Supremo Amicus Volume 25 | July, 2021 Issn 2456

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Supremo Amicus Volume 25 | July, 2021 Issn 2456 SUPREMO AMICUS VOLUME 25 | JULY, 2021 ISSN 2456-9704 ______________________________________________________________________________ REASSESS, REORGANIZE & paper analyzes the adopted strategy of REALIGN VISION FOR EFFECTIVE vaccination drive during the COVID INOCULATION: A HOLISTIC pandemic, understands its complexities and REVIEW OF SARS COVID-19 dynamics. It focuses upon existing VACCINATION DRIVE IN INDIA infrastructural and technological integration during the drive; its directives towards By Neha Verma vaccinating socio-demographic and From University of Delhi economic minorities, defining short and long-term goals, and keeping it in pace with the production supply. It aims to give a Abstract holistic view of the adopted tactics of the Indian Government for improving the With the advent of SARS-COVID 19 or efficacy of the vaccination drive. coronavirus pandemic in 2020, vaccines have become the sword and might towards Fair Use Act Disclaimer defeating and subduing the rage of the pandemic on the world population. India has This research paper is for educational followed the global outcry for vaccines and purpose only. has a vaccination drive commenced from January 2021 with a certain priority attached Fair use to each section of the population. Effective Copyright disclaimer under section 107 of implementation of Vaccine Drive essentially the Copyright Act of 1976, allowance is defines the global outlook and strength of the made for “fair use” for purpose such as Indian Government towards protecting the criticism, comment, news reporting, population and promoting the economic teaching, scholarship, education and activity to resolve back to pre-pandemic research. normalcy. India has integrated the vaccine drive in a COWIN portal allowing the Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statue Government to determine the coverage of that might otherwise be infringing. vaccination, assess the drive efficacy, and plan out future strategies to overcome the 1. Introduction challenges put forward in a dynamic COVID With the advent of the SARS COVID-19 or environment. Real-time analysis has helped the coronavirus pandemic in 2020, which to reassess the implemented plan of action, started as an undefined endemic disease with re-organize and realign the vision of effective pneumococcal characteristics in the last inoculation. With the initiation of free quarter of 2019 in the Wuhan province of inoculation of all above 18 years of age from China, the whole world has been caught in May 1, 2021, the Indian Government has so the web of isolations and quarantines to curb far completely inoculated 3.5% of the the spread of the virus and save as many lives population with the weekly average reaching as possible. Till June 2021, 182 million above 3 million doses in June 2021, and has people worldwide have contracted adopted a dynamic strategy towards coronavirus with about 3.96 million losing inoculating other sections of society. This their lives with a lot of excess death going _____________________________________________________________________________________ PIF 6.242 www.supremoamicus.org SUPREMO AMICUS VOLUME 25 | JULY, 2021 ISSN 2456-9704 ______________________________________________________________________________ unaccounted for. In India, about 30.5 million billion doses of the vaccines all over the people have contracted the virus and about world under its Maitri Initiative and mirrors 0.4 million people have lost their lives with the global objectives of donating such to many states under-counting the excess death developing countries like South Africa. to a factor of 0.42 in Kerala to 23.8 in Madhya Pradesh. 2. Available Vaccines in India Utilizing its research and development The best policy to curb the spread as adopted capabilities, India had initiated researches by the GoI, and has been stressed on every into efficacious vaccine development on occasion, appears to be to ensure that the multiple fronts. SII had signed an agreement infection is mild in most people, and that in with the Oxford-AstraZeneca1, Novavax2 and those in whom the disease might be more Codagenix3 to manufacture the international severe, it can be pushed towards a milder vaccines in India. It plans to manufacture form by vaccination. Therefore, it was an about 2 million Vaccines a year for imperative to vaccinate as many as people as (ChAd0x1 - Original International name) possible. Global Analysis for developing Covidshield (developed by the AstraZeneca- immunity and preventing more loss of life Oxford and domestically manufactured by has necessitated the efficacious vaccines and Serum Institute of India) and has applied for their inoculation. Many institutes and EUA with DCGI and ICMR. organizations’ efforts