DOCSLIB.ORG

Presentation of XML Documents

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Presentation of XML Documents Presentation of XML Documents Patryk Czarnik Institute of Informatics University of Warsaw XML and Modern Techniques of Content Management – 2010/11 Stylesheets Separating content and presentation Associating style with document CSS Idea and applications CSS sheet structure Formatting XSL Presentation by transformation XSLT — Introduction XSL-FO Separating content and presentation I According to XML best practices documents contain: I content/data I markup for structure and meaning (semantical markup) I no formatting I How to present? I “hard-coded” interpretation of known document types I external style sheets Stylesheets idea <person position="starszy <personreferent position="> "starszy referent"> <name>Dawid</name> <name>Arkadiusz</name> <surname>Paszkiewicz</surname> <surname>Gierasimczyk</surname> <phone type="office">+48223213203 <phone type="off</telefon>ice">+48223213213</phone> <phone type="mobile">+48501502503 <phone type="mob</telefon>ile">+48501502503</phone> <email>[email protected] <email>gieras@su</email> perfirma.pll</email> </pracownik> </pracownik> * yellow backgorund * font 'Times 10pt' * blue font and border * 12pt for name * italic font for name * abbreviation before * typewritter font for email phone number Advantages of separating content and formatting I General advantages of semantical markup I better content understanding and easier analysis I Ability to show again I the same document after modification I another document of the same structure I Formatting managed in one place I easy to change look of whole class of documents I Ability to define many stylesheets for a document, depending on: I purpose I medium (screen, paper, voice) I detail level (full report, summary) I reader preferences (font size, colors, . ) Standards related to XML presentation I General: I Associating Style Sheets with XML documents I Stylesheet languages: I DSSSL (deprecated, applied to SGML) Document Style Semantics and Specification Language I CSS Cascading Style Sheets I XSL Extensible Stylesheet Language Associating Style Sheets with XML documents I W3C Recommendation I Processing instruction xml-stylesheet One stylesheet <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="default.xsl"?> Alternative stylesheets <?xml-stylesheet title="Blue" type="text/css" href="blue.css" ?> <?xml-stylesheet title="Yellow" alternate="yes" type="text/css" href="yellow.css" ?> <?xml-stylesheet title="Big fonts" alternate="yes" type="text/css" href="big.css" ?> Cascading Style Sheets I Style sheets idea beginnings: 1970s I motivation — different printer languages and properties I CSS beginnings: 1994 I CSS Level 1 Recommendation: December 1996 I CSS Level 2 Recommendation: May 1998 I implemented (more or less completly) in present-day internet browsers I CSS Level 3 — work still in progress: I modularisation, I new features. I CSS 2.1 — Candidate Recommendation: I CSS 2 corrected and made less ambiguous I also, a bit less ambitious (unsupported features thrown out) CSS applications I First and main application: style for WWW sites I Separation of content and formatting for HTML I Simple stylesheets for XML Ideologically important ! especially from Level 2 ! according to web accessibility I support for alternative presentation methods (e.g. voice) I enabling reader to provide her/his own style (e.g. larger font and contrast colors for people with eyesight disability) Example XML <department id="D07"> <name>Accountancy</name> <person position="accountant" id="102103"> <name>Dawid</name><surname>Paszkiewicz</surname> <phone type="office">+48223213203</phone> <phone type="mobile">+48501502503</phone> <email>[email protected]</email> </person> < person position="manager" id="102104"> <name>Monika</name><surname>Domzałowicz</surname>˙ <phone type="office">+48223213200</phone> <phone type="mobile">+48501502513</phone> <email>[email protected]</email> </person> ... </department> Example stylesheet person { display: block; margin: 10px auto 10px 30px; padding: 0.75em 1em; width: 200px; border-style: solid; border-width: 2px; border-color: #002288; background-color: #FFFFFF; } person[position=’manager’] { background-color: #DDFFDD; } name, surname { display: inline; font-size: larger; } person[position=’manager’] name { font-weight: bold; } Result of formatting Selectors I person — element name I name, surname — two elements I department name — descendant I department > name — child I A + B — element B directly following A I name:first-child — ‘name’ being first child I person[position] — test of attribute existence I person[position=’manager’] — attribute value test I person[position~=’manager’] — value is element of list I person#k12 — ID-type attribute value I ol.staff — equivalent to ol[class~=’staff’] (HTML specific). Style depending on media type Example @media print { person { background-color: white; font-family: serif; } } @media screen { person { background-color: yellow; font-family: sans-serif; } } @media all { person { border-style: solid; } } display property I Kind of visual object representing an element I Allowed values: inline, block, list-item, run-in inline-block table, table-cell,..., none I Basic property in case of XML visualisation I Rare exeplicit use for HTML (browsers know default values for HTML elements) Boxes and positions I Blocks nested according to nesting of elements in document I Blocks layout handled by CSS I Custom positioning possible I margin, padding — external and internal margins I border-style, border-color, border-width — border properties I position (static | relative | absolute | fixed)— positioning policy I left, right, top, bottom — position coordinates I width, height, min-width, max-height, . — size Boxes, margins, borders cite: W3C, CSS Level 2 Recommendation Margins and borders — example person { display: block; margin: 10px auto 10px 30px; padding: 0.75em 1em; width: 200px; border-style: solid; border-width: 2px; border-color: #002288; background-color: #FFFFFF; } Text and font properties I color, background-color, background-image — color and background, I font-family — name or generic family of font I font-size I font-style, font-weight I text-decoration I text-align Fonts and colors example company { display: block; background-color: #EEFFFF; color: rgb(0, 0, 33%); font-family: ’Bookman’, ’Times New Roman’, serif; font-size: 14pt; } company > name { font-size: 1.5em; font-family: ’Verdana’, ’Arial’, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; } department > name { font-size: 1.3em; font-family: ’Verdana’, ’Arial’, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; } Generated content I Ability to show text not occurring in document text content I Access to attribute values I Automatic numbering Example person:before { content: attr(position); } phone[type=’office’]:before { content: ’tel. ’; } phone[type=’mobile’]:before { content: ’kom. ’; } CSS capabilities and advantages I Great visual formatting capabilities I especially for single elements I Elements distinguished basing on I name I placement within document tree I existence and value of attributes I Support I internet browsers I authoring tools I Easy to write simple stylesheets :) CSS lacks and drawbacks I Only visualisation I no conversion to other formats I Some visual formatting issues I e.g. confusing block size computing (moreover, incorrectly performed in the most popular Web browser) I Not possible (CSS Level 2): I repeating the same content several times I distinguish elements basing on their contents I complex logical conditions I data processing (e.g. summing numeric values) I access to many documents at once I Some things require more work than they should, e.g.: I to show attribute values I to change elements order Presentation by transformation I In order to present a document, we can transform it into a format, that we know how to present. I Examples of “presentable” XML formats: I XHTML I XSL Formatting Objects Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) I First generation of recommendations (1999 and 2001): I XSL (general framework, XSL Formatting Objects language) I XSLT (transformation language) I XPath (expression language, in particular paths addressing document fragments) I XSL stylesheet — transformation from XML to XSL-FO I usually for a class of documents (XML application) I in practice, transformation to other formats, often (X)HTML XSL Idea cite: W3C, XSL 1.0 XSLT — status I Created within XSL I Applications beyond XML visualisation I Version 1.0: I October 1999, connected with XPath 1.0 I good support in tools and libraries I Version 2.0: I January 2007, connected with XPath 2.0 and XQuery 1.0, I new features I less software support XSLT — support I XSLT 2.0 processors: I Saxon I Java and .NET libraries, command-line applications I free (Open Source) basic version I commercial schema aware version I XML Spy (commercial windows application) I XSLT 1.0 processors: I internet browsers I Xalan (Java and C++ libraries) I xsltproc, part of libxml (C, basically for Linux) I XML extensions of database engines I ... I Authoring tools I raw text editors and programmer environments (e.g. Eclipse) I specialised tools — rather paid (e.g. XML Spy, oXygen). XSLT — sheet example 1/2 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:output method="html" encoding="utf-8" /> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <head> <title>Staff list</title> </head> <body> <h1>Staff list</h1> <ul> <xsl:apply-templates select="//person"/> </ul> </body> </html> </xsl:template>
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Presentation of XML Documents
