Historical Data Review for Sam Rayburn Reservoir
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Historical Data Review for Sam Rayburn Reservoir Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................... i 1.0 Introduction ......................................................... 1-1 1.1 Project Overview and Objectives ..................................... 1-1 1.2 Watershed and Impairment Overviews ................................. 1-2 1.3 TCEQ Water Quality Standards ..................................... 1-6 2.0 Data Inventory ........................................................ 2-1 2.1 Geographic and Monitoring Data .................................... 2-1 2.2 Additional Reports and Information ................................... 2-2 3.0 Watershed Characteristics .............................................. 3-1 3.1 General Information .............................................. 3-1 3.2 Geology ....................................................... 3-3 3.3 Soils .......................................................... 3-3 3.4 Climate ........................................................ 3-3 3.5 Landuse ....................................................... 3-7 3.6 Ecological Characterization ........................................ 3-10 Appendix 3A ...........................................................3A-1 4.0 Reservoir Characteristics ............................................... 4-1 4.1 Hydraulics ...................................................... 4-1 4.1.1 Reservoir Operations ...................................... 4-1 4.1.2 Water Surface Elevation .................................... 4-2 4.2 Sam Rayburn Reservoir TRACS Water Quality Data ...................... 4-4 4.2.1 TRACS Monitoring Stations at Sam Rayburn Reservoir ............ 4-6 4.2.2 Water Quality Data Analysis ................................. 4-9 4.2.2.1 Dissolved Oxygen and Nutrients ....................... 4-9 4.2.2.2 Metals and Dioxin ................................ 4-16 4.2.2.3 Bacteria ........................................ 4-21 4.2.2.4 Conventional Parameters ........................... 4-22 4.2.3 Impairment Summary ..................................... 4-25 4.3 Sam Rayburn Reservoir STORET Water Quality Data .................... 4-28 4.3.1 STORET Monitoring Stations at Sam Rayburn Reservoir .......... 4-28 4.3.2 Water Quality Data Analysis ................................ 4-31 4.3.2.1 Dissolved Oxygen and Nutrients ...................... 4-31 4.3.2.2 Metals and Dioxin ................................ 4-34 4.3.2.3 Fecal Coliform Bacteria ............................ 4-34 4.3.2.4 Conventional Parameters ........................... 4-35 4.3.3 Impairment Analysis ...................................... 4-37 4.3.3.1 Impairment Summary (Based on STORET Data) ......... 4-37 Appendix 4A ...........................................................4A-1 Appendix 4B ...........................................................4B-1 Appendix 4C ...........................................................4C-1 Appendix 4D ...........................................................4D-1 5.0 Stream Characteristics ................................................. 5-1 5.1 Flow .......................................................... 5-1 5.1.1 Monitoring Stations ........................................ 5-1 June 2003 i Historical Data Review for Sam Rayburn Reservoir 5.1.2 Temporal Summary ........................................ 5-5 5.2 TRACS Water Quality Data for Segments 0611 and 0612 ................. 5-11 5.2.1 Monitoring Stations ....................................... 5-11 5.2.2 Water Quality Data Analysis ................................ 5-15 5.2.2.1 Dissolved Oxygen and Nutrients ...................... 5-15 5.2.2.2 Metals and Dioxin ................................ 5-19 5.2.2.3 Bacteria ........................................ 5-21 5.2.2.4 Conventional Parameters ........................... 5-22 5.2.3 Impairment Summary ..................................... 5-24 5.3 STORET Water Quality Data for Segments 0611 and 0612 ................ 5-27 5.3.1 STORET Monitoring Stations for the Tributaries to the Sam Rayburn Reservoir ................................... 5-27 5.3.2 Water Quality Data Analysis for Segment 0611 and 0612 .......... 5-30 5.3.2.1 Dissolved Oxygen and Nutrients ...................... 5-30 5.3.2.2 Metals and Dioxin ................................ 5-34 5.3.2.3 Bacteria ........................................ 5-36 5.3.2.4 Conventional Parameters ........................... 5-36 5.3.3 Impairment Summary ..................................... 5-39 Appendix 5A ...........................................................5A-1 Appendix 5B ...........................................................5B-1 6.0 Source Assessment ..................................................... 