Notas Sobre Algumas Espécies De Apiomerus Hahn Do Brasil (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae: Apiomerini)

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Notas Sobre Algumas Espécies De Apiomerus Hahn Do Brasil (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae: Apiomerini) Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, n1 39 (2006) : 213−218. NOTAS SOBRE ALGUMAS ESPÉCIES DE APIOMERUS HAHN DO BRASIL (HETEROPTERA: REDUVIIDAE: HARPACTORINAE: APIOMERINI) Hélcio R. Gil-Santana1, Soraya O. Zeraik2 & Patrícia Milano3 1 Laboratório de Diptera, Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. − [email protected] 2 CEFET-Campos/UNED-Macaé, Rodovia Amaral Peixoto Km 164; 27973-030, Macaé, RJ, Brasil. 3 Departamento de Entomologia, Fitopatologia e Zoologia Agrícola, Esalq/USP, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil − [email protected] Resumo: Baseado na variabilidade cromática e no estudo dos tipos, Apiomerus chinai Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951, A. obesus Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951, A. carvalhoi Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951, A. mayi Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951 e A. hagmanni Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951 são considerados como sinônimos juniores de A. luctuosus Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951 (syn. n.). Para registrar toda a variabilidade intraespecífica observada no material examinado e nos tipos estudados, uma nova descrição de Apiomerus luctuosus Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951 é fornecida. Palavras-chave: Heteroptera, Reduviidae, Apiomerini, Apiomerus, novas sinonímias, Mato Grosso, Amazônia, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Notas sobre algunas especies de Apiomerus Hahn de Brasil (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae: Apiomerini) Resumen: Sobre la base de la variabilidad de la coloración y el estudio de los tipos, se proponen las siguientes sinonimias: Apiomerus chinai Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951, A. obesus Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951, A. carvalhoi Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951, A. mayi Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951 y A. hagmanni Costa Lima, Seabra & Hat- haway, 1951 son sinónimos posteriores de A. luctuosus Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951 (syn. n.). Para recoger toda la variabilidad intraespecífica observada en el material examinado y en los tipos estudiados se redescribe Apiomerus luctuosus Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951. Palabras clave: Heteroptera, Reduviidae, Apiomerini, Apiomerus, nueva sinonimia, Mato Grosso, Amazonia, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Notes on some species of Apiomerus Hahn from Brazil (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae: Apiomerini) Abstract: Based on colour variation and the study of type material, Apiomerus chinai Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951, A. obesus Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951, A. carvalhoi Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951, A. mayi Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951 and A. hagmanni Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951 are considered as junior synonyms of A. luctuosus Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951 (syn. n.). A new description of Apiomerus luctuosus Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, 1951 is provided in order to register all the variability observed in the material examined and in the types studied. Key words: Heteroptera, Reduviidae, Apiomerini, Apiomerus, new synonymy, Mato Grosso, Amazon, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Introdução Apiomerini é exclusiva do Novo Mundo, representada na Eoceno Superior) levaram Maldonado Capriles et al. (1993) a região Neártica somente por espécies do gênero Apiomerus postularem a provável atividade predatória de abelhas Melipo- Hahn, 1831 (Froeschner, 1988; Maldonado Capriles, 1990). ninae por Apiomeríneos existentes nesse período, o que revela Atualmente, a tribo Apiomerini possui 12 gêneros: que tal associação possa ser muito antiga. Agriocleptes Stål, 1866, Agriocoris Stål, 1866, Amauroclo- A variabilidade intraespecífica na coloração ocorre em pius Stål, 1868, Apiomerus Hahn, 1831, Beharus Amyot & diversas espécies de Apiomerini (Gil-Santana et al., 2003), Serville, 1843, Calliclopius Stål, 1868, Foucartus Bérenger, sendo muito acentuada em algumas espécies de Apiomerus 2006, Heniartes Spinola, 1840, Manicocoris Stål, 1866, Hahn, 1831, como A. hirtipes (Haviland, 1931), A. nitidico- Micrauchenus Amyot & Serville, 1843, Ponerobia Amyot llis Stål, 1872 e A. rubrocinctus Herrich-Schaeffer, 1848 & Serville, 1843 e Sphodrolestes Stål, 1866 (Maldonado (Figs. 1 e 2). Esta última, no dizer de Stål (1872), caracteri- Capriles, 1990; Gil-Santana et al., 2002; Gil-Santana et al., za-se como “species maxime varians”. 