October 2019 Volume 40, Number 3
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American Medicinal Leaves and Herbs
Historic, archived document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY—BULLETIN NO. 219. B. T. GALLOWAY, Chief of Bureau. AMERICAN MEDICINAL LEAVES AND HERBS. ALICE HENKEL, ant, Drug-Plant Investigations. Issued December 8, 191L WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1911. CONTENTS. Page. Introduction 7 Collection of leaves and herbs 7 Plants furnishing medicinal leaves and herbs 8 Sweet fern ( Comptonia peregrina) 9 Liverleaf (Hepatica hepatica and H. acuta) 10 Celandine ( Chelidonium majus) 11 Witch-hazel (Eamamelis virginiana) 12 13 American senna ( Cassia marilandica) Evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) 14 Yerba santa (Eriodictyon californicum) 15 Pipsissewa ( Chimaphila umbellata) 16 Mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia) 17 Gravel plant (Epigaea repens) 18 Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) 19 Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) 20 Buckbean ( Menyanthes trifoliata) 21 Skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora) 22 Horehound ( Marrubium vu Igare) 23 Catnip (Nepeta cataria) 24 Motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca) 25 Pennyroyal (Hedeoma pulegioides) 26 Bugleweed (Lycopus virginicus) 27 Peppermint ( Mentha piperita) 28 Spearmint ( Mentha spicata) 29 Jimson weed (Datura stramonium) 30 Balmony (Chelone glabra) 31 Common speedwell ( Veronica officinalis) 32 Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) 32 Squaw vine ( Mitchella repens) 34 Lobelia (Lobelia inflata) 35 Boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum) 36 Gum plant (Grindelia robusta and G. squarrosa) 37 Canada fleabane (Leptilon canadense) 38 Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) 39 Tansy ( Tanacetum vulgare) 40 Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) 41 Coltsfoot ( Tussilago farfara) 42 Fireweed (Erechthites hieracifolia) 43 Blessed thistle ( Cnicus benedictus) 44 Index 45 219 5 ,. LLUSTRATIONS Page. Fig. 1. Sweet fern (Comptonia peregrina), leaves, male and female catkins 9 2. Liverleaf (Hepatica hepatica), flowering plant. 10 3. -
The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts
The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: A County Checklist • First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Somers Bruce Sorrie and Paul Connolly, Bryan Cullina, Melissa Dow Revision • First A County Checklist Plants of Massachusetts: Vascular The A County Checklist First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Massachusetts Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program The Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program (NHESP), part of the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, is one of the programs forming the Natural Heritage network. NHESP is responsible for the conservation and protection of hundreds of species that are not hunted, fished, trapped, or commercially harvested in the state. The Program's highest priority is protecting the 176 species of vertebrate and invertebrate animals and 259 species of native plants that are officially listed as Endangered, Threatened or of Special Concern in Massachusetts. Endangered species conservation in Massachusetts depends on you! A major source of funding for the protection of rare and endangered species comes from voluntary donations on state income tax forms. Contributions go to the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Fund, which provides a portion of the operating budget for the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program. NHESP protects rare species through biological inventory, -
Native Plants North Georgia
Native Plants of North Georgia A photo guide for plant enthusiasts Mickey P. Cummings · The University of Georgia® · College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences · Cooperative Extension CONTENTS Plants in this guide are arranged by bloom time, and are listed alphabetically within each bloom period. Introduction ................................................................................3 Blood Root .........................................................................5 Common Cinquefoil ...........................................................5 Robin’s-Plantain ..................................................................6 Spring Beauty .....................................................................6 Star Chickweed ..................................................................7 Toothwort ..........................................................................7 Early AprilEarly Trout Lily .............................................................................8 Blue Cohosh .......................................................................9 Carolina Silverbell ...............................................................9 Common Blue Violet .........................................................10 Doll’s Eye, White Baneberry ...............................................10 Dutchman’s Breeches ........................................................11 Dwarf Crested Iris .............................................................11 False Solomon’s Seal .........................................................12 -
Pollen Morphology of the Tribe Phyllodoceae (Ericoideae, Ericaceae) and Its Taxonomic Significance
