 acres of land. The contractor is to finish the line in seven years, and to introduce 5000 immigrants. A similar contract has been made to construct a railway from Guildford to Greenough, a distance of 260 miles. To refer to the gold discoveries in Western Australia, which have already made a considerable stir both in the Eastern Colonies and in England, they may be first traced to the report of Mr. Hill, who accompanied the first explorer, Mr. Alexander Forrest, into the Kimberley District, and ·who on his return pre­ dicted that gold would be found. Mr. Hardman, the Government ( ro )

Geologist, subsequently accompanied the Land Survey party, and, on his report, two or three practical prospectors proceeded to the district and actually found gold, but were obliged to return to Derby for provisions. They were then assisted by the Govern­ ment vvith horses, &c., on their second trip, and since then a con­ siderable quantity of the precious metal has been brought in, some of which is to be seen in the West Australian Court of the Colonial and Indian Exhibition. On the strength of Mr. Hardman's official report (an extract from which may be found in the Appendix), and still more by reason of the accounts published of the actual gold discoveries of the prospectors, a "rush" has set in, chiefly from the other Australian Colonies, which may lead to the very rapid settlement and progress of this portion of Western Australia, and to the ''rcat benefit of the whole Colony. So essential to the development of the Colony is increase of population that the authorities arc now giving great attention to immigration. A sum of f,zo,ooo has been expended during this year for that purpose, and in 1885 omc 381 immigrants "·ere introduced from England, a number which will be greatly ex­ ceeded, probably tripled, in 1886. Every effort is being made, both by the Crown agents as well as by the loc ;:t l authorities, to send out a desirable class of Color,ists, and the Hon. Malcolm Frascr, the Colonial Secretary, who is acting· as Executive Com­ missioner for the West Australian Court, has been enabled to look after the interests of his Colony in respect to the immigra­ tion proposals. The intending British emigrant, who desires to make his home in Western Australia, has been told som~thing concerning the physical resources of the Colony; but it is necessary to add a few words as to its social and intellectual condition. Government schools exist throughout the Colony, and the Education Act in force has compulsory clauses. The standard attained, if not so high as in Victoria or New Zealand, is already almost on a level with that of New South Wales, and slightly in advance of Tasmania. ( II )

As Western Australia is now making such rapid progress in other directions, it is not likely that her Gov~rnment will permit her to fall back in the matter of public education. The capital, Perth, beautifully situated on the Swan River, has a population of 7000, and its port, Fremantle, about sooo. Albany and Geraldton are the tmms next in importance at present, and number about rooo inhabitants each. All of these towns enjoy a salubrious climate, and, in fact, the death-rate of the entire Colony is enough to prove that Western Australia is as a rule healthy, and well suited to the Britisl~ race. The mean annual death-rate of the Colony from r865 to 1883 is only 15·37 for every thousand of the population, while in Great Britain it is 2!"40. In so rapid a survey as this, it has not been thought desirable to burden the pages with sets of statistics and tables of returns. But it is confidently believed that enough has been written to prove to those who are giving the subject any attention, that Western Australia is one of the most desirable of the British Colonies for those who arc anxious to make their homes in the New World of Australasia.

WESTERN AUSTRALIAN EXHIBITS.

ARTS. Paintiugs. Taylor, Mrs. Campbell, Lynburn, Thomas River, Western Australia. 1. Oil Painting: Wreath of Wild Flowers of south-east coast of Western Australia. 2. Water-colour Painting of Orchids, gathered 400 miles east of Albany. 3. Water-colour Painting, containing five views of Albany scenery and four groups of wild flowers. 4. Water-colour Painting of Bush Homestead, Lynburn, Thomas River, portraits of seven aborigines. Purnell, Miss, Bunbury. 5. A series of Water-colour Paintings of the Wild Flowers of Bun bury District, mounted on screen. Franklyn, Miss, Albany. 6. Oil Painting, Red Mallock and White Jessamine Creeper. 7. Orchids. Botanically painted ( ro species). 8, Sa. Ditto. 9. Oil Painting, group of flowers. 10. Water-colour Painting, single spray on moss. 11. Water-colour Painting, Eucalyptus Flowers. Knight, Mrs. W. G., Albany. 13. Painting, Porongerup Hills and Homestead, showing the Bolganup Pass. 14. Painting, Millinup Pass, thirty miles north of Albany. 15. Painting, Tom South's Lake, Pootanup, showing part of Stirling Range, eighty miles from Albany. 16. Painting, Part of Toolbarnup Hills, Stirling Range, with natives starting on a journey. 17. Painting, Princess Royal Harbour, Albany. ( 14 ) 18. Painting, Youle Hill, .Aibany. 19. Painting, Sketch of Marblup, Albany. 20. Painting, King George's Sound, from Middleton Bay. 21. Painting, Sketch of Candyup, showing the Entrance to Oyster Harbour, Albany. 22. Painting, Elbow Island Reach, Kalgan River, nine miles from Albany. 23. Painting, Sketch of Hay River, St. Werburgh Chapel in the distance. 24. Painting, Oyster Harbour and Entrance to King River. 25. Painting, Princess Royal Harbour, and native camp. 26. Double Picture in Oils of proposed site of ew Albany. 27. Landscape showing Mount Money Peak and Entrance to Two Peoples Bay. 28. Rock Dunder. 29. Two Peoples Bay. 30. Mount Gardner and Cape Vancouver. 31. A pair of Pencil Sketches of Albany from the rocks. Forrest, Mrs. John, Perth. 31a. Six Water-colour Paintings, Wild Flowers. Cooper, Miss Louisa, Albany. 32. A pair of Water-colour Drawings of Wild Flowers (in grass tree frames). 33. Water-colour Wreath of Wild Flowers (framed in Sandalwood).

EDUCATION AND INSTRUCTION. Photographs, Proofs, aud Plzototithography. Survey Department. 34. A series of Maps of the various districts of the Colony. Midland of Western Australian Land and Railway Syndi­ cate, Limited. 35. Plans, Photographs, and Publications relating to the proposed Railway and Colonization Scheme: Guild­ ford-Greenough Line. I. Perth. 2. Town Hall, Perth. 3· Ditto. ( 15 )

4- Mrs. Lefroy, House, Guildford. 5· Vineyard, near } remantlc. 6. Water Hall, Guildford. 7· Vineyard, near Fremantle. 8. Vineyard, Swan River, Guildford. 9· View at Gingin. ro. View near Gingin. rr. Group, Webbing. 12. View near Gingin. 13. Farm Buildings, Webbing. 14. House at Gingin. I 5· Bush Station, Webbing. r6. Bush Camp, Wannamal. 17. Berkshire Valley. 18. View, Berkshire Valley. 19, 20, 2r. Ditto. 22. Hampton Hotel, Walkaway. 23. Geraldton. 24. Mr. Grant's, near Geraldton. 2 5· Yandenooka. 26. Ditto. 27. Geraldton. 28. Dongarra. 29. Catholic Mission, New Norcia. 30. Geraldton Pier. 31. Catholic Mission, New Norcia, Ganery. 32. Catholic Mission, New Norcia, Natives. 33· Caranamah. 34· Ditto. 35 . Mr. Phillip, Farmhouse. 36. Perth. 37· Farmyard, Irwin River. 38. I nvin House. · 39· Invin House, Irwin River. 40. I rwin H ouse, Outhouse. 41. Vineyard, Swan River, Guildford.

Western Australian Land Company. 36. Map of portion of the Colony, showing country tra­ versed by Albany-Beverley L ine : ( 16 )

a. Water-colour Sketch of a freshwater lake nine miles west of Albany. b. Three Plates, water-colour drawing, of Wild Flowers. c. Water-colour drawing of Giant Onions grown atAlbany, illustrating the fertility of the soil. P ltotograpltS. Mount Clarence, Albany. Grassy Plain, at 6 miles. Pootenny, at 7 5 miles. Boyerine, at I 37 miles. Maplestead, at 205 miles. Albany, showing Entrance to Princess Royal Harbour. Lake Katrine. S. Torrish's Farm, at 88 miles. Arthur River, at 165 miles. Native Shepherds. Albany, from the Town Settlement. Charkerup, at 23 miles. Walkcnup, at 97 miles. Dodd's Farm, at 180 miles. Pat Garrity and Family. Grassy Plain, at 5 miles. Tooveys, at 65 miles. Grassy Country, at 108 miles. Doust's Farm, at 188 miles. Town Hall, Perth. Grassy Plain, at 6 miles. L ake Katrine, 9 miles from Albany. Pat Garrity's Farm, at I 10 miles. Maplestead, at 205 miles. Perth. Samson, Louis, Leinster Gardens, London. 36a. Lithograph of a Sketch of Fremantle in 1852, by H. Samson. Samson, E. L. 36b. Lithograph of a Sketch of Perth in 18 52, by H. Samson. These lithographs have been lent by the exhibitors as being of interest, showing the rapid progress made since 1852 in the buildings and consequent development of those townships. The ( 17 ) photographs adjoining show the present appearance of Perth and Fremantle.

Western Australian Commission. 37. Photographs of the City of Perth, taken from the Town Hall:- a. West ern view. b. Northern view. c. Eastern view. d Southern view. e. Fremantle. f. Bunbury. g. Vasse. it. Albany. i. York Valley. f Newcastle. k. Views of Perth from Mount Eliza (2). Photographs of Kimberley Scenery, enlarged from negatives taken by H. J. Johnstone, Government Surveyor:- !. Mount Fracture. 1/Z. Gorge in Basalt, Lower Ord River, Erskine Range in distance. n. Stonewall Creek. o. Fresh Pool, Ord River. p. House Roof, Hill. q. Gorge in Basalt, Ord River, Fall of Erskine Range in the distance. r. Cambridge Gul£ s. Fresh Lagoon, Lower Ord River. t. Tidal part of Lower Ord River. tt. Fresh Lagoon, Upper Ord, Carr Boyd Range in dis- tance. v. Fresh Lagoon, Upper Ord, Carr Boyd Range in distance. w. Fresh Pools, Ord River. x. Tidal part of Lower Ord. y. Billabong, near West Baston Hill. z. Fresh Pool on the Ord River. :::z. Stockade, erected to protect an injured man ·and his attendant. zzz. Palms on Rocky Ground. c ( '18 )

Photographs taken by E . T. Hardman, Government Geologist, whilst surveying Kimberley District :- aa. Camp near Margaret River. bb. Residency and Court House, Derby. cc. In Geike Range. dd. Albert Edward Range, Gorge of Elvira River. ee. Ditto. ff. Baobab Tree (Adamsonia). gg. Screw Pine. hit. Fan Palm. zz. Cajeput Tree. JJ· Survey Camp. kk. Pioneer Sheep Station, Yecda River (first consignment of wool). ll. Albert Edward R ange, Palm Creek. The Fan Palm (Livistona Aust1'al£s). mm. Baobab Tree (Adamsottia). nn. Camp in Valley, Grant Ranges. oo. Forest Scene near the Vasse. pp. A Native's Grave. qq. Government House, Perth. rr. Forest Scene, Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor). ss. St. Je lm's Creek, Blackwood District. tt. A Group of Native Prisoners at Rottnest. Photographs of various places in the Southern District, taken by Lieutenant Dockrell, R. r. 3 8. Padbury, Waiter, Yat!J.eroo :- a. Photographs of Prize Cattle. b. Cow and Calf, pure Shorthorn. c. Ditto. d. Fat Bullock, weight r656 lbs. e. Fat Oxen. f. Ditto. These animals were all prize cattle, and were fed upon the natural grasses of the· district, no artificial food being used.

PRINTING. Traylen, W. 39. A portfolio of Specimens of Printing. ( 19 Western Australian Commission. 39a. A work on the Timber Trade and Forest Resources of Western Australia, compiled by the Hon. Malcolm Fraser, C.M.G., and published by the authority of the Government in 1882; together with a report on the Forest R esources of the Colony, by Baron F. von Mu ell er.

