FINAL REPORT Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation CSIRO Yarralumla Heritage Management Plan April 2018 Reference: 0325931 Rev04 Environmental Resources Management Australia Pty Ltd Level 15, 309 Kent Street Sydney NSW 2000 Telephone +61 2 8584 8888 Facsimile +61 2 9299 7502 www.erm.com This page left intentionally blank (Remove after printing to PDF) CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 OBJECTIVES 1 1.2 METHODOLOGY 1 1.3 AUTHORSHIP 2 1.4 CONSULTATION 2 1.5 LIMITATIONS 3 2 SITE BACKGROUND 4 2.1 LOCATION 4 2.2 SITE DESCRIPTION (WHOLE SITE) 7 2.2.1 SETTING 7 2.2.2 BUILT ELEMENTS AND HISTORICAL HERITAGE 8 2.3 SITE MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES 27 2.4 HERITAGE STATUS 27 2.5 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 27 2.5.1 PREHISTORY 27 2.5.2 EUROPEAN HISTORY 30 2.5.3 THE NATION’S CAPITAL 30 2.5.4 CSIRO 31 2.5.5 CSIRO YARRALUMLA 32 2.5.6 CHARLES WESTON AND WESTBOURNE WOODS 32 2.5.7 CHARLES EDWARD LANE-POOLE & THE AUSTRALIAN FORESTRY SCHOOL 35 2.5.8 THE DEPRESSION AND WORLD WAR II 47 2.5.9 THE POST-WORLD WAR II YEARS 51 2.5.10 THE ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 1965-1975 58 2.5.11 THE CSIRO PERIOD 1975 TO THE PRESENT 63 3 LEGISLATION 66 3.1 SUMMARY 66 3.2 OVERVIEW OF RELEVANT LEGISLATION 66 3.2.1 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 66 3.2.2 ACT HERITAGE ACT 2004 69 3.2.3 HERITAGE AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE ACT 70 3.2.4 PLANNING FRAMEWORK 71 3.2.5 APPROVALS UNDER THE NATIONAL CAPITAL PLAN 71 3.2.6 NON-STATUTORY CONSIDERATIONS: BEST PRACTICE GUIDELINES 72 3.3 MORAL RIGHTS 73 4 ASSESSMENT OF HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE 74 4.1 EXISTING HERITAGE ASSESSMENT 74 4.2 ASSESSMENT OF HERITAGE VALUES 74 4.2.1 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 74 4.2.2 ASSESSMENT AGAINST THE CHL SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA 78 CONTENTS 4.2.3 ASSETS OF HISTORIC HERITAGE VALUE 84 4.2.4 ASSESSMENT AGAINST THE ACT SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA 85 4.3 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 86 4.3.1 SUMMARY STATEMENT OF HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE 87 5 MANAGEMENT OF HERITAGE VALUES 89 5.1 OBJECTIVES 89 5.2 RISK ASSESSMENT 89 5.2.1 RISK CATEGORIES 90 5.2.2 RISK REGISTER AND RISK RESPONSES 91 5.3 POLICIES AND GUIDELINES 95 5.3.1 HERITAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN ADOPTION AND MONITORING 95 5.3.2 HERITAGE MANAGEMENT APPROACH 96 5.3.3 REVIEW OF THE HERITAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN 97 5.3.4 CHANGE IN OWNERSHIP 98 5.3.5 FUTURE USE AND DEVELOPMENT 98 5.3.6 INTERPRETATION 102 5.3.7 REPORTING PROTOCOLS 103 5.3.8 STAKEHOLDER AND COMMUNITY CONSULTATION 104 6 ACTION PLANS 105 6.1 GENERAL HERITAGE ACTION PLAN 106 6.2 HISTORIC HERITAGE ACTION PLAN 107 6.2.1 