Title Pollen morphology of the tribe Phyllodoceae (Ericoideae, Ericaceae) and its taxonomic significance Author(s) Sarwar, A.K.M. Golam; Takahashi, Hideki Bangladesh journal of plant taxonomy, 21(2), 129-137 Citation https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v21i2.21351 Issue Date 2014-12 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/57636 Type article File Information manuscript.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 21(2): 129-137, 2014 (December) © 2014 Bangladesh Association of Plant Taxonomists POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF THE TRIBE PHYLLODOCEAE (ERICOIDEAE, ERICACEAE) AND ITS TAXONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE1 2 A. K. M. GOLAM SARWAR AND HIDEKI TAKAHASHI Laboratory of Systematic Botany, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Japan Keywords: Pollen morphology; Exine sculpture; Phyllodoceae; Taxonomic significance. Abstract Pollen morphology of 13 taxa belonging to 5 genera of the tribe Phyllodoceae (Ericaceae) was examined by means of light and scanning electron microscopy (LM and SEM, respectively), or SEM alone. In Phyllodoceae, 3-colpor(oid)ate, minute to medium, oblate pollen grains are united usually in tetrahedral tetrads. Pollen tetrads are generally characterized by the presence of viscin threads except Elliottia pyroliflora, Epigaea asiatica and Phyllodoce caerulea. The absence of viscin threads might indicate to a secondary loss, since these are present at least in some species within all the genera of Phyllodoceae. The pollen morphological data confirm the infra- and inter-generic relationships as identified by molecular phylogeny of Phyllodoceae and/or vice-versa. Although various palynological characters were found to be taxonomically important at different taxonomic levels, the apocolpial exine sculpture is emerged as one of the most important palynological features of systematic importance. -
The Vascular Flora of the Red Hills Forever Wild Tract, Monroe County, Alabama
The Vascular Flora of the Red Hills Forever Wild Tract, Monroe County, Alabama T. Wayne Barger1* and Brian D. Holt1 1Alabama State Lands Division, Natural Heritage Section, Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Montgomery, AL 36130 *Correspondence: wayne [email protected] Abstract provides public lands for recreational use along with con- servation of vital habitat. Since its inception, the Forever The Red Hills Forever Wild Tract (RHFWT) is a 1785 ha Wild Program, managed by the Alabama Department of property that was acquired in two purchases by the State of Conservation and Natural Resources (AL-DCNR), has pur- Alabama Forever Wild Program in February and Septem- chased approximately 97 500 ha (241 000 acres) of land for ber 2010. The RHFWT is characterized by undulating general recreation, nature preserves, additions to wildlife terrain with steep slopes, loblolly pine plantations, and management areas and state parks. For each Forever Wild mixed hardwood floodplain forests. The property lies tract purchased, a management plan providing guidelines 125 km southwest of Montgomery, AL and is managed by and recommendations for the tract must be in place within the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural a year of acquisition. The 1785 ha (4412 acre) Red Hills Resources with an emphasis on recreational use and habi- Forever Wild Tract (RHFWT) was acquired in two sepa- tat management. An intensive floristic study of this area rate purchases in February and September 2010, in part was conducted from January 2011 through June 2015. A to provide protected habitat for the federally listed Red total of 533 taxa (527 species) from 323 genera and 120 Hills Salamander (Phaeognathus hubrichti Highton). -
Houston South Vegetation Management and Restoration Project Draft Environmental Assessment
United States Department of Agriculture Houston South Vegetation Management and Restoration Project Draft Environmental Assessment Forest Service Hoosier National Forest July 2019 For More Information Contact: Michelle Paduani, Brownstown District Ranger Hoosier National Forest Brownstown Ranger District 811 Constitution Avenue Bedford, IN 47421 Phone: 812-276-4745 Email: [email protected] Fax: 812-279-3423 In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, sex, religious creed, disability, age, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g. Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.), should contact the Agency (State or local) where they applied for benefits. Individuals who are deaf, hard of hearing or have speech disabilities may contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, (AD-3027) found online at: How to File a Complaint, and at any USDA office, or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. -
Rare Vascular Plant Taxa Associated with the Longleaf Pine Ecosystems: Patterns in Taxonomy and Ecology