ETHNOLOGY. Western Australian Commission. 39b. Collection of the Native Weapons and Implements illustrative of the Manners and Customs, mode of vVarfare, and means by which the Aborigines procure their food. Obtained through the agency of the Police Department from all parts of the Colony, extending over a distance of r8oo miles. The Spears, Kyleys (Boomerangs), Shields, are arranged in t rophies round the Court and in the shape of a star, supported upon the Jarrah timber erection, which forms the principal entrance into the Court. a. Shields-Native name in Western Australia, "vVonda," or Wunda. b. Boomerangs- Native name in Western A ustralia, "Kyleys." These are propelled with great force by the natives, and from their shape travel with an erratic but circular motion for a considerable distance, and should they not in their course strike any object, they return to the immediate neighbourhood of the thrower. These vary somewhat in shape, those from the most northerly districts being more curved and less sharply angul ar than those from the south. c. Woomera. Used for throwing the spear. In eastern dis­ tricts "Hinaqu." d. Dowarks (chisel-stick). Used in digging for edible roots, &c., and for climbing trees, and for throwing and striking. e. Tomahawk Generally formed of a piece of flint, the edges of which have been sharpened, secured on a piece of hardwood by a mixture of blackboy gum, &c. c 2 ( 20 )

f The Native Knife, formed of a small piece of hard wood, to the upper portion of which a number of small "flints" have been secured by black boy gum (Xant!torrlzcea). [N OTE.- A less binding mixture is used by the natives when securing the flints or barbs used on their spears, in order that the barb may be detached and remain in the wound made by the spear.] g. Oon6s (Spinning Machines). The spinning action is obtained by one hand rubbing the Oon6s against the thigh whilst the right guides the hair or other substance, thus forming the string until there is no more room on the Oon6s. !t. Thagga (dish). Used for digging and scooping up water; used also as a spade. z. Ornaments, Used at corroborrees or festivals. Emu Feathers. Chocolocal Feathers. Knoolyumbidda. Made of sandalwood, and used to pass through the nose of the young man when first pierced, where it remains until the wound is healed. Y owada. Small bone of the leg of a kangaroo used by natives as a kind of hairpin. They are also used as needles when more pointed. Yowada. Head decorations. • J· Boombarro (Message Sticks). Mode of communication between tribes and individuals. Used also as a kind of passport or safe conduct, and is stated to be generally respected by the different families or tribes. Meros. When swung at the end of a string round the head they produce a loud humming sound. Used at all circumcision rites. Cundy Stones. Used on Upper Murchison for rite of circumcision. Bulya Stone. Used by medicine men as a "charm" stone. The medicine man (Bulya) blows on it, then rubs it on his breast and applies it to the injured or affected part repeating certain words. Possessors of these stones are supposed to have the power of sending disease and even death to those offending them. ( 2I )

Camdi or Coonda. Cutting Flints. Booka. Native cloak made of Kangaroo skin.

B OTAN ICAL. The Hon. Malcolm Frase r, C.M.G., in his work on the timber trade of the Colony, writes-" It will be seen that the forests from which timber is now exported from Western Australia are altogether at its south-·west extremity, and this is doubt­ lessly occasioned by reason of the fact that the climate of that part, being subject to the influences of the moist currents of air from both south and north, and being more or less hilly, is more humid and temperate than other parts, as shown by the rainfall of the Meteorological stations now established, which are, how­ eve r, virtually outside the forests' limits, and therefore really less influenced by the hill rains." Annual Rainfall Mean Shade in inches. Temperature. North and East { Geraldton, Champion Bay .. r6 67° of forests. York ...... r 5 63° Perth . . 33 67° Forest districts. FBrenb1antle 30 64o un ury 30 61° IAlbany.. 31 59° The above results are from observations for the years I88o­ r88 r. The forest area south of the tropics is included within the parallels of south latitudes 3 r deg. to 35 deg., but very little good • timber of any size is fo und nearer the coast than five to seven miles. As a fact, it may be stated that a b elt of forest land exists between the latitudes above mentioned, in some places extending inland for roo miles, but the best jarrah wood is found in the hill ranges and not nearer than fifteen or twenty miles from the coast, and of this the areas occupied by the principal Euca­ lypti are- Square miles. White Gum (Eucalyptus viminalis) 10,000 J arrah (Eucalyptus 1/Za?'ginata .. 14,000 Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) . . 2,300 T uart (Eucalyptus gomplwcephala) 500 Red Gum (Eucalyptus calop!tylla 8oo York Gum ( E ucal)'jJtus doxopltleba) 2,400 ( 22 )

But, further, on this subject it may be well to quote the opinions of Baron V on Mucller, as given in his 'Report on the Forest Re­ sources of Western Australia.' Of the spontaneous resources he writes thus:-" The forest region. of extra-tropic West ustralia occupy an area equal to the whole territory of Great Britain ;. and it is singularly fortunate for the Colony that over this vast extent of wooded country a species of Eucalyptus ( the Jarrah) prevails, which for the durability of its timber is unsurpassed by any kind of tree in any portion of the globe. Under such cir­ cumstances the timber resources must be regarded as among the foremost in importance throughout the wide tracts of Western Australia, even if the many other kinds of utilitarian trees occur­ ring in the more southern portion of that colonial territory, and the more varied sorts of timber trees to be found within the intra-tropic regions of Western Australia were left out of con­ sideration. It is furthermore of particular advantage to the Colony that its highly valuable Jarrah timber is obtainable through, at least, five degrees of geographic latitude, and this within so short and moderate a distance of shipping places as to render it easily accessible to foreign traffic." Again-" The wood has attained a world-wide celebrity ; when especially selected from hilly localities, cut while the sap is least active, and subsequently carefully dried, it proves impervious to the borings of the chelura, teredo, and termites. It is, therefore, in extensive demand for jetties, piles, railway-sleepers, fence-posts, and all kinds of underground structures, and it is equally impor­ tant as one of the most durable for the planking and frames of ships." And again-" This much can be foreseen, that E. mar­ giuata is destined to supply one of the most lasting of hard wood timbers for a long time to come, at the least costly rate, to very many parts of the globe." But it is not only the Jarrah which the Baron celebrates among the timber trees of Western Australia; for example, the Karri (Eucalyptus diversico!or), sometimes styled E. eo/ossea on account of its huge dimensions, stems having been "measured 300 feet long up to the first limb, and one pa~ticularly gigantic tree sixty feet aro~nd at the base." This wood, he says, is "clastic and durable, and particularly ought for large planks." Again, E. o!eosa and others he notes for the value of the oil which can be extracted from their foliage; "it has proved the best known solvent for amber and other fossil resins, and of india-rubber, and unique in many technologic ap­ plications." Nor in considering the utile does he forget the duke, but records of one species: "Hardly anything more gorgeous can be imagined than the fof·est of E . ficifolia about the month of February, when brilliant trusses of flowers diffuse a rich red over the dark-green fo liage of the whole landscape." To the Eucalypts must be added the Acacias, as well for beauty as utility : A. acztmiuata, for its richly-scented and coloured wood, for the cabinetmaker and turner; A . salz"gna, the bark of which contains thirty per cent. of tannic acid ; and A. microbotrya, for its enormous yield of superior gum. Of more than I 50 acacias standing on record from the hitherto explored portions of Western Australia, he states " that the seeds of every sort would be acceptable for horticultural export trade, Australian acacias being always in request for European glass-houses." To these must be added the fragrant Sandalwood (Sa1ztalmn cyg- 1torztm), the Banksias, yielding beautiful wood for ornamental work, and the Cypress Pines of the north, valuable for their splendid wood and resin, and what we cannot douot will soon be utilised for masts, yards, spars, and decks for ship-building, as they have been for rafters, joists, and flooring for houses.

Western Australian Commission. 39c. Specimen of various Eucalypti, showing the woods (polished), leaves, flowers and seecl"vessels, collected by George Whitfield, Toodyay. I. TWATTA. A species of Eucalyptus only found to the eastward of the Darling Range, where it grows in great abundance. It seldom exceeds eighteen inches in diameter and twenty feet in height. It is used for wheelwrights' work, for which it stands un­ rivalled in Australia. 2 . COOLA_ . A species of Eucalyptus found growing on alluvial land and in the neighbourhood of water. It grows to a large size, but the timber is soft, and of no value. 3. MORRAL. A species of Eucalyptus found to the east­ ward of the Avon River. It grows to the height of ninety feet and three feet in diaflleter. The timber is heavy and clo;; e in the grain : it takes a ( 24 )

good polish, and, being of a dark colour, might take the place of oak or walnut in cabinet work. 4· WANDOW. A species of Eucalyptus. Next to the J arrah this is the most used timber ; it is very plentiful, grows to a larger size, and splits well for fencing. When seasoned it is very hard, and would answer for tramways, as it does not warp. S· WORROCK. A :species of Eucalyptus found growing to the eastward of the Avon River. There are large forests of it in the interior, where it grows to the height of eighty feet and three feet in diameter ; it splits well for fences, and hurdles for sheep folds. 6. MALLET. A species of Eucalyptus only found to th e eastward of the Avon River. The timber is light when seasoned ; it splits well, is easy to work, and is much used for making hurdles for sheep folds. 7. MELYERECK. A species of Eucalyptus found in the Darling Range. It grows to a large size, six feet in diameter and seventy feet high. The bark of this tree is covered with a white powder. The timber is soft when green, saws easily, is heavy and close in the grain, and when seasoned is the hardest of all our timbers. For wooden railways it might be made useful; it is to be found in considerable quantities. 8. ]ARRAH (Euca!;,ptus ma1'gi1tata). A species of Euca­ lyptus. It grows to the height of eighty feet and five feet in diameter. This timber is used for every purpose except wheelwright's work ; for roofing, shingles, and flooring. For cabinet work it takes a high polish, and some of the turning is very hand­ some. For shipwright's work, wharves, and jetties, it stands unrivalled. 9· MARLOCK. This species of Eucalyptus forms some of the thickets in the interior. It grows low and crooked, seldom more than ten feet high and two feet in diameter. This timber is not known to the tradesmen, but would work well for cabinet work. Some pieces have been found beau~ifully marked with black spots. ( 25 )

IO. · COORUP. This species of Eucalyptus is the largest and probably the eldest of our forest trees. When full grown the timber is of no value, but in young trees of about two feet in diameter the timber is light and tough ; it is much used in coach-building. The gum from this tree is valuable as an article of com­ merce, being a powerful astringent. It is a hand­ some tree, and worth growing for ornamental purposes. I r. PARRAL. This species of Eucalyptus grows to the height of one hundred feet, splits well for fencing, is sound and light, and if better known would prove a valuable timber. I 2. W ANDEROCK. A species of Eucalyptus found in the Darling Range, and, next to the Twatta, the most valuable timber for wheelwrights' work. It grows to the height of forty feet and two feet in diameter ; it splits vvell, is long in the grain, and answers well for dray shafts. 13. MAMBON, or SCENTLESS SANDALWOOD. This tree is very plentiful, and, from the fineness of the grain of the wood, might be made use of for block en­ graving. !4· MENNA. I$. TEA TREE (Melaleuca leucadendron). I6. A SPECIES OF MIMOSA. 17. RASPBERRY ]A.I (Acacia amminata), so called from its peculiar fragrance.