have resulted in multiple vaccines being developed and Covaxin4 is India's first indigenous vaccine administered all over the world like developed by “Bharat Biotech International Corminaty by Pfizer and Vaxzevria by Limited” in collaboration with “National AstraZeneca-Oxford. India has been Institute of Virology of ICMR”. It is one of administering the vaccines Covidshield and the two domestic vaccines and has recently Covaxin since January 2021. Certain published the Phase III results highlighting international variants of vaccines have also 77.8% efficacy against symptomatic Covid- begun their inoculation in multiple parts of 19 and 93.4% efficacy against the severe the country like Sputnik V in Bangalore and diseases. Production for Covaxin is planned other vaccines are in process for obtaining to be increased to 7-fold during the July- EUA - Emergency Use Authorization by August 2021 and follow-on to reaching DCGI. nearly 10 Crore Vaccines a month in September. India utilizing its robust and dynamic vaccination program capabilities has ZyCoV-D5 by Cadila Healthcare (Zydus promised to develop, donate and deliver a Cadila) is the other indigenous vaccine 1 World Health Organization. 2021. The 4Pharmaceutical Technology, Verdict. July 05 2021. Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine: what you Bharat Biotech’s COVAXIN shows 77.8% efficacy need to know. [Accessed: July 14 2021] against Covid-19. [Accessed: July 14 2021] 2 Zimlich, R. 2021. An Overview of the Novavax 5 Economic Times. Updated: July 14 2021. Zydus COVID-19 Vaccine. [Accessed: July 14 2021] Cadila seeks approval for its needle-free COVID 3 Zoe Magee. 2021. Inhaling away the virus: Is the vaccine ZyCOV-D; here's how it works. [Accessed: next generation of COVID vaccines on its way? July 14 2021] [Accessed: July 14 2021] _____________________________________________________________________________________ PIF 6.242 www.supremoamicus.org SUPREMO AMICUS VOLUME 25 | JULY, 2021 ISSN 2456-9704 ______________________________________________________________________________ developed in India. It is based on plasmid 19 (NEGVAC)8 with the aim of guiding, DNA technology not licensed for public providing advice & recommendations, and usage which delivers the DNA encoding to strategizing the vaccine administration all the target antigens in the recipient and is used over India. The group, chaired by NITI as a vaccine vector to allow the antigens to be Aayog, co-chaired by Secretary of Mohfw, produced by the human cells. Compiling the India and Member (Health), had prioritized phase two trial results, the company is the sections of Indian society for vaccine focusing on executing the trial III inoculation. The priority list9 is as follows: examinations. (a) health & front-line workers; (b) people above 60 years of age with essential Corbevax6 by Biological E Limited is a inoculation of people with comorbidities in protein subunit vaccine similar to the this section; (c) people below 60 years with vaccines developed by the Novavax and comorbidities and people above 45 years of Sanofi-GSK. The phase 2/3 trials began on age; (d) people with age between 18-45 years. June 7 2021 and even before the conclusive Each of these sections had been inoculated in results, Government of India had signed an a progressive manner with each lower agreement for delivery of 300 million of prioritized section getting a later date for the Corbevax with Biological E. start than the higher-prioritized ones with priority (a) section getting vaccines from 3. COVID-19 Vaccination January 1. GoI had allowed the vaccination Strategy in India to be inoculated to all people above the 18 Marking March 22 2021 as the Lockdown years of age from May 1 2021 to build upon 1.07 enforced by the Government of India, the the herd immunity and vaccinate as many society has witnessed the release of new people as possible. As per another expert guidelines and methods each week to protect group of doctors and medical scientists, personal life and curb the further spread of people with comorbidities were prioritized in virus. The “Ministry of Health & Family the clinic trials as well as in the program Welfare (MOHFW)” and ICMR under the given the life-threatening situations arising if guidance of the PM of India had issued such in case of Covid-19. guidelines and had been robust in structuring out the policies and process on saving the With the start of inoculation10 from January infected in hospitals as well. 16 2021, after 2 dry runs, majority of the health and front-line workers given the risk The GoI has instituted a National Expert of contraction were vaccinated with both Group of Vaccine Administration of COVID- Covidshield and Covaxin. Covidshield and 6 Raghavan, P. June 10 2021. Explained: How is deliberates on strategy to ensure COVID-19
Recommended publications
  • What Do We Know About India's Covaxin Vaccine?
