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NATURAL PLANT COMMUNITIES of IDAHO a WORKING LIST for the CONSERVATION of BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY (Revised January, 1997) Compiled by Steven K

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NATURAL PLANT COMMUNITIES of IDAHO a WORKING LIST for the CONSERVATION of BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY (Revised January, 1997) Compiled by Steven K NATURAL PLANT COMMUNITIES OF IDAHO A WORKING LIST FOR THE CONSERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY (revised January, 1997) Compiled by Steven K. Rust Conservation Data Center Idaho Department of Fish and Game Introduction. Plant communities (potential natural vegetation plant associations and stable plant community types) known or expected to occur in Idaho are listed within the physiognomic framework of the National Vegetation Classification (NVC). Four hierarchical levels are presented (using the plant association Pinus albicaulis/Carex rossii as an example): CLASS (e.g., I. Forest), SUBCLASS (e.g., I.A. Evergreen Forest), GROUP (e.g., I.A.8.N. Temperate or Subpolar Needle- leaved Evergreen Forest), and FORMATION (e.g., I.A.8.N.b. Round-crowned evergreen forest). Some terms used in the NVC hierarchical scheme are replaced with terms that are more familiar to our region (e.g., ‘closed tree canopy’ as used in the NVC is replaced here by ‘forest’). The letter ‘N’ in the GROUP and FORMATION codes (e.g., I.A.8.N.b.) distinguishes natural and semi-natural vegetation from planted or cultivated vegetation. All of the plant community elements listed here are considered natural or semi-natural. The individual distributions of species give rise to variation in species composition over the range of a particular community element. Due to administrative and logistic factors, considerable variation occurs in the geographical scope of work in community ecology and to what degree biological differences in composition and structure are resolved. In compiling a regional classification, these factors contribute to problems with the compatibility of community elements described by different authors. Uncertainty in the classification of vegetation in Idaho may be attributed to the following sources: First, some plant community elements are based only on field observations (formal data collection and analysis have not contributed to the recognition of the element). These elements were usually observed and recorded as occurring within the region prior to the availability of appropriate classification work. Quantitative documentation of the structure and species composition of these plant communities is needed. Second, a number of plant communities observed in Idaho are thought to be similar to communities that are described outside our area; but only observational data support the occurrence of the element in our area. Finally, there is a group of communities that are described over a small area relative to the expected range of the element; the relevance of the classification work to the expected range of occurrence has not been formally documented. To assist with the recognition of plant community classification and inventory needs and to assure appropriate use of the information presented here, the relative confidence in the classification of individual plant community elements is indicated within the list. This work was completed through a Cooperative Challenge Cost-Share Agreement between Idaho Department of Fish and Game and USDA Forest Service Intermountain Research Station and supported by The Nature Conservancy. I. Forest I.A. Evergreen Forest I.A.8. Temperate or Subpolar Needle-Leaved Evergreen Forest I.A.8.N.b. Round-crowned evergreen forest Pinus albicaulis/Carex rossii Pinus albicaulis/Vaccinium scoparium Pinus contorta/Arnica cordifolia NATURAL PLANT COMMUNITIES OF IDAHO, PAGE 2 Pinus contorta/Calamagrostis rubescens Pinus contorta/Spiraea betulifolia Pinus contorta/Vaccinium caespitosum Pinus contorta/Vaccinium globulare Pinus contorta/Vaccinium scoparium Pinus contorta/Xerophyllum tenax Pinus ponderosa/Calamagrostis rubescens § 1 Pinus ponderosa/Physocarpus malvaceus Pinus ponderosa/Symphoricarpos albus Pinus ponderosa/Symphoricarpos oreophilus I.A.8.N.c. Conical-crowned evergreen forest Abies grandis/Acer glabrum Abies grandis/Adiantum pedatum § Abies grandis/Asarum caudatum Abies grandis/Clintonia uniflora Abies grandis/Coptis occidentalis Abies grandis/Linnaea borealis Abies grandis/Physocarpus malvaceus Abies grandis/Spiraea betulifolia Abies grandis/Taxus brevifolia/Asarum caudatum Abies grandis/Taxus brevifolia/Clintonia uniflora Abies grandis/Vaccinium caespitosum Abies grandis/Vaccinium globulare Abies grandis/Xerophyllum tenax Picea engelmannii/Arnica cordifolia Picea engelmannii/Hypnum revolutum Picea engelmannii/Juniperus communis Picea engelmannii/Ribes montigenum Pseudotsuga menziesii/Acer glabrum Pseudotsuga menziesii/Arnica cordifolia Pseudotsuga menziesii/Berberis repens Pseudotsuga