APPLICATION of DIGITAL STORYTELLING for IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILLS in CHINESE UNIVERSITY EFL STUDENTS Qiwei

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APPLICATION of DIGITAL STORYTELLING for IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILLS in CHINESE UNIVERSITY EFL STUDENTS Qiwei APPLICATION OF DIGITAL STORYTELLING FOR IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILLS IN CHINESE UNIVERSITY EFL STUDENTS Qiwei Wei A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English Language Studies Suranaree University of Technology Academic Year 2017 การประยุกต์ใช้การเล่าเรื่องด้วยสื่อดจิ ทิ ัลเพื่อพฒั นาทักษะการพูด ส าหรับนักศึกษาระดับมหาวิทยาลัยชาวจีนที่เรียนภาษาอังกฤษ ในฐานะภาษาต่างประเทศ นายชี่เหว่ย เหว่ วทิ ยานิพนธ์นีเ้ ป็นส่วนหนึ่งของการศึกษาตามหลกั สูตรปริญญาศิลปศาสตรดุษฎีบัณฑิต สาขาวิชาภาษาอังกฤษศึกษา มหาวทิ ยาลยั เทคโนโลยสี ุรนารี ปีการศึกษา 2560 APPLICATION OF DIGITAL STORYTELLING FOR IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILLS IN CHINESE UNIVERSITY EFL STUDENTS Suranaree University of Technology has approved this thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Thesis Examining Committee (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pannathon Sangarun) Chairperson (Dr. Peerasak Siriyothin) Member (Thesis Advisor) (Prof. Dr. Andrew Lian) Member (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pham Vu Phi Ho) Member (Asst. Prof. Dr. Arjuna Chaiyasena) Member (Dr. Butsakorn Yodkamlue) Member (Prof. Dr. Santi Maensiri) (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Weerapong Polnigongit) Vice Rector for Academic Affairs Dean of Institute of Social Technology and Internationalization ฉีเหวย่ เวย่ : การประยกุ ตใ์ ชก้ ารเล่าเรื่องดว้ ยสื่อดิจิทลั เพื่อพฒั นาทกั ษะการพูดสา หรับ นกั ศึกษาระดบั มหาวิทยาลยั ชาวจีนที่เรียนภาษาองั กฤษในฐานะภาษาตา่ งประเทศ (APPLICATION OF DIGITAL STORYTELLING FOR IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILLS IN CHINESE UNIVERSITY EFL STUDENTS) อาจารย์ที่ปรึกษา : อาจารย์ ดร. พีรศกั ด์ิ สิริโยธิน, 298 หน้า งานวิจยั น้ีศึกษาประสิทธิภาพการเล่าเรื่องด้วยระบบดิจิทัล (DST) ที่มีต่อความสามารถ ทางการพูดของนกั ศึกษาชาวจีนที่เรียนภาษาองั กฤษในฐานะภาษาตา่ งประเทศ ตลอดจนศึกษาความ คิดเห็นของนกั ศึกษาและอาจารยผ์ สู้ อนที่มีต่อวิธีการการเล่าเรื่องดว้ ยระบบดิจิทัล และความคิดเห็น ของนักศึกษาที่มีตอ่ การประเมินทางเลือกและกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ดว้ ยตวั เองของผเู้รียน ผเู้ขา้ ร่วมวจิ ยั จานวน 100 คน เป็นนักศึกษาชาวจีนที่เรียนภาษาอังกฤษในฐานะภาษาต่างประเทศ ซ่ึงกา ลงั ศึกษา ในมหาวิทยาลัย Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities โดยวิธีการคัดเลือกจากห้องเรียนปกติ แลว้ แบง่ ออกเป็น 2 กลุ่ม คือ กลุ่มทดลอง จา นวน 50 คน และกลุ่มควบคุม จา นวน 50 คน งานวจิ ยั น้ี เป็นการวจิ ยั แบบก่ึงทดลอง รวมระยะเวลา 12 สัปดาห์ โดยทา การทดลองในช่วงเทอม 1 ปีการศึกษา 2559-2560 โดยกลุ่มทดลองจะเรียนรู้ผา่ นการเล่าเรื่องดว้ ยระบบดิจิทัลและกิจกรรมการเล่าเรื่องดว้ ย ระบบดิจิทัลท้งั ในและนอกห้องเรียน ในขณะที่กลุ่มควบคุมจะเรียนรู้ผา่ นการสอนในห้องเรียนแบบ ด้งั เดิมเทา่ น้นั งานวิจยั น้ีใช้ระเบียบวิธีวิจัยแบบผสม โดยใช้ระเบียบวิธีวิจัยเชิงปริมาณเพื่อศึกษาความ แตกตา่ งของความสามารถทางการพูดของนกั ศึกษา การประเมินตนเอง การประเมินโดยเพื่อน และ การประเมินโดยอาจารย ์ ส่วนระเบียบวิธีวิจยั เชิงคุณภาพใช้เพื่อวิเคราะห์บทสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกของ นักศึกษา อาจารย์ผู้สอน และสมุดบนั ทึกสะทอ้ นความคิดเห็นของผูเ้ รียนต่อการเล่าเรื่องดว้ ยระบบ ดิจิทัล เครื่องมือวิจยั ประกอบไปดว้ ย แบบทดสอบการพูดก่อนและหลงั เรียน แบบสอบถาม การ สัมภาษณ์แบบก่ึงโครงสร้าง และสมุดบนั ทึกของผเู้รียน ผลการวิจยั พบวา่ หลงั สิ้นสุดการสอน นกั ศึกษาในกลุ่มทดลองมีความสามารถทางการพูด สูงกวา่ นกั ศึกษาในกลุ่มควบคุมอยา่ งมีนยั ยะส าคญั ทางสถิติในทุกดา้ นที่ไดร้ ับการทดสอบ คือ การ เล่าเรื่อง การพูดในหวั ขอ้ ที่กา หนด และการแสดงบทบาทสมมุติ และผลการวิจยั พบความสัมพนั ธ์ ทางบวกในระดบั สูงระหวา่ งการประเมินตนเอง การประเมินโดยเพื่อน และการประเมินโดยอาจารย์ นอกกจากน้ี การเล่าเรื่องดว้ ยระบบดิจิทัล ยงั มีความน่าสนใจ มีความทา้ ทาย ช่วยในการ เรียนรู้ เกิดความสนุกในการเรียน และส่งผลต่อการพฒั นาการเรียนรู้ดว้ ยตนเองของนกั ศึกษา การ ประเมินทางเลือก เป็นตวั ช่วยในกระบวนการเรียนรู้ กระตุน้ ให้ผูเ้ รียนมีความรับผิดชอบต่อการ II เรียนรู้ของตนเองมากข้ึน ส่งผลให้เกิดการเรียนรู้มากข้ึนและดีข้ึน และยงั พบความแตกต่างอยา่ งมี นัยยะส าคัญทางสถิติในด้านความคิดเห็นต่อความเป็ นอิสระของผู้เรียน ระหว่างผู้เรียนที่ ความสามารถสูงกวา่ และความสามารถอ่อนกวา่ ผลการการวิจยั สะทอ้ นให้เห็นวา่ ความส าเร็จด้าน การเรียนมีความสัมพนั ธ์กบั การเรียนรู้ดว้ ยตนเอง กล่าวอีกนยั หน่ึงกค็ ือการเรียนรู้ดว้ ยตนเองนา ไปสู่ ความสา เร็จ และความสา เร็จเกิดจากการเรียนรู้ดว้ ยตนเอง ผลการวิจยั น้ีช้ีให้เห็นวา่ การเล่าเรื่องดว้ ยระบบดิจิทัลมีประสิทธิภาพในการพัฒนาทักษะ การพูดภาษาอังกฤษ นอกจากน้ี เมื่อเปรียบเทียบกบั วิธีการสอนแบบด้งั เดิม การเล่าเรื่องดว้ ยระบบ ดิจิทัลทา ใหผ้ เู้รียนสนใจในการเรียนมากข้ึน ก่อใหเ้ กิดความกระตือรือร้นและการมีส่วนร่วมของท้งั ผู้เรียนและอาจารย์ผู้สอน ผลการวิจยั น้ีไดพ้ ิสูจน์ให้เห็นวา่ การเล่าเรื่องดว้ ยระบบดิจิทลั มีบทบาท หน้าที่สา คญั เป็นอยา่ งยง่ิ ในการพฒั นาการเรียนการสอนภาษาองั กฤษ สาขาวิชาภาษาตา่ งประเทศ ลายมือชื่อนักศึกษา______________________ ปีการศึกษา 2560 ลายมือชื่ออาจารย์ที่ปรึกษา________________ ลายมือชื่ออาจารยท์ ี่ปรึกษาร่วม_____________ QIWEI WEI : APPLICATION OF DIGITAL STORYTELLING FOR IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILLS IN CHINESE UNIVERSITY EFL STUDENTS. THESIS ADVISOR : PEERASAK SIRIYOTHIN, Ph.D., 298 PP. DIGITAL STORYTELLING/ ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS/ ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT/ LEARNER AUTONOMY This study was conducted to investigate whether a digital storytelling (DST) intervention could improve Chinese university EFL students’ speaking skills. In addition, it investigated students’ and teacher’s perceptions of DST approach and students’ perceptions of alternative assessment and learner autonomous activities embedded in the intervention. One hundred Chinese university EFL students were selected on the basis of their intact classes in Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities (QNUN) and were assigned into two groups each containing 50 participants. A 12-week quasi-experiment was conducted in the English speaking course during their first term of the Academic Year 2016-2017. The experimental group students participated in the DST intervention and were exposed to the DST activities both inside and outside classroom while the control group students only received conventional instruction. A mixed method design was employed: a quantitative framework was used to detect any differences in students’ speaking proficiency, self-, peer-, and teacher- assessments and learner autonomy activity use, while a qualitative framework was used to analyze the students’ and the teacher’s in-depth interviews and student diaries for their IV reflections on DST intervention. Specifically, instruments