2003; Bérenger, 2006). Ademais, descreveu-se um represen- Champion (1899) assentou importante base taxonômica tante fóssil da tribo, Apricrenus fossilis Maldonado Capri- para o estudo dos representantes desse gênero ao afirmar que: les, Santiago-Blay & Poinar, 1993. “Many of the species [of Apiomerus] are so variable in colour Embora todas as espécies de Apiomerini cuidadosamente that they can only be separated by the form of the terminal observadas tenham se revelado polífagas (Gil-Santana, 2002), genital segment of the males, or by the structure of the first muitos autores têm relatado ação predatória substancial sobre genital (terminal dorsal) segment of the females.” abelhas (Hymenoptera: Apidae), como Apis mellifera Lin- Costa Lima et al.(1951) dividiram as espécies de naeus, 1758 (Costa Lima, 1940; Marques et al., 2003), mas Apiomerus conforme o aspecto do sétimo tergito das fêmeas principalmente sobre abelhas sem ferrão (subfamília Meliponi- em seis grupos e os machos, pelo aspecto posterior do pigó- nae) (Adis, 1984; Johnson, 1986; Coletto-da-Silva & Gil- foro, em três. Santana, 2004) (Figs. 1 e 2). Evidências fósseis de espécimes As dimensões dos espécimes constituem outro caráter conservadas em âmbar Dominicano (Oligoceno inferior ao que apresenta considerável variabilidade em algumas espécies 213 desta tribo. Costa Lima et al. (1948) relataram ter examinado 67’ Lobo posterior do pronoto castanho; fêmea com cêrca machos de Manicocoris rufipes (Fabricius, 1787) variando de 17 mm. até o ápice do abdome e 18,5 a 19 mm., até o entre 26,5 a 34 mm de comprimento medido até o ápice dos ápice da membrana ..................................................69 hemiélitros, enquanto Costa Lima et al. (1951) reconheceram 68(67) Cório de côr pícea, muito escura, quase negra, que Apiomerus pilipes (Fabricius, 1787) apresenta dois grupos aproximadamente da mesma côr do lobo posterior do de indivíduos em relação às suas dimensões, o maior com pronoto; membrana com algum brilho, porém fortemen- machos medindo 21,5 a 23 mm e fêmeas 26,5 a 27 mm (medi- te enfuscada; nervuras do cório na metade distal, partes do até o ápice da membrana) e o outro com 19,5 a 20 mm laterais do pronoto, prosterno, quadris e trocanteres an- (machos) e 22 a 23,5 mm (fêmeas) (idem). teriores, de côr castanha clara; segmentos genitais de côr A extensa revisão dos representantes de Apiomerus vermelho-sanguínea, incisuras do connexivum e faixas por Costa Lima et al.(1951) foi sucedida por seus aditamen- transversais irregulares dos urosternitos 1-6 de cor lútea; tos (Costa Lima et al.1952, Costa Lima & Mendes 1952) e fêmea com cerca de 16,5 mm. até o ápice do abdome e pelas contribuições de Prosen & Martínez (1955), Buckup cerca de 18 mm. até o ápice da membrana........ obesus (1957), Prosen et al. (1959), Prosen et al. (1962), Carcava- 68’ Cório de côr pardo-escura; nervuras, às vezes, de côr llo et al. (1964) e Dispons (1971), sintetizadas no catálogo castanha ou amarelada; fêmea com 17,5 mm. até o ápice de Maldonado Capriles (1990). do abdome e 20 mm., até o ápice da membrana .......... Embora Maldonado Capriles (1990) tenha relacionado ...................................................................... carvalhoi 110 espécies válidas de Apiomerus, observa-se que pelo fato desse autor não ter tomado conhecimento do trabalho de 69(67’) Fêmures das pernas anteriores de côr castanho - Martínez et al. (1981), deixou de relacionar Apiomerus avermelhada, exceto em alguns espécimes na parte dis- narcisoi Martínez, Carpintero & Carcavallo, 1981 e de dar a tal, que é negra .....................................................mayi conhecer que esses autores consideraram A. rutilans Dis- 69’ A parte castanho - avermelhada das pernas anteriores pons, 1971 como sinônimo júnior de A. beckeri Costa Lima, nunca excedendo a metade proximal ...........hagmanni Seabra & Hathaway, 1952 e A. velazcoi Prosen, Carcavallo (...)”. & Martinez, 1959 como sinônimo júnior de A. sanguineo- Deve-se ressaltar que nas descrições fornecidas por maculatus Blanchard, 1843. Costa Lima et al. (1951), torna-se patente que os autores Assim, atualmente estão incluídas 109 espécies em Api- reconheceram a variabilidade da coloração entre os exem- omerus, o gênero com o maior número de espécies e o mais plares e a proximidade entre as espécies descritas. conhecido dentre os Apiomerini (Schuh & Slater 1995). Neste sentido, ao descrever A. luctuosus, afirmaram Costa Lima et al. (1951) descreveram seis espécies “Releva ponderar que os 3 últimos exemplares referidos muito próximas entre si: Apiomerus luctuosus Costa Lima, muito se aproximam de A. Chinai, que descrevemos em Seabra & Hathaway, 1951, A. chinai Costa Lima, Seabra & seguida. Todavia, o escasso material que examinamos não Hathaway, 1951, A. obesus Costa Lima, Seabra & Hat- nos permite dizer com segurança se os machos de Iquitos haway, 1951, A. carvalhoi Costa Lima, Seabra & Hat- (n° 16b) e a fêmea 768 pertencem a subespécies diferentes haway, 1951, A. mayi Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, de luctuosus, ou se são meras variações, o que nos parece 1951 e A. hagmanni Costa Lima, Seabra & Hathaway, mais provável, tendo em vista o aspecto do pygofer, prati- 1951, cujas principais diferenças apontadas por esses auto-
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