    Presentation of XML Documents Patryk Czarnik Institute of Informatics University of Warsaw XML and Modern Techniques of Content Management – 2012/13 Stylesheets Separation of content and formatting Separating content and formatting According to XML best practices, documents should contain: “pure” content / data markup for structure and meaning (“semantic” or “descriptive” markup) no formatting How to present? “hard-coded” interpretation of known document types, e.g. Libre Office rendering Writer document importing or pasting content into word processor or DTP tool and manual or automatic formatting, e.g. Adobe InDesign approach external style sheets Patryk Czarnik 05 – Presentation XML 2012/13 4 / 1 Idea of stylesheet <person id="102103" position="specialist"><person id="102105" position="assistant"> <first-name>Dawid</first-name> <first-name>Arkadiusz</first-name> <last-name>Paszkiewicz</last-name> <last-name>Gierasimczyk</last-name> <phone type="office">+48223213203</phone> <phone type="office">+48223213213</phone> <phone type="fax">+48223213200</phone> <phone type="mobile">+48501502503</phone> <email>[email protected]</email> <email>[email protected]</email> </person> </person> * font 'Times 10pt' * yellow backgorund * 12pt for name * blue font and border * abbreviation before * italic font for name phone number * typewritter font for email Stylesheets Separation of content and formatting Benefits of content and formatting separation General advantages of descriptive markup better content understanding and easier analysis Ability to present in the same way: the same document after modification another document of the same structure Formatting managed in one place easy to change style of whole class of documents Ability to define many stylesheets for a document class, depending on purpose and expectations: medium (screen / paper / voice) expected number of details (full report / summary) reader preferences (font size, colors, .
    [Show full text]
  • Refactoring XSLT
    XSLT and XQuery September 19, 2019 Refactoring XSLT Priscilla Walmsley, Datypic, Inc. Class Outline Introduction ......................................................................................................................................2 Cleaning Up......................................................................................................................................9 Improving Code Quality..................................................................................................................14 Other Improvements.......................................................................................................................21 Introduction 2 Obligatory Wikipedia Quote 3 Code refactoring is the process of restructuring existing computer code - changing the factoring - without changing its external behavior. Refactoring improves nonfunctional attributes of the software. Advantages include improved code readability and reduced complexity; these can improve source code maintainability and create a more expressive internal architecture or object model to improve extensibility. Typically, refactoring applies a series of standardised basic micro-refactorings, each of which is (usually) a tiny change in a computer program's source code that either preserves the behaviour of the software, or at least does not modify its conformance to functional requirements. Many development environments provide automated support for performing the mechanical aspects of these basic refactorings. If done extremely well, code
    [Show full text]
  • SVG-Based Knowledge Visualization
    MASARYK UNIVERSITY FACULTY}w¡¢£¤¥¦§¨ OF I !"#$%&'()+,-./012345<yA|NFORMATICS SVG-based Knowledge Visualization DIPLOMA THESIS Miloš Kaláb Brno, spring 2012 Declaration Hereby I declare, that this paper is my original authorial work, which I have worked out by my own. All sources, references and literature used or excerpted during elaboration of this work are properly cited and listed in complete reference to the due source. Advisor: RNDr. Tomáš Gregar Ph.D. ii Acknowledgement I would like to thank RNDr. Tomáš Gregar Ph.D. for supervising the thesis. His opinions, comments and advising helped me a lot with accomplishing this work. I would also like to thank to Dr. Daniel Sonntag from DFKI GmbH. Saarbrücken, Germany, for the opportunity to work for him on the Medico project and for his supervising of the thesis during my erasmus exchange in Germany. Big thanks also to Jochen Setz from Dr. Sonntag’s team who worked on the server background used by my visualization. Last but not least, I would like to thank to my family and friends for being extraordinary supportive. iii Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze the visualization of semantic data and sug- gest an approach to general visualization into the SVG format. Afterwards, the approach is to be implemented in a visualizer allowing user to customize the visualization according to the nature of the data. The visualizer was integrated as an extension of Fresnel Editor. iv Keywords Semantic knowledge, SVG, Visualization, JavaScript, Java, XML, Fresnel, XSLT v Contents Introduction . .3 1 Brief Introduction to the Related Technologies ..........5 1.1 XML – Extensible Markup Language ..............5 1.1.1 XSLT – Extensible Stylesheet Lang.