MANUFACTURES. Funzitun, &c. Western Australian Commission. 40. Furniture made from Woods indigenous to the Colony. Dining-room Suite, consisting of 6 ft. 6-in. sideboard, the top and front of which is of Banksia mixed with dark Sheoak ( Casuarina) mouldings, the curved panels in doors, span-rails and rediment are of Jamwood (A cacz'a acuminata), the ends of dark Sheoak. Dinner Waggon, Banksia, Sheoak, and Jam. Dinner Table, ditto. ( 26 )

Hall Furniture, consisting of Hall Stand; a useful piece of furniture of modern design, comprising seat, hat and coat rack, table, slipper cupboard, and umbrella stand, made principally of Sheoak, with Jamwood mouldings and spindles. a. Spindle-back Hall Seat; Native Pear. b. Spindle-back Hall Seat, with box; Native Pear and Sheoak. c. Panelled-back Hall Seat, with box under seat ; Jarrah. Bedroom Furniture:- One 6 ft. Wardrobe, filled with trays and drawers in centre, and a hanging wing at each end; underneath each wing is a drawer, the fronts of which and stiles of door are made from Banksia with Sheoak mouldings. The large bevelled panels of doors are of Native Pear, the small square carved ones at top of doors are made from Jamwood. One 4ft. Toilet Table, en suite, with bevelled glass, and jewel-boxes fitted; the top and fronts of drawers are of Native Pear and Banksi a, the mouldings of Sheoak, and legs of Jam wood. One 4 ft. Washstand, en suite, ditto, ditto. Three Chairs; Native Pear, Sheoak, Banksia, and Tuart.

Western Australian Commission. 41. Centre Show Case, containing collection of the Birds, Mammals, &c. Made in four parts, so as to be used if required as four wall cases. The woods used in the manufacture of this Show Case are-Jarrah (Eucal;tp­ tus marginata), Sheoak ( Casuarina), Raspberry Jam (Acacia acuminata), Banksia, Native Pear. For list of Birds, &c., see Appendices A. and B.

Wright, Hon. A. J., Perth. 42. Small Table madefrom and inlaid with Colonial Woods by T. Smith, Guildford.

Norris, H. J., Albany. 43. Small Child's Chair, carved by a shepherd out of the native peach wood. ( 27 )

Trinder, 0. I., Caterham, Surrey. 43a. A Table made of J arrah (Eucalyptus margz"?Zata) by the Western A ustralian Manufacturing Co., Limited, Perth.

Carvt"1Zgs, &c. Passmore, H., Albany. 44. Three Carved Photograph Stands, containing a pho­ tograph of His Excellency Sir F. N. Broome, KC. M.G. , Governor of Western Australia, and the Hon. Malcolm F raser, C. M. G., Colonial Secretary.

LEATHER WORK. L eather a1td S k£1ts, Boots, Shoes, R ttgs, &c. Christie, J. S., William Street, Perth. 45. Cabinet containing specimens of Boots and Shoes.

H arness, &c. York Local Committee. 46. Set of Cart Harness, made by Wood and A rundel, of Colonial Leather. 46a. Specimen of Boots and Shoes, made of Colonial Tanned Leather, for railway navvies.

Vict orian Tannery, Geraldton. 47. Specimens of Colonial T anned Leather, consisting of one sid e Bull Leather, one side Kip, one side Brown Harness, one side Black Harness.

T anned Skz"?Zs aud M omzted R ugs, &c. Western Australian Commission. 4 8. Rugs (Opossum skins) :­ I. Grey Opossum Skin Rug. 2 . Ditto. 3· Kangaroo Rug. 4· Grey Opossum Skin Rug. ( 2S )

5, 6, and 7· Grey Opossum Skin Rugs. 8. Mixed Opossum Skin Rug. 9 and 10. Grey Opossum Skin Rugs. Hay, D. A., Bunbury. 49. Rug (Opossum skin). Thomson, A. F., Perth. 50. Rug (Opossum skin). Local Committee, Albany. 51. R ug (skins of various a nimals). Perth Local Committee. 52. Two Dog Skins, mounted.

West Australian Commission. 53. T wo Native Dog Skins, mounted.

York Local Committee. 54. Two Emu Skins, mounted.

Bunbury Local Committee. 55. Two Emu Skins, mounted.

Monger, C. S., Newcastle. 56. Specimen of Tanned Kangaroo Skins. York Local Committee. 57. Rug (Opossum). Exhibited to show the kind of rug used by teamsters and working men.

TEXTILE FABRICS. S ilk and Silk Fabrics. Western A ustralian Commission. 58. A Banner (suspended over entrance from New South Wales Court), made from silk, the p roduce of silk­ worms raised on the Colony. 59. A Banner (suspended over entrance from Queensland Court), made from silk, the p roduce of silkworms raised in the Colony. ( 29 )

L ace Work, Embroz"de1y, T1Vool TVork. Passmore, H., Albany. 60. Wool-Work pictures of Princess Royal Harbour, Albany. Sewell, Miss, Guildford. 61. Specimens of home-made Hosiery, &c.

Clocks, &c. Galle, Jean, Albany. 6la. A carved Brass Clock, style of the time of Louis XVI.

Diving Dress. Street er, E. W., London and Cossack. 6lb. A Cabinet containing a Diver, fully equipped in one of C. E. Heinke & Co.'s new patent diving dresses. These dresses are now largely used on the coast of Western Australia. The Cabinet contains various curious formations of corals on shells, &c.

RAW AND UNMANUFACTURED PRODUCTS. Products of tlte Cultivation of Forests and Trades Relating tltereto.

F IRST R OOM. Western Australian Manufacturing Co., Limited, Perth. 62. A Trophy of Timber, composed of Jarrah (Eucalyptus margi?Zata). This E ucalypt extends over the greater portion of the country from the Moore River to King Ge01·ge's Sound, advanci ng also to Cape Leeuwin, forming mainly the forests of these tracks. The tree occasionally exceeds 100 feet in height, but rarely 150 feet. The wood has obtained a world-wide cele­ brity; when especially selected fro m hilly l ocalities, cut while the sap is least active, and subsequently ( 30 )

carefully dried, it proves impervious to the borings of the chelura, teredo, and termites ; it is therefore in extensive demand for jetties, piles, railway sleepers, fence posts, and all kinds of underground work, and it is equally im portant as one of the most durable for the planking and frames of ships. It is also much ·used for flooring, rafters, spars, and furniture. It is remarkable for its non-inflammable character. Keane & White. 63. A selection of J arrah, cut on the reserves and sawn at the Marion Vale Saw Mills, York Road. 64. A large Log, measuring 116 cubic feet, the end of which has been polished to show the exquisite pattern or figure of the wood, and the high polish this timber will take. 65. A large Log, measuring 91 cubic feet. The average weight of a cube foot of Jarrah timber is 63·rz lbs. Dunne Bros. 66. Two sections of Karri Timber, exhibited to show cleavage and fibre. Vasse Local Committee. 67. About four loads Tuart Timber (Eucalyptus gompho­ cephala.) (See Bridge.) Cut in the neighbourhood of Vasse. Used for shafts, naves, felloes, and various implements. It is solid, hard, and does not rend. It has come into use for shipbuilders' purposes and various artisans' work. ( Vz'de Baron F. von Mueller, Forest Resources.) Of late this timber has been in request for railway waggon construction, its toughness being of peculiar advantage for this kind of work. Average weight of cube foot of Tuart is 73·6lbs. Perth Local Committee. 68. Plank of Tuart (cut eight years). Bunbury Local Committee. 69. Slab Tuart. Western Australian Commission. 70. Porch erected of Jamwood and· shingled with Camarina. ( 31 )

Commission of Western Australia. 71. (See Bridge.) A selection of Wandoo (Eucalyptus ?'edzmca). A smooth-barked tree and the principal white gum-tree of Western Australia, so called on account of the hue of its bark, which on friction im­ parts a white colour, and is not shining. The wood is pale, hard, and durable, and is much used for cart­ shafts, spokes, cogs, rollers, naves, felloes, indeed for these purposes it is on the whole regarded as the best in Western Australia (Baron F. von Mueller). It is now used in railway waggon building. Dayies, M. C. Augusta. 7la. A selection of Karri Timber (Eucalyptus diversicolor). (Vide North-East Entrance to Court.) Neil:McNeil & Co., Jarrahdah. 72. A selection of J arrah. ( Vi'de North-East Entrance to Court.) Perth Local Committee. 73. Slab of J an·ah, suitable for counter top. Bunbury Local Committee. 74. A slab Jarrah cut from a baulk which has been lying on the beach at Bunbury thirty-six years. This baulk has been at times buried in sand drift, at others exposed to wind and vveather. 75. A small pile J arrah, taken from the Bun bury Jetty, of which it formed part for twenty-two years. 76. Three pieces of a J arrah Fencing Post, exhibited to show the durability of the timber. The fence was erected by the late Mr. J ames Chapman in Busselton, over thirty years ago. Clarkson, B. D., Newcastle. 77. Log Wandoo (Eucalyptus 1'ed?mca). Cut in the Toodyay district. 78. Log Morrel (Eucalyptus longicorm's). Grows principally near the sources of the Swan River. This wood is remarkable for its hardness, and is much used by wheeh rights. T heleaves are rich in oil. 79. Log Mungart. ( 32 ) Bunbury Local Committee. 79a. Log Sheoak ( Casttari1za). Dunne Bros. 80. A specimen piece of Yate (Eucalyptus cornttta). 81. A square piece of Yate (Eucalyptus comuta). 82. A log of Red Gum (Eucalyptus caloplrylla). Poron­ gorup Ranges. Perth Local Committee. 83. A section of Log Sheoak ( Casuarz'na). Dunne Bros. 84. Log Paper Bark (Melaleuca leucadendron. Perth Local Committee. 85. Log Paper Bark (Melaleuca leucadmdron). Dunne Bros. 86. Log Paper Bark (li!Jelaleuca leucadmdron), from Poron­ gorop Ranges. Perth Local Committee. 87. Block Swamp Oak (Casuarina), obtainable in large quantities, and said to be superior to Hickory for axe handles, &c. 88. A section River Banksia (Banksia vi1-ticillato). This beautiful pale and soft wood is sought for by joiners for furniture purposes, and is preferred by boat builders for small boats, being very tough and light. It can be obtained in lengths of I 5 feet to 20 feet I 6 inches by I 6 inches. Dunne Bros. 89. A section River Banksia, from the Southern District. York Local Committee. 90. T wo slabs River Banksia, York District. Perth Local Committee. 91. A slab of Raspberry Jam (Acacia acuminata), obtainable in considerable quantities. This specimen was cut eighteen years ago. A small tree widely distributed through extra tropic Western Australia. It yields lasting fencing posts, though its scented and hard ( 33 ) wood should reali se a good export price for orna­ mental woodwork on account of its fragrance. (Vide Baron F. von Muellcr, 'Forest Resources of Western Australia.' Dunne Bros. 92. Small log Raspberry Jam, cut in the neighbourhood of Phillips River. York Local Committee. 93. A selection of Sandalwood ( Sa?Ztalum cygnorum). The sandalwood of commerce extends from the Great Bight to Sharks Bay. A very lucrative export trade has for years been done in this timber, with China principally. Western Australian Commission. 93a. Polished specimens of various kinds of Furniture Woods:- Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata). Ditto, Curly. Native Pear. Sheoak ( Casuarina ). Ban ksia ( Banksia vertz'cz'llato) . Wandoo (Eucalyptus redmzca). Tuart (Euca!)ptus gomplzocep!tala). 93b. Four Album Backs inlaid with various woods. Hassell, A. & A., Kendenup. 94. Logs of Sandalwood, cut in the southern districts (Ettacup). Vasse Local Committee. 95. A Trying plane of Tuart which has been m constant use for over three years. Perth Local Committee. 96. Small plank of Native Pear. A small tree pretty widely distributed ; furnishes a good furniture timber of exquisite pattern. Vasse Local Committee. 97. ·A number of Boat Crooks from the Peppermint tree (Agmzis jlezztosa) ; can be obtained in any :quality ; much esteemed by local boat builders. D ( 34 )

Carnarvon Local Committee. 9S. A piece of Sandalwood grown in Carnarvon district. Albany Local Committee. 99. A selection of Hard Woods, A lbany Districts: White Gum, Yate, Red Gum, Banksia, J arrah. Perth Local Committee. 100. Four pieces of a Pile (Jarrah), taken from the old Perth Causeway. Exhibited to show its durability, it having been in and out of water for over forty years. York Local Committee. 101. Two slabs York Gum (Eztcal;pt?ts loxophleba). 102. Slabs White Wattle. 103. Two pieces White Gum. Sheratt, T., Albany. 104. Two pieces of a Pile which have formed part of a jetty for over forty-one years. . Perth Local Committee. 105. Small Butter K eg, composed of Jarrah and Sheoak staves. McKail, J., Albany. 106. A piece of Curly Ja rrah. Muir, A., Albany. 107. Six Silver Wattle Sticks, with creepers round them. Davies, M. C. Augusta. lOS. Seventeen Crooked Walking Sticks. lOSa. Specimens of Karrie Trenails. lOSb. Specimens of Shingles. lOSe. Specimens of Wedges. lOSd. Paring Blocks. lOSe. Spokes, Pickets, &c.

lvatz've and other Grasses, Fibrous Plants, &c. In the earlier days of the settlement of the coast country the land was comparatively free of scrub and richly grassed, which ( 35 ) grew so high that animals feeding could barely be seen. Thick scrub has since overgrown the country, and all but destroyed the original grasses ; they however quickly reappear on land which has been cleared and fenced, and are greedily eaten by stock. Vasse Local Committee. 109. A collection of Native Grasses from the Vasse Dis­ trict. Western Australian Commission. 110. A collection of Native Grasses, Swan District, collected by Mrs. Mead.

Perth Local Committee. 111. Specimen Broom Grass. This grass is obtainable in large quantities, and is exhibited with the view of ascertaining its suitability for manufacturing purposes, such as paper making, &c. 112. A quantity of Fronds from the Zamia Palm (Cycad). 113. A package Banksia Cones. 114. A package Blackboy Staple (Xantlto1'rltfEa). 115. A Grass Tree in flower, Kingee. 116. A Grass Tree in flower, IGngee. The heart of this tree is used fo r carriage wheel brakes, being not only durable but comparatively harmless in its action on the tires, though very effective as a brake. It is often used in road making over boggy places, owin g to its power of resisting decay. 117. A Black Boy (Xantltan'hfEa), twenty feet in height, of an exceptional size. 118. A sack of Red Gum Nuts. Victor, H. E. 119. Specimen of fibrous grass from the north-west coast, together with a piece of rope made therefrom by the natives. D unne, Miss. 119a. A collection of different kinds of Grasses indigenous to the Southern District. Also specimens (mounted) of the Fodder Plants, as well as the poison plants of that district. D 2 1-lerbs, R oots, 8~c . Vasse Local Committee. 120. Specimen of Herb known as Carpenters' Bitters, fre­ quently used with hops in flavouring home brewed beer. An infusion in water makes a valuable tonic. 121. Specimen of H erb known as Native Tea. The settlers in the earlier days of the Colony used it medicinally. The taste is not unlike the ordinary tea. 122. Specimen of Sarsaparilla ; grows plentifully in the swamps adjacent to the coast, and is frequently used. The roots bruised and boiled yield a liquor very simil ar to that of the sarsaparilla of commerce. 123. Specimen of l\1ena, so called by the natives, who eat it cooked and mashed up with clay or earth. 124. Specimen of Cutash, used by natives for food . 125. Specimen of Quandine, used by natives for food. 126. Specimen of J ackard, used by natives for food. Carnarvon Local Committee. 127. Specimen of Shrubs and Herbs, Carnarvon District. Perth L ocal Committee. 128. Two packets Native Tea.

Gu71ls. York Local Committee. 129. A sample of Manna Gum, the product of a kind of acacia. Is obtainable in large quantities. Vasse Local Committee. 130. Five bottles Red Gum Sap. Perth Local Committee. 131. A sample of Manna Gum. Dempster, C. E., Newcastle. 132. A sample of Arabic Gum. Perth Local Committee. 132a. A sample of Black Boy Resin (Xanthorr!tcea). Ob­ tainable in larg·e quantities, used for tanning pur- ( 37 ) poses, also for dyeing and varnishing. The aborigin es make.from it a bright yellow pain t w ith which they smear thei r bodies. Dempster, C. E., Newcastle. 133. A sample of Black Boy Resin (XanthcrrhOJa). Vasse Local Committee. 134. A sample of Black Boy Resin (XrmthorrhOJa). Bunbury Local Committee. 135. A sample of Black Boy Resin (XanthorrhOJa). Dunne Bros., Albany. 136. A sample of Black Boy Resin (XauthorrhOJa) . Vasse Local Committee. 137. A sample of Gum obtained from the Eucalyptus 1'0strata, the flooded gum of the interior. Possesses astringent and tanning properties. 138. A sample of Gum obtained from the Cabbage Tree. Not soluble in water, but probably useful in making oil or spirit varnish. Dunne Bros., Albany. 139. A sample of Gum obtained from the E ?tcalyptus calo­ phy lla. Red gum tree, obtainable in large quan­ tities. Bunbury Local Committee. 140. A sample of Gum obtained from the Eucalyptus ca!o­ pltylla. Red gum tree, obtainable in large quantities. Local Committee, Albany. 140a. Sample of Red gum obtained on the R. C. Glebe. Albany. Lloyd, C., Toodyay. 141. Nine bottles Red Gum Sap. Davies, M. C. Augusta. 142. One bottle Jarrah Sap. One bottle Karri Sap. Western Australian Commission. 142a. Singular kind of Gum, of which the natives arc very fond, and called by them Karri. Taken from a species of Casttarina. Fibrcus and T anning Barks. Local Committee, Roeburne. 143. A bag of Mangrove Bark, used for tanning pm.trp0ses. Furnishes a purple dye. A post of this wood will stain the ground surrounding it fo r a considerable distance. Anderson & Grant, Champion Bay. 144. Three varieties of vVattle Bark. Vasse Local Committee. 145. Specimen of Paper Bark obtained from the Paper Bark Tree (Mela!euca leucadendron). This bark is used by the natives in building their huts. It is extremely durable. Instances are known where it has been used for dam and drainage purposes in conjunction with timber, and it has been found after many years. that, although the timber had decayed, the pape• bark was quite sound. It is impervious to water. Perth Local Committee. 146. Specimen of Paper Bark obtained from the Paper Bark Tree (Melaleuca leucadeudrou). Lloyd, C., Toodyay. 147. A specimen of Wattle Bark. 148. Specim en of Manna Bark. Vasse Local Committee. 149; A sample of Black Wattle Bark (Acacia). Bunbury Local Committee. 150. Sundry samples of Black Wattle Bark (Acacia). Perth Local Committee. 151. Sundry samples of Wattle Barks. Dunne Bros., Albany. 152. Two samples of Tanning Bark, one VJ'attle Bark and one Salmon Bark. Perth Local Committee. 153. Sack of Banksia Baric 154. Sack of Wattle Bark. ( 39 ) Local Committee, Newcastle. 155. Sample Manna Bark 156. Sample Narker Bark. Dunne Bros., Albany. 157. Sample Manna Bark from Phillips River, Whitfield, George, Toodyay. 160. Two bundles of Fibrous Plants.

S mzdn'es. Hillas, G. P., Perth. 160a. Small bag of Quandong Nuts (native peach). Sewell, J., York. 160b. Small bag of Quandong Nuts (native peach). Sewell, Miss J., Guildford. 161. Specimen of Quandong Nuts. Local Committee, Perth. 162. Zamia Palm Nuts and Seeds.

PRODUCTS OF SHOOTING, HUNTING, FISHING, AND SPONTANEOUS PRODUCTS.

Western Australian Commission. 163. A Cabinet containing a collection of the Fauna of Western Australia, collected by Mr. vVebb of Albany. See Appendices A. and B. 164. A number of Pelican Skins. These birds frequent the estuaries along the coast in large numbers, and their skin yields a fine down. Vasse Local Committee. 165. Swan Skins. Swans are still very abundant, although for years mercilessly shot down or taken alive whilst moulting. An Act has, however, lately been passed making it illegal to shoot them during the close season. ( 40 )

Western Australian Commission. 166. Twelve Swan Skin s, from the Mm-ray River. York Local Committee. 167. T welve Kangaroo Skins. Newcastle Committee. 168. Twelve Opossum Skins, tanned. York Local Committee. 169. Opossum Skins. Clinch, J. 170. One E mu Ski n. Local Committee, York. 171. Five Dalgite Skin s. 172,. Five Native Cat Ski ns. Newcastle Local Committee. 173. Specimens of various Birds' Eggs, collected to the eastward of Newcastle. York Local Committee. 174. Sundry Emu Eggs. Gascoyne Local Committee. 175. Sundry Emu Eggs. Vasse Local Cbmmittee. 176. Sundry Emu Eggs.

F z'slt Oz'ls. The numerous whales, sharks, porpoises, dugong, &c., which frequent the coast of Western Australia all yield fine oils. There is also considerable trade in the northern coast in Beche de Mer. Vasse Local Committee. 177. A sample of Whale Oil. 178. Sharks' Oil. Of late years the pearl shell fi sheries on the northern coast of \ i\Tes tern Australia have been gradually increasing in importance. A large number of vessels are now engaged, and a considerable ( 41 ) amount of capital is invested in this particular industry. Up to the last f ew years Malay and Nati ve dive rs a lone were e m­ ployed, but lately improved diving dresses, first introd uced by Mr. Streeter, of London and Cossack, are being used, the extra outlay being· well compensated for by a g reater return in the shell obtained.

Fishery P roducts. McRae & Ifarper. 179. A number of Mother-of-Pearl Shells, weighing to­ gether 2 cwt., of exceptional size. Western Australian Commission. 180. A trophy of Pearl Shells from the Northern Coast F isheries. North-West Australian Mercantile Co. 181. A selection of Mother-of-P earl Shells. Western Australian Commission. .182. A c oll ection of various S hells and Sponges found on the coasts (Rev. C. G. Nicolay). Bethell, Mrs., Ellesmere House, Haroldstone Road, London. 183. A Cabinet containing Corals, Shells, &c. Clifton, George. 183a. A collection of Shell s. Moore, W. D., & Co., 'Fremantle. 184. A selection of Mother-of-Pearl Shells from Sharks Bay. Howard, E. W. 185. Vertebrce of a Saw Fish caught by Mr. Baston, Jun., in the Gascoyne River, measuring r6 ft. 6 in. , a nd the saw 5 ft. 5 in. long. Gale·, Mrs., Perth. 185a. Specimens of Coral. Perth Syndicate (Agent, F. H. Cheesewright). 185c. The Southern Cross Pearl. This extraordinary pearl was found in r 884 by Captain Davies of the schooner "Ethel." It consists apparently of nine pearls, but on e xamination these are found to be a ttached .to each other, formin g a n almost true cross. ( 42 ) Streeter & Co., Cossack and London. 185d. A collection of Pearls, including the largest drop pearl ever found, weighing 160 grains, and a match· less pair of "bouton" pearls, 123 grains. Waldeck, Smith, & Co. (Agents, Macdonald, Scales, & Co., Fremantle). · 185e. A collection of Pearls. Monger, J. H., Perth (Agent, F. H. Cheesewright). 185f. A collection of Pearls. Hielbronun, A., & Co. 185g. Specimens of Mother-of-Pearl Shells from the Northern Fisheries. Also process of cutting, polish­ ing, and mounting Mother-of-Pearl Shells for useful and ornamental purposes.

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. Used in Manufactures, &c., and Household Purposes. Gibney, The Very Rev. M., Vicar-General. 186. Six bottles Olive Oil, extracted from Olives by the boys at the Catholic Boys' Orphanage, Subiaco.