menziesii/Calamagrostis rubescens Pseudotsuga menziesii/Carex geyeri Pseudotsuga menziesii/Juniperus communis Pseudotsuga menziesii/Linnaea borealis Pseudotsuga menziesii/Osmorhiza chilensis Pseudotsuga menziesii/Physocarpus malvaceus Pseudotsuga menziesii/Spiraea betulifolia NATURAL PLANT COMMUNITIES OF IDAHO, PAGE 3 Pseudotsuga menziesii/Symphoricarpos albus Pseudotsuga menziesii/Symphoricarpos oreophilus Pseudotsuga menziesii/Vaccinium caespitosum Pseudotsuga menziesii/Vaccinium globulare Thuja Plicata/Dryopteris spp Thuja plicata/Adiantum pedatum Thuja plicata/Asarum caudatum Thuja plicata/Clintonia uniflora Thuja plicata/Gymnocarpium dryopteris Tsuga heterophylla/Asarum caudatum Tsuga heterophylla/Clintonia uniflora Tsuga heterophylla/Gymnocarpium dryopteris Tsuga heterophylla/Menziesia ferruginea Tsuga mertensiana/Clintonia uniflora Tsuga mertensiana/Luzula hitchcockii Tsuga mertensiana/Menziesia ferruginea Tsuga mertensiana/Phyllodoce empetriformis § Tsuga mertensiana/Xerophyllum tenax I.A.8.N.d. Cylindrical-crowned evergreen forest Abies lasiocarpa/Acer glabrum Abies lasiocarpa/Actaea rubra Abies lasiocarpa/Alnus sinuata Abies lasiocarpa/Arnica cordifolia Abies lasiocarpa/Arnica latifolia Abies lasiocarpa/Berberis repens Abies lasiocarpa/Calamagrostis rubescens Abies lasiocarpa/Carex geyeri Abies lasiocarpa/Carex rossii Abies lasiocarpa/Clintonia uniflora Abies lasiocarpa/Coptis occidentalis Abies lasiocarpa/Linnaea borealis Abies lasiocarpa/Luzula hitchcockii Abies lasiocarpa/Menziesia ferruginea Abies lasiocarpa/Osmorhiza chilensis Abies lasiocarpa/Pedicularis racemosa Abies lasiocarpa/Physocarpus malvaceus Abies lasiocarpa/Polemonium pulcherrimum Abies lasiocarpa/Rhododendron albiflorum § NATURAL PLANT COMMUNITIES OF IDAHO, PAGE 4 Abies lasiocarpa/Ribes montigenum Abies lasiocarpa/Spiraea betulifolia Abies lasiocarpa/Symphoricarpos albus Abies lasiocarpa/Thalictrum occidentale Abies lasiocarpa/Vaccinium caespitosum Abies lasiocarpa/Vaccinium globulare Abies lasiocarpa/Vaccinium scoparium Abies lasiocarpa/Xerophyllum tenax I.A.8.N.e. Seasonally/temporarily flooded evergreen forest Picea engelmannii/Calamagrostis canadensis Picea engelmannii/Galium trifolium I.A.8.N.f. Seasonally flooded/saturated evergreen forest Abies grandis/Senecia triangularis Abies lasiocarpa/Calamagrostis canadensis Abies lasiocarpa/Caltha biflora Abies lasiocarpa/Ledum glandulosum Abies lasiocarpa/Oplopanax horridum Abies lasiocarpa/Streptopus amplexifolius Picea engelmannii/Caltha leptosepala Picea engelmannii/Carex disperma Picea engelmannii/Equisetum arvense Picea glauca/Carex disperma Picea glauca/Carex utriculata Picea glauca/Equisetum arvense Pinus contorta/Vaccinium occidentale Thuja plicata/Athyrium filix-femina Thuja plicata/Lysichitum americanum ‡ 2 Thuja plicata/Oplopanax horridum Tsuga mertensiana/Streptopus amplexifolius I.B. Deciduous Forest I.B.2. Cold-Deciduous Forest I.B.2.N.b. Montane or boreal cold-deciduous forest Acer grandidentatum/Berberis repens § Acer grandidentatum/Calamagrostis rubescens § Acer grandidentatum/Juniperus scopulorum § Acer grandidentatum/Osmorhiza chilensis § Populus tremuloides/Amelanchier alnifolia-Symphoricarpos oreophilus/Bromus carinatus Populus tremuloides/Amelanchier alnifolia-Symphoricarpos oreophilus/Calamagrostis rubescens NATURAL PLANT COMMUNITIES OF IDAHO, PAGE 5 Populus tremuloides/Amelanchier alnifolia-Symphoricarpos oreophilus/Tall Forb Populus tremuloides/Amelanchier alnifolia-Symphoricarpos oreophilus/Thalictrum fendleri Populus tremuloides/Amelanchier alnifolia/Tall Forb Populus tremuloides/Amelanchier alnifolia/Thalictrum fendleri Populus tremuloides/Artemisia tridentata Populus tremuloides/Bromus carinatus Populus tremuloides/Calamagrostis rubescens Populus tremuloides/Crataegus douglasii-Symphoricarpos albus Populus tremuloides/Juniperus communis/Carex geyeri Populus tremuloides/Rubus parviflorus Populus tremuloides/Salix scouleriana Populus tremuloides/Shepherdia canadensis Populus tremuloides/Stipa comata Populus tremuloides/Symphoricarpos oreophilus/Bromus carinatus Populus tremuloides/Symphoricarpos oreophilus/Calamagrostis rubescens Populus tremuloides/Symphoricarpos oreophilus/Carex rossii Populus tremuloides/Symphoricarpos oreophilus/Tall Forb Populus tremuloides/Symphoricarpos oreophilus/Thalictrum fendleri Populus tremuloides/Tall Forb Populus tremuloides/Thalictrum fendleri Populus tremuloides/Wyethia amplexicaulis I.B.2.N.d. Seasonally/temporarily flooded cold-deciduous forest Acer negundo/Cornus stolonifera Alnus rhombifolia/Amelanchier alnifolia Alnus rhombifolia/Betula occidentalis Alnus rhombifolia/Celtis reticulata Alnus rhombifolia/Philadelphus lewisii Alnus rhombifolia/Prunus virginiana Alnus rhombifolia/Rhus glabra Alnus rhombifolia/Rosa woodsii Alnus rhombifolia/Sambucus cerulea Alnus rubra/Adiantum pedatum Populus Trichocarpa/Recent Alluvial Bar ‡ Populus angustifolia/Acer grandidentatum Populus angustifolia/Betula occidentalis Populus angustifolia/Chrysopsis villosa
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