    FEATURE Tamil Nadu, India COVID-19 VACCINES [email protected] BMJ: first published as 10.1136/bmj.n997 on 20 April 2021. Downloaded from Cite this as: BMJ 2021;373:n997 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n997 What do we know about India’s Covaxin vaccine? Published: 20 April 2021 India has rapidly approved and rolled out Covaxin, its own covid-19 vaccine. Kamala Thiagarajan examines what we know so far. Kamala Thiagarajan freelance journalist Who developed Covaxin? cheapest purchased by any country in the world at 206 rupees per shot for the 5.5 million doses the Covaxin was developed by Indian pharmaceutical government currently has on order. The government company Bharat Biotech in collaboration with the has capped the price of the vaccine sold in the private Indian Council of Medical Research, a government market, with private hospitals able to charge up to funded biomedical research institute, and its 250 rupees.13 subsidiary the National Institute of Virology. Covaxin does not require storage at sub-zero Bharat Biotech has brought to market 16 original temperatures, which would be hard to maintain in vaccines, including for rotavirus, hepatitis B, Zika India’s climate and with the frequent power cuts in virus, and chikungunya.1 The company reportedly rural areas. Covaxin is available in multi-dose vials spent $60-$70m (£43-£50m; €50-€58m) developing and is stable at the 2-8°C that ordinary refrigeration Covaxin.2 can achieve. How does Covaxin work? Bharat Biotech says it has a stockpile of 20 million The vaccine is similar to CoronaVac (the Chinese doses of Covaxin for India and is in the process of vaccine developed by Sinovac)3 in that it uses a manufacturing 700 million doses at its four facilities complete infective SARS-CoV-2 viral particle in two cities by the end of the year.
    [Show full text]
  • 0 January to July 2021
    0 www.journalsofindia.com January to July 2021 SCIENCE & TECH ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 1. REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMME(RLV-TD) ................................................. 6 2. GAGANYAAN MISSION ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 3. MARS ORBITER MISSION (MOM) ..................................................................................................................................... 6 4. CHANDRAYAAN MISSION................................................................................................................................................. 7 5. SOLAR MISSION ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 6. ARTEMIS ACCORD ............................................................................................................................................................ 9 7. NATIONAL MISSION ON INTERDISCIPLINARY CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEM (NMICPS) ....................................................... 10 8. SMART ANTI-AIRFIELD WEAPON (SAAW) ...................................................................................................................... 10 9. AQUAPONICS ................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • COVID-19 Summary of Guidelines
    [3] Table of Contents 1. Containment Plan for Large Outbreaks: Novel Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19 ............................... 7 2. Social Stigma Associated with COVID-19....................................................................................................... 7 3. Guidelines for Dialysis with reference to COVID 19 Infection ....................................................................... 7 4. Guidance document on appropriate management of suspect/ confirmed cases of COVID 19......................... 7 5. COVID - 19 testing laboratories approved and supported by ICMR as on 07/04/2020 ................................... 8 6. Railways meet half initial target in a quick time ............................................................................................... 8 7. DST supported healthcare startup developing rapid test for detection of COVID-19 .................................... 8 8. Check urgently the virus of misinformation on COVID-19: Vice President .................................................... 8 9. Guidelines for Quarantine facilities................................................................................................................. 9 10. Advisory on use of Homemade Protective Cover for Face & Mouth .............................................................. 9 11. Advisory to start rapid antibody-based blood test for COVID-19 .................................................................. 9 12. MHA writes to States/UTs to ensure smooth Disbursal of Money to beneficiaries
