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Home , Boucher Trail, Bright Angel Trail, Grandview Trail, North Bass Trail

National Park Service National Park PO Box 129 U.S. Department of the Interior Science and Resource Grand Canyon, AZ 86023 Management

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE INFORMATION DISCLOSURE POLICY Commercial Use Authorizations

This disclosure policy was developed as a preservation tool to protect archaeological sites. The policy is designed to concentrate visitation on archaeological sites that have been researched, stabilized and interpreted, thus reducing impacts to more fragile sites. Following appropriate etiquette (reverse) which will reduce the accumulated effects associated with repeated visitation is an essential component to the success of this policy. Commercial guides and their clients may visit Class I sites without conditions and Class II sites under certain conditions (see below); however, inappropriate behaviors and activities on any archaeological site is a violation of all Commercial Use Authorizations. Commercially guided groups may not visit Class III and Class IV archaeological sites.

This list of Class I and Class II sites is reviewed and updated annually. It is the responsibility of individual Commercial Use Authorization holders to disseminate site etiquette information to all company employees and to insure that guides are relaying this information to all clients prior to visiting archaeological sites. Etiquette for visiting archaeological sites follows closely the principles of Leave-no-Trace, widely adhered to by outdoor recreationists in the .

Class I Archaeological Sites: Class I sites are open to Class II Archaeological Sites: Class II sites are more general visitation and their locations can be readily fragile and vulnerable to visitor impacts than Class I sites. disclosed to the public. Grand Canyon National Park has Visitors may request information about how to access and managed Class I archaeological sites specifically to visit Class II sites. Commercial Use Authorization (CUA) withstand greater volumes of visitors and to provide holders may disclose the location of Class II archaeological opportunities for interpretation. Class I sites are often sites only upon specific request by a client that includes site marked on maps, are described in widely available guide name or location. Sharing the list of Class II sites with clients books and have a long history of visitation. is a violation of CUA conditions, and more importantly defeats the park’s effort to protect more fragile site locations.

Rims and Inner Canyon Bass’ Camp, South Bass Trailhead (B:15:0099) Rims and Inner Canyon Mallery's Grotto, (B:16:0064) Uncle Jim’s Cave (Harvey Meadow, North Rim)(B:16:0072) Bright Angel Ruin, (B:16:0001) Boucher's Cabin, (B:16:0049) Cliff Spring Ruin, Cape Royal Rd, North Rim (C:13:0077) Historic Hermit Camp, (B:16:0138) Walhalla Ruin, Cape Royal Rd, North Rim (C:13:0081) Clear Creek Ruin, Clear Creek Drainage (B:16:0004) Transept Trail Ruin, North Rim developed area (B:16:0071) Bass’ Shinumo Camp, Shinumo Creek, Hist. Dist., (C:13:0008) (B:15:0049) Cave of the Domes, Horseshoe Mesa (C:13:0082) Garden Creek site, Bright Angel Trail below Indian Garden, Tusayan Ruin, Desert View Drive (C:13:0124) northwest side of creek (B:16:1221)

Colorado River FM Brown Inscription, RM 12 L (C:06:0002) Marble Canyon Dam site, above the Redwall (C:09:0141) USGS rock hammer, RM 15.9 R (C:06:0004) Nankoweap Ruin on Delta, RM 53.2 R (C:09:0188) South Canyon Ruins, RM 31.5 R (C:05:0001) Tanner-McCormick Mine, RM 65.5 L (C:13:0098) Bert Loper's boat, RM 41.5 R (C:09:0034) Pueblo ruins above Tanner petroglyph boulders, RM Graves at President Harding rapid, RM 43.6 L (C:09:0030) 68.3 R (C:13:0034) Willie Taylor's Grave, RM 44.8 L (C:09:0031) Rock Art boulders at Tanner river camp, RM 68.3 R Nankoweap Granaries, RM52.3 R (C:09:0001) (C:13:0132) Beamer’s Cabin, RM 60.5 L (C:13:0004) Site above Shinumo river camp, RM 108.3 R (B:15:0001) Hilltop Ruin (Cardenas), RM 71 L (C:13:0002) Rockshelter across from Deer Creek Falls, RM 136.3 L Unkar Delta Ruins, RM 72.5 R (C:13:0001) (B:10:0004) Ross Wheeler, RM 107.6 L (B:15:0096) Deer Creek pictographs, RM 136.3 R (B:10:0005) Parkin's Inscription, RM 107.8 R (B:15:0124) Backeddy, RM 137.4 L (B:10:0001) Plaque at Separation Canyon, RM 239.6 R (G:02:0103) Whitmore Rock Art Panel, RM 187.6 R (A:16:0001) Indian Canyon, RM 206.6 R ( G:03:0004)

EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA ™ The National Park Service cares for special places saved by the American people so that all may experience our heritage.