    [Show full text]
  • Create an HTML Output from Your Own Project with XSLT
    Create an HTML output from your own project with XSLT Martina Semlak - Georg Vogeler IDE Spring School 2015, Graz Folie 2 IDE Spring School 2015, Graz Minimal stuff provided <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xpath-default-namespace="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" version="2.0"> <xsl:output method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="yes" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes" /> </xsl:stylesheet> Folie 3 IDE Spring School 2015, Graz First step Grab file xsl:template with the attribute: match="/" This template can contain the basic HTML structure of the ouput file Folie 4 IDE Spring School 2015, Graz HTML basics – Reminder <html> <head><title></title><link (e.g. for a css)></head> <body></body> </html> We added this into <xsl:template match="/"> </xsl:template> Folie 5 IDE Spring School 2015, Graz Display text We have prepared basic HTML structure for you: header, section, nav > ul = navigation with references to other files We need a heading for the whole text: html: section > h3 xsl: xsl:value-of, attribute select with the appropriate xpath: //body/head div seems to be convenient to retain: do something with all divs: <xsl:apply-templates select="//body/div"/> what to do: <xsl:template match="div"> <div><xsl:apply-templates /></div> </xsl:template> Folie 6 IDE Spring School 2015, Graz XPath conditions Use a condition in the XPath (square brackets) for html: body/header > h1 and h2: find the appropriate title-element with type main or sub <h1> <xsl:value-of select="//title[@type='main']"/> </h1> Folie 7 IDE Spring School 2015, Graz <apply-templates />: individual templates xsl:template match="lg" div class="stanza" xsl:template match="l" <br/>..
    [Show full text]
  • Release Notes for the Docbook XSL Stylesheets I
    Release Notes for the DocBook XSL Stylesheets i Release Notes for the DocBook XSL Stylesheets Release Notes for the DocBook XSL Stylesheets ii Contents 1 Release Notes: snapshot 1 2 Release Notes: 1.79.2 1 3 Release Notes: 1.79.1 1 3.1 Gentext . .1 3.2 Common . .2 3.3 FO...........................................................4 3.4 HTML.........................................................9 3.5 Manpages . 13 3.6 Epub.......................................................... 14 3.7 HTMLHelp . 16 3.8 Eclipse . 16 3.9 JavaHelp . 16 3.10 Slides . 17 3.11 Website . 17 3.12 Webhelp . 18 3.13 Params . 18 3.14 Profiling . 20 3.15Lib........................................................... 20 3.16 Tools . 20 3.17 Template . 21 3.18 Extensions . 21 4 Release Notes: 1.79.0 21 4.1 Gentext . 22 4.2 Common . 23 4.3 FO........................................................... 24 4.4 HTML......................................................... 29 4.5 Manpages . 34 4.6 Epub.......................................................... 35 4.7 HTMLHelp . 36 4.8 Eclipse . 36 4.9 JavaHelp . 37 4.10 Slides . 37 4.11 Website . 38 4.12 Webhelp . 38 4.13 Params . 39 Release Notes for the DocBook XSL Stylesheets iii 4.14 Profiling . 40 4.15Lib........................................................... 40 4.16 Tools . 40 4.17 Template . 41 4.18 Extensions . 42 5 Release Notes: 1.78.1 42 5.1 Common . 42 5.2 FO........................................................... 43 5.3 HTML......................................................... 43 5.4 Manpages . 44 5.5 Webhelp . 44 5.6 Params . 44 5.7 Highlighting . 44 6 Release Notes: 1.78.0 44 6.1 Gentext . 45 6.2 Common . 45 6.3 FO........................................................... 46 6.4 HTML......................................................... 47 6.5 Manpages .