    [Show full text]
  • Ifs Recommendations for Covid 19 Vaccination Before Art
    16 – 17 JULY 2020 PRAGATI MAIDAN - DELHI INDIAN FERTILITY SOCIETY IFS RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COVID 19 VACCINATION BEFORE ART IFS SECRETARIAT +91 11 40018184 +91 9899308083 indianferlitysociety [email protected] www.indianferlitysociety.org indianferlitysociety 302, 3rd Floor, Kailash Building, ifsdelhi 26, Kasturba Gandhi Marg, C.P. New Delhi - 110001 Cosmo Tech is the Most Important Trade show for the Suppliers to EXPAND Strengthen Increase Multiply Profits New Markets Pan New Market Customer Base India & World Customer Soaring Boost Network Brand Sales Brand Recall Value with the Industry Visibility ORGANIZED BY CALL EMAIL +91 9971811937 [email protected] +91 9999302797 [email protected] +91 9811141938 [email protected] W W W .C O SMO TEC HEXPO IND IA .C O M Dr. Sudha Prasad Dr. Neena Malhotra President Secretary General Indian Fertility Society Indian Fertility Society Director, Matritava Advanced IVF & Professor, ART Centre, Department of Training Cenre, Vasant Vihar, New Delhi Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, New Delhi Dr. Sonia Malik Dr. Kuldeep Jain Past President Indian Fertility Society, Past President Indian Fertility Society, Director & Nova Southend Fertility & Director, KJIVF New Delhi IVF Delhi NCR Dr. KU Kunjumoideen Dr. A K Pandey Joint Secretary Indian Fertility Society, Dean Academics &. Co Ordinator Director ARMC IVF Calicut. Molecular Lab. ESI Medical college Faridabad Dr. Charu Jandial Dr. Sumita Aggarwal Member IFS, Consultant, Member IFS, Fellow, Nova Southend Fertility & IVF Delhi NCR Nova Southend Fertility & IVF Delhi NCR Introduction The coronavirus pandemic has wreaked havoc on life In these trying mes, as sociees are gradually trying to and healthcare globally. According to WHO database as return to a state of normalcy, it is also important to on 7th June 2021, there have been 173 million consider sexual and reproducve health of people.
    [Show full text]
  • Bcpct]Ttsbc^Prc U^A Dq[XRV^^S
    6 < %()(=#%% 53%7==,>3='$()6(=#%% (#-'>3='$()6(=#%% $'()"*$+&,- %( !"# $$%& 2(*3-% (566)(37)% 3 0 4 $5 3 $1 2 0 .8 9 8 ++0 0 .:; . !" . / 01 $ %'( $) '# *' it for the last eight to nine notable achievements to its months, “where is the UN in name in the 75 years of its aking a strong case for a this joint fight. Where is the experience, including the pre- Msignificant role for India effective response.” vention of a third world war, in the United Nations, Prime Focussing on a more “we can’t deny terrorist attacks 0 Minister Narendra Modi on prominent role for India in the shook the world”. Saturday stressed the need for UN and fight against corona, “We have successfully ne of the oldest partners changes in the international the Prime Minister avoided avoided a third world war but Oof the BJP — the body and questioned its posi- making any reference to ongo- we cannot deny many wars Shiromani Akali Dal — which tion in fighting the coron- ing tension at the Line of happened, many civil wars has been with it through thick avirus pandemic. Actual Control (LAC) and happened. Terrorist attack and thin for decades, finally He also assured the global frosty ties with Pakistan in his shook the world. Blood was quit the National Democratic Q community that India will pro- 20-minute speech. He also did spilled. Those were killed were Alliance (NDA) on Saturday, vide corona vaccine to the not respond to Pakistan Prime like you and me. Children left signaling a complete political world as it is the world’s biggest Minister Imran Khan’s remarks the world prematurely,” he said.