GENERAL MAINTENANCE ISSUES 110 6.2.2 ASBESTOS 114 6.2.3 CYCLICAL MAINTENANCE 114 7. REFERENCES 117 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 4.1 PLACE 1: CSIRO BLACK MOUNTAIN 73 TABLE 4.2 PLACE 2: CSIRO GINNINDERRA 74 TABLE 4.3 PLACE 3: CSIRO CRACE 75 TABLE 4.4 SUMMARY OF CHL VALUES ASSESSMENT 77 TABLE 4.5 BUILDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE 82 TABLE 4.6 ASSESSMENT OF STUDY AREA AGAINST ACT HERITAGE CRITERIA 83 TABLE 5.1 RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX 88 TABLE 5.2 RISK CATEGORIES 88 TABLE 5.3 RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK RESPONSE SUMMARY 90 CONTENTS TABLE 6.1 GENERAL HERITAGE ACTION PLAN 100 TABLE 6.2 HISTORIC HERITAGE ACTION PLAN. 101 TABLE 6.3 GENERAL MAINTENANCE ISSUES 104 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 2.1 STUDY AREA LOCATION 4 FIGURE 2.2 STUDY AREA LAYOUT 5 FIGURE 2.3 LAYOUT OF BUILDINGS 8 FIGURE 2.4 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF THE SOUTHERN GROUP, CSIRO YARRALUMLA (CSIRO 2000 PLAN). 9 FIGURE 2.5 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH SHOWING THE CENTRAL GROUP, CSIRO YARRALUMLA (LEFT OF PHOTOGRAPH) (CSIRO 2001). 14 FIGURE 2.6 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF THE NORTHERN GROUP, CSIRO YARRALUMLA (CSIRO 2000 PLAN). 17 FIGURE 2.7 TRIBAL BOUNDARIES OF CANBERRA AND WIDER REGION (TINDALE 1974). 28 FIGURE 2.8 ONE OF WALTER BURLEY GRIFFIN’S 1913 PLANS FOR CANBERRA (SOURCE: NAA SERIES A1, 1917/7242) 30 FIGURE 2.9 THOMAS CHARLES GEORGE WESTON C. 1926 (SOURCES, LEFT: CANBERRA TIMES, 20 APRIL 1996. RIGHT: CANBERRA HISTORICAL JOURNAL, NO. 44, SEPTEMBER 1999) 32 FIGURE 2.10 CHARLES LANE-POOLE C.1926 (NAA CANBERRA A3087/1). 35 FIGURE 2.11 THE FIRST AFS CLASS, ADELAIDE UNIVERSITY, 1926 (L.T. CARRON 2000). 37 FIGURE 2.12 AMENDED FLOOR PLAN OF THE AUSTRALIAN FORESTRY SCHOOL BUILDING (NATIONAL ARCHIVES OF AUSTRALIA). 38 FIGURE 2.13 AMENDED SECTION OF THE AUSTRALIAN FORESTRY SCHOOL BUILDING (NATIONAL NAA). 38 FIGURE 2.14 THE WORKER’S HUTS, 1927, DEMOLISHED WHEN THE BUILDING WAS COMPLETED (AFS HISTORY FILES). 39 FIGURE 2.15 THE AFS DURING CONSTRUCTION, 1927 (AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY ARCHIVE). 39 CONTENTS FIGURE 2.16 THE AUSTRALIAN FORESTRY SCHOOL BUILDING SHORTLY AFTER IT WAS COMPLETED, MID 1927 (THE MILDENHALL COLLECTION, NAA A3650). 41 FIGURE 2.17 THE OCTAGONAL DOMED HALL, AFS, 1927 (AFS HISTORY FILES 1927, ANU). 41 FIGURE 2.18 THE MUSEUM, SOUTHERN END OF THE AUSTRALIAN FORESTRY SCHOOL (NAA CANBERRA). 42 FIGURE 2.19 THE LIBRARY, AUSTRALIAN FORESTRY SCHOOL, 1927 (NAA CANBERRA). 42 FIGURE 2.20 CHARLES LANE-POOLE, ‘WHO YESTERDAY WAS APPOINTED TO THE NEW OFFICE OF INSPECTOR-GENERAL OF FORESTS FOR THE COMMONWEALTH’ (THE MELBOURNE SUN, 30 MARCH 1927). 