COLONIAL PRODUCTS, Not Used for Food. Wool. Monger, J. H., York. 187. Six Fleeces of Wool, greasy combing Merino. Pad· docked. Taylor, Norris, Walwalling, Bunbury. 189. Fleeces of Wool, crossbred Merino, from 4 years-old, sheep ; growth of fleece 35 8 days. Shepherded. Fleay, James, Beverley. 190. Six Fleeces of Wool, greasy combing. Merino sheep, r 5 ~ months' old; growth of fleece 36o days. Pad­ docked. Marwick, W., York. . 191. Six Fleeces of Wool, crossbred greasy; coarse growth f)f fleece one year. :Paddocked. ( 43 )

Sewell, I. & H., Hotham River. 192. Six Fleeces of ·wool, crossbred Merino. 193. Six Fleeces of Wool, crossbred Merino, washed; age of sheep, I 5 months ; growth of fleece 365 days. Shepherded. Lloyd, C., Nardie, Toodyay. 194. Six Fleeces of Wool, greasy crossbred Merino; age of sheep 2 years, 3 years, and I year ; growth of fleece 365 days. Clarkson, B. D., Mount Anderson, Toodyay. 194a. Six Fleeces of Wool, crossbred Merino; age of sheep 15 months ; growth of fleece 360 days. Paddocked. Dempster, A., Esperance Bay. 195. Six Fleeces of Wool. Dempster, C. E., Toodyay. 196. Six Fleeces of Wool. Lefroy, G. & W., Gascoyne. 197. Six Fleeces of Wool, crossbred; age of sheep 2 years; growth of fleece 350 clays. Shepherded. Garrity, P., & Sons, Green Hill, Ettacup. 198. Four Fleeces of Vi!oo l, crossbred Merino. Hassell, A. & A., Kendenup. 199. Three Fleeces of Wool, crossbred greasy; age of sheep 4 years ; growth of fleece 365 days. 200. Three Fleeces of Wool, washed. 200a. Four Fleeces of Wool, Lambs, \iVashed; growth of fleece 90 days. Clinch, J., Berkshire Valley. 201. T en Fleeces of Wool, Tegs. 202. Fifteen Fleeces of Angora Wool. 203. Fifteen Angora Goat Skins. Loton, W. T., Perth. 203a. Sundry Fleeces of Wool. Exhibited for "weight," averaging nearly 10 lbs. each. Lacey Bros., Murchison. 203b. Samples of Wool. ( 44 )

SALT. Dunne Bros. 204. One bag of Salt from Phillips River.

CHEMICALS, &c. Aerated vVaters. Sherwood, H., Perth. 205. One dozen Lemonade. 205a. One dozen Soda Water. Herbert, J. A., Fremantle. 206. One dozen Ginger Ale. 206a. One dozen Soda Water. 206b. One dozen L emonade. Jose, W., Geraldton. 207. Samples of A erated Waters. Harwood & Smith, Lion Brewery, Perth. 208. Samples of Aerated Waters.

Wax. Bunbury Local Committee. 209. One package of Bees Wax. Thomson, Mrs. A. F., Perth. 210. Samples of Bees Wax. York Local Committee. 211. Samples of Bees Wax.

Vz"uegar. Clinch, J., Berkshire Valley. 212. Half-dozen bottles of White Wine Vi!1egar. 213. Half-dozen bottles of Mulberry Vinegar,

WHEELWRIGHTS' WORK. Many of the hard woods of the Colony arc admirably fitted fo r wheelwrights' work, being remarkable for their durability, the Tuart timber being specially suitable for the construction of railway waggons. ( 45 ) Local Committee, York. 214. A selection of ·woods suitable for wheelwrights' work. 2.15. A pair of Shafts made of York gum. 2.16. Specimen of Naves, Spokes, Fell oes, made from Tuart tim her (Eucalyptus gompltoceplta!a). Vasse Local Committee. 217. Specimen of Tuart Spokes.

CIVIL ENGINEERING, PUBLIC WORKS, &c. Public Works Department. 2.18. Model of the railway bridge over Swan River at Fremantl e, constructed of J arrah timber.

MINING AND METALLURGY.

Western Australian Commission. 219. Cabinets containing a geological collection. Vz'de A PPENDIX. 220. A series of Minerals from the Wheel Fortune Mine, Champion Bay, showing character of lead and copper ore, with the rocks on which they abound, arranged by the Rev. C. G. Nicolay. 221. Specime ns of Building Stone in Cubes, collected by Rev. C. G. Nicolay. Western Australian Commission. 22la. Geological Specimens collected by H. F. Johnston, Government Surveyor, whilst surveying K imberl ey District. Western Australian Commission. 222. Specimens of Gold from the newly-discovered Gold Field s in the Kimberley District. First speci mens brought to Derby by Hall and Slattery, who were the earliest prospectors for gold in the Kimberley District. 222a. Specimens of Gold obtained by the same party and others on their second venture. With these speci­ mens is a nugget weighing 19 oz. 3 dwts., and a few others, the total weight with specimen 223, received in June, being over eighty-one ounces. In an old map of the Continent of Australia, the northern portion of Western Australia is found marked "Terra Aurifera," but until quite recently no attempt was made in any way to ascertain the mineral recourses of this remote district. In 1878 an expedition fitted out by the Government, and under the command of Mr. Alexander Fon·est, traversed the district. His report being of a very favourable nature, a vast amount of pastoral country has been taken up by settlers, not only in the Colony, but by station owners and speculators in the other Colonies and in England ; and Mr. Hill, who was with the party as geologist, reported having found promising indications of gold. In 1883 and 1884 Mr. E. H. Hardman, the Government geologist, accompanied a survey party, and was at once struck with the auriferous character of the country; his report attracted the attention of several gold prospectors, who shortly afterwards proceeded to the district, but were from lack of pro­ visions compelled to return; they, however, with some assistance from the Government again returned, and it is from the reports of their success that a " rush" to these new fields has set in from the Eastern Colonies, which bids fair to lead to successful results. Harwood, J. J ., Fremantle. 224. Gold Quartz from the Three ·wonders Mine. York Local Committee. 225. Three Blocks of Ironstone Ore from Coates Hill, York Road. This Ore is found in almost in ex­ haustible quantities near Coates, to the North of Gooding Swamp, on the Northam Road, at about thirty-six miles from Perth. Specimens of ore from this locality were smelted some years ago at the Convict Establishment, under the direction of Lieut. Wray, of the P oyal Engineers, and were found to yield a larger percentage of iron than the majority of other known iron ores. V asse Local Committee. 226. Specimen of Ironstone Ore from Vasse District. Western Australian Commission. 227. Three specimens of Rich Copper Ore, 3~ cwt., from ( 47 )

Messrs. Crowther & Mitchell's Mine, Champion Bay. The three specimens of copper ore (which are remarkably rich) are from a lode discovered in September, r885, by Mitchell Brothers, who are lessees of the property from the Crown. The deposit seems of immense dimensions; but no mining operations have yet been commenced. The property is situated about forty miles north from the railway terminus of the mining village of North­ ampton, and is within four miles of the once celebrated Geraldine Mine. 228. Six specimens of Gali na from St. Geraldine Mine. 229. Specimen of R ich Galina from Badra Mine, 7! cwt. Gale, J. H., Geraldton. 230. Specimens of Copper Ore. Hardman, E. T. 231. Cabinets containing Geological Specimens, collected by Mr. Hardman whilst engaged in a geological survey of the Kimberley District. Vide AP­ PENDIX C. Western Australian Commission. 23la. Lead smelted from Northampton Lead Ores, by Neville, Drucc & Co., Llanelly, Wales.

GRANITE AND OTHER STONE. Western :Australian Commission. 232. Granite Pedestal, cut in the neighbourhood of York Green Mount. 233. Freestone Pedestal.

SAND. Mason, C. T., Perth. 234. Specimen of Sand taken from a cutting on the Eastern Rail way, suitable fo r glass-making.

CLAYS AND SOILS, &c. Vasse Local Committee. 235. One sample of clay called by the aborigines Wilgey, from which they prepare the paint with which they smear their bodies for festivals or corroborrees. ( 48 )

235a. A Pigment made from above. 235b. A specimen of Pipe Clay, from the neighbourhood of Vassc. Large quantities of pipe clay arc found distributed all over the colony.

Whitfield, Geo., Toodyay. 236. Three specimens of Pipe Clay : (a) Bag of Pipe Clay. white, from a gully near Guildford Road ; (b) Bag of Yell ow Pipe Clay, 2 miles S.E. Newcastle; (c) Bag of Red Clay, 3 miles from Avon River, found m an isolated mass of ironstone.

Vasse Local Committee. 237. A collection of Clays taken from the neighbourhood of Vasse. 237a. Portion of a Tile made from clay, taken from a verandah laid 30 years ago. Dunne Bros. 238. Samples of Clay from Phillips River.

Vasse Local Committee. 239. A specimen or samples of Earths from the neighbour­ hood of the Vasse district. The soil in many parts of this district is remarkable for producing heavy crops of potatoes, and under favourable circum­ stances extraordinary yields have been known. Dunne Bros. 240. Specimens of Earth from the neighbourhood of Cocanarup. 240a. Specimens of Earth from the neighbourhood of Porongorup Range. 240b. Specimens of Mica Clay from the neighbourhood of Porongorup Range. 240c. Loam from Taremalumerup.

Albany Local Committee. 241. Specimen from R. C. Glebe, Albany.

Tunny & Co., Albany. 242. Specimen of Clay for brick-making purposes. ( 49 )

CEREALS. Farinaceous Prodttcts. Vasse Local Committee. 243. One Bushel of 'Wheat grown in Vasse District. Smith, C. C., Moorumbine, Beverley. 244. O ne Bushel of Wheat, grown in Beverley District. Monger, J. H., York. 245. One Bushel of Wheat, grown in York District.

De~pster, C. E., N ewcastle. 2 4 6. One Bushel of,W heat, grown in T oodyay D istrict. Edwards, W., York 247. One Bushel Brown Oats, grown in the district of York. 248. O ne Bushel of Cape Barley, grown in the district of York. Monger, J. H., York. 249. One Bushel Cape Barley, grown m the distri ct of York. · Sewell, J., York. 250. One Bushel Rye, grown in the district of York Garrity, P., & Son, Ettacup. 251. O ne Bushel Barl ey, grown in southern district. Monger, C. S., Toodyay. 252. One Bushel Cape Barley, grown in the T oodyay district. 252a. One Bushel Brown Oats, grown in the Toodyay district. Sewell, J., York. 253. Sample of Large Rye. Western Australian Commission. 254. One Bushel W hite Oats, grown in Greenough District, Champion Bay. 255. One Bushel Oats, grown- in Greenough District, Champion Bay. E ( so ) Wellman, J., Guildford. 256. One Bushel White Oats, grown in Guildford District. 256a. One Bushel Brown Oats, grown in Guildford District.

Peas. Sewell, J., York. 257. Sample of Dwarf Pea, grown in York Fauntleroy, C. C., Redcliffe, Guildford. 258. One Bushel Peas, grown near Guildford. Padbury, W. , Yatheroo. 259. Sample of Maize. 259a. Sample of Sorghum Sac (Planters' Friend). Western Australian Commission. 260. 100 lbs. Flour made from Wheat grown in Champion Bay District by Mr. W. J. Maley. 261. 100 lbs. Flour made fro m Wheat grown in Champion Bay District by Mr. J. Clinch. Marris, C., Toodyay. 262. 100 lbs. of Flour. Green, J. J., Perth. 263. 100 lbs. of Flour (Perth Mills). Dempster, C. E., Newcastle. 264. 100 lbs. Flour. Turton, John, Phamix Mill Co., Fremantle. 265. 10 0 lbs. Flour made from wheat, a sample of which is shown, together with Sharps, Bran, Pollard, &c.

MEAT AND FISH. Liddelow, John, Perth. 266. One Cask of Salt Meat. Salted from a Prize Bullock exhibited by Mr. Waiter Padbury, Yatheroo, at the Western Australian Agricultural Society's Show. A photograph of this animal is exhibited, Catalogue No. 38d Padbury, W., Perth. 267. One Side of Bacon. ( sr )

P 1'eserved and T i?Z?Zed Fisk Tuckey, Messrs. J. & J., Mandurah. 268. An assortment of Tinned Fish. This industry is established 'b n the MmTay Estuary, within half a mile of the sea ; the waters of the estuary and river are visited by enormous quantities of fi sh of different varieties, more especially by a description of mullet, a fi sh considered by many superior to salmon for tinning purposes.

FRUIT AND VEGETABLES.