6-1 6.1 Nonpoint Sources ................................................ 6-1 6.1.1 Agriculture .............................................. 6-1 6.1.1.1 Crop Distribution .................................. 6-3 6.1.1.2 Livestock Management .............................. 6-3 6.1.1.3 Silviculture ....................................... 6-5 6.1.2 Urban .................................................. 6-7 6.1.2.1 Population Centers ................................. 6-7 6.1.2.2 Landfills ......................................... 6-8 6.1.2.3 On Site Sewage Facilities ............................ 6-8 6.2 Point Sources ................................................... 6-11 6.2.1 Permitted Facility Overview ................................. 6-11 6.2.2 Permit Limits and Discharge Monitoring Report Data ............. 6-17 6.2.3 Permit Limits Exceedances ................................. 6-18 Appendix 6 ............................................................. 6-19 7.0 Preliminary Model Selection ............................................. 7-1 7.1 Selection Criteria ................................................. 7-1 7.1.1 Technical Criteria ......................................... 7-1 7.1.1.1 Physical Domain ................................... 7-1 7.1.1.2 Critical Conditions ................................. 7-2 7.1.1.3 Constituents ...................................... 7-2 7.1.1.4 Source Contributions ................................ 7-3 7.1.2 Regulatory Criteria ........................................ 7-3 7.1.3 User Criteria ............................................. 7-4 7.2 Proposed Modeling Approach ....................................... 7-4 7.2.1 Proposed Approach ........................................ 7-4 7.2.2 LSPC ................................................... 7-5 June 2003 ii Historical Data Review for Sam Rayburn Reservoir 7.2.3 EFDC .................................................. 7-5 8.0 Conclusions .......................................................... 8-1 8.1 Sam Rayburn Reservoir (Segment 0610 and 0615) ........................ 8-1 8.2 Tributaries to Sam Rayburn Reservoir (Segment 0611 and 0612) ............. 8-2 9.0 References ........................................................... 9-1 June 2003 iii Historical Data Review for Sam Rayburn Reservoir 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Project Overview and Objectives Tetra Tech, Inc. (Tt) and its subcontractors (Tetra Tech-MFG, Angelina and Neches River Authority (ANRA), Lopez Garcia Group (LGG), and Diane Sheridan) are supporting the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) in its effort to determine the Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for the segments of Sam Rayburn Reservoir listed for aluminum, dissolved oxygen, and pH impairments. These listings are based on Texas’s 2000 and 2002 Clean Water Act section 303(d) lists of impaired waters. The Tt team is also supporting investigations of other possible pollutants impacting the reservoir. The objectives of the project are as follows: 1. Develop information necessary for the TCEQ to determine whether the segments are meeting applicable water quality standards. 2. Develop information necessary for the TCEQ to determine whether the existing designated uses and criteria are appropriate and, if not, develop information necessary for the TCEQ to change the designated use and/or applicable criteria. 3. Develop information necessary to support modeling and assessment activities for allocating pollutant loadings for all segments where water quality standards are not being met. 4. Perform the modeling and assessment activities necessary to allocate the loadings of the constituents of concern for all segments where water quality standards are not being met. 5. Provide technical assistance to the TCEQ in the evaluation of actions necessary to achieve the recommended loading allocations for all segments where water quality standards are not being met. 6. Document, compile, and summarize technical analyses in reports to the TCEQ. 7. Provide support to the TCEQ for public participation/education. This report, the Historical Data Review, is a summary and evaluation of the existing data available to characterize the two 303(d)-listed segments in the Sam Rayburn Reservoir, as well as the contributing tributaries. The report satisfies the first objectives of the project. The Tt team has identified key information and data sources relevant to the Sam Rayburn Reservoir and its contributing watershed. All available data and information for the watershed have been compiled, including data related to water quality, point sources, land use and land cover, land characteristics, meteorology, flow, and reservoir water levels. The information compiled in this document assesses current levels and trends of dissolved