43 FIGURE 2.21 THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL, LORD STONEHAVEN, DELIVERS HIS ADDRESS IN THE PRESENCE OF PRIME MINISTER BRUCE, OTHER POLITICIANS AND MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC (AFS HISTORY FILES, 1927 ANU). 44 FIGURE 2.22 THE AUSTRALIAN FORESTRY SCHOOL, 1928 (THE MILDENHALL COLLECTION, NAA). 45 FIGURE 2.23 THE OFFICIAL AUSTRALIAN FORESTRY SCHOOL FLAG, FEATURING THE SCHOOL MOTTO, MIHI CURA FUTURI (NAA). 45 FIGURE 2.24 THE STAFF AND STUDENTS OF THE AUSTRALIAN FORESTRY SCHOOL, 1932 (AFS HISTORY FILES, 1932, ANU). 46 FIGURE 2.25 PLAN OF CANBERRA, 1933. NOTE THAT THE AFS PRECINCT IS LIMITED TO THE AREA AROUND THE SCHOOL AND WESTRIDGE HOUSE (NLA CANBERRA, 1987, GOVERNMENT PRINTER PLAN, 1933). 47 FIGURE 2.26 CHARLES LANE-POOLE, CENTRE FRONT ROW, WITH STAFF AND STUDENTS, 1938. MAX JACOBS IS THIRD FROM THE LEFT (AFS HISTORY FILES, ANU). 47 FIGURE 2.27 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS OF THE FORMER INDUSTRIAL MUSEUM, JUNE 1938 (COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR). 48 FIGURE 2.28 FLOOR PLAN OF ‘CONVERSION OF MUSEUM TO ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, JANUARY 1946 (DEPARTMENT OF WORKS AND HOUSING CONTENTS CANBERRA). 49 FIGURE 2.29 THE CUBICLES IN 1927 (AFS HISTORY FILES, 1927, ANU). 51 FIGURE 2.30 THE CUBICLES IN 1938 (AFS HISTORY FILES, 1938, ANU). 51 FIGURE 2.31 THE THREE BRICK COTTAGES IN 1927, NOW 2, 4 AND 6 SOLANDER PLACE (AFS HISTORY FILES 1927, ANU). 52 FIGURE 2.32 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH 1949, THE AFS STILL OCCUPIES A RELATIVELY SMALL AREA (ERIC MARTIN COLLECTION). 52 FIGURE 2.33 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING, FORESTRY HOUSE: EASTERN ELEVATION (NAA). 53 FIGURE 2.34 THE DINING ROOM OF FORESTRY HOUSE, 1954/55 (ROBERT BODEN - AUSTRALIAN NEWS AND INFORMATION BUREAU PHOTOGRAPH). 53 FIGURE 2.35 THE LOUNGE ROOM OF FORESTRY HOUSE, SHORTLY AFTER THE BUILDING WAS COMPLETED (NAA). 54 FIGURE 2.36 AFS STUDENTS AT THE FRONT OF FORESTRY HOUSE DURING THE STUDY VACATION OF 1952. THE CONCRETE PATH LEADING TO THE ENTRANCE HAD NOT YET BEEN LAID (AFS HISTORY FILES 1952, ANU). 54 FIGURE 2.37 FORESTRY HOUSE, VIEW FROM THE OVAL, 1955 (ROBERT BODEN PHOTOGRAPH). 55 FIGURE 2.38 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS, 1950 AND 1955 RESPECTIVELY, SHOWING THE FORESTRY PRECINCT 1950. THE PRECINCT IS EXPANDING TO THE SOUTH AND WEST WITH CONSTRUCTION OF THE OVAL WITH FORESTRY HOUSE BEHIND (TO THE WEST). (LEFT, ACT DEVELOPMENT RECORD 1950. RIGHT, ACT DEVELOPMENT RECORD 1955). 56 FIGURE 2.39 FORESTRY HOUSE, VIEW FROM THE OVAL 1955 (ROBERT BODEN PHOTOGRAPH). 56 FIGURE 2.40 THE NEW FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE, MAY 1967 (THE FORESTRY AND TIMBER BUREAU ANNUAL REPORT, 1967). 58 FIGURE 2.41 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH 1968 (ACT DEVELOPMENT RECORD 1968). 59 FIGURE 2.42 THE CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT BUILDING 1971 (THE FORESTRY AND TIMBER BUREAU 1971-72). 