Muir, A., & Son. 268a. A large Pear, weighing 3 lbs. 302.

D 1'ied Fmz'ts. Herbert, J. A., Fremantle. 269. Box of Raisins. Rundle, W., Woodhall, Toodyay. 270. Box of Raisins. O'Neil, Thomas, Glenmore, Toodyay. 271. Box of Raisin s. Britt, - , Toodyay. 272. Box of Raisins. Fawcett, Mrs., The Park, Pinjarrah. 273. Box of Raisin s. Bull Bros., Messrs., Toodyay. 274. Box of Raisins. Harris, Mrs. Ann, Pinjarrah. 275. Box of Raisins. Johnson, W. G., Guildford. 276. Box of Raisins. Western Australian Commission. 277. Box of Raisin s, grown in the vineyard of Mr. W. G. Johnson, 1885. E 2 ( 52

277a. Box of Raisins, grown m Mr. Herbert's vineyard, near Rockingham. Clinch, J., Berkshire Valley. 278. Box of Raisins. Cooper, Mrs. J., Pinjarrah. 279. Box of Dried Apricots. 280. Box of Dried Figs. Leake, N. B., Mooranoppin. 281. Package of Zante Currants. Cook, John, Dundaragan. 282. One box Dried Peaches.

Herbert, J. A., Fremantle. 283. One dozen Grape Jam (Muscatel). 283a. One dozen Grape Jam (Muscatel). 283b. One dozen Apple Jam. 283c. One dozen Quince Jam. 283d. One dozen Peach Jam . 283e. One dozen Ad am Fig Jam. 283f. One dozen Turkey Fig Jam. Fauntleroy, C. C., Redcliffe, Guildford. 284. An assortment of Jams. 284a. One dozen Cape Gooseberry. 284b. One dozen Melon and Lemon. 285. One dozen Melon and Gooseberry. Moore, Miss, The Mount, Perth. 286. One dozen assorted Jams. York Local Committee. 287. Two bottles Fruit. Tuckey, Messrs. J. & J., Mandurah. 288. An assortment of Fruits in Syrup.

Confectz'onery. Perth Confectionery Company. 289. An assortment of Confectionery. ( 53 ) Fauntleroy, C. C., Redcliffe, Guildford. 290. Box of Candied Peel. Fawcett, Mrs., Pinjarrah Park. 291. A box of Candied Peel. Hardy, R. D., The. Peninsula, Perth. 292. A box of Candied Peel. Gegg, Very Rev. Dean, Perth. 292a. Twelve bottles of Preserved Olives.

FERMENTED DRINKS.

Easton, W., Windsor Vineyard, Swan River, near Fremantle. (About 14 acres. Alluvial sand in deep limestone basin.) 293. One dozen Red Wine, vintage r88r, made from Red Madeira; planted in 1864. 294. One dozen Hock, vintage r88o, made from grapes locally known as "White Hambro;" planted in r864. 295. One dozen Burgundy, vintage 1882, made from grapes locally known as "Miller's Burgundy;" planted in r864. Vines principally tied to framework. Jecks, Thos., Guildford. 296. One dozen Houghton White Wine, 1883, made from "Verdhillo" grapes by C. W. Ferguson, Houghton Vineyard (14 acres, red sandy loam; standard vines). 297. One dozen Caversham Red ·wine, 1882, made from "Muscatel" and "Shaw's Gree;1" by Mrs. De Burgh, Caversham Vineyard (stiff clay; standard vines). 298. One dozen Fontainbleau, 1884, made from" Fontain­ bleau" grapes by C. W. Ferguson, Houghton Vine­ yard (14 acres, red sandy loam; standard vines). Waylen, A. R., M.D., Garden Hill, Guildford. (About 9 acres, heavy loam ; north-east aspect. Vines trained to low espaliers.) ( 54 )

299. One dozen "Reisling '' (dry, light), vintage r883, made from Sweetwater and Reisling. 300. One dozen Garden H ill White W ine, vintage r884, made from S weetwater, Reisling, and Pedro Ximenes. 301. One dozen F ontainbleau (full bodied red wine), r88 r, made from a species of Burgundy, planted in 1859· 301a. One dozen Burgundy (full bodied red wine, dry), 1879, made from M iller's B urgundy, planted in r86r. Herbert, J . A., Rockingham Vineyard, Fremantle. (zt- acres, sandy soil, northerly aspect ; t rellis v ines.) 302. One dozen White 'Wine, made from mixed grapes, vintage 1883. Fauntleroy, C. C., Redcliffe Vineyard, Guildford. (zt- acres, fin e sand on y ell ow clay.) 303. One dozen " Sweetwater " (full bodied, d ry), made from S weetwater, planted in 1835 (bush vines). Clinch, J., Berkshire Valley. 305. One dozen Wine, vintage r884. 306. One dozen Wine, vintage 1878.

CORDIALS. J ose, W., Geraldton. 307. An assortment of Cordials.

BEERS. F erguson & Mumme, Messrs., Perth. 308. T wo dozen Porter manufactured from Colonial malt and T asmanian hops. 308a. Two dozen A le, m anufactured from Colonial malt and T asmanian h ops. Harwood & Smith, Lion Brewery, Perth. 309. A le, manufactured from Colonial malt and Tasmanian hops. DRIED FLOWERS. Pressed Dned Flowers. Bunbury, Miss, Pict on, Bunbury. 310. Books of Dried and Pressed Flowers. 55 Dunne, Miss, Albany. 311. Dried and Pressed Flowers, Grasses, &c. Sewell, Miss L., York. 312. One Book of Dried and Pressed Flowers. Sewell, M iss, n ear Guildford. 313. A coll ection of S eeds, &c., and Dried and Pressed Flowers. Cooper, Miss L. 314. T wo Cards Pressed Flowers. Sweeting, Miss T. E ., Guildford. 315. Two Books Pressed Flowers.

HONEY. T he species of b ee from which this honey is derived was im­ ported into the Colony within the last t wenty years. T o such an extent have they multiplied that they are now t o be found over a very great extent of forest land and scrub. It is reported that swarms have been seen I 50 miles to the eastward of Perth. Owing to the plentifulness of fl owe ring trees and shrubs, all rich in honey, the bees are never at any time of the year in want of food, and at the extraordinary rate they are in creasing there is every probability that ere very long a lu crative p ursuit may arise in the coll ection of wild honey and wax. The climate being so favourable, hives arc robbed t wice a year, viz., in September and February.

Bunbury Local Committee. 316. Honey.

Monger, C. S., Toodyay. 317. BOne dozen ottles of Honey. Thomson, Mrs., Lucknow. 318. One dozen Bottles of Honey. York Local Committee. 319. Two hottlcs of Wil d Honey (from the wild bees). 319a. One bottle of Hive Honey. ( 56 )

FANCY WORK, &c. Cooper, Miss L., Albany. 320. One Vase, made from grass tree. 321. A pair of Brackets made fr om Jrass tree. 322. One Cone Bracket. Sewell, Miss J., Guildford. 323. A String of Shells, collected and strung by a native of Beagle Bay. 324. Ornaments in Moss vVork and Flowers, &c. 325. Various Brackets, Rings, &c. (straw work). Onslow, Mrs., Perth. 326. A Necklace of Shells, collected by Miss Prinsep.

SUNDRIES. Edwards, K., York. 327. A bottle containing Reptiles. Mayne, Captain, Roeburne. 328. One bag of Guano from one of the Barrow Island Group. Bateman, Messrs. J. & W., Fremantle. 329. One bag of Guano from the Ib ·ohlas. Reynolds, G. 330. A bag of Guano (Vasse Estuary). Holyoak, George, Moorumbine. 331. Specimen~of Horse Shoes. Clinch, J., Berkshire Valley. 332. Bell Yokes. Davies, M. C. Augusta. 333. A Stalactite. Vasse Local Committee. 334. A Stalactite. ( 57 )

APPENDIX A.

LIST OF BIRDS IN CENTRAL SHOW CASE.

2 Ast?tr apf1'ozimans. I 1-lieracidea berigora. I Podm'glts cuvieri. 2 Peb'oc!telidon 1zigricmzs. I JY! erops ornatus. I 1-lalcyon sanctus. I Artamus sordid?ts. 2 Pardalotus xant!top;,gius. I S trepera plumbea. I Gy11mor!tina tibicen. I Gyumor!tiua leuconota. I Cractiws destructor. I Grallina picata. I Graucabts melanops. I L alage tricolor. 2 Pacltycep!tala falcata. I Pacltycepltala mfog~tlaris. 2 Pacltycep!tala occidentalis. I Colluriocincla mfiventris. I Fa!c?tnculus leucogaster. I Oreica cristata. 2 S eisura inquieta. I Micrceca assimilis. 5 Pctrceca leggii. I Eopsaltria geo1giana. 5 Ealums splelldens. I S eric0?'1tis sp. 2 Acantlu"za apicalis. 2 Acant!ziza cltrysorr!toa. I Esb'elda oatlea. 4 .JJI[el£omis longirostris. I Stipiturus malac!turus. I Pomator!tt"mts supercilioSits. ( 58 )

1 Pt£lotis onzatw. I A ca?tt!zoclu:et'a canmc?tlata. 3 A 1zellobia l?t?mlata. I A ca?Zt!torlzJmclms s?tperciliosus. I Mel£t!trepters clzlo7'opsis. 2 Myzant!ta obscura. I Sitell a pileat a. I A tn.chia clamosa. 4 Cuculus pallidus. I Chrysococcy:~.: lztcidus. I Cacomantis jlabellifomz£s. 5 Licmeti's pastinator. 2 Cal,yptorhy?tclms 7taso. 2 Calyptm'hy?tclms baudi1tii. I Cacatzta roseicapzila. 2 P latycenzts semitorquatzts. 4 Platycenus icterotis. 3 P latycerms pileatus. 3 Glossopsitta pmphyrocepltala. I P /zaps elegmzs. I H emipodi?ts van.?ts. I ./Egialitis mficapillus. I Clzaradriw fulvus. I T7'i?tga albescms. I Tringa australis. I R allu s lezoi?tii. 1 A rdea novce-/zolla?tdice. I A nas supe?'cilios?ts. I L arzts pacificus.

------·- APPENDIX B.

MAMMALS FROM WESTERN AUSTRALIA. 4 J11acropw gigmztms, Zimm. 3 J11acropus irma, Jo urd. 4 Macropus dama, Gould. 2 J11ac?'opus bracltyunts, Quoy and Gaim. 4 Lagorchestes f asciatus, Per. ( 59 ) 4 Betto11g£a pemcillata, Gray. 4 P!talangista vulpemla, Ken. 2 Pseudoch£nts cook£, Desm. 6 Dasyunts geoffroy£, Gould. 2 (in spirits) T m'szpes 7'0stratus, Gerv. I Antec!t£mts ap£calis, Gray. 2 Perameles obesula, Shaw. 3 Perameles myosma, vVagn. 2 JY.lyrmecob£us j asciatus, Waterh.

APPENDIX C. Hardman, E. J., Late Government Geologist, Western Aus­ t ralia.-Rock and Mineralogical Specimens to illustrate the Geology of the Kimberley District in Western Australia (The new Gold Fields). CASE Hr. IGNEOUS, GRAKITES, ETC. Fourteen specimens of Granites, Syenites, &c., as under :­ Between Syenite Camp and Ramsay Range. Granite. South of Mount Huxley. Granite. Ditto. Margaret R iver (J 56). Red Granite. Ditto. Margaret River (J 56). Epidote vein in red granite (two specimens). Margaret River (J 56). Grey Syenitic Granite Syenite Camp, Mary River. Fine Grained Syenite. Syenite Camp, Mary River. Syenitic Granite, Porphyritic. Margaret R iver (J I I). Syenitic Granite. Ditto. Margaret River (J II). Epidotic Granite. South of Mount Barrett. Coarse Granite.