employed in the study were speaking tests as pre- and posttests, questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and student diaries. The findings revealed that after the treatment the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group in all areas tested: retelling a story, talking on a given topic, and roleplaying. The findings also showed that a strong correlation between self-, peer-, and teacher-assessments could be estimated. In addition, the DST intervention was considered interesting, challenging, helpful, and enjoyable and contributed to the development of students’ autonomous learning. Alternative assessment was viewed as an enabler of process of learning which could encourage learners to become more fully responsible for their learning and could result in more and better learning. And there were significant differences found between successful and less successful learners, as regards their perceptions of learner autonomy. The survey showed that success was related to autonomy. In other words, autonomy leads to success, and success is achieved through autonomy. The encouraging results indicate that the DST intervention was effective in improving English speaking learning. Furthermore, compared to the traditional approach, the atmosphere was more active in class, which encouraged not only the students’ but also the teacher’s enthusiasm and participation to a great extent. The findings prove that DST played an important role in improvement of English language instruction. School of Foreign Languages Student’s Signature_________________ Academic Year 2017 Advisor’s Signature_________________ Co-Advisor’s Signature______________ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I’d like to recognize all of those who have given me strength, support and the opportunity to show that it’ s never is late to study. Also, Suranaree University of Technology (SUT) where I learned the knowledge and shared special moments with my teachers and the many international students who helped me in my professional growth. First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisors Dr. Peerasak Siriyothin and Professor Dr. Andrew-Peter Lian who have been patient, instructive, and efficient while supervising me to accomplish this research. Without their wisdom, guidance, and technical and moral support, this work simply would not exist. Through the discussions with them in the supervision sessions, I have learned to be more prudent, reasonable, non-judgmental, critical, and systematic. I have been influenced by my supervisors on learning how to change ways of looking at things from different aspects when encountering difficulties. Their comments and critical feedback have always been a source of guidance for me. I would also like to thank my thesis examination committee: Associate Professor Dr. Pannathon Sangarun (who served as chair), Dr. Butsakorn Yodkamlue, Assistant Professor Dr. Arjuna Chaiyasena and Associate Professor Dr. Pham Vu Phi Ho and all of my lecturers at SUT, for their encouragement and support. I wish to express my sincere appreciation to all of specialists who proved my research instruments. I would VI also like to express my gratitude to Mr Jason Biscombe for proofreading my thesis. Thanks also go to the students in QNUN, who kindly co-operated during my data collection at QNUN. The experiment in this study
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