    [Show full text]
  • HYDERABAD, SATURDAY, JUNE 5, 2021; PAGES 12 `3 RNI No
    Follow us on: @TheDailyPioneer facebook.com/dailypioneer HYDERABAD, SATURDAY, JUNE 5, 2021; PAGES 12 `3 RNI No. TELENG/2018/76469 Established 1864 Published From HYDERABAD DELHI LUCKNOW BHOPAL RAIPUR CHANDIGARH BHUBANESWAR RANCHI DEHRADUN VIJAYAWADA *LATE CITY VOL. 3 ISSUE 226 *Air Surcharge Extra if Applicable www.dailypioneer.com Managed second wave, P RBI keeps interest rates unchanged P ‘Keen on signing scripts P ‘very well’; ready for 3rd: NITIA that are fun 5 announces measures to aid economy 8 entertaining, challenging’ 11 In brief IMPORT VACCINE, SAVE Petrol crosses Etela quits Assembly, TRS Pfizer vaccine for Rs 100/litre Ex-minister confirms he would be joining BJP; 12-15 age group PEOPLE, KTR TELLS CENTRE mark in TS, AP launches no-holds-barred attack on KCR gets nod in the UK ML MELLY MAITREYI ritain's medicines regulator said PNS n HYDERABAD PNS n NEW DELHI n HYDERABAD Friday the Pfizer/BioNTech B vaccine is safe for adolescents Minister KT Rama Rao on Friday After Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh Former minister Etela Rajender let aged 12 to 15 after a "rigorous review", targeted the Centre again for its and Maharashtra, petrol price the suspense over his political following similar assessments in the “bungling” on Covid-19 vaccina- has crossed the Rs 100-per-litre future hang for some time even as EU and US."We have carefully tion and demanded that it imme- mark in almost all districts of AP he resigned from the Membership reviewed clinical trial data in children diately import vaccines from coun- and parts of Telangana after fuel of the State Legislative Assembly aged 12 to 15 years and have tries that are sitting on a huge prices were again hiked on Friday.
    [Show full text]
  • COVID-19 and Immigration Tracker
    Mobility: Immigration Tracker Impact of COVID-19 on global immigration 10 February 2021 Important notes • This document provides a snapshot of the policy changes that have been announced in jurisdictions around the world in response to the COVID-19 crisis. It is designed to support conversations about policies that have been proposed or implemented in key jurisdictions • Policy changes across the globe are being proposed and implemented on a daily basis. This document is updated on an ongoing basis but not all entries will be up-to-date as the process moves forward. In addition, not all jurisdictions are reflected in this document • Find the most current version of this tracker on ey.com • Please consult with your EY engagement team to check for new updates and new developments EY teams have developed additional trackers to help you follow changes: ► Force Majeure ► Global Mobility ► Global Tax Policy ► Global Trade Considerations ► Labor and Employment Law ► Tax Controversy ► US State and Local Taxes EY professionals are updating the trackers regularly as the situation continues to develop. Page 2 Impact of COVID-19 on Global Immigration Overview/key issues • With the crisis evolving at different stages globally, government authorities continue to implement immigration-related measures to limit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and protect the health and safety of individuals in and outside of their jurisdictions. • Measures to stem the spread of COVID-19 include the following: • Entry restrictions and heightened admission criteria
    [Show full text]
  • Vaccine Matri: a New Way of Diplomacy
    AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF ROLE OF INDIA IN VACCINE DIPLOMACY FOR COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry (TOJQI) Volume 12, Issue 3, June 2021:652- 665 Research Article An Exploratory Study Of Role Of India In Vaccine Diplomacy For Covid-19 Pandemic Era Dr. Saroj Choudhary1, Dr Sanjiv Singh Bhadauria2, Mr Abhinav Upadhyay3, Dr Sandeep Kulshrestha4 Abstract Coronavirus is spread in end of December, 2019 in Wuhan and in March, 2020 World Health Organization declared it as a pandemic. Coronavirus affect world in many ways like socially, economically and in many other. In early January, 2021 India make their vaccine and not only vaccinated their own people but also help other countries and provide vaccine to their neighbouring countries on grant and commercial basis and this will help India to make their reputation in world platform. In this paper, Vaccine Maîtri an initiative by India to provide vaccine to their neighbouring countries and also other needy countries and how this will enhance the image of India in world stage. Keywords: Coronavirus; COVID-19; vaccine maîtri; vaccine; India;government; WHO. VACCINE MATRI: A NEW WAY OF DIPLOMACY COVID-19 is a major global public health challenge, and in many countries it has created a serious social, economic, and political crisis. The numbers involved are staggering, whether they refer to infection and death, the rate of public health measures such as travel restrictions, or the economic consequences of unemployment and public sector spending. All economies are placed in drug-induced comas, the complex public health systems have become increasingly prevalent in levels of public adherence or surprising disobedience, and health care systems and provinces are being tested by many who have never seen it.