IGNEOUS, PLUTONIC. Elvire River. Coarse Diorite. Granite Hills, Margaret River. Diorite. ( 6o )

Lennard River. Coarse Hornblendic Rock. Lennard River. Porphyritic Diorite.

IGNEOUS VOLCANIC FELSITES, ETC. East of Syenite Camp. Schistose Felspathic Ash. East of Mount Huxley. Felspathic Ash.

VOLCANIC BASALTS, ETC. Chiefly of Palceozoic Age. Junction of Pan ton and El vi re Rivers. Basalt (three speci- mens). Great Antrim Plateau. Volcanic Ash with Calceclony. Mount Deception. Basaltic Lava and Tuff. Mount Deception Basalt. Orcl River below Mount Deception. Basalt. Orcl River below Mount Deception. Trachy Dolerite. Mount Napier. Cellular Lava. Antrim Plateau. Cellular Lava. Near Ramsay Range. Basalt. Loadstone Hill. Dolerite with Asbestos and Magnetite. Great Antrim Plateau (J 38). Cellular Basalt, with Agate coated with green silicate of iron. Mount N a pier. Volcanic Ash. Mount Napier. Volcanic Ash ·with fragment of Palceozoic grit. Margaret River (J I I). Coarse Dolerite. Ditto. Margaret River (J I I). Pis tacite from Dolerite. Margaret River, Gorge below (J I I). Dial! age Rock. Margaret River (J 56). Basaltic vein in Syenite. Margaret River near Mount Krauss. Hypersthenite. Lennard River. Coarse Dolerite. U sborne Ranges, South of Stewart River. Coarse Dolerite.

METAMORPHIC ROCK. Granites and Granitoicl Gneiss. Various localities. Schistose Rocks. Gneiss, Mica Schist, Falcose and Chloritic Schists, Garnet Schists, &c. Various localities. Quartzites and Altered Grits. ( 6r )

On S tandanl. Specimens of Quartz from Reefs in the Auriferous District of Kimberley. Specimens of "Black Sand " (Titaniferous and Magnetic Ironsand), associated with gold, washed out from the alluvium. Same locality.

CASE H 2.

P ALtEOZOIC R OCKS. Grits, Sandstones, and Limestones from various localities, mostly of Lower Pala:! ozoic Age, but as yet undetermined. Fossils. Two new species :-Salteralli Hm,dmani (Etheridge), Conocephalites Forresti (Etheridge).

PALAWZO IC. CARBONIFEROUS. Grits, Sandstones, and Limestones from many localities, showing numerous characteristic Carboniferous Fossils.

C AINOZO IC OR T ERTIARY. Jasper and Calcedony near Mount Elder, Ord River. Con­ taining a new fossil species-Planorbis Hardma?ti (McCoy).

PLEISTOCENE.

On Standard. Diprotodon Aztstralis. Gigantic extinct Kangaroo. Head of Femur; collected by Mr. Hardman in the Lennard River, 1883. Collection made by Mr. H. F. Johnston in the Lower Ord district, Kimberley, r885. Palceozoic, Lower. Calcareous Grits with fragments of Trilo­ bites. Carboniferous. Limestone with Syringopora ramulosa. Carbo?t iferous. Arenaceous Limestone with many fragments of Emcrinites, Brachiopods, &c. Rky1tco1telta p!eztrodo?t, distinct. ( 62 )

APPENDIX D. Collection of Rock and Mineral Specimens, fonvarclecl by the Rev. C. G. Nicolay, to illustrate the General Geology of Western Australia. Arranged and named by Eclwarcl J. Hard­ man, A.R.C.S.I., F.R.G.S.I., H.M. Geological Survey of Ireland. Late Government Geologist, vVestern Australia.

CASE A. CRYSTALLINE ROCKS. 1. Mount Melville and Clarence, Albany. Porphyritic Granite. 2. Mount Melville and Clarence, Albany. Fine-grained Granite. 3. Mount Melville and Clarence, Albany. Porphyritic Granite, same as No. I. 4. Mount Melville and Clarence, Albany. Quartz. 5. Porongorup Ranges. Porphyritic Granite. 6. Do. 7. Porongorup Ranges. Granite. 8. Do. 9. Porongorup Ranges. Granitoid rock. Bronze mica, deep reel felspar, little, if any, quartz. 10. Phillips River. Pegmatite ; very porphyritic. ll. Phillips River. Gneiss, fine grained. 12. Dangin, beyond York. Coarse Gneissose Granite (meta­ morphic). 13. Mount Baker, west of York.· Porphyritic Granite, with epiclote or olivine. 14, Railway cutting, Greenmount. Granite. 15. Railway cutting, Grcenmount. Granite, with surite. 16. Railway cutting, Greenmount. Granite Gneissose. 17. Newcastle. Granite. 18. Newcastle. Granite, very porphyritic, with black mica and pyrites. 19. Champion Bay. Massive Reel Orthoclose felspar and quartz, from Granite. 20. Oal~agee, near above. (uniform Granite. 21 Upper Irwin River. Garnetiferous_Granite. CASE A.

CRYSTALLINE ROCKS. 22. ·weld Range. Porphyritic Granite, with garnets. 23. Margaret River, Kimberley. Black Granite, metamorphic. 24. Margaret River, Bald Hill, Kimberley. Porphyritic Granite, with olivine. 25. Near Mount Huxley, Kimberley. Granite (var. Peg- matite). 26. Ditto. 27. Bald Hill, Kimberley. Same as No. 24. 28. Lennard River, Kimberley. Coarse Granite, with Biotite. 29. Ditto. 30. Great Intercourse Island. Red Granite, with epidote. 31. Lewis Island. Porphyritic Granite, red and green felspar. 32. Lewis Island. Syen itic Granite. 33. Lewis Island. Epidotic Granite. 34. Enderly Island. Porphyritic Granite, with red ortho· close. 35. Enderly Island. Porphyritic Granite. 36. Enderly Island. Fine ground Granite.

ERUPTURE AND M ETAMORPHIC. Soutlt. 37. Blackwoocl River. Granitoid Gneiss. 38. Porangorup Range. Syenitic Granite. 39. Stirling Range. Schistose Gneiss. 40. Mount Ban·an, West. Altered Grits. 41. Point Anne. Quartzite, or perhaps vein stuff. 42. Fitzgerald River, below Echo Glen. Micaceous Schist. 43. Fitzgerald River, below Echo Glen. Micaceous Schist, with hornblende. 44. Butes Pool, Sufetta River. Diorite. 45. Fraser's Range. Granitoid Gneiss. 46. Kojonup. Diorite, with pyrite. 47. Railway cutting (Diversion). Granitoicl Rock, probably metamorphic. 48. Railway cutting (Diversion). Apparently diorite. 49. Railway cutting (Diversion). Vein Stuff. Elioan dyke. 50. Grass Valley, near York. Diorite Porphyry. 51. Gingin. Schist, with hornblendic Gneiss. 52. Gingin. Anamesite. 53. Greenough River (Lower Course). Anamesite. 54. Gascoyne. Schistose Sandstone.

Nortlt. 55. Hampton Harbour, S. side. Diorite. 56. Hampton Harbour. Syenitic Granite. 57. Hampton Harbour. Diorite. 58. Dampier Archipelago. Syenitic Granite, apparently same as No. 56. 59. Roebuck Bay. White micaceous sandstone, probably carboniferous. 60. Stcwart River. Dolerite. 61. Mount Dockrell. Schistosc Grit. 62. Elvire River. Basalt. 63. Elvire River. Talcose Schist. 64. Mount Napicr. Lava of Pai<:eozoic Age. 65. Near Crater Camp, Elvire River. Sandstone, Lower Palreozoic. 66. Junction of Pan ton and El vi re Rivers. Basalt. 67. Elvire River. Hornblendic Schist. 68. Margaret River. Syenitic Granite. 69. Cambridge Gulf. Red Grit. 70. Cambridge Gulf. Quartzose, Indurated Grit. 71. Cambridge Gulf. Hard Red Laminated Grit. 72. Ditto.

CASE B. GRITS A ' D LniESTO ' CS. So'ttth. 73. Esperance Bay. Yellow Sandstone. 74. Fitzgerald River. Reddish Grit. 75. Fitzgerald River. Banded Sandstone. 76. Fitzgerald River. Grey Sandstone. 77. Brunon Bay. Limestone Breccia. ( 6s ) 78. Cape Riche. Banded Grit. 79. Ditto. 80. Hampton Plains. Ferruginous Sandstone. 81. Nancarong. Ferruginous Sandstone. 82. Esperance Bay. Coast Sandstone, Recent. 83. Ditto. 84. Fitzgerald River. Yellow Grit. 85. Cape Riche. Yellow Grit. 86. Albany. Calcareous Sandstone. 87. Gingin. Soft Marly Arenaceous Limestone. 89. Fremantle. Coast Sandstone, Calcareous, Recent. 90. Ditto. (Characteristic Examples of Coast Range throughout Colony -Ventose.)

N o1't/z. 91. Leopold Ranges, near Mount Philip. Indurated Grits, Metamorphic. 92. Mount Bertram. Indurated Grits (Devonian). 93. Hardman Range. Yellow Sandstone (Carboniferous). 94. Margaret River. Sandstone, Carboniferous. 95. Ditto. 96. Near Mount Campbell. Sandstone, Carboniferous. 97. Oscar Range, Fitzroy River. Red Limestone, Carbon­ iferous. 98. Cambridge Gulf. Red Grit. 99. Cambridge Gulf. White Grit. 100. Oscar Range. Limestone, Carboniferous. 101. Margaret River. Micaceous Sandstone, Carboniferous. 102. Devil's Pass, Lennard River. Limestone, Carboniferous. 103. Ditto. 104. Mount Pierre. Limestone, Carboniferous. 105. Gascoyne River. Clay Ironstone. 106. Irwin River. Clay Ironstone, Nodule. 107. Irwin River. Calcareous Gritty Breccia, with fragments of Hematite. 108. Moresby Range, Champion Bay. Calcareous Sandstone, very fossiliferous (? Fossassic or Cretaceous). ( 66 )

CASE B 2. MISCELLANEOUS. 109. Gm·diner River. Gneissose Schist. 110. Cape Riche. Flint. 111. "Capstone" White Peak. Champion Bay. H ard Grit. 112. Junga, Upper Murchison River. Banded Sandstone. 113. Robinson Range. Foliated Mica Schist. 114. Ashburton River. Jasper. 115. Point Cunningham, King's Sound. Micaceous Schi­ stose Sandstone. 116. Secure Bay. Gneissose Rock. 117. Vansittart Bay. Indurated Grit, apparently Meta- morphic. 118. View Hill, Cambridge Gul f. Indurated Grit. 119. Deel Plains. Schistose Grit, with Magnetic Iron. 120. Near Roeburne. Calcareous Agglomate, Recent. 121. Near Roeburne. J elstone. 122. Grcenough District, from shaft 140 feet below surface. Coarse Sandstone, very quartzose. 123. Greenough District, from shaft eighty feet below sur­ face. Light-coloured Mudstone. 124. Derby Well, twenty feet deep. White Sandstone, Carboniferous. 125. Cardup. Clay Slate, probably PalCanning River. Quartz. 134. Greenmount Railway Cutting. Quartz. 135. Ashburton River. Quartz with Pyrite. 136. Roeburne to Cossack. Quartz. 137. Ditto. 138. Roebume to Cossack. Quartz, White, rich in Gold. 139. Lennard P iver. White Quartz, with Mica. ( 67 ) 140. Lennard River. Red Ferruginous Quartz. 141. Ord River, near Mount Elder. Fossiliferous Agate, Tertiary. 142. Cambridge Gulf. Rock Crystal (variety of Quartz). 143. Great Intercourse Island. Vein Quartz with Red Felspar. 144. Lewis Island. Flinty Quartz.

CASE C.

ORES OF M ETAL. ·. ltt two Divisions. 1. Suite of Ores, &c., from Wheel Fortune Mine, near North­ ampton. Blue, green, and grey Copper Ores Chalcopy­ rite. (Copper Pyrites, yellow and peacock.) 2. Suite of Ores from Wheel Margaret Mine, near North­ ampton. Galena, Zinc Blencle. Iron Pyrites, Hematites and Ochres, &c.