    [Show full text]
  • XSL-FO by Dave Pawson Publisher
    XSL-FO By Dave Pawson Publisher : O'Reilly Pub Date : August 2002 ISBN : 0-596-00355-2 Pages : 282 Table of • Contents • Index • Reviews Reader • Reviews Extensible Style Language-Formatting Objects, or XSL-FO, is a set of tools developers and web designers use to describe page printouts of their XML (including XHTML) documents. XSL-FO teaches you how to think about the formatting of your documents and guides you through the questions you'll need to ask to ensure that your printed documents meet the same high standards as your computer-generated content. 777 Copyright Preface Who Should Read This Book? What Does This Book Cover? Motivation Organization of This Book What Else Do You Need? Conventions Used in This Book How to Contact Us Acknowledgments Chapter 1. Planning for XSL-FO Section 1.1. XML and Document Processing Section 1.2. Choosing Your Print Production Approach Section 1.3. Choosing Tools Section 1.4. The Future for XSL-FO Chapter 2. A First Look at XSL-FO Section 2.1. An XSL-FO Overview Section 2.2. Related Stylesheet Specifications Section 2.3. Using XSL-FO as Part of XSL Section 2.4. Shorthand, Short Form, and Inheritance Chapter 3. Pagination Section 3.1. Document Classes Section 3.2. The Main Parts of an XSL-FO Document Section 3.3. Simple Page Master Section 3.4. Complex Pagination Section 3.5. Page Sequences Chapter 4. Areas Section 4.1. Informal Definition of an Area Section 4.2. Area Types Section 4.3. Components of an Area Section 4.4.
    [Show full text]
  • Using XSL and Mod Transform in Apache Applications
    Using XSL and mod_transform in Apache Applications Paul Querna [email protected] What is XSL? ● Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) ● A family of Standards for XML by the W3C: – XSL Transformations (XSLT) – XML Path Language (Xpath) – XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO) XSLT Example <?xml version="1.0"?> <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <head><title>A Message</title></head> <body> <h1> <xsl:value-of select="message" /> </h1> </body> </html> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> Data Source... <?xml version="1.0"?> <message>Hello World</message> Outputs... <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>A Message</title> </head> <body> <h1>Hello World</h1> </body> </html> Why is XSLT good? ● Mixing Data and Presentation is bad! – Keeps Data in a clean XML schema – Keeps the Presentation of this Data separate ● XSLT is XML ● Easy to Extend ● Put HTML or other Markups directly in the XSLT. – Easy for Web Developers to create a template Why is XSLT bad? ● XSLT is XML ● Complicated XSLT can be slow ● Yet another language to learn Where does Apache fit in this? ● Apache 2.0 has Filters! Input Handlers Client Filters (Perl, PHP, Proxy, File) Output Filters mod_include (SSI) mod_transform (XSLT) mod_deflate (gzip) mod_transform ● Uses libXML2 and libXSLT from Gnome – C API ● Doesn't depend on other Gnome Libs. – Provides: ● EXSLT ● XInclude ● XPath ● Xpointer ● ... and more Static XML Files ● AddOutputFilter XSLT .xml ● TransformSet /xsl/foo.xsl – Only if your XML does not specify a XSL File ● TransformOptions +ApacheFS – Uses Sub-Requests to find files – Makes mod_transform work like Apache AxKit Dynamic Sources ● XML Content Types: – AddOutputFilterByType XSLT application/xml ● Controlled Content Types: – AddOutputFilterByType XSLT applicain/needs- xslt ● Works for Proxied Content, PHP, mod_perl, mod_python, CGI, SSI, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) Boston Specification
    Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) Boston Specification Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) Boston Specification W3C Working Draft 15 November 1999 This version: http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WD-smil-boston-19991115 Latest version: http://www.w3.org/TR/smil-boston Previous version: http://www.w3.org/1999/08/WD-smil-boston-19990820 Editors: Jeff Ayars (RealNetworks), Aaron Cohen (Intel), Ken Day (Macromedia), Erik Hodge (RealNetworks), Philipp Hoschka (W3C), Rob Lanphier (RealNetworks), Nabil Layaïda (INRIA), Jacco van Ossenbruggen (CWI), Lloyd Rutledge (CWI), Bridie Saccocio (RealNetworks), Patrick Schmitz (Microsoft), Warner ten Kate (Philips), Ted Wugofski (Gateway), Jin Yu (Compaq), Thierry Michel (W3C). Copyright © 1999 W3C ® (MIT, INRIA, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark, document use and software licensing rules apply. Abstract This document specifies the "Boston" version of the Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL, pronounced "smile"). SMIL Boston has the following two design goals: Define a simple XML-based language that allows authors to write interactive multimedia presentations. Using SMIL Boston, an author can describe the temporal behavior of a multimedia presentation, associate hyperlinks with media objects and describe the layout of the presentation on a screen. Allow reusing of SMIL syntax and semantics in other XML-based languages, in particular those who need to represent timing and synchronization. For example, SMIL Boston components should be used for integrating timing into XHTML [XHTML10]. Status of this document This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of this document series is maintained at the W3C. 1 Available formats This document is the second working draft of the specification for the next version of SMIL code-named "Boston".
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to XSL Max Froumentin - W3C
    Introduction to XSL Max Froumentin - W3C l Introduction to XSL l XSL and other W3C specs l XML Documents l Transformations: XSLT l Styling XML Documents l General-purpose XSLT l XSL l Templates l Example I: Hamlet l XSLT statements l Example II: Mixed Writing Modes l "Play" to HTML l Example III: database l XPath l Other Examples l Formatting Objects basics l How do they do that? l Pages l The XSL Process(es) l The area model l Server-Side/Client-Side XSL l Block/inline areas Introduction to XSL Max Froumentin - W3C l Formatting Objects: l Properties l Example: Play to FO l Top-level Template l I18N Formatting Objects and Properties l Other Formatting Objects l Example: mixed writing modes l If you are still interested... Introduction to XSL In a nutshell: XSL is a W3C specification that describes a method for visually presenting XML documents. This tutorial will cover: l An overview of the XSL spec (including XSLT and XPath) l Examples of various use cases l Relationship with other XML technologies l A detailed example These slides are available at http://www.w3.org/People/maxf/XSLideMaker/ Introduction to XSL Max Froumentin - W3C 1 of 30 XML Documents l XML (eXtensible Markup Language) adds information to text files, using tags and attributes [example1], [example2] l Tag names are defined for a specific document type. l Uses the Unicode character set l Designed to be easily processed by machine while remaining readable. Introduction to XSL Max Froumentin - W3C 2 of 30 Styling XML Documents l XML documents are ideally semantic.
