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international journal for religious freedom Vol 4 The International Journal for Religious Freedom is published bi- Issue 1 annually and aims to provide a platform for scholarly discourse on religious freedom in general and the persecution of Christians in 2011 particular. It is an interdisciplinary, international, peer reviewed journal, ISSN 2070-5484 serving the dissemination of new research on religious freedom and contains research articles, documentation, book reviews, academic news and other relevant items. The editors welcome the submission of any contribution to the journal. Manuscripts submitted for publication are assessed by a panel of referees and the decision to publish is dependent on their reports. The IJRF subscribes to the National Code of Best Practice in Editorial Discretion and Peer Review for South African Scholarly Journals. IJRF is freely available online: www.iirf.eu, as a paid print subscription, and via SABINET. The IJRF is produced by the International Institute for Religious Freedom Bonn — Cape Town — Colombo IJRF P.O. Box 535 Tel +27–21 558 7744 Edgemead, 7407 Fax +27–86 551 6432 www.iirf.eu South Africa email [email protected] Vol 4 Issue 1 2011 Vol VKW Advocacy and Law international journal for religious freedom International Journal for Religious Freedom (IJRF) Journal of the International Institute for Religious Freedom IJRF is published bi-annually and aims to provide a platform for scholarly discourse on religious freedom in general and the persecution of Christians in particular. It is an interdisciplinary, international, peer reviewed journal, serving the dissemination of new research on religious freedom and contains research articles, documentation, book reviews, academic news and other relevant items. The editors welcome the submission of any contribution to the journal. Manuscripts submitted for publication are assessed by a panel of referees and the decision to publish is dependent on their reports. The IJRF subscribes to the National Code of Best Practice in Editorial Discretion and Peer Review for South African Scholarly Journals. IJRF is freely available online: www.iirf.eu, as a paid print subscription, and via SABINET. Editorial Committee Editors Prof Dr Thomas Schirrmacher, Bonn, Germany Dr Christof Sauer, Cape Town, South Africa [email protected] Managing Editor Prof Stephen K Baskerville, PhD, Washington DC, USA [email protected] Book Reviews Dr Byeong Jun, Cape Town, South Africa [email protected] Noteworthy George Bransby-Windholz, Cape Town, South Africa [email protected] Editorial Board Prof Dr J Epp Buckingham, Ottawa, Canada Prof Dr Dr J W Montgomery, Straßbourg, France Prof Dr P Coertzen, Stellenbosch, South Africa Rev P Netha, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe Prof Dr R Velosso Ewell, Londrina, Brazil Prof Dr A Ojacor, Kampala, Uganda Prof S A de Freitas, Bloemfontein, South Africa Prof Dr B J G Reitsma, Amsterdam, Netherlands Prof Dr L Fernandez, Cape Town, South Africa Prof Dr R Rothfuss, Tübingen, Germany Prof Dr K Gnanakan, Shillong/Bangalore, India Prof Dr C Schirrmacher, Bonn, Germany Dr B Intan, Jakarta, Indonesia Prof Dr D L Stults, Oklahoma, USA Prof Dr T K Johnson, Prague, Czech Republic Prof Dr J P J Theron, Pretoria, South Africa Drs B Konutgan, Istanbul, Turkey NN, Nigeria Dr P Marshall, Washington DC, USA Subscriptions 2011 Annual subscription fee for 2 issues: Bank details South African Rand 220 (€25/US$35) Beneficiary: International Institute for Religious Freedom, VAT and postage included Cape Town · Bank: Standard Bank · Branch: Sea Point See subscription form in the back. Branch Code: 02 41 09 · Account Number: 071 117 431 SWIFT Code: SBZAZAJJ For international payments use: IJRF · P.O. Box 535 · Edgemead 7407 · Rep South Africa http://iirfct.givengain.org Tel +27-21 588 7744 · Fax +27-86 551 6432 · [email protected] International Institute for Religious Freedom (IIRF) of the World Evangelical Alliance Friedrichstr. 