Rare Vascular Plant Taxa Associated with the Longleaf Pine Ecosystems: Patterns in Taxonomy and Ecology Joan Walker U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Department of Forest Resources, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634 ABSTRACT Ecological, taxonomic and biogeographical characteristics are used to describe the group of 187 rare vascular plant taxa associated with longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) throughout its range. Taxonomic and growth form distributions mirror the patterns of common plus rare taxa in the flora. Most of the species have rather narrow habitat preferences, and narrow geo graphic ranges, but a few rare sp~cies with broad habitat tolerances and wider geographic ranges are identified. Ninety-six local endemics are associated with longleaf pine ecosystems. This incidence is as high as in other comparably-sized endemic-rich areas in North America. A distinct geographic trend in rare species composition is indicated. Species fall into 4 groups: Florida longleaf associates, south Atlantic coastal plain, east Gulf coastal plain, and west Gulf coastal plain species. Distributional factors that produce rarity must be considered in the development of conser vation strategies. Overall, conserving longleaf communities rangewide will protect .large ~ numbers of rare plant taxa in Southeastern United States. INTRODUCTION 1986), and inevitably the strategies required to con serve them will differ. Recently Hardin and White (1989) effectively focused conservationists' attentions on the high The purposes of this study are to (1) identify numbers of rare species associated with wiregrass the rare species associated with longleaf pine eco (Aristida stricta), a grass that dominates the ground systems rangewide; (2) characterize the rare spe layer of longleaf communities through a large part cies taxonomically and ecologically, in order to of its range, and over a broad range of longleaf identify patterns that may distinguish this group habitats. -
A Natural Features Assessment for the Shingleton Forest Management Unit
A Natural Features Assessment for the Shingleton Forest Management Unit Prepared by: Ryan P. O’Connor Michigan Natural Features Inventory P.O. Box 30444 Lansing, MI 48909-7944 For: Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Forest, Mineral and Fire Management Division September 30, 2008 Report Number 2008-10 Suggested citation: O’Connor, R. 2008. A Natural Features Assessment for the Shingleton Forest Management Unit. Report 2008-10. Michigan Natural Features Inventory. Lansing, MI. Copyright 2008 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. MSU Extention in an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity organization. Cover image: Extensive colonies of dwarf lake iris occur along Portage Bay Road. Introduction openings along Portage Bay Road are used as staging During the summer of 2008, the Forest, Mineral and areas, or if road maintenance activities are conducted, Fire Management Division (FMFM) of the Michigan but otherwise should be unaffected by proposed Department of Natural Resources (DNR) management. Due to the timing of the request for a commissioned the Michigan Natural Features survey, it was not possible to conduct a thorough Inventory (MNFI) to conduct a rare species survey of search for calypso, which flowers early in the year and two forest stands that had been prescribed for has a narrow survey window of late May through mid- treatment in Delta County within the Shingleton Forest June (Higman and Penskar 1996). Management Unit (FMU). The purpose of the MNFI survey was to search for populations of rare plant species that had been previously documented in the general vicinity and were noted as potentially occurring in the treatment area during the Shingleton Compartment Review. -
Pollen Morphology of the Tribe Phyllodoceae (Ericoideae, Ericaceae) and Its Taxonomic Significance1
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 21(2): 129-137, 2014 (December) © 2014 Bangladesh Association of Plant Taxonomists POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF THE TRIBE PHYLLODOCEAE (ERICOIDEAE, ERICACEAE) AND ITS TAXONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE1 2 A. K. M. GOLAM SARWAR AND HIDEKI TAKAHASHI Laboratory of Systematic Botany, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Japan Keywords: Pollen morphology; Exine sculpture; Phyllodoceae; Taxonomic significance. Abstract Pollen morphology of 13 taxa belonging to 5 genera of the tribe Phyllodoceae (Ericaceae) was examined by means of light and scanning electron microscopy (LM and SEM, respectively), or SEM alone. In Phyllodoceae, 3-colpor(oid)ate, minute to medium, oblate pollen grains are united usually in tetrahedral tetrads. Pollen tetrads are generally characterized by the presence of viscin threads except Elliottia pyroliflora, Epigaea asiatica and Phyllodoce caerulea. The absence of viscin threads might indicate to a secondary loss, since these are present at least in some species within all the genera of Phyllodoceae. The pollen morphological data confirm the infra- and inter-generic relationships as identified by molecular phylogeny of Phyllodoceae and/or vice-versa. Although various palynological characters were found to be taxonomically important at different taxonomic levels, the apocolpial exine sculpture is emerged as one of the most important palynological features of systematic importance. The rugulate apocolpial exine with striate secondary sculpture and a reduced colpus might be apomorphic palynological character states for this tribe and Ericaceae as well. Hitherto, it is the first SEM study of Rhodothamnus pollen. Introduction The Phyllodoceae Drude is one of the most morphologically heterogeneous group that apparently has no morphological synapomorphy (Kron, 1997). Moreover, the inclusion of Epigaea in the tribe Phyllodoceae might increase the morphological heterogeneity of this group and the monophyly of this group is not well supported by morphology. -
Epigaea Repens in Indiana