CASE D. ORES OF METALS. L ead Ores. 1-14. Characteristic of Northampton, Champion Bay. Ga- lena chiefly. 15, 16. From Darling Range. Galena chiefly. 17. From Upper Murchison. 18. On Gascoyne River (Upper).

Copper Ores. 19. Northampton. Casurite. 20. Northampton. Native Copper. 21. Azurite. 22. Malachite. 23. Green Carbonate. 24. Green Carbonate. 25. Green Carbonate. 26. Azurite, veined. ( 68 )

27. Blue and Black Copper Ore. 28. Black Copper, with Chalcopyritc. 29. Black Copper, with Chalcopyritc. 30. Peacock Ore. 31. Peacock 01·e, with Black Ore. 32. Chalcopyrite, with Galena. 33. Chalcopyrite, massive. 34, Veined Copper Ore, green. 35. 36. hon Ores. 37. Lake Noring. 38. Bunbury, at surface. 39. Gingin. 40. Uncertain. Eastern Districts. 41. Uncertain. Eastern Districts. 42. N ortham. 43. Oakagee Mine, Champion Bay. 44. Uncertain. Eastern District. 45. Mount E rin, Champion Bay. 46. Chapman River. 47. Bremer Bay. 48. Fraser Range. 49. Fraser Range. 50. Mount Abbott, Kimberley. 51. Duke's Dome, Kimberley.

FOSSILS, ETC. l7Z ce1ttre of Division r. Arthur River, Gascoyne District. Casts of an l c!ttltyodomtite, or Fossil Fish Spine (Edestus Davz.sii, Woodwd.). Carboniferous'.

0Jt Standard. Island in Cambridge Gulf, Kimberley District (T!telassina Emer£i), fossil Crustaceans, enclosed in nodules ; several speci­ mens collected by Staff-Commander J. E. Coghl an, R.N., Admi­ ralty Survey, vVestern Australia. ( 69 )

Woodward, Miss.-vVatcr-colour Draw ing of T!te!assi11a Emeriz; a fossil Crustacean, enclosed in a nodule, from King Georgc's Sound, vVestern Australia. Water-colour Drawing of Thelassina anomata (Herbst.), a bur­ rowing Crustacean, found along the coast of \iVestern Australia and Fiji.

CASE D I.

FOSSILS. 73. Yat·alla Hill, May R ivcr, Kimberley. Carboniferous. 74. Ditto. 75. Ditto. 76. 77. Rough Range, Kimberley. Carboniferous. 78- 80. Liverynga, Fitzroy River, Kimberley. Carboniferous. 81. Rough Range, Kimberley. Carboniferous. 82. Rough Range, opposite Mount Krauss, Kimberley. Car­ boniferous. These fossils have not yet been determined or named. They belong to several formations from the Carboniferous period up to recent dcposits.- E. J. H . 83-87. Gascoyne District. 88- 90. Murchison District. 91, 92. Lacepede Islands. 93. Gingin. 94- 102. Victoria District. 103. Victoria District. Superficial. 104. 105- 108. Victoria District. 109- 129. Coast Limestone. 130. Lacepecle Islands, and Coast Limestone. 131, 132. Bunbury. 133. South-east Coast. 134 . Dick H artog's Island. 135. Bed of Frascr River. 136. Bed of Swan Ri ver. 127, 13 0. 137, 138. Bortnall, Champion Bay. ( 70 )

CASE E.

MISCELLANEOUS. Champion Bay, Fremantle, Kelmscott. Cubes of stone suit­ able for building purposes. I ear Aug-usta, South District. Lignite. Albany. Gneiss, Grits, and Iron Ore (Albany Local Com­ mittee). Fraser River, Mineral from. Natural magnet with strong polarity. (Magnetic Iron ore, several pieces). (Albany Local Committee.)

From various Parts of t!te Colotty. 2-5. Fossil Range, Lyons River, Gascoyne District. Carbon­ iferous Limestone and Grit, with well-marked fossils. 6. Canning Creek, Leg-range Bay. Collected by J. E. Coghlan. 7. Cape Rupert, in wash of Sea. Collected by J. E. Coghlan.

CASE Er. MISCELLANEOUS. From various Parts of the Colo7ty.

~. Stamford Springs. 3. East of York. Meteorite discovered in r883. 3. East of York. Pieces of burnt Iron associated with meteorite. 4. Ging-in, near base of Fossil Hills. 6. Mount Melville, Albany. Surface deposit. 7. Near Mount Eliza, Kimberley. Actinolite. 8. Dampiers Island. Superficial. 9. Point Cunning-ham, King's Sound. Superficial. 10. Lacepecle Islands. Superficial. 11. Tambilyan Range, 200 miles E.N.E. Dongarra. Fibrous Schist. APPEND I X.

From Rep07't of M7'. Hm-dman, Govemmmt Geologist.

" I AM glad to be able to report that I have discovered a large area of country which I believe will prove to be auriferous to a payable degree. This country is traversed by the Margaret, Mary, Elvire, Panton, and Ord Rivers, and comprises an area of at least 2000 square miles so far as observed, but it doubtless continues over a much greater extent of country. The formation is principally Lower Silurian slate and schist of various kinds traversed by an enormous number of quartz reefs. In some localities many of these occur in the space of a few hundred yards, and it vvas quite usual to notice twenty-five or thirty large reefs while riding over a mile of ground, without taking into account the smaller reefs or veins. The quartz constituting these reefs is of a very promising character. It is a dull yellowish and grey quartz, very cellular and vuggy, containing quantities of black and other oxides of iron, together with casts of and often crystals of iron pyrites. From most of the surface quartz the enclosed minerals have been washed away, however, although their traces are still apparent. Minute specks of gold have been noticed in a few cases, and I have very little doubt that many of these reefs, when properly examined and tested, will prove to be auriferous. These quartz reefs have a general bearing of N. to E. to N.E. Many run due N. and S. Some of them can be traced fo~ several miles. It is most probable that these quartziferous rocks are a spur or continuation of the gold-bearing metamorphic: rocks of the Northern Territory of South Australia, now being worked with some success. The river valleys and flats are in many places covered with deposits, sometimes very extensive, of quartz-gravel, and drift ; the quartz being derived from denuda· tion of the reefs referred to above. I have prospected these ( 72 ) gravels ovet· many miles of country, and I have rarely failed to obtain good colours of gold ; in many localities of a very cn­ com·aging character. Very often good colours were obtained in every pan washed, in different trials in the same locality. I have thus found gold to be distributed over about 140 miles along the Elvire, Panton, and Ord Rivers, &c.; as well as on the Mary and Margaret Rivers, where the indications were very good, and the appearance of the country most favourable. In several in­ stances ! ·obtained good colours of gold at considerable distances from the quartz-bearing rocks from which the gold could only have been derived. This to my mind seems to indicate that there must be large quantities of gold in the quartz-bearing rocks, and in the drifts immediately overlying them. The gold­ yielding country is well watered by numerous rivers, creeks, and gullies, which even in the driest part of the year are never wholly without water. And although during the dry season water is scarce, there would be no difficulty in conserving water anywhere in sufficient quantity for all mining purposes. On the whole, the indications I have met with point, as I believe, to the great probability of payable gold being obtained in this part of Kimberley, and arc I consider sufficient to justify the expenditure, either by the Government or private individual , of a reasonable sum of money in fitting out a party to thoroughly test the country, and I should strongly recommend such an undertaking. I would also suggest the advisability of parties going up for this purpose providing themselves with some simple apparatus for crushing and washing some of the reef quartz, as in one very rudely conducted experiment of this kind I obtained a small quantity of gold." I ND EX.

I'ACR PAGE Anderson , · Grant 38 Gibney, Very ReY. Dean 42 reen, J. J. so Bateman, J. & \ \' . s6 BetLell , Mrs. C. 41 Hardm~n, E . T. 47 Britt SI Hardy, R. D. 53 Bull Bros .. SI IIarris, M rs. . 51 Bnnbury, Miss 54 lJarwood, J. J . 46 liarwood & Smith 44. 54 Christie, J . S. 27 Hassell, A . & A . . 33, 43 Cl~rkson, B. D. 31, 43 Hay, D. A. 28 lifton, Geo. 41 IIeilbronun, A., c · Co. 42 Clinch, J .. . 40, 43, 44, 52, 54, s6 Herbert, J. A . 44, sr, 52, 54 Cook, John 52 Ilillas, G eorge 39 Cooper, Miss Lonisa . . I4, ss. 56 Holyoak, G . . 56 Howarcl, E. W. 41 Davies, M. 31, 34, 37, 56 Dempster, C. E. 36, 37, 43, 49, 50 Jecks , Thos. . 53 Dempster, A. . 43 J hnson, W. G. SI D nnnc Bros. 30, 32, 33, 37, 38, 39, 44, J ose, W . 44, 54 [48 Dnnne, Miss 35, 55 Keane & White

Easton, \¥. 53 Lacey Bros. 43 Edwards, \ V. 49, s6 Lefroy, G. & Vi' . 43 Liddelow, J. . 50 Fannlleroy, C . so, 52, 53. 54 Lloyd, C. . 37, 38, 43 l'awcctt, :\lrs. sr, 53 Local Committees:- Fcrguson , . Mnmme 54 Albany . 28, 34, 37, 48 F lcay, Jas. 42 Bunbury 28, 30, 3 r, 32, 37, 38, 44, SS Fon·cst, Mrs. J ohn !4 Ga coyne . 34, 36, 40 Franklyn, Miss 13 Newca tle . 39, 40 Perth . 28, 30, 31- 35, 36, 38, 39 (ja!e, J. 1 I. 47 Roeburne 38 Gale, Mrs. 41 Vasse 30, 33, 35-40, 45, 46, 47, Galie, Jean 29 [48, 49, s6 Garrity, P ., c· Sons 43, 49 York 27, 28, 32, 33, 34, 36, 40, 44, Gcgg, Very Rev. Dean 53 f45. 46, 52, 55 G ( 74 )

PAGE PACE Loton, W. T. 43 Sewell, J .. 39. 49. so Sewell, J . & lT. 43 McKail, J. 34 Sewcll, Miss . 29, 39. ss, s6 McNeil, Neil & Co. 31 Sherwood, II. 44 McRae & Harper 41 Sheratt, T. 34 Marris, C. 50 Smith, . C . . 49 Marwick, \¥. . 42 Streeter & Co. 29, 42 Mason, c~ T. . 47 Survey Department 14 :'11aync, Capt. . 56 Sweeting, Miss 55 Midland of Western Australia Land and Railway Syudicate 14 Taylor, Mrs. Campbell 13 Monger, C. S. z8, 49, 55 Taylor, Non·is 42 Monger, J. H. 42, 49 Thomson, A. F. 2S Moore, IV. D., & Co. 41 Thomson, Mrs. 44 Muir, A. 34 Traylen, \¥. . 18 Tuckey, J . & J. 51, 52 & Non·is, H. J. z6 Tunny Co. 48 Turton, John . so Onslow, Mr . . Victor, H. E. 0' eil, Thos, . 35 Victorian Tannery 27

Padbury, Waiter . l8, so Walcleck, Smith & Co. 42 P:1ssmore, Henry . 27, 29 Waylen, A. R. 53 Perth onfectionery Co. 53 Wellman, J. . so Perth Syndicate . 41 \ •Veslern Australian Commi sion 17, 19, Public ·works Department 45 [23, 25, z6, 27, z8, 30, 31, 33, 3S, 37, Purnell, Miss 13 [39, 40, 41, 4S, 46, 47. 49. so, 51 \\1estern Australian Land o., Reynolds, G. Limited . IS l~ u ucl l e, W. \~T esle rn Australian Manufacturing Co . . Samson, E. L. 16 Whitfield, George Samson, Louis 16 Wright, Hon. J. A.

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