    [Show full text]
  • Asia COVID-19 & Vaccine Tracker
    9 July 2021 Free to View Asia COVID-19 & Vaccine Tracker Economics - Asia Tougher restrictions As COVID-19 cases continue to surge across Asia, more Yun Liu authorities have re-imposed restrictions or even lockdowns Economist The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited But this has increased the urgency to ramp up vaccine Frederic Neumann procurement and roll-out in the region Co-Head of Asian Economics Research The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited Some economies have started pilot programmes to revive tourism, but a full re-opening may take a long time Maitreyi Das Associate Bangalore Déjà vu No end in sight just yet. The Delta variant is causing daily new COVID-19 cases to surge to new record highs across Asia, prompting more governments to re-impose tougher restrictions. This is particularly evident in ASEAN, where cases in Indonesia and Vietnam have been rising sharply. The former has extended its tightening measures throughout the country until 20 July, while the latter will impose a strict lockdown in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) from 9 July for 15 days. Meanwhile, just two weeks before the Tokyo Olympics, Japan is set to declare its fourth state of emergency in Tokyo from 12 July to 20 August, raising the possibility of no spectators attending the games. Meanwhile, Singapore is the only country that has decided to ease its social restrictions from 12 July, as new cases remain low. Urgency on vaccination The recent outbreaks in the region has alerted the authorities that the key to exiting the pandemic is to accelerate vaccine procurement and roll-out.
    [Show full text]
  • Announcement on Procurement Process
    Announcement on Procurement Process During the past few weeks, there have been reports in the media at large misrepresenting the procurement process of COVAXIN®, in Brazil and other countries. We wish to provide the following clarification - ∙ The procurement process for COVID-19 vaccines and several vaccines for routine immunization follow a common process which is widely accepted, and established in Industry ∙ Based on a country’s requirement, the company receives a letter of intent (or MOU) for procurement ∙ The company then proceeds to apply for emergency use authorization (EUA) in the respective country ∙ Once EUA is received, the Ministry of Health (MOH) would proceed to place a firm order by releasing a purchase order, with the required initial quantities. In several countries, MOHs have placed orders for procurement prior to the approval of vaccines such as USA, EU, India, etc. However, procurement happens only post EUA. ● In order to secure a firm Purchase Order from the country, the company proceeds to raise a Pro Forma Invoice to the MOH, towards the supply of vaccine ● Based on the invoice, the MOH pays the amount in advance ● Once the payment is received, the company proceeds to supply the agreed quantities and within the agreed timelines ● In the specific case of procurement of COVAXIN® by MOH Brazil, since the first meetings with MOH Brazil during Nov 2020, until 29th of June 2021, a step-by-step approach has been followed towards contracts, and regulatory approvals, during this ~ 8 long month-long process. On 4th June 2021, ANVISA authorized the exceptional import of the Covaxin vaccine by the Ministry of Health for distribution and Use Under Controlled Conditions”.