ETIQUETTE FOR VISITING ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK Page 2

In Grand Canyon National Park, 12,000 years of human history, remote canyons and dry conditions have resulted in an astounding number and diversity of archaeological sites. Site etiquette is a set of tools that when carefully followed, will help preserve fragile archaeological sites. Grand Canyon commercial operators are the cornerstone to cultivating a special awareness of these sites and most importantly to teaching site etiquette to thousands of visitors every year. For the sake of future preservation and compliance with federal laws, we are all responsible for avoiding damage to archaeological sites.

When guiding clients to Class I and Class II archaeological sites, practice the following etiquette:

 Plan Ahead o Review this site disclosure policy before every trip and insure that you bring a copy with you. o Create your own checklist of Leave No Trace principles and site etiquette prior to heading out on your trip and review these with your clients prior to visiting an archaeological site. o Be prepared to be the first into the site in order to point out sensitive features (artifacts, walls) to be avoided and remember to be the last out.

 Travel and Camp On Durable Surfaces o Guide small groups. Often you will want to seek out durable surfaces to assemble and talk to your group before heading to a site rather than talking at length “in” the actual site. o Demonstrate leadership by being in control of your group at all times. o Flat camp sites free of vegetation are in short supply, and they always have been. Ask knowledgeable guides and trip leaders to help identify surface artifacts and other archaeological remains. Often campable surfaces near water have been used repeatedly for many centuries. Build time into your day to scout camp sites and move your camp location if necessary to avoid archaeological sites. o Do not pitch a tent, cook or stage camping gear on an archaeological site. Artifacts and subtle features like fire hearths can be irreversibly damaged. o Due to their age and exposure to erosion, archaeological sites are very fragile. Walls crumble and topple easily; most have never been stabilized. Walk carefully and avoid stepping on walls, artifacts and easily eroded slopes.

 Dispose Of Waste Properly o Avoid eating meals or snacks while in an archaeological site. Crumbs will attract wildlife which will lead to further disturbance such as rodent digging and nesting. o When going to the bathroom, ensure you are not in an archaeological site. Scout your camp in the daylight to select suitable bathroom locations. Remember dispose of waste at least 200 feet from archaeological sites, dry washes, camps, trails and water.

 Leave What You Find o Discourage unnecessary handling of surface artifacts. o After visiting a known archaeological site, everything should be in its original location. Once picked up from the ground, artifacts lose their context -- relationship to other artifacts -- and scientific value. Do not create artifact collection piles. Do not remove artifacts – each one contributes to the overall integrity of the site. It is illegal to be in possession of artifacts and natural objects in a national park. o Enjoy petroglyphs and pictographs from a distance of 3 feet or more to avoid the natural temptation to touch. Oils from human skin can degrade pigments and rock surfaces. Never deface rock imagery by adding your own or enhancing pictograph or petroglyph elements for photography.

 Be Considerate Of Other Visitors o Think about the next person to visit the site. If they see evidence of your passing like crushed plants, tramped ground, stacked rocks, litter or social trails, their experience will be greatly diminished. o Did you know that 11 modern-day American Indian tribes maintain connections to Grand Canyon’s archeological sites as a direct link to their history and ancestors? By respecting those beliefs you will help preserve and protect archeological sites and the cultural values they hold for associated tribes.

A number of archaeological sites are closed to visitation including the Salt Mines below the mouth of the Little Colorado River, Furnace Flats upstream from Unkar Delta, Anasazi Bridge in Marble Canyon and a portion of the water course in the Deer Creek narrows.

Each year, archeologists and law enforcement rangers actively monitor hundreds of archaeological sites, some of which have been inadvertently impacted or intentionally damaged. Archaeological sites in national parks are protected by federal laws. The National Historic Preservation Act and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act prohibit the excavation, removal, damage, alteration or defacing of archaeological remains. If you witness illegal activity, write down the following: location, time and nature of activity, description of the person (s), their gear and if possible their vehicle and license plate. Report ASAP to the Grand Canyon National Park dispatch center at (928) 638-7805.

EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA ™ The National Park Service cares for special places saved by the American people so that all may experience our heritage.