EPIGAEA REPENS IN INDIANA: HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS AND THE EFFECTS OF CONTROLLED BURNING Roger Beckman Chemistry Library Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana 47405 Submitted to the faculty of the Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Biology Indiana University June, 1994 Accepted by the faculty of the Graduate School, Indiana University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Master of Arts in the Department of Biology, Indiana University June, 1994 Master Committee Dr. Donald R. Whitehead, Chairman Dr. Keith Clay 0 Dr. Lynda Delph 0 1994 Roger Beckman ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Acknowledgements Don Whitehead Keith Clay Lynda Delph Nate Beckman Dan Bopp Darrell Breedlove Don Burton Keith Craddock Sandy Davis Bernhard Flury Alan Fone Carolyn Frazer Libby Frey Cloyce Hedge John Hill John Hollingsworth Mike Homoya Joan and Rob Hongen Hank Huffman Lewis Johnson Bill Jones Judy Kline Paul McCarter Louie Peragallo Dave Parkhurst J.C Randolph Andrea Singer Roger Sweets Fred and Maryrose Wampler Gary Wiggins George Yatskievych IUB Library Research Grant and Leave Committee iii EPIGAEA REPENS IN INDIANA: HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS AND THE EFFECTS OF CONTROLLED BURNING by Roger Beckman ABSTRACT : As Epi~aearepens L. (trailing arbutus) is a rare plant in Indiana, I studied four sites in south-central Indiana to identify habitat requirements and to locate additional sites. Habitat factors studied included soil type, companion vegetation, litter exposure, slope, 0 horizon depth, aspect, canopy cover, and pH. Epi~aearepens is mostly found with litter exposure between 30-60%, slopes of 20-30°, 0 horizon 1.5-2.0 cm deep, an aspect between 180 " (south)and 330" (northwest),canopy cover > 70 %, low sapling density (0 t.o 0.12 saplings/rd), and a mean soil pH of 3.5. -
Bas Relief and Bas Relief Park Provincetown, MA
A Master Conservation Plan for Bas Relief and Bas Relief Park Provincetown, MA Prepared for the Town of Provincetown 260 Commercial Street Provincetown, MA 02657 by Ray Dunetz Landscape Architecture, Inc. 179 Green Street Boston, MA 02130 617.524.6265 Building Conservation Associates, Inc. 10 Langley Road Suite 202 Newton Centre, MA 02459 617.916.5661 Rika Smith McNally & Associates www.sculpturecare.com 617.283.6036 MacLeod Consulting, Inc. 29 Woods Road Belmont, MA 02478 617.484.4733 December 2016 A Master Conserva on Plan for Bas Relief and Bas Relief Park Provincetown, MA Prepared for the Town of Provincetown 260 Commercial Street Provincetown, MA 02657 by Ray Dunetz Landscape Architecture, Inc. 179 Green Street Boston, MA 02130 617.524.6265 Building Conserva on Associates, Inc. 10 Langley Road Suite 202 Newton Centre, MA 02459 617.916.5661 Rika Smith McNally & Associates www.sculpturecare.com 617.283.6036 MacLeod Consul ng, Inc. 29 Woods Road Belmont, MA 02478 617.484.4733 December 2016 Support for this project was provided by funding from Community Preserva on Act of Massachuse s. Copies of this report are available from the Town of Provincetown. CONTENTS CONTENTS 1. Summary iii 2. Acknowledgements v 3. History 1 4. Landscape Assessment 3 5. Bronze Assessment 17 6. Stone Assessment 33 7. Structural Assessment 45 8. Recommendations 57 9. Management 61 10. Budget Projections 65 Appendix A. Chronology B. Bibliography Bas Relief / Bas Relief Park Master Conservation Plan Page i Provincetown, MA SUMMARY SUMMARY Park History Bas Relief Park, located at 106 Bradford Street in Provincetown, MA, commemorated the signing of the Mayfl ower Compact on November 11, 1620 in Provincetown Harbor. -
Vascular Plant Inventory
VASCULAR PLANT INVENTORY AND PLANT COMMUNITY CLASSIFICATION FOR CARL SANDBURG HOME NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE Report for the Vertebrate and Vascular Plant Inventories: Appalachian Highlands and Cumberland/Piedmont Networks Prepared by NatureServe for the National Park Service Southeast Regional Office February 2003 NatureServe is a non-profit organization providing the scientific knowledge that forms the basis for effective conservation action. A NatureServe Technical Report Prepared for the National Park Service under Cooperative Agreement H 5028 01 0435. Citation: White, Jr., Rickie D. 2003. Vascular Plant Inventory and Plant Community Classification for Carl Sandburg Home National Historic Site. NatureServe: Durham, North Carolina. © 2003 NatureServe NatureServe 6114 Fayetteville Road, Suite 109 Durham, NC 27713 919-484-7857 International Headquarters 1101 Wilson Boulevard, 15th Floor Arlington, Virginia 22209 www.natureserve.org National Park Service Southeast Regional Office Atlanta Federal Center 1924 Building 100 Alabama St., S.W. Atlanta, GA 30303 404-562-3163 The view and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the U.S. Government. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not consitute their endorsement by the U.S. Government. This report consists of the main report along with a series of appendices with information about the plants and plant communities found at the site. Electronic files have been provided to the National Park Service in addition to hard copies. Current information on all communities described here can be found on NatureServe Explorer at www.natureserve.org/explorer. Cover photo: Close-up of a flower of the pink lady’s slipper (Cypripedium acaule) in an oak-hickory forest at Carl Sandburg Home National Historic Site.