    [Show full text]
  • En Este Número
    Boletín Científico No. 18 (1-10 julio/2021) EN ESTE NÚMERO VacCiencia es una publicación dirigida a Resumen de candidatos vacu- investigadores y especialistas dedicados a nales contra la COVID-19 ba- la vacunología y temas afines, con el ob- sadas en la plataforma de sub- jetivo de serle útil. Usted puede realizar unidad proteica en desarrollo a sugerencias sobre los contenidos y de es- nivel mundial. (segunda parte) ta forma crear una retroalimentación Artículos científicos más que nos permita acercarnos más a sus recientes de Medline sobre necesidades de información. vacunas. Patentes más recientes en Patentscope sobre vacunas. Patentes más recientes en USPTO sobre vacunas. 1| Copyright © 2020. Todos los derechos reservados | INSTITUTO FINLAY DE VACUNAS Resumen de vacunas contra la COVID-19 basadas en la plataforma de subunidad proteica en desarrollo a nivel mundial (segunda parte) Las vacunas de subunidades antigénicas son aquellas en las que solamente se utilizan los fragmentos específicos (llamados «subunidades antigénicas») del virus o la bacteria que es indispensable que el sistema inmunitario reconozca. Las subunidades antigénicas suelen ser proteínas o hidratos de carbono. La mayoría de las vacunas que figuran en los calendarios de vacunación infantil son de este tipo y protegen a las personas de enfermedades como la tos ferina, el tétanos, la difteria y la meningitis meningocócica. Este tipo de vacunas solo incluye las partes del microorganismo que mejor estimulan al sistema inmunitario. En el caso de las desarrolladas contra la COVID-19 contienen generalmente, la proteína S o fragmentos de la misma como el Dominio de Unión al Receptor (RBD, por sus siglas en inglés).
    [Show full text]
  • INTERNATIONAL STUDENT COVID VACCINE LIST and COMMUNICATION Dear International Student
    INTERNATIONAL STUDENT COVID VACCINE LIST and COMMUNICATION Dear International Student We have provided a list of Selected Countries to help you find the COVID-19 vaccine you may have already received. Please see the “WHO” list below to find your COVID-19 vaccine, and if it has been APPROVED. And please upload your record following these directions: https://youtu.be/wvBGeRqIMHc If you see that your vaccine HAS NOT yet been approved by “WHO”, you may be required to receive an approved COVID-19 vaccine and upload those records to meet UC campus policy and requirements. Many US Airports are now providing COVID-19 vaccine on-site. Here is a list of several California Airports that you may arriving where you may receive a vaccine IMMEDIATELY upon your entry into the U.S. LAX – Los Angeles https://www.flylax.com/TravelSafely SNA – Orange County https://hoagurgentcare.com/airport/ SFO – San Francisco https://www.flysfo.com/travel-well/vaccination-site-sfo If you have any additional questions or concerns, please call (949)824-2300 for support. THANK YOU for helping to ensure UCI continues to be a SAFE and HEALTHY Campus! Dr Chang INDIA SOUTH KOREA TAIWAN INDONESIA VIETNAM JAPAN Vaccine Vaccine Vaccine Vaccine Vaccine Vaccine Oxford–AstraZeneca Oxford-AstraZeneca Sinovac Sputnik V Pfizer–BioNTech Covishield Pfizer–BioNTech Oxford–AstraZeneca Oxford–AstraZeneca Sinopharm Janssen Sinopharm Moderna Pfizer–BioNTech Moderna Pfizer–BioNTech Moderna Moderna Covaxin Novavax Moderna Johnson & Johnson Oxford–AstraZeneca Sputnik V Novavax Nanocovax Johnson & Johnson Sputnik V COVIVAC Sputnik V CanSino Vabiotech MVC-COV1901 ZyCoV-D Corbevax Covovax .
    [Show full text]