60 CONTENTS FIGURE 2.43 LEFT: AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH, 1968 (ACT DEVELOPMENT RECORD, 1968). RIGHT: AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF THE FORESTRY PRECINCT 1972. THE INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES ARE BEING CONSTRUCTED NORTH OF THE TENNIS COURTS (ACT DEVELOPMENT RECORD, 1972). 60 FIGURE 2.44 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE FORESTRY SCHOOL PRECINCT, WITH THE INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES COMPLETE, LOCATED BESIDE THE TENNIS COURTS, 1972 AND IN 1975 (ACT DEVELOPMENT RECORD, 1972 AND 1975). 61 FIGURE 2.45 SITE PLAN OF THE AFS BUILDING AND PRECINCT, AS PART OF THE MARION MAHONY GRIFFIN MEASURED DRAWING COMPETITION BY TIM LESLIE AND JENNIFER DUDGEON, 1995 (RAIA ACT CANBERRA). 62 FIGURE 2.46 MEASURED DRAWINGS OF THE AFS BUILDING AND PRECINCT, AS PART OF THE MARION MAHONY GRIFFIN MEASURED DRAWING COMPETITION BY TIM LESLIE AND JENNIFER DUDGEON, 1995 (RAIA ACT CANBERRA). 62 FIGURE 2.47 MEASURED DRAWINGS OF THE AFS BUILDING AND PRECINCT, AS PART OF THE MARION MAHONY GRIFFIN MEASURED DRAWING COMPETITION BY TIM LESLIE AND JENNIFER DUDGEON, 1995 (RAIA ACT CANBERRA). 63 LIST OF ANNEXES ANNEX A HERITAGE CITATIONS ANNEX B SIGNIFICANCE RANKING FOR COMMONWEALTH HERITAGE LISTED PROPERTIES ANNEX C EPBC SIGNIFICANT IMPACT GUIDELINES - ACTIONS ON OR AFFECTING COMMONWEALTH LAND ANNEX D EPBC COMMONWEALTH HERITAGE REGULATIONS COMPLIANCE SUMMARY ANNEX E BUILDING INVENTORY ANNEX F NSW HERITAGE OFFICE PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORDING GUIDELINES ANNEX G DO'S AND DON'TS GUIDE ANNEX H HERITAGE ASSET WORKS RECORD ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AHC Australian Heritage Council AHD Australian Heritage Database AHPI Australian Heritage Places Inventory CHL Commonwealth Heritage List CMP Conservation Management Plan DoEE Department of the Environment and Energy (Commonwealth) DECCW Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water EPBC Act Environment Protection & Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 ERM Environmental Resources Management Australia Pty Ltd HA Heritage Assessment HMP Heritage Management Plan IHO Interim Heritage Orders IM&T Information Management and Technology NES National Environmental Significance NHC Natural Heritage Charter NHL National Heritage List SHR State Heritage Register ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 0325931/FINAL/27 APRIL 2018 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Environmental Resources Management Australia Pty Ltd (ERM) was commissioned by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) to update the current Heritage Management Plan (HMP) for the CSIRO Yarralumla site in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT) (henceforth referred to as ‘the study area’).