    [Show full text]
  • Using XML, XSL, and CSS in a Digital Library
    Using XML, XSLT, and CSS in a Digital Library Timothy W. Cole, William H. Mischo, Robert Ferrer, and Thomas G. Habing Grainger Engineering Library Information Center University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Abstract The functionality of formats available for the online representation of text continues to evolve. ASCII and bit-mapped image representations of text objects (e.g., journal articles) have been superceded by more functional representations such as application- specific word processing formats and proprietary and non-proprietary information interchange formats (e.g., Adobe PDF, Microsoft RTF, TeX, SGML). Standards like SGML and now XML, which support the representation of a text as an “ordered hierarchy of content objects,” are arguably the best and most sophisticated models available for representing text objects.1 Ratified as an international standard in 1989, SGML has become a well-established approach for encoding text. However SGML’s complexity and requirements for specialized and expensive tools to implement SGML- based systems have limited its scope as an information interchange standard, particularly in today’s Web-dominated environment. XML, established as a W3 Consortium Recommendation in February 1998, strives to make the best features of SGML more accessible to Web authors and publishers, but the XML specification itself doesn't explicitly deal with the presentation of content, nor does it address document object transformation. These issues must be addressed through the use of CSS and XSLT (both more recent W3 Consortium Recommendations). It is necessary to use these three technologies in concert to create powerful and robust text applications on the Web. This paper describes how XML, XSLT, and CSS can be used in a digital library application.
    [Show full text]
  • The Code4lib Journal – for Video Streaming/Delivery: Is HTML5 the Real Fix?
    Issue 22, 2013­10­14 ISSN 1940­5758 For Video Streaming/Delivery: Is HTML5 the Real Fix? The general movement towards streaming or playing videos on the web has grown exponentially in the last decade. The combination of new streaming technologies and faster Internet connections continue to provide enhanced and robust user experience for video content. For many organizations, adding videos on their websites has transitioned from a “cool” feature to a mission critical service. Some of the benefits in putting videos online include: to engage and convert visitors, to raise awareness or drive interest, to share inspirational stories or recent unique events, etc. Along with the growth in the use and need for video content on the web; delivering videos online also remains a messy activity for developers and web teams. Examples of existing challenges include creating more accessible videos with captions and delivering content (using adaptive streaming) for the diverse range of mobile and tablet devices. In this article, we report on the decision­ making and early results in using the Kaltura video platform in two popular library platforms: CONTENTdm and DSpace. by Elías Tzoc and John Millard Introduction The video market share on the web is such that some tech companies such as Cisco are now predicting that online video will surpass social media in popularity by 2017. For universities, creating and delivering video content has also gained attention in the last few years, especially for those moving into hybrid (online and face­to­face) types of classes and e­ learning initiatives. As for library content, the digitization of collections originally stored on reel­to­reel, VHS or DVD along with the creation of new video content like oral histories, has created new opportunities to deliver video content on the web.
    [Show full text]
  • Functional Extensions for Animation And
    Presentation Dynamism in XML Functional Programming meets SMIL Animation Patrick Schmitz Simon Thompson Peter King Ludicrum Enterprises Computing Laboratory Department of Computer Science San Francisco, CA, USA University of Kent University of Manitoba Winnipeg, MB, Canada [email protected] Canterbury, Kent, UK +44 1227 823820 +1 204 474 9935 [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT structure and semantics of declarative languages, and often cannot The move towards a semantic web will produce an increasing easily integrate imperative content extensions. Similarly, the use number of presentations whose creation is based upon semantic of script or code is problematic in data-driven content models queries. Intelligent presentation generation engines have already based upon XML and associated tools. begun to appear, as have models and platforms for adaptive In this paper we will motivate and describe a set of XML [10] presentations. However, in many cases these models are language extensions that will enhance these language standards. constrained by the lack of expressiveness in current generation The specific extensions are inspired by constructions from presentation and animation languages. Moreover, authors of functional programming languages, and include: dynamic, adaptive web content must often use considerable • attribute values defined as dynamically evaluated amounts of script or code, thus breaking the declarative expressions, description possible in the original presentation language. Furthermore, the scripting/coding approach does not lend itself to • custom (or ‘author defined’) events based on predicate authoring by non-programmers. In this paper we describe a set of expressions, XML language extensions that bring tools from the functional • parameterized templates for document content.
    [Show full text]