38 PO Box 535 32, Ebenezer Place 2nd Floor Edgemead 7407 Dehiwela 53111 Bonn Cape Town (Colombo) Germany South Africa Sri Lanka www.iirf.eu [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] International Journal for Religious Freedom Volume 4, Issue 1, 2011 ISSN 2070-5484 Articles and opinions published in IJRF do not necessarily reflect the views of the editors, of IIRF or of the sponsors. © Copyright 2011 is with the individual authors or bodies mentioned in the respective items. Printed with permission. Acknowledgement of Sponsors We would like to thank the sponsors who supported the editing, printing and distribution of this issue of IJRF. Their views and opinions are not necessarily those of IIRF and vice versa. Advocates International (see pp. 11-14 and inside back cover) Alliance Defense Fund (see pp. 15-16) Handong International Law School (see inside front cover) CLASFON (Christian Lawyers Fellowship of Nigeria) www.clasfon.org Jubilee Campaign (see advert p. 13) Gebende Hände (Giving Hands) www.gebende-haende.de Evangelical Lutheran Church in Württemberg, Germany www.elk-wue.de/landeskirche/international-information-en/ Department of Constitutional Law and Philosophy of Law, Faculty of Law, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa (see advert p. 124) Contact us if you want to sponsor an issue of IJRF. [email protected] Note to librarians: IJRF is also available as an ePublication from Sabinet (www.sabinet.co.za). The first full volume of IJRF appeared in 2009. There was only one pilot issue in 2008. Graphic Design and Layout: African Renewal, Ben Nimmo – www.renewal.org.za Cover art: The illustration on the cover is taken from the flight to Egypt by Josef, Mary and Jesus, enacted by the Mafa people, a north Cameroonian ethnic group, and painted by an anonymous French artist. The scene also symbolises the topics of this issue, advocacy and law. According to the Gospel of Matthew (Chapter 2, Verses 13-18) God, by means of an angel, advocated for the protection of the newborn baby Jesus from the murderous envy of king Herod. Josef also advo- cated for his family by fleeing with them to Egypt as instructed and remaining there until it was safe to return. Herod in turn issued a decree to massacre all children under the age of two years in the region of Bethlehem. Both the abuse of power, decrees and laws as well as human (and sometimes divine) advocacy are recurrent issues in present day human rights abuses, including religious persecution. This is part of a coherent set of pictures illustrating 62 New Testament scenes. Reproduction with kind permission by the association Vie de Jesus Mafa (Life of Jesus Mafa). All rights reserved. Vie de Jésus MAFA, 24 rue du Maréchal Joffre, 78000 Versailles, France, www.jesusmafa.com. Contents International Journal for Religious Freedom Volume 4, Issue 1, 2011 ISSN 2070–5484 Editorial �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 5 John Warwick Montgomery's contributions to religious freedom advocacy ���������� 7 Tribute to Manfred Jung (1960-2011) ����������������������������������������������������������������� 9 We Introduce Advocates International ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 11 Alliance Defense Fund ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 15 In my Opinion May Christians go to court? Thomas Schirrmacher and Thomas K Johnson ������������������������������������������������ 17 Research in Progress Responses to persecution Nicholas Kerton-Johnson, Aaron Johnson and Thomas Weingartner �������������� 21 Articles Greek opposition to evangelism John Warwick Montgomery ������������������������������������������������������������������������������23 Islamic human rights declarations and their critics Christine Schirrmacher ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 37 Advocacy for religious freedom in Canadian law Janet Epp Buckingham �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������65 Freedom of conscience, medical practitioners and abortion in South Africa Shaun A de Freitas ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������75 Religious persecution in North Korea 1945-2011 Jae-Chun Won �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 87 No justice for minorities in Pakistan Ann Buwalda and Godfrey Yogarajah ������������������������������������������������������������ 101 Mechanisms for religious freedom advocacy Knox Thames �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 115 South African Charter of Religious Rights and Freedoms Iain T Benson �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������125 4 IJRF Vol 4:1 2011 Documentation On the calls for freedom in the Middle East and North Africa Religious Liberty Partnership ������������������������������������������������������������������������135 Christian witness in a multi-religious world: Recommendations for conduct World Council of Churches, Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, World Evangelical Alliance �������������������������������138 Noteworthy ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������143 Book Reviews ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������149 Introducing the International Institute for Religious Freedom