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What Comes Beyond the Standard Models Bled, July 11–21, 2011 [ Web Edition — 19.12.2011 ] i i “proc11” — 2011/12/18 — 20:08 — page I — #1 i i BLEJSKE DELAVNICE IZ FIZIKE LETNIK 12, STˇ . 2 BLED WORKSHOPS IN PHYSICS VOL. 12, NO. 2 ISSN 1580-4992 Proceedings to the 14th Workshop What Comes Beyond the Standard Models Bled, July 11–21, 2011 [ Web Edition — 19.12.2011 ] Edited by Norma Susana MankoˇcBorˇstnik Holger Bech Nielsen Dragan Lukman DMFA – ZALOZNIˇ STVOˇ LJUBLJANA, DECEMBER 2011 i i i i i i “proc11” — 2011/12/18 — 20:08 — page II — #2 i i The 14th Workshop What Comes Beyond the Standard Models, 11.– 21. July 2011, Bled was organized by Society of Mathematicians, Physicists and Astronomers of Slovenia and sponsored by Slovenian Research Agency Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana Society of Mathematicians, Physicists and Astronomers of Slovenia Scientific Committee John Ellis, CERN David Gross, KITP Roman Jackiw, MIT Organizing Committee Norma Susana MankoˇcBorˇstnik Holger Bech Nielsen Maxim Yu. Khlopov The Members of the Organizing Committee of the International Workshop “What Comes Beyond the Standard Models”, Bled, Slovenia, state that the articles published in the Proceedings to the 14th Workshop “What Comes Beyond the Standard Models”, Bled, Slovenia are refereed at the Workshop in intense in-depth discussions. i i i i i i “proc11” — 2011/12/18 — 20:08 — page III — #3 i i Contents Preface in English and Slovenian Language :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: V Talk Section :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1 The Cosmic e± Anomaly K. Auchettl and C. Balazs´ ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 2 Accelerator Probes for New Stable Quarks K. M. Belostky, M. Yu. Khlopov and K. I. Shibaev :::::::::::::::::::::::: 9 3 Explaining Phenomenologically Observed Spacetime Flatness Requires New Fundamental Scale Physics D. L. Bennett and H. B. Nielsen :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 16 4 Creating the Universe Without a Singularity and the Cosmological Constant Problem E. I. Guendelman :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 27 5 Using Two Measures Theory to Approach Bags and Confinement E. I. Guendelman :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 33 6 Predictions for Fermion Masses and Mixing From a Low Energy SU(3) Flavor Symmetry Model With a Light Sterile Neutrino A. Hernandez-Galeana´ ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 41 7 Masses and Mixing Matrices of Families of Quarks and Leptons Within the Spin-Charge-Family-Theory, Predictions Beyond the Tree Level A. Hernandez-Galeana´ and N. S. Mankocˇ Borstnikˇ ::::::::::::::::::::::: 55 8 Towards Nuclear Physics of OHe Dark Matter M. Yu. Khlopov, A. G. Mayorov and E. Yu. Soldatov :::::::::::::::::::::: 94 9 Fundamental Nonlocality A. Kleppe ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 103 10 The spin-charge-family Theory is Explaining the Origin of Families, of the Higgs and the Yukawa Couplings N. S. Mankocˇ Borstnikˇ :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 112 i i i i i i “proc11” — 2011/12/18 — 20:08 — page IV — #4 i i IV Contents 11 Seeking a Game in Which the Standard Model Group Shall Win H. B. Nielsen and D. L. Bennett :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 149 12 An Idea of New String Field Theory – Liberating Right and Left Movers H. B. Nielsen and M. Ninomiya :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 181 13 Degenerate Vacua From Unification of Second Law of Thermody- namics With Other Laws H.B. Nielsen and M. Ninomiya :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 199 Discussion Section :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 213 14 What at all is the Higgs of the Standard Model and What is the Ori- gin of Families? N. S. Mankocˇ Borstnikˇ :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 215 15 On the Problem of Quark-Lepton Families M. Yu. Khlopov:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 223 16 Importance of Misunderstanding in Physics Illustrated by Nonexis- tent Higgs R. Mirman :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 227 17 Discussion on the Cosmological Vacuum Energy H. B. Nielsen and C. Balazs´ ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 229 Virtual Institute of Astroparticle Physics Presentation ::::::::::::::::::: 237 18 VIA Discussions at XIV Bled Workshop M. Yu. Khlopov:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 239 i i i i i i “proc11” — 2011/12/18 — 20:08 — page V — #5 i i Preface The series of workshops on ”What Comes Beyond the Standard Models?” started in 1998 with the idea of Norma and Holger for organizing a real workshop, in which participants would spend most of the time in discussions, confronting different approaches and ideas. The picturesque town of Bled by the lake of the same name, surrounded by beautiful mountains and offering pleasant walks and mountaineering, was chosen to stimulate the discussions. The workshops take place in the house gifted to the Society of Mathematicians, Physicists and Astronomers of Slovenia by the Slovenian mathematician Josip Plemelj, well known to the participants by his work in complex algebra. The idea was successful and has developed into an annual workshop, which is taking place every year since 1998. This year the fourteenth workshop took place. Very open-minded and fruitful discussions have become the trade-mark of our workshop, producing several new ideas and clarifying the proposed ones. The first versions of published works appeared in the proceedings to the workshop. In this fourteenth workshop, which took place from 11th to 21st of July 2011, we were discussing several topics, not all of them were prepared in time for this proceedings. New experimental results from the accelerators about the properties of families of quarks and leptons, about not yet observed new families or new other kind of particles, about the scalar fields – the Higgs– which has also not been observed, new results from the cosmological and direct measurements of the dark matter, influenced strongly this Bled workshop. As all the new observations influenced all the past Bled workshops. Since the Higgs has not been observed, was the ”approach unifying spin and charges and predicting families” (the spin-charge-family theory shortly) again one of the important topics of the workshop. The spin-charge-family theory is namely offering the mechanism for generating families, explaining correspondingly not only the origin of families, but also of the family members, having a chance to offer answers also to several other open questions in elementary particle physics and cosmology. The theory sees the Higgs field and the Yukawa couplings as its effective low energy manifestation. The discussions manifested this topic a lot. There were open discussions about the dark energy in connection with the vacuum energy of the quantum field theory and the possible resolution of this problem with the use of complex action, about triviality of the string theories, about more general approaches to gravity, like it is the one with two measures, about the complex action and its application to the presently observed properties of fermions and bosons. i i i i i i “proc11” — 2011/12/18 — 20:08 — page VI — #6 i i VI Contents We discuss (again) a lot about the dark matter direct measurements and possible explanations of the experimental data. While some of us do not see that the so far made direct measurements would be already in contradiction with the prediction of the spin-charge-family theory that the fifth family members with the mass of a hundred TeV constitute the dark matter, the others propose that the fifth family ought to be lighter, less than 10 TeV, and of particular properties to fit all the direct observations and propose the OHe solution. There were also different proposals. Talks and discussions in our workshop are not at all talks in the usual way. Each talk or a discussion on some topics lasted several hours, divided in two hours blocks, with a lot of questions, explanations, trials to agree or disagree from the audience or a speaker side. Most of talks are ”unusual” in the sense that they are trying to find out new ways of understanding and describing the observed phenomena. Although we always hope that the progress made in discussions will reflect in the same year proceedings, it happened many a time that the topics appear in the next or after the next year proceedings. This is happening also in this year. Therefore neither the discussion section nor the talks published in this proceedings, manifest all the discussions and the work done in this workshop. Many a topic, the discussions on which brought new insight into understanding of it, will wait for the next year proceedings. Several videoconferences were taking place during the Workshop on various topics. It was organized by M.Yu.Khlopov with the use of the facility of the Virtual Institute of Astroparticle physics (wwww.cosmovia.org) of APC. We managed to have ample discussions and we thank all the participants, those presenting a talk and those contributing in these discussions. We all found these teleconferences very appropriate when trying to understand the opinion of those participating virtually. The reader can find the talks delivered by John Ellis, N.S. Mankocˇ Borstnik,ˇ H.B. Nielsen and A. Romaniouk on www.cosmovia.org, http://viavca.in2p3.fr/what comes beyond the standard models xiv.html Let us thanks cordially all the participants, those present really and those present virtually, for their presentations and in particular for really fruitful discussions in which